Draft Rules Tables Cleaner Air Oregon and Air Toxics Alignment and Updates 2021
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Date of Issue: 17 June 2015 SAFETY DATA SHEET 1. SUBSTANCE AND SOURCE IDENTIFICATION Product Identifier SRM Number: 1877 SRM Name: Beryllium Oxide Powder Other Means of Identification: Not applicable. Recommended Use of This Material and Restrictions of Use This Standard Reference Material (SRM) is intended for use in laboratory analysis and health research for the development and validation of analytical methods and instruments used to determine beryllium, as well as for proficiency testing of laboratories involved in beryllium determinations. A unit of SRM 1877 consists of one bottle containing 20 g of beryllium oxide powder. Company Information National Institute of Standards and Technology Standard Reference Materials Program 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 2300 Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-2300 Telephone: 301-975-2200 Emergency Telephone ChemTrec: FAX: 301-948-3730 1-800-424-9300 (North America) E-mail: [email protected] +1-703-527-3887 (International) Website: http://www.nist.gov/srm 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION Classification Physical Hazard: Not classified. Health Hazard: Acute Toxicity, Inhalation Category 2 Skin Corrosion/Irritation Category 2 Serious Eye Damage/Irritation Category 2B Skin Sensitization Category 1 Carcinogenicity Category 1A STOT-Repeat Exposure Category 1 Label Elements Symbol Signal Word DANGER Hazard Statement(s) H330 Fatal if inhaled. H315+H320 Causes skin and eye irritation. H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction. H350 May cause lung cancer. H372 Causes damage to lungs through prolonged or repeated inhalation. Precautionary Statement(s) P201 Obtain special instructions before use. P202 Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. P260 Do not breathe dust. P264 Wash hands thoroughly after handling. -
Exposure Data
BERYLLIUM AND BERYLLIUM eOMPOUNDS Beryllium and beryllium compounds were considered by previous Working Groups, In 1971,1979 and 1987 (lARe, 1972, 1980, 1987a). New data have since become available, and these are included in the present monograph and have been taken into consideration In the evaluation. The agents considered herein Include (a) metallic beryllium, (b) beryllium- aluminium and -copper alloys and (c) some beryllum compounds. 1. Exposure Data 1.1 Chemical and physical data and analysis 1.1.1 Synonyms, trade names and molecular formulae Synonyms, trade names and molecular formulae for beryllium, beryllum-aluminium and -copper alloys and certain beryllium compounds are presented in Thble 1. The list is not exhaustive, nor does it comprise necessarily the most commercially important beryllum- containing substances; rather, it indicates the range of beryllum compounds available. 1. 1.2 Chemical and physical properties of the pure substances Selected chemical and physical properties of beryllium, beryllum-aluminium and -copper alloys and the beryllium compounds covered in this monograph are presented in Thble 2. The French chemist Vauquelin discovered beryllium in 1798 as the oxide, while analysing emerald to prove an analogous composition (Newland, 1984). The metallc element was first isolated in independent experiments by Wöhler (1828) and Bussy (1828), who called it 'glucinium' owing to the sweet taste of its salts; that name is stil used in the French chemical literature. Wöhler's name 'beryllum' was offcially recognized by IUPAe in 1957 (WHO, 1990). The atomic weight and corn mon valence of beryllum were originally the subject of much controversy but were correctly predicted by Mendeleev to be 9 and + 2, respectively (Everest, 1973). -
