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Universidad De Murcia UNIVERSIDAD DE MURCIA ESCUELA INTERNACIONAL DE DOCTORADO The Moss Genus Ceratodon: Studies of Evolutionary Biology and Taxonomy in Southern Europe El Género de Musgos Ceratodon: Estudios de Biología Evolutiva y Taxonomía en el Sur de Europa Dña. Marta Nieto Lugilde 2019 UNIVERSIDAD DE MURCIA The moss genus Ceratodon: studies of evolutionary biology and taxonomy in southern Europe El género de musgos Ceratodon: estudios de biología evolutiva y taxonomía en el sur de Europa TESIS DOCTORAL Marta Nieto Lugilde 2019 Directores Olaf Franziskus Werner (Universidad de Murcia) Rosa María Ros Espín (Universidad de Murcia) Stuart Frazier McDaniel (University of Florida) 7HVLV'RFWRUDOTXHRSWDDPHQFLµQGHߧ'RFWRUDGR,QWHUQDFLRQDOߨ Expertos doctores que han informado sobre la tesis: Dr. Rafael Medina, University of Augustana. Rock Island, Illinois, EE.UU. Dr. Mahmoud Magdy Abdallah Awad, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egipto. FUENTES DE FINANCIACIÓN La investigación llevada a cabo en el marco de esta Tesis Doctoral fue financiada por los proyectos CGL2011-22936/BOS del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y CGL2014-52579-R del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, cofinanciados con fondos FEDER. Asimismo, Marta Nieto Lugilde disfrutó de una beca-contrato del Programa de Formación de Personal Investigador (referencia BES-2012-056799) del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, desde diciembre de 2012 hasta noviembre de 2016, además de tres ayudas a la movilidad predoctoral para la realización de sendas estancias breves en centros de I+D: Gainesville, Florida, EE.UU. en 2014 (4 meses, referencia EEBB-I-14-08968); Gainesville, Florida, EE.UU. en 2015 (4 meses, referencia EEBB-I- 15-10402); y ÎHVN« BudÝjovice, República Checa en 2016 (2 meses, referencia EEBB- I-16-11747). A mis padres, y a mi familia ߧ'H1RUWHD6XUߨ AGRADECIMIENTOS Este camino se termina, pero es el principio del resto. Durante estos casi siete años, he vivido y aprendido muchísimo, y espero que eso no cambie. Este es el momento de agradecer a todas aquellas personas que han contribuido en mi formación y que me han ayudado a llevar acabo esta tesis. Los aquí citados y los que no (por espacio) merecen mis más sinceros agradecimientos. Existen dos tipos de familias: en la que naces y otra que es la que eliges. En mi caso tengo la suerte de tener tres, en la que nací, mis amigos y la gran familia que nos incorporó a la suya cuando mis padres se establecieron en el sur. No sé cómo agradecerles a mis padres, Mari Carmen y Juan Pedro, el amor por aprender cosas nuevas que nos inculcaron, el ímpetu por descubrir y el apoyo que siempre nos demostraron a los tres. A mis hermanos, Marcos y Diego, que son las mejores personas a las que puedo admirar, que a pesar de la distancia siempre han estado conmigo y me han dado libertad para que me formara yo misma. A mis sobrinas, Sara y Eva, con las que podría pasarme el día haciendo tartas, pintando tiestos o jugando a juegos de mesa, son tan diferentes como el azúcar y la sal, pero ambas son geniales y las quiero con ORFXUD4XHߧHOURFHKDFHHOFDUL³RߨVXHQDHYLGHQWH߮pero mantener el cariño a pesar de los cientos de kilómetros que separan a mi familia es pura magia y por ello quiero GHGLFDUOHV HVSHFLDOPHQWH HVWD WHVLV D PL IDPLOLD ߧ'H 1RUWH D 6XUߨ $ (QFDUQL -RVH Maribel, Nolo, Tino, Isa, Pepe, Fe, Iván, Ana, Juan Luis, Patri, Diego