Open File Report 6295, 86P

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Ontario Geological Survey Open File Report 6295

Report of Activities, 2013 Resident Geologist Program

Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist Report: Kirkland Lake and Sudbury Districts

2014

ONTARIO GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

Open File Report 6295

Report of Activities, 2013 Resident Geologist Program

Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist Report: Kirkland Lake and Sudbury Districts

D.L. Guindon, D.G. Farrow, C.M. Daniels, R.L. Debicki, A.C. Wilson, S.E. Halet, L.A. Bardeggia and N. Sabiri

2014

Parts of this publication may be quoted if credit is given. It is recommended that reference to this publication be made in the following form:

Guindon, D.L., Farrow, D.G., Daniels, C.M., Debicki, R.L., Wilson, A.C., Halet, S.E., Bardeggia, L.A. and Sabiri, N. 2014. Report of Activities 2013, Resident Geologist Program, Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist Report: Kirkland Lake and Sudbury District; Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 6295, 86p.

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iii

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Ontario Geological Survey Resident Geologist Program Report of Activities—2013

KIRKLAND LAKE REGIONAL RESIDENT GEOLOGIST REPORT

CONTENTS

1. Kirkland Lake District

2. Sudbury District

Ontario Geological Survey Regional Resident Geologist Program

Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist (Kirkland Lake District)—2013

D.L. Guindon, N. Sabiri, C.M. Daniels, R.L. Debicki, S.E. Halet and A.C. Wilson

2014

CONTENTS

Kirkland Lake District—2013

INTRODUCTION ...... 1 MINING ACTIVITY ...... 9 AuRico Gold Inc. – Young-Davidson ...... 9 Brigus Gold Corp. – Black Fox...... 11 Kirkland Lake Gold Inc. – Macassa Mine ...... 11 St Andrew Goldfields – Hislop Mine ...... 11 St Andrew Goldfields – Holloway Mine...... 12 St Andrew Goldfields – Holt Mine ...... 12 Polymet Resources Inc./Polymet Labs ...... 13 SMC (Canada) Ltd. – McAlpine Mill ...... 13 United Commodity – Yukon Refinery ...... 13 INDUSTRIAL MINERALS ...... 13 MarFred Minerals Ltd. – Tracey Lake ...... 13 ADVANCED EXPLORATION ...... 13 Armistice Gold Corp. – McGarry Mine ...... 13 Osisko Mining Corporation – Upper Beaver ...... 14 St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. – Taylor...... 14 EXPLORATION ACTIVITY ...... 14 Alpha Minerals Inc. – Mikwam Property ...... 14 Ateba Resources Inc. – Larder Lake Property ...... 18 Brigus Gold Corp. – Grey Fox Property ...... 18 Creso Exploration Inc. – Duggan ...... 18 G-Star Mining Corp. – Excalibre Project ...... 18 Laurion Mineral Exploration Inc. – Midlothian Project ...... 19 Mistango River Resources Inc. – Omega Project ...... 19 Moneta Porcupine Mines Inc. – Golden Highway Project ...... 19 Northern Gold Mining Inc. – Buffonta Property ...... 19 Northern Gold Mining Inc. – Garrison Property ...... 20 Orefinders Resources Inc. – Mirado Property ...... 20 Osisko Mining Corporation – Bidgood Project ...... 20 SGX Resources Inc. – Grenfell Property ...... 20 Temex Resources Corp. – Juby Property ...... 21 Temex Resources Corp. – Hydro Creek and Big Dome Property ...... 21 RESIDENT GEOLOGIST STAFF AND ACTIVITIES ...... 21 PROPERTY VISITS ...... 22 Leckie Gold Developed Prospect with Reserves ...... 22 Kanichee Past Producing Mine with Reserves ...... 22 RECOMMENDATION FOR EXPLORATION ...... 25 Temagami Area ...... 25 OGS ACTIVITIES AND RESEARCH BY OTHERS ...... 35 Ontario Geological Survey Activities ...... 35

viii

University Studies ...... 35 Colorado School of Mines ...... 35 Lakehead University ...... 35 University of Quebec (Montreal) ...... 35 University of Tennessee ...... 35 University of Toronto ...... 36 University Of Western Ontario...... 36 Geological Survey of Canada...... 36 REGIONAL LAND USE GEOLOGIST ACTIVITIES—NORTHEAST REGION ...... 36 Land Use Planning Activities...... 36 Crown Lands ...... 36 Forest Management Planning...... 36 Disentanglement ...... 37 Wawa Crown Land Use Atlas Harmonization Project ...... 37 Endangered Species ...... 37 Crown Land Sales ...... 38 Far North Land Use Planning ...... 38 Withdrawal Orders ...... 38 Forfeited Mining Lands ...... 38 Municipal and Private Lands ...... 39 Municipal Planning ...... 39 Exemptions from Mining Tax ...... 39 First Nations ...... 40 Other Activities ...... 40 Client Inquiries ...... 40 Class Environmental Assessments ...... 40 FIRST NATIONS MINERALS INFORMATION OFFICER—NORTHEASTERN ONTARIO ...... 40 MINERAL DEPOSIT COMPILATION GEOLOGISTS—PROVINCIAL ACTIVITIES ...... 43 REFERENCES ...... 44

Tables 1. Claims recorded and assessment work filed in the Kirkland Lake Resident Geologist District in 2013 .... 2 2. Mine production and reserves in the Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist District in 2013 ...... 2 3. Assessment files received in the Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist’s District in 2013 ...... 3 4. Exploration activity in the Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist District in 2013 ...... 16 5. Summary of activities of the Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist Office in 2013 ...... 21 6. Property visits conducted by the Kirkland Lake Resident Geologist and staff in 2013 ...... 24 7. Publications received in the Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist Office in 2013 ...... 26 8. Mineral deposits not being mined in the Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist District in 2013 ..... 28 9. Gold production in the Kirkland Lake Resident Geologist District to the end of 2013 ...... 32 10. Northeastern Ontario First Nations Minerals Information Officer activities conducted in 2013 ...... 41 11. Mineral Deposit Inventory records revision—2013 ...... 43

Figures 1. Mining and milling in the Kirkland Lake District in 2013 ...... 10 2. Active exploration properties in the Kirkland Lake District in 2013 (keyed to Table 4) ...... 15 3. Property visits conducted in the Kirkland Lake District in 2013 (keyed to Table 6) ...... 23

Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist (Kirkland Lake District)—2013

D.L. Guindon1, N. Sabiri2, C.M. Daniels3, R.L. Debicki4, S.E. Halet5 and A.C. Wilson6

1Regional Resident Geologist, Kirkland Lake, Resident Geologist Program, Ontario Geological Survey 2District Geological Assistant, Kirkland Lake District, Resident Geologist Program, Ontario Geological Survey 3Regional Land Use Geologist – Northeast Region, Resident Geologist Program, Ontario Geological Survey 4Land Use Policy and Planning Co-ordinator, Resident Geologist Program, Ontario Geological Survey 5First Nations Minerals Information Officer – Northeastern Ontario, Resident Geologist Program, Ontario Geological Survey 6Mineral Deposit Compilation Geologist – Northeastern Ontario, Resident Geologist Program, Ontario Geological Survey

INTRODUCTION

The average price of gold in 2013 was down by 15% from US$1668.98 to US$1411.23 per ounce (www.kitco.com), with the price peaking on January 2, 2013 at $1693.75 per ounce. Exploration activities in the Kirkland Lake Resident Geologist District have decreased compared to the previous few years, probably due to low stock prices and the struggle of the junior exploration market to raise funds.

Within the District, gold was produced from AuRico Gold Inc.’s Young–Davidson Mine, Brigus Gold Corp.’s Black Fox Mine, Kirkland Lake Gold Inc.’s Macassa Mine, St Andrew Goldfields Ltd.’s Hislop Mine, St Andrew Goldfields Ltd.’s Holloway Mine, St Andrew Goldfields Ltd.’s Holt Mine and St Andrew Goldfield Ltd.’s Taylor project (Figure 1, Table 2 and Table 9). The total production of gold in 2013 was 435 012 ounces or 13 530 386 g, an increase of 37% from the same period in 2012.

Overall, there were at least 80 active exploration projects in the Kirkland Lake Resident Geologist District (Tables 3 and 4, Figure 2).

New or updated National Instrument 43-101 (NI 43-101) resource estimates were released by Alpha Minerals Inc. (Mikwam), AuRico Gold Inc. (Young–Davidson), Brigus Gold Corporation (Black Fox & Grey Fox), Kirkland Lake Gold Inc. (Macassa), Mistango River Resources Inc. (Omega), Orefinders Resources Inc. (Mirado), St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. (Hislop, Holloway, Holt and Taylor) and Temex Resources Corp. (Juby, Hydro Creek and Big Dome). These estimates represent more than 20.8 million ounces of gold in all resource categories.

In 2013, 219 assessment work (Table 1) and donation reports were incorporated into the Kirkland Lake Assessment File system (Table 3). These reports, approved for assessment credits, represent $25 531 304 (all dollar values are in Canadian currency unless otherwise noted) in exploration expenditures plus an unreported additional value for georeferencing existing mining claims and show a decrease of 3% from 2012. Forty-two publications were added to the Kirkland Lake Resident Geologist District library and entered into the publications database (Table 7).

Table 8 lists mineral deposits not being mined in the Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist District in 2013.

1 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

Table 1. Claims recorded and assessment work filed in the Kirkland Lake Resident Geologist District in 2013.

Year Cancelled Recorded Active Total (Claim Units) (Claim Units) (Claim Units) ($) 2013 N/A N/A N/A 25 531 304 2012 8 131 5 970 36 601 27 037 497 2011 N/A N/A N/A 27 780 764 2010 10 497 7 538 38 306 19 246 271 2009 8 736 5 126 39 636 27 939 265 2008 N/A N/A N/A 16 782 293 2007 N/A N/A N/A 15 606 666 2006 8 213 10 131 42 185 17 389 166 2005 12 989 5 830 40 500 8 575 417 2004 9 738 5 484 28 563 10 584 733 N.B., Claim data for years 2003 to 2004, 2009, 2010 and 2012 is for the Larder Lake Mining Division. 2013 assessment work does not include the amount approved for claim georeferencing. Table 2. Mine production and reserves in the Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist District in 2013. Mine Production to end of 2013 Production in 2013 Reserves at end of 2013 Tonnage @ Total Tonnage @ Total Tonnage Grade Grade Commodity Grade Commodity 3AuRico Gold tons @ 0.076 176 876 ounces 2 736 273 tons @ 120 738 ounces (underground) Young-Davidson ounce per ton Au gold 0.04 ounce per gold Prv: 5 547 000 t 2.97 g/t ton Au (Q4 tons Prb: 34 490 000 t 2.80 missing) Mea: 877 000 t 4.17 Ind: 8 654 000 t 2.59 Inf: 13 983 000 t 2.80 (open pit) Prv: 3 934 000 t 1.28 Prb: 2 491 000 t 1.36 Mea: 98 000 t 1.60 Ind: 193 000 t 1.76 Inf: 31 000 t 0.99 3Brigus Gold - 5 020 823 tons @ 561 645 ounces 829 995 tons @ 98 710 ounces (stockpile) Black Fox 0.112 ounce per gold 0.12 ounce per gold Prv: 500 000 t 1.20 g/t ton Au ton Au Mea: 500 000 t 1.20 (open pit) Prb: 2 120 000 t 3.50 Ind: 2 536 456 t 4.30 Inf: 319 164 t 3.10 (underground) Prb: 2 602 000 t 6.10 Ind: 2 435 280 t 7.10 Inf: 146 178 t 5.60 1,3Kirkland Lake 1 999 305 tons @ 678 254 ounces 366 177 tons @ 115 329 ounces (tons) (ounces per ton) Gold Inc. – 0.339 ounce per gold 0.315 ounce per gold Prv: 1 361 000 0.39 Macassa ton Au ton Au Prb: 1 869 000 0.49 Mea: 281 000 0.39 Ind: 3 179 000 0.53 Inf: 3 279 000 0.52 St Andrew 1 992 346 tons @ 124 373 ounces 367 177 tons @ 19 321 ounces Prv: 7 000 t 1.07g/t Goldfields - 0.062 ounce per gold 0.053 ounce per gold Prb: 381 000 t 4.36 Hislop ton Au ton Au Ind: 970 000 t 4.02 Inf: 690 000 t 4.16 2St Andrew 6 091 733 tons @ 946 384 ounces 195 116 tons @ 21 330 ounces Prv: 37 000 t 4.47 g/t Goldfields – 0.155 ounce per gold 0.109 ounce per gold Prb: 22 000 t 4.53 Holloway ton Au ton Au Mea: 281 000 t 3.83 Ind: 3 179 000 t 4.10 Inf: 3 279 000 t 4.59 2St Andrew 9 191 442 tons @ 1 409 473 407 477 tons @ 58 898 ounces Prv: 1 479 000 t 4.17 g/t Goldfields – Holt 0.153 ounce per ounces gold 0.145 ounce per gold Prb: 1 623 000 t 5.26 ton Au ton Au Mea: 3 627 000 t 3.85

2 D.L. Guindon et al.

Mine Production to end of 2013 Production in 2013 Reserves at end of 2013 Tonnage @ Total Tonnage @ Total Tonnage Grade Grade Commodity Grade Commodity Ind: 2 145 000 t 4.21 Inf: 1 101 000 t 5.13 St Andrew 19 259 tons @ 2043 ounces 9370 tons @ 686 onces gold Prb: 736 000 t 5.63 g/t Goldfields – 0.106 ounce per gold 0.073 ounce per Ind: 2 068 000 t 4.54 Taylor ton Au ton Au Inf: 1 936 000 t 4.32 (preproduction) 1Production figure for November 1, 2012 to October 31, 2013. Listed as Kirkland Lake Gold in Table 9. 22007-2010 production for Holloway and Holt mines combined and not included. 3Reserves at the end of 2012

Table 3. Assessment files received in the Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist’s District in 2013. Abbreviations AEM ...... Airborne electromagnetic survey IP ...... Induced polarization survey AM ...... Airborne magnetic survey Lc ...... Line cutting ARAD ...... Airborne radiometric survey M… ...... Ground magnetic survey AVLF-EM . Airborne very low frequency electromagnetic survey Other ...... Other study BEEP ...... Beep Mat OvD ...... Overburden drill hole(s) BENEF…………………………………………..…Beneficiation Pr ...... Prospecting DD ...... Diamond drilling PW ...... Physical work DGP ...... Down-hole geophysics RC ...... Reverse-circulation drill hole(s) DHI ...... Down-hole Imaging RE ...... Re-evaluation of surveys ENV ...... Environmental Baseline Study rTr ...... Trenching Gc ...... Geochemical survey SA ...... Sampling (other than bulk) GL ...... Geological survey sTr ...... Stripping Gv ...... Gravity survey VLEM ...... Vertical loop electromagnetic survey HLEM ...... Horizontal loop electromagnetic survey VLF-EM ...... Very low frequency electromagnetic survey

Township Company Name Year Type of Work** AFRO Number RGO "Property Name" File Designation Abbotsford Cross Lake Minerals 1989 PR Donation KL-6756 Alma Link, T. "Kincaid Fault Property" 2012 IP 2.52954 KL-6710 Argyle Canadian Royalties Inc. "Ashley 2011-2012 DD(1)(335m) 2.53410 KL-6747 Lake Property" Arnold, Morrisette A4 Diamonds Inc. "Victoria- 2013 M 2.54323 KL-6857 North Arm Property" Asquith, Churchill Shining Tree Resources Corp. 2012 Lc, IP,M 2.53302 CO-3761 "Shining Tree Property" Asquith, Churchill Creso Exploration Inc. "Shining 2013 Lc, M, sTr, PW, 2.53859 CO-3777 Connaught, Tree Project" VLF-EM, SA Miramichi Auld Aurora Silver Mines Ltd. "Auld 2013 Ra, Beep 2.54419, 2.54424 CO-3805, CO-3806 Property" Baden Strike Minerals Inc. 1987 GL, SA Donation KL-6761 Bayly Transition Metals Corp. "New 2011-2013 GL, Pr, rTr, SA 2.53737, 2.54008 KL-6837, KL-6838 Kirkland Project" Beatty Brigus Gold Corp. "Guidoccio 2012 AM 2.52628 KL-6680 Property" Beatty Golden Dragon Resources Ltd. 1985, 1989 PR, IP Donation KL-6766 "Maude Lake Gold Property" Beatty Intercoastal Petroleum Corp. 1986 PR Donation KL-6767 Beatty St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. 2013 Pr 2.54091 KL-6814 "Beatty Property" Benoit O'Connor, T. A. 2012 Pr, SA 2.52822 KL-6704 Berry, Iroquois Point, 2152508 Ontario Inc. "Abitibi 2011-2012 Lc, IP 2.53628 KL-6833 Sulphur Island Area Project" Best Shynkorenko, E & Hermeston, P. 2012 Pr, SA 2.53617 CO-3758

3 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

Township Company Name Year Type of Work** AFRO Number RGO "Property Name" File Designation Best Shynkorenko, E. 2012-2013 Pr, SA, 2.53061, 2.54437 CO-3760, CO-3807 Black Goldpath Resources Corp. "Black 2012 Other 2.53386 KL-6738 Gold Property" Blakelock Adola Mining Corp. 1986 PR Donation KL-6790 Blakelock Colby Resources Ltd. 1984 PR Donation KL-6788 Blakelock Goldrock Resources Inc. 1986, 1988 PR Donation KL-6786, KL-6799 Blakelock Lake Shore Gold Corp. 2012 Gc, SA 2.53644 KL-6742 "Blakelock Project" Blakelock Mineta Resources Ltd. 1986-1988 PR, IP Donation KL-6796 Blakelock Tarron Resources Ltd. 1985 PR Donation KL-6792 Blakelock Tarzan Gold Inc., Goldrock 1986-1989 PR Donation KL-6798 Resources Inc. & Nartico Resources Ltd. Blakelock, Newman Core Energy Corp. 1985 PR 63.5008 KL-6787 Blakelock, Newman Glen Roy Resources Inc., Gogama 1985-1987 PR Donation KL-6794 Resources Inc. Blakelock, Tweed Chevron Canada Resources Ltd. 1987-1988 PR Donation KL-6801 Blakelock, Tweed Glen Auden Resources Ltd., 1986-1987 AM, AEM, Donation KL-6793 Boulder Moutain Resources Ltd.& AVLF-EM, PR Island Canyon Mines Inc. Bowman St. Jean, M.G. "Bowman 2012-2013 Pr, Beep, Lc, M 2.53943, 2.53878 KL-6824, KL-6828 Property" Bradette, Searchex Ltd. 1986 PR Donation KL-6784 Noseworthy, St. Laurent Bradette, St. Laurent Golden State Resources 1986-1988 PR Donation KL-6750 Inc./Goldrock Resources Inc./Adola Mining Corp.& Glen Auden Resources Ltd. Bragg, Newman Ventex Energy Ltd., Golden 1985-1989 PR Donation KL-6797 Dragon Resources Ltd., Goldrock Resources Inc., Shoal Petroleum Ltd. Bryce Gondor, L/ Laframboise, H " 2012 DD(6)(415m), SA 2.53535 CO-3773 Gondor-Laframboise Claims- Hector Showing" Bryce MacCallum, R. "MacCallum- 2012-2013 DD(1)(47m) 2.54007 CO-3775 Kirkey Property" Bryce Northstar Gold Corp. "Bryce 2011-2013 DD(16)(4580m, 2.53904, 2.54052 CO-3774, CO-3791 Property" SA, DGP Bucke Canagco Mining Corp. 2013 Pr 2.54212 CO-3793 Bucke, Lorrain Canagco Mining Corp. 2013 Pr 2.54295 CO-3803 "Teledyne-Lorrain Block" Burrows Abalor Minerals Inc "The 2012-2013 DD(14)(1500m) 2.53581, 2.53287 CO-3770, CO-3798 Jumping Moose Property" Pr, SA, IP, M Burrows Swain, S.L. 2013 Pr 2.54149 CO-3778 Burt West Kirkland Mining Inc. 2012 Pr, GL, SA 2.53327 KL-6721 "Rapski Property" Cairo Golden Valley Mines Ltd. 2012 Pr, SA 2.53361 KL-6744 Cairo Grand Saguenay Mines and 1984 sTr, rTr Donation KL-6771 Minerals Ltd Cairo West Kirkland Mining Inc. 2011-2012 DD(1)(203m), SA, 2.53328, 2.53370 KL-6716, KL-6728 GL Cairo, Powell AuRico Gold Inc. "Young- 2010-2012 DD(72)(24,172m), 2.53606 KL-6740 Davidson" SA

4 D.L. Guindon et al.

Township Company Name Year Type of Work** AFRO Number RGO "Property Name" File Designation Carr 6070205 Canada Inc. "Carr 2012 DD(1)(259m) 2.53198 KL-6713 Township Property" Carr Harrington, M.S 2012 Beep, Pr, SA 2.53325 KL-6733 Carr St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. "Carr 2012, 2013 Lc, Pr 2.53125, 2.53908 KL-6717, KL-6823 Property" Casey, Harris Canagco Mining Corp. "Langis 2012 IP 2.53684 CO-3759 Mine Property" Catharine Ashley Gold Mines Ltd. "Hunter 2013 M 2.54341 KL-6848 Gold Property" Catharine, Golden Dawn Minerals Inc. 2012 Pr 2.52868 KL-6731 Chamberlain, Marter Catharine, McElroy Orefinders Resources Inc. 2012-2013 Lc, M, IP 2.54367, 2.54368, KL-6851, KL-6852, "Mirado Property" 2.54369 KL-6853 Chambers Pantheon Ventures "Tasse East 2013 M, VLF-EM 2.54084, 2.54208 CO-3779, CO-3783 Grid" Churchill Dirks, P. P "Hinzer, Dirks, Dirks" 2011-2013 rTr, SA 2.53541 CO-3790 Churchill, Platinex Inc. "Herrick and 2011 M 2.53495 CO-3767 Macmurchy Caswell Grids, Shining Tree Project" Cleaver Gervais, L.N. 2012 Pr, SA 2.53643 KL-6739 Cleaver Warford, V.W.A. 2011-2012 Pr 2.52814 KL-6703 Clifford Brigadier Gold Ltd. 2012 M, VLF-EM 2.53538 KL-6802 Coleman Canagco Mining Corp. "Red 2012-2013 Pr, Other 2.53001, 2.53930 CO-3763, CO-3795 Jacket Property" Coleman, Gillies Canagco Mining Corp. "Gillies 2012 Pr 2.53429 CO-3762 Limit Limit Block A" Cook St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. 2012 sTr, SA 2.52836 KL-6705 Currie Kinross Gold Corp. "Currie- 2013 PW 2.54063 KL-6835 Bowman (South) Property" Doon, Midlothian Transition Metals Corp. 2011-2012 GL, sTr, rTr, Pr, 2.53463 KL-6746 SA Dufferin, North Liberty Mines Inc. "McAra Lake 2013 Lc, M, HLEM 2.53913 CO-3780 Williams Property" Eby Marion, E. J. 2012-2013 Pr, SA, Lc, 2.53283, 2.54171, KL-6726, KL-6815, DD(1)(55ft) 2.54188 KL-6821 Eby West Kirkland Mining Inc. 2011-2012 DD(1)(789m) 2.53521 KL-6720 "Kenogami Lake Property" Eby, Otto Robinson, D. R. "Reed Robinson 2012 Lc, Gc 2.53545 KL-6803 Property" Elliott Tiger Gold Exploration Corp WW 2012-2013 rTr, SA, PW 2.54122 KL-6831 Group" Elliott Tiger Gold Exploration Corp. 2013 Lc, M, VLF-EM 2.54222 KL-6839 "Cougar Grid" Elliott Tiger Gold Exploration Corp. 2011-2013 sTr, SA, PW 2.53335, 2.53889 KL-6734, KL-6822 "Shiloh Group" Elliott, Harker Tiger Gold Exploration Corp. 2012 rTr, SA 2.53416 KL-6729 "CLM-399" Farr Shynkorenko, E. 2013 Pr, SA 2.54412 CO-3804 Frecheville Montaine, M. G. "Big Monty 2012 AM 2.53309 KL-6737 Property" Galna, Kerrs, Knox, Utah Mines Ltd. "Jim's Lake 1983-1984 PR Donation KL-6779 Moody Property" Garrison Northern Gold Mining Inc. 2012 sTr, SA, Gc, 2.53076, 2.53312, KL-6712, KL-6727, "Buffonta Mine Property" DD(4)(1348m) 2.54277 KL-6854

5 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

Township Company Name Year Type of Work** AFRO Number RGO "Property Name" File Designation Gauthier Queenston Mining Inc. "Fork 2011-2012 sTr, SA 2.53907, 2.54289 KL-6818 Lake Property" Gauthier, McVittie Queenston Mining Inc. "Upper 2005 IP Donation KL-6858 Beaver Project" Gillies Limit Kon, A. and Cabo Mining 2012 Pr, sTr 2.51889, CO-3747 Enterprises Corp. Gillies Limit Kon, A.D. 2012 sTr, Pr, SA 2.53400 CO-3766 Gillies Limit Kon, A.D. "Hound Chutes 2012-2013 M 2.53827 CO-3784 Claims" Gillies Limit Outcrop Explorations Ltd. "Bass 2013 M 2.54206 CO-3792 Lake Claim Group" Gillies Limit Outcrop Explorations Ltd. "Bass 2013 Pr, SA 2.54267 CO-3796 Lake Claim Group" Gillies Limit Outcrop Explorations Ltd. "Gillies 2012-2013 Pr, Other 2.53559 CO-3788 Limit Block A" Gillies Limit Outcrop Explorations Ltd. 2013 M, SA 2.54110 CO-3785 "Trainmen & New Lake Claim Groups" Grenfell Opawica Explorations Inc. "Teck- 2012-2013 DD(3)(1260m), 2.53549 KL-6808 Kirkland Property" SA Grenfell SGX Resources Inc. "Grenfell 2013 DD(11)(2035), SA 2.54347 KL-6843 Property" Grenfell, Maisonville Glen Auden Resources Ltd.& 1985 PR Donation KL-6764 Adola Mining Corp. Grenfell, Maisonville Glen Auden Resources Ltd.& 1986 DD Report Donation KL-6760 Adola Mining Corp. "Sesekininka Lake Property) Guibord Gervais, L.N "Guibord Property" 2012 Gc 2.52948 KL-6715 Harker Harley, N. "Harley Property" 1985 PR Donation KL-6774 Hearst, McElroy, Skead Holdings Ltd. 2012-2013 Gc, SA 2.54101 KL-6819 Skead, Mcvittie, Gauthier Hislop Murgor Resources Ltd. "Golden 2012 DD(12)(1595m), 2.54269 KL-6850 Arrow Project" SA Hislop St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. 2012-2013 Lc, IP, M 2.53709 KL-6834 Hislop St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. 2012 DD(7)(3846m), 2.53352 KL-6736 "Hislop North" SA Hislop Victory Gold Mines Inc. "Gold 2011-2012 DD(37)(7271m) 2.53295 KL-6719 Pike Project" Hoblitzell Brohm Resources Inc.& 1985 PR Donation KL-6777 Beaverhead Resources Hoblitzell Tarzan Gold Inc., Goldrock 1988 PR Donation KL-6775 Resources Inc. & Nartico Resources Ltd. Holloway Dunstan, D.E. & O'Connor, T.A. 2011-2012 M 2.53208 KL-6718 Holloway St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. "Holt 2011 DD(56)(30,828m), 2.53555 KL-6724 Property" SA Holloway, Marriott Explor Resources Inc. "Marriott 2012-2013 Lc, IP, M 2.53705 KL-6826 Project" Holmes Pamorex Minerals Inc. "Abel 1989 M, VLF-EM, IP Donation KL-6781 Lake & Galer Lake Properties" Holmes West Kirkland Mining Inc. 2010-2012 DD(5)(1528m), 2.53286 KL-6714 "Cunningham Property" SA Holmes West Kirkland Mining Inc. 2011-2012 DD(4)(1298m) 2.52973, 2.53307 KL-6711, KL-6732 "Sutton Property"

6 D.L. Guindon et al.

Township Company Name Year Type of Work** AFRO Number RGO "Property Name" File Designation Holmes West Kirkland Mining Inc. "The 2011-2012 DD(1)(746m), SA 2.52961 KL-6707 Golden Valley Property" Hudson Von Cardinal, T. "Hudson 2013 M 2.53927 CO-3781 Township Grid" Hurtubise Conscot Resources Ltd. 1986 PR Donation KL-6778 Hurtubise Glen Auden Resources 1986 PR Donation KL-6776 Hurtubise Tarzan Gold Inc. 1988 PR Donation KL-6770 Hurtubise, Singer New Kelore Mines Ltd. 1986 PR Donation KL-6795 Hurtubise, St. Tarzan Gold Inc., Torex Minerals 1985-1987 PR, AM, AEM Donation KL-6755 Laurent Ltd., Glen Auden Resources Ltd & Canergy Resources Ltd. Katrine Ateba Resources Inc. "Copper 2011 DD(8)(1617m), 2.53842 KL-6804 King Property" SA Kelvin, Kemp, Natal Adroit Resources Inc. "Red Vein 2011-2012 DD(3)(1818m), 2.53467 CO-3772 Property" SA, Gc, IP, Pr Kenning Tarzan Gold Inc. 1988 PR Donation KL-6780 Knight Bear Paw Resources "Burda 2012-2013 DD(4)(215m), SA, 2.54242, 2.53613 CO-3787, CO-3797 Claims" M Knight, Macmurchy, Mineral Mountain Resources Ltd. 2011-2012 RC(62)(882m), 2.53115 CO-3771 Natal, Tyrrell "Block A Property" Gc, SA Knight, Raymond, Transition Metals Corp. 2011-2012 GL, Pr, SA 2.53265 CO-3769 Van Hise Knox, Rickard, Teefy Raney Minerals Ltd. "Shallow 1987 Pr Donation KL-6782 River Project" Lawson, Nicol Transition Metals Corp. "Nicol 2010-2012 GL, Pr, SA 2.53262 CO-3768 and Lawson Project" Lebel Queenston Mining Inc. "Lebel 2010-2011 DD(209)(42,909 2.53441 KL-6807 Gold Property" m), GL, Lc, PW Lebel Queenston Mining Inc. "Morris 2011-2012 DD(1)(501m), SA 2.53868, 2.54261 KL-6817 Kirkland Property" Lee Gold Diamet Resources Ltd. 2012 Lc, Gc, SA 2.52857 KL-6730 Lorrain Canagco Mining Corp. 2013 Pr 2.54229 CO-3786 Lorrain Intervia Inc. "Proteus Property" 2011 IP 2.52537 CO-3751 Macmurchy Creso Exploration Inc. 2012 sTr, SA 2.53498 CO-3755, Macmurchy Platinex Inc. "Caswell Lake- 2011-2013 DD(7)(1070m), 2.53174, 2.53884 CO-3764, CO-3799 Shining Tree Project" DHI, SA, rTr, sTr Macmurchy Strike Minerals Inc. "Rhonda 2012 PW 2.52372 CO-3748 Property" Maisonville 6070205 Canada Inc. 2013 Pr, M 2.54268 KL-6840 "Maisonville Township Property" Maisonville Freda Resources Inc. 1984 PR Donation KL-6759 Maisonville Noranda Exploration/Pryme 1984-1985 IP Donation KL-6765 Energy Resources "Goose Egg Lake Grid & Wolf Lake Grid" Maisonville Pryme Energy Resources Ltd. 1983 PR Donation KL-6789 "The Six Claim Gold Prospect" McCool, Munro Z-Gold Exploration Inc. "Lalonde 2012 M, VLF-EM 2.53408 KL-6741 Option" McElroy Metherall, W. & Zabudsky, D. 2011-2012 sTr 2.53473, 2.53474 KL-6845, KL-6846 "Grassy Lake Property" McGarry Armistice Resources Corp. 2011 DD(10)(11385ft) 2.53988 KL-6806 McGarry MC Exploration Services Inc. 2012 DD(3)(561m), SA 2.53186 KL-6709 "McGarry Property"

7 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

Township Company Name Year Type of Work** AFRO Number RGO "Property Name" File Designation McGarry Salo, A 2012-2013 Pr, SA 2.53750, 2.53126, KL-6829, KL-6735, 2.53715, 2.54353 KL-6816, KL-6847 McVittie Lawrence, R.D 2011-2013 Pr, SA 2.52977, 2.53497, KL-6708, KL-6723, 2.53970, 2.53713 KL-6805, KL-6809 McVittie Mistango River Resources Inc. 2011-2013 DD(2)(2305m), M, 2.53978 KL-6830 "Omega Project" IP, SA Michaud Moneta Porcupine Mines Inc 2008 DD(8)(2449m), 2.53458 KL-6748 "Acrex-Moneta Michaud JV" SA Michaud Moneta Porcupine Mines Inc. 2011-2012 DD(9)(2492m), 2.53645 KL-6842 "Perry Lake Project" SA Michaud Northern Gold Mining Inc. 2013 Gc, SA 2.54200 KL-6832 Michaud Northern Gold Mining Inc. 2013 IP 2.53739 KL-6827 "Michaud Claim Group" Mickle Shynkorenko, E. 2013 Pr, SA 2.54303 CO-3802 Midlothian MCD Exploration and Survey 2011-2013 Pr, GL 2.54157, 2.54160, KL-6812, KL-6813, Ltd. "Elizabeth Lake Project" 2.54278, 2.54190, KL-6849, KL-6725, 2.54191, 2.53382 KL-6859, KL-6860 Munro Gervais, L. "Munro Property" 2013 M, VLF-EM 2.54039 KL-6825 Newman Billikin Resources Inc. 1986 PR Donation KL-6757 Newman Tora Resources Ltd., Uni-Globe 1986-1989 PR Donation KL-6800 International Energy Corp., Goldrock Resources Inc. &Tarzan Gold Inc. Newman, Tomlinson Pan East Resources Inc. 1986 PR Donation KL-6758 Nordica HTX Minerals Corp. "Nordica 2013 Pr, rTr, SA 2.54234 KL -6836 Property" Noseworthy Alpha Minerals Inc. "Mikwam 2012-2013 DD(5)(1189m), 2.54285 KL-6855 Property" SA Noseworthy Glen Cannon Resources Inc. 1985 PR Donation KL-6791 Pacaud Balzer, K. "Pacaud Property" 2012 Gc 2.53402 KL-6722 Pacaud Northstar Gold Corp. "Pacaud 2012 Lc, M 2.53403 KL-6745 Twp. Grid" Rand Edwards, G & Windsor, G. 2012 Pr, PW, SA 2.54163 KL-6844 Sharpe Grabowski, R.J. "Grabowski 2012 sTr 2.52917 KL-6706 Property" St. Laurent Diplomat Resources Inc. 1986 PR Donation KL-6751 St. Laurent Glen Auden Reosurces Ltd. 1986 AM, AEM Donation KL-6783 "Project No. 28036A" St. Laurent Orsina Resources Ltd. & 1986 PR Donation KL-6754 Montclerg Resource Group St. Laurent Shiningtree Gold Resources Inc./ 1986 PR Donation KL-6749 Prophesy Developments Ltd. "St. Laurent Property" St. Laurent Southwind Resources 1986 PR Donation KL-6752 Explorations Ltd. St. Laurent Tarzan Gold Inc./ Montclerg 1988 PR Donation KL-6753 Resource Group Steele Hermeston, P.M. 2012 Pr, SA 2.53570 KL-6743 Strathcona Auranita Resources Ltd. "Jessie 2012 Lc, M, HLEM, 2.53588, 2.53591 CO-3756, CO-3757 Lake Grid" VLF-EM, IP Strathcona Drive-By Exploration Inc. 2013 HLEM 2.54059 CO-3782 Strathy Lalonde, D.J. 2012 Pr, SA 2.53522 CO-3753 Sulphur Island Golden Trio Minerals Ltd. "Shaft 1986 PR Donation KL-6762 Island Property"

8 D.L. Guindon et al.

Township Company Name Year Type of Work** AFRO Number RGO "Property Name" File Designation Tannahill Abitibi Mining Corp. 2013 Pr, SA 2.54170, 2.54283 KL-6820, KL-6841 Taylor Adola Mining Corp. 1984 PR Donation KL-6773 Taylor Prospectors Airways Resources 1984 Pr Donation KL-6772 Ltd. Teck Osisko Mining Ltd. "Murdock 2012 DD(6)(5305m) 2.54033 KL-6811 Creek Project" Teck Queenston Mining Inc. "Murdoch 2012 Lc, IP 2.54031 KL-6810 Stock Property" Tomlinson Glen Auden Resources Ltd. 1986 PR Donation KL-6769 Tomlinson Joscott Holdings Ltd./Azora 1988-1989 PR Donation KL-6768 Minerals Inc. Tudhope Shynkorenko, E. 2012 Pr, SA 2.53008 CO-3750 Tudhope Transition Metals Corp. "Golden 2012-2013 GL, PW, rTr, SA 2.53890 CO-3794 Elk Property" Tweed Glen Auden Resources Ltd. 1985-1986 HLEM, PR Donation KL-6763 Tyrrell and Knight Threegold Resources Inc. 2012 Pr, SA 2.52535 CO-3749 "Shining Tree Project- Claims 4258311 and 4258312" Tyrrell Creso Exploration Inc. "Hare 2011-2013 DD(2)(400m), SA 2.54014 CO-3776 Lake-Creso Property Option" Tyrrell Temex Resources Corp. "Golden 2012 DD(10)(3258m), 2.53509 CO-3752 Lake Property" Gc, Pr, SA, Tyrrell Temex Resources Corp. "Juby JV 2012 DD(2)(448m), SA, 2.53503 CO-3754 Property" Gc, Pr, GL Van Hise Goldeye Explorations Ltd. 2012-2013 GL, Pr, SA 2.53845 CO-3789 Van Hise Nemcsok, M.S. 2012 Lc 2.53281 CO-3765 Walker, Wilkie Tarzan Gold Inc. & Robin Wynn 1988-1989 IP, PR Donation KL-6785 Holdings Ltd. Yarrow MCD Exploration and Survey 2013 GL, Pr 2.54311 KL-6856 Ltd.