Toxicological Profile for Beryllium
BERYLLIUM 19 3. HEALTH EFFECTS 3.1 INTRODUCTION The primary purpose of this chapter is to provide public health officials, physicians, toxicologists, and other interested individuals and groups with an overall perspective on the toxicology of beryllium. It contains descriptions and evaluations of toxicological studies and epidemiological investigations and provides conclusions, where possible, on the relevance of toxicity and toxicokinetic data to public health. A glossary and list of acronyms, abbreviations, and symbols can be found at the end of this profile. 3.2 DISCUSSION OF HEALTH EFFECTS BY ROUTE OF EXPOSURE To help public health professionals and others address the needs of persons living or working near hazardous waste sites, the information in this section is organized first by route of exposure (inhalation, oral, and dermal) and then by health effect (death, systemic, immunological, neurological, reproductive, developmental, genotoxic, and carcinogenic effects). These data are discussed in terms of three exposure periods: acute (14 days or less), intermediate (15–364 days), and chronic (365 days or more). Levels of significant exposure for each route and duration are presented in tables and illustrated in figures. The points in the figures showing no-observed-adverse-effect levels (NOAELs) or lowest-observed-adverse-effect levels (LOAELs) reflect the actual doses (levels of exposure) used in the studies. LOAELS have been classified into "less serious" or "serious" effects. "Serious" effects are those that evoke failure in a biological system and can lead to morbidity or mortality (e.g., acute respiratory distress or death). "Less serious" effects are those that are not expected to cause significant dysfunction or death, or those whose significance to the organism is not entirely clear. -
"Beryllium Oxide Digestion Optimization at the Savannah River Site"
"Beryllium Oxide Digestion Optimization at the Savannah River Site" by Davin Jagnandan November, 2002 ==' ¥---- ; A paper submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Public Health in the School of Public Health Abstract Chronic beryllium disease (CBD) is a debilitating lung disorder affecting an estimated 4.6% of past nuclear weapons and beryllium manufacturing workers. The Chronic Beryllium Disease Prevention Program, as set up by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), establishes guidelines for maintaining acceptable exposure levels in all beryllium manufacturing facilities. These exposure levels are based on the measuring of total beryllium which includes beryllium metal, beryllium salts, beryllium alloys and beryllium oxide. The most sensitive detection instruments used in industrial hygiene sampling measure beryllium in a solubilized form . Beryllium oxide, in particular, has been shown to resist solubilization unless it is performed in the presence of strong acid(s). This poses a problem for industrial hygienists because beryllium oxide has been shown to have a high level oftoxicity due to its small size and moderate solubility. The current Ip digestion method (EPA 3050B) for all metals at the Savannah River Site 1 involves the use of nitric and hydrochloric acids. It was hypothesized that 1 this method was inadequate for the complete digestion of beryllium oxide. This study examines this issue by comparing method 3050B with two other acid digestion methods. Once the most effective of the three methods was determined, optimization factors such as settling time, heating/reflux time, and hydrogen peroxide addition were examined. -
Listed Toxic Air Contaminants and Common Chemicals