y Noemí, porque sois pura fuerza, dedicación, resiliencia, superación, alegría y cariño. Me gustaría hacer especial mención a mis directores de tesis Rosa M. Ros, Olaf F. Werner y Stuart F. McDaniel. Rosa ha llegado a ser una amiga, y además gracias a ella he aprendido a ser meticulosa, la importancia de la taxonomía, el correcto estudio de los briófitos y el buen hacer científico. Olaf quizás pasa desapercibido por su carácter pero siempre tiene una opinión, una idea o unas palabras de apoyo en el momento adecuado, además no hay quien le gane en el laboratorio. Gracias a ambos por vuestra dedicación en mi formación durante todos estos años y ofrecerme la oportunidad de realizar mi tesis con vosotros. Por último conocí a Stuart, que desde el principio me trató como si me conociera de toda la vida, ofreciéndome su amistad, simpatía y confianza. Además con sus extensos conocimientos sobre Ceratodon y biología en JHQHUDO PH HQVH³µ D PLUDU P£V DOO£ GH PL ߧVLVWHPDߨ \ D OOHYDU PL investigación a £PELWRVGHLQWHU«VJHQHUDOߧDV¯HVߨPXFKDVJUDFLDV Al llegar a la Universidad de Murcia, conocí a mucha gente que me ayudó en muchos aspectos y a los que estaré eternamente agradecida. Mis compañeros de laboratorio Mahmoud Magdy, Sergio Pisa, Inma Aledo, Agripina Ramírez, Elena de la Cruz, Samah Mohamed Rizk, Aurora Rodríguez y Juan Antonio Giménez, con los que compartí comidas, excursiones y muchas horas de aprendizaje. Por supuesto a la gente del laboratorio de palinología, el cual muchas veces parecía una prolongación del nuestro, Isa López, Elena Fierro (te echamos de menos, D.E.P.), Aline Freitas, Juan Ochando, Saúl Manzano, Santiago Fernández y Pepe Carrión. Mucho cariño les tengo a la gente de la cantina de Biología, Pascual, Alejandro, y al resto de personal, los cuales rompieron mi corazón cuando me anunciaron que no celebraríamos mi tesis juntos, gracias chicos por conseguir que desconectara al menos a la hora de comer. Trini, es el personaje más entrañable de toda la facultad de Biología, es atenta, alegre, servicial y muy eficaz. Gracias, Trini, por alegrarnos todas las mañanas, por preocuparte por todos y por avisarme cuando venían los festivos. También quiero agradecerles su trato a esas personas del Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica) de la Universidad de Murcia que por circunstancias varias hemos tenido menos contacto, pero siempre me han respondido con una sonrisa y me han ayudado cuando lo he necesitado, Diego Rivera, Paco Alcaraz, Juan Guerra, Pilar Torrente, Mayte Gallego, José María Egea, María Jesús Cano, María Asunción Morte, Pedro Sánchez, Marta Alonso, Juan Antonio Jiménez, y Mari Ángeles Caravaca. Quiero agradecer a Pepe Galián (coordinador del Programa de Doctorado en Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental) y a Rosa Mª Fernández Cabada (Vicerrectorado de Investigación y Transferencia), su inestimable ayuda durante los tediosos procesos burocráticos. Quisiera destacar la labor de la UCC de la Universidad de Murcia, en especial la de Delfina Roca y la periodista María José Moreno con las que tuve la suerte de compartir algunos ratillos y que me enseñaron la importancia de comunicar la investigación que hacemos y acercarla a todo el mundo, muchas gracias. Una de las mejores cosas que me ha pasado durante estos años fue la oportunidad de realizar estancias de investigación en el extranjero, donde crecí como investigadora y como persona. Y quiero agradecerles a todos aquellos que formaron