MINING ACTIVITY AuRico Gold Inc. – Young-Davidson AuRico Gold Inc. commenced commercial production from the Young–Davidson Mine, near Matachewan, in September 2012 with ore coming from an open pit. The underground portion of the mine was under construction and production was declared on October 31, 2013.

The property encompasses the past producing Matachewan Consolidated and Young–Davidson mines. In 2013 the mine produced 120 738 ounces of gold from 2 482 305 t of ore at a grade of 1.51 g/t gold. At the end of 2012, the resource estimate for the property was Proven and Probable Mineral Reserve of 45 462 000 t at 2.60 g/t gold Au, Measured Mineral Resource of 975 000 t at 2.19 g/t Au, Indicated Mineral Resource of 8 846 000 t at 2.58 g/t Au and Inferred Mineral Resource of 14 014 000 t at 2.80 g/t gold. Year-end resource estimate for 2013 is expected in early March 2014.

During the fourth quarter, the mill processed an average of 6969 tonnes per day (tpd), underground production averaged 2590 tpd and a paste backfill plant was commissioned.

The open pit is expected to be depleted early in 2014 (AuRico Gold Inc., press releases, March 25, 2013 and January 14, 2014 and MD&A (Management's Discussion and Analysis) filed November 7, 2013, with SEDAR®, see SEDAR® Home Page, 27p.)

9 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

Figure 1. Mining and milling in the Kirkland Lake District in 2013.

10 D.L. Guindon et al.

Brigus Gold Corp. – Black Fox In 2013 Brigus Gold Corp. mined ore from the Black Fox Mine in Hislop Township. Ore is shipped by truck and milled at the Stock Township mill. The company produced 98 710 ounces of gold (3 070 224 g) from 829 995 tons of ore milled at an average recovered grade of 0.12 ounce per ton gold. The mine produces ore from both an open pit and from underground. Phase 3 of open pit mining is currently underway. Over the first 9 months, $8.7 million was spent on capital projects underground and an additional $9.7 million was spent on capital projects for the open pit. An additional $3.7 million was spent on the mill.

At the end of 2012, the resource estimate for the property was as follows: Proven Mineral Reserve (stockpile) 500 000 t at 1.2 g/t Au, Probable Mineral Reserve (open pit) 2 120 000 t at 3.5 g/t Au, Probable Mineral Reserve (underground) 2 602 000 t at 6.1 g/t Au, Measured Mineral Resource (stockpile) 500 000 t at 1.2 g/t Au, Indicated Mineral Resource (open pit) 2 536 456 t at 4.3 g/t Au, Indicated Mineral Resource (underground) 2 435 280 t at 7.1 g/t Au, Inferred Mineral Resource (open pit) 319 164 t at 3.1 g/t Au and Inferred Mineral Resource (underground) 146 178 t at 5.6 g/t gold.

During the first 3 quarters of 2013, $1.0 million was spent on exploration at the Black Fox deposit. Drilling was completed to the east of and below the known mineral reserves. Diamond drilling results for 11 holes were released; highlights include: DDH 645-01-W intersected 40.71 g/t gold over 26.75 m, extending the west zone of mineralization by an additional 300 m at depth, and DDH 9670-EX-02A intersected 17.90 g/t gold over 6.45 m. (Brigus Gold Corp., press releases, April 29, October 16 and 31, 2013 and January 13, 2014 and MD&A, filed March 27 and November 12, 2013, with SEDAR®, SEDAR® Home Page, 27p. and 28p., respectively). Kirkland Lake Gold Inc. – Macassa Mine Kirkland Lake Gold Inc. holds the mineral rights for the Macassa Mine and 4 other past-producing properties in the Kirkland Lake gold camp. In 2013, the company produced 91 518 ounces (2 846 528 g) of gold from 304 063 tons of ore, with an average grade of 0.301 ounce per ton gold. The company’s fiscal year end is April 30. Production for the first two quarters of fiscal year 2014 was 61 565 ounces (1 914 886 g) of gold from 203 458 tons of ore.

At the end of December 2012, reserves on the property stood at 1 361 000 tons grading 0.39 ounce per ton gold (Proven) and 1 869 000 tons grading 0.49 ounce per ton gold (Probable). Resources stood at 1 094 000 tons grading 0.39 ounce per ton gold (Measured), 2 719 000 tons grading 0.53 ounce per ton gold (Indicated) and 2 238 000 tons grading 0.52 ounce per ton gold (Inferred). Total gold reserves in all categories amounted to 4 478 090 ounces.

Kirkland Lake Gold Inc. released the results of an exploration diamond drilling program along the Amalgamated Break, south of the South Mine Complex. Drilling intersected 2 zones of mineralization less than 400 feet below surface. Highlights of the drilling program include: DDH AB-13-14 intersected 16.75 ounce per ton gold over 1.0 foot (Zone 1) and DDH AB-13-41 intersected 4.68 ounce per ton gold over 1.0 foot (Zone 2). Exploration drilling from the Macassa 5300-foot level on the HM claim followed up on previous drilling. This drilling tested an area east of the resources of the South Mine Complex. Highlights include: DDH 53-2381A intersected 0.40 ounce per ton gold over 5.2 feet and DDH 53-211A intersected 2.97 ounce per ton gold over 10.0 feet.

The company is actively working to increase production from 1600 tons per day (tpd) to a rate of 2200 tpd by January 2014. Production guidance for fiscal year 2014 is 150 000 to 180 000 ounces. At the end of January 2014, the company had 1071 employees. In early December, the company announced a number of cost saving initiatives including shutting down 1 surface and 1 underground exploration drill, reducing the number of contractors, terminating some staff, imposing a hiring freeze, shutting down some low grade stopes, and reviewing capital requests. (Kirkland Lake Gold Inc., press releases, June 18, July 11, September 19 and December 5, 2013 and MD&A, filed December 12, 2013, with SEDAR®, see SEDAR® Home Page, 28p.) St Andrew Goldfields – Hislop Mine St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. began mine development and preproduction activities at the Hislop Mine in Hislop Township in February 2010. Production began during the third quarter of 2010. The ore is mined by open pit and trucked to the Holt Mill in Holloway Township. Production for 2013 was 19 321 ounces (600 950 g) of gold from

11 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

333 097 t milled at a recovered grade of 1.80 g/t gold. The Hislop Mine contributed approximately 19% of the Company’s total gold production for 2013.

At the end of December 2013, Proven Mineral Reserves are estimated at 7 000 t grading 1.07 g/t gold and Probable Mineral Reserves are estimated at 381 000 t grading 4.36 g/t gold. Estimated mineral resources total 970 000 t of Indicated Mineral Resources at an average grade of 4.02 g/t gold and 690 000 t of Inferred Mineral Resources at an average grade of 4.16 g/t gold. Total gold reserves in all categories amounted to 351 117 ounces. Late in 2012, St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. initiated a diamond drilling program to test for extensions of mineralization below the East and West pits. The 52 hole 19 500 m program was completed in 2013. Significant results include: DDH HP13-014 intersected 3.40 g/t gold over 28.2 m about 350 m below the West Pit and DDH HP13-045 intersected 6.34 g/t gold over 11.0 m about 100 m below the East Pit.

Exploration continued throughout 2013 on the Hislop North property. The drilling was designed to test the southward extension of the 147 and Contact zone structures of Brigus Gold Corp. on St Andrew’s ground northwest of the open pit. The company completed an 18 hole 9000 m diamond drilling program. Significant results included: DDH H13-003A intersected 4.43 g/t gold over 20.2 m and DDH H13-013 intersected 8.32 g/t gold over 6.4 m, (St. Andrew Goldfields Ltd., press releases February 12, March 15, August 7, October 31, 2013, January 9 and February 13, 2014). St Andrew Goldfields – Holloway Mine

St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. operates the Holloway Mine in Holloway Township. Mining recommenced at the Holloway Mine in October 2009. Production for 2013 amounted to 21 330 ounces (663 437 g) of gold from 177 006 t of ore processed at a recovered grade of 3.75 g/t gold. The Holloway Mine contributed approximately 21% of the Company’s total gold production for 2013.

At the end of December 2013, Proven Mineral Reserves were estimated at 37 000 t grading 4.47 g/t gold and Probable Mineral Reserves are estimated at 22 000 t grading 4.53 g/t gold. Estimated mineral resources total 281 000 t of measured resources at an average grade of 3.83 g/t gold, 3 179 000 t of Indicated Mineral Resources at an average grade of 4.10 g/t gold and 3 279 000 t of Inferred Mineral Resources at an average grade of 4.59 g/t gold. Total gold reserves in all categories amounted to 945 704 ounces.

A decision was made in 2010 to advance its exploration efforts at the Smoke Deep Zone by driving a 1250 m ramp from the Lightning Zone. Production commenced in October 2011. An underground drilling program commenced at the beginning of 2013 to test the eastern and down-dip extension of the zone. Drilling extended the zone 50 m to the east. A program of surface drilling included DDH GH13-002. This hole intersected 3.46 g/t gold over 12.2 m about 400 m directly above the Smoke Deep Zone and about 200 m below surface. The surface program also intersected a new zone named the Sediment Zone. The first hole of the program, GH-12-001 intersected 5.60 g/t gold over 8.1 m. Drilling has extended the mineralization over a 750 m strike length and a 250 m vertical height. The zone is about 250 m in the hanging wall, south of the Smoke Deep Zone. (St Andrew Goldfields Ltd., press releases February 12, March 4 and 15, 2013, January 9 and February 13, 2014). St Andrew Goldfields – Holt Mine St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. began preparing the Holt Mine in Holloway Township for production and accelerated its exploration programs in 2010. Mining commenced at the Holt Mine in April 2011. Production for 2013 amounted to 58 898 ounces (1 831 933 g) of gold from 369 657 t of ore processed at a recovered grade of 4.96 g/t gold. The Holt Mine contributed approximately 60% of the Company’s total gold production for 2013.

At the end of December 2013, Proven Mineral Reserves are estimated at 1 479 000 t grading 4.17 g/t gold and Probable Mineral Reserves are estimated at 1 623 000 t grading 5.26 g/t gold. Estimated mineral resources total 3 627 000 t of measured resources at an average grade of 3.85 g/t gold, 2 145 000 t of Indicated Mineral Resources at an average grade of 4.21 g/t gold and 1 101 000 t of inferred mineral resources at an average grade of 5.13 g/t gold. Total gold reserves in all categories amounted to 1 393 636 ounces. The forecast production for 2014 is 75 000 to 85 000 ounces from the three operations.

Production mainly came from Zone 4, Zone 6 and C-99 Zone on both the 925 and 1075 levels. Lateral

12 D.L. Guindon et al.

development commenced in Zone 6 on the 775 m Level in the first quarter. Production from the Zone 6 reserves commenced in the fourth quarter (St Andrew Goldfields Ltd., press releases March 15, 2013, January 9 and February 13, 2014). Polymet Resources Inc./Polymet Labs Polymet Resources Inc. experienced, as most exploration services, a very serious decline in business in the second half of 2013. As a result, the company has had to make cutbacks in its labour force and find cost savings. However, near the end of 2013 the company has rebounded and is looking at resurgence in its assaying business in 2014. The company, recognizing the exploration business downturn, ramped up its involvement in the precious Bullion work side of the business with a lease agreement with United Commodity’s Yukon Refinery in Lorrain Twp near the Town of Cobalt. Moreover, in 2013 the company installed a new Shredder Circuit for electronic & computer components to complement its Bulk-Sampling Circuit in an attempt to diversify its operations. Polymet foresees an increase in processing/bulk-sampling business in 2014-2015 for recycled products, namely slags, and refinery brick derived and associated with operations in the mining sector (G. Chitaroni, Polymet Resources Inc/Polymet Labs, personal communications, 2014). SMC (Canada) Ltd. – McAlpine Mill SMC (Canada) Ltd. is owned by Sabin Metal Corporation, a privately owned precious metal refiner in located in Rochester New York. The company operates the McAlpine Mill south of Cobalt. The mill processes materials to recover precious and base metals from a variety of materials on a custom milling basis using 3 gravity/flotation circuits (SMC (Canada) Ltd. SMC Canada March 10, 2014) United Commodity – Yukon Refinery

United Commodity AG is a Swiss corporation that operates the Yukon mill and refinery in Cobalt. Residual metals are recovered using a hydrometallurgical process that recovers silver, gold, nickel and cobalt from mill concentrates. Residual waste is decontaminated and rendered environmentally harmless. The mill currently process about 30 tons of tailings concentrate daily. The company believes it will increase production to 60 tons per day in 2014. The company has about 40 employees (United Commodity AG United Commodity AG March 10, 2014). INDUSTRIAL MINERALS MarFred Minerals Ltd. – Tracey Lake

MarFred Minerals Ltd. purchased the Tracey Lake barite mine, in North Williams Township, from Extender Minerals of Ontario in 2012. During 2013, 1000 t of ore was produced and milled in the Powell Township mill (personal communication, F. Rosko, January 22, 2014). ADVANCED EXPLORATION

Armistice Gold Corp. – McGarry Mine

In April 2012, Armistice Resources Corp. commenced shipping gold ore from the McGarry Mine to the SMC Canada Ltd. McAlpine mill in Cobalt. Over 200 tons of concentrate were produced and an initial shipment of 35 tons was sent to a smelter in Rouyn-Noranda for refining in September 2012. In the second quarter of fiscal 2013 the company recorded its first gold sales of $198 973. In the fiscal third quarter, ending March 31, 2013, the company received an additional $483 547. The 2013 year-end accounts receivable include $75 000 for processed gold.

In June 2013, Armistice announced that it signed a new custom milling and processing agreement with QMX Gold Corporation. The agreement is for at least one year and 30 000 t of ore to be delivered by Armistice . QMX is to provide all the handling, sampling, crushing, grinding, processing, refining and tailings disposal. Ore shipping commenced on August 19, 2013. Armistice received payments of $337 984 and $271 293 for the first 2 gold sales

13 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

of ore processed by QMX.

In early 2014, Armistice Resources Corp. became Kerr Mines Inc. (Kerr Mines Inc., press release, January 9, 2014 and MD&A, filed November 8, 2013, with SEDAR®, see SEDAR® Home Page, 23p.) Osisko Mining Corporation – Upper Beaver

In February 2012, Queenston Mining Inc. announce the positive results of an independent NI 43-101 Preliminary Economic Assessment (“PEA”) on its Upper Beaver Gold–Copper Project. The PEA studied the economics of building a 2000 tonne per day mine/mill complex at Upper Beaver that would produce on average 120 000 ounces of gold and 5.3 million pounds of copper annually with first production targeted in 2016. Queenston subsequently elevated the Upper Beaver project to Advanced Exploration leading to feasibility. In September 2012, the Ontario Ministry of Northern Development and Mines approved the Closure Plan for the Advanced Exploration Project to sink a new 1300 m deep shaft and detailed engineering, procurement and shaft collar excavation have commenced.

An updated mineral resource statement was released in September 2012. Indicated Resources on the property are 6 870 000 tonnes grading 6.62 g/t gold and 0.37 % copper (1 461 000 ounces gold and 56 006 000 pounds copper). Inferred Resources are 4 570 000 tonnes grading 4.85 g/t gold and 0.32 % copper (712 000 ounces gold and 32 218 000 pounds copper). Indicated and Inferred Resources have increased by 123% and 48% respectively.

Osisko Mining Corporation acquired Queenston Mining Inc. at the end of 2012. During 2013, 34 795 m of diamond drilling was complete and resulted in the discovery of 2 new copper gold-copper zones: DDH UB13-284 intersected 9.3 g/t gold and 1.7% copper over 18.1 m and 2.2 g/t gold and 0.5% copper over 17.8 m. The zone was named the East Basalt Zone. DDH UB13-282 intersected 11.0 g/t gold and 1.6% copper over 2.0 m. This zone was named the North Q Zone. Work on the shaft collar was completed but the construction of the headframe, surface facilities and shaft sinking was delayed following a deferral of expenditures in April. Activities were focused on compilation and assessment of results (Osisko Mining Corporation, press releases, March 21 and April 29, 2013 and MD&A, November 13, 2013, with SEDAR®, see SEDAR® Home Page, 32p.) St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. – Taylor

St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. collected a 15 000 t bulk sample from the 1008 Lens during the fourth quarter of 2012 and the first quarter of 2013. About 8500 t was processed and 686 ounces of gold (21 337 g) was recovered. During the second quarter, a decision was made to advance the ramp to provide a drilling platform for the 1004 Lens from which a second bulk sample will be collected. A 22 hole 4032 m diamond drilling program from the ramp from 50 m below surface was completed. Highlights include: DDH T220-003 intersected 11.56 g/t gold over 16.2 m and DDH T220-004B intersected 5.49 g/t gold over 27.7 m.

At the end of December 2013, Probable Mineral Reserves are estimated at 736 000 t grading 5.63 g/t gold. Estimated Mineral Resources total 2 068 000 t of Indicated Mineral Resources at an average grade of 4.54 g/t gold and 1 936 000 t of Inferred Mineral Resources at an average grade of 4.32 g/t gold. Total gold reserves in all categories amounted to 703 970 ounces (St Andrew Goldfields Ltd., press releases, March 15, July 15, August 27, 2013 and February 13, 2014). EXPLORATION ACTIVITY Alpha Minerals Inc. – Mikwam Property

Alpha Minerals Inc. completed a 5 hole 1189 m diamond drilling program on the Mikwam property in Noseworthy Township. The program tested mineralization along strike and down-plunge. Intersections include DDH AL-13-01 which assayed 5.919 g/t gold over 1.82 m.

In addition to the diamond drilling program, additional sampling was completed on 5 drill holes from the 2006 diamond drilling program. An updated NI 43-101 resources estimate was released in September 2013 (see Table 8) (Magyarosi 2013).

14 D.L. Guindon et al.

Figure 2. Active exploration properties in the Kirkland Lake District in 2013 (keyed to Table 4).

15 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

Table 4. Exploration activity in the Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist District in 2013 (keyed to Figure 2). Abbreviations AEM ...... Airborne electromagnetic survey LiDAR ……….…Airborne Light Detection and Ranging Survey AM ...... Airborne magnetic survey M… ...... Ground magnetic survey Beep ...... Beep mat survey Other ...... Other study BENEF…………………………………………..…Beneficiation OvD ...... Overburden drill hole(s) Bulk ...... Bulk sampling PEM ...... Pulse electromagnetic survey DD ...... Diamond drilling PGM ...... Platinum group metals DGP ...... Down-hole geophysics Pr ...... Prospecting ENV ...... Environmental Baseline Study FLTEM ...... Fixed Loop Transient EM survey PW ...... Physical work Gc ...... Geochemical survey R ...... Resistivity survey GL ...... Geological survey RC ...... Reverse-circulation drill hole(s) Gv ...... Gravity survey rTr ...... Trenching HLEM ...... Horizontal loop electromagnetic survey SA ...... Sampling (other than bulk) Ind ...... Industrial Mineral Study sTr ...... Stripping IP ...... Induced polarization survey Ug ...... Underground work KIM…………………………..……Kimberlite Indicator Mineral VLEM ...... Vertical loop electromagnetic survey Lc ...... Line cutting VLF-EM ...... Very low frequency electromagnetic survey

# Company/Individual (Occurrence Name or Property) Township/Area Exploration Activity 1 6070205 Canada Inc. "Maisonville Township Property" Maisonville Pr, M 2 A4 Diamonds Inc. "Victoria-North Arm Property" Arnold, Morrisette M 3 Abitibi Mining Corp. Tannahill Pr, SA 4 Alpha Minerals Inc. "Mikwam Property" Noseworthy DD(5)(1189m), SA 5 Armistice Resources Corp. “McGarry Mine” McGarry Bulk 6 Ashley Gold Mines Ltd. "Hunter Gold Property" Catharine M 7 Ateba Resources Inc. “Larder Lake Property” Katrine, Ossian DD(5)(2106m), SA 8 Aurora Silver Mines Ltd. "Auld Property" Auld Ra 9 Bear Lake Gold Ltd. “Larder Lake” McVittie DD, SA 10 Brigus Gold Corp. “Grey Fox” Hislop DD, SA 11 Canagco Mining Corp. Bucke Pr 12 Canagco Mining Corp. Lorrain Pr 13 Canagco Mining Corp. "Red Jacket Property" Coleman Pr, Other 14 Canagco Mining Corp. "Teledyne-Lorrain Block" Bucke, Lorrain Pr 15 Creso Exploration Inc. "Hare Lake-Creso Property Option" Tyrrell DD(2)(400m), SA 16 Creso Exploration Inc. "Shining Tree Project" Asquith, Churchill Connaught, Lc, M, sTr, PW, VLF-EM, SA Miramichi 17 Creso Exploration Inc. “Duggan” Tyrrell DD(4)(940m), SA 18 Dirks, P. P "Hinzer, Dirks, Dirks" Churchill rTr, SA 19 Drive-By Exploration Inc. Strathcona HLEM 20 Explor Resources Inc. "Marriott Project" Holloway, Marriott Lc, IP, M 21 Gervais, L. "Munro Property" Munro M, VLF-EM 22 Glen Auden Resources Ltd.& Adola Mining Corp. Grenfell, Maisonville PR 23 Gold Bullion Development Corp. Coleman SA, Other 24 Goldeye Explorations Ltd. Van Hise GL, Pr, SA 25 G-Star Mining Corp. “Excalibre Project” Bryce, Robillard sTr, SA 26 Harte Gold Corp. “Stoughton-Abitbi” Marriott, Stoughton AM, AEM 27 HTX Minerals Corp. "Nordica Property" Nordica Pr, rTr, SA 28 Kinross Gold Corp. "Currie-Bowman (South) Property" Currie PW 29 Kirkland Lake Gold Inc. “South Claims” Teck DD(30), SA

16 D.L. Guindon et al.

# Company/Individual (Occurrence Name or Property) Township/Area Exploration Activity 30 Kon, A.D. "Hound Chutes Claims" Gillies Limit M 31 Laurion Mineral Exploration Inc. “Midlothian Property” Midlothian Pr, SA 32 Lawrence, R.D. McVittie Pr 33 Liberty Mines Inc. "McAra Lake Property" Dufferin, North Williams Lc, M, HLEM 34 MacCallum, R. "MacCallum-Kirkey Property" Bryce DD(1)(47m) 35 Marion, E.J. Eby Pr, Lc, DD(1)(55ft) 36 MCD Exploration and Survey Ltd. Yarrow GL, Pr 37 MCD Exploration and Survey Ltd. "Elizabeth Lake Project" Midlothian Pr, GL 38 Mistango River Resources Inc. "Omega Project" McVittie DD(2)(2305m), M, IP, SA 39 Mistango River Resources Inc. “Omega” McVittie DD, SA 40 Moneta Porcupine Mines Inc. “Golden Highway” Michaud DD, SA 41 Nemcsok, M.S. Van Hise Lc 42 North Arrow Minerals Inc. “Timiskaming Diamond Project” Lundy, Hudson, Klock, Van DD(5)(547m) Nostrand 43 Northern Gold Mining Inc. "Buffonta Mine Property" Garrison DD(4)(1348m) 44 Northern Gold Mining Inc. "Garrison" Garrison DD(20)(6116 m), SA, sTr,, ENV, Met 45 Northern Gold Mining Inc. "Jonpol" Garrison DD(34)(8370m), SA 46 Northern Gold Mining Inc. "Michaud Claim Group" Michaud IP, Gc, SA 47 Northstar Gold Corp. "Bryce Property" Bryce DGP 48 Opawica Explorations Inc. "Teck-Kirkland Property" Grenfell DD(3)(1260m), SA 49 Orefinders Resources Inc. "Mirado Property" Catharine, McElroy Lc, M, IP, DD(40)(12 049m), SA, ENV, sTr 50 Orefinders Resources Inc. "MZ Property" Catharine, McElroy Gl, SA, rTr 51 Osisko Mining Corporation “Bidgood” Lebel DD, SA 52 Osisko Mining Corporation “Upper Beaver” Gauthier DD(29 290m), SA 53 Osisko Mining Corporation “Upper Canada Gauthier DD, SA 54 Outcrop Explorations Ltd. "Bass Lake Claim Group" Gillies Limit Pr, SA, M 55 Outcrop Explorations Ltd. "Gillies Limit Block A" Gillies Limit Pr, Other 56 Outcrop Explorations Ltd. "Trainmen & New Lake Claim Gillies Limit M, SA Groups" 57 Pantheon Ventures Ltd. "Tasse East Grid" Chambers VLF-EM, M 58 Salo, A McGarry Pr, SA 59 SGX Resources Inc. "Grenfell Property" Grenfell DD(11)(2035), SA 60 Shynkorenko, E. Best Pr, SA 61 Shynkorenko, E. Farr Pr, SA 62 Shynkorenko, E. Mickle Pr, SA 63 Skead Holdings Ltd. Hearst, McElroy, Skead, Gc, SA McVittie, Gauthier 64 St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. Hislop Lc, IP, M 65 St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. "Beatty Property" Beatty Pr, Beep 66 St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. "Carr Property" Carr Pr 67 St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. “Hislop North” Hislop DD, SA 68 St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. “Smoke Deep” Holloway DD 69 St Andrew Goldfields Ltd. “Taylor” Taylor DD, SA, Bulk 70 St. Jean, M.G. "Bowman Property" Bowman Lc, M

17 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

# Company/Individual (Occurrence Name or Property) Township/Area Exploration Activity 71 Swain, S.L. Burrows Pr 72 Temex Resources Corp. “Juby” Tyrrell DD(4), SA 73 Temex Resources Corp. “Hydro Creek and Big Dome” Tyrrell SA, GL, Pr, Gc 74 Tiger Gold Exploration Corp WW Group" Elliott rTr, SA, PW 75 Tiger Gold Exploration Corp. "Cougar Grid" Elliott Lc, M, VLF-EM 76 Tiger Gold Exploration Corp. "Shiloh Group" Elliott rTr, PW, SA 77 Transition Metals Corp. “Elephant Head” Connaught SA 78 Transition Metals Corp. “Haultain/Haultain West” Haultain SA, sTr 79 Transition Metals Corp. “West Matachewan” Doon SA 80 Von Cardinal, T. "Hudson Township Grid" Hudson M Ateba Resources Inc. – Larder Lake Property

Ateba Resources Inc. completed a 5 hole 2106 m diamond drilling program on the Larder Lake property, northeast of Kirkland Lake. Drilling was focused around the Walsh mine property in Katrine Township, where zones of alteration were intersected below the shaft. Highlights of the program include: DDH AR 13-56 intersected 0.936 g/t gold over 6 m and DDH AR-13-58 intersected 3.118 g/t gold over 1 m (Ateba Resources Inc., press release, May 14, 2013 and MD&A, filed May 30 with SEDAR®, see SEDAR® Home Page, 12p.) Brigus Gold Corp. – Grey Fox Property

Brigus Gold Corp. continued to explore the Grey Fox property, located about 4 km southeast of the Black Fox Mine. In 2013, about $7.4 million was spent on exploration by the end of the third quarter. An update NI 43-101 resource estimate was released in July on the Grey Fox property. This included the Contact, 147 and Grey Fox South zones (see Table 8). The zones are subparallel with about 200 m between each. There are 13 drill defined continuous mineralized lithological zones up to 1.3 km in strike length.

Diamond drilling on the Grey Fox totalled 51 781 m in 112 holes for the first 9 months. Diamond drilling highlights included: DDH GF13-750 intersected 20.93 g/t gold over 13.25 m (147 Zone), DDH GF12-665 intersected 3.94 g/t gold over 36.00 m (Contact Zone), DDH GF13-801 intersected 8.87 g/t gold over 20.00 m (New Hanging Wall Zone) and DDH GF12-614 intersected 5.34 g/t gold over 7.00 m (Grey Fox South Zone) (Brigus Gold Corp., press releases, March 18, April 2, May 8, June 4 and 19, July 2, October 16 and December 12, 2013 and MD&A, filed May 13, August 12 and November 12, 2013, with SEDAR®, see SEDAR® Home Page, 23p., 28p. and 28p., respectively). Creso Exploration Inc. – Duggan

In 2013 Creso Exploration Inc. completed a 4 hole 940m diamond drilling program on the Duggan property in Tyrrell Township. The program tested historic mineralized intersections in 5 portions of the deposit over 280 m. Highlights include: DDH CD-13-03 intersected 2.20 g/t gold over 34.50 m and DDH CD-13-04 intersected 2.13 g/t gold over 10.20 m. Rejects from DDH CD13-03 were re-assayed using metallic screen assay methods. Results were 1.50 g/t gold over 80.9 m including 2.82 g/t gold over 34.5 m (Creso Exploration Inc., press releases, February 14 and March 13, 2013). G-Star Mining Corp. – Excalibre Project

In May 2013, G-Star Mining Corp. acquired the Excalibre property, consisting of 45 claims in Bryce Township, from the private company Bryce Gold Exploration Ltd. Data compilation, trench mapping, sampling and assaying was completed. Grab samples from the Mearow-McCombe showing returned assays to 9.3 g/t gold. (G-Star Mining Corp., press releases, May 21, September 14 and October 26, 2013).

