Late Gothic Architecture
Its Evolution, Extinction, and Reception
Robert Bork
BREPOLS CONTENTS
Acknowledgements vn
Introduction: The Anti-Gothic Turn Terminology and historiography 1 Reconsidering the fate of late Gothic architecture 13
Chapter 1: Getting the Point—Antiquity to 1300 Architectural innovation from Vitruvius to the dawn of the Gothic Era 2,1 2.8 French Gothic architectural innovation from 1130 to 1300 The international spread of the Gothic mode from 1170 to 1300 38
to Chapter 2: From Gothic to Late Gothic—1300 135° Gothic architecture and the figural arts in Giotto s world 53 and in 59 The emergence of the Decorated Perpendicular Styles England Continental variations on the Gothic tradition 69
ofLate *° Chapter 3: The Evolution Gothic—135° I4°° The Black Death and the tenor of the age 79 81 The German Empire and Central Europe in the Age of the Parlers England and the triumph of the Perpendicular 91 France, Burgundy, and the Netherlands 95 Iberia 101 Northern Italy and the Milan debates 1Q4
Mode and its Gothic Context—1400 to 1450 Chapter 4: The Antique in Florence n5 The emergence ofaU'antica design in the fifteenth 121 The social context of European architecture early century France and Burgundy I2T The Holy Roman Empire and Central Europe *3° Poland and the Baltic *37 England Portugal *4° Spain l*z to Chapter 5: Polarized Modernisms—1450 1500 architectural 151 Contrasting conventions and contexts of practice Italy: Alberti, Francesco di Giorgio, and the architectural treatise 153 France Burgundy and the Low Countries *75 The Germanic World *79 Flungary and the reign of Matthias Corvinus 189 Bohemia *95 Poland England 201 Portugal 20 3 20 ^ Spain
Chapter 6: Collision and Hybridity—1500 to 1525 Synthesis and its limits 223 Italy 224 France 229 The Low Countries: The reign of Margaret ofAustria 2,46 The Germanic World: Diirer, Luther, and the Fuggers 138 Flungary 275 Bohemia 27^ Poland 28° England 286 Portugal 292 Spain 297
Chapter 7: Purge, Extinction, and Appropriation The decline and displacement of the Gothic tradition 3 21 Italy 3 22 France 328
The Netherlands 341 The Germanic world and its southeastern neighbors 3 51 Poland 369 Portugal 373 Spain 379 England 392
Epilog: The Legacy of Late Gothic Architecture Survival, revival, and scholarship 411
Bibliography 441 List of Illustrations 465
Index 479
Color Plates 521 List of Illustrations
Introduction 1.3—Florence, San Miniato al Monte, interior: Photo by Kucharek o.i—Strasbourg Cathedral, spire: Photo by Robert https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:San_ Bork Miniato_al_Monte_Florence_Italy.jpg 0.2.—Meissen, Albrechtsburg Palace, interior of great 1.4—Jumieges, Notre-Dame, nave interior: Photo by hall: Photo by Robert Bork Laurei9o6 0.3—Salamanca Cathedral, interior: Photo by Robert https: //commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Abbaye_ Bork de_Jumiegesi.JPG 0.4—Westminster, Henry VII Chapel, exterior: 1.5—Durham Cathedral, nave interior: Photo by Photo by Robert Bork Giomodica 0.5—Florence, San Lorenzo, nave interior: Photo by https: / /commons, wikimedia.org/wiki/ Peter K. Burian File:Durham_-_Cathedral_-_panoramio.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Basilica_ 1.6—Paray-le-Monial, monastery church interior: di_San_Lorenzo,_looking_toward_the_altar.jpg Photo byjochen Jahnke o.6—Cologne Cathedral, interior: Photo by Robert https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:F09. Bork Paray-le-M0nial.0157.JPG 0.7—Annaberg, Saint Anne, interior: Photo by 1.7—Saint-Denis Abbey, interior of choir ambula¬ Bork Zairon tory: Photo by Robert https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ 1.8—Paris, Notre-Dame, exterior of apse: Photo by File: Annaberg-Buchh0lz_St._Annen_Innen_2.JPG DXR https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Notre_ Dame_de_Paris,_East_View_i40207_i.jpg I>9—Chartres Cathedral, west ft^ade: Photo by Chapter I: From Antiquity to Early Gothic Robert Bork mo—Saint-Denis Abbey, interior of nave: Photo by Paul i-i—Centula, San Riquier Abbey, engraving by Robert Bork Petau, copied after an nth-century drawing 1.11—Koch Snowflake: graphic by Wxs https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Paul_ https://commons, wikimedia.org/wiki/ Petau_-_Saint-Riquier_-_WGA1738z.jpg File:KochFlake.svg Photo i.z—Florence Cathedral Baptistery, exterior: 1.12—Cross-sections ofBourges Cathedral and Saint- Lucarelli by Denis Abbey, with geometrical overlays. Graphic by Andrew Tallon https://commons. wikimedia.org/wiki/ Robert Bork, survey data by File: Battistero_Firenze.jpg 1.13—Tomb slab of Hughes Libergier, now in Reims 1.27—Apulia, Castel del Monte, main portal: Photo Cathedral: Photo by Robert Bork by Marcok 