5 NOMINA INSECTA NEARCTICA TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction --------------------------------------- 7 Dermestidae Structure of the check list -------------- 8 Derodontidae Original Orthography ----------------- 11 Diphyllostomatidae Species and genus group names Dryopidae indices -----------------------------------11 Dytiscidae Structure of the data base ------------- 12 Elateridae End date of the List -------------------- 12 Elmidae Quality Control ------------------------ 13 Endecatomidae Alternative family names ---------------------- 14 Endomychidae Some Statistics ----------------------------------- 19 Erotylidae Classification ------------------------------------- 21 Eucinetidae Coleoptera ---------------------------------------- 41 Eucnemidae Aderidae -------------------------------- 43 Eulichadidae Agyrtidae ------------------------------- 43 Geotrupidae Amphizoidae --------------------------- 44 Glaphyridae Anobiidae ------------------------------- 44 Glaresidae Anthicidae ------------------------------ 50 Gyrinidae Anthribidae ----------------------------- 53 Haliplidae Archeocrypticidae ----------------------55 Heteroceridae Artematopodidae ----------------------- 55 Histeridae Attelabidae ------------------------------ 55 Hybosoridae Belidae ---------------------------------- 57 Hydraenidae Biphyllidae ----------------------------- 57 Hydrophilidae Boridae ---------------------------------- 57 Hydroscaphidae Bostrichidae ---------------------------- 57 Ithyceridae Bothrideridae --------------------------- 59 Laemophloeidae Brachypsectridae ----------------------- 59 Lampyridae Brachypteridae ------------------------- 59 Languriidae Brentidae Latridiidae Buprestidae Leiodidae Byrrhidae Limnichidae Byturidae Lucanidae Callirhipidae Lutrochidae Cantharidae Lycidae Carabidae Lymexylidae Cerambycidae Megalopodidae Ceratocanthidae Melandryidae Cerophytidae Meloidae Cerylonidae Melyridae Chelonariidae Micromalthidae Chrysomelidae Microsporidae Ciidae Monommatidae Clambidae Monotomidae Cleridae Mordellidae Coccinellidae Mycteophagidae Colydiidae Mycteridae Corylophidae Nemonychidae Cryptophagidae Nitidulidae Cucujidae Nosodendridae Cupedidae Noteridae Curculionidae Ochodaeidae Dascillidae Oedemeridae TABLE OF CONTENTS 6 NOMINA INSECTA NEARCTICA Omethidae Orsodacnidae Passalidae Passandridae Phalacridae Phengodidae Pleocomidae Prostomidae Psephenidae Ptiliidae Ptilodactylidae Pyrochroidae Pythidae Rhipiceridae Rhipiphoridae Rhysodidae Salpingidae Scarabaeidae Scirtidae Scraptiidae Scydmaenidae Silphidae Silvanidae Smicripidae Sphaeritidae Sphindidae Staphylinidae Stenotrachelidae Synchroidae Telegeusidae Tenebrionidae Tetratomidae Throscidae Trachypachidae Trogidae Trogossitidae Zopheridae Coleoptera Species Index Coleoptera Generic Index Strepsiptera Stylopodiae Strepsiptera Species Index Strepsiptera Generic Index TABLE OF CONTENTS 7 NOMINA INSECTA NEARCTICA INTRODUCTION list was compiled. Many users of this list will A thing is defined as much by what it isn't as by find a politically based division more useful than what it is. Nomina Insecta Nearctica is not a the more scientific one. Finally the division catalog. Nor is it even a check list by between the Nearctic and Neotropical zones is conventional standards. Rather Nomina Insecta nebulous at best, both in the United States and Nearctica is a directory of the scientific names Mexico and the Antillies. Mexico is considered applied to the insects of North America. These to be entirely Neotropical for purely practical names include senior synonyms, junior reasons and will be so treated in any future synonyms, junior homonyms, unavailable names portion of the Nomina series covering the (in the sense of the Code of Zoological Neotropical insect fauna. Nomenclature), and in some cases misspellings and misidentifications. Junior synonyms, Nomina Insecta Nearctica has very specific and homonyms, and so forth, are arranged limited goals. The ultimate ideal of every chronologically under the valid species name. systematist is to create a network of printed All other levels of organization are alphabetical. publications and computer databases containing Species are arranged alphabetically under the all known information about every described current generic name. Genera are alphabetical species in the world. The first step in attaining within families, and families are arranged this Holy Grail of systematics is a listing of the alphabetically within orders. species of the world and of the names that have been applied to them. The Nomina series is such Nomina Insecta Nearctica is not an original a first step and Nomina Insecta Nearctica is the piece of scientific research. It is a compilation of part covering the insects of North America, the the