parte de esas experiencias, porque hicieron que el estar lejos de casa no pesara tanto y alegraron los días con sonrisas, y buenos ratos. En Gainesville (Florida, EE.UU.): Gabriela Bloom y Catalina Pimiento, que me acogieron en su casa con todo el cariño del mundo; Sarah Carey, Barry Kaminsky, Leslie Kollar, Adam Payton y Lorena Endara que me ayudaron en el laboratorio y con los análisis, me integraron en las DFWLYLGDGHVGHOGHSDUWDPHQWR\PHDFRJLHURQFRPRDXQDP£VGHOߧ0F'DQLHO/DEߨ1R me olvido de Majo, Tania, Daniel, y el resto de mexicanos y argentinos que me enseñaron sus cultXUDV\PHDFHSWDURQHQVXߧIDPLOLDPXOWLFXOWXUDOߨ&DUPHQ3L³HUROD murciana que conocí a miles de kilómetros, y que juntas disfrutamos de todos los ULQFRQHV DPHULFDQRV TXH VH SXVLHURQ D QXHVWUR DOFDQFH (Q ÎHVN« %XGÝMRYLFH 5HS¼EOLFD &KHFD -DQ .XÏHUD \ Petr Koutecký, por aceptarme en su laboratorio y HQVH³DUPH WRGR OR TXH V« VREUH FLWRPHWU¯D GH IOXMR $OŀEÝWD 0DQXNMDQRY£ TXH PH enseñó la ciudad y su cultura, me facilitó los papeleos en la Universidad y me proporcionó todo lo necesario para pasar varios días en el campo, gracias por ser tan amable y servicial conmigo. Murcia llegó a ser mi casa y ha generado en mí esa necesidad de volver de vez HQFXDQGRSHURQRVRORSRUODVߧPDULQHUDVߨߧVDOFKLFKDVVHFDVߨRߧSDSDUDMRWHVߨVLQR por esas personas que son parte fundamental de esta tesis. Porque mis pavas ߧPXUFLDQDVߨ &ULVWLQD 3«UH] *HPPD 3ULHWR $QD )HUQ£QGH] (OHQD &DVWUR \ &DUPHQ Sica, han aguantado mis problemas y agobios, y los han aliviado con muchas risas y comida a borbotones, muchísimas gracias. 8QR QR GHEH GH ROYLGDU GH GRQGH YLHQH߮ SHUR HV TXH DGHP£V \R QR TXLHUR olvidarme de esa gente que me han apoyado y confiado en mí desde el principio y que siempre me reciben con un abrazo y una sonrisa. Del Departamento de Botánica de la Universidad de Granada especial cariño le tengo al equipo cervecero formado por Miguel Ballesteros, Antonio González, Paqui Alba, Julio Peñas y David Fernández, que han sido un pilar fundamental para terminar esta tesis, gracias por confiar en mí. Con los que viví mis primeros años de investigación y con los que formé, entre Papaveráceas \3WHULGµILWRVPLSULPHUDߧIDPLOLDFLHQW¯ILFDߨ9¯FWRU6X£UH]0LJXHOQJHO3«UH]$QD González, Laura Terrón y Samira Ben-Menni. Muchísimas gracias también a mis profesores de botánica Gabriel Blanca, Concha Morales y Joaquín Molero, que me descubrieron este apasionante mundo y me motivaron a estudiarlo. Muchísimas gracias a mis amigos de Graná que llevan muchos años aguantando, que una ruta dure el doble porque me entretengo con todas las plantitas, que discutieron conmigo si la nueva especie debía llamarse ߧDPD]RQXPߨ R ߧQHYDGHQVLVߨ, y que han vivido estos últimos meses con el mismo suspense que la final de la Champions: Jorge, Olmo, Andrés, Bilbo, Mabel, Miriam, Javi, Loles, Chitin, María, Luisi, Aurora, Brittany, Campillo y Carmencita. A Rafa Navajas y Cristina Aznarte, quisiera agradecerles su empatía y apoyo para que continúe investigando proponiéndome colaboraciones muy interesantes. Por último pero no menos importante, quiero agradecerles su cariño y su acogida a esa tercera familia que tengo, mi familia de Graná: Matilde, José Manuel, María José, Juan, Mari Loli, Nacho, Mati (te fuiste muy pronto, D.E.P), Jerónimo, Anita, Nuria, QJHOD3HSH/ROL߮\WRGRVORVGHP£VTXHFRPSRnen una larga lista que hace que nos juntemos 45 personas en Navidad, más el equipo de futbol juvenil que ya podemos montar.
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