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Development & Operation Strategy of Renewable Energy – HK Electric's 6 September 2013 Development & Operation Strategy of Renewable Energy – HK Electric’ s Experience Ir TYIT.Y Ip, SiMSenior Manager, EiEnvironmentlAffital Affairs The Hongkong Electric Co., Ltd. Contents Company Profile HK Electric ’s Renewable Energy Initiatives The “Lamma Winds” Proposed Offshore Wind Farm Lamma Solar - Thin Film Photovoltaic System Sustainable Developpgyment Strategy Summary Lamma Solar TFPV “Lamma Winds” Extension • 2013 • 2006 Lamma SlSolar Offsh ore Wi nd TFPV System Farm • 2010 • 2017 2 Corporate Profile Investor-owned utility established in 1889 Powering Hong Kong over 120 years Supplying electricity to 567,000+ customers in Hong Kong with a supreme reliability of HK Electric incorporated in 1889, lit up over 99.999% since 1997 the first electric lamp post in Central and started supply ing electricity in 1890 Strong workforce of 1, 800 employees 1890 - 1922 1919 - 1980 1968 - 1989 1982 - 2006 - 2010 - Wanchai P/S North Point P/S Apleichau P/S Lamma P/S Lamma Extension Solar PV System 3 Supply Territories (Hong Kong) Interconnection with Mainland China Interconnection with Mainland China New Territories Black Point Power Station Castle Peak Power Station Kowloon Penny’s Bay Power Station Lantau Island Hong Kong Island Supply Area of Lamma The Hongkong Electric Co Ltd Power Sta tion Supply Area of CLP Power Hong Kong Ltd Lamma 4 Island Existing Interconnectors Generation Portfolio (2012) Installed Capacity in 2012: 3,737MW Coal-fired units: Wind turbine: ● 3 x 250MW – one with Flue Gas ● 1 x 800kW Desulphurisation (FGD) plants ● 5 x 350MW – all with FGD plants and Low NOx Burner Systems Liquefied Natural Gas-fired CCGTs: ● 1 x 345MW Solar Power ● 1 x 335MW (TFPV): ● 1 MW Distillate oil-fired gas turbines & standby units for peak lopping: ● 555MW Over 90% of units of electricity generated come from environmental friendly generation units. 5 Network Portfolio (2012) Transmission (275/132kV) / Distribution (22/11kV) Switching Stations: 25 Cable Tunnel: 6 Zone Substations: 27 Distribution Substations: 3,755 Consumers: 567, 000 Units Sold: 11,036 GWh 6 HK Electric’s Renewable Energy Initiatives 7 An Environmentally Conscious VMV To contribute to global efforts in combating climate change 8 Needs of Renewable Energy Development ● Sustainable sources of energy without emissions ● Government’s consultation paper “Hong Kong’s Climate Change Strategy & Action Agenda – 2010” proposed a long term plan for renewable energy development of 3-4% of the total power generation in HK by 2020 ● Promoting RE and reducing coal-fired generation in a meaningful scale to improve loca l env ironmen t, m itigat e cli ma te c hange and advocate sustainable development 9 Lamma Winds 10 Development of The Lamma Winds Objectives : Demonstrat ion o f ut iliz ing w in d energy for power generat ion Education purpose with the use of visitors’ facilities Wider application of renewable energy – provision of invaluable local experience on design, construction and O&M of wind turbines ● Wind monitoring commenced since 2001 ● EIA commenced in early 2004 ● Environmental Permit granted in Nov 2004 ● Wind turbine installation completed in September 2005 ● Commercial operation since February 2006 ● First commercial scale wind power station in Hong Kong 11 Lamma Winds Profile Site Location: Tai Ling, Lamma Island Over 6,500 MWh of green electricity produced up to the present Site Area: 2,500 m2 Capacity: 800 kW Higgyp,hest daily production: 17,875kWh on 18-4-2008 Average Wind Speed: 5.5 m/s The average capacity factor of “Lamma Winds” for the past Annual Generation: approx. 1,000,000 kWh 7 years (2006 – 2012) is 13% with the highest in 2009 at 15.7% Supplant the use of 350 tons of coal per annum Reduce emissions of 830 tons of CO2 Exhibition Centre Educational information on nature and application of Wind and other sources of Renewable Energy Real-time operational data of the “Lamma Winds” A tourist attraction in Lamma Island 12 Performance Data from 2006 to 2012 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Electricity Generated, 840 865 807 1099 977 867 1,053 MWh Capacity Factor, % 11.98 12.34 11.49 15.69 13.94 12.4 15 Availability, % 93.0 98.3 94.8 95.3 97.8 97.61 96.08 MSd/Mean Speed, m/s 434.3 424.2 424.2 464.6 444.4 414.1 454.5 Capacity Factor vs Annual Mean Availability of Lamma 800kW Wind Speed Wind Turbine , % 18 99 16 98 14 97 12 96 10 95 8 94 6 93 4 92 2 91 0 90 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 13 Maintenance Experience ● Maintenance is normally arranged on weekdays as there would be fewer visitors. ● Maintenance would not be carried out at night for safety reasons ● No work is allowed on the drive side when wind speed exceeds 12 m/s. ● Scheduled and unscheduled maintenance Annual Intermediate Unscheduled Maintenance Maintenance Power Maximum Abnormal Noise Insulation Low Alarm from Yaw Brake- Alarm disc Scheduled Annual Main