Listed Toxic Air Contaminants and Common Chemicals (sorted by Chemical name) CHEMICAL NAME CAS # Listed Air Toxic 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane 630206 Y 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane 811972 Y 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 79345 Y 1,1,2-Trichloroethane 79005 Y 1,1-Difluoroethane (HCFC 152a) 75376 Y 1,1-Dimethyl hyrazine 57147 Y 1,2,4 Trimethylbenzene 95636 N 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 120821 Y 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane 96128 Y 1,2-Dichlorobenzene 95501 Y 1,2-Dimethyl hyrazine 540738 Y 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine (Hydrazobenzene) 122667 Y 1,2-Epoxybutane 106887 Y 1,2-Propylenimine (2-Methyl aziridine) 75558 Y 1,3-Butadiene 106990 Y 1,3-Dichloropropene 542756 Y 1,3-Propane sultone 1120714 Y 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (p-Dichlorobenzene) 106467 Y 1,4-Dioxane (1,4-Diethyleneoxide) 123911 Y 1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane (CFC 142B) 75683 Y 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane 540841 Y 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol 95954 Y 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol 88062 Y 2,4-and 2,6-Toluene diisocyanateh 26471625 Y 2,4-Diaminoanisole 615054 Y 2,4-Diaminotoluene 95807 Y 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, salts & esters 94757 Y (2,4-D) 2,4-Dimethylphenol 105679 Y 2,4-Dinitrophenol 51285 Y 2,4-Dinitrotoluene 121142 Y 2,4-Toluene diamine (2,4-Diaminotoluene) 95807 Y 2-Acetylaminofluorene 53963 Y 2-Aminoanthraquinone 117793 Y CHEMICAL NAME CAS # Listed Air Toxic 2-Chloroacetophenone 532274 Y 2-Chlorophenol 95578 Y 2-Nitropropane 79469 Y 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidene 91941 Y 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine 119904 Y 3,3'-Dimethyl benzidine 119937 Y 4,4-Methylene bis (2-chloroaniline) 101144 Y 4,4-Methylenedianiline 101779 Y 4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol -
Sulfuric Acid Aerosol Is Formed by the Oxidation of SO in Standard, NH /N ) Diluted to 2 RELATIVE HUMIDITY (RH) 3 2 Gas/Aqueous/Aerosol Phase
INVESTIGATIONS OF THE HETEROGENEOUS REACTION BETWEEN AMMONIA AND SULFURIC/SULFUROUS ACID AEROSOLS Thomas Townsend, Colette Noonan and John R. Sodeau Centre for Research into Atmospheric Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University College Cork, and Environmental Research Institute, Cork, Ireland. [email protected] INTRODUCTION EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP AMMONIA (100ppm Sulfuric acid aerosol is formed by the oxidation of SO in standard, NH /N ) diluted to 2 RELATIVE HUMIDITY (RH) 3 2 gas/aqueous/aerosol phase. The preferred form of sulfuric acid tuned between 1% and 70%. ppb range. Admitted to flow AEROSOL GENERATION tube via a 6mm diameter in the aerosol phase is ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4. If there H2SO4 /C2H2O4 aerosol Dilution Unit movable, glass injector. is not enough ammonia present, sulfuric acid exists either as generated by passing a flow (200-500 ccm) of air over a P H2SO4(aq) or NH4HSO4. heated solution or via a nebuliser. AEROSOL FLOW-REACTOR Aerosols AerosolAerosol Humidifier Generator Made of glass, ID: 10cm, maximal ….are tiny particles suspended in the air. Those larger than reactive length Z: 80cm. Aerosol Flow Carrier Flow Operated at room temperature and Soluble trace gases such as Ammonia, about 1μm in size are mainly produced by windblown dust Comp. Air atmospheric pressure. NH3, are produced from agricultural and sea-spray. Aerosols smaller than 1μm are mostly formed Unit by condensation processes e.g. conversion of SO gas released PARTICLE SIZER (SMPS) sources and represents a significant 2 from volcanic eruptions to sulfate-type particles. Monitors aerosol fraction, NH3/N2 atmospheric pollutant in Ireland. particle size, mass, surface SMPS CHEMILUMINESCENCE area, volume. -