18 D.L. Guindon et al.

Laurion Mineral Exploration Inc. – Midlothian Project

The Midlothian property consists of 11 claims totalling 152 units in central Midlothian Township. The property encompasses the former United Asbestos mine property. A prospecting and sampling program was completed in the spring of 2013. A grab sample collected from a quartz vein/alteration zone, named the Bjorkman zone, returned an assay of 12 700 g/t gold. A second sample collected 5 m away assayed 296 g/t gold. Subsequent resampling returned results of 4810 g/t gold over 0.3 m and 2060 g/t gold over 0.8 m (Laurion Mineral Exploration Inc., press releases, July 23 and August 17, 2013). Mistango River Resources Inc. – Omega Project

Mistango River Resources Inc. released diamond drilling results for 16 diamond drill holes, 14 of which were infill drilling and 2 were to test down-plunge extensions of the mineralization. Infill highlights include: DDH OM13-107 intersected 3.495 g/t gold over 32 m and DDH OM-13-109 intersected 1.763 g/t gold over 57 m; DDH OM-13-102 intersected 0.916 g/t gold over 14.0 m down-plunge.

The results of an updated mineral resource estimate, released in July, were: Indicated open pit mineral resource of 4 920 000 t of 1.39 g/t Au, Indicated underground mineral resource of 3 000 t of 3.19 g/t Au, Inferred open pit mineral resource of 3 350 000 t of 1.80 g/t Au and Inferred underground mineral resource of 1 340 000 t of 4.0 g/t gold. Total gold resource in all categories amounted to 365 400 ounces (Mistango River Resources Inc., press releases, March 21, May 23 and July 10, 2013).

Mistango River Resources Inc. commenced a 2 hole 2305 m diamond drilling program on the Skead Holdings Ltd. option in October 2012 and completed the second hole in January 2013. The program was designed to test for the down-dip potential of the Omega-style mineralization. The lithologies intersected correlate down-dip with the Omega strata. Mineralization was intersected at about 950 m vertically. DDH OM-12-101 intersected 1.016 g/t gold over 11.0 m and 1.77 g/t gold over 5.0 m. DDH OM-12-103A intersected 1.4 g/t gold over 1.0 m, 1.26 g/t gold over 9.0 m and 0.907 g/t gold over 8.0 m (Iliev 2013). Moneta Porcupine Mines Inc. – Golden Highway Project

Moneta Porcupine Mines Inc. has been exploring the Golden Highway project in Michaud Township for the past few years. The latest resources estimate was released in October 2012 totalling 4.3 million ounces gold in all categories (see Table 8). During the first 3 quarters of 2013, 63 diamond drill holes totalling about 25 000 m were completed.

The first quarter diamond drilling program designed to expand the in- and out-of-pit resource focussed on the Gap Zone between the Windjammer Central and Southwest zones. DDH MGH13-010 intersected 3.39 g/t gold over 4.0 m and 2.19 g/t gold over 38.0 m. The second and third quarter drilling tested near surface mineralization mainly in the Windjammer Central Zone. DDH MSW11-285X intersected 4.44 g/t gold over 5.50 m. DDH MGH13-053A intersected 0.89 g/t gold over 59.0 m and 1.32 g/t gold over 14.0 m in the West area (Moneta Porcupine Mines Inc., MD&A, filed May 15, August 14 and November 14, 2013, with SEDAR®, see SEDAR® Home Page, 19p., 21p. and 20p., respectively). Northern Gold Mining Inc. – Buffonta Property

Northern Gold Mining Inc. optioned 90 staked and 25 patented claims in central Garrison Township in September 2012. The property included 2 pits that were mined in the 1980s. Environmental baseline studies commenced shortly following property acquisition to allow for the application of advanced exploration permitting.

During 2013 a diamond drilling program consisting of 20 drill holes totalling 6781 m was completed. In addition, line cutting, prospecting, mapping, ground magnetometer and IP surveys were completed. Five grab samples returned values ranging from 1.03 to 7.37 g/t gold. Diamond drilling extended the mineralization between the 2 pits. DDH BUF-13-21 intersected 3.13. g/t gold over 5.0 m (Northern Gold Mining Inc., press release July 30, 2013 and MD&A, filed November 8, 2013, with SEDAR®, see SEDAR® Home Page, 33p.)

19 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

Northern Gold Mining Inc. – Garrison Property

The Garrison property consists of 3 staked and 63 patented claims in north-central Garrison Township. The property spans the Destor–Porcupine Fault and hosts the Jonpol and Garrcon deposit, both with NI 43-101 resource estimates (see Table 8).

A new office and core logging facility were constructed during the year. Environmental baseline studies were continued on both the Garrcon and Jonpol properties.

Preliminary metallurgical testwork results on samples from the Jonpol deposit were released. Three composite samples of about 60 kg each were taken from composite drill core from the JD, RP and East zones. It was determined that the JD and Easts zones are free milling and respond well to gravity, direct cyanidation and flotation. The RP zone did not respond as well and contains a component of refractory ore.

Other work included stripping, grab and channel sampling 3 outcrops on the Lac Properties and 903 Zone.

On the Jonpol portion, a 20 hole 5984 m diamond drilling program was completed in 2013. Highlights include: DDH JP-13-09 intersected 6.37 g/t gold over 3.00m and DDH JP-13-27 intersected 5.23 g/t gold over 5.40 m. On the East Zone of the Jonpol deposit, a 34 hole 8370 m diamond drilling program was completed. Most of the drilling was completed in 2012. Highlights include DDH GAR-13-291 intersected 7.41 g/t gold over 6.5 m and DDH GAR-13-293 intersected 4.52 g/t gold over 20.0 m (Northern Gold Mining Inc., press releases, August 29, September 18 and 26 and October 10, 2013 and MD&A, filed November 8, 2013, with SEDAR®, see SEDAR® Home Page, 33p) Orefinders Resources Inc. – Mirado Property

Orefinders Resources Inc.’s Mirado project is centered on 12 key claims in Catharine and McElroy townships. These claims included a shaft and pit with historical productions of 10 231 ounces of gold.

The property was acquired late 2012 and since that time the company has completed a significant program that included 3D modelling using 40 000 m of historical diamond drill core, line cutting, magnetic and IP surveys, 12 049 m of diamond drilling in 40 drill holes, stripping and assays. Diamond drilling highlights include: DDH MD13-30 intersected 4.77 g/t gold over 192.0 m and DDH MD13-36 intersected 2.67 g/t gold over 9.90 m.

Late in 2013, the company released an NI 43-101 resource estimate of about 442 000 ounces of gold in all categories (see Table 8) (Orefinders Resources Inc., press releases, August 13 and December 9, 2013). Osisko Mining Corporation – Bidgood Project

Osisko Mining Corporation continued to diamond drill the Bidgood deposit in Lebel Township. In December, the company reported results from a diamond drill hole collared about 300 m northwest of the deposit. The company describes the mineralization as porphyry-style, similar to the company’s flagship Canadian Malartic Mine. DDH BG13-361 intersected 3.46 g/t (uncut) gold over 61.6 m (Osisko Mining Corporation, press release, December 4, 2013). SGX Resources Inc. – Grenfell Property

SGX Resources Inc. holds a 34 unit land package, consisting of 8 leased single unit claims and 3 staked claims, in northeast Grenfell Township. The property hosts a shaft sunk to the 250 foot level with some underground development (MDI42A01NE00104). SGX completed a 2035 m, 11 hole diamond drilling program. Seven holes tested geophysical or MMITM (Metal Mobile Ion) geochemical targets and 4 holes evaluated mineralization in the shaft area. Drilling in the shaft area indicated a potential for high-grade gold mineralization associated with northwest-trending structures, sometimes associated with porphyritic units. The holes drilled in the program were sub-parallel to this trend since the historical veins in the shaft area had a northeast-trend. DDH JS1312, one of the 4 holes in the shaft area, intersected 19.5 g/t gold over 1.00 m. DDH JS1303, located southwest of the shaft area, intersected 106 g/t gold over 0.22 m and contained visible gold (Filo 2013).

20 D.L. Guindon et al.

Temex Resources Corp. – Juby Property The Juby property is located in eastern Tyrrell Township along the northwest-trending Tyrrell Structural Zone. Temex Resources Corp. incorporated 2012-2013 diamond drilling results from the Golden Lake property into the Juby property resource estimate that was released in April 2013. The resource contains 3.2 million ounces in all categories (Temex Resources Corp., MD&A, filed January 27, 2014, with SEDAR®, see SEDAR® Home Page, 22p.) Temex Resources Corp. – Hydro Creek and Big Dome Property Temex Resources Corp. acquired a large land package, in and around Tyrrell Township, from Goldeye Explorations Limited in 2012. The Hydro Creek and Big Dome zones are located approximately 450 m apart and about 3 km northwest of the Juby deposit. Temex hired a consulting firm to complete an NI 43-101 resource estimate on the property. Diamond drill core was re-logged and additional samples collected and assayed. The resource estimate totalled over 783 000 ounces of gold in all categories (Temex Resources Corp., MD&A, filed January 27, 2014, with SEDAR®, see SEDAR® Home Page, 22p.) RESIDENT GEOLOGIST STAFF AND ACTIVITIES During 2013, staff at the Kirkland Lake’s Resident Geologist office consisted of Dave Guindon, P.Geo. Regional Resident Geologist; Gary Grabowski, P.Geo, District Geologist and Nazha Sabiri, District Geological Assistant. Eric Whyte was the Summer Experience Program student from May to August. The activities of the Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist office in 2013 are summarized in Table 5. D. Guindon conducted 19 property and 1 mine visits (see Figure 3), gave 4 field trips totalling 60 participants and updated 51 Mineral Deposit Inventory (MDI) records. He attended the NEOMMS in Sault Ste. Marie in April, presented a talk to the Northern Prospectors Association Annual General Meeting and St Andrew Goldfields exploration geologists on exploration activity in the district and assisted in preparing talks to NEOMMS, the North Bay Area Team in June and OEGS. G. Grabowski, who retired as of December 31, 2013, gave 5 field trips totalling 74 participants, performed 15 property visits and 1 mine visit (see Figure 3), attended the PDAC in Toronto, the CLRA symposium in Cobalt where he gave a talk and co-led the field trip, and OEGS. He also provided client services to 12 clients in Cobalt office during the field season. N. Sabiri processed 226 assessment files including donated files, updated 11 MDI records and worked on a project of creating digital versions of all assessment files in the Kirkland Lake office. To date, 2446 or 23% of all files have a digital back-up. She also attended the NEOMMS in Sault Ste Marie in April and the CLRA in Cobalt in June. E. Whyte scanned and printed about 25 theses borrowed from the Mines Library, either ones not previously known about or lost from the office library, scanned about 80 donated files, assisted on property visits and other office duties.

Table 5. Summary of activities of the Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist Office in 2013. Activity Number Office Visits 1134 Telephone Inquiries 635 Properties Visited 26 Field Trips Attended 2 Field Trips Given 6 Talks Given 3 Assessment Files and Donations Processed 219 Titles Added to Library Database 42 Drill Holes Added to Drill Core Library 35 MDI Records Updated 29 MDI Records Deleted 12 MDI Records Added 1

21 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

PROPERTY VISITS

During 2013, staff at the Kirkland Lake Resident Geologist office visited 26 properties (see Figure 3, Table 6). Leckie Gold Developed Prospect with Reserves

The Leckie deposit (MDI31M04SW00090) is located in central Strathy Township about 3 km north of the town of Temagami. The property consists of 2 patented and 10 unpatented claims and straddles Hwy 11 and it is held by Stroud Resources Ltd.

Gold was first discovered on the property in 1900 on what is now known as the No. 2 zone (Little Dan) along the east shore of Arsenic Lake. Pitting and trenching was completed and a 56-foot shaft (591332E 5216192N) was sunk to explore for underground mineralization. About 270 tons of ore was shipped from the property in 1909. In 1933 a 2-compartment shaft (591298E 5216308N) was sunk on the No. 1 zone to a depth of 525 feet. Diamond drilling tested this zone in 1934 with 11 holes. Between 1985 and 1996, Lacana Mining Corporation and Stroud Resources Ltd. completed prospecting, geophysics and 63 483 feet of diamond drilling. Another shaft, located on the No. 3 zone (591200E 5215902N) was sunk to 50 feet. Wabana Explorations Inc. completed an airborne geophysical survey in 1995.

The property is underlain by east-northeast-trending tholeiitic mafic to intermediate volcanic rocks metamorphosed to greenschist facies. The metavolcanic flows are mainly massive with some pillowed units. The property is part of the Temagami greenstone belt, an Archean inlier surrounded by Huronian Supergroup sedimentary rocks (Bennett 1978, Brons 1989, Ayer et al. 2006). Near the mineralization, the mafic volcanic rocks display a well-developed diabasic texture. Underground development identified quartz porphyry.

Mineralization in the No. 1 zone is located in a vein zone striking about 165° and dipping between 50° and 60° to the west. The zone is fractured quartz in silicified volcanic rocks mineralized with pyrite, arsenopyrite and chalcopyrite. The No. 2 zone is located to the west and joins the No. 1 zone at depth (Savage 1935). Quartz-rich veins range from about 0.5 to 4 feet in thickness. The zone has been drilled to a depth of 1000 feet and has a strike length of at least 1000 feet. The north-northwest-trending fracture zone is referred to as the Penrose Fault (Brons 1989). Stroud Resources Ltd. reports that a resource estimate was calculated in 1996 using the criteria at the time. The results were 348 240 tons grading 0.203 ounce per ton (opt) gold of “probable ore” and 57 237 tons grading 0.173 opt gold of “possible ore”. These resource estimates are not NI 43-101 compliant. Grabs samples of arsenide and pyrite rich mineralization in mafic volcanic rocks and sulphides in quartz veins hosted in mafic volcanic rocks assayed in excess of 5 g/t gold.

Stroud Resources Ltd.’s longitudinal section of the gold mineralization at the Leckie Project, diagram on their website http://www.stroudresourcesltd.com suggests potential for expansion of the resource to depth and along strike. Additional zones of mineralization may exist associated with the Penrose Fault to the south. New facilities for dealing with refractory ore are becoming available nearby that may enhance the economics of the project. Kanichee Past Producing Mine with Reserves

The Kanichee past producing mine (MDI31M04SW00022) is located in west-central Strathy Township (587596E 5217351N) about 6.5 km northwest of the town of Temagami. The property was originally staked in 1910 and a patent was granted in 1915. The property was explored intermittently between 1915 and 2008 by trenching, diamond drilling, open pit, shaft development, bulk sampling and later ground geophysics.

The geology of the deposit is described by Bennett (1978) and Good (1989). The property area is underlain by northeast-trending south facing felsic to mafic metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks. The Kanichee intrusion is about 1070 m long and 760 m wide and is composed predominantly of layered olivine plus clinopyroxene cumulate rocks. The study by Good (1989) indicates that the magma is of komatiitic affinity and HREE- and Al2O3 depleted. It intruded interlayered conglomerate and calc-alkalic metavolcanic flows and pyroclastic rocks near the top of the Lower Volcanic Group. The intrusion contains layers ranging in composition from dunite to clinopyroxenite. A thin layer of gabbro is present at the contact with the surrounding metavolcanic rocks. The layering of the intrusion

22 D.L. Guindon et al.

Figure 3. Property visits conducted in the Kirkland Lake District in 2013 (keyed to Table 6).

23 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

Table 6. Property visits conducted by the Kirkland Lake Resident Geologist and staff in 2013 (keyed to Figure 3).

Number Property/Occurrence MDI Number Township 1 Big Dan MDI31M04SW00023 Strathy 2 Bonsall MDI41P10NE00030 Haultain 3 Brady Lake MDI31M05SE00020 Coleman 4 Buffonta MDI32D05NW00009 Garrison 5 Buffonta #6 MDI32D05NW00187 Garrison 6 Castle-Trethewey MDI41P10NE00023 Haultain 7 Claim T20321 MDI31M05SE00122 Gilles Limit 8 Cummins MDI31M05SE00136 Gilles Limit 9 Deerhorn MDI31M05NE00038 Coleman 10 Fidelity MDI42A01SE00150 Teck 11 Hounslow MDI31M13NW00007 Catharine 12 Jonpol MDI32D12SW00044 Garrison 13 Kanichee1 MDI31M04SW00022 Strathy 14 Karol Lake Carbonatite MDI31M04SW00079 Strathcona 15 Leckie1 MDI31M04SW00090 Strathy 16 McGarry N/A Gilles Limit 17 Milleret MDI41P10NE00031 Haultain 18 Minto MDI41P10NW00006 Tyrrell 19 Otisse MDI41P09NW00010 Mickle 20 Patented Claim N/A Catharine 21 Professor MDI31M05SE00117 Gilles Limit 22 Sherman MDI31M04SW00025 Strathy 23 Silver Lake Resources MDI41P09NW00031 Mickle 24 South of Jessie Lake MDI31M04SW00075 Strathcona 25 United Asbestos MDI41P14NE00013 Midlothian 26 Young-Davidson MDI41P15NE00014 Powell 1Described in "Property Examinations" section, this report. N/A – Does not meet the minimum requirements for an MDI. faces southeast, strikes about northeast and dips steeply to the south. The intrusion itself plunges to the southeast. Copper-nickel-precious metal mineralization is concentrated in vein sulphides at the north end or base of the intrusion.

Production occurred in 1936 when the Cuniptau Mines Development Company milled 3318 tons of ore from an open pit and underground to produce 99 284 pounds of copper, 65 434 pounds of nickel, 37.0 ounces of gold, 910.0 ounces of silver, 82.7 ounces of platinum and 196.3 ounces of palladium. Kanichee Mining Corporation produced 1404 t of copper and 617 t of nickel from 251 437 t of ore between 1974 and 1975 from the open pit. Precious and platinum group metal production is not available.

Good (1989) noted 4 settings for Fe-Ni-Cu sulphide mineralization: 1) sulphide-carbonate-quartz or sulphide- carbonate-talc-serpentine veins filling joints or faults, predominantly in the base or north end of the intrusion, 2) disseminated, fine to coarse bleb sulphides within the halo of the joint or fault mineralization, 3) fine disseminated net-textured sulphides within the peridotite at the base of the intrusion and 4) trace amounts of fine disseminated sulphides within the peridotitic cycles away from the ore and associated with alteration.

Sulphides associated with the veins (Type 1) are chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, pentlandite, and minor pyrite, sphalerite, galena, mackinawite, violarite and covellite. Type 2 sulphides consist of chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, pentlandite and pyrite. Type 3 sulphides consist of pyrrhotite, pentlandite and chalcopyrite. Type 4 sulphides consist of pyrrhotite, pentlandite and chalcopyrite.

On the periphery of the pit, a few veins of Type 1 mineralization are exposed in pyroxenite near the contact with

24 D.L. Guindon et al.

calc-alkalic basalt. A 10 cm wide sulphide vein (Type 1), striking at 105° with a near vertical dip was sampled. The vein appears to be composed chiefly of pyrrhotite with about 15% chalcopyrite. Assays for precious-PGE metals returned 2.1 g/t gold, 10.6 g/t platinum and greater than 5.0 g/t palladium. A nearby fracture in pyroxenite with malachite staining returned 0.4 g/t gold, 0.6 g/t platinum and 1.5 g/t palladium. A sample of unmineralized pyroxenite returned less than 6 ppb gold, 19 ppb platinum and 20 ppb palladium. RECOMMENDATION FOR EXPLORATION

Temagami Area

The discovery of mineralized rocks, claim staking and exploration has been going on in the Temagami area since the early 1900s. Prospectors came to the area when it was opened up for lumbering and the development of the railway from North Bay to Cochrane. The area has also had its share of producing mines, both large and small, and a variety of commodities. These included iron ore from the Sherman Mine (MDI31M04SW00025), copper, gold silver and nickel from the Temagami Copper Mine (MDI41I16NE00004), copper, nickel, gold and PGE from the Kanichee Mine (MDI31M04SW00022). The area also contains a number of properties with historic resources. These include the Diadem (MDI31M04SW00077), a Cu-Ni deposit, the Cominco South (MDI31M04SW00021) gold deposit, the Leckie (MDI31M04SW00090) gold deposit and the Kokoko (MDI31M04SW00096) iron deposit.

Exploration in the area has challenges, past and present. Not all of the land is open to exploration and other parts have special requirements for exploration. Temagami Lake is an attractive tourist region resulting in the potential for stakeholder conflict. Portions of the area are overlain by thick sequences of Huronian Supergroup sedimentary rocks, creating exploration challenges and the area of the Temagami greenstone belt that is exposed is relatively small. Over the past 15 years only about $5 million of assessment work has been approved for the Temagami Lake region.

Fyon and Crocket (1986) published a report on the mineral potential in the Strathy Township portion of the area. They identified volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) potential of copper-zinc mineralization based on felsic vents, sulphide rich clasts in subaqueous pyroclastic rocks, low base metal values in stratabound zones near the vents and distinctive rare-earth element patterns in felsic pyroclastic rocks. A subsequent discovery of mineralization with VMS characteristics (Hook property) was made in northern Strathy and Best townships (Guindon et al. 2012). Many of the gold occurrences display a strong structural control. The linear and apparent structural control of the gold occurrences and deposits was also noted by Bennett (1978). A vein copper-gold mineral occurrence was discovered in northern Strathy Township (Owaissa property). Mineralization is related to Nipissing Diabase dikes.

The Northeast Arm Deformation Zone and a band of volcanic and mafic intrusive rocks underlie and parallel the Northeast Arm of the lake. The volcanic rocks host the Temagami Copper Mine that contain elevated gold and PGE levels in the high grade copper ore. The mafic intrusive rocks contain copper-nickel mineralization with elevated PGE values (Meyer et al. 2000, Meyer at al. 2001, Guindon et al. 2010).

The Sherman Mine was an iron ore producer for close to 30 years. About 1 million tons of pelts were produced yearly and shipped to Hamilton by rail. The mine closed about 1991 due to the drop in iron prices and declining reserves. The Kokoko (MDI31M04SW00096) property is located west of the mine in Cynthia Township. An in- house estimate in 1964 placed the resources at 93.7 million tons of 25% iron or 37 million tons of concentrate at 64% iron.

Diamond exploration has taken place in the area over the past 30 years since the discovery of diamondiferous kimberlite pipes in the New Liskeard area, with only limited exploration in the past 5 or so years. In January 2005, both Temex Resources Corp. and Tres-Or Resources Ltd. reported the recovery of an alluvial diamond in the Temagami area (Temex Resources Corp., press release, January 17, 2005 and Tres-Or Resources Ltd., press release, January 31, 2005).

The area contains favourable geology, past producing mines, deposits with resources and limited modern exploration, it deserves another look.

25 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

Table 7. Publications received in the Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist Office in 2013.

Title and Year Author Type and Publication (our publication number) Report of Activities, 2012- Resident Geologist Atkinson, B.T., Bousquet, P., Pace, A., Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report Program-Timmins Regional Resident Geologist Debicki, R.L., Grabowski, G.P.B., 6286, 126p. (106287) Report: Timmins and Sault Ste. Marie Districts, Lockwood, H.C., Wilson, A.C., Halet, 2013 S.E., Larche, C., McMillan, R. and Draper, D.M. Summary of Field Work and Other Activities Beakhouse, G.P. Ontario Geological Survey, OFR 6290 2013, 2013 (106290) Ore petrography, carbonate alteration and Bell, C.C. Unpublished B.Sc. Thesis, McMaster geochemistry of the McBean Mine, Larder Lake, University, Hamilton, Ontario, 92p. (120013) Ontario, 1987 Mineralogy, petrology and geochemistry of Clegg, M. Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, University of alkaline metavolcanic rocks and related gold Western Ontario, London, Ontario (120151) mineralisation in the Kirkland Lake area, NE Ontario, Canada 1995 Report of Activities, 2012- Resident Geologist Guindon, D.L., Farrow, D.G., Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report Program-Timmins Kirkalnd Lake Resident Grabowski, G.P.B., Debicki, R.L., 6287, 117p. (106287) Geologist Report: Kirkalnd Lake and Sudbury Lockwood, H.C., Wilson, A.C., Halet, Districts 2013 S.E., Bardeggia, L.A. and Sabiri, N. Roquemaure Township Abitibi West County 1972 Eakins, P. R. Quebec Department of Natural Resources,- Mines Branch- Mineral Deposits Service- Geological Report-150 (145022) Geochemistry And Petrogenesis Of Unaltered And Fan, J. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, University of Altered Volcanic Sequences In The Southern Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan , Abitibi Greenstone Belt 1995 381p. (120143) Controls on the localization of mineralization in Fu, Xiuyin Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, Dalhousie Abitibi Greenstone belt crust: evidence from the University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, 159p. Matheson area of Ontario, Canada 1992 (120021) Study of fluid inclusions in hydrothermal veins at Gallimore, N.J. Unpublished B.Sc. Thesis, University of Macassa and Lake Shore mines, Kirkland Lake, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, 79p. (120027) Ontario 1988 Magmatic-hydrothermal and wall rock alteration at Hicks, K.D. Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, University of the Lake Shore gold deposit, Kirkland Lake, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, 197p. (120035) Ontario 1990 A petrogenic model for the Archaean Abitibi belt Jensen, L.S. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of in the Kirkland Lake area, Ontario 1981 Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, 520p. (120048) Geochemistry and petrogenesis of the McElroy Kimmerly, C.T. Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, Brock University, and Larder Lake assemblages, Abitibi greenstone St. Catharines, Ontario, 142p. (120053) belt, Northeastern Ontario 1992 Report of Acitivities, 2012- Resident Geologist Lichtblau, A.F, Ravnaas, C., Storey, Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report Program- Red Lake Regional Resident Geologist C.C., Debicki, R.L., Lockwood, H.C, 6283, 132p. (106283) Report: Red Lake and Kenora Districts 2012 Tuomi, R.D., Zurevinski, S.E., Moses, P. and Bongfeldt, J. Geology, structure and gold mineralization within Luinstra, B.R. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of the Porcupine-Destor Deformation Zone, Harker- Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, 171p. (120056) Holloway gold camp, Southwestern Abitibi GB, Canada 2003 Syenite-hosted gold mineralization and Martin, R.D. MSc. Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2012, hydrothermal alteration at the Young-Davidson 188p. (120144) deposit, Matachewan, Ontario 2012 Biogeochemical survey over kimberlites in the McClenaghan, M.B and Dunn, C.E. Geological Survey of Canada, Open File Kirkland Lake area, northeastern Ontario 1995 3005 (119179) Quaternary geology and geochemical exploration McClenaghan, M.B. Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, Queen's in the Matheson area, Northeastern Ontario 1989 University, Kingston, Ontario, 206p. (120152)

26 D.L. Guindon et al.

Title and Year Author Type and Publication (our publication number) An integrated geological, geochemical and McRoberts, G.D. Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, McMaster petrogenetic study of a part of the Archean Larder University, Hamilton, Ontario, 386p. Lake group at the Adams Mine, Northeastern (120153) Ontario 1986 A new hypothesis to explain water-level control in Menard, G.J. Unpublished B.Sc. Thesis, Carleton proglacial Lake Barlow-Ojibway 1976 University, Ottawa, Ontario, 33p. (120154) Stable Isotopes and XRD Investigation of Gold Naderi, N. Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, The University of Mineralization at the Syenite-Hosted Young- Western Ontario, London, Ontario, 169p Davidson Deposit, Matachewan, Ontario 2013 (120141) AM Survey, shaded colour image of the second Ontario Geological Survey Ontario Geological Survey, Map 60 419, vertical derivative of the grad-enhanced residual 1:50 000 (460419) Mag field & Keating coefficients, Latchford Area. 2013 AM & AEM Surveys- Colour-filled contours of Ontario Geological Survey Ontario Geological Survey, Map 60 413, the gradient-enhanced residual mag field and EM 1:20 000 (460413) anomalies, Latchford (Banting-Chambers) area 2013 Airborne Mag and EM. Surveys, colour-filled Ontario Geological Survey Ontario Geological Survey, Map 60 414, contours of the EM decay constant and EM 1:20 000 (460414) anomalies, Latchford (Banting-Chambers) . 2013 AM & AEM Surveys, shaded colour image of the Ontario Geological Survey Ontario Geological Survey, Map 60 415, second vertical derivative of the grad-enhanced 1:20 000 (460415) residual M field & Keating coefficients, Latchford Area 2013 Airborne Magnetic Survey, colour-filled contours Ontario Geological Survey Ontario Geological Survey, Map 60 416, of the gradient enhanced residual magnetic field, 1:50 000 (460416) Latchford Area. 2013 Airborne Magnetic Survey, colour-filled contours Ontario Geological Survey Ontario Geological Survey, Map 60 417, of the gradient enhanced residual magnetic field, 1:50 000 (460417) Latchford Area. 2013 AM Survey, shaded colour image of the second Ontario Geological Survey Ontario Geological Survey, Map 60 418, vertical derivative of the grad-enhanced residual 1:50 000 (460418) Mag field & Keating coefficients, Latchford Area. 2013 Report of Activities, 2012 Resident Geologist Sangster, P.J., LeBaron, P.S., Ontario Geological Survey Open File Report Program Southern Ontario Regional Resident Charbonneau, S.J., Laidlaw, D.A., 6288, 78p. (106288) Geologist Report: SE, SW Ont Districts & Wilson, A.C., Carter, T.R. and Fortner, Petroleum Operations 2013 L. Genesis of Polymetallic Mineralization and the Potter, E. G. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, Carleton Metallogeny of the Paleoproterozoic Cobalt University, Ottawa, Ontario, 353p (120140) Embayment, Northern Ontario 2009 The definition, distribution and origin of Préfontaine, S Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis Laurentian hydrothermal alteration assemblages associated University, Sudbury, Ontario (120150) with the Potter volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit… 2012 Precambrian Geology , Midlothian Township 2013 Préfontaine, S. and Robichaud, L. Ontario Geological Survey, Preliminary Map P.3772, 1:20,000 (403772) Report of Acitivities, 2012- Resident Geologist Puumala, M.A., Campbell, D.A., Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report Program- Thunder Bay South Regional Resident Cundari, R., Zurevinski, S.,Tuomi, 6285, 67p. (106285) Geologist Report:Thunder Bay South District 2012 R.,Lockwood, H., Debicki, R.,Moses, P.,Brunelle, M. & Pelaia, R. Petrology of Archean diamondiferous and non- Séjourné, B. Unpublished B.Sc. Thesis, University of diamondiferous lamprophyres in the Kirkland Lake Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, 40p. (120142) and Cobalt areas, Ontario 2009 Investigation of Hydrothermal Alteration Sredojevic, T Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, The University of Processes in the Troodos Ophiolite and the Abitibi Western Ontario, London, Ontario, 346p. Greenstone Belt 2012 (120139) Geochemical Signature of Komatiites and Origin Suma-Momoh, J. Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, Saint Mary's of the Stoughton-Roquemaure Group, Abitibi University, Windsor, Nova Scotia (120145) Greenstone Belt, Canada 2006

27 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

Title and Year Author Type and Publication (our publication number) Uranium-lead geochronology of detrital zircon van Breemen, O. and Ayer, J.A. Geological Survey of Canada, Current grains from bedded greywacke, Sangster Research 2010-5, 6p. (15305) Township, Abitibi greenstone belt, Ontario 2010 Garnet Peridotite Xenoliths From Kimberlite Near Vicker, P.A. Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, University of Kirkland Lake, Canada 1997 Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, 138p. (120147) Diamondiferous Mass-Flow and Traction Current Wendland, C. Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, Lakehead Deposits in a Neoarchean Fan Delta, Wawa Area, University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, 136p. Superior Province 2010 (120146) Report of Acitivities, 2012- Resident Geologist White, G.D., Cundari, R.M., Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report Program- Thunder Bay North Regional Resident Lockwood, H.C, Tuomi, R.D , Debicki, 6284, 62p. (106284) Geologist Report:Thunder Bay North District 2012 R.L., Moses, P. & Zurevinski, S.E Post-Timiskaming structural history of the Larder Wilkinson, L. Unpublished M.Sc. thesis, University of Lake-Cadillac Deformation Zone, southwestern Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, 155p. (120092) Abitibi belt, Ontario. 1993 Trace Element Systematics of Mafic-Ultramafic Xie, Q. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, University of Volcanic Rocks From The Archean Abitibi Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Greenstone Belt, Canada: Implication for 241p. (120148) Chemical Evolution … 1996 The Origin and Evolution of North American Zurevinski, S. E. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, University of Kimberlites 2009 Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, 335p. (120149)

Table 8. Mineral deposits not being mined in the Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist District in 2013.