1.14—Paris, Sainte-Chapelle, interior: Photo by https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Castel_ Robert Bork del_M0nte_giu06_0n.jpg 1.15—Beauvais Cathedral, chevet exterior: Photo by Robert Bork 1.16—Airvault, Saint-Pierre, vault: Photo by Pere Igor Chapter 2: The Early 14th Century https : / /commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Category: Abbaye_de_Saint-Pierre_d%27Airvault#/ 2.1—Reims Cathedral, Annunciation and Visitation media/File: Airvault_eglise_plafond_nef.JPG sculptures ofwest facade: Photo by Jennifer Feltman 1.17—Lincoln Cathedral, nave interior: Photo by 2.2—Cimabue, Santa Trinita Madonna David Iliff https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ https:/ /commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ File-.Cimabue_Trinita_Madonna.jpg File:Lincoln_Cathedral_Nave_i,_Lincolnshire,_ 2.3—Giotto, Ognissanti Madonna UK_-_Diliff.jpg https-.//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ 1.18—Westminster Abbey, chapter house interior: File:Giotto,_i267_Around-i337_-_ Photo by Aiwok Maest%C3%Ao_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ 2-4—Florence, Santa Croce, interior: Photo by File:Westminster_Abbey_Chapter_House_i.JPG Miguel Hermoso Cuesta 1.19—Strasbourg Cathedral, Plan B, as redrawn by https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Basilica_ Gustav Klotz in the 19th century. di_Santa_Croce _01.JPG 1.2.0—Colmar, Dominican church, choir interior: 2.5—Siena Cathedral, west facade: Photo by sailko Photo by Danielyomi https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ File :Duomo_di_siena,_facciata_01.JPG File:Colmar_%C3%A9glise_des_Dominicains_ 1.6—Orvieto Cathedral, west facade: Photo by int%C3%A9rieur_ioo9_02.jpg Robert Bork 1.21—Toledo Cathedral, ambulatory interior: Photo 2-7—Hardingstone, Eleanor Cross, with detail of by Miguel Hermoso Cuesta ogee arch: Photo by Poliphilo https ://commons.w ikimedia.org/wiki/ https: / / commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ File: G Catedral_de_Toledo_girola_o 2.JP File-.Eleanor_cross,_Hardingstone_i.JPG 1.22—Assisi, church of Saint Francis, interior: Photo 2.8 Westminster, St. Stephens Chapel, interior ele¬ by Dennis Jarvis vation: Graphic by James Hillson https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ 2.9—Exeter Cathedral, nave interior: Photo by David Category :Upper_Basilica_in_Assisi_-_Interior#/ IlifF media/File:ooi_Upper_Basilica_in_Assisi.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Exeter_ 1.2.3—Florence, Santa Maria Novella, interior: Photo Cathedral_Nave,_Exeter,_UK_-_Diliff.jpg Hermoso Cuesta by Miguel 2..10 Westminster Abbey, cloister tracery: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ at left, from the tracery north range, to the mid¬ File: dating Interi0r_N0vella_04.JPG dle of the 13^ century, drawn by Ernest C. Shearman, 1.2.4—Venice, San Marco, west facade: Photo by from The Builder, 1885; G.Lanting at from the right, tracery east range, dating to the start https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ of the 14th century, drawn by F. Winton Newman, File:PI6392~ PG 2Basilica_di_San_Marco.J from tht Architectural Association Sketchbook, 1904. 1.25—Venice, San Marco, over north ogee tympanum 1.11 Cathedral, Ely Lady Chapel, nodding ogee portal of west facade: Photo by Ullah Gary arches: Photo by Evelyn Simak https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Basilica_ http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/216 85 3 5 San_Marco_(97393947i3).jpg 2.12 Ely Cathedral, octagon interior: Photo by 1.26—Arch diagram: Graphic by Robert Bork David Iliff
Late Gothic Architecture https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ 2.24—Barcelona, Santa Maria del Mar, interior: Catego ry: Lantern_of_Ely_Cathedral_(interior) # / Photo by Robert Bork media/File:Ely_Cathedral_Octagon_Lantern_3,_ 2.25—Freiburg im Breisgau, Minster and spire, exte¬ Cambridgeshire,_UK_-_Diliff.jpg rior: Photo by Pablo de la Riestra Saint 2.13—Bristol, Augustine, south aisle of chancel: 2.26—Liibeck, Saint Mary, exterior: Photo by Roland Photo by Kognos Meinecke https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Bristol_ https:/ / commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Cathedral_vault_of_S_aisle_of_chancel.jpg File:Luebeck-St_Marien_vom_Turm_von_St_ 2.14—Bristol, Saint Augustine, Berkeley Chapel, Petri_aus_gesehen-20100905.jpg vault ofvestibule: Photo by Fbanosyi 2.27—Marienburg, castle of the Teutonic Knights, http:// www.flickriver.com/photos/tags/ Knights' Hall: Photo by Nieszka berkeleychapel/interesting/ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Inside_ 2.15—Bristol, Saint Mary Redcliffe, hexagonal porch Malbork_Castle.JPG and Photo Charles