ECE 2008 the BRADLEY DEPARTMENT of ELECTRICAL and COMPUTER ENGINEERING This Report Was Produced with Funds from the Harry Lynde Bradley Foundation
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ECE 2008 THE BRADLEY DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING This report was produced with funds from the Harry Lynde Bradley Foundation. BEHIND THE COVER: The MANIAC Challenge, organ- ized by an ECE team, generated the first large multi-hop mo- bile ad hoc network in November 2007 (p. 9). This was one of many activities in the department related to networks — from cognitive radio to power distribution to gene networks. The underlying graphic is based on a work by abstract artist Ja’ Ski, called “Futuristic Network.” Cover illustration by Christina O’Connor. WHAT’S INSIDE FEATURES 4 Blackout Busters 6 Securing the Airwaves 9 Hunting in the Wild MANET 12 Shrinking Lab Equipment Onto a Chip 16 Space@VT RESEARCH 31 Research 34 Networking 32 VLSI & Design 35 Communications Automation 36 Electromagnetics 32 Computer 38 Electronics Systems 39 Power 33 Software & Machine 40 Signals, Systems Intelligence & Controls UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH 25 Undergraduate Reaching for the Edge of Space 35 Networks for the GPS-Challenged 41 Jumping Head First Into the Unknown ECE PEOPLE 2 From the Department Head 3 From the Advisory Board Chair 26 Bradley Fellows 28 Bradley Scholars 42 Ph.D. Degrees Awarded 44 Honors & Achievements 46 Donors to ECE 48 ECE Faculty 49 ECE Industrial Advisory Board Photography by Virginia Tech Visual Communications unless noted otherwise. Jim Stroup: pp. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 15, 38, 39 John McCormick: pp. 21, 41, 43 Kim Peterson: p. 38 Produced by The Right Word Communications PERSPECTIVES from the Department Head s the world knows, 2007 was a tumul- Utah State, where he had served as department tuous time at Virginia Tech. Like the head and held an endowed chair. Majid Manteghi, rest of the university community, we an assistant professor in antennas and RF joined in ECE were affected by the horrible the faculty from UCLA. This spring, Marius Or- events of last April. All of us in the de- lowski accepted a position here as the VMEC Apartment mourn the senseless deaths of Chair in microelectronics. He came from Freescale and injuries to our students, faculty, friends, and Semiconducteur in France. neighbors. But it hasn’t changed who we are: a de- The new Center for Space Science and Engi- partment passionate about knowledge and educa- neering Research Center just completed building tion in electrical and computer engineering. our new HokieDARN radar station, that for the This year, many of our ECE alumni have re- first time enables continual mapping of the space connected with us, reminding us of our strengths weather plasma motions over the northern United and successes. Our alumni are a strong link to both States. This and our other space science activities the technology community and to communities are described beginning on page 16. around the world. Please keep in touch! Our opening stories describe work being From our alumni, we have heard that the Na- done in cognitive radio networks. This technol- tional Science Foundation (NSF) has honored ogy draws researchers from many areas and has be- three of our alumni with CAREER awards — its come a significant activity in our department. Two highest award for young faculty leaders. In 2007, of our student teams took top honors at the Soft- James S. Thorp Department Head Neil Patwari (BSEE ’97, MSEE ’99) earned an ware Defined Radio Forum’s 2007 Smart Radio award for his work at the University of Utah. The Design Challenge. prior year, two Ph.D. graduates, Robert Adams Notable faculty awards include Masoud Agah (’98) at the University of Kentucky and Greg Dur- (see p.13) and Jung-Min Park (see p.6) receiving gin (’00) at Georgia Tech both received CAREER NSF CAREER awards. G.Q. Lu’s development of awards. This past year, Durgin was also honored nanoTach was listed one of the 100 most techno- with Georgia Tech’s highest teaching award. logically significant products of 2007 by R&D We have a strong group of alumni who live Magazine. and work in Virginia. As the state’s largest and My many thanks to Dan Sable who has con- highest ranked ECE department, we take pride in tinued for a second term as the chair of the advi- the latest news that Virginia has the highest tech- sory board. Dan and the board have been nology worker density in the country and is the extremely helpful in supporting the initiative in fifth largest high-tech state. Most of these jobs re- space sciences. late directly to our field, involving computer sys- Last year I asked for help in identifying pho- tems design and service and engineering services. tos of W. A. Murray (1935-56) and B. M. Widener We continue to adapt to serve the needs of the re- (1956-58) to complete our wall of