Abbreviations AF ...... Assessment Files MDIR ...... Mineral Deposit Inventory record AR ...... Annual Report MLS ...... Mining Lands, Sudbury CAMH ...... Canadian and American Mines Handbook MR ...... Mining Recorder CMH...... Canadian Mines Handbook NM ...... The Northern Miner GR ...... Geological Report OFR ...... Open File Report MD&A ...... Management Discussion & Analysis PC ...... Personal communication MDC...... Mineral Deposit Circular [No.15–] PR ……………………………………………...…..Press Release ...... [formerly Mineral Resources Circular, No.1-14]

Deposit Name Commodity Tonnage-Grade Estimates and/or Ownership Reserve Status (Township) MDI No. Dimensions References References* 180 East (Lebel) Au Historic indicated resource 327 000 t @ Osisko Mining Queenston Mining Inactive 32D04SW00336 4.1 g/t Au Corporation (PR Inc., website, December 28, 2012) February 4, 2013 Adams Mine Fe Historic resource of 19 398 300 t @ N/A N/A Inactive (Boston, Lebel) 32D04SW00013 about 26% iron Amalgamated Au Indicated Mineral Resource : 1 145 000 t Osisko Mining Queenston Mining Active Kirkland (Teck) 42A01NE00184 @ 4.70 g/t Au Corporation (PR Inc., PR Inferred Mineral Resource : 1 530 000 t December 28, 2012) September 9, 2011 @ 4.21 g/t Au Barber Larder Au Historic resource: 60 000 tons of 0.16 oz Kerr Mines Inc. CMH 1990-1991, Inactive (McGarry) 32D04SE00043 per ton Au (75%) – Jubilee Gold p.416-417 Inc. (25%) (CMH 2012-2013, p.72) Bear Lake Au Inferred Mineral Resource : 3 750 000 t Bear Lake Gold Ltd. Bear Lake Gold Inactive (McGarry) 32D04SE00077 @ 5.67 g/t Au (CMH 2012-2013, Ltd., PR June 29, p.105-106) 2011 Bidgood Au Indicated Mineral Resource - pit: Osisko Mining Queenston Mining Active (Lebel) 32D04SW00073 1 447 000 t @ 2.47 g/t Au Corporation (PR Inc., PR October Indicated Mineral Resource – U/G: December 28, 2012) 17, 2011 43 000 t @ 7.05 g/t Au Inferred Mineral Resource - pit: 246 000 t @ 2.88 g/t Au Inferred Mineral Resource – U/G: 136 000 t @ 7.52

28 D.L. Guindon et al.

Deposit Name Commodity Tonnage-Grade Estimates and/or Ownership Reserve Status (Township) MDI No. Dimensions References References* Blue Quartz Au Historic (1962) McLaren Resources Red Mile Minerals Active (Beatty) 42A09SW00130 128 000 tons of 0.86 oz per ton Au Inc. (50%)-Red Mile Corp. NI 43-101 Minerals Corp. report, September (50%)(CMH 2012- 21, 2010 2013, p.557) Buffonta Au Historic resource: 400 000 tons of 0.15 Northern Gold CMH 1997-1998, Active (Garrison) 32D05NW00009 oz per ton Au Mining Inc., PR p.221 September 6, 2012 Cheminis Au Indicated Mineral Resource: 335 000 t @ Bear Lake Gold Ltd. Bear Lake Gold Inactive (McVittie) 32D04SE00019 4.07 g/t Au (CMH 2012-2013, Ltd., PR June 29, Inferred Mineral Resource: 1 391 000 t p.105-106) 2011 @ 5.22 g/t Au Clenor (Strathy) Au, Ag Historic resource: 24 000 tons of 0.21 oz Gwen Resources Ltd. GR 163 Inactive 31M04SW00088 per ton Au, 1.8 oz per ton Ag (CMH 1997-98, p.220) Commodore Au Historic resource: 738 000 tons of 0.07 Osisko Mining AF KL-4447 Inactive (Lebel) 32D04SW00039 oz per ton Au inferred with a higher Corporation (PR grade zone of 307 000 tons of 0.11 oz Au December 28, 2012) per ton inferred Creek Zone Au Indicated Resource Stroud Resources CMH 2012-2013, Inactive (Hislop) 42A08NW00142 483 500 t @ 6.61 g/t Au Ltd. (CMH 2012- p.547 Inferred Resource 2013, p.547) 367 700 t @ 5.90 g/t Au Diadem Cu, Ni Historic resource: 450 000 tons of 0.5% Temex Resources MDIR N 0045 Inactive (Strathcona) 31M04SW00077 Cu, 0.1% Ni to 400 feet Corp. (CMH 2007- 2008, p.560-561) Duggan Zone Au Historic resource: 1 114 000 tons of 0.07 Creso Exploration George Cross Active (Knight) 41P11NE000023 oz per ton Au Inc. (CMH 2012- Newsletter Ltd., 2013, p.197) No 39, February 25, 1997 Eastmaque Au Historic resource: 2 132 500 tons of Hecla Mining CMH 1991-1992, Inactive (Teck) 42A01NE00043 tailings of 0.035 oz per ton Au Company p.142 (Eastmaque to Equinox Resources Ltd to Hecla in 1994) (CMH 2007-2008, p.292-293) Fenn-Gib Au Indicated Mineral Resource – pit: 40.8 Lake Shore Gold Lake Shore Gold Inactive (Guibord) 42A08SE00121 million t @ 0.99 g/t Au Corp. (CHM 2012- Corp., PR Inferred Mineral Resource – pit: 23.3 2013, p.387-388) November 17, million t @ 0.90 g/t Au 2011 Inferred Mineral Resource – out of pit: 1.2 million t @ 1.90 g/t Au Fort Knox Cu, Ni Indicated Resource: 1 020 000 t @ Prophecy Platinum CMH 2012-2013, Inactive (Fawcett) 41P11SE00074 0.71% Ni, 0.36% Cu , 0.02% Co Corp. (CMH 2012- p.540-541 2013, p.540-541) Inferred Resource: 1 490 000 t @ 0.67% Ni, 0.36% Cu, 0.03% Co Garrcon Au Measured Mineral Resource (<200m): Northern Gold Northern Gold Active (Garrison) 32D12SW00051 16 400 000 t @ 1.04 g/t Au Mining Inc. (CMH Mining Inc. PR Indicated Mineral Resource (<200m): 2012-2013, p.480) June 5, 2012 9 230 000 t @ 0.92 g/t Au Inferred Mineral Resource (<200m): 4 450 000 t @ 0.67 g/t Au Measured Mineral Resource (>200m): 1 240 000 t @ 1.41 g/t Au Indicated Mineral Resource (>200m): 11 600 000 t @ 1.06 g/t Au Inferred Mineral Resource (>200m): 11 330 000 t @ 0.75 g/t Au

29 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

Deposit Name Commodity Tonnage-Grade Estimates and/or Ownership Reserve Status (Township) MDI No. Dimensions References References* Grey Fox Au Indicated Mineral Resource – pit: Brigus Gold Corp. Brigus Gold Corp. Active (Hislop) 000000001430 3 041 500 @ 2.6 g/t Au (CMH 2012-2013, PR July 2, 2013 000000001431 Indicated Mineral Resources – U/G: p.123-124) 000000001616 1 275 000 t @ 6.2 g/t Au Inferred Mineral Resource – pit: 488 900 t @ 2.8 g/t Au Inferred Mineral Resources – U/G: 1 025 100 t @ 5.6 g/t Au Golden Harker Au Historic resource (1988) 241 436 tons of Jubilee Gold Inc. CMH 2010-2011, Active (Harker, 32D05NW00159 0.178 oz per ton Au (CMH 2012-2013, p.329 Holloway) p.367-368) Golden Highway Au Indicated Mineral Resource (pit) : Moneta Porcupine Moneta Porcupine Active (Michaud) 42A08NE00030 30 000 000 t @ 1.01 g/t Au Mines Inc. (CMH Mines Inc., PR 42A08NE00038 Inferred Mineral Resource (pit) : 2012-2013, p.445- October 25, 2012 42A08NE00158 71 627 000 t @ 0.86 g/t Au 446) 42A08NE00175 Indicated Mineral Resource (out of pit): 42A08NE00036 1 080 000 t @ 3.29 g/t Au Inferred Mineral Resource (out of pit): 11 684 000 t @ 3.28 g/t Au Gowganda Silver Ag Indicated Mineral Resource: 1 937 520 t Temex Resources Goldeye Active (Haultain) 41P10NE00009 @ 47.5 g/t Ag Corp. (PR November Explorations Ltd., 23, 2012) PR November 5, 2002 Hare Lake Au Historic resource: 600 000 t @ 6 g/t Au Temex Resources (Tyrrell) 41P11NE00024 Corp. (CMH 2012- 2013, p.662-663) Hydro Creek Au Indicated Mineral Resource: 1 290 000 t Temex Resources Temex Resources Active Big Dome new @ 1.28 g/t Au Corp. (PR November Corp., PR January (Tyrrell) New Inferred Mineral Resource: 22 010 000 t 23, 2012) 15, 2014 @ 1.04 g/t Au Iris (Harker) Au, W Historic resource: 769 756 tons of 0.07 The Alberta Gold AF KL-3170 Inactive 32D05NW00021 oz per ton Au Corporation (55%) – Perrex Resources Inc. (45%) (CMH 1995- 96, p.289) Jonpol (Garrison) Au Indicated Mineral Resource: 253 100 t @ Northern Gold Northern Gold Active 32D12SW00044 7.77 g/t Au Mining Inc. (CMH Mining Inc. PR Inferred Mineral Resource: 1 555 800 t 2012-2013, p.480) June 5, 2012 @ 4.93 g/t Juby (Tyrrell) Au Indicated Mineral Resource Temex Resources Temex Resorces Active 41P10SW00013 25 300 000 t @ 1.28 g/t Au Corp. (CMH 2012- Corp. PR April 29, Inferred Mineral Resource 2013, p.662-663) 2013 74 200 000 t @ 0.91 g/t Au Kanichee Cu, Ni, Au, Ag, Historic drill proven + indicated resource Prophecy Coal Corp. CMH 2006-2007, Inactive (Strathy) PGE 2 062 505 tons of 0.412% Cu, 0.257% Ni (55%) (CMH 2011- p. 323 31M04SW00022 2012, P.513-514) Kerr-Addison Au Proven + Probable Reserves Kerr Mines Inc. Armistice Inactive (McGarry) 32D04SE00011 771 000 tons @ 0.110 oz per ton Au (option agreement Resources Corp., (84 500 oz Au) with private owners) December 23, Possible Reserves (CMH 2012-2013, 2010 1 299 000 tons @ 0.124 oz per ton Au p.72) (161 800 oz Au) Additional Mineral Inventory 3 051 000 tons @ 0.150 oz per ton Au 457 600 oz Au Kerrs Au Inferred Mineral Resource: 7 041 460 t Foundation PR November 14, Inactive (Kerrs) New @ 1.71 g/t Au Resources Inc. (CMH 2012 2012-2013, p.270- 271)

30 D.L. Guindon et al.

Deposit Name Commodity Tonnage-Grade Estimates and/or Ownership Reserve Status (Township) MDI No. Dimensions References References* Leckie (Strathy) Au Historic probable ore 348 240 tons @ Stroud Resources CMH 2000-2001, Inactive 31M04SW00090 0.20 ounce per ton Au Ltd. (CMH 2012- p.372 Historic possible 57 237 tons @ 0.17 2013, p.547) ounce per ton Au Ludgate Au Historic resource: 462 000 t of 5.91 g/t St Andrew NM, February 1, Inactive (Michaud, 42A08NE00159 Au Goldfields Ltd. (St 1999, p.2. Guibord, Andrew Goldfields Garrison) Ltd., website, February 4, 2013) Martin-Bird Au Historic resource: 558 000 tons of 0.114 Barrick Gold AF KL-3752 Inactive (Hearst) 32D04SE00143 oz per ton Au Corporation (CMH 2007-2008, p.87-91) Matona (Tyrrell) Au Historic: 27 000 t @ 13.2 g/t Au Creso Exploration AF Active 41P11NE00014 Inc. (CMH 2012- 2013, p.197) McBean-Anoki Au Measured + indicated Mineral Resource Osisko Mining Queenston Mining Inactive (Gauthier) 32D04SW00060 1 436 000 t @ 4.69 g/t Au Corporation (PR Inc., PR December 32D04SW00069 Inferred Mineral Resource December 28, 2012) 16, 2009 1 558 000 t @ 4.73 g/t Au McGarry Au Indicated Mineral Resource: 492 000 Kerr Mines Inc. Armistice Active (McGarry) 32D04SE00013 tons @ 0.23 ounce/ton Au (75%) – Jubilee Gold Resources Corp., Inferred Mineral Resources: 172 000 Inc. (25%) (CMH NI 43-101, tons @ 0.17 ounce/ton Au 2012-2013, p.72) September 2011 Mikwam Au Inferred Mineral Resource 1 810 000 t @ Alpha Exploration Alpha Exploration Active (Noseworthy) 32E05NE00004 2.34 g/t Au Inc. (CMH 2012- Inc. PR 2013, p. 39-40) Minto (Tyrrell) Au Historic resource: 225 000 tons of 0.20 Creso Exploration AF Active 41P10NW00006 oz per ton Au to 750 feet Inc. (CMH 2012- 2013, p.197) Mirado Au Inferred Mineral Resource Orefinder Resources Orefinder Active (Catharine) 32D04SW00004 (pit) 9 927 000 t at 1.18 g/t Au Inc.. PR December 9. Resources Inc.. PR (UG) 669 000 t @ 2.90 g/t Au 2013 December 9. 2013 (N Pile) 23 000 t @ 4.71 g/t Au (Cen. Pile) 4 000 t @ 5.38 g/t Au (S Pile) 5 000 t @ 2.74 g/t Au Omega Au Indicated Mineral Resource (<130masl): Mistango River Mistango River Active (McVittie) 32D04SE00017 4 920 000 t @ 1.39 g/t Au Resources Inc. (CMH Resources Inc., PR Indicated Mineral Resource (>130masl): 2012-2013, p.443- July 10, 2013 3 000 t @ 3.19 g/t Au 444) Inferred Mineral Resource (<130masl): 3 350 000 t @ 1.80 g/t Au Inferred Mineral Resources (>130masl) : 1 340 000 t @ 4.00 g/t Au Potter (Munro) Cu, Zn, Ag, Au, Indicated Mineral Resource: Millstream Mines CMH 2012-2013, Inactive Co 3 028 767 t @ 1.45% Cu, 1.19% Zn, Ltd. (CMH 2012- p.436 42A09SE00015 389.7 ppm Co, 11.1 ppm Ag, 127.5 ppb 2013, p.436) Au Inferred Mineral Resources: 2 071 101 t @ 1.08% Cu, 1.05% Zn, 301.4 ppm Co, 8.7 ppm Ag, 81.7 ppb Au Ramp Property Au Historic resource: 813 414 tons of 0.235 Globex Mining Globex Mining Inactive (Beatty, Carr, 42A09SW00133 ounce per ton Au Enterprises Inc. Enterprises Inc. Coulson, Wilkie) (Globex Mining web site 2002 Enterprises Inc., website, February 4, 2012) Ross (Hislop) Au Historic resource: 1 055 000 tons of Eastway International CMH 1989-1990, Inactive 42A08NW00005 0.125 oz per ton Au Inc. p.188

31 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

Deposit Name Commodity Tonnage-Grade Estimates and/or Ownership Reserve Status (Township) MDI No. Dimensions References References* Ryan Lake Cu, Mo Indicated Mineral Resource: Pacific Comox CMH 2012-2013, Inactive (Powell) 41P15NE00015 5 969 917 t @ 0.34% Cu, 0.039% Resources Ltd. p.505 Mo, 0.09 g/t Au and 5.0 g/t Ag (CMH 2012-2013, p.505) Sherman Mine Fe 5 years open pit reserves at time of mine N/A Northern Daily Inactive (Chambers, 31M04SW00025 closure. Underground resources News, March 7, Strathcona, unknown. 1989 Strathy) Stairs Au Historic: to 500 foot level Teck Resources MDC 18, p158- Inactive (Midlothian) 41P14NE00011 Proven: 45 200 tons @ 0.88 ounce per Limited (CLAIMaps 159 ton Au III, February 13, Probable: 95 700 tons @ 0.25 ounce per 2013) ton Au Taylor (Taylor) Au Probable Mineral Reserve: 985 000 t @ St Andrew St Andrew Active 42A10SE00066 5.45 g/t Au Goldfields Ltd. Goldfields Ltd., 42A10SE00065 Indicate Mineral Resource: 1 704 000 t (CMH 2012-2013, PR March 15, @ 5.03 g/t Au p.587) 2013 Inferred Mineral Resource: 1 929 000 t @ 3.96 g/t Au Teck Hughes Au Measured + Indicated Resource Kirkland Lake Gold CMH 2003-2004, Inactive (Teck) 42A01NE00020 3 347 000 tons @ 0.32 ounce/t Au Inc. (CMH 2012- p.270 Inferred Resources 58 900 tons @ 0.35 2013, p.379-380) ounce/t Au Temagami Cu, Ni Historic: 770 000 tons of 1.04% Cu, N/A AF Inactive Copper (Phyllis) 41I16NE00004 0.46% Ni Tyranite (Tyrrell, Au Historic resource: 567 000 tons of 0.18 Creso Exploration NM 06/93 Active Knight) 41P11NE00013 oz per ton Au Inc. (CMH 2012- 2013, p.197) Upper Beaver Au, Cu Indicated Mineral Resource: Osisko Mining Queenston Mining Active (Gauthier) 32D04SW00068 6 870 000 t @ 0.37% Cu 6.62 g/t Au Corporation (PR Inc., PR Inferred Mineral Resources: December 28, 2012) September 26, 4 570 000 t @ 0.36% Cu, 4.85 g/t Au 2012 Upper Canada Au Indicated Mineral Resource – Pit: Osisko Mining CMH 2010-2011, Active (Gauthier) 32D04SW00057 1 721 000 t @ 2.04 g/t Au Corporation (PR p.484 Inferred Mineral Resource – Pit: December 28, 2012) 1 308 000 t @ 1.95 g/t Au Indicated Mineral Resource – U/G: 243 000 t @ 4.73 g/t Au Inferred Mineral Resource – U/G: 4 075 000 t @ 5.38 g/t Au Victoria Creek Au 1 342 000 t @ 5.12 g/t Au Osisko Mining Queenston Mining Inactive (Gauthier) 32D04NW00043 Corporation (PR Inc. website, December 28, 2012) January 27, 2012 *N.B., This table contains tonnage and grade estimates, referred to as “reserves” (Indicated, Possible, Probable), which were determined at various times by methods largely unreported. It is not known if any or all of these estimates are in compliance with the reporting standards required by NI 43-101.

Table 9. Gold production in the Kirkland Lake Resident Geologist District to the end of 2013.

Mine Township Tons Milled Production Grade Years of Production (oz. Au) (oz./T) Aljo Beatty 2,333 42 0.018 1940 American Eagle Munro 60 40 0.667 1911 Argyll Beatty 12,455 851 0.068 1918 Armistice McGarry 8,282 1,035 0.125 1995, 97 (bulk samples) Ashley Bannockburn 157,076 50,123 0.319 1932-36 Barber Larder McGarry 30,118 3,072 0.102 1988 Barry Hollinger Pacuad 267,741 77,000 0.288 1918, 25-36, 44-46

32 D.L. Guindon et al.

Mine Township Tons Milled Production Grade Years of Production (oz. Au) (oz./T) Bidgood Lebel 586,367 160,184 0.273 1934-51 Black Fox (Glimmer)* Hislop 5,020,823 561,645 0.112 1997-2001, 2009- Blue Quartz Beatty 500 81 0.162 1923,26,28,34 Bourkes Benoit 1,298 277 0.213 1918,36-38 Buffonta Garrison 117,013 12,139 0.104 1981,91-92 Canadian Arrow Hislop 303,449 19,140 0.063 1974-76, 80-83 Canamax (Matheson Project) Holloway 38,675 5,391 0.139 1988 Cathroy Larder (Mirado) McElroy 89,719 10,231 0.114 1941-44,47,57,87 Centre Hill** Munro 327,007 422 0.001 1967-70 Cheminis McVittie 179,013 17,530 0.098 1991-96 Chesterville McGarry 3,260,439 358,880 0.110 1930-52 Croesus Munro 5,333 14,859 2.786 1915-18,23,31-36 Eastmaque (tailings) Teck 1,051,744 28,740 0.027 1988-91 Ethel Copper** James 17,477 115 0.007 1962-67 Gateford (Swastika) Teck 103,684 30,068 0.290 1910-47*** Golden Summit Maisonville 737 57 0.077 1936-37,45 Gold Hill Catharine 4,616 660 0.143 1927-28 Gold Pyramid Guibord 175 36 0.206 1911 Goldpost Hislop 9,403 2,913 0.310 1989 Hislop Mine (Hislop East)* Hislop 1,992,346 124,373 0.062 1990-91,93-95,99- 2000,07,10- Holloway Mine* Holloway 6,091,733 946,384 0.155 1993,95 (preproduction), 96-06, 11- Holloway-Holt Holloway 601,778 89,703 0.149 2007-2010 Holt* Holloway 9,191,442 1,409,473 0.153 1988-2004,11- Hudson-Rand Teck 6,496 483 0.074 1922 Kerr McGarry 40,336,512 10,457,441 0.259 1911,38-96 Kirkland Lake Teck 3,140,283 1,172,955 0.374 1916-60 Kirkland Lake Gold* Teck 1,999,305 678,254 0.339 2002- Kirkland Townsite Teck 4,230 1,921 0.454 1958-59 Laguerre McVittie 40,514 7,568 0.187 1937-39 Lake Shore Teck 17,208,323 8,602,791 0.500 1918-65,82-87,97-98 Macassa Teck 7,877,532 3,525,389 0.448 1933-99 Macassa (Tailings) Teck 3,240,890 173,659 0.054 1987-99,02 Matachewan Consolidated Powell 3,631,908 385,503 0.106 1934-54,80-82 McBean Gauthier 557,621 45,900 0.082 1984-86 Miller Independence Pacaud 31 59 1.903 1918 Moffat-Hall Lebel 16,388 4,780 0.292 1934-35 Morris Kirkland Lebel 127,253 16,999 0.134 1936-38,40-42 New Telluride Skead 104 62 0.596 1931-32 Newfield Garrison 55,000 9,680 0.176 1996 (bulk sample) Omega McVittie 1,615,081 214,098 0.133 1913,26-28,36-47 Queenston Gauthier 1,054 177 0.168 1941 Ronda Macmurchy 24,592 2,727 0.111 1939 Ross Hislop 6,714,482 995,832 0.148 1936-89 Ryan Lake** Powell 188,790 1,352 0.007 1948-57,62-64

33 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

Mine Township Tons Milled Production Grade Years of Production (oz. Au) (oz./T) Stairs Midlothian 15,835 3,573 0.226 1965-66 Sylvanite Teck 5,049,536 1,674,808 0.332 1927-61 Taylor Taylor 19,259 2,043 0.106 2007 (preproduction) Teck Hughes Teck 9,565,302 3,709,007 0.388 1917-68 Toburn Teck 1,186,316 570,659 0.481 1912-53*** Tyranite Tyrrell 223,810 31,352 0.140 1939-42 Upper Beaver Gauthier 580,562 140,709 0.242 1913-72*** Upper Canada Gauthier 4,648,984 1,398,291 0.301 1938-71 White-Guyatt Munro 50 10 0.200 1911 Wright Hargreaves Teck 9,934,327 4,821,296 0.485 1921-65 Young Davidson Powell 6,218,272 585,690 0.094 1934-57 Young-Davidson* Powell 4,371,309 176,876 0.040 2012 Total including tailings 158,072,787 43,337,408 0.279 Total excluding tailings 153,780,153 43,135,009 0.288

Kirkland Lake Camp (West to East) Macassa Teck 7,877,532 3,525,389 0.448 Kirkland Lake Teck 3,140,283 1,172,955 0.374 Kirkland Lake Gold* Teck 1,999,305 678,254 0.339 Teck Hughes Teck 9,565,302 3,709,007 0.388 Lake Shore Teck 17,208,323 8,602,791 0.500 Wright Hargreaves Teck 9,934,327 4,821,296 0.485 Sylvanite Teck 5,049,536 1,674,808 0.332 Toburn Teck 1,186,316 570,659 0.481 Total 55,960,924 24,755,159 0.442

Kirkland Lake Tailings Eastmaque (tailings) Teck 1,051,744 28,740 0.027 Macassa (Tailings) Teck 3,240,890 173,659 0.054 Total 4,292,634 202,399 0.047

Gauthier Camp Bidgood Lebel 586,367 160,184 0.2732 McBean Gauthier 557,621 45,900 0.0823 Upper Beaver Gauthier 580,562 140,709 0.2424 Upper Canada Gauthier 4,648,984 1,398,291 0.3008 Total 6,373,534 1,745,084 0.274

Virginiatown Camp Chesterville McGarry 3,260,439 358,880 0.110 Kerr McGarry 40,336,512 10,457,441 0.259 Total 43,596,951 10,816,321 0.248

Holloway Camp Holloway Mine* Holloway 6,091,733 946,384 0.155 Holloway-Holt Holloway 601,778 89,703 0.149

34 D.L. Guindon et al.

Mine Township Tons Milled Production Grade Years of Production (oz. Au) (oz./T) Holt* Holloway 9,191,442 1,409,473 0.153 Total 15,283,175 2,355,857 0.154

Hislop Camp Black Fox (Glimmer)* Hislop 5,020,823 561,645 0.112 Hislop Mine (Hislop East)* Hislop 1,992,346 124,373 0.062 Ross Hislop 6,714,482 995,832 0.148 Total 13,727,651 1,681,850 0.123

Matachewan Camp Matachewan Consolidated Powell 3,631,908 385,503 0.106 Young Davidson Powell 6,218,272 585,690 0.094 Young-Davidson* Powell 4,371,309 176,876 0.040 Total 14,221,489 1,148,069 0.081

Shining Tree Camp Ronda Macmurchy 24,592 2,727 0.111 Tyranite Tyrrell 223,810 31352 0.140 Total 248,402 34,079 0.137 * Producer in 2013 ** Base metal producer *** Intermittent production OGS ACTIVITIES AND RESEARCH BY OTHERS

Ontario Geological Survey Activities

No projects in Kirkland Lake District during the year of 2013. University Studies

COLORADO SCHOOL OF MINES

B. Frieman under Y. Kuiper is studying the structure of the Larder Lake–Cadillac Deformation Zone. The long term goal is to establish the early structural development of the Larder Lake–Cadillac deformation zone.

LAKEHEAD UNIVERSITY

A. Temelkovski is studying diamondiferous lamprophyres in the Kirkland Lake district.

UNIVERSITY OF QUEBEC (MONTREAL)

O. Nadeau is studying the association of alkalic intrusions (lamprophyre and syenites) as it relates to gold mineralization.

UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE

L. Brengman is studying quartz genesis in banded iron formation, chert, and silicified volcanic rocks in hydrothermal systems and near VMS deposits in the Rouyn, Timmins and Kirkland Lake area.

35 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO

B. Esen, T.H. Brisco, B. Sherwood Lollar, and G. Lacrampe-Couloume along with M.O. Schrenk from Michigan State University and, S.M. Hamilton from the Ontario Geological Survey commenced a study of water derived from bore holes in kimberlite pipes for the production of reduced gas species H2 and CH4, and associated microbiology.

UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO

L. Abbott is studying the Taylor gold deposit in Taylor Township. Geological Survey of Canada

During 2013, no projects were undertaken by the Geological Survey of Canada in Kirkland Lake District area. REGIONAL LAND USE GEOLOGIST ACTIVITIES—NORTHEAST REGION Land Use Planning Activities

The northeast Regional Land Use Geologist, based in Timmins, co-ordinates input into land use planning activities in the Sault Ste. Marie, Timmins and Kirkland Lake Resident Geologist districts and the part of the Sudbury District that is north of the French River. This report includes information about activities in all of these districts.

While the Regional Land Use Geologist, Catherine Daniels, was on leave from January through June, the position was held temporarily by Hugh Lockwood, P.Geo. Catherine Daniels, P.Geo., returned to the position of Regional Land Use Geologist in July and continues to fulfill the duties of that role.

The objectives of the Regional Land Use Geologist position are to • effectively represent mineral-related values in the context of competing interests for land use; • optimize the land base available for mineral exploration and development; • raise awareness within the mineral sector of the implications of legislation and regulations other than the Mining Act on their activities; and, • promote awareness of how geoscience serves the public good, including by • establishing base-line environmental values; • identifying sources of minerals and energy to support sustainable economic activity; and • highlighting areas where natural geological hazards and mining-related hazards pose a threat to people and property.

The competing interests for land use vary from place to place across the province, but most have the potential to restrict the availability of land, access to it and/or the activities on it. In 2013, the northeast Regional Land Use Geologist dealt with a variety of land use planning issues throughout the Northeast Region. The following sections summarize the work that was done.

CROWN LANDS

The Ministry of Northern Development and Mines (MNDM) engages with the Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR) when Crown land use planning initiatives have the potential to impact Provincial mineral interests. These activities include Forest Management Planning, energy and other major infrastructure projects, Far North land use planning, proposed parks, and various other initiatives related to Crown land use.

Forest Management Planning The forest management planning process involves consideration of a wide range of values including mineral values

36 D.L. Guindon et al.

in the context of forestry activities, and the relevance of legislation other than the Crown Forest Sustainability Act, including the Mining Act. The northeast Regional Land Use Geologist normally provides input into the development of forest management plans, including • the distribution of areas of high mineral potential, so that forestry planners are aware of areas where there may be pressures from the mineral sector for access for exploration; • the locations of existing mining claims and leases, so that exploration workings such as grid lines are not inadvertently damaged or destroyed by forestry activities; • information regarding current exploration and development activities in the area; • the location of mining-related hazards, so that forestry workers are not put at risk; and, • the socio-economic impact of mineral exploration and mining in the forest management unit, so that its importance can be considered in the context of other sectors such as tourism that may be active within the forest management unit.

Due to the implementation of changes to the forest management planning process, the northeastern Regional Land Use Geologist was not required to provide input in 2013 into planning for any of the 15 forest management units in northeastern Ontario. In the past, forest management plans have been for five-year periods, with planning for each five-year term beginning 2 years before its implementation. Plan terms have recently been increased from 5 to 10 years, with 2 five-year phases, beginning with plans implemented in 2007.

Approved Forest Management Plans, with detailed information about annual operations including plans for creating new access routes or decommissioning existing routes, and maps showing forest access roads are posted on the MNR web site (www.efmp.lrc.gov.on.ca/eFMP/home.do).

Disentanglement When the Ontario’s Living Legacy land use strategy was announced in 1999, it included many areas where sites designated as parks and conservation reserves overlapped areas of pre-existing mining lands. Such areas of overlap were designated as “forest reserves”. The land use designation provided for ongoing mineral exploration, development and access to support such work, but prohibited all other resource development. The intention was that the sites would be added to the protected areas if and when the mining lands lapsed through normal processes.

The land use strategy was modified in 2002, and proposed solutions for disentangling remaining mining lands from the intended protected areas were announced by the government—with input from the Ontario Prospectors Association and the Partnership for Public Lands—in May 2005. The Ministry of Natural Resources has the lead for implementing the recommended “disentanglement” options. The Land Use Policy and Planning Co-ordinator and the northeast Regional Land Use Geologist continue to work with MNR staff to implement the disentanglement solutions.

Wawa Crown Land Use Atlas Harmonization Project The Ministry of Natural Resources has engaged members of the public to help it update the policies for Crown land in the Wawa District. This initiative is called the Crown Land Use Atlas Harmonization Project. It was begun in 2006, but was revisited in 2011 after public opposition to policy proposals that were posted on the Environmental Registry as the results of the earlier work.

Since then, MNR has not issued a recommended draft plan. The Regional Land Use Geologist will review and comment on the recommended plan when it is produced. In the meantime, the northeast Regional Land Use Geologist continues to monitor this project and engage in discussions about it with MNR. Endangered Species Comments were provided for an MNDM collaborative review of MNR’s document “Draft Range Management Policy in Support of Woodland Caribou Conservation and Recovery”.

37 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

Crown Land Sales The northeast Regional Land Use Geologist continues to engage with MNR during the sale of Crown Lands, including those intended for cottage lot development, and reviewed and commented on several properties in 2013, as well as applications for upgrade in tenure from a land use permit to a lease.

Far North Land Use Planning The legislative foundation for First Nations and Ontario to jointly prepare and approve community-based land use plans is provided by the Far North Act, 2010. The Ministry of Natural Resources is responsible for administering the Act, and is required to work with interested First Nations to prepare and jointly approve a plan. The Ministry of Northern Development and Mines has a key role in the planning processes through the promotion and better understanding of all aspects of geoscience in land use planning.

In 2013, the northeast Regional Land Use Geologist, together with other Resident Geologist Program staff, worked with MNR Far North Branch staff, on Far North land use planning. Work was begun on a suite of geoscience atlases, including a comprehensive set of geoscience themes, for all communities engaged in Far North community- based land use planning. This work is intended to make relevant geoscience information available for use during the planning process.

Staff of MNDM also met with members of the land use planning team in Constance Lake First Nation, and with the Deputy Chief, elders, land use planning staff and the community of Kashechewan First Nation to discuss geoscience information and the land use planning process.

The preparation of the Far North Land Use Strategy and its consideration during the community-based land use planning processes is required by the Far North Act, 2010. The Far North Land Use Strategy is intended to guide planning and to help planning teams consider broad-scale matters. The first phase in developing the Strategy was the release of the document “The Introduction to the Far North Land Use Strategy” in late 2013, which served as the “invitation to participate” in the development of the Strategy. The Land Use Policy and Planning Co-ordinator, and the northeast Regional Land Use Geologist reviewed and provided comments on this document. The northeast Regional Land Use Geologist will continue to monitor and provide comments when applicable, during the next 3 stages in development of the Far North Land Use Strategy.