Orca Corrosion Chart
Unsaturated Polyester Vinylster (Epoxy Acrylate Resins) CHEMICAL Conc Resins NO ISO BIS Novolac Bromine ENVIRONMENT % 511/512 301 585 570 545/555 A 1 Acetaldehyde 20 NR 40 40 40 2 Acetic Acid 10 80 100 100 100 3 Acetic Acid 15 60 100 100 100 4 Acetic Acid 25 60 100 100 100 5 Acetic Acid 50 - 80 80 80 6 Acetic Acid 75 NR 65 65 65 7 Acetic Acid, Glacial 100 NR NR 40 NR 8 Acetic Anhydride 100 NR NR 40 NR 9 Acetone 10 NR NR 80 80 10 Acetone 100 NR NR NR NR 11 Acetonitrile 20 - 40 40 40 12 Acetyl Acetone 20 - 40 50 40 13 Acrolein (Acrylaldehyde) 20 - 40 40 40 14 Acrylamide 50 NR 40 40 40 15 Acrylic Acid 25 NR 40 40 40 16 Acrylic Latex All - 80 80 80 17 Acrylonitrile Latex Dispersion 2 NR 25 25 25 Activated Carbon Beds, Water 18 - 80 100 80 Treatment Adipic Acid(1.5g solution in 19 23 - 80 80 80 water at 25℃, sol in hot water) 20 ALAMINE amines - 65 80 65 21 Alkyl(C8-10) Dimethyl Amine 100 - 80 100 80 22 Alkyl(C8-10) Chloride All - 80 100 95 23 Alkyl Benzene Sulfonic Acid 90 NR 50 50 50 Alkyl Tolyl Trimethyl 24 - - 40 50 40 Ammonium Chloride 25 Allyl Alcohol 100 NR NR 25 NR 26 Allyl Chloride All NR 25 25 25 27 Alpha Methylstyrene 100 NR 25 50 25 28 Alpha Oleum Sulfates 100 NR 50 50 50 29 Alum Sat'd 80 100 120 100 30 Aluminum Chloride Sat'd 80 100 120 100 31 Aluminum Chlorohydrate All - 100 100 100 32 Aluminum Chlorohydroxide 50 - 100 100 100 33 Aluminum Fluoride All - 25 25 25 34 Aluminum Hydroxide 100 80 80 95 80 35 Aluminum Nitrate All 80 100 100 100 36 Aluminum Potassium Sulfate Sat'd 80 100 120 100 37 Aluminum Sulfate Sat'd 80 100 120 100 -
United States Patent (19) (11 3,954,955 Furkert (45) *May 4, 1976
United States Patent (19) (11 3,954,955 Furkert (45) *May 4, 1976 54 PROCESS FOR WORKING UP THE WASH Engineering, Duan Nostrand Co., N.Y., N.Y., 1932, SOLUTION OBTAINED IN THE WASHING pp. 1-3. OF SOCONTAINING OFF-GASES 75) Inventor: Herbert Furkert, Grosskonigsdorf, Primary Examiner-Oscar R. Vertiz Germany Assistant Examiner-Gary P. Straub 73) Assignee: Davy Powergas GmbH, Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Millen, Raptes & White Cologne-Braunsfeld, Germany * Notice: The portion of the term of this patent subsequent to Mar. 5, 1991, 57 ABSTRACT has been disclaimed. In a process which comprises scrubbing an SO 22 Filed: Aug. 30, 1972 containing gas with an aqueous ammonia solution to form ammonium sulfite and ammonium bisulfite as re (21) Appl. No.: 284,709 action products, neutralizing said reaction products Related U.S. Application Data with sulfuric acid to form SO, and aqueous ammo nium sulfate, and concentrating the resultant aqueous 63 Continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 228,258, Feb. 22, ammonium sulfate by evaporation, the improvement 1972, Pat. No. 3,795,731. which comprises: 30 Foreign Application Priority Data a heating the concentrated aqueous ammonium sulfate to a temperature of 900-1250°C in a Aug. 31, 197 Germany............................ 2143444 combustion chamber burning a carbon or sulfur containing fuel, in the presence of sufficient 52 U.S. Cl.............................. 423/541 A; 423/242 oxygen to maintain an oxygen content of 1-10 vol (5) Int. Cl..................... C01B 17160; C01B 17/50 % in the gas exiting from the combustion (58) Field of Search........... 423/522,539, 541, 542, chamber, to form a hot split gas consisting 4231544, 545, 547, 550, 242, 523 essentially of sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, molecular nitrogen, molecular oxygen and water (56) References Cited vapor; and UNITED STATES PATENTS b. -
Chemical Names and CAS Numbers Final