Maintenance Maintenance Five Years Maintenance 14 O&M Strategy to Imp rove Reliability Apart from the routine and scheduled Using non-destructive techniques maintenance recommended by the including vibration monitoring and analysis of gearbox oil wind turbine manufacturer, the Identify the repairs needed before following maintenance strategy incipient failures develop established for fossil-fuel power Predictive Allows early prediction of equipment‘s Maintenance component failure station was incorporated Saving the cost of unnecessary routine maateaceintenance A history buffer is Plant owners are available to allow a responsible for the review of events leading Plant performance and up to a fault. Improved Ownership expenditure of Suggestions and Maintainability respective assets. comments were ShScheme Setting performance incorporated as part of pledges the continuous Plant closely monitored improvement process. and maintained Lists out likely failure modes alongside with the spares Monthly routine inspection inventory, manpower, tools and Routine and and post-typhoon inspection equipment for carrying out the IldIncludes vi sual lhkfth check of the repairs. Logistic Plan Post-Typhoon Inspection brake system, oil level, Breakdowns are dealt with coolant pressure, yaw efficiently and downtime of the position etc. 15 wind turbine can be minimized Proposed Offshore Wind Farm 16 Offshore Wind Farm Development ● Siting study carried out since 2006 ● NitblldfdlNo suitable land for developmen t of an onshore wind farm ● Development of an offshore wind farm is the only option Areas with AdequateHong Kong Wind Map Resource for Development of Wind Farm South West Lamma is the final chosen site for development of an offshore wind farm among 8 potential sites 17 Advantages of the South West Lamma Site ● Least potential environmental impact ● Technical merits: Close proximity to Lamma Power Station for logistics supports Shorter transmission cable Shallower water Lower total costs Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Scope 1. Water Quality 2. Waste Management 3. Terrestrial Ecology 4. Marine Ecology 5. Fisheries 6. Landscape & Visual Impact 7. Cultural Heritage 18 General Design Information Location 3.5 km Southwest of Lamma Island Capacity Up to 100 MW No. of Wind Turbine 25 – 35 nos. Wind Turbine Capacity 3 – 4 MW Class Land-take Area 600 Ha Hub Height ~ 82m Water Depth 18 – 23 m IEC Class 1 wind turbine model will be adopted to withstand typhoon condition with maximum 3-second gust of 70m/s Capacity (MW) Rotor Dia(m) Cut-in / Cut-out / Rated Wind Speed (m/s) 3 90 -112 3~4 / 25 / 15 3.6 107 -120 3~5 / 25 / 12~14 4.1 113 3.5 / 25 / 14 Typical wind turbine characteristics 19 Systematic Feasibility Studies ● Wind resource assessment ● Foundation conceptual design ● Grid Stability Impact ● Civil aviation and marine navigation safety ● Studies on artificial reef and fisheries management 20 Wind Resources Assessment Desktop Studies ● Computer modelling technology based on historical wind data archive ● Average wind speed at the wind farm site ranges between Weibull Curve Wind Rose 6.61m/s to 7.13m/s On Site Wind Measurement ● LIDAR technology adopted which captures wind data by measuring the Doppler shift of the laser beam scattered by microscopic airborne particulates ● Full hub height mast (80m) is not required leading to a substantial reduction in foundation cost ● 4 x 4m platform supported on piles 80m ● Powered by RE facilities ● Equipped with 10m reference met mast 22.5m ● Safety facilities for aviation & marine traffic 12.5m ● Validated by independent certifying body ● Monitoring campaign commenced since 1 March 2012 21 LIDAR System Met Mast Foundation Design ● Different types of foundations have been considered ● Monopile and gravity based foundations are mostly adopted in existing offshore wind farm installations 80m Monopile Gravity Base Tripod Suction Caisson22 Study on Grid Stability Impact Wind power characteristics: ● Erratic nature of wind power ● Dynamic behavior of wind turbines Mismatch of wind power output with system ● Uncertainty on output prediction demand: ● Increase in system variability ● High wind power output at light load period ● Wind power ramp up/down against system demand Recommendation Ramping rate limitation Limiting the total output of wind farm Energy storage facilities Wind Power Decrease during Demand Increase in Summer Wind Power Increase during Demand Decrease in Winter 23 Solar Power System 24 Lamma Solar Power Syypstem Development ● As a pilot project for the Shenzhen Hong Kong Innovative Circle, DuPont established a plant in Shenzhen for manufacture of Thin Film Photovoltaic (TFPV) panels in 2008. ● Stage 1 with capacity of 550kW was commissioned in July 2010. ● In view of remarkable performance in its 1st year of operation, HK Electric decided to expand the system capacity to 1MW in 2011. ● Stage 2 to be constructed in 2 phases with capacity of 450kW was completed in March 2013.
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