Withdrawal Orders Other work related to Crown land use in the Northeast Region included reviews of 12 applications for withdrawal from staking under Section 35 of the Mining Act in 2013. Withdrawal requests can be for surface rights only, mining rights only, or for both surface and mining rights. These requests are made for a wide range of reasons, including • developing waste disposal sites and sewage lagoons; • selling Crown land for cottage lots; • enabling land exchanges; • supporting First Nation land claims and treaty entitlement negotiations; • allowing hydroelectric and other infrastructure developments; • facilitating Ministry of Transportation review of aggregate potential in support of highway maintenance; and • assessing applications under Section 35.1 of the Mining Act for the withdrawal of Crown-owned mining rights in Northern Ontario, where the surface rights are privately held.

Forfeited Mining Lands The northeast Regional Land Use Geologist reviewed a list of 54 properties that were scheduled to be forfeited and re-opened for staking for non-payment of taxes from 2012. Comments relating to nearby abandoned mine hazards and the mineral potential of the mining lands being considered for forfeitures were provided.

38 D.L. Guindon et al.

MUNICIPAL AND PRIVATE LANDS

The Ministry of Northern Development and Mines supports municipal and private land use planning through the One-Window Planning Service led by the Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing (MMAH). When requested, the northwest Regional Land Use Geologist provides input into, and reviews, draft Official Plans, Official Plan Amendments, draft plans of subdivision and consent (severance) applications to ensure that Provincial mineral interests are appropriately considered in the planning process. Input from MNDM includes • providing data with regard to mineral potential, mining claims and leases, exploration and mining activity, and mining-related hazards to planning authorities, planning consultants and MMAH in support of the new municipal Official Plans, Official Plan Amendments, zoning by-laws and consents (lot severances); • reviewing land use policies proposed in municipal planning documents and providing comments on those policies to MMAH “One-Window” planners for consolidation with feedback from other ministries; and • supporting the development of municipal policies and guidelines, and working to enhance the availability of data to support wise planning decisions.

Municipal Planning The Provincial Policy Statement (PPS), which guides municipal planning in Ontario, is issued under the provisions of the Planning Act. The PPS was last modified in 2005. A compulsory five-year review of the PPS was initiated in 2010 to ensure that it is up to date and meets current environmental standards, ensures human health and safety, and protects Ontario’s cultural and natural heritage. Together with colleagues in the northeast and southern districts and the Land Use Policy and Planning Co-ordinator, the northwest Regional Land Use Geologist provided detailed input into this review in 2013.

The revised PPS, released on February 24, 2014, includes enhanced provisions to help ensure the recognition of mining operations and areas with significant mineral potential in municipal Official Plans, so that they can be protected from incompatible land uses.

The southern Regional Land Use Geologist represents MNDM on the interministerial Planning Systems Data Committee (PSDC), led by MNR and MMAH that is working on ways to make more data readily available to support land use planning in Ontario. The northeast Regional Land Use Geologist provided comments on the draft PSDC data catalogue to MNDM’s representative.

In 2013, the northeast Regional Land Use Geologist provided background information in support of new Official Plan initiatives for the communities of Matachewan and Smooth Rock Falls. Site-specific information was also provided with regard to mineral potential, mineral occurrences and mining-related hazards in a number of municipalities. The northeast Regional Land Use Geologist also reviewed and commented on draft Official Plans for Blind River, the Township of North Shore, Spanish, and the Township of Tarbutt and Tarbutt Additional, and 5 proposed Official Plan Amendments.

In addition, information was provided, and reviews were done for 10 zoning by-law amendments, and 13 consents (severances). Although decisions about zoning by-law amendments and consents are normally made by municipal governments, most of the area of the Northeast Region is outside of towns and cities. In the absence of a municipal government to manage planning decisions related to private land in those areas, such decisions are made by the MMAH with the support of partner ministries including MNDM.

The northeast Regional Land Use Geologist also reviewed a Northern Ontario Heritage Fund Corporation grant application submitted by the Corporation of the Town of Kirkland Lake for the preparation of municipally owned land for commercial development.

Exemptions from Mining Tax Section 189 (1) of the Mining Act allows for owners of patented land to apply for exemption from paying mining tax. Key factors that are considered when applications are reviewed are whether or not the lands are being used for mining-related purposes, and whether or not there would be third-party interest in using the lands for mining related

39 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

purposes (e.g., the surrounding lands are staked and being explored or the sites in question have provincially significant mineral potential).

During 2013, 111 such applications were reviewed for the Northeast Region. Comments were provided to MNDM’s Mining Lands Section to be consolidated with other information for the Minister’s consideration and decision.

Of the applications reviewed, 3 property holders contacted the northeast Regional Land Use Geologist in 2013 to discuss the mineral potential review conducted for their property during the exemption from mining tax application review process.

FIRST NATIONS

The northeast Regional Land Use Geologist provides information in support of First Nation interests in land use planning. In 2013, comments were provided for 3 applications for withdrawal and transfer of lands to First Nations for additions to reserves. Other Activities

The northeast Regional Land Use Geologist also participated in other initiatives in 2013, as outlined below.

Client Inquiries The northeast Regional Land Use Geologist handled inquiries from a number of clients from the mineral sector, the public, landholders, and municipal and provincial government agencies and ministries.

Class Environmental Assessments Class Environmental Assessments (“Class EAs”) are documents that set out streamlined environmental assessment processes. They apply to routine projects that have predictable and manageable environmental effects. There are currently 11 Class Environmental Assessments in effect in Ontario, with regard to initiatives including the development of new infrastructure such as dams, transmission lines, pipelines, highway corridors, commuter rail stations and bus terminals, and sewer and water facilities; the establishment of new parks and conservation reserves; forest management plans; and Crown land dispositions.

The northeast Regional Land Use Geologist provided input with regard to mineral potential, known mineral occurrences, mining land tenure and mining-related hazards for 4 Class Environmental Assessment initiatives in northeastern Ontario in 2013. The Class Environmental Assessment initiatives reviewed included proposed hydroelectric developments, wind farm development, mineral development, and highway relocation. FIRST NATIONS MINERALS INFORMATION OFFICER— NORTHEASTERN ONTARIO

S.E. Halet continued to serve as First Nations Minerals Information Officer for northeastern Ontario. The role of the First Nations Minerals Information Officer is to promote understanding and a co-operative working relationship between government, Aboriginal communities and mineral sector stakeholders in Ontario through the provision of outreach, information and training programs. Programs include technical information regarding the mining sequence, claim staking, basic prospecting, and mineral exploration practices and techniques, delivered through information sessions, field trips and presentations at schools, career fairs and trade shows; some of these activities are listed in Table 10.

40 D.L. Guindon et al.

Table 10. Northeastern Ontario First Nations Minerals Information Officer activities conducted in 2013.

Community District Date Activity Participants Algonquins of Ontario Southern Ontario August 12 –14 Prospecting Course 15 Algonquins of Ontario Nations Gathering Southern Ontario July 27–13 Booth Chapleau Cree First Nation Timmins May 13–15 Prospecting Course 10 Constance Lake First Nation Timmins February 13–14 Prospecting Course 8 Curve Lake First Nation Southern Ontario June 25–27 Prospecting Course 5 Garden River First Nation Sault Ste. Marie April 18–19 Prospecting Course 15 Kapuskasing First Nation Youth Gathering Timmins July 25–27 “The Earth Beneath Your 50 Feet” interactive workshop Matachewan First Nation Timmins March 25–27 Prospecting Course * Moose Cree First Nation Timmins April 8–12 Prospecting Course 4 North Shore Tribal Council (Garden River, Mississaugi, Sault Ste. Marie February 28 Mining for Non Miners 7 Sagamok and Serpent River First Nations), Aboriginal Skills and Employment Training Strategy representatives Serpent River First Nation Sault Ste. Marie May 1 Prospecting Course * Serpent River First Nation Sault Ste. Marie May 3 Career Fair 100+ Temiskaming Native Women’s Association Kirkland Lake May 27–28 Prospecting Course 11 Taykwa Tagamou First Nation Timmins October 28–29 Prospecting Course 5 Wikwemikong First Nation Sudbury August 20 Youth Skills Tradeshow Booth 100+

Presentations Location Date Activity Participants Cambrian College: students Sudbury March 15 Mining for Non Miners 10 Hearst Economic Development Corporation Hearst March 20 Mining for Non Miners 10 Canadian Ecology Centre Sudbury April 29–May 1 Prospecting Course 9 Canadian Ecology Centre: Grade 12 Earth and Space Mattawa July 4, 2013 What is Prospecting? 25 Science students Canadian Ecology Centre: Mohawk College Mining Mattawa October 21 Introduction to Prospecting 40 Engineering students on “Northern Ontario Mining Tour”

Conferences, Field Trips Location Date Activity MNDM Mineral Exploration and Development Sudbury February 26–28 Workshop, Technical Staff Training Session Prospectors Developers Association Conference Toronto March 3–6 Northeastern Ontario Mines and Minerals Symposium Sault Ste. Marie April 16–17 Timmins Mine Expo Timmins May 29–30 Introduction to Prospecting Course (attended) Canadian Land Reclamation Association Annual Cobalt June 18–19 Symposium Kapuskasing First Nation Youth Gathering Timmins July 25–27 Whish Ki Yak It “Restoring and Managing Our Lands Timmins September 10–12 After Mining” Nishnawbe Aski Development Fund’s Mining Summit Timmins October 16–17 MNDM Mineral Exploration Development’s Mining Timmins October 22–24 Awareness Workshop Canadian Aboriginal Minerals Association Vancouver November 3–6 *organized, but cancelled due to lack of participants

Highlights of events attended in the Timmins District: • In March 2013, an evening of mineral exploration information session to the community of Hearst at the Innovo Centre, home to the Hearst Economic Development Corporation, was attended with Timmins Regional Resident Geologist Brian Atkinson. S. Halet discussed the mining sequence and opportunities at various stages within the sequence. B. Atkinson discussed mineral exploration, mining and aggregate projects proximal to the community of Hearst.

41 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

• During the May 2013 visit to Chapleau Cree First Nation, participants had the opportunity to tour the Probe Mines Borden Gold project just east of Chapleau. Project Geologist Craig Yuill delivered a tour of the exploration property and showed the course participants some core from their drilling program. • The Kapuskasing Aboriginal Youth Gathering in July was attended with Timmins Regional Resident Geologist B. Atkinson. The Youth Gathering was a three-day event for approximately 50 Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal Youth to educate and learn more about each other. There were cross-cultural workshops; various training and education workshops and/or presentations on youth entrepreneurship, leadership and career, drug addiction and suicide prevention, Duty to Consult with First Nations, roles and responsibilities of Aboriginal governments (Individual, Tribal, Regional, Provincial, National), federal, provincial and municipal governments, “Ring of Fire” mining, exploration, careers, aspects of mining, energy, Ontario Power Generation, and current and future major projects. • The Whish Ki Yak It “Restoring and Managing Our Lands After Mining” Conference in September was attended with Regional Land Use Planner C. Daniels (Timmins) and Mineral Exploration Development Consultant J. Postma (Timmins). The conference was highly integrative and focused heavily on the traditional knowledge perspective of mining land reclamation. There were numerous First Nation attendees, mostly from the Wabun and Mushkegowuk Tribal Councils, and this was an excellent opportunity for industry and government to interact with key environmental and land use personnel from the various FN communities.

Highlights of events attended in the Kirkland Lake District: • The course presented to the Temiskaming Native Women’s Association in May in Kirkland Lake was part of a six-week Mining Readiness course delivered by Mining Industry Human Resources Council. • The Canadian Land Reclamation Association’s annual symposium in June featured talks from leading experts in the area of mining land reclamation and toured the mining legacy area of Cobalt. The symposium attracted a record number of delegates. More than 150 environmental specialists attended this event, which was organized by the Ontario Mining Association in collaboration with the Ontario Chapter of the Canadian Land Reclamation Association (CLRA). The purpose of this mine rehabilitation event was to encourage the pursuit of excellence in mine reclamation; to share knowledge, information and research results; and to share best practices. The symposium also focussed on promoting a better understanding of the outstanding achievements in mine reclamation to Ontario’s mining industry, the environmental community and the broader public.

Highlights of events attended in the Sudbury District: • The April–May visit to the Canadian Ecology Centre was also attended by Southern Ontario Regional Resident Geologist Pam Sangster who delivered a presentation on Industrial Mineral Potential in Southern Ontario. • Sudbury District Geologist Dan Farrow and District Geological Assistant Lesley-Anne Bardeggia accompanied Suzanne for the “What is Prospecting?” presentation at the Canadian Ecology Centre in July, and for the Wikwemikong First Nation Skills Tradeshow in August.

Highlights of events attended in the Southern Ontario Region: • The final day of the June course held in Curve Lake First Nation was attended by Southern Ontario Regional Resident Geologist Pam Sangster and District Geologist Peter LeBaron. Pam delivered a talk on the Industrial Mineral Potential in Southern Ontario, and Peter delivered a hands-on demonstration of various prospecting tools available to the prospector such as the beep mat, scintillometer, gold pan and magnetic susceptibility meter. • The Algonquins of Ontario Nations Gathering in Bancroft in July was also attended by Southern Ontario Regional Resident Geologist Pam Sangster and District Geologist Peter LeBaron who set up a booth that was visited by many attendees of the Nations Gathering. Aboriginal Relations Unit Land Claim Specialist Leslie Joynt also attended the event. • Southern Ontario Regional Resident Geologist Pam Sangster provided a presentation on Industrial Mineral Potential in Southern Ontario to the Algonquins of Ontario as part of their course in August and then delivered a half-day field tour of the rocks in the area.

42 D.L. Guindon et al.

MINERAL DEPOSIT COMPILATION GEOLOGISTS—PROVINCIAL ACTIVITIES

The Mineral Deposit Compilation geologists (MDCG) investigate and document mineral deposits and occurrences across the province. Through field visits, comprehensive literature research and personal research, they work with regional and district Resident Geologist Program staff to ensure that the Mineral Deposit Inventory (MDI) database is regularly updated. Regular updates are required to ensure that the Ministry of Northern Development and Mines is using the most up-to-date information in making land-use planning and policy decisions. A.C. Wilson is the northeastern Ontario MDCG. S.E. Zurevinski was the northwestern Ontario MDCG from January until August 2013 and T. Pettigrew was hired in December 2013 as the new northwestern Ontario MDCG.

In April 2013, a new MDI database was released to the public. The database was released as Mineral Deposit Inventory—2013 and is available as a free digital download from MNDM’s GeologyOntario web site (also available on CD). Mineral Deposit Inventory—2013 can be viewed using through OGSEarth using the Google Earth™ mapping service. Mineral Deposit Inventory data are also searchable through the Ministry’s GeologyOntario web site.

An updated version of the MDI database (Mineral Deposit Inventory—2014) will be released to the public in April 2014 (replacing Mineral Deposit Inventory—2013).

Throughout the year, emphasis was placed on updating and correcting the reserve and resource figures for developed prospects with reserves and past producing mines with reserves, as well as prospects. Commodities of particular focus this year included graphite and silica sand. Geographic areas of focus included Cobalt and the southern part of the Swayze greenstone belt. Mineral deposit records were also updated for 3 OGS mapping projects in the Sault Ste. Marie District and 1 OGS mapping project in southeastern Ontario.

Total changes to the MDI database for the province in 2013 include 791 records updated, 37 records deleted and 32 new records. A breakdown of the provincial records revised, by office, appears in Table 11.

Table 11. Mineral Deposit Inventory records revision—2013.

Resident or District Office Updates Deletions New Kenora 22 0 0 Kirkland Lake 83 1 3 Red Lake 3 0 0 Sault Ste. Marie 111 2 17 Southeastern Ontario 159 31 4 Southwestern Ontario 11 2 0 Sudbury 84 0 1 Timmins 259 1 7 Thunder Bay North 16 0 0 Thunder Bay South 59 0 0 Total 791 37 32

The MDI database is a dynamic compilation of over 19 000 records describing most of the known mineral occurrences in Ontario. It is an important reference tool for explorationists interested in exploring and acquiring mining properties in Ontario. When used in conjunction with other spatial databases generated by the Ontario Geological Survey, it is an additional tool for making new mineral discoveries in Ontario.

43 KIRKLAND LAKE DISTRICT—2013

REFERENCES

Ayer, J.A., Chartrand, J.E., Grabowski, G.P.D., Josey, S., Rainsford, D. and Trowell, N.F. 2006. Geological compilation of the Cobalt-Temagami area, Abitibi greenstone belt; Ontario Geological Survey, Preliminary Map P.3581, scale 1:100 000. Bennett, G. 1978. Geology of northeast Temagami area, District of Nipissing; Ontario Geological Survey, Report 163, 128p., accompanied by maps 2323 and 2324, scale 1:31 680 and 1 chart. Brons, D.J. 1989. Stratigraphy and metamorphism of mafic volcanic rocks near Arsenic Lake, Temagami, Ontario; unpublished M.Sc. thesis, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, 112p. Filo, K. 2013. Assessment report for the 2013 diamond drilling program on the Grenfell property; unpublished report Kirkland Lake Resident Geologist’s office, assessment file 2.54347, 67p. Fyon, A.J. and Crocket, J.H. 1986. Exploration potential for base and precious metal mineralization in part of Strathy Township, Temagami area; Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 5591, 46p. Good, D.J. 1989. Platinum group element distribution in the Kanichee intrusion, District of Nipissing; Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 5705, 42p., 15 figures, 5 tables and 2 photos. Guindon, D.L., Grabowski, G.P.B., Wilson, A.C. and van Zeyl, D.P. 2010. Report of Activities 2009, Resident Geologist Program, Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist Report: Kirkland Lake District; Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 6248, 54p. Guindon, D.L., Grabowski, G.P.B., Sabiri, N., Wilson, A.C. and Debicki, R.L. 2012. Report of Activities 2011, Resident Geologist Program, Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist Report: Kirkland Lake District; Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 6275, 60p. Iliev, I. 2013. 2011-2013 exploration activity report on claims optioned from Skead Holdings Ltd., part of the Omega project; unpublished report Kirkland Lake Resident Geologist’s office, assessment file 2.53978, 16p. Magyarosi, Z. 2013. Drilling report, Mikwam property, Noseworthy Township, Ontario, Canada; unpublished report Kirkland Lake Resident Geologist’s office, assessment file 2.54285, 67p. Meyer, G., Cosec, M., Grabowski, G.P.B., Guindon, D.L., Chaloux, E.C. and Charette, M. 2000. Report of Activities 1999, Resident Geologist Program, Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist Report: Kirkland Lake and Sudbury Districts; Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 6007, 91p. Meyer, G., Cosec, M., Grabowski, G.P.B., Guindon, D.L., Hailstone, M., Stephenson, C., Wallace, L.M., Debicki, R. and Yule, G. 2001. Report of Activities 2000, Resident Geologist Program, Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist Report: Kirkland Lake and Sudbuy Districts; Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 6051, 113p.

Ontario Geological Survey Regional Resident Geologist Program

Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist (Sudbury District)—2013

D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

2014

CONTENTS

Sudbury District—2013 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 MINING ACTIVITY ...... 2 Nickel, Copper and Platinum Group Element Production ...... 2 First Nickel Inc ...... 3 Lockerby Mine ...... 4 Glencore Canada Corporation ...... 5 Nickel Production ...... 5 Other News ...... 5 KGHM International Ltd ...... 6 Morrison Deposit ...... 6 McCreedy West Mine ...... 6 Podolsky Mine ...... 7 Prophecy Platinum Corp ...... 7 Shakespeare Mine ...... 7 Vale ...... 7 Totten Mine...... 8 Copper Cliff Smelter ...... 8 Other News ...... 8 Industrial Mineral Production ...... 9 Lafarge Canada Limited—Meldrum Bay Operations ...... 9 Mohawk Garnet Inc ...... 9 Taillefer Quarry ...... 9 The Rock Centre ...... 9 Nickel, Copper and Platinum Group Elements ...... 12 KGHM International Ltd ...... 12 Victoria Property ...... 12 Pacific North West Capital Corporation ...... 12 River Valley Project ...... 12 Wallbridge Mining Company Limited ...... 13 Broken Hammer Project ...... 13 Zinc, Copper, Lead, Silver and Gold ...... 14 Glencore Xstrata ...... 14 Errington ...... 14 Vermilion ...... 15 Industrial Minerals ...... 15 Northern Graphite Corporation ...... 15 Bissett Creek Project ...... 15 EXPLORATION ACTIVITY ...... 16 Nickel, Copper and Platinum Group Elements ...... 17 Tearlach Resources Limited ...... 17 Foy Hess Property ...... 17 Transition Metals Corp ...... 17 Aer-Kidd Project ...... 17 Wallbridge Mining Company Limited ...... 17 North Range JV ...... 17 Parkin Offset JV ...... 18 Sudbury Camp JV ...... 18

ii Copper, Zinc, Lead and Gold ...... 19 VMS Ventures Ltd ...... 19 Terra Incognita Project ...... 19 Gold ...... 19 Ginguro Exploration Inc ...... 19 Pardo JV Property ...... 19 Trueclaim Exploration Inc ...... 20 Scadding Gold Property ...... 20 Graphite ...... 20 Galaxy Graphite Corp...... 20 Laurier Graphite Property ...... 20 Lead, Zinc, Silver ...... 21 Green Swan Capital Corp ...... 21 Geneva Lake Property...... 21 Rare Earth Elements...... 23 Canada Rare Earth Corp ...... 23 Lavergne–Springer Project ...... 23 2013 Assessment Files ...... 25 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR EXPLORATION ...... 29 Nickel, Copper and Platinum Group Elements in Offset Dikes ...... 29 Platinum Group Metals (PGM), Nickel and/or Copper Potential ...... 29 Dimension Stone ...... 31 DISTRICT GEOLOGIST OFFICE STAFF ACTIVITIES ...... 33 PROPERTY EXAMINATIONS ...... 34 Weatheredge Quarry – Robinson Township, Manitoulin Island ...... 34 Location And Access ...... 34 Exploration History ...... 36 Geology ...... 36 Property Visit ...... 36 Sheshegwaning Quarry – Robinson Township, Manitoulin Island ...... 39 OGS ACTIVITIES AND RESEARCH BY OTHERS ...... 40 Ontario Geological Survey Activities ...... 40 Integrative Research Program – Sudbury Igneous Complex Footwall Projects ...... 40 Geological Survey of Canada...... 40 Recent Publications ...... 41 REGIONAL LAND USE GEOLOGIST ACTIVITIES—NORTHEAST REGION ...... 41 FIRST NATIONS MINERALS INFORMATION OFFICER—NORTHEASTERN ONTARIO ...... 41 MINERAL DEPOSIT COMPILATION GEOLOGIST—NORTHEASTERN ONTARIO ...... 41 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...... 42 REFERENCES ...... 42

iii

Tables 1. Recorded claims and assessment work credits in the Sudbury Mining Division, 2004–2013 ...... 1 2. 2013 Nickel production from Integrated Nickel Operations ...... 5 3. Comparison of KGHM Sudbury operations’ production results ...... 6 4. Nickel-copper production comparison and total reserves for Vale’s Sudbury Operations ...... 8 5. By-product production rates for Vale’s Sudbury Operations...... 8 6. Industrial mineral and dimension stone producers in the Sudbury District in 2013 (keyed to Figure 3) .... 10 7. Bissett Creek 2013 Resource Estimate...... 16 8. Green Swan’s Phase 1 diamond drilling program results ...... 21 9. Exploration activity in the Sudbury District in 2013 (keyed to Figure 5) ...... 21 10. Assessment files processed in the Sudbury District in 2013 (keyed to Figure 6) ...... 25 11. Mineral deposits not being mined in the Sudbury District in 2013 ...... 31 12. Summary of activities of the Sudbury District Geologist Office in 2013 ...... 34 13. Property visits conducted by the Sudbury District Geologist Office in 2013 (keyed to Figure 7) ...... 34 14. Weatheredge quarry field stops ...... 37 15. Publications received by the Sudbury District Geologist Office in 2013 ...... 41

Figures 1. Nickel, copper, platinum, palladium and gold prices in US$/oz ...... 2 2. Producing mines in the Sudbury area 2013 ...... 3 3. Industrial mineral and dimension stone producers in the Sudbury District in 2013 (keyed to Table 6) ..... 11 4. Broken Hammer Drilling completed during winter 2013 ...... 14 5. Exploration activity in the Sudbury District in 2013 (keyed to Table 9) ...... 24 6. Assessment files processed in the Sudbury District in 2013 (keyed to Table 10) ...... 30 7. Property visits conducted by Sudbury District office staff in 2013 (keyed to Table 13) ...... 35 8. Location of Weatheredge Quarry, Manitoulin Island ...... 36 9. Weatheredge quarry property visit stops (keyed to Table 14)...... 37

Photos 1. Weatheredge Quarry property visit, Robinson Township, Manitoulin Island ...... 38 2. E. Tomaselli details quarry progress to tour group ...... 39 3. Sheshegwaning quarry takes shape ...... 39

Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist (Sudbury District)—2013

D.G. Farrow1 and L.A. Bardeggia2 1District Geologist, Sudbury District, Resident Geologist Program, Ontario Geological Survey 2District Geological Assistant, Sudbury District, Resident Geologist Program, Ontario Geological Survey

INTRODUCTION The Sudbury District Geologist Office administers to the judicial districts of Greater Sudbury, Manitoulin, Parry Sound, Muskoka, parts of Nipissing District and the County of Renfrew. The district encompasses approximately 45 000 km2 and over 340 geographical townships. The Sudbury District Geologist Office is located on the campus of Laurentian University in the Willet Green Miller Centre, 3rd Floor, 933 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury P3E 6B5. The Sudbury mining camp is one of the oldest and most active in the world, with nickel-copper mining operations related to the Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC) providing the basis of economic activity in the Sudbury region. Since 1883, more than 1 billion tons of ore have been raised from Sudbury’s deposits. In general, the district is underlain from north to south by a diverse assemblage of Archean granitic, metavolcanic, mafic intrusive and gneissic rocks of the Superior Province; Paleoproterozoic mafic intrusive, volcanic and sedimentary rocks of the Huronian Supergroup of the Southern Province; the Sudbury Igneous Complex and related mafic intrusive rocks; various lithologies within the Central Gneiss Complex of the Grenville Province and Paleozoic sedimentary rocks of the Michigan Basin. Copper, precious metals and nickel continued to be the focus of exploration in the Sudbury mining camp in 2013, along with other base metals and industrial minerals. World base metal prices, in general, started the year on a positive note but fell throughout the spring, reaching levels of 15% to 20% lower by mid-summer, and more or less maintaining those levels for the remainder of the year. The recovery of the global economy continued to be sluggish in 2013, and failed to provide much in the way of stimulation for local grass roots exploration activity. While there is cause for some optimism in exploration funding in 2014, advanced projects once again received most of the attention in 2013. Gold, graphite and rare earth elements were the focus of non-base metal exploration in the Sudbury District; however, financing for larger scale projects remained scarce. Some mid-tier junior exploration companies were active in the Sudbury District, despite reduced risk tolerance and the need for cost-effective spending. Statistics of claim-staking activity and exploration expenditures for the Sudbury Mining Division over the last decade are presented in Table 1. Dollar values in this report are given in Canadian currency (C$), unless otherwise stated. Ore reserve statistics mentioned in this report may not necessarily be National Instrument 43-101 (NI 43-101) compliant unless otherwise stated. Activities and financial statements reported for quarterly periods may be abbreviated as Q (Q1 for first quarter, etc.) in this report.

Table 1. Summary of recorded claims and assessment work credits in the Sudbury Mining Division, 2004–2013. Year Recorded Claim Units Cancelled Claim Units Active Claim Units Total ($) Assessment Work 2013 1 141 2 734 16 932 10 188 942 2012 736 2100 17 691 14 582 592 2011 3077 2258 20 143 9 662 626 2010 2964 3591 18 768 6 482 550 2009 1445 8053 19 203 7 179 712 2008 2749 4041 25 709 6 698 594 2007 8870 2589 26 448 6 855 097 2006 4729 2700 17 472 5 751 411 2005 3980 4595 18 019 9 574 778 2004 4479 5117 18 932 5 219 593

1 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

MINING ACTIVITY

Nickel, Copper and Platinum Group Element Production

As shown in Figure 1, nickel prices rose modestly very early in the year but gradually fell because of less demand for stainless steel, while copper prices fell due to a reduction of imports from China. Reduced market demand resulted in lower prices and higher inventories. The outlook for 2014 is more optimistic as nickel and copper have both shown price recoveries since November of last year. Precious metals have shown volatility, but maintain healthy valuations. Global economic uncertainty continued to affect Sudbury area producers in 2013 (Figure 2). Year-end production reports for the major mining companies have not been released as of this writing.

Figure 1. One-year (2013) and 5 year (2009–2013) nickel and copper prices in US$/lb.; platinum, palladium and gold prices in US$/oz. (www.kitco.com).

2 D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

Producing mines in the Sudbury area 2013. area Sudbury the in mines Producing

Figure 2.

3 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

FIRST NICKEL INC.

Lockerby Mine

Having achieved commercial production at the Lockerby Mine on July 1, 2012, First Nickel Inc. (FNI) estimated preliminary Q4 and full year payable metal production.

Payable nickel production for 2012 was projected to be below previous guidance for the full year and Q4 by about 10% and 38%, respectively. FNI expected nickel production to be 1.3 million lbs in Q4 and 5.7 million lbs for the year. Payable copper production was expected to be 1.0 million lbs in Q4 and 4.5 million lbs for the year.

Q4 production was reduced because of slower than planned development of 2 ore sources, and unplanned rehabilitation work at a main ramp intersection. In addition, ore processed during Q4 yielded lower than expected nickel and copper grades, and lower than expected nickel recovery. An investigation into both the lower ore grade and lower recovery resulted in rescheduling underground development priorities to focus on active mining horizons.

Highlights for Fiscal 2012:

• Commercial production declared at Lockerby Mine July 1, 2012 • Revenue for the year ended December 31, 2012 was $36.1 million • Cash production costs were $37.0 million for the year, or $7.97 per pound of nickel produced • Production yielded 5.8 million lbs of payable nickel and 4.5 million lbs of payable copper • Development rate at Lockerby for 2012 was 6.2 m per day • FNI shipped 199 000 tonnes of ore from Lockerby Mine in 2012 • Ramp development totaled 486 m, and lateral development totaled 1748 m • FNI incurred a net loss of $36.3 million for the year • FNI recognized a $16.8 million impairment charge on the Lockerby property and a $5.0 million impairment charge on exploration properties

Outlook for 2013:

• Annual production rate of 9.0 to10 million lbs of payable nickel by the end of Q1 2013 • Annual production rate of 6.1 to 6.7 million pounds payable copper • Development will continue to the 68 level by Q3 2013 • Total cash production costs estimated to be $61.0 to $67.0 million • Total cash production cost of $6.10 to 6.40 per pound of nickel • Slow development in 2012 forces higher capital expenditures for development in 2013 • Liquidity in 2013 will reflect Q4 2012 revenue shortfall, metal prices and higher capex • Capital expenditures for 2013 are anticipated to be about $16.4 million, of which $11.2 million relates to development programs on the Lockerby Mine • General and administrative expenses for 2013, excluding stock-based compensation, are estimated to be about $4.3 million. Financing costs and exploration costs are estimated to be $1.8 million and $2.7 million, respectively.

In January 2013, FNI borrowed $5 million followed in March by an additional $5 million, both maturing on December 31, 2013. In April 2013, FNI restructured outstanding indebtedness subject to TSX approval. The aggregate indebtedness of US$20 million will be extended to March 31, 2015.

In May, FNI posted results for the 3 months ended March 31, 2013. Audited financial statements and Managers Discussion and Analysis (MD&A) for the period have been filed on SEDAR® and will be available on the FNI website at www.firstnickel.com .

4 D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

Q1 2013:

• 59 877 tonnes of ore mined at Lockerby Mine • 2.7 million lbs payable nickel and 1.8 million lbs payable copper produced • $26.8 million in Revenue • Cash production costs were $21.7 million, or $5.44 per pound of nickel produced • Ramp development totaled 145 m during Q1, and lateral development totaled 553 m • A net loss of $0.9 million was recorded for the period • Cash flow before adjustments was $3.2 million • Cash balance at March 31, 2013 was $6.5 million

A 2005 agreement with Falconbridge provided for processing of all ore from the Lockerby Mine by Glencore Canada Corporation. In September 2013 FNI amended the agreement to a Gross Merchandise Value (GMV) contract. Conversion to a GMV contract will change the methodology for reporting payable metals and unit cash costs (First Nickel Inc., press releases, January 4, February 7, April 2 and May 15 2013, and Marketwired via COMTEX, September 27, 2013).

GLENCORE CANADA CORPORATION

Nickel Production

Glencore Xstrata released 2013 total nickel production values from Integrated Nickel Operations (INO), which includes Nickel Rim South, Fraser and Raglan mines and Nikkelverk refinery (Table 2).

Total nickel metal production was 47 100 tonnes, a 13% increase over 2012. The increase reflects a record year of production at Raglan (33 800 tonnes), driven by higher grades and/or mine sequencing; it is offset by a decline in grades at Sudbury mines (13 300 tonnes from Nickel Rim South and Fraser mines combined) and the maintenance shutdown of the Strathcona mill during Q1 2013.

The company also cited that the reduction in own-sourced INO copper production is a reflection of a known steady decline in copper grades at the Nickel Rim South Mine.

Table 2. 2013 Nickel production from Integrated Nickel Operations.

