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JUNE 2008 VOLUME 5 ISSUE 1 & 2 NEBULA A Journal of Multidisciplinary Scholarship ISSN-1449 7751 Realization of a Digital Social Networking Sites: No Ceremony for Older Intellect Will They Survive? Women: The 2008 Academy Awards Paul Booth Jim Kent Robert Goff PAGE 22 PAGE 37 PAGE 91 Guest Editor: Rebecca Beirne Nebula 5.1/5.2, June 2008 The Nebula Editorial Board Dr. Samar Habib: Editor in Chief (Australia) Dr. Joseph Benjamin Afful, University of Cape Coast (Ghana) Dr. Senayon S. Alaoluw,University of the Witwatersrand (South Africa) Dr. Samirah Alkasim, independent scholar (Egypt) Dr. Rebecca Beirne, The University of Newcastle (Australia) Dr. Nejmeh Khalil-Habib, The University of Sydney (Australia) Dr. Isaac Kamola, Dartmouth College (U.S.A) Garnet Kindervater, The University of Minnesota (U.S.A) Dr. Olukoya Ogen, Obafemi Awolowo University (Nigeria) Dr. Paul Ayodele Osifodunrin, University of Lagos (Nigeria) Dr. Babak Rahimi, University of California (San Diego, U.S.A) Dr. Michael Angelo Tata, City University of New York (U.S.A) The Nebula Advisory Board Dr. Serena Anderlini-D’Onofrio, The University of Puerto Rico Dr. Paul Allatson, The University of Technology, Sydney (Australia) Dr. Benjamin Carson, Bridgewater State College (U.S.A) Dr. Murat Cemrek, Selcuk University (Turkey) Dr. Melissa Hardie, The University of Sydney (Australia) Dr. Samvel Jeshmaridian, The City University of New York (U.S.A) Dr. Christopher Kelen, The University of Macao (China) Dr. Kate Lilley, The University of Sydney (Australia) Dr. Karmen MacKendrick, Le Moyne College of New York (U.S.A) Dr. Tracy Biga MacLean, Academic Director, Claremont Colleges (U.S.A) Dr. Wayne Pickard, a very independent scholar (Australia) Dr. Ruying Qi, The University of Western Sydney (Australia) Dr. Ruben Safrastyan, Armenian National Academy of Sciences (Armenia) Dr. Alberto Sandoval, Mount Holyoke College (U.S.A) Dr. Judith Snodgrass, The University of Western Sydney (Australia) Dr. Helga Tawil-Souri, New York University (U.S.A) Opinions expressed in articles published in Nebula reflect those of their respective authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the journal or its editorial or advisory board members. Nebula 5.1/5.2, June 2008 Content i Note on contributors 105 Confucius On Music Education. 1 An Attempt to Reconcile Epicurus’ Ji Yue Hedonism with His Epistemology and More Particularly with His Physics. 111 An Historical Analysis of United States Kane X. Faucher Newspapers’ Bias in Reporting the Al-Aqsa Intifada. 11 The Evolution and Development of Yashar Keramati Central Administration in Ebiraland, 1920-1997. 126 The Lack of Implementation of Victor Osaro Edo United Nations Security Council’s 242 Resolution: The Constructivists’ 22 Mediating New Technology: the Delusion and The Marxist and Realists Realization of a Digital Intellect. Explanation. Paul Booth Yashar Keramati 37 Social Networking Sites: will they 134 The Changing Phases of Power and Civil survive? Administration in Benin: From Inception Jim Kent to 1987. Victor Osaro Edo 45 Lots of Planets Have a North: Remodeling Second-Tier Cities and their Music. Tara Brabazon and Stephen Mallinder 61 Toward a Revolutionary Emirati Poetics: Ghabesh’s Beman Ya Buthayn Taluthin? Saddik M. Gohar 74 Al-Awda: the Theme of Return in Contemporary Arabic Literature: a Case- Study of Samira ‘Azam. Nejmeh Khalil-Habib 82 Maps in Michael Ondaatje’s The English Patient. Ahmad M.S. Abu Baker 91 No Ceremony for Older Women: Some Observations on the 2008 Academy Awards Broadcast. Robert Goff Nebula 5.1/5.2, June 2008 Note on contributors Ahmad S. Abu Baker Victor Osaro Edo Assistant Professor in English Literature at Al Dr.Victor Osaro Edo is a lecturer in the al-Bayt University, Jordan, since 2003. Abu Department of History, University of Ibadan, Baker is Acting Chairman of the English Dept. at Ibadan. He specializes in Benin Studies as well as Al al-Bayt University and received his Doctorate political and cultural history. Edo has published in English and Comparative Literature from a number of articles in books and journals. Some Murdoch University in Western Australia in 2002. of his published books include: African Culture and Civilization (Ibadan,2005),co-edited with O.Oguntomisin and African Civilisation from the Earliest Times to 1500 A.D.