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Lawra District Human Development Report 2011 LAWRA DISTRICT Lawra District Human Development Report 2011 LAWRA DISTRICT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT LAWRA DISTRICT REPORT 2011 HUMAN Resource Endowment, Investment Opportunities DEVELOPMENTand the Attainment of MDGs REPORT 2011 Resource Endowment, Investment Opportunities and the Attainment of MDGs Government of Ghana United Nations Development Programme Ghana Office Accra January 2011 United Nations Development Government of Ghana Programme Ghana Office Accra Lawra District Human Development Report 2011 © UNDP, Ghana 2011 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED No part of this publication may be produced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of UNDP, Ghana ISBN 978-9988-8521-6-0 Cover Design by ARTBANC Typesetting by ClayDord Consult, Accra Lawra District Human Development Report 2011 Printed by ARTBANC Lawra District Human Development Report 2011 Lawra District Human Development Report 2011 Acknowledgements Initiation, Sponsorship and Report Writing: Office), Prof. Amoah Baah-Nuakoh (former This is the third set of the District Human Senior Policy Advisor, Strategy and Policy Development Reports but a maiden one for Unit): Paul Derigubaa (former Programme Lawra District initiated and funded by the Specialist, Strategy and Policy Unit), Ruby United Nations Development Programme Sandhu-Rojon (the Resident Coordinator of (UNDP). Many people contributed to the the UN System and Resident Representative realization of this report. We acknowledge of UNDP of Ghana Country Office); K. K. the efforts of Mr. Joe Tabazuing of GIMPA Kamaluddeen (Country Director, UNDP), Pa Consultancy Services, the consultant for the Lamin Beyai (Economic Advisor, UNDP); field work and the writing of this report. Shigeki Komatsubara (Deputy Country Director, Programmes, UNDP); Coretta Secondary and Field Research: We Jonah (Economic Analyst, Strategy and appreciate the enormous contribution Policy Unit, UNDP); Kordzo Sedegah (information and validation) from the (Economic Specialist and the Report leadership especially the District Chief Coordinator, Strategy and Policy Unit, Executive of the Lawra District and the UNDP); and Magnus Ebo Duncan (Head, officers-in-charge of the following depart- Economic and Industry Statistics Division, ments and services: the Coordinating Ghana Statistical Service). Directorate, Planning, Agriculture, Co- operatives, Works, National Disaster Editing, Review and Advisory: The editorial Management Organization (NADMO), work comprised of structural and substantive Ghana Education Service and Ghana Health editing, technical and copy editing, Service. We also appreciate the contributions proofreading and review, and bibliographical of the following personnel of the Upper West editing as well as further study and re- Regional Administration: Mr. David Yakubu, analysis of selected sections and the Regional Coordinating Director, Mr. James numerous gaps identified in the report at the Dasah, Regional Economic Plann-ing editorial stage. These were undertaken by Officer, and Mr. Baba Osman, Deputy Prof. Cletus K. Dordunoo (team leader and Regional Economic Planning Officer. The Chief Executive Officer, ClayDord Consult, Lawra District Planning Officer, Mr. Roger Accra, Ghana) as well as the principal Nabiebakye, was always available to provide any assistance towards the success of the associates of the ClayDord Consult, namely, study; we are very grateful to him. Dr. Kwaku Mensah Ganu, Mr Woeli Atsu Dekutsey and Mrs. Gertrude Missodey, To all the respondents we say thank you. among others. The advisory support, comments and suggestions for improvement We thank the Technical Committee members from ClayDord Consultancy Services and for their inputs and validation of the report. Associates were responded to and provided The report was finalized with active parti- by Pa Lamin Beyai (Economic Advisor) and cipation and in consultation with members of Kordzo Sedegah (Economic Specialist and the Economic Policy Unit of the UNDP, the Report Coordinator, Policy and Strategy particularly Daouda Toure (former Resident Unit) of the UNDP Ghana. Coordinator of the UN System and Resident Representative of UNDP of Ghana Country Lawra District Human Development Report 2011 Abbreviations ADB Agricultural Development Bank AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome BECE Basic Education Certificate Examination CBRDP Community Based Rural Development Project CFR Case Fatality Rate CHPS Community Health Planning Service DHDR District Human Development Report DHIMS District Health Information management System DWHIS District Wide Health Insurance Scheme GCS GIMPA Consultancy Services GOG Government of Ghana HD Human Development HIV Human Immune Virus MDG Millennium Development Goal