Production from Integrated Nickel Operations (Sudbury, Raglan, Nikkelverk) 2013 2012 2013/2012

% Change Total Nickel metal (kt) 47.1 41.5 + 13% Total Nickel in concentrates (kt) 0.5 0.7 - 29% Total Copper metal (kt) 16.7 15.3 + 9% Total Copper in concentrates (kt) 37.6 42.5 - 12% Total Cobalt metal (kt) 0.7 0.6 + 17% Abbreviations: kt = kilotonnes

Other News

Xstrata Canada Corp., a Glencore Xstrata plc subsidiary, changed its name to Glencore Canada Corporation effective July 30, 2013. Glencore Sudbury operations have been given the name, “Sudbury Integrated Nickel Operations” (Sudbury I-N-O).

In 2013, Glencore Xstrata and Vale revived talks over a potential combination of nickel operations in the Sudbury basin in an effort to cut costs. Discussions are at an early stage but have revived hopes of a long-debated Sudbury

5 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

tie-up, with the companies considering a number of options for mining and processing operations in the area. Analysts have long said an affiliation would make sense for the 2 major operators mining the 70 km long, oval-shaped Sudbury basin.

In 2006, a proposed merger of Falconbridge and Inco expected annual synergies and cost savings of about $550 million from efficiencies in overlapping operations, promoting better use of mining and processing facilities, improving procurement practices, building a common information technology base, and spending cuts.

Glencore Xstrata currently owns the Nickel Rim South Mine and the Fraser Mine, along with a mill and smelter in the area while Vale owns 6 mines, a mill, a smelter and a refinery in and around Sudbury. The potential joining of these 2 companies could create one of the largest integrated mining operations on the globe (Reuters news service, November 11, 2013; Glencore Xstrata, news release, February 11, 2014).

KGHM INTERNATIONAL LTD.

During 2013, KGHM International Ltd (KGHM) operated 3 mines in the Sudbury area: Levack Mine–Morrison deposit, McCreedy West mine and Podolsky mine. A comparison of Q2 2013 and Q2 2012 production results is shown in Table 3. Final 2013 production figures were not available at the time of writing.

Morrison Deposit

The Morrison deposit is located on the North Range of the Sudbury Structure; part of the Levack mining complex.

The original Levack copper-nickel mine was discovered in 1887, with first production in 1915. After 100 years of operation, the mine was closed and put under care and maintenance. FNX Mining Company acquired the property in March 2002 and began commercial production in January 2007.

Continuing exploration work on the property resulted in the discovery of the Levack footwall deposit, (later changed to the Morrison deposit) in February 2005. Nickel mining in the old Levack Mine workings was halted in 2009, while mining of the high-grade Morrison deposit continues today. Access and mining operations on the Morrison deposit are now carried out from the adjoining Craig Mine under a co-operation agreement with Glencore Xstrata.

Table 3. A comparison of KGHM Sudbury operations’ Q2 of 2013 and Q2 of 2012 production results.

Copper production (kt) Q2 of 2013 Q2 of 2012 Morrison 4.5 3.7 Podolsky 0.0 2.6 McCreedy West 0.4 0.2 Nickel production (t) Morrison 726 544 Podolsky 0 91 Precious metals production (gold, platinum, palladium) (Koz) Morrison 8.1 7.7 Podolsky 0.3 5.5 McCreedy West 1.4 0.4 (Polish Financial Supervision Authority, Consolidated quarterly report QSr 2 / 2013, August 13, 2013). Abbreviations: t = tonnes; kt = kilotonnes ; Koz = 1000 ounces

McCreedy West Mine The McCreedy West Mine was first developed by Inco in 1970 and operated until 1998, when it was closed. KGHM began work on the McCreedy West property in 2002. Exploration resulted in the discovery of the contact nickel Inter Main deposit in 2002 which has been in production since 2003.

6 D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

In 2005, Sudbury’s first low-sulphide copper-nickel-platinum group deposit with stand-alone infrastructure was brought into production at McCreedy West. Contact nickel production was suspended at the end of 2008 due to low nickel prices while copper production continued through 2011 when production was halted due to low ore grade. Contact nickel production restarted in July 2011 in an arrangement with Xstrata Nickel, which processes the ore at its Strathcona mill. Production of contact nickel ore is currently ongoing. The 2013 production figures from McCreedy West were not available at the time of writing.

Podolsky Mine

KGHM ceased production at the Podolsky Mine at the end of March 2013, with the completion of mining of the economic resource. The mine is now under care and maintenance.

(KGHM International Ltd., MD&A 1st Quarter, March, 2013; Polish Financial Supervision Authority, Consolidated quarterly report QSr 2 / 2013, August 13, 2013; www.quadrafnx.com, accessed February 2014).

PROPHECY PLATINUM CORP.

Shakespeare Mine

Prophecy Platinum’s Shakespeare PGM (platinum group metals)-Ni-Cu project is a fully permitted, production- ready open pit mine in Shakespeare Township, recently acquired from Ursa Major Minerals Ltd.

The company has an Impact and Benefit Agreement with the nearby Sagamok Anishnawbek First Nation.

The mine is currently on care and maintenance while the company completes a review of opportunities for cost reductions in milling and smelting, ore haulage and refinement of the mine plan/site operations. The company plans to make a decision by Q2 of 2014 on returning the mine to commercial production.

During 2013, Prophecy re-sampled ore, conducted the property review and completed metallurgical studies and engineering updates.

When operating, Shakespeare’s expected annual production is 25 000 oz of PGM and gold, 8 million lbs of nickel and 10 million lbs of copper. Diluted and Probable Reserves at the open pit have been estimated at 11.8 Mt at 0.33 g/t Pt, 0.36 g/t Pd, 0.18 g/t Au, 0.33% Ni and 0.35% Cu (Prophecy Platinum Corp., press release, July 30, 2013, and Northern Ontario Business, news article, September 11, 2013).

VALE

Vale produces finished nickel in Sudbury from integrated mining, milling, smelting, and refining operations. Sudbury facilities include 6 underground mines, 1 open pit, the Clarabelle mill, the Copper Cliff smelter, the Copper Cliff nickel refinery, 3 sulphuric acid plants, 1 liquid sulphur plant, and 1 oxygen plant.

During 2013, Vale operated the following underground mines in Sudbury: Creighton, Garson, Copper Cliff North, Stobie, Coleman and Ellen (see Figure 2) and the Gertrude open pit. Nickel-copper ore production through Q3 2013 is compared to total production (2011-2012) for Vale’s Sudbury Operations in Table 4.

A nickel intermediate product, nickel oxide, is shipped to nickel refineries in Wales, Taiwan, China and South Korea for processing into finished nickel. Copper recovered from Sudbury nickel operations is customarily used to produce copper concentrate and copper anode. Electrowon copper cathode (lower purity) is also produced.

Significant quantities of platinum group metals (PGM), as well as gold and silver, are produced as by-products of nickel operations at Sudbury (Table 5). Vale operates a precious metals upgrading facility at Port Colborne, Ontario, which produces PGM, gold and silver intermediate products.

7 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

Table 4. Nickel-copper production comparison and total reserves for Vale’s Sudbury Operations.

Commodity 2013 2012 2013/2012 Total Proven & (tonnes) % Change Probable Reserves (Dec. 31, 2012) Nickel 69 000 65 000 + 5.9% 97.9 Mt averaging 1.16% Copper 103 000 79 000 + 31.1% 97.9 Mt averaging 1.48%

Table 5. By-product production comparison for Vale’s Sudbury Operations.

By-Products 2013 2012 2013/2012 % Change Cobalt (tonnes) 845 589 + 43.4% Platinum (troy oz) 145 000 134 000 + 8.4% Palladium (troy oz) 352 000 251 000 + 40.2% Gold (troy oz) 91 000 69 000 + 33.1% Silver (troy oz) 1 915 000 2 012 000 - 4.8% (Intierra, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, Form 6-K for the month of February 2013; Intierra Limited, Form 6K: 3Q13 Production Report , September 2013; 2013 & Q413 Production Report, February 2014 ).

Totten Mine

Totten Mine is located in Drury Township, west of Sudbury in the community of Worthington. Roughly 600 people and 6 contractors are working to bring the mine to commercial production by early 2014.

Vale’s sixth operating mine in the Sudbury Basin, Totten is expected to start up at 500 tonnes per day (tpd) and increase production to an output of 2200 tpd, supplying 10% of the feed to the Clarabelle Mill by 2015–2016. The mine is expected to employ 150 people and have a lifespan of 20 years.

In 2013, Vale focussed on defining the orebody in preparation for first production, and additional exploration is set for 2014. Drilling and geophysical data show potential to expand the mine both vertically and horizontally.

Sagamok First Nation, on whose traditional territory the mine is located, has negotiated an impact and benefits agreement with Vale, affording the community opportunities for jobs, training, education and programs dedicated to culture and language retention.

Sagamok has secured the contract to haul ore from Totten to the Clarabelle Mill in Copper Cliff and is working with project partners on a new miner training program, which provides Sagamok residents with an introduction to underground mining through classroom and on-the-job training.

Copper Cliff Smelter

Early in the year, Vale announced that it would move to a single-furnace operation at its Copper Cliff smelter in Sudbury, citing volatile market conditions and cost challenges. This decision slowed implementation of the Clean Atmospheric Emissions Reduction (AER) program (aimed to reduce sulphur dioxide emissions by 70% from current levels), and cut the original cost of the program from $2 billion to $1 billion over the next 2 years. Total refined nickel production was not affected.

Other News

In the first quarter, the company cut 30 non-union support and service jobs in Sudbury to reduce costs and signed a 20-year agreement with Silver Wheaton to sell 70% of the gold from its Sudbury Operations.

8 D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

(Canadian & American Mines Handbook, 2013–2014, 82nd Edition, p. 475-477; Northern Ontario Business, article, Jan. 11, 2013; The Sudbury Star, news article, Mar. 20, 2013; Sudbury Mining Solutions, article by Norm Tollinsky, Nov. 22, 2013 and Northern Ontario Business, article by Lindsay Kelly, Dec. 9, 2013; 2013 & Q413 Production Report, February 2014). Industrial Mineral Production

Reflecting the sluggish economic recovery, industrial mineral production for a variety of commodities declined in the Sudbury District in 2013. Commodities produced include dolostone, silica, trap rock, flagstone, organic soil conditioner, crushed garnet and several varieties of coloured landscape stone and aggregate (Table 6 and Figure 3). Several companies and individuals extracted sand and gravel for various purposes.

LAFARGE CANADA LIMITED—MELDRUM BAY OPERATIONS

Lafarge Canada Incorporated extracts approximately 5 million tonnes of dolostone annually from its Meldrum Bay quarry in Dawson Township on the western end of Manitoulin Island. Massive Paleozoic dolostone is excavated in a single lift of about 30 m in height. The material is classified as 70% construction aggregate and 30% metallurgical grade flux. Lake freighters transport the material to markets in southern Ontario and the United States. The operation is the largest of its kind in Ontario. The company plans to expand the operation to 7 million tonnes annually.

MOHAWK GARNET INC.

Mohawk Garnet Inc., near Sudbury, used a $4.3 million investment from the Northern Ontario Heritage Fund Corp. (NOHFC) to transform crystalline garnet into fine or coarse powder for abrasive applications such as air blasting and water-jet cutting.

The project includes the construction of a wet plant near a garnet deposit in Wahnapitae and construction of a dry plant located on Kukagami Road. Activities at the wet plant include crushing, flotation and separation of materials, while processes at the dry plant involve drying, screening and packaging. Production capacity is expected to reach approximately 1000 tonnes of abrasive per day when the plants are fully operational.

The investment will create 62 jobs for pit operators, heavy equipment operators, warehouse workers, millwrights and electricians, with the potential for more than 100 jobs by the end of 2014.

The company has evaluated about 50 per cent of the garnet deposit so far, and has determined the lifetime of the open-pit quarry would be in excess of 100 years at current rates of extraction (sourced from Sudbury Northern Life article by Jonathan Migneault, November 15, 2013; Northern Ontario Business, November 15, 2013 and The Sudbury Star, November 16, 2013).

TAILLEFER QUARRY

Edgar Taillefer owns a dimension stone quarry in Aylmer Township which produced stone facing for several buildings in Sudbury, as well as the International Center in Mississauga. The quarry lay dormant for a few years but was recently commissioned by Laurentian University to provide stone for use in the construction of the new Architectural School in downtown Sudbury. Approximately 8 000 to 10 000 square feet of thin veneer stone produced from the Taillefer deposit will enhance the exterior the Elm Street building, currently under construction (E. Taillefer, personal communication, 2013).

THE ROCK CENTRE

The Rock Centre focuses on landscape products including decorative stone and speciality aggregates. The company now operates 6 quarries in Poitras Township. They also offer unique items like flower pots, stone inuksuks and have the ability to customize products with engraving (www.therockcentre.ca).

9 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

Table 6. Industrial mineral and dimension stone producers in the Sudbury District in 2013 (keyed to Figure 3).

No. Company/Individual Township/Area Commodity 1 1267840 Ontario Inc./McFayden’s Stone Quarry Franklin Flagstone, masonry stone 2 2294669 Ontario Limited on behalf of Robinson Dimension stone Odawa Stone Ltd. Partnership 3 Algonquin Stone Franklin Flagstone 4 Allstone Quarry Products Inc. Bigwood Landscape stone 5 Birkendale Natural Stone Limited Franklin Flagstone 6 Brent Quarries Medora, Humphrey, Flagstone Watt 7 Callander Industries Ltd. McAuslan, Jocko, Veneer stone, mica stone LaSalle 8 Canadian Colour Rock Inc. Gordon, Robinson, Flagstone Aylmer 9 Colonial Brick & Stone Inc. - Weatheredge Robinson Flagstone, dimension stone, Quarry landscape stone 10 Cushman Stone and Gravel Perry Flagstone 11 Fowler Construction Company Limited McDougall, MacAulay Flagstone 12 Glencore Xstrata Falconbridge Sulphuric acid (smelter by-product) 13 Keystone Granite Franklin Flagstone 14 Lafarge Canada Inc. – Meldrum Bay Quarry Dawson Dolomite, metallurgical and chemical stone, aggregate 15 Miller Aggregates Stephenson Landscape stone 16 Mill Lake Stone Quarry Limited McDougall Flagstone 17 Mohawk Garnet Inc. Street Garnet abrasive 18 NaturStone Corporation McAuslan Landscape stone, dimension stone 19 Newholm Aggregates Brunel Veneer stone 20 Silicorp Developments Inc. Wyse Silica, landscape stone 21 Taillfer Quarry Aylmer Dimension stone 22 Ted Boyes and Sons Construction Limited Ryerson Flagstone 23 The Rock Centre Poitras Landscape stone, flagstone 24 Trillium Stone Inc. Ryerson Flagstone, armour stone 25 Upper Canada Stone Company Ltd. Gibbons Landscape stone 26 Vale McKim Sulphuric acid (smelter by-product) 27 Vale – Lawson Quarry Whitefish Falls area Silica 28 Van Dyk Natural Stone Supplies Inc. - Van Dyk Franklin Flagstone Quarry

10 D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

. Ontario Geological Survey (2011) Survey Geological Ontario

from ; geology geology ; Industrial mineral and dimension stone producers in the Sudbury District in 2013 (keyed to Table 6) Table to (keyed 2013 in District Sudbury the in producers stone dimension and mineral Industrial Figure 3.

11 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

ADVANCED EXPLORATION Nickel, Copper and Platinum Group Elements

KGHM INTERNATIONAL LTD.

Victoria Property

KGHM has become the sole operator of the Victoria copper-nickel project near Sudbury, under a recent agreement with Vale Canada. The deal gives KGHM responsibility for building and operating the project, and Vale will receive a royalty and off-take on all future production from the mine.

The Victoria property is located at the junction of the SIC and the Worthington offset dike. The footwall rocks in this area consist of a Paleoproterozoic Huronian Supergroup assemblage of repetitions of metasedimentary sequences with felsic and mafic metavolcanic rocks and gabbroic intrusive rocks. The Worthington offset dike joins the Main Mass of the SIC in an intensely faulted and poorly exposed embayment structure at the location of the historic Victoria Mine site.

The scope of the project involves the establishment of permanent and temporary surface and underground facilities to support an advanced exploration underground diamond drilling program.

The advanced exploration program is focused between 1000 m and 1800 m below surface. Surface works will involve site preparation and the construction of site services, exploration shaft hoist facility, compressor house; shop/warehouse; core shack; construction dry and offices; waste water treatment plant and various laydown and parking areas as well as an access road to the site.

Underground works include a 6.7 m diameter exploration shaft to a depth of 1892 m; lateral development on the 14, 16 and 18 levels; diamond drilling on these three levels and the extraction of a bulk sample of up to 40 000 tonnes from 18 Level.

The ore body at Victoria is described as a "Frood style" south range breccia, minable with underground methods. During the last quarter of 2011, the Inferred Resource was estimated to be 14.5 million tonnes grading 2.5% Ni, 2.5% Cu and 7.6 g/t total precious metals.

On-going activities at Victoria continued in 2013 with respect to environmental and engineering work. Consultation with First Nation communities has progressed, and project permitting is under way. The Mine Closure Plan was submitted to MNDM in September 2013.

In August 2013, KGHM International Ltd. and FNX Mining Company Inc. entered into an agreement with Vale Canada Limited which provides the framework for KGHM to develop the Victoria project. KGHM will retain its 100% ownership of Victoria and Vale will receive a 2.25% Net Smelter Return royalty on all future production from the project.

In addition, KGHM, FNX and Vale re-negotiated and signed an off-take agreement for all of KGHM’s production from its mines in the Sudbury basin in August. The estimated value of the agreement for the 5 years following the effective date of the agreement (January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2017) is approximately US$1.13 billion. (Canadian Mining Journal, article, August 6, 2013; www.quadrafnx.com, accessed February 2014).

PACIFIC NORTH WEST CAPITAL CORPORATION

River Valley Project

Pacific Northwest Capital Corp. (PFN) holds the River Valley PGM-Cu-Ni deposit in Dana and Pardo townships about 60 km east of Sudbury, where PGM-Cu-Ni sulphide mineralization occurs in the River Valley intrusion (RVI), a shallow-dipping, layered mafic intrusion about 900 m thick. The project is under 2 mining leases and covers an area of 5381 hectares.

12 D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

Work to date at River Valley suggests that the best potential for economic mineralization is within the Breccia Zone, which includes the main mineralized zone. This zone occurs within about 20 m of the intrusive contact with country rocks. This contact zone extends for over 9 km of prospective strike length and hosts the currently defined resource.

PFN was in a joint venture with Anglo American Platinum Corporation Limited at River Valley from 1999 to 2008, spending approximately $22 million completing several phases of trenching, surface sampling and mapping, and 8 diamond drilling programs.

Since becoming the sole owner of the project in 2011, PFN has conducted environmental baseline studies, completed more than 15 500 m of diamond drilling and more than 140 line-kilometers of 3-D IP geophysics surveying.

In 2012, an NI 43-101 Mineral Resource Estimate was completed at River Valley:

• Measured + Indicated resources: 91.3 Mt at 0.84 g/t Pd+Pt+Au, 0.06% Cu, 0.02% Ni and 0.002% Co • Inferred resources: 36 Mt at 0.53 g/t Pd+Pt+Au, 0.06% Cu, 0.03% Ni and 0.002% Co

During 2013 PFN completed metallurgical testing, mineralogical and chemical analyses, rod and ball mill grindability and abrasion studies, bench scale flotation tests for high-grade sulphide concentrate and arranged flow- through financing for diamond drilling and further exploration in Dana and Pardo townships as well as on 2 additional adjacent properties. Diamond drilling will include targets in the footwall to the RVI, including potential footwall embayments and magma feeder features interpreted during the 2012 exploration program (Pacific North West Capital Corp., press releases, April 10, July 15 and 25 and August 19, 2013).

WALLBRIDGE MINING COMPANY LIMITED

Broken Hammer Project

Wallbridge Mining Company Limited has several mineral projects in the Sudbury area, including the permitting stage Broken Hammer open pit mine development project in Wisner Township.

To date, all permit applications have been submitted and the Production Closure Plan has been accepted and filed by the Ministry of Northern Development and Mines. Other permits with the Ministry of Natural Resources and the Ministry of the Environment are in progress.

A prefeasibility study was completed late in 2012, giving the project a 12-month life with projected earnings before taxes, depreciation, and amortization of $8.4 million.

Broken Hammer mineralization forms a stockwork of mineralized structures with several orientations ranging from centimetres up to about 10 m in true thickness. Because of the irregular nature of the veins, the true width of individual mineralized intervals is variable.

Along strike from Broken Hammer, Wallbridge has identified high-grade copper-PGE occurrences and geophysical targets. Mineralization discovered in 2012 extended the Southeast Zone, part of a 1 km long trend of Cu-PGE mineralization and geophysical anomalies.

Five new diamond drill holes were completed at the project this winter to support geotechnical studies and final pit design (Figure 4). Highlights of the drilling include:

• 12.07 m of 3.80 g TPM/t, 0.33% Cu, 0.03% Ni below the current pit, outside the resource • 0.88 m of 58.45g TPM/t, 1.06% Cu, 0.08% Ni below the current pit, outside the resource

In a September update, the Indicated Mineral Resource at Broken Hammer was increased, the Probable Mineral Reserve was increased and the stripping ratio was reduced from 8.7 to 7.8 because of a new pit wall slope design.

13 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

Figure 4. Broken Hammer Drilling completed during winter 2013, (Wallbridge Mining Company Limited, press release, May 7, 2013).

Summary of the Broken Hammer Updated Mineral Resource Estimate:

• Indicated: 259 500 t at 0.88% Cu, 0.10% Ni, 2.32 g/t Pt, 2.10 g/t Pd, 0.77 g/t Au and 6.95 g/t Ag • Probable: 205 000 t at 0.92% Cu, 0.10% Ni, 2.07 g/t Pt, 1.89 g/t Pd, 0.63 g/t Au and 6.63 g/t Ag

Late in the year, Wallbridge signed an agreement with Northern Sun Mining Corp. (formerly Liberty Mines Inc.) for the custom milling of Broken Hammer ore at Northern Sun's Redstone concentrator in Timmins. Most permits are in place and negotiations with copper smelters and mining contractors are underway. When these arrangements are complete, expected to be in early 2014, a production decision will be made to start construction in March 2014 with the expectation of ore delivery in May 2014, after road half-load restrictions are lifted. It is expected that the project will proceed in late 2014 Q1 and start generating cash flow in 2014 Q2.

Broken Hammer is primarily a copper and platinum group elements deposit. The decision to use Northern Sun's Redstone Mill is based on positive preliminary metallurgical study data from Xstrata Process Support. The mill has a gravity concentrator which will provide recovery of precious metals. Processing of the ore in a dedicated circuit at Redstone removes the requirement for a sample tower on site, resulting in a reduction in crushing costs. These factors are expected to mitigate increased transport costs incurred in shipping the ore to Timmins (Wallbridge Mining Company Limited, press releases, January 18, March 26, May 7, September 18, December 12 and 17, 2013). Zinc, Copper, Lead, Silver and Gold

GLENCORE XSTRATA

Glencore Xstrata has plans to reopen the Errington and Vermilion past-producing mines, both located in the southwestern corner of the Sudbury Basin. These Zn-Cu-Pb-Ag-Au deposits are hosted in a local and distinct carbonate chert unit, the Vermilion member, located at the contact between the top of the Onaping formation and the base of the Onwatin formation within a shear zone, and have a high magnetic signature. The ore bodies are intensely folded, faulted and offset by steep southeasterly dipping reverse faults.

Errington

The Errington Mine, located in Balfour and Creighton townships, operated from 1924 to 1928. The company has more than a dozen studies completed or underway at Errington, including archeology, water, risk management,

14 D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

geochemistry and species at risk. Definition drilling totalling 40 000 m has been completed since September 2012.

Xstrata Zinc will invest $315 million in capital costs to bring the Errington Mine into production. A concentrator will be constructed 3 km from the Strathcona mill site. By 2016, the company forecasts production of 2900 tpd. The mine has an estimated life of 7 to 10 years and will employ about 250 people.

The Errington deposit will be mined before the company shifts its focus to the Vermilion Mine.

Vermilion

The Vermilion Mine, located in Fairbank Township, was in operation from 1952 to 1957.

Most of the deposit is situated under Vermilion Lake. Definition drilling of about 10 000 m has been completed since September 2012 (Company Information Session, April 5, 2013 and Rousell, D.H., 1981 and 1983). Industrial Minerals

NORTHERN GRAPHITE CORPORATION

Bissett Creek Project

Northern Graphite Corporation (NGC) holds 100% interest in the Bissett Creek mining lease and surrounding claims in a graphitic gneiss deposit near Mattawa, in Maria Township. The property consists of 6 unpatented mineral claims and a mineral lease covering about 1189 ha in total area.

Proposed development of the deposit consists of an open pit mine and a processing plant with conventional crushing, grinding and flotation circuits followed by concentrate drying and screening. Production is aimed to be almost entirely large and extra-large flake concentrates.

In August, the Ministry of Northern Development and Mines accepted the Bissett Creek Mine Closure Plan for filing and a mining lease for the project was granted.

During the year, NGC revised economic projections from a 2012 Feasibility Study (FS) through a Preliminary Economic Assessment following a NI 43-101 FS update to incorporate a larger resource model and new mine plan as well as modifications to capital and operating cost assumptions based on lower graphite prices.

The revised mine plan includes:

• capital costs of $101.6 million • cash costs of $795 per tonne of concentrate • switch from contract to owner mining • modification of the SAG mill drive and discharge layout • mine life increased to 28 years • plant capacity of 2670 tonnes per day • compressed natural gas trucked 15 km from the main line to site

In light of the decision to employ an in-house mining strategy, NGC signed an agreement with Caterpillar Corporation to purchase up to US$17.5 million in mining and power equipment for the Bissett Creek project.

As part of the estimated capital costs for the project, NGC awarded contracts for the front-end engineering and design for the project to a joint venture of Porcupine Engineering Services (PES) and BECMA Ltd. PES-BECMA agreed to prepare plans for the processing facility and related infrastructure.

Research and development at Bissett Creek in 2013 involved working with research laboratories and testing facilities in Canada and the US, and with equipment manufacturers in the US and Japan.

15 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

Highlights include:

• development of a proprietary process for purifying concentrates to consistently and economically achieve graphite purity of 99.95% and higher • completion of bulk-sample and pilot-plant testing • laboratory-scale testing to purify and micronize both spherical and flake graphite • research to develop an alternative to wet chemical and thermal purification processes • collaboration with Coulometrics LLC to manage development of technologies for manufacturing spherical graphite and improving performance of lithium ion batteries • research on the development of nanomaterial-based surface coatings for spherical graphite

In Spring 2013, NGC announced results from a 61-hole, 3782 m diamond drilling program, upgrading some Inferred Resources to the Measured and Indicated categories (Table 7).

Table 7. Bissett Creek 2013 Resource Estimate.

Measured + Indicated Resources Inferred Resources Cutoff Tonnage Cg% In Situ Graphite Tonnage Cg% In Situ Graphite (t) (t) 1.02 69,791,000 1.74 1,213,000 24,038,000 1.65 396,000 1.50 37,565,000 2.14 803,000 11,971,000 2.02 242,000 1.75 23,439,000 2.45 574,000 6,274,000 2.39 150,000 2.00 15,902,000 2.73 435,000 3,564,000 2.79 100,000

(Northern Graphite Corporation, press releases, January 8, March 7, May 7, August 26, September 23, October 23, November 11, 2013, Goldmineweb Daily News, business article, January 22, 2013, www.marketwired.com, report, July 8, 2013, www.miningweekly.com, article, September 30, 2013). EXPLORATION ACTIVITY

Mineral exploration in the Sudbury District continued to exceed the low of 2009 because of better metal prices (Table 9 and Figure 5). One hundred reports of work were filed for assessment credit in the Sudbury District in 2013 (Table 10 and Figure 6). Many of the junior mining companies found new financing and resumed ongoing projects.

As in previous years, copper, platinum group metals and nickel were the main commodities sought, with interest also shown in other base metals along with gold, silver, cobalt, and uranium. Mineral deposits that were not being mined in the Sudbury District in 2013 are listed in Table 11.

Precious metals suffered heavy losses during the year. Spot price gold registered a high of $1613 per ounce in January and declined steadily to around $1190 at the end of December for a loss of about 26%. Similarly, silver began at $30.88 per ounce and ended at $19.50 for a loss of 37% over the year (www.kitco.com).

Though less volatile than the precious metals, base metals also finished lower at the end of 2013, with nickel losing about 20% and copper about 5.5% lower in December than in January (www.philatron.com, www.indexmundi.com).

Despite the decline in price there was a fairly good interest in gold prospects in the district during 2013, mostly in an arcuate band of soda-metasomatized rocks of the Huronian Supergroup metasediments which starts in the eastern Wahnapitae region and extends south of Capreol.

The search for industrial minerals focused on garnet, silica, kyanite, graphite, dimension stone, agricultural calcium phosphate, mica, trap rock and other potential aggregate resources.

In addition to grass-roots prospecting and major mining company projects, junior mining companies explored wholly owned, optioned or joint-ventured properties. Many of these efforts occurred within or near the Sudbury Intrusive Complex (SIC) contact sublayer or in associated quartz diorite offset dikes outside the SIC, either radiating

16 D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

from or concentric to the contact sublayer. Exploration associated with Nipissing diabase dikes, Archean greenstone belts and metasedimentary rocks of the Paleoproterozoic Huronian Supergroup was also undertaken. Nickel, Copper and Platinum Group Elements

TEARLACH RESOURCES LIMITED

Foy Hess Property

Tearlach Resources Limited’s (Tearlach) Foy Hess property is composed of 11 mineral claims covering inclusion- bearing quartz diorite offset dikes on the North Range of the Sudbury Basin. Previous work identified 3 zones of disseminated nickel/copper/PGM sulphide mineralization within the plane of the dikes. Surface stripping and washing of the Banana Lake (Hess dike) and Sandcherry (Foy dike) anomalies exposed the sulphide zones as 20 to 60 m wide and up to 600 m long. Grab samples of disseminated blebby sulfides in the zones carried values of 0.1 to 0.3 % Ni and 0.1 to 0.3% Cu with up to 0.5 ppm of combined platinum, palladium and gold.

During the year ended September 30, 2013 a Beep Mat survey and channel sampling were completed on the East Banana Lake prospect. The Foy Hess property is, to date, without a known body of economic mineralization and work on the property continues to be of an exploration nature only.

In 2014, Tearlach plans manual stripping at the East Banana Lake prospect at selected sites of quartz diorite outcrop and at the site of an anomalous EM conductor. This will be followed by detailed mapping and sampling, with power stripping where warranted (Tearlach Resources Limited, MD&A, September 2013).

TRANSITION METALS CORP

Aer-Kidd Project

The Aer-Kidd project is located approximately 20 km southwest of Sudbury, Ontario along the Worthington offset dike in Drury and Denison townships.

The property, acquired from CaNickel Mines Ltd. in September, 2012, covers a 1.3 km section of the Worthington offset dike including the former producing Howland Pit, Robinson and Rosen mines. The surface expression of the dike ranges in width from 10 m up to 75 m on the property.

Transition Metals Corp. completed down-hole geophysical surveying in 2013 to better define drill targets and has committed to an initial $1.2 million exploration program to be completed in 2014, including data compilation, borehole geophysics and about 5 diamond drill holes (Transition Metals Corp. information session, February 18, 2014).

WALLBRIDGE MINING COMPANY LIMITED

Wallbridge Mining Company Limited has several exploration to prefeasibility stage mineral projects in the Sudbury area. These include the permitting stage Broken Hammer Mine development project and significant exploration joint ventures (JV) with partners Lonmin Plc, Impala Platinum Holdings Limited, Glencore and a number of junior mining companies.

While the focus of exploration in 2013 was on JV with Lonmin and Impala Platinum, Wallbridge has interests in an additional 12 projects within the Sudbury area, including targets on the East Range, Drury and Worthington properties.

North Range JV

The North Range Joint Venture (NRJV) properties include over 62 km of offset dikes, mostly discovered by Wallbridge in recent years, including 6 km of offset dikes discovered during the past field season. Offset dikes are the host structure for about 25% of the ore mined in Sudbury.

17 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

Currently the NRJV includes 15 properties covering an area of 417 km2. Since 2007, Wallbridge has defined 66 km of offset dikes on the NRJV and these are being explored for offset-style Ni-Cu-PGE mineralization. With the completion of airborne geophysics in 2013, Wallbridge has over 15 000 km of airborne geophysical data covering the North Range of the Sudbury Basin.

The 2013 NRJV program, which ran from October 2012 through September 2013, had an approved budget of US$1.1million funded solely by Lonmin. Work included mapping, prospecting, ground and airborne geophysics as well as drilling to test conductive anomalies.

During 2013, 9.6 km of surface EM geophysics, 920 km of airborne EM geophysics and 1400 m of drilling and borehole geophysics were completed. Drilling intersected 40 m true thickness of trace blebby sulfide within inclusion quartz diorite in the 60 m-thick, near-vertical Foy offset dike. Drilling continues to test geophysical anomalies nearby.

Lonmin approved a $3.5M exploration program on the NRJV over the period from October 2013 to September 2014. The program will include ground EM geophysics to confirm and constrain a number of airborne conductors. This will be followed by drilling and borehole geophysics to test the targets for Ni-Cu-PGM.