Chemical Abstract Chemical Formula Chemical Name Service (CAS) Number C3H8O 1‐propanol C4H7BrO2 2‐bromobutyric acid 80‐58‐0 GeH3COOH 2‐germaacetic acid C4H10 2‐methylpropane 75‐28‐5 C3H8O 2‐propanol 67‐63‐0 C6H10O3 4‐acetylbutyric acid 448671 C4H7BrO2 4‐bromobutyric acid 2623‐87‐2 CH3CHO acetaldehyde CH3CONH2 acetamide C8H9NO2 acetaminophen 103‐90‐2 − C2H3O2 acetate ion − CH3COO acetate ion C2H4O2 acetic acid 64‐19‐7 CH3COOH acetic acid (CH3)2CO acetone CH3COCl acetyl chloride C2H2 acetylene 74‐86‐2 HCCH acetylene C9H8O4 acetylsalicylic acid 50‐78‐2 H2C(CH)CN acrylonitrile C3H7NO2 Ala C3H7NO2 alanine 56‐41‐7 NaAlSi3O3 albite AlSb aluminium antimonide 25152‐52‐7 AlAs aluminium arsenide 22831‐42‐1 AlBO2 aluminium borate 61279‐70‐7 AlBO aluminium boron oxide 12041‐48‐4 AlBr3 aluminium bromide 7727‐15‐3 AlBr3•6H2O aluminium bromide hexahydrate 2149397 AlCl4Cs aluminium caesium tetrachloride 17992‐03‐9 AlCl3 aluminium chloride (anhydrous) 7446‐70‐0 AlCl3•6H2O aluminium chloride hexahydrate 7784‐13‐6 AlClO aluminium chloride oxide 13596‐11‐7 AlB2 aluminium diboride 12041‐50‐8 AlF2 aluminium difluoride 13569‐23‐8 AlF2O aluminium difluoride oxide 38344‐66‐0 AlB12 aluminium dodecaboride 12041‐54‐2 Al2F6 aluminium fluoride 17949‐86‐9 AlF3 aluminium fluoride 7784‐18‐1 Al(CHO2)3 aluminium formate 7360‐53‐4 1 of 75 Chemical Abstract Chemical Formula Chemical Name Service (CAS) Number Al(OH)3 aluminium hydroxide 21645‐51‐2 Al2I6 aluminium iodide 18898‐35‐6 AlI3 aluminium iodide 7784‐23‐8 AlBr aluminium monobromide 22359‐97‐3 AlCl aluminium monochloride -
M. F. Nabihah, S. Shanmugan "Structural Parameter and TEM
Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures Vol. 11, No. 2, April - June 2016, p. 349 - 356 STRUCTURAL PARAMETER AND TEM ANALYSIS OF BERYLLIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED BY POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL ROUTE M. F. NABIHAH, S. SHANMUGAN* aNano Optoelectronics Research Laboratory, School of Physics, UniversitiSains Malaysia (USM), 11800, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Beryllium oxide (BeO) nanoparticles were synthesized by polyacrylamide gel route followed by calcination at 700°C and 800° C and examined their structural behaviour by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The structural parameters such as dislocation density, residual stress, lattice strain, texture coefficient, lattice parameter and bond length were calculated from XRD data and discussed. The calculated crystallite size was in nanometer scale (<70 nm) and reduced when calcined at 800°C. Dislocation density was changed with respect to orientations and observed low value for (100) orientated phase when calcined at 700°C. Residual stress analysis evidenced the formation of compressive stress and dominated for calcined BeO nanoparticles. Calcination temperature did not much influence in changing the Be-O bond length. The synthesis of preferentially (002) oriented BeO nanoparticles were confirmed by texture coefficient analysis. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) was attested the formation of nano particles with ellipsoid-like shape and agreed with XRD results. Stoichiometric BeO nano particles were confirmed by EDX spectra. (Received February 3, 2016; Accepted April 7, 2016) Keywords: BeO, Nano Particles, Structural Parameters, XRD analysis, TEM analysis, SEM analysis. 1. Introduction During the last decade, LEDs are changing the world of lighting due to their efficiencies, size, durability, and lifetime cost. LEDs have become one of the standard methods of producing lights [1]. -
Investigation of the Solar Hybrid Photo-Thermochemical Sulfur-Ammonia Water Splitting Cycle for Hydrogen Production Agni E