(Ibadan,2007). He is a Paul Booth member of the Historical Society of Nigeria (HSN) and is currently the co-ordinator of postgraduate Paul Booth is currently a Ph.D. candidate at programmes of the Department of History of the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. His current University. research interests include digital culture and the influence of New Media on Old. His articles have appeared in the Texas Speech Communication Journal; Games and Culture as well as having Kane X. Faucher published academic guidebooks for students with College Prowler Publications. Kane X. Faucher is a novelist and lecturer at the University of Western Ontario. His specialty is in ontology, polemic, and theories of propaganda. His works of literary and academic endeavour have Tara Brabazon appeared recently in Exquisite Corpse, Recherche Litteraire, Janus Head, Angelaki: Journal of the Tara Brabazon is Professor of Media Studies at Theoretical Humanities, 3711Atlantic, Zygote in the University of Brighton. She has published nine My Coffee 9, Quill and Ink, Jack Magazine and books: The University of Google, The Revolution Defenestration (only to name a few). He has pro- will not be downloaded, Tracking the Jack, vided an editor’s introduction to Che Elias’ novel, Ladies who Lunge, Digital Hemlock, Liverpool The Pagan Ellipsis. His novel, Urdox! was released of the South Seas, From Revolution to Revelation in 2004, and Codex Obscura (with an introduc- and Playing on the Periphery. A former national tion by Raymond Federman) will be appearing teaching award winner and finalist for Australian this summer. His chapbook, Cystem SansCrit, of the Year, she is Director of the Popular Culture has been released by Dusty Owl Press. He is an Collective (http://www.popularculturecollective. editorial member of the journal, Skandalon, as com) well as the general editor of the soonto-be inau- gurated journal, Critical Mass: Theory & Fiction. In his contribution to Nebula, Kane explores the inconsistencies in Mao Tse Tung’s rule as well as elevating his speculation over these irregularities Note on Contributors i Nebula 5.1/5.2, June 2008 to a form of intellectual intrigue which almost Afro-American and Arab Poets in Dialogue” borders on the esoteric, at least, the transcenden- was published in Creativity in Exile (New York: tal. Carefully written and highly reflective Mao’s Rodopi, 2004). Saddik is interested in translation Dialectical Materialism as an individualism: and has worked as a part-time translator for a con- Theory and Practice will be of great interest to siderable period of time. readers of Marxist and Deleuseian critical theory as well as those interested in subversive readings of any kind. Yue Ji Yue Ji has taught music at Nanjing University of Robert Goff Aeronautics and Astronautics, in China since 2003. She holds two Master degrees, one from University Robert Goff resides in Providence, Rhode Island of Alberta, Canada on piano performance, and the and teaches films courses at the University other from Nanjing Normal University, China, on of Massachusetts, Boston and at Providence music education. Her research interests include College. Recent publications and presentations music education, interdisciplinary study of music, include “The Joy of Aging: Alex Comfort and letters, and history, and intercultural studies. the Popularization of Gerontology.” Journal of Aging,Humanities and the Arts. October, 2007 and“Rhode Island on Film: Changing Views of Tourism in the Regional Travelogue” copresented Jim Kent with Patricia Raub at The Northeast Historic Film Summer Symposium, July 20-21, 2007. James Kent is a tri-lingual graduate from the Bucksport, Maine. University of Hertfordshire and is currently completing an MA at Brighton University. He is best known for his 5 years as Breakfast pre- senter and commentator on National Radio within Saddik Gohar Luxembourg, and as a pioneer of English broad- casting within the Grand Duchy. As a result of 2 Saddik Gohar received his PhD and Masters years further study of Thai language and culture, in English Literature and Criticism from the he developed interests in predicting the outcome University of Pennsylvannia in Indiana (USA). of new media growth in Anglo and Asian contexts. He received his first BA in English language from Ain Shams University in Cairo University and another BA in English literature from Mansora University in Egypt. His “The Political Poetry Yashar Keramati of Le Roi Jones and Mdhafa Al-Nawwab: A Comparative Perspective” is forthcoming in the Yashar Keramati is studying in the field of fall volume of the Digest of Middle East Studies International Relations at the University of British (Wisconsin University). His “Protest and Revolt: Columbia, Canada. Currently he is on exchange Note on Contributors ii Nebula 5.1/5.2, June 2008 for one year at the University of Cape Town, so as is also a founder member of pioneering electronic to learn about the history and effects of apartheid act Cabaret Voltaire. He moved to Australia in as well as to volunteer within the most impover- the mid 1990s, establishing Off World Sounds in ished areas. Keramati has published previously in 1996, and recorded under the names Sassi & Loco Nebula 4.1 & 4.2. and The Ku-Ling Bros. Concurrently, Stephen Mallinder has held consultancy positions for Sony Music Australia and Mushroom Music. He has been Talks Producer for RTR-FM. He is finishing Nejmeh Khalil-Habib a PhD at Murdoch University in Western Australia with the title Movement. Nejmeh Khalil-Habib was born in Haifa, Palestine, in 1946 and was raised in Beirut, Lebanon. She received an MA in Arabic literature from the Lebanese University in 1991 and is currently completing her Doctorate at the University of Sydney.