The Wisner properties cover a 10 km strike length of prospective geology in the North Range for footwall type Cu- PGE mineralization, including several known Cu-PGE occurrences. The initial exploration program on the Wisner Properties is underway with re-processing of existing geophysical data, completion of airborne geophysics, and ground geophysical surveys this winter. Follow-up drilling was expected to start in mid-late winter.

Parkin Offset JV

The Parkin Offset Joint Venture covers a 9.4 km strike length of the Parkin offset dike that includes

• the past-producing Milnet Mine • a small NI 43-101 Indicated Resource • the Milnet 1500 Zone • several high grade surface showings

A review and compilation of historical drill information was completed and an updated geological model was created in the first half of 2013. Targets were identified from surface down to 1500 m within the dike.

Sudbury Camp JV

The Sudbury Camp Joint Venture (SCJV) with Lonmin plc was formed in 2002 to explore for PGE, nickel and copper. Currently, the SCJV encompasses 7 properties covering an area 163 km2, (Skynner Lake, Foy, Windy, Cascaden, Trill, Trill West and Creighton South).

The 2013 SCJV program, which ran from October 2012 through September 2013, had a budget of US$1.0 million funded solely by Lonmin. The main focus of the 2013 program was to test diamond drill targets on the Skynner Lake project.

During the first half of 2013, 3029 m of drilling was completed on the Skynner Lake project, including 5 new holes, deepening of an existing hole and borehole geophysics to reach IP anomalies within Sudbury breccia structures.

Lonmin Plc committed to fund $3.1 million to explore on the SCJV and NRJV with Wallbridge. Diamond drilling and geophysical surveying will take place during Lonmin's 2014 fiscal year from October 2013 through September 2014. Work will focus mainly on the Trill and Skynner Lake properties.

The Trill property is on the western rim of the Sudbury Basin, about 12 km northwest of Vale's Totten Mine and KGHM International's Victoria project, and is being explored for offset dike style Ni-Cu-PGE mineralization hosted in inclusion-bearing phases of quartz diorite within offset dike structures. In 2013 Wallbridge traced the surface expression of the Trill offset dike 3.5 km east from the Trill showing towards the Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC).

18 D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

Work in 2014 will include EM ground geophysics followed by drilling and borehole geophysics.

The Skynner Lake property is located on the East Range of the Sudbury Basin, 8 km northwest of Glencore's Nickel Rim South Mine. The property is being explored with diamond drilling and borehole geophysics for footwall style Cu-PGE mineralization. In 2013, Wallbridge completed 3026 m of drilling at Skynner Lake to identify an extensive Sudbury breccia structure along the base of the SIC. This year's program will continue to test this structure for footwall style PGE-Cu mineralization (Wallbridge Mining Company Limited, press releases, January 18, August 13, September 18, October 10, December 12 and 17, 2013). Copper, Zinc, Lead and Gold VMS VENTURES LTD. Terra Incognita project The Black Creek property is situated in southwest Parkin Township and eastern Hutton Township about 30 km north of Sudbury, comprising 63 mining claims containing 93 units.

The property is characterized by inter-bedded, altered and mineralized Archean felsic and mafic volcanic rocks mineralized with sphalerite, chalcopyrite and galena. Paleo river channels on the property host alluvial gold which is thought to be related to the reworking of a glacial dispersion fan.

The company completed a 440.6 m winter diamond drilling program which began in early March 2013, targeting both gold and base metal mineralization. Three diamond drill holes followed up time domain (TDEM) and very low frequency (VLF-EM) electromagnetic surveys and metal mobile ion (MMITM) geochemical anomalies (VMS Ventures Ltd., press releases, March 4 and May 1, 2013). Gold GINGURO EXPLORATION INC. Pardo JV Property Ginguro Exploration Inc. (Ginguro) is the operator at the Pardo project, a 113 km2 paleo-placer gold property located 65 km north-east of Sudbury and held in joint venture (JV) with Endurance Gold Corporation (Endurance). Previous work on the property included the following:

• 2009 diamond drilling program intersected gold bearing conglomerate in 14 of 17 holes and confirmed extensions to mineralized basal conglomerate • 2010 drilling identified major unconformity at the base of the conglomerate • 2012 trenching and shallow drilling discovered a high grade gold zone at surface

During winter 2013, a review of diamond-drill core from more than 340 holes was completed, with relogging of selected cores. A correlation of depositional surfaces was also completed to define sedimentological relationships at Pardo.

In 2013 field crews were active in May, prospecting, grab sampling and cutting diamond saw channels for assaying. Two new areas were identified that returned the highest-grade material found to date at Pardo: the 007 Zone and the Eastern Reef, 600 m apart in the north-central part of the property.

The 007 Zone has been tested with 4 separate channel samples comprised of continuous 50 cm sampling intervals. Assay results are summarized as follows:

• Channel 106 averaged 36.5 g/t gold across 31 meters • Channel 109 averaged 7.8 g/t gold across 7.5 meters • Channel 110 averaged 28.7 g/t gold across 20 meters • Channel 114 averaged 2.2 g/t gold across 5.5 meters

19 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

The Eastern Reef has been uncovered over 200 m in a north-south direction and variably up to 50 m east-west. Drilling in 2010 and 2012, together with gold bearing conglomerates mapped at surface, outline an area of at least 700 by 700 m containing gold-enriched basal conglomerates.

Assays from Eastern Reef stripped exposures have been received from 5 separate channel samples cut to date. Results are summarized as follows:

• Channel 107 averaged 4.2 g/t gold across 92.5 meters • Channel 111 averaged 5.5 g/t gold across 6.5 meters • Channel 112 averaged 4.8 g/t gold across 9.5 meters • Channel 113 averaged 5.4 g/t gold across 14.5 meters • Channel 108 averaged 2.8 g/t gold across 49.5 meters

Channel lengths represent gold values over the surface area sampled within the conglomerate outcrop and not true thicknesses of the gold bearing conglomerate, which is estimated at between 3 and 6 m at the Eastern Reef and about 2 m at the 007 Zone. Due to the near flat-lying sedimentary strata, it was not possible to cut samples across the gold- bearing layers. Samples were collected parallel or perpendicular to the interpreted paleochannel direction.

Maps of the Eastern Reef and the 007 Zone illustrating the channel sample locations, as well as tables showing detailed assay results, can be found at www.ginguro.com.

Ginguro believes that the 007 Zone and the Eastern Reef represent gold-enriched channels of an extensive braided stream system. Because of irregular gold distribution due to the nugget effect, gold contents will be more reliably established when larger samples are analyzed.

Both the Eastern Reef and the 007 Zone are located within the Pardo JV property. Ginguro holds a 55% interest and Endurance Gold Corporation holds the remaining interest in the Pardo JV. Ginguro funded 100% of the most recent program, aiming to increase their stake in Pardo to 70.95%.

In October, Ginguro announced arbitration proceedings against Endurance to enforce rights under their 2012 JV agreement relating to the Pardo property. An arbitrator was appointed in December, 2013 (Ginguro Exploration Inc., press releases, April 10, August 15 and 29, September 4, 6 and 24, October 24 and December 19, 2013; Endurance Gold Corporation, press release, December 3, 2013).

TRUECLAIM EXPLORATION INC. Scadding Gold Property Trueclaim Exploration Inc. (TRM) has an option to acquire up to a 100% interest in the Scadding Gold property in Scadding Township. The property consists of 7 contiguous mining leases containing 56 mining claims. Gold mineralization is hosted by structurally controlled chloritic breccia within the Serpent Formation of the Huronian Supergroup.

Scadding property diamond drilling highlights to date include 19.29 m at 12.9 g/t, 15.78 m at 5.36 g/t and 10 m at 3.9 g/t including visible gold occurrences.

TRM is evaluating the potential of tailings produced during past production at the property. Sampling and tailings depth determination were completed via trenching and split core drilling in 2013 (Trueclaim Exploration Inc., press release, January 16, 2013). Graphite GALAXY GRAPHITE CORP. Laurier Graphite Property Galaxy Graphite Corp. holds 2300 ha on 46 unpatented mining claims in Laurier Township 40 km south of North Bay.

20 D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

The property hosts a graphite deposit in gneissic rocks of the Central Metasedimentary Belt in the Grenville geological province.

Mapping, prospecting and channel sampling performed on the Laurier graphite property defined magnetic and VLF electromagnetic anomalies and located a zone of high grade graphite mineralization with grades up to 22% graphite.

The company received permitting on July 5, 2013 to allow commencement of a diamond drilling program. The permit is valid for 3 years (Galaxy Graphite Corp., press release, July 10, 2013). Lead, Zinc, Silver GREEN SWAN CAPITAL CORP. Geneva Lake Property Green Swan Capital Corp. holds 4 mineral claims in the Benny Greenstone Belt in Hess Township. The former Geneva Lake lead-zinc-silver mine (MDI41I13SE00002) is located on the claims. The mine produced 80 588 tons of ore with a grade of 3.34% lead and 9.21% zinc from 1941 to 1944 (historical data are not NI 43-101 compliant).

A Phase 1 diamond drilling program (996 m) and down-hole geophysical surveys were completed in early 2013 to assess underground VMS base metal mineralization around the historic mine workings. Though high-grade base metal mineralization was not intersected, anomalous low-grade mineralization over widths between 2 m and 9 m was recorded in 3 of 5 holes (Table 8). During the period limited geological mapping and prospecting were completed on the property.

(Green Swan Capital Corp., press release, February 4, 2013; company website: www.greenswancapital.com).

Table 8. Green Swan Phase 1 diamond drilling program results.

Hole From (m) To (m) Length (m) Ag (g/t) Cu (%) Pb (%) Zn (%) 1 140.00 142.00 2.00 0.24 0.01 0.17 0.58 2 253.00 257.00 4.00 0.06 0.01 0.05 0.48 Incl. 255.00 256.00 1.00 2.7 0.02 0.01 0.83 3* 157.00 166.00 9.00 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.46 Incl.* 160.00 162.00 2.00 0.04 0.02 0.04 0.95 *True widths have not been calculated.

Table 9. Exploration activity in the Sudbury District in 2013 (keyed to Figure 5). Abbreviations AEM ...... Airborne electromagnetic survey MD ...... Metal detector AMAG ...... Airborne magnetic survey METAL ...... Metallurgical testing ASSAY ...... Rock analysis MICRO ...... Microscopy BEEP ...... Beep mat EM survey PAN ...... Panning BHEM ...... Borehole EM PRMT ...... Permitting BULK ...... Bulk sampling PROSP ...... Prospecting CHNL-SAMP ...... Channel sampling RAD ...... Radiometric survey DD ...... Diamond drilling R&D ...... Research and Development DDH ...... Diamond drillhole(s) SAMP ...... Grab sampling DEWAT ...... Dewatering SCD ...... Split core drilling DRILL-COMP ...... Drillhole compilation SCINT ...... Scintilometer EM ...... Electromagnetic survey SOIL ...... Humus and other horizons analyses ENVIRO ...... Environmental study SOIL-SAMP ...... Soil sampling GMAP ...... Geological mapping SPEC ...... Spectrometry ICP-MS ...... Induced coupled plasma - mass spectrometry STRIP ...... Overburden stripping LC ...... Line cutting TRVS ...... Traverse MAG ...... Magnetic survey TRNCH ...... Bedrock trenching MAG-SUS ...... Magnetic susceptibility VLF-EM ...... Very low frequency EM survey MAN ...... Manual labour WASH ...... Washing/cleaning outcrop MAP ...... Mapping WHLRCK ...... Whole rock analyses

21 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

No. Company Name Property/Project Township(s) Type of Work

1 2254022 Ontario Ltd. Hutton Iron East Hutton LC, MAG, SCINT, RAD

2 2274659 Ontario Ltd. ~ Hutton GMAP Evangeline Lake 3 Aviles, R. G. (formerly Bob Tough McKinnon MD, STRIP Gold Mine) 4 Blue, P. G. ~ Shakespeare MAN, SOIL-SAMP, SOIL Bradley, J. D., Robertson, D. 5 Fortune Lake Davis SAMP, ASSAY, SOIL-SAMP, ICP-MS E. and McGill, L. J. Brady, J. G. and Chenier, L. 6 Copenhagen Kitchener 3 DDH/336.3 m, SAMP, ASSAY C. Brunette, R. A. and TRVS, GMAP, SAMP, STRIP, MAG-SUS, 7 ~ Clara, Maria Boudreau, E. Y. SPEC(ASSAY) 8 Canada Rare Earth Corp. Lavergne-Springer Field, Springer METAL

9 Delabbio, F. D. ~ Aylmer PAN, ASSAY Moncrieff, 10 Energold Minerals Inc Stralak-Benny area Craig, Stralak, AEM, AMAG Ulster 11 Fielding, R. J. Eagle’s Nest Rathbun GMAP, MAG-SUS, SAMP, ASSAY

12 Galaxy Capital Corp. Laurier Graphite Laurier PROSP, GMAP, CHNL-SAMP

13 Ginguro Exploration Inc. Pardo JV Pardo, Clement PROSP, SAMP, CHNL-SAMP, GMAP, ASSAY Balfour, 14a Glencore Xstrata Errington DD/40,000 m Creighton 14b Glencore Xstrata Vermillion Fairbank DD/~10,000 m

15 Green Swan Capital Corp. Geneva Lake Hess 5DDH/996m, BHEM, GMAP, PROSP, ASSAY

16 KGHM International Ltd. Victoria Denison PRMT LeBlanc, A. J. and Racicot, STRIP, WASH, CHNL-SAMP, SAMP, GMAP, 17 River Valley Crerar F. C. ASSAY Angelwolf East & 18 Leduc, D. W Nairn, Lorne SAMP, MICRO, ASSAY, WHLRCK Angelwolf Northeast 19 McCarty, J. G. ~ Ryerson MAN, STRIP, SAMP, MAP, DEWAT, LC Northern Graphite 20 Bissett Creek Maria 61 DDH/3782 m, R&D, BULK Corporation Pacific North West Capital 21 River Valley Dana 2 DDH/600m, SAMP, ASSAY, METAL, ENVIRO Corp. 22 Salo, L. J. Hutton Iron West Hutton LC, MAG, SCINT, RAD TRVS, GMAP, MAG, VLF-EM, SAMP, MICRO, 23 Sheppard, T. H. ~ Aylmer ASSAY 24 Simpson, J. R. ~ Stewart MAN, LC, TRVS, SAMP, ASSAY Tyrone, 25 Tearlach Resources Limited Foy Hess LC, BEEP, CHNL-SAMP Leinster, Harty 26 Transition Metals Corp. Aer-Kidd Drury, Denison DHGPHYS

27 Trueclaim Exploration Inc. Scadding Gold Scadding SAMP, TRNCH, SCD

28 Vale Canada Limited ~ Wisner 1 DDH/157m

29 VMS Ventures Inc. Terra Incognita Parkin, Hutton 3 DDH/440.6 m Wallbridge Mining Company 30a Broken Hammer Wisner 5 DDH Limited

22 D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

No. Company Name Property/Project Township(s) Type of Work Hess, Harty, Wallbridge Mining Company Foy, Bowell, 30b North Range JV MAP, PROSP, EM, AEM, DD/1400 m, BHEM Limited Hart, Cartier, Levack Wallbridge Mining Company 30c Parkin Offset JV Parkin DRILL-COMP Limited Parkin, Norman, Wallbridge Mining Company Capreol, 30d Sudbury Camp JV 6 DDH/3029 m, BHEM, DD/3026 m Limited Ermatinger, Cascaden, Creighton Xstrata Canada Corporation, 31 URSA Major Minerals Shakespeare Shakespeare MAN, 2 DDH/1,311 m, ASSAY, BHEM Incorporated

Rare Earth Elements

CANADA RARE EARTH CORP.

Lavergne–Springer Project

Canada Rare Earth Corp. holds the Lavergne–Springer REE (rare earth element) deposit, a 128 ha parcel of patented mineral claims north of Sturgeon Falls and 80 km east of Sudbury. Diamond drilling and mineral analysis results over the past 5 years indicate good potential for the deposit to become a medium sized producer of REE. The company has reported successful bench scale testing in the concentration of rare earth minerals by magnetic, gravity and flotation methods.

Positive results are highlighted as follows:

• Patented mining and surface rights with easy access to infrastructure • Proximity to an existing mining/metallurgical complex at Sudbury • Near surface resource amenable to open pit mining • Simple mineralogy - 95% of REE are within one mineral - synchysite • Positive metallurgical test work for production of REE concentrate

Results of the 2012 resource estimate:

• Indicated Mineral Resource of 4.2 Mt at 1.14% TREO • Inferred Mineral Resource of 12.7 Mt at 1.17% TREO

(Canada Rare Earth Corp., press release, November 19, 2013).

23 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

Ontario Geological Survey 2011. 2011. Survey Geological from Ontario Exploration activity in the Sudbury District in 2013 (keyed to Table 9); geology geology 9); Table to (keyed 2013 in District Sudbury the in activity Figure 5. Exploration

24 D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

2013 Assessment Files

Table 10. Assessment files processed in the Sudbury District in 2013 (keyed to Figure 6). Abbreviations AEM ...... Airborne EM survey MAN ...... Manual work AMAG ...... Airborne magnetic survey MAP ...... Mapping ASSAY ...... Rock analysis MECH ...... Mechanical work BEEP ...... Beep Mat EM survey METAL ...... Metallurgical testing BHEM ...... Borehole EM survey MD ...... Metal detector BLAST ...... Blasting MICRO ...... Microscopic study BPDRILL ...... Backpack drilling MMI ...... Mobile Metal IonSM study BULK ...... Bulk sampling PAN ...... Panning CHNL ...... Channel sampling RAD ...... Radiometric survey DATA-COMP ...... Data compilation RECON ...... Regional reconnaissance DDH ...... Diamond drillhole(s) RECON-MAP ...... Reconnaissance mapping DEWAT ...... Dewatering shafts, pits, etc. SAMP ...... Sampling DHGPHYS ...... Downhole geophysical survey SCINT ...... Scintillometer survey EM ...... Electromagnetic survey SOIL ...... Humus & other horizons analyses ENVIRO ...... Environmental study SOIL-SAMP ...... Soil sampling GMAP ...... Geological mapping STRIP ...... Overburden stripping H2O ...... Water sample analysis TDEM ...... Time domain EM survey HLEM ...... Horizontal loop EM survey TRNCH ...... Bedrock trenching ICP-MS ...... Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry TRVS ...... Traverse INDUS ...... Industrial mineral testing VLF-EM ...... Very low frequency EM survey IP ...... Induced polarization survey VTEM ...... Versatile time domain EM survey LC ...... Line cutting WASH ...... Outcrop washing LKSED ...... Lake sediment analysis WHLRCK ...... Whole rock analyses MAG ...... Magnetic survey XRD ...... X-ray diffraction analysis MAG-SUS ...... Magnetic susceptibility survey XRF ...... X-ray fluorescence analysis

Resident Geologist AFRO No. Township(s) Company Name Year Type of Work Office File Number Designation 1 Aylmer T H Sheppard 2011-2012 VTEM 2.53362 Aylmer-SP029 2 Aylmer F D Delabbio 2012-2013 PAN, ASSAY 2.53688 Aylmer-SP030 3 Aylmer T H Sheppard 2012-2013 SAMP, ASSAY 2.54159 Aylmer-SP031 TRVS, GMAP, MAG, VLF-EM, 4 Aylmer T H Sheppard 2013 2.54231 Aylmer-SP035 SAMP, MICRO 5 Baldwin A Barry 2012 TRNCH, SAMP, ASSAY 2.53398 Baldwin-SP037 6 Blyth B D Bazinet 2012 GMAP 2.52864 Blyth-SP004 Mustang Minerals 7 Boon, Gerow 2012 8 DDH/3171m, ASSAY 2.52727 Boon-SP034 Corp Boon, Gerow, Mustang Minerals 8 2011-2012 7 EM, DATA-COMP 2.52993 Boon-SP035 Shibananing Corp, M B Turcott Mustang Minerals 9 Boon 2012 BHEM, DATA-COMP 2.53040 Boon-SP036 Corp M B Turcott, Boon, Gerow, 10 Mustang Minerals 2012 DHGPHYS, EM, LC 2.53038 Boon-SP037 Shibananing Corp Cartier, Hart, Wallbridge Mining 11 2011 BEEP, GMAP, ASSAY 2.53316 Cartier-SP011 Levack, Hess Company Limited Wallbridge Mining Cartier, Hess, Company Limited, 12 Levack, Harty, Champion Bear 2012 MAP, TRNCH, WASH, SAMP 2.53324 Cartier-SP012 Hart Resources Ltd, Xstrata Canada Corp Wallbridge Mining STRIP, TRNCH, WASH, GMAP, 13 Cascaden 2011-2012 2.53686 Cascaden-SP021 Company Limited SAMP, ASSAY

25 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

Resident Geologist AFRO No. Township(s) Company Name Year Type of Work Office File Number Designation Cascaden, Wallbridge Mining GMAP, SAMP, 1DDH/319m, 14 2012 2.53826 Cascaden-SP022 Cartier, Levack Company Limited ASSAY R A Brunette, E Y TRVS, GMAP, SAMP, STRIP, 15 Clara, Maria 2012-2013 2.54352 Clara-SP002 Boudreau MAG-SUS, ASSAY 16 Clement A J LeBlanc 2012 GMAP, SAMP 2.52820 Clement-SP018 Goldtrain Resources Clement, 17 Inc, B J Wright, R I 2012 TRVS, GMAP 2.53437 Clement-SP019 MacBeth Stewart STRIP, TRNCH, MECH, SAMP, 18 Clement G M Gaudette 2012 2.54155 Clement-SP020 ASSAY Craig, Energold Minerals 19 Moncrieff, 2012 LC, MAG 2.52891 Craig-SP008 Inc. Ulster A J LeBlanc, F C STRIP, WASH, CHNL, SAMP, 20 Crerar 2013 2.54338 Crerar-SP011 Racicot GMAP A J LeBlanc, F C STRIP, WASH, CHNL, SAMP, 21 Crerar 2013 2.54621 Crerar-SP012 Racicot GMAP, ASSAY Dana, Pardo, Pacific North West TRVS, RECON-MAP, SAMP, 22 2012 2.52826 Dana-SP046 McWilliams Capital Corp ASSAY Pacific North West 23 Dana 2011-2012 55 DDH/15,308m, SAMP, ASSAY 2.53917 Dana-SP047 Capital Corp Pacific North West 24 Dana 2011-2012 SAMP, H O, LKSED 2.53918 Dana-SP048 Capital Corp 2 Pacific North West 2 DDH/600m, SAMP, ASSAY, 25 Dana 2012-2013 2.53906 Dana-SP049 Capital Corp METAL, ENVIRO J D Bradley, D E Davis, 26 Robertson, L J 2012 MAN, SAMP, ASSAY 2.53242 Davis-SP094 Scadding McGill J D Bradley, D E Davis, 27 Robertson, L J 2012 SAMP, ASSAY 2.53409 Davis-SP095 Scadding McGill J D Bradley, D E SAMP, ASSAY, SOIL-SAMP, ICP- 28 Davis Robertson, L J 2013 2.54457 Davis-SP096 MS McGill Drury, Hyman, Wallbridge Mining GMAP, RECON, SAMP, WHLRCK, 29 2012 2.53536 Drury-SP036 Trill Company Limited ICP-MS, ASSAY J G Brady, C G 30 Dryden 2012 SAMP, ASSAY 2.53589 Dryden-SP023 Johnson Dryden, 31 Vale Canada Ltd 2011-2012 GMAP, SAMP, ASSAY 2.53449 Dryden-SP024 Falconbridge Dryden, J G Brady, C G 32 2012 AEM, AMAG 2.53448 Dryden-SP025 Cleland Johnson 33 Eden R G Komarechka 2012 SAMP, ASSAY 2.53100 Eden-SP021 Champion Bear Resources Ltd, WASH, MECH, TRNCH, BEEP, 34 Ermatinger 2011-2012 2.53135 Ermatinger-SP026 Wallbridge Mining GMAP Company Limited Champion Bear Resources Ltd, 35 Ermatinger 2012 GMAP, SAMP, ASSAY, WHLRCK 2.53515 Ermatinger-SP027 Wallbridge Mining Company Limited STRIP, TRNCH, WASH, GMAP, Wallbridge Mining 36 Ermatinger 2011-2012 SAMP, 2 DDH/186m, ASSAY, 2.53691 Ermatinger-SP028 Company Limited WHLRCK Wallbridge Mining 37 Ermatinger 2011-2012 TDEM 2.53689 Ermatinger-SP029 Company Limited

26 D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

Resident Geologist AFRO No. Township(s) Company Name Year Type of Work Office File Number Designation Wallbridge Mining 38 Falconbridge 2012 GMAP, SAMP, MICRO, ASSAY 2.52769 Falconbridge-SP046 Company Limited Wallbridge Mining 39 Falconbridge 2012 GMAP, SAMP, ASSAY 2.53282 Falconbridge-SP047 Company Limited Wallbridge Mining 40 Foy 2011-2012 TDEM 2.53802 Foy-SP040 Company Limited Wallbridge Mining MAN, 1 DDH/198.8m, SAMP, 41 Foy 2012 2.53817 Foy-SP041 Company Limited ASSAY, WHLRCK 42 Fraleck J G Brady 2011-2012 SOIL-SAMP, SOIL, MMI 2.52627 Fraleck-SP014 J Melo, Allstone 43 Freeman 2012 MAN, TRVS, SAMP 2.53261 Freeman-SP030 Quarry Products Inc. Xstrata Canada 44 Graham 2011 GMAP, SAMP, ASSAY 2.53331 Graham-SP020 Corporation Graham, Wallbridge Mining 45 2011-2012 GMAP, SAMP, ASSAY 2.53825 Graham-SP021 Waters Company Limited Wallbridge Mining Company Limited, 46 Hess Champion Bear 2012 1 DDH/309m 2.53418 Hess-SP054 Resources Ltd, J G Brady Wallbridge Mining Company Limited, 47 Hess Champion Bear 2012 HLEM 2.53512 Hess-SP055 Resources Ltd, J G Brady Green Swan Capital TRVS, SAMP, SOIL-SAMP, 48 Hess 2012 2.53347 Hess-SP056 Corp ASSAY, ICP-MS Green Swan Capital 49 Hess 2013 BHEM 2.54451 Hess-SP057 Corp 50 Hutton J G Brady 2012 TRVS, SAMP, ASSAY 2.53585 Hutton-SP061 51 Hutton 2254022 Ontario Ltd 2013 LC, MAG, SCINT, RAD 2.53785 Hutton-SP062 52 Hutton L J Salo 2013 LC, MAG, SCINT, RAD 2.53895 Hutton-SP063 53 Hutton 2274659 Ontario Ltd 2013 GMAP 2.53792 Hutton-SP064 SCINT, MAN, MECH, STRIP, 54 Hyman GTO Resources Inc 2012 WASH, GMAP, SAMP, ASSAY, 2.53099 Hyman-SP026 ICP-MS J G Brady, L C 55 Kitchener 2012-2013 3 DDH/336.3m, SAMP, ASSAY 2.53807 Kitchener-SP008 Chenier TRNCH, MAP, SAMP, STRIP, 56 Levack Vale Canada Limited 2012 2.53468 Levack-SP020 WASH Northern Graphite 57 Maria 2011-2012 BULK Maria-SP016 Corp 58 Mattawan R A Montreuil 2012 MAN, STRIP, SAMP, XRD 2.53900 Mattawan-SP032 McKinnon, Canadian Star 59 2012 TRVS, SAMP, GMAP, ASSAY 2.53222 McKinnon-SP024 Mongowin Minerals Ltd TRVS, STRIP, MAN, EM, 60 McKinnon R G Aviles 2012 2.53499 McKinnon-SP025 BPDRILL, SAMP, ASSAY 61 McKinnon R G Aviles 2013 MD, STRIP 2.54053 McKinnon-SP026 62 Medora 1812640 Ontario Inc 2010-2012 STRIP, TRVS, SAMP, INDUS 2.51692 Medora-SP001 Moncrieff, Energold Minerals 63 Craig, Stralak, 2013 AEM, AMAG 2.54306 Moncrieff-SP021 Inc Ulster 64 Mongowin HTX Minerals Corp 2012 2 DDH/486m, BHEM, ASSAY 2.53506 Mongowin-SP027

27 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

Resident Geologist AFRO No. Township(s) Company Name Year Type of Work Office File Number Designation M Moudrak, 65 Mongowin Transition Metals 2012 SAMP, GMAP, ASSAY 2.53544 Mongowin-SP028 Corp Xstrata Canada 66 Morgan 2008-2009 2 DDH/3683m, SAMP, ASSAY 2.53255 Morgan-SP010 Corporation 67 Nairn, Lorne D W Leduc 2012-2013 SAMP, MICRO, ASSAY, WHLRCK 2.53614 Nairn-SP020 Nairn, Foster, 68 Sino Minerals Corp 2010 AEM, AMAG 2.52998 Nairn-SP021 Lorne 69 Nairn, Lorne D W Leduc 2012-2013 SAMP, ASSAY 2.53534 Nairn-SP022 Rainbow Concrete 70 Neelon 2011-2012 BULK, INDUS 2.53005 Neelon-SP022 Industries Limited 71 Norman, Parkin J G Brady 2011 MAG, VLF-EM 2.52661 Norman-SP074 72 Norman A Barry 2011/2012 ASSAY, TRNCH, BLAST 2.53306 Norman-SP075 Drive-By Exploration 73 Olive 2012 1 DDH/42m 2.53024 Olive-SP004 Inc 74 Papineau G Lucuik 2012 SAMP, ASSAY 2.53042 Papineau-SP008 Xstrata Canada 1 DDH/1271m, SAMP, MICRO, 9 75 Parkin, Wisner 2009 2.53329 Parkin-SP118 Corporation BHEM, ASSAY WASH, TRNCH, CHNL, GMAP, 76 Parkin 1311870 Ontario Inc 2012 2.53593 Parkin-SP119 SAMP, ASSAY J G Brady, 1311870 5 DDH/968m, GMAP, SOIL-SAMP, 77 Parkin 2012 2.53837 Parkin-SP120 Ontario Inc XRF, SAMP, ASSAY 78 Rathbun R J Fielding 2012-2013 GMAP, MAG-SUS, SAMP, ASSAY 2.53788 Rathbun-SP064 79 Roberts GTO Resources Inc 2012 MAN, RAD, SCINT, GMAP 2.53213 Roberts-SP013 MAN, STRIP, SAMP, MAP, 80 Ryerson J G McCarty 2011-2013 2.53991 Ryerson-SP014 DEWAT, LC Massey Copper 81 Salter Company Ltd (Mag 2011-2012 5 DDH/2008m, SAMP, ASSAY 2.52900 Salter-SP012 Copper Ltd) Scadding, 82 J G Brady 2012 LC, MAG, VLF-EM 2.53687 Scadding-SP076 Street The Temagami Iron 83 Scholes 2011 2 DDH/1134.5m, SAMP, ASSAY 2.53381 Scholes-SP018 Corp 84 Shakespeare 2128700 Ontario Inc 2012 LC, MAG 2.52534 Shakespeare-SP051 85 Shakespeare S D Anderson 2012 IP 2.54204 Shakespeare-SP052 86 Shakespeare P G Blue 2012-2013 MAN, SOIL-SAMP, SOIL 2.53975 Shakespeare-SP053 Xstrata Canada Corporation, URSA MAN, 2 DDH/1311m, ASSAY, 87 Shakespeare 2012-2013 2.53985 Shakespeare-SP054 Major Minerals BHEM Incorporated Rare Earth Metals 88 Springer 2011-2012 1 DDH/184.7m, ASSAY 2.53511 Springer-SP004 Inc Rare Earth Metals 6 DDH/2405.8m, 15 DDH/3485.3m, 89 Springer Inc, Lavergne, 2011-2012 2.53510 Springer-SP005 MICRO, ASSAY Quenneville, Shank 90 Stewart J R Simpson 2011-2013 MAN, LC, TRVS, SAMP, ASSAY 2.53944 Stewart-SP008 91 Stewart J R Simpson 2013 MAN, SAMP 2.54006 Stewart-SP009 Street, 92 J G Brady 2011-2012 SOIL-SAMP, SOIL, DATA-COMP 2.52611 Street-SP043 Scadding Wallbridge Mining BEEP, SAMP, 1 DDH/501m, 93 Trill, Totten 2011 2.52743 Trill-SP011 Company Limited ASSAY, WHLRCK, BHEM

28 D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

Resident Geologist AFRO No. Township(s) Company Name Year Type of Work Office File Number Designation Wallbridge Mining 94 Tyrone 2012 GMAP, SAMP 2.53373 Tyrone-SP021 Company Limited Tearlach Resources 95 Tyrone 2011-2013 LC, BEEP 2.53901 Tyrone-SP022 Limited Tyrone, Tearlach Resources 96 2011-2013 BEEP 2.54339 Tyrone-SP023 Leinster, Harty Limited Venturi, Boreal Agrominerals 97 2012 MAN, SAMP, ASSAY 2.53749 Venturi-SP015 Tofflemire Inc Wallbridge Mining STRIP, TRNCH, WASH, TRVS, 98 Vernon 2012 2.53561 Vernon-SP009 Company Limited GMAP, WHLRCK, ICP-MS Xstrata Canada Corp, 99 Wisner Wallbridge Mining 2011 28 DDH/2095m, ASSAY, SAMP 2.53366 Wisner-SP032 Company Limited 100 Wisner Vale Canada Limited 2011-2013 1 DDH/157m 2.53733 Wisner-SP033

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR EXPLORATION Nickel, Copper and Platinum Group Elements in Offset Dikes

Several producing mines in the Sudbury camp have been established in offset dikes, essentially Sublayer intrusive rocks penetrating the footwall of the Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC), and accordingly these dikes have been popular exploration targets since the earliest days of mining in Sudbury. Offset dikes either radiate outward (radial) from the base of the SIC or occur in footwall rocks parallel (concentric) to the SIC contact.