Cuttler portal: by 2.28—Prenzlau, Saint Mary, east end: Photo by 2.16—Wells Cathedral, presbytery vault: Photo by Michael Sander David Iliff https:/ /commons, wikimedia.org/wiki/ https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Wells_ Category :Marienkirche_(Prenzlau)#/media/ Cathedral,_Somerset_(22653oo498).jpg File: Marienkirche_Prenzlaui.JP G 2.17—Wells Cathedral, scissor arches of crossing: 2.29—Wroclaw, Saint Mary on the Sand, aisle inte¬ Photo by David Iliff rior: Photo by Robert Bork https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wells_ Cathedral_Arches,_Somerset,_UK_-_DilifF.jpg 2.18—York Cathedral, "Heart of Yorkshire" west window: Photo by Nessy-Pic Chapter 3: The late 14th Century https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Heart_ of_Yorkshire,_York_Minster.JPG 3.1—Schwabish Gmiind, Holy Cross, choir exterior: 2.19—London, Saint Pauls Cathedral, chapter house, Photo by Gmiinder engraving by Wenceslas Hollar https:/ /commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ File: Munster- GD -Vorderansicht.J PG File:Wenceslas_Hollar_-_St_Paul%27s._Chapter_ 3.2—Prague Cathedral, plan after Der Veitsdom der House_( S tate_i) .jpg Jin Burian, auf Prnger Burg, fig. 2.20—Gloucester Abbey, tomb of Edward II: Photo XIX by Robert Bork 3.3—Prague Cathedral, south exterior: Photo by 2.21—Gloucester Abbey, interior of presbytery: Robert Bork Photo by Michael Beckwith 3.4—Prague Cathedral, choir interior: Photo by https:/ /commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Robert Bork File:Gloucester_Cathedral_Choir_(i26436o8483). 3.5—Prague Cathedral, bust of Peter Parler: Photo by Packare JPg 2.22—Avignon, Papal Palace, interior of great chapel: https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Busta_ Photo by Marianne Casamance Petr_Parler.jpg https ://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ 3.6—-Kolin, Saint Bartholomew, interior: Photo by Category: Grande_Chapelle?uselang=fr#/media/ Marc Schurr File:Avignon_-_palais_des_papes_-_Grande_cha- 3.7—Nuremberg, Saint Sebaldus, interior: Photo by pelle_i.jpg Robert Bork alt Schoner Brunnen: Photo by 2.23—Naples, San Lorenzo, nave interior: Photo 3.8—Nuremberg, by Luca Aless Kolossos https:/ /commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ https:/ /commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ File:Napoli_-_Basilica_di_San_Lorenzo_ File:Nuernberg-schoener-Brunnen-gp. Maggiore_interno.JPG jpg?uselang=it
List of Illustrations 467 , the Bold: Photo 3.9—Regensburg, Single- and Double-tower draw¬ 3.Z4—Dijon, tomb of Philip by Robert Bork ings, compared to Regensburg Cathedral facade: of of Pedro: modern redrawings 3.Z5—Seville, Alcazar, facade palace King 3.10—Gdansk, Saint Mary, exterior: Photo by Photo by Jebulon I-make-pictures https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Patio_ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ de_la_Monteria_Palace_Pedro_I_Alcazar_Seville_ File: Marienkirche_Gdansk.jpg Spain.jpg interior: Photo Foto Fitti 3.11—Krakow, Saint Mary, choir interior: Photo by 3.Z6—Palma Cathedral, by Robert Bork https:/ /commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Photo Pko Interior_of_Cathedral_of_Palma_de_ 3.1 z—Krakow, tomb of Casimir III: by Category: Mallorca#/media/File 0i_Palma,_ https: / /commons, wikimedia.org/wiki/ :La_Seu,_070 File: Krakow_nagrobek_Kazimierza_W.jpg Illes_Balears,_Spain_-_panoramio_(8z).jpg of Santa Maria, interior: 3.13—Gloucester Abbey, cloister vaults: Photo by 3.Z7—Batalha, Monastery Robert Bork Robert Bork Photo by 3.Z8—Venice, Doges Palace: Photo by Andrew Balet 3.14—Canterbury Cathedral, nave interior: Photo by David Iliff https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ https:/ /commons, wikimedia.org/wiki/ File:Photograph_of_of_the_Doges_Palace_in_ File: Canterbury_Cathedral_Nave_z,_Kent,_UK_-_ Venice.jpg 3.Z9—Florence Cathedral, successive plans Diliff.jpg ground 3.15—Oxford, New College Chapel: Photo by Olaf https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/com- mons/thumb/ 0/ Davis oo/SMDFplan3