department gion and the field. We added three new faculty heads. I am happy to report we received the pho- members this year, but will be constrained with tos and the artist is painting both portraits. the institution of budget cuts that will limit our future hiring. In the fall, Tamal Bose joined ECE as the as- sociate director of Wireless@VT, coming from 2 from the Advisory Board Chair t is an honor and a privilege to have been re- of cognitive radio networks and development of elected as chair of ECE’s Industrial Advisory a credit-card sized gas chromatography platform. Board (IAB) for a second year. The events of CAREER awards are NSF’s most prestigious last April are still fresh in our memory. The award for creative junior faculty members consid- resulting challenges that they have brought ered to be future leaders in their academic fields. Ito the ECE department and the entire uni- ECE assistant professor Scott Bailey was the versity appeared at first to be insurmountable. We co-principal investigator of the NASA AIM Satel- mourn the loss of ECE student Henry Lee, and lite, which was launched April 25, 2007. He was our other friends and students who were killed. able to convince NASA at the last minute to place We are encouraged by the determination and heal- a logo on the rocket in memory of the Virginia ing of those who were injured. Our entire com- Tech victims. munity still is dealing with the emotional fallout. As alumni and members of the Industrial Ad- However, in the face of this adversity and the con- visory Board, it is in our own interest to see the tinuing emotional and financial burden that is ECE department prosper and gain greater reputa- being placed on Virginia Tech and the ECE de- tion. My vision for the IAB is to encourage an ac- partment, in fact, we have become stronger. tive role for the members in several ways: The Virginia Tech ECE department has truly 1. Alumni and IAB member companies can outstanding undergraduate and graduate programs encourage practical experience by sponsoring un- with excellent faculty world-renowned for teach- dergraduate and graduate student interns. ing and research. I can still remember 25 years ago 2. Alumni and IAB member companies can when Dusan Boroyevich and I were graduate stu- participate directly in the classroom through guest dents together taking the first course in Power lectures. Relating practical problems encountered Electronics offered by Fred Lee. “Dr. B.,” as the in industry to the classroom theory goes a long students call him, is now one of the most well re- way with student understanding of course mate- Dan Sable spected lecturers in the ECE department. Boroye- rial. Chair, ECE Advisory Board vich and Lee are now completing their 10th and 3. Alumni and IAB member companies can final year as a National Science Foundation (NSF) sponsor research in areas of most concern to them. Engineering Research Center (ERC). This puts 4. Alumni and IAB member companies can them into an extremely elite group of only six take an active role in being an advocate for the other universities in the country with graduating ECE department at the college and university NSF ERCs in the electronics area. level. The ECE department has been a traditional The list of ECE accomplishments in the past strength of the university. It is critical that it con- year continues. The recent Franklin Institute tinues to receive appropriate priority. Award to ECE Department Head Jim Thorp, and 5. Finally, alumni and IAB member compa- ECE University Distinguished Professor Emeritus nies can support the ECE department through Arun Phadke puts Virginia Tech ECE in a league generous financial donations. with Albert Einstein, Thomas Edison, Orville The ECE department head, Jim Thorp, has Wright, and Marie and Pierre Curie. ECE gradu- demonstrated remarkable leadership in focusing ate students took top honors in the Inaugural the Department and the IAB fully supports his ef- Smart Radio Challenge at the 2007 Software De- forts. The university is fortunate to have person of fined Radio Forum conference in November. his stature, integrity, caliber, and vision as the ECE Tech was the only school with two teams among Department Head. the final 10 competitors. Great teaching, great research, great students, ECE assistant professors Jung-Min Park and great alumni, great leadership – what more can Masoud Agah were awarded NSF CAREER one ask for? Awards for their work on improving the security 3 Arun Phadke (left) and Jim Thorp (right). Franklin Medal Winners, Arun Phadke & Jim Thorp Today, their technology and BLACKOUT BUSTERS algorithms are ore than 30 years ago, Jim Thorp, ECE de- Curie, Guglielmo Marconi, and Jane Goodall. used to keep partment head, and Arun Phadke, a uni- Phadke and Thorp received the award for lights on around Mversity distinguished professor emeritus, “pioneering contribution to the development and first teamed up to fight power grid blackouts.