Sudbury Breccia, a pseudotachylite of varying composition, occurs around the Sudbury Basin in both radial and concentric patterns as well, and has been identified as far as 80 km from the basin in the northeast. Many offset dikes are associated with Sudbury Breccia. Radial offsets project outward from embayments along fractures which are often filled with Sudbury Breccia, and the Frood–Stobie offset is entirely within Sudbury Breccia.

In the highly-staked ground surrounding the Sudbury Basin, one of the last areas of available, unstaked Crown Land is found in the north range and townships northeast of the basin. Proximal to the prolific Foy offset, these areas contain little-documented occurrences of Sudbury Breccia which warrant further examination for possible offset dikes of both radial and concentric nature.

Platinum Group Metals (PGM), Nickel and/or Copper Potential Exploration for platinum group metals has been the dominant activity in the Sudbury District for the past several seasons. The majority of exploration is being conducted on differentiated mafic intrusive rocks of the East Bull Lake suite (2.45 Ga) of rocks that include the River Valley, Agnew, and East Bull Lake complexes. Work has also been completed on Nipissing gabbro intrusive rocks (2.22 Ga), both east and west of Sudbury.

Much of this ground is held in good standing under the Mining Act as claims, leases, and patents, with a substantial amount of assessment work yet to be applied. As such, opportunities for land acquisition on ground underlain by these mafic intrusive rocks are limited. However, several marginal areas of mafic intrusive rocks may also be prospective for platinum group metals. These include, but are not restricted to the following:

• Mafic intrusive rocks north of the East Bull Lake complex. Prospective areas for PGE exist outside currently explored ground and areas explored only for Ni-Cu mineralization. Exploration for offset dikes is recommended.

• Mafic intrusive rocks, particularly those currently considered as Nipissing gabbro west of Sudbury to Elliot Lake and hosted in Huronian Supergroup metasedimentary rocks of the Penokean Fold Belt.

29 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

. Ontario Geological Survey 2011 Survey Geological Ontario

from ; geology geology ; ) Assessment files processed in the Sudbury District in 2013 (keyed to Table 10 Table to (keyed 2013 in District Sudbury the in processed files Assessment

Figure 6.

30 D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

• Archean mafic intrusive rocks hosted within the Benny greenstone belt. • Mafic intrusive complexes hosted within the Central Gneiss Belt (i.e., the towns of Arnstein, Whitestone and Eau Claire; and in Mattawan and McConkey townships) • Areas within the Grenville Front Tectonic Zone east of the River Valley complex (Flett, Angus, and Parkman townships). Targets to consider include known Ni-Cu occurrences, previously considered uneconomic, with emphasis on platinum group metals.

Dimension Stone Changes in the dimension stone industry have increased the potential for the development of new deposits in the Sudbury District. Trends in the residential construction market toward the use of resin-stone composites and thin stone veneer (TSV), which do not require large quarry blocks for production, have increased the economic potential of a wide variety of limestone, dolostone, granite, gneiss and marble deposits found in the Sudbury District.

Many occurrences of marble and gneiss previously considered to be unsuitable for dimension stone production, based upon low potential for large quarry block extraction, may be suitable for the production of thin stone veneer and decorative stone. Such deposits, including granites, should be re-examined as potential sources of stone for cultured marble and granite, which may contain approximately 80% stone particles in a polyester resin matrix.

Thin stone veneer is natural, split-face stone cut to a thickness of 2 to 4 cm that gives the appearance of rough-cut stone at a much lower cost and weight than standard 10 to 15 cm thick ashlar. It can be applied to an existing wall using a standard mortar mix over a metal mesh backing, and does not require extra footings and wall ties as do conventional, full-thickness veneer products. The ideal stone for TSV fabrication is 4 to 8 cm thick with 2 split faces. The slab is fed into a veneer saw and sliced into 2 pieces, each 2 to 4 cm thick with a sawn back and split face. Limestone, dolostone, and granitic gneiss, all of which have been quarried in Sudbury District, are well suited to the production of TSV. The following areas are recommended for further research:

• Gneissic rocks in the Parry Sound–Muskoka area are quarried in several locations for flagstone. Fouts and Marmont (1989) describe the quarries and the potential of the area for flagstone production. Easton and Fyon (1992) suggest that domain and terrane boundaries in the Central Gneiss Belt are primary target areas for flagstone deposits. • Limestone and dolostone-derived marble of the Proterozoic Espanola Formation has been quarried northwest of Wanapitei Lake. The formation also occurs north and east of Wanapitei Lake in Clary, Demorest, Grigg and Fraleck townships and west of the Sudbury Basin north of Agnew Lake.

Table 11. Mineral deposits not being mined in the Sudbury District in 2013.

Abbreviations AEM ...... Airborne electromagnetic survey MAP ...... Mapping AF ...... Assessment Files MDC ...... Mineral Deposit Circular [No.15–] AMAG ...... Airborne magnetic survey [formerly Mineral Resources Circular, No.1-14] ASSAY ...... Rock analysis MDIR ...... Mineral Deposit Inventory record BULK ...... Bulk Sampling PC ...... Personal communication DD ...... Diamond drilling PROSP ...... Prospecting DDH ...... Diamond drillhole(s) SAMP ...... Sampling GRAV ...... Gravity survey STRIP ...... Stripping IP ...... Induced polarization survey TRNCH ...... Trenching MAG ...... Magnetic survey

Deposit Name Tonnage-Grade Estimates Ownership Reserve Commodity Status (MDI No.) and/or Dimensions References References* Titan project Mg, Ti, V, Fe Inferred: 49 Mt @ 48.09% Prophecy Coal NI 43-101 Active (MDIR magnetite raw, 14.82% titanium, Corp., Technical Report, 31L14SW00014) 0.24% vanadium Randsburg Feb. 2010 International Gold Corp.

31 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

Deposit Name Tonnage-Grade Estimates Ownership Reserve Commodity Status (MDI No.) and/or Dimensions References References* Bissett Creek Flake graphite 2013 Measured & Indicated Northern Press Release, Active deposit (MDIR Resource Estimate: Graphite May 7, 2013 31L01SE00002) 69 791 000 tons Corporation

Brazeau prospect V, Ti, Fe, 110 000 tons @ 0.76% V2O3, MRC 11 Inactive (MDIR (garnet) 7.9% TiO2, 35.2% Fe for 2 lenses 31L02NE00010) to 100 ft.; 950 000 tons for 6 lenses to 100 ft. Burwash Lake Fe 11 pit/trench areas outlined Terry Loney MRC 11 Active, prospect (MDI containing indicated or inferred 2009 - PROSP, MAP; 41P03SE00011) reserves of 450 000 tons per 2010- 2011 - MAG, vertical feet, aver. 20.7 % Fe. MAP, STRIP, SAMP, 100 Mt estimated. ASSAY Preliminary concentration tests – concentrate grading 68.2% Fe, 5.0% SiO2 with recovery of 93% Butler (Crocan Kyanite 50 Mt @ 13-17% kyanite Kyanite Mining AF Butler Twp. Active, Lake) prospect Corporation 2009 (MDIR 31L11SE00012) Butler Vermiculite “A” zone: 144 000 tons @ 50- Northfil P.2847 (2006), Active, Vermiculite 90% vermiculite Resources Work Report: $8000 work applied in deposit (MDIR Limited W1370.00039 2013 31L11SE00003) Cummings Lake Fe 327.9 Mt @ 26.9% soluble Fe D. Laronde - Shklanka, R. Active, prospect (MDIR total Temagami Iron MRC 11 historic underground 41I16NE00036) Corp. exploration and BULK; 2008-2011 - IP, GRAV, AMAG Errington/ Zn, Cu, Pb 4.4 Mt @ 1.33% Cu, 1% Pb, 4% Glencore Shklanka, R. Active, Vermilion Mines Zn; 9 Mt @ 1.14% Cu, 1% Pb, Xstrata MRC 12 past producer, 2013 - (MDIR 3.8% Zn (drilling by Glencore DD 41I11SW00006) Xstrata has increased these figures) Falcon Gold Au Estimate 60 000 tons @ 0.23 Kinross Gold E. Stringer, Inactive (MDIR oz/ton Au Corp. prospector, 41I10SE00003) PC 1995 Fostung Property Cu, Mo, Zn, Inferred Resource: 12.4 Mt @ Breakwater Ginn, R.M. and Active, extensive work (Texas) (MDIR W 0.213% WO3 (58.3 M lbs. WO3); Resources Ltd. Beecham, A.W. by Sulpetro Minerals 41I04NE00036) drillhole database of 43 (1986); NI 43-101 Limited in late 1970s, DDH/9,185 m Technical Report, early 1980s Nov. 2007; Intierra (accessed Feb.14, 2014) Geneva Lake Cu, Pb, Zn 170 000 tons @ 11% Zn. (1941 to Green Swan Press Release, Active, Mine (MDIR (Ag, Au) 1944 production: 80 588 tons ore Capital Corp. Feb. 2013 past-producer in 1940s; 41I13SE00002) grading 3.34% Pb, 9.21% Zn) 2012-2013 – 5 DDH/996.5m, SAMP, ASSAY Parkin Calcite CaCO3 147 460 probable and possible J. Brady AF Parkin-SP025 Inactive (MDIR tons of "good, fair and poor" 41I15SW00041) calcite

Spanish River Cu, PGE Estimate 0.9 Mt @ 0.5% Cu + D&H AFs: Active, Mine (MDIR PGM Consulting Baldwin-SP006, past-producer 1969–70. 41I05SW00014) Services Inc. Baldwin-SP007 ~ 10Kt stockpile on surface; 1996 - STRIP, TRNCH, BULK (5200 t avg. grade 1.74% Cu, 3.0 g/t Ag)

32 D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

Deposit Name Tonnage-Grade Estimates Ownership Reserve Commodity Status (MDI No.) and/or Dimensions References References* Stralak deposit Zn, Cu, Pb 800 000 tons @ 4% Zn, 0.3% Cu, Energold AF: Active, (MDIR (Ag) 0.5% Pb, 2.0 oz/ton Ag Minerals Inc. Moncrieff-SP021 1993 - DD; 41I13SE00044) 2013 - AEM, AMAG Wikwemikong dolomite Undetermined, but possibly Wikwemikong n/a Inactive, (MDIR significant Unceded Indian some widely spaced 41H13SE00012) Reserve DD. Feasibility and several reports *Note: Some resource estimates in this table are historic and do not follow the required disclosure for reserves and resources as outlined in National Instrument 43-101. All figures were reported by previous authors. DISTRICT GEOLOGIST OFFICE STAFF ACTIVITIES

In 2013 the Sudbury office was staffed by D. Farrow, P. Geo., District Geologist and L.A. Bardeggia, District Geological Assistant. Summer Experience Program student C. McGrath assisted in the office and in the field. First Nations Mineral Information Officer, S. Halet is also based out of the Sudbury office. A summary of activities of the Sudbury Regional Resident Geologist Office in 2013 is provided in Table 12.

Approximately 340 client requests were handled by Sudbury District Geologist office staff in 2013, including consultation and research assistance. Prospectors, mining company personnel and members of the general public were served. Nine property visits were made during the year.

Four field trips of the Sudbury Basin were given to other RGP District staff, the Mattawa Ecology Center Teacher’s Mining Tour group, post-secondary researchers and the general public.

Office staff attended training sessions in Collision Avoidance, Procurement, Emotional Intelligence and First Aid/CPR/AED.

D. Farrow attended the Northeastern Ontario Mines and Minerals Symposium in Sault Ste. Marie. D. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia attended the Ontario Exploration and Geoscience Symposium in Sudbury, where D. Farrow gave a presentation about the Northeastern Ontario Mining and Exploration Highlights of 2013. D. Farrow attended the Sudbury Gem and Mineral Show as a representative of the Sudbury Prospector`s and Developers Association. D. Farrow also gave a presentation detailing Sudbury Mining Division exploration and development to the Sudbury Regional Economic Development Branch of the MNDM Northern Development Division.

As Co-Chair of the Willet Green Miller Centre Joint Health and Safety Committee, D. Farrow participated in workplace safety inspections and committee meetings and attended Workplace Safety and Prevention Services local networking sessions, hosting 1 session. He also attended the annual Partners in Prevention Health and Safety convention in Mississauga.

D. Farrow acted as proctor for Professional Practice and Ethics Examinations held in Sudbury on behalf of the Association of Professional Geoscientists of Ontario on 3 occasions during the year.

As part of continuing professional development, staff attended evening information sessions presented by mining companies, including KGHM, Vale and Glencore Xstrata, as well as talks and presentations from various local organizations such as the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum Sudbury Branch, Sudbury Prospectors and Developers Association, Sudbury Geological Discussion Group and the Laurentian University Faculty of Geology.

The Sudbury District Geologist Office provides free, short-term loans of a Beep Mat, metal detector, UV lamps, a scintillometer and a proton magnetometer to qualified explorationists. Binocular and polarizing microscopes are available for in-office use.

The office is located within the John B. Gammon Geoscience (“Mines”) Library, 3rd Floor, Willet Green Miller Centre, Laurentian University, 933 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON, P3E 6B5. D. Farrow can be reached at 705-670-5741, L.A. Bardeggia at 705-670-5733 and S. Halet at 705-670-5790.

33 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

Table 12. Summary of activities of the Sudbury District Geologist Office in 2013.

Activity Number Office visitors 242 First Nations/Metis Meetings 4 Properties visited 9 Field trips attended 1 Field trips given 4 Talks given 3 Assessment files and donations processed 100

PROPERTY EXAMINATIONS

In 2013, a total of 9 property visits were conducted by Sudbury District Geologist Office staff (Table 13 and Figure 7).

Table 13. Property visits conducted by the Sudbury District Geologist Office in 2013 (keyed to Figure 7).

No. Property or Occurrence Township Commodity 1 Weatheredge Quarry Robinson Dimension stone 2 J. Vautreuil’s property Boulter Dimension stone 3 Mattawa Garnet property Mattawa Garnet 4 Odawa Stone Quarry Robinson Dimension stone 5 Former “Porter Quarry” Gordon Dimension stone 6 Mohawk Garnet Street Garnet 7 K. McDonald’s property Casimir Dimension stone 8 Totten Mine Drury Ni, Cu, Pt, Pd, Au 9 Victoria property Denison Ni, Cu, Pt, Pd, Au

Weatheredge Quarry – Robinson Township, Manitoulin Island

Colonial Brick and Stone is currently engaged in quarrying the Amabel Formation to a depth of 3.6 feet to produce approximately 10 000 tons per annum of landscaping stone blocks. The estimated resource of Amabel rock within the quarry license footprint has been calculated by the company to be about 34.2 million tons (resources are not NI 43-101 compliant). The area licensed for quarrying ranges between 725 and 790 feet above sea level (145 to 210 feet above Lake Huron). About 475 acres of the Amabel Formation lie within the area permitted for stone extraction (Marmont 2005). LOCATION AND ACCESS

The property is located in Concessions VII through X, in east-central Robinson Township, near the western end of Manitoulin Island (Figure 8). The licensed quarry lies between Hwy 540 to the south and Elizabeth Bay. Access to the site is via Highway 540 just east of the community of Silver Water. The quarry driveway runs off Highway 540 on Lot 8, Concession 8, Robinson Township.

34 D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

Ontario Geological Survey 2011. Survey Geological Ontario ); geology from geology 13 ); Table to (keyed 2013 in staff office District Sudbury by conducted visits Figure 7. Property

35 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

Figure 8. Location of Weatheredge Quarry, Manitoulin Island.

EXPLORATION HISTORY

The only exploration done on this property was during the late 1960s and early 1970s by Union Carbide, who completed magnetic and induced polarization surveys followed by 2 diamond drill holes. The drilling penetrated the Paleozoic rocks to sample igneous basement rocks in search of base metal mineralization. No further work was undertaken.

GEOLOGY

Manitoulin Island is underlain by Paleozoic rocks that range in age from the Middle Ordovician Verulam Formation to the Middle Silurian Amabel Formation. The Paleozoic units dip gently southward at about 6 m per kilometer. Ordovician strata consisting of limestones, dolostones, and shales occur on the north side of the island while Silurian strata, consisting of mostly dolostones and some shales, occupy the remainder of the island (Gates 1992).

At the Weatheredge Quarry, the Amabel Formation occupies the top of a north-westerly trending ridge having moderate to steep slopes to the east, north and west, and a gradual decrease in elevation to the south. The underlying Fossil Hill and St. Edmund formations are exposed in outcrop on the Mason Line, a road dividing Concessions IX and X, and along a near-vertical escarpment which follows the shoreline of Elizabeth Bay. The Amabel Formation on the property is 35 to 40 feet in thickness, the underlying Fossil Hill Formation is about 80 feet thick and the St. Edmund Formation is approximately 130 feet thick (Marmont 2005).

PROPERTY VISIT

On May 9, 2013, D. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia joined the property owner, E. Wagler, along with S. Blacklock of Waterford Group and D. Hains, of Hains Technology Associates on a visit to the Weatheredge limestone quarry in Robinson Township on western Manitoulin Island (Figure 9, Table 14 and Photo 1).

36 D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

Table 14. Weatheredge quarry field stops, UTM co-ordinates, geological formation and notes (keyed to Figure 9).

Geological NAD 83 UTM 17 Map ID Notes Formation Easting Northing 1 Quarry Site, core 4 site Amabel 360994 5079875 2 Core 5 site Amabel 362307 5079988 3 Core 7 site Amabel 362328 5080436 Fossil Hill/ 4 Hike from core 7 site, rock wall face 362351 5080487 Amabel 'Gap' 5 Core 3 site Amabel 361018 5080823 6 New quarry site with stockpiled Amabel blocks Amabel 360914 5081273 7 Amabel Outcrop (good exposure of bedding) Amabel 361248 5080773 8 St. Edmund escarpment face; Sample #1 St. Edmund 362695 5080600

9 Head west on road, on left (South) is St. Edmund/Fossil Hill St. Edmund 361611 5081670 contact; Sample #2 (coral fossil) Fossil Hill 361565 5081671

Head west on road, on right (North); vuggy & fossiliferous Fossil 10 Fossil Hill 361198 5081701 Hill (coral/sponge & bivalve/brachiopod)

11 Core 2 site Amabel 361119 5081592 12 Core 1 site (white/weathered surfaces) Amabel 360378 5081185 13 Core 6 site Amabel 360518 5080024

*Core # site refers to the location of previous diamond-drill hole collars.

Figure 9. Weatheredge quarry property visit stops (keyed to Table 14).

37 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

The visit was made at the request of the property holder and as part of an ongoing Ontario Geological Survey project to examine the aggregate potential of limestone strata in this part of the province (Rowell and Brunton 2012). The field party completed a day-long tour of the quarry license area using off-road vehicles. Initially drill hole collar sites were visited where the quarry owners had performed definition drilling of the Amabel Formation resource. This was followed by an excursion along the east-west running Mason Line in the north part of the property and along Elizabeth Bay to observe outcrops of the Fossil Hill and St. Edmond formations in roadcuts and shoreline escarpments.

Photo 1. Weatheredge Quarry property visit, Robinson Township, Manitoulin Island. a) Stop 1, karst topography in Amabel Formation; b) Stop 5, E. Wagler discussing Amabel outcrop; c) Stop 6, thickly bedded Amabel Formation; d) proposed new quarry site; e) Stop 8, E. Wagler at the St. Edmund escarpment; f) Stop 9, St. Edmund/Fossil Hill contact.

38 D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

Sheshegwaning Quarry – Robinson Township, Manitoulin Island

The Sheshegwaning quarry (Odawa Stone LLP) is located in Robinson Township, western Manitoulin Island (NAD 83, Zone 17, 356669E, 5082190N). The property is approximately 41.47 hectares in area. Sudbury District Geologist office staff visited the quarry in September 2013. The tour was given by Sheshegwaning First Nation Economic Development Officer E. Tomaselli (Photo 2). Table-top quarrying of the thick- to massive-bedded, Silurian aged, Amabel Formation dolostone produces dimension stone blocks (1.2 m by 1.2 m by 2.4 to 2.7 m), slabs, cladding and landscaping stone. The quarry employs a supervisor and 2 trainees, trained in heavy equipment operation (Photo 3). Quarry operations are conducted on a seasonal basis, from May to October (www.sheshegwaning.org; Anishinabek News, article, May 7, 2013; Johnson et al., 1992).

Photo 2. E. Tomaselli details quarry progress.

Photo 3. Sheshegwaning quarry takes shape.

39 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

OGS ACTIVITIES AND RESEARCH BY OTHERS

The geology of the Sudbury Structure, which includes the Sudbury Igneous Complex and its mineral deposits, attracts research interest worldwide, even after nearly 130 years of commercial production and countless treatises. Some projects of interest underway in 2013 are noted below. Ontario Geological Survey Activities

During 2013, R.M. Easton of the Ontario Geological Survey compiled geological, geochemical and geophysical data from the Elliot Lake area, available as MRD 305 (see Table 15). Integrative Research Program – Sudbury Igneous Complex Footwall Projects

Initiated by Mineral Exploration Research Centre (MERC) and Laurentian University’s Department of Earth Sciences (DES) in 2008 with industry partners: Vale, Glencore, Wallbridge Mining Company Limited and KGHM International Ltd.; these projects received funding from industry, the Centre for Excellence in Mining Innovation (CEMI) and Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC).

• Lindsay Bygnes (MSc student), Dr. B. Lafrance and Dr. A. McDonald investigated the evolution of metabreccia and associated mineralization within the Whistle offset • Dr. Tsilavo Raharimahefa (post-doc), Dr. B. Lafrance and Dr. D. Tinkham undertook a regional structural and metamorphic study on the evolution of the South Range of the SIC to upgrade the understanding of the regional deformational and metamorphic history relevant to South Range ore deposits. • Taus Jøergensen (PhD student), Dr. D. Tinkham and Dr. M. Lesher are studying the previously unrecognized or underappreciated contact metamorphic aureole and anatexis in the South Range, including relationships between metamorphism and mineralization. • Fabio Cafagna (PhD student) and Dr. P. Jugo are studying the behavior of PGE in magmatic and metamorphic environments to further understanding of the behavior of PGE in the SIC contact and footwall environments. • Craig Stewart (PhD student) and Dr. D. Kontak are investigating the complete hydrothermal system, both within the SIC itself and within footwall proximal mineralized zones to understand the fundamental role and interplay of fluids in the evolution of the SIC system and associated mineralization. For more information, visit the MERC website at http://merc.laurentian.ca. Geological Survey of Canada

A selection of Geological Survey of Canada 2013 publications related to the Sudbury District Geologist’s District:

• Ames, D. E., Kjarsgaard, I. and McClenaghan, B. 2013. Target characterization of Footwall Cu-(Ni)-PGE deposits, Sudbury; Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 7329.

• Ames, D. E. and Kjarsgaard, I. 2013. Sulphide and alteration mineral chemistry of low- and high- sulphide Cu-PGE-Ni deposits in the Footwall environment, Sudbury, Canada; Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 7331.

• McClenaghan, M. B. and Ames, D. E. 2013. Indicator mineral abundance data for bedrock and till from the footwall-type Cu-Ni-PGE Broken Hammer occurrence, Sudbury, Ontario; Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 7388, 12p.

40 D.G. Farrow and L.A. Bardeggia

Recent Publications

A selection of 2013 publications focused on areas within the Sudbury District is listed in Table 15. In addition, the Sudbury District Geologist Office receives copies of the Canadian Mining Journal, The Northern Miner, Nickel, The Canadian & American Mines Handbook, Sudbury Mining Solutions Journal and the Prospectors and Developers Association of Canada’s In Brief.

Table 15. Publications received by the Sudbury District Geologist Office in 2013.

Title Author(s) Type and Year of Publication Geological, geochemical and geophysical data from the R.M. Easton Ontario Geological Survey, Elliot Lake area, Southern and Superior provinces, Miscellaneous Release—Data Ontario 305, 2013

Report of Activities 2012, Resident Geologist Program, A.F. Lichtblau, C. Ravnaas, C.C. Storey, Ontario Geological Survey, Red Lake Regional Resident Geologist Report: Red Lake R.L. Debicki, H.C. Lockwood, R.D. Tuomi, Open File Report 6283, 132p., and Kenora Districts S.E. Zurevinksi, P. Moses and J. Bongfeldt 2013 Report of Activities 2012, Resident Geologist Program, G.D. White, R.M. Cundari, H.C. Lockwood, Ontario Geological Survey, Thunder Bay North Regional Resident Geologist Report: R.D. Tuomi, R.L. Debicki, P. Moses and Open File Report 6284, 62p., Thunder Bay North District S.E. Zurevinski 2013 Report of Activities 2012, Resident Geologist Program, M.A. Puumala, D.A. Campbell, R.M. Cundari, Ontario Geological Survey, Thunder Bay South Regional Resident Geologist Report: S.E. Zurevinski, R.D. Tuomi, H.C. Lockwood, Open File Report 6285, 67p., Thunder Bay South District R.L. Debicki, P. Moses, M.R. Brunelle and R. Pelaia 2013 Report of Activities 2012, Resident Geologist Program, B.T. Atkinson, P. Bousquet, A. Pace, R.L. Debicki, Ontario Geological Survey, Timmins Regional Resident Geologist Report: Timmins G.P.B. Grabowski, H.C. Lockwood, A.C. Wilson, Open File Report 6286, 126p., and Sault Ste. Marie Districts S.E. Halet, C. Larche, R. McMillan and D.M. Draper 2013 Report of Activities 2012, Resident Geologist Program, D.L. Guindon, D.G. Farrow, G.P.B. Grabowski, Ontario Geological Survey, Kirkland Lake Regional Resident Geologist Report: R.L. Debicki, H.C. Lockwood, A.C. Wilson, Open File Report 6287, 117p., Kirkland Lake and Sudbury Districts S.E. Halet, L.A. Bardeggia and N. Sabiri 2013 Report of Activities 2012, Resident Geologist Program, P.J. Sangster, P.S. LeBaron, S.J. Charbonneau, Ontario Geological Survey, Southern Ontario Regional Resident Geologist Report: D.A. Laidlaw, A.C. Wilson, T.R. Carter and Open File Report 6288, 78p., Southeastern Ontario and Southwestern Ontario L. Fortner 2013 Districts, and Petroleum Operations Summary of Field Work and Other Activities 2013 Edited by G.P. Beakhouse, R.M. Easton, A.F. Bajc, Ontario Geological Survey, R.T. Metsaranta, O.M. Burnham, S. Préfontaine, Open File Report 6290, 598p., S.M. Hamilton, M. Duguet, F.R. Brunton, P.J. 2013 Barnett, R.D. Dyer, J.R. Parker and E.J. Debicki

REGIONAL LAND USE GEOLOGIST ACTIVITIES—NORTHEAST REGION

The activities of the Land Use Geologist are described in “Regional Land Use Geologist Activities—Northeast Region” in the Kirkland Lake District report of this volume. FIRST NATIONS MINERALS INFORMATION OFFICER— NORTHEASTERN ONTARIO

The activities of the First Nations Minerals Information Officer are described in “First Nations Minerals Information Officer—Northeastern Ontario” in the Kirkland Lake District report of this volume. MINERAL DEPOSIT COMPILATION GEOLOGIST—NORTHEASTERN ONTARIO

The activities of the Mineral Deposit Compilation Geologist are described in “Mineral Deposit Compilation Geologist—Northeastern Ontario” in the Kirkland Lake District report of this volume.

41 SUDBURY DISTRICT—2013

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors wish to acknowledge company representatives, prospectors and individual explorationists who contributed to the content of this report. P.J. Sangster, Regional Resident Geologist for Southern Ontario, provided industrial minerals expertise and production updates. A. Evers provided geological imagery. A. Lichtblau, Acting Northeast Manager, Resident Geologist Program, Ontario Geological Survey and P.A. Takats, Publication Services Section, Ontario Geological Survey, are credited for editorial support. REFERENCES

Easton, R.M. 2006. Precambrian geology, Songris area; Ontario Geological Survey, Preliminary Map P.2847, scale 1:50 000. Easton, R.M. and Fyon, J.A. 1992. Metallogeny of the Grenville Province; in Geology of Ontario, Ontario Geological Survey, Special Volume 4, Part 2, p.1217-1252. Fouts, C R. and Marmont, C. 1989. Gneisses of the Parry Sound–Muskoka Area: Flagstone Resources; Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 5725. Gates, B. I. 1992. Industrial Minerals Assessment of Manitoulin Island, Ontario Geological Survey; in Summary of Fieldwork and Other Activities 1992, p.266-268. Ginn, R.M. and Beecham, A.W. 1986. The Fostung Scheelite Deposit, Espanola, Ontario; Canadian Geology Journal of CIM, v.1, no.1, p.46-54. Golden Predator Mines Inc. 2007. Fostung Project. November 30, 2007, NI 43-101 Technical Report on resources by SRK Consulting, Johnson, M.D., Armstrong, D.K., Sanford, B.V., Telford, P.G. and Rutka, M.A. 1992. Paleozoic and Mesozoic Geology of Ontario; in Geology of Ontario, Ontario Geological Survey, Special Volume 4, Part 2, p.907-1008. Marmont, C. 2005. Stone Resource Summary Letter, Weatheredge Limestone Quarry company records. Ontario Geological Survey 2011. 1:250 000 scale bedrock geology of Ontario; Ontario Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Release—Data 126–Revision 1. Prophecy Coal Corp. 2010. Randsburg International Gold Corp., February 2010 NI 43-101 Technical Report, Titan Project by Mine Development Associates. Rowell, D. J. and Brunton, F. R. 2012. The St. Edmund Formation – The Next Major Bedrock-Derived Aggregate Source in Ontario? in Summary of Field Work and Other Activities 2012, Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 6280, p.22-1 to 22-11. Shklanka, Roman (ed) 1968. Iron deposits of Ontario; Ontario Department of Mines, Mineral Resources Circular 11, 489p. Shklanka, Roman (ed) 1969. Copper, nickel, lead and zinc deposits of Ontario; Ontario Department of Mines, Mineral Resources Circular 12, 394p. Reprinted 1989.

42 Metric Conversion Table

Conversion from SI to Imperial Conversion from Imperial to Sl

SI Unit Multiplied by Gives Imperial Unit Multiplied by Gives LENGTH 1 mm 0.039 37 inches 1 inch 25.4 mm 1 cm 0.393 70 inches 1 inch 2.54 cm 1 m 3.280 84 feet 1 foot 0.304 8 m 1 m 0.049 709 chains 1 chain 20.116 8 m 1 km 0.621 371 miles (statute) 1 mile (statute) 1.609 344 km AREA 1 cm2 0.155 0 square inches 1 square inch 6.451 6 cm2 1 m2 10.763 9 square feet 1 square foot 0.092 903 04 m2 1 km2 0.386 10 square miles 1 square mile 2.589 988 km2 1 ha 2.471 054 acres 1 acre 0.404 685 6 ha VOLUME 1 cm3 0.061 023 cubic inches 1 cubic inch 16.387 064 cm3 1 m3 35.314 7 cubic feet 1 cubic foot 0.028 316 85 m3 1 m3 1.307 951 cubic yards 1 cubic yard 0.764 554 86 m3 CAPACITY 1 L 1.759 755 pints 1 pint 0.568 261 L 1 L 0.879 877 quarts 1 quart 1.136 522 L 1 L 0.219 969 gallons 1 gallon 4.546 090 L MASS 1 g 0.035 273 962 ounces (avdp) 1 ounce (avdp) 28.349 523 g 1 g 0.032 150 747 ounces (troy) 1 ounce (troy) 31.103 476 8 g 1 kg 2.204 622 6 pounds (avdp) 1 pound (avdp) 0.453 592 37 kg 1 kg 0.001 102 3 tons (short) 1 ton(short) 907.184 74 kg 1 t 1.102 311 3 tons (short) 1 ton (short) 0.907 184 74 t 1 kg 0.000 984 21 tons (long) 1 ton (long) 1016.046 908 8 kg 1 t 0.984 206 5 tons (long) 1 ton (long) 1.016 046 9 t CONCENTRATION 1 g/t 0.029 166 6 ounce (troy) / 1 ounce (troy) / 34.285 714 2 g/t ton (short) ton (short) 1 g/t 0.583 333 33 pennyweights / 1 pennyweight / 1.714 285 7 g/t ton (short) ton (short) OTHER USEFUL CONVERSION FACTORS Multiplied by 1 ounce (troy) per ton (short) 31.103 477 grams per ton (short) 1 gram per ton (short) 0.032 151 ounces (troy) per ton (short) 1 ounce (troy) per ton (short) 20.0 pennyweights per ton (short) 1 pennyweight per ton (short) 0.05 ounces (troy) per ton (short)

Note: Conversion factors in bold type are exact. The conversion factors have been taken from or have been derived from factors given in the Metric Practice Guide for the Canadian Mining and Metallurgical Industries, published by the Mining Association of Canada in co- operation with the Coal Association of Canada.

ISSN 2291-2479 (print) ISBN 978-1-4606-3636-7 (print) ISSN 2291-2487 (online) ISBN 978-1-4606-3637-4 (PDF)