Late Gothic Architecture 4.6—Paris, Tower ofJohn the Fearless, vault of stair https://c ommons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Photo Robert Bork turret: by Stephansdom#/media/File:Wien - Stephansdom 4.7—Rouen, Saint-Maclou, interior: Photo by WJPG Parsifall 4-2-0—Kosice, Saint Elizabeth, exterior: Photo by https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/FiIe:Rouen,_ Maros St-Maclou_o 5 .J P G https-.//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ 4.8—Nantes Cathedral, interior: Photo by Pymouss Category :Cathedral_of_St_Elizabeth,_Kosice#/ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: media/File :Dom_svatej_Alzbety_a_Kaplnka_sv._ Nantes_-_Cathedrale_Saint-Pierre_20i3o83i-o5. Michala,_Kosice,_Slovensko.jpg JPG 4.21—Hunyadi Castle: Photo by Robert Anitei 4.9—Tours Cathedral, west facade: Photo by Robert https://unsplash.com/photos/zR4mW8awAvk Bork 4.22—Brzeg, Saint Nicholas, interior: Photo by 4.10—Bourges, blouse of Jacques Coeur: Photo by Andrzej Otr^bski Remi Mathis https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Nicholas%27_ https:/ /commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Church,_Brzeg#/media/File:Brzeg_kosciol_sw_ File:General_view_Jacques_Coeur_Palace_from_ Mikolaj a_o 4.jpg Saint interior: Photo the_courtyard.JPG 4.23—Stargard, Mary, by Marcin Cuna 4.11—Jan van Eyck, the Madonna in a church (Berlin, Gemaldegalerie) https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Jan_ Category :Interior_of_Stargard_Cathedral#/media/ F ile: Stargard_kolegiata_ko lb o 47 5 .J P G van_Eyck_-_The_Madonna_in_the_Church_-_ 4.24—Sherborne Abbey, nave interior: Photo by Google_Art_Project.jpg MikeofDorset 4.12—Leuven, town hall: Photo by Filip Maljkovic https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ https: / / commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Leuven_ File:Sherborne_Abbey_List_ioo2383.jpg Town_Hall_( 11055930184).jpg 4.25—Cirencester, Church of Saint John the Baptist: 4.13—Leuven, Saint Peter, sacramental tabernacle: Photo by Travelerioo Photo by Achim Timmermann https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ 4.14—Brussels, town hall: Photo Robert Bork by File:Cirencester_StJohnBaptistChurch.jpg Cathedral, middle zone of north 4-iS—Strasbourg 4.26—Cambridge, Kings College Chapel, exterior: tower: Photo Robert Bork by Photo by Robert Bork 4.16—Frankfurt am Main, A for tower of Design 4.27—Batalha, Monastery of Santa Maria, west Saint Bartholomews Church: from Carl Fleiiograph facade and founders' chapel: Photo by Robert Bork Wolff: Der Kaiserdom in am Main. Eine Frankfurt 4.28—Barcelona Cathedral, drawing of west portal am Main: baugeschichtliche Darstellung. (Frankfurt by Master Carli, after 19th century copy (Monfort Jiigel, 1892) 1845) / /commons, de la https: wikimedia.org/wiki/ Photo by courtesy of ACB (Arxiu Capitular FiIe:Frankfurt_Am_Main-St_Bartholomaeus- Catedral de Barcelona) Der__Pfarrthurm-Entwurf_des_Meisters_Madern_ 4.29—Naples, Castel Nuovo, Sala dei Baroni, vault: Gertener-um_1415.jpg Photo by Lalupa 4-i7—Salzburg, Franciscan church, interior: Photo https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Napoli_ by Stefano Giustini Castel_Nuovo_sala_dei_baroni_volta_io 6 0669. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ JPG File:Franziskanerkirche_High_Altar_Salzburg.jpg 4.30—Toledo Cathedral, chapel of Saint James, for 4.18—Wasserburgam Inn, Saint James, vault: Photo, Alvaro de Luna: Photo by Paco Consuegra Matt Kavaler https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Catedral_ 4.19—Vienna, Stephansdom, exterior: Photo de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_de_Toledo#/media/ ©Bwag/Commons File:Catedrai_de_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_io.jpg
List of Illustrations 4-31—Burgos Cathedral, west facade and spires: https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Jean_ Photo by Robert Bork Fouquet_-_Heures_d%27Etienne_Chevalier,_ n°_20i_et_N°_202_-_Etienne_Chevalier_presente_ par_saint_Etienne_a_la_Vie..._-_Google_Art_ Project.jpg Chapter 5: The Late 15th Century https:/ /commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ File:Vierge_a_l%27 enfant_-_Heures_d% 27Etienne_ arch of Castel Nuovo: Photo 5.1—Naples, entry by Chevalier_-_Musee_Conde.jpg MM 5.11—Marseille, Chapel of Saint Lazare: Photo from https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Napoli Fritz Burger, Francesco Laurana, eine Studie zur ital- MaschioAngioinoIngresso.jpg ienischen Quattrocentoskulptur (1907), plate 31. 5.2—Rimini, Malatestiano: Photo Tempio by National Gallery of Art Library, Gift of the Andrew Michelei978rimini W. Mellon Foundation https://commons.wikimedia.Org/wiki/File:Tempio_ 5.12—Toul Cathedral, facade: Photo by Ad Meskens Malatestiano_Rimini.