current literature, a snapshot of the current dominant component (perhaps as much as three- published status of the classification. This check fourths) of the flora and fauna of the Nearctic list contains no new combinations or region. synonomies. No objective replacement names are proposed even for clearly identified junior The Nomina series has two guiding principles: homonyms. Homonyms without available Stability and utility. Complete stability, of replacement name are indicated only by brackets. course, is impossible in any developing science, Further clearly wrong arrangements of junior and such as systematics, and is not even completely senior synonyms in the literature are not desirable. On the other hand systematics must corrected. For example if a younger name is also consider the needs of the users of systematic listed in the literature as the valid name for a systems. Systematics does not happen in species in preference to an older name, the isolation nor are systematists the final users of synonomy is given as recorded, although the systems proposed. Therefore the Nomina indicated by a question mark. This happens series will approach classifications from a more commonly that you might think. conservative position and will not adopt major changes in the classification of a group unless or Although Nomina Insecta Nearctica contains the until it meets one or more of two criteria. Is the word Nearctic, a more proper definition of the change necessary to break up polyphyletic or region covered by this publication is North paraphyletic groupings? Has the change gained America north of the Mexican border. general acceptance within the systematic and Significant portions of Mexico are properly part user communities? Users of systematic systems of the Nearctic region. The check list has been tend to concentrate on primary levels of limited to north of the Mexican border for classification; order, family, genus and species. practical reasons. Adding the Nearctic portions An unfortunate tendency eixsts these days to of Mexico to the list would have made the break up already monophletic order, family, and compilation of the list considerably more generic concepts into smaller and smaller groups. difficult, if not nearly impossible. The Mexican The usual reason given for such subdivision of border has been used as the standard boundary in existing and utilized groupings is that the new the majority of publications from which this groupings more accurately reflect the evolutionary history of the group. It is the INTRODUCTION 8 NOMINA INSECTA NEARCTICA opinion of the editors of the Nomina series that weaknesses. A computer database is readily and the concepts of superfamily, subfamily, tribe, and quickly searched for information. A series of subgenus exist for just this purpose. We suggest CD-ROMS or online databases occupies far less that these subordinate categories be used for space than a series of printed volumes (if one refinement of the classification and that order, ignores the space taken by the computer). A family, and generic concepts be kept at stable as printed publication, on the other hand, is far possible for the user community. The splitting of more portable and easier to use for checking primary groups will not be followed unless they specific names or curating collections. A printed satisfy one of the two criteria listed above. publication is easier on the eyes, is easier to learn to use, and just "feels" better. Some of the Nomina Insecta Nearctica employs only primary weaknesses of "searchability" of the printed groups; Class, Order, Family, Genus, and publication can be made up for with a thorough Species. Subordinate groupings such as indexing of the material such as we have Superfamily, Subfamily, Tribe, Subgenus, and attempted in the printed version. Subspecies are not listed in the main body of the directory, although subordinate categories to the This volume is divided into three main parts. subfamily level are given in the classification The first part contains introductory material and portion of this publication. Names originally an explanation of how to use the volume. This proposed, or currently treated, as subgenera or introductory material also contains a synopsis of subspecies are treated as simple synonyms. The the current classification of each order to the absence of subordinate categories in the body of subfamily level with genera listed alphabetically the check list, particularly subgenera and within each subfamily. Higher categories are subspecies, is not a statement, positive or listed in "phylogenetic order", the source or negative, about the utility of such categories. sources of the order given in the introduction to Rather subordinate categories are absent for this section of the check