MOFA Ministry of Food and Agriculture NGOs Non-Governmental Organizations OPD Out Patient Department PLWHA People Living With HIV/Aids PMR Proportional Morbidity/Mortality Rate TBA Traditional Birth Attendants UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNICEF United Nations Children Education Fund UWADEP Upper West Agricultural Development Programme Lawra District Human Development Report 2011 Contents Foreword …………………………………………………………………………………….. iii Preface ……………………………………………………………………………………….. iv Acknowledgements …………………………………………………………………………… v Abbreviations …………………………………………………………………………………. vi List of Tables ………………………………………………………………………………… x List of Illustrations …………………………………………………………………………… xi Executive Summary …………………………………………………………………………… xii 1 INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………………………………. 1 Background ……………………………………………………………………………….. 1 Objectives and Scope of the Assignment ………………………………………………… 1 Understanding of the Assignment ………………………………………………………… 2 Approach and Methodology ………………………………………………………………. 3 General Approach …………………………………………………………………………. 3 Specific Methods ………………………………………………………………………….. 3 Sampling Design …………………………………………………………………………... 3 Sample Selection Process …………………………………………………………………. 3 The Survey Instrument ……………………………………………………………………. 4 Field Organization and Data Collection ………………………………………………….. 4 Data Analysis …………………………………………………………………………….. 4 Organization of Report …………………………………………………………………… 4 2 PROFILE OF LAWRA DISTRICT …………………………………………………… 5 Location of the District …………………………………………………………………… 5 Physical Features — Relief/Topography, Drainage and Geology/Soils …………….…… 6 Climate and Vegetation …………………………………………………………………… 6 Demographic Characteristics ……………………………………………………………… 8 Socio-Economic Infrastructure …………………………………………………………… 10 Road Network …………………………………………………………………………….. 10 Energy …………………………………………………………………………………….. 11 Human Settlement and Housing ………………………………………………………….. 11 Settlement Characteristics ………………………………………………………………… 11 Housing Conditions and Household Amenities …………………………………………... 11 Household Assets …………………………………………………………………………. 12 Governance (State and Traditional) and Administration …………………………………. 14 Local Governance ………………………………………………………………………… 14 Traditional Authority ……………………………………………………………………... 15 Lawra District’s Status of the MDGs …………………………………………………….. 15 3 ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ……………………………………………………………….. 17 Lawra District Human Development Report 2011 Agriculture ……………………………………………………………………………….. 17 Crop Production and Demand …….……………………………………………………… 18 Livestock Development…………………………………………………………………... 19 Irrigation Infrastructure…………………………………………………………………… 20 Rural Industrialization/Processing and Commerce……………………………………….. 20 Tourism and Other Services……………………………………………………………….. 21 Poverty Situation in the District…………………………………………………………... 21 Employment, Unemployment and Underemployment in Lawra District…………………. 22 Unemployment Situation in Lawra District……………………………………………….. 23 Underemployment………………………………………………………………………… 23 4 EDUCATION AND LITERACY ………………………………………………………. 24 Educational Infrastructure………………………………………………………………… 24 Access to Education and Quality…………………………………………………………. 24 Nearness to School and Means of transport for Going to School………………………… 24 Availability of School Furniture………………………………………………………….. 25 Pupil-Teacher Ratios……………………………………………………………………… 26 Satisfaction with Quality of Education…………………………………………………… 26 School Enrolment…………………………………………………………………………. 27 Education Attainment…………………………………………………………………….. 28 Completion and Transition in School…………………………………………………….. 28 Adult Literacy…………………………………………………………………………….. 29 Educational Problems and the Way Forward/Recommendations ……………………….. 29 5 HEALTH, WATER AND SANITATION……………………………………………... 30 Health Infrastructure……………………………………………………………………… 30 Access to Health Care and Quality……………………………………………………….. 30 Infant Admissions and Deaths……………………………………………………………. 30 Infant Motality Rate in the Lawra District (2003 to 2007)……………………………….. 31 Under-Five Mortality……………………………………………………………………… 31 Maternal Deaths…………………………………………………………………………… 32 Anti-Natal and Post-Natal Care…………………………………………………………… 33 Mode of Delivery…………………………………………………………………………. 33 Community Members Satisfaction Level with Health Services in the District…………… 33 The HIV AIDS Menace…………………………………………………………………… 33 National Health Insurance Scheme……………………………………………………….. 34 Guinea Worm Eradication Programme…………………………………………………… 35 Water Situation……………………………………………………………………………. 35 Source of Household Water and Distance to Walk to Nearest Water Source…………….. 35 Sanitation………………………………………………………………………………….. 36 6 DISTRICT LEVEL RESOURCES……………………………………………………... 37 Natural/Environmental Resources………………………………………………………… 37 Geology…………………………………………………………………………………….
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