361 A publication of CHEMICAL ENGINEERING TRANSACTIONS The Italian Association VOL. 45, 2015 of Chemical Engineering www.aidic.it/cet Guest Editors: Petar Sabev Varbanov, Jiří Jaromír Klemeš, Sharifah Rafidah Wan Alwi, Jun Yow Yong, Xia Liu Copyright © 2015, AIDIC Servizi S.r.l., ISBN 978-88-95608-36-5; ISSN 2283-9216 DOI: 10.3303/CET1545061 Investigation of the Solar Hybrid Photo-Thermochemical Sulfur-Ammonia Water Splitting Cycle for Hydrogen Production Agni E. Kalyvaa, Ekaterini Ch. Vagiaa, Athanasios G. Konstandopoulosb, Arun R. Srinivasac, Ali T-Raissid, Nazim Muradovd, Konstantinos E. Kakosimos*,a aTexas A&M University at Qatar, Chemical Engineering Department, Sustainable Energy Research Laboratory (SERL), PO Box 23874, Doha, Qatar bChemical Process Engineering Research Institute, Aerosol and Particle Technology Laboratory (APTL), Center for Research and Technology-Hellas (CERTH/CPERI), P.O. Box 361, 57001 Thermi-Thessaloniki, Greece cTexas A&M University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College Station, TX 77843-3123, USA dFlorida Solar Energy Center, University of Central Florida, Cocoa, FL 32922, USA [email protected] Hydrogen is currently being used in many industries, from chemical and refining to metallurgical, glass and electronics, while being at the same time a promising energy carrier. Therefore the need for hydrogen is experiencing a very rapid growth. At the same time, the traditional hydrogen production methods (e.g., steam methane reforming, water electrolysis) are energy and resources intensive. Thus, research focus is on sustainable technologies that can produce hydrogen in an economic and environmental friendly way. Hydrogen production via a solar driven hybrid sulfur-ammonia water splitting cycle (HySA) developed at Florida Solar Energy Center is such a promising technology. -
Thermodynamic Properties of Isoprene- and Monoterpene-Derived Organosulfates Estimated with Cosmotherm
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 5679–5696, 2020 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5679-2020 © Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Thermodynamic properties of isoprene- and monoterpene-derived organosulfates estimated with COSMOtherm Noora Hyttinen1, Jonas Elm2, Jussi Malila1, Silvia M. Calderón1, and Nønne L. Prisle1 1Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland 2Department of Chemistry and iClimate, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark Correspondence: Noora Hyttinen (noora.hyttinen@oulu.fi), and Nønne L. Prisle (nonne.prisle@oulu.fi) Received: 25 November 2019 – Discussion started: 17 December 2019 Revised: 9 April 2020 – Accepted: 10 April 2020 – Published: 13 May 2020 Abstract. Organosulfates make significant contributions 1 Introduction to atmospheric secondary organic aerosol (SOA), but lit- tle is known about the thermodynamic properties of at- mospherically relevant organosulfates. We have used the Organosulfates (R−OSO3H, OS) have been identified as COSMOtherm program to calculate both the gas- and components of atmospheric secondary organic aerosol condensed-phase properties of previously identified at- (SOA) from a variety of environments (Surratt et al., 2007; mospherically relevant monoterpene- and isoprene-derived Glasius et al., 2018a,b). In the Amazon, the contribution organosulfates. Properties include solubilities, activities and of organic sulfate was found to be 3 %–42 % of the total saturation vapor pressures, which are critical to the aerosol- aerosol sulfate for the compounds measured using aerosol phase stability and atmospheric impact of organosulfate mass spectrometry (Glasius et al., 2018a). In Atlanta, Geor- SOA. Based on the estimated saturation vapor pressures, the gia, organosulfates accounted for 16.5 % of the total organic organosulfates of this study can all be categorized as semi- carbon of fine particulate matter (PM2:5)(Hettiyadura et al., volatile or low-volatile, with saturation vapor pressures 4 2019).