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Toul_ 5.3—Mantua, Sant'Andrea, west facade: Photo by Cathedral_o 3 .JP G Allie Caulfield 5.13—Metz Cathedral, Tour de Mutte: Photo by https://www.flickr.com/photos/wm_archiv/ Sergio Sanabria 4233749279 5.14—Metz Cathedral, choir and transept interior: interior: Photo 5.4—Pienza Cathedral, by Luca Aless Photo by MMensler https://it.wikipedia.0rg/wiki/Duomo_di_Pienza#/ https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Metz_ media/File:Pienza_-_Duomo_interno.jpg (20I2.08)_03.jpg a Caiano, Medici Villa: Photo 5.5—Poggio by 5.15—Notre-Dame de l'Epine, facade: Photo by Niccolo Rigacci Robert Bork https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Poggio_a_ 5.16—Amboise, view of chateau, from Jacques Caiano#/media/File: Villa_Medicea_di_Poggio.jpg Androuet du Cerceau, Les plus excellents bastiments 5.6—Venice, Scuola Grande di San Marco: Photo by de France Giovanni Dall'Orto https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Scuola_ File:SchlossAmboiseStichDuCerceau.png Grande_di_San_Marco#/media/File:Venezia_-_ 5-J7—Solesmes Abbey, Entombment of Christ: O sp e dale_-_Foto_G._D all % 27 O r to,_2_lug_2o o 6_- Photo by Joseph Malicot _03_retouched.jpg Department of Image Collections, National Gallery Francesco di in the 5.7—Fort designs by Giorgio, ofArt Library, Washington, DC Codex Folio Magliabechiana, s8r. $.18—s-Hertogenbosch, Saint John, south porch: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Photo by Ben Bender Category:Trattato_di_Architettura#/media/ https://c ommons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ File: Francesco_di_giorgio_martini,_trattato_di_ File: Centrum,_52i i_%27s-Hertogenbosch,_ architettura,_disegno_di_fortezza,_seconda_meta_ Netherlands_-_panoramio_(72).jpg XV_sec.,_cod_magliabechiano_II,_I._i4i,_f.58_r,_ 3.19 Mechelen, Church ofSaint Rombout, exterior: Firenze_BNCF.jpg Photo by Robert Bork 5.8—Centralized church Leonardo da designs by 5'10 Mechelen, Saint Rombouts tower, second in the Codex Folio Photo Vinci, Ashburnham, 93V: story: Photo by Robert Bork from Art Resource © RMN-Grand Palais 5.21 Altarpiece of Saint George, originally from of Certosa: Photo 5.9—Pavia, facade by Ugo Leuven, by Jan Borman: Photo ©RMAH, Brussels Franchini Brussels, Musees royaux d'Art et d'Histoire https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ 5-2-1 Strasbourg, Cathedral, spire: Photo by Robert File: Certosa_di_Pavia_-_facciata_-.jpg Bork
5.10—Jean Fouquet, bifolio of the patron the 5,z3 Ulm Plan adoring Minster, C: Photo courtesy ofStefan Virgin, from the Hours ofEtienne Chevalier Roller, Ulm Stadtmuseum
Late Gothic Architecture Saint Lorenz, interior of choir: 5.24—Nuremberg, 5-38—Prague Casde, vaults of Riders' Stair: Photo by Photo by Robert Bork Robert Bork Saint 5.25—Landshut, Martin, exterior: Photo bv 5.39—Wroclaw, city hall: Photo by Robert Bork Allie Caulfield 5-4°—Gdansk, Saint Maty, vaults: Photo bv Ludwig https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Schneider File-.Landshut_Kirche_St_Martin.jpg https: / / commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ 5.26—Munich, Frauenkirche, exterior: Photo by Category: Interior_of_the_Church_of_St._Marv_ Chris 73 in_Gdansk?uselang=de=/media/File:Gdansk_ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Kosciol_h Iariacki_io 8.jpg Wawel File:Frauenkirche_Miinchen_as_seen_from_St._ 5-41—Krakow, Cathedral, tomb canopv of Peter.jpg Casimir IV 5.27—Stralsund, Saint Mary, exterior showing profile http://muzea.malopolska.p1/en/obiekty/-/ of spire: Photo by BjoernEisbaer a/11437349/13942821 https://commons, wikimedia.org/wiki/ 5-41—Krakow, Collegium Maius, courtyard: Photo File:Marienkirche_(Stralsund).jpg by Allie Caulfield 5.28—Meissen, Albrechtsburg, staircase: Photo by https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Andras Fiilop File:Collegium_Maius_in_Krakow_oi.jpg https://www.flickr.com/photos/1012403160 5.43—Windsor Castle, Chapel of St. George, inte¬ No3/i35i6io5755/in/photoIist-9Uziqk-EQJKkK- rior: Photo by Jack Pease 9Zypvy-5e3amN-8q3U5X-mApgKw-mAnzm8- https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:St_ GCsMJh-Ag4BSW-zZErhQ.-bHMqXH-bFb7vZ- Georges_Chapel_Windsor_Castle.jpg zZEtg9-AhfqfH 5.44—Oxford, Divinity School, vault: Photo by 5.29—Uberlingen, Andreas Reichlin house: Photo Robert Bork by Ramessos 5.45—Canterbury Cathedral, Bell Harry tower: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Photo by Kristyna Karaskova File: ReichliriVbnMeldeggFIaus.jpg https:/ /commons, wikimedia.org/wiki/ 5.30—Steps in pinnacle design, from Matthaus File: Canterburycathedraltower.J P G Roriczer'sBiichlein von derFialen Gerechtigkeit 5.46—Richmond Palace, view by Anthonis van den 5-31—Visegrad Palace, courtyard and Hercules Wyngaerde Fountain: Photo by Mediatus https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ File:Wyngaerde_Richmond_i562.jpg File:KonigsschloB4_-_Matyas_Kiraly_Muzeum_ 5.47—Setubal, church of the Convent of Jesus, (Konig-Matthias-Museum),_Visegrad.jpg interior: Photo by Lufs Boleo http://mapio.net/ 5*32-—Buda Palace, as illustrated in thei493 World place/10585455/ Chronicle of Hartmann Schedel 5.48—Toledo, San Juan de los Reyes, interior: Photo https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BUDA_ by Selbymay Niirnbergi_kronika.jpg https:/ /commons, wikimedia.org/wiki/ 5-33—Tovacov Castle, portal: Photo by Lehotsky File:Toledo_-_Monasterio_de_San_Juan_de_los_ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zamek_ Reyes_06.jpg Tovacov,_renesancn%C3%AD_portal.JPG 5-49—Guadalajara, Palace of the Infantado, facade: Robert Bork 5.34—Prague Cathedral, oratory: Photo by Robert Photo by Bork 5.50—Guadalajara, Palace of the Infantado, court¬ 5-35—Prague Castle, Vladislav Hall, interior: Photo yard: Photo by Robert Bork by Robert Bork 5.51—Manzanares el Real, castle, exterior detail: 5-36—Prague Castle, Vladislav Hall, exterior: Photo Photo by Santiago Lopez Pastor by Robert Bork Flickr Photo 5-37—Prague Castle, portal from Vladislav Hall into 5.52—Segovia, Convent ofSanta Cruz, portal: Diet Hall: Photo by Robert Bork by Borjaanimal
List of Illustrations https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ 6.6—Troves Cathedral, west facade: Photo by Robert File:Portada_del_convento_de_Santa_Cruz_la_ Bork
Rcal_dc_Scgovia.jpg 6.7—Jsvreux Cathedral, north transept facade: Photo 5.53—Burgos Cathedral, exterior, v/ith Constables by Robert Bork
at left: Chapel Photo by Nicolas Vollmcr 6.8—Ten dome, La Trfnfte, west facade: Photo by https://comrnons.wikl media.org/v/i'ki'/ Manfred Heyde I:ilc:Cathedrale_Santa_Maria__(8z86972$i6).jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ 5.34—Burgos Cathedral, Constables Chapel, inte¬ FileVendomeoyjpg rior: Photo by Marcp_dmoz 6.9—Chartres Cathedral, north tower: Photo by https://www.flickr.com/photos/rnarcp_dmoz/ Robert Bork
4127803022 6.10—Rouen Cathedral, overall view from west: 5.55—Valladolid, San Gregorio, courtyard: Photo by Photo by DXR Jose Luis Filipo Cabana https:// commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ File:Rouen_CathedraI_as_seen_from_Gros_ File :Colegio_de_San_Gregorio_( Valladolid)._ Horloge_140213_4.jpg Patio.jpg 6.11—Rouen, drawing showing proposed design for 5.56—Valladolid, San Gregorio, facade: Photo by crossing spire: Photo courtesy of Sam Fogg Gallery Robert Bork 6.12—Rouen, Saint-Maclou, west facade: Photo 5.57—Valladolid, San Pablo, facade; Photo by Robert Robert Bork Bork 6.13—Louviers, Notre-Dame, south porch: Photo by 5.58—Valladolid, Santa Cruz, detail of facade: Photo Robert Bork by Robert Bork 6.14—Tours Cathedral, north tower: Photo by 5.39—Valladolid, Santa Cruz, facade: Photo by Robert Bork Robert Bork 6.13—Blois, chateau, Louis XII wing: Photo bv 5.60—Cogolludo, Palace of the Medinaceli: Photo Chatsam by Xauxa https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Category :Louis_XII_wing-/media/File:Louis_ File:Cogolludo_Pal_Duques_de_Medinacelli_ XII_wing_13.JPG front_view.jpg 6.16—Gaillon, entry block of chateau: Photo bv Robert Bork 6.17—Rouen, Palais de Justice, formerly Echiquier de Normandie: Photo by Robert Bork 6: Collision and 1500-1525 Chapter Hybridity 6.18—Rouen, Bureau de Finance: Photo bv Uwe Aranas San 6.1—Rome, Pietro in Montorio, Tempietto: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/FiIe:Rouen_ Photo by Sailko France_Place-de-la-cathedrale-o2.jpg ?uselang=de https: / /commons, wikimedia.org/wiki/ 6.19—Saint-Denis Abbey, tomb of Louis XII: Photo File:Tempietto_di_san_pietro_in_montorio.JPG by Robert Bork 6.1—Idealized cross section ofMilan Cathedral, from 6.20—Blois, chateau, stair turret of Francis I wing: Cesarianos edition of Vitruviuss DeArchitectura Photo by Robert Bork https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ 6.21—Blois, chateau, rear of Francis I wing: Photo bv FiIe:BeItrami_-_Per_Ia_Facciata_del_Duomo_di_ Robert Bork
Milan0-0020.jpg 6.22—Chambord, chateau, overall view: Photo bv 6.3—Sens Cathedral, south transept facade: Photo by Julien Cheramv Robert Bork https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ 6-4—Beauvais Cathedral, south transept facade: File: Chateau_Chamb0rd2.jpg Photo by Robert Bork 6-2.3 Antwerp, Our Lady, spire: Photo bvRobertBork 6.3—Beauvais, Saint Etienne, choir interior: Photo 6-24—Mechelen, Saint Rombout, belfry store: Robert Bork by Photo by Robert Bork
Late Gothic Architecture Saint Rombout, for tower 6.25—Mechelen, design 6.40—Albrecht Diirer, Christ among the Doctors recorded by Wenceslas Hollar https: / /commons, wikimedia.org/wiki/ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ File: Albrecht_Durer_-_Christ_among_the_ Category: Sint-Romboutskathedraal#/media/ Doctors_(NGA_i943.3.359o).jpg File:Wenceslas_Hollar_-_The_tower_at_Malines.jpg 6.41—Augsburg, church of Saint Anna, Fugger 6.26—Leuven, Saint Peter, model of planned fagade: Chapel: Photo by Zug55 Photo by Robert Bork https://www.flickr.com/photos/zug55/11769331785/ 6.27—Brou, church of Royal Monastery, apse inte¬ 6.42—Augsburg, model of design for Perlachturm: rior: Photo by Federico Moroni Photo by Robert Bork 6.28—Mechelen, Court of Savoy, courtyard: Photo 6.43—Regensburg, model of planned Schone Maria by Viktor Hauk church: Photo by Foto Marburg https://c0mm0ns.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:H0f_ 6.44—Ingolstadt, Frauenkirche, chapel vault: Photo van_Margareta.JP G by Robert Bork 6.29—Heverlee, Arenberg Palace: Photo byjuhanson 6.45—Heilbronn, Church of Saint Kilian, western https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Castle_ tower: Photo by Robert Bork Arenberg,_Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven_adj.jpg 6.46—Nuremberg, Saint Sebaldus, bronze canopy of 6.30—Mechelen, Hall of the Great Council, fagade: Sebaldusgrab: Photo by Robert Bork Photo by Tales of a Wanderer 6.47—Albrecht Diirer, frame ofLandauer Altarpiece: https://www.flickr.com/photos/erke86joc/ Photo by Robert Bork 7240075802 6.48—Chemnitz, Schlosskirche, portal: Photo by 6.31—Jan Gossaert, Neptune and Amphitrite (Berlin, Kolossos Gemaldegalerie) https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ https://c0mm0ns.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Jan_ File: Chemnitz-Schlosskir-Nordpor.jpg Gossaert_-_Neptune_and_Amphitrite_-_Google_ 6.49—Halle, Stiftskirche, exterior: Photo by Robert Art_Project.jpg Bork 6.32—Jan Gossaert, Danae (Munich, Alte 6.50—Esztergom, Bakocz chapel: Photo by Robert Pinakothek) Bork https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jan_ 6.51—Pest, Inner City parish church tabernacle: G0ssaert_003.jpg Photo by Desidor 6.33—Antwerp, Willem Heda's house: Photo by Til https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Vereenooghe File:Renaissance_tabernacle_with_crest_of_Pest_ https:/ /www. flickr.com/photos/ erfgoed/ city_i5°7,_King_St_Ladislaus_relic_in_the_Inner_ 5297604643 City_Parish_Church,_2011_Budapest_1010.jpg 6.34—Liege, Bishops' Palace: Photo by Promeneusey 6.52—Prague Castle, Louis Wing: Photo by Robert https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: LIEGE_ Bork Palais_des_Princes_Eveques_(2).jpg 6.53—Kutna Hora, Church of Saint Barbara, inte¬ 6.35—Bruges, Vrije, chimneypiece of Charles V: rior: Photo by Robert Bork Photo by Robert Bork 6.54—Kutna Hora, Church of Saint Barbara, exte¬ Photo Robert Bork 6.36—Strasbourg Cathedral, north transept portal of rior: by David Saint Lawrence: Photo by Robert Bork 6.55—Vilnius, Church ofSaint Anne:Photo by 6.37—Augsburg, Church of Saints Ulrich and Afra, Iliff Simpertus arch: Photo by Robert Bork https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:St._ 6.38—Salzburg, Nonnberg Abbey Church, vault Anne%27S_Church_Exterior_3,_Vilnius,_ springers: Photo by Matt Kavaler Lithuania_-_Diliff.jpg tomb of 6.39—Konigswiesen, Parish Church, vaults: Photo 6.56—Krakow, Wawel Cathedral, Jan Krakow Wawel by Stefan Olbracht: Photo by courtesy of Center https: / / commons.wikimedia.org/ Cathedral and Information Wawel Palace, Photo by wiki/File :Pfarrkirche_Koenigswiesen_ 6.57—Krakow, courtyard: Robert Bork Schlingrippengewo elb e_3 .jpg
List of Illustrations 6.58—Krakow, Wawel Cathedral, Sigismund Chapel, 6.75—Salamanca Cathedral, west fiu^ade: Photo by exterior: Photo by Robert Bork Robert Bork 6.59—Krakow, Wawel Cathedral, Sigismund 6.76—Oviedo Cathedral, west facade: Photo by Chapel, interior: Photo by Dennis Jarvis Robert Bork https://www.flickr.com/photos/ 6.77—Murcia Cathedral, Velez Chapel, interior: archerio/32080184076/in/album- Photo by Robert Bork 72157661327778290/ 6.78—Calahorra Castle, exterior: Photo by Robert 6.60—Krakow, Wawel Cathedral, tomb of Vladislav Bork II Jagiello: Photo by Dennis Jarvis 6.79—Calahorra Castle, courtyard: Photo by Robert https://www.flickr.com/photos/ Bork archerio/32118970745/in/album- 6.80—Toledo Cathedral, tomb ofCardinal Mendoza: 72157661327778290/ Photo by Miguel Hermoso Cuesta 6.61—Krakow, Wawel Palace, portal: Photo by https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Robert Bork File:Mendoza_Toledo_oi.JPG 6.62—Wroclaw Cathedral, portal of sacristy: Photo 6.81—Burgos Cathedral, Escalera Dorada (Golden by Robert Bork Staircase): Photo by Zarateman 6.63—Westminster, Henry VII Chapel, interior: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Photo by Herry Lawford File:Burgos_-_Catedral_046_-_Escalera_Dorada. https://www.flickr.com/photos/herry/5334767433/ JPg in/album-72157625773847826/ 6.82—Santiago de Compostela, Royal Hospital, 6.64—Cambridge, Kings College Chapel, interior: main portal: Photo by Zarateman photo by Rama https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Kings_ Category: Host al_of_the_Rey es_Catoli cos,_ College_Chapel-IMG_3 9 3 8.jpg Santiago_de_Compostela,_main_portal#/media/ 6.65—Westminster, tomb of Henry VII: Photo from File:Santiago_de_Compostela_-_Hospital_de_los_ HIP/Art Resource RRCC_4.jpg 6.66—Field ofthe Cloth ofGold, as recorded in paint¬ 6.83—Segovia Cathedral, exterior: Photo by Robert ing from 1545 (Royal Collection, Hampton Court) Bork https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:The_ 6.84—Segovia Cathedral, interior: Photo by Robert Field_of_the_Cloth_of_Gold.jpg Bork 6.67—Belem, Jeronimos Monastery, exterior: Photo 6.85—Granada Cathedral, interior: Photo by Javi by Robert Bork Guerra Hernando 6.68—Batalha, Monastery of Santa Maria, portal of https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Unfinished Chapels: Photo by Schwarze engel File: Granada-Catedral_de_la_Encarnacion-i4- https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Nave_mayor.JPG File:Mosteiro_da_Batalha_portal_manuelino.jpg 6.86—Granada, Alhambra, Palace of Charles V: 6.69—Batalha, Monastery of Santa Maria, interior of Photo by Ra-smit Unfinished Chapels: Photo by Robert Bork https: / / commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Patio_ 6.70—Tomar, church of the Knights of Christ: Photo Paleis_Karel_V.jpg by Marcio https://c0mm0ns.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Castel0_ dos_Templarios_-_Tomar_(10638122533).jpg 7: and 6.71—Belem, Tower: Photo by Robert Bork Chapter Purge, Extinction, Appropriation 6.72—Belem, church of Jeronimos Monastery, nave 7.1—Vatican wooden model Antonio interior: Photo by Robert Bork City, showing da Sangallos design for Saint Peters: Photo by 6.73—Belem, church of Jeronimos Monastery, tran¬ Antonio Labacco sept vaults: Photo by Robert Bork 6.74—Belem, Jeronomite Monastery, cloister: Photo https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ File: by Robert Bork Antonio_Labacco_Modello_S_Pietro.jpg
Late Gothic Architecture j.z—Caen, Saint-Pierre, apse exterior: Photo by 7.18—Liege, Saint-Jacques, north porch: Photo by Parsifall Matt Kavaler https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Caen,_ 7.19—Antwerp, city hall: Photo by Michielverbeek Eglise_Saint-Pierre,_Chevet_oi.jpg https:/ / commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ 7.3—Paris, Saint-Eustache, interior: Photo by Robert File:Antwerpen,_stadhuis_fotoi_20ii-io-i6_n.28. Bork JPG 7.4—Paris, Saint-Etienne-du-Mont, crossing and 7.20—Hans Vredeman de Vries, gabled arch choir screen: Photo by Robert Bork compositions 7.$—Evreux Cathedral, west fi^ade: Photo by Robert https:/ /commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Bork File: Fotothek_df_tg_o o o 6 o 6 9_Architektur_% 5E_ 7.6—Fontainebleau, chateau, Gallery of Francis I: Gesims_%5E_Dreiecksgiebel_%5E_Volute_%5E_ Photo by Neil Rickards Triglyphe_%5E_Obelisk_%$E_Ornament.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Fontain 7.21—Halle, Market Church of the Virgin Mary, ebleauGalerieFrancoisI.jpg vault: Photo by Robert Bork 7.7—Paris, Louvre, Cour Carree: Photo by Robert 7.22—Torgau, Hartenfels Castle, main stair turret: Bork Photo by Robert Bork 7.8—Paris, Fountain of Innocents: Photo by Robert 7.23—Torgau, Hartenfels Castle, chapel interior: Bork Photo by Robert Bork 7.9—Design for trumpet squinch at chateau of Anet, 7.24—Augustusburg Castle, chapel interior: Photo by Philibert de l'Orme by Stephan Hoppe Bibliotheque nationale de France, Fig. p. 89, Cote V, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Microfilm R 122 168 File:Augustusburg_bei_Chemnitz_Hoppe20o8_i4. http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/i2i48/btvib2.iooo75t/f43. jPg item 7.25—Halle, Market Church of the Virgin, exterior: 7.10—Le Grand Andely, Collegiate Church ofNotre- Photo by Robert Bork Dame, north transept: Photo by Robert Bork 7.26—Celle, town hall: Photo by Hajotthu 7.11—Montargis, Parish Church of Sainte Madeleine, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ east end: Photo by Robert Bork File: CelleRathaus.jpg 7.12—Bruges, Nieuwe Griffie, facade: Photo by 7.27—Cologne, city hall, porch : Photo by Robert Bork VollwertBIT 7.13—Breda Palace, original interior courtyard eleva¬ https .'//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ tion as envisioned by C. W. C. van Wezel and R. File:Rathaus_Eingang_Koeln2007.jpg Saint Catherine Royaards ten Holt 7.28—Strasbourg Cathedral, Chapel, Photo Robert Bork Image courtesy of "Collection Royal Military interior: by Academy, Breda" 7.29—Heidelberg Castle, Ottoheinrichsbau: Photo 7.14—IJsselstein, Old Nicolaaskerk, tower: Photo by by Anaconda74
Thomas van der Dunk, https: //commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Schloss_ courtesy of Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed Heidelberg_Ottheinrichsbau.JPG 7.15—Jiilich, palace facade: Photo by LoKiLeCh 7.30—Landshut, Residence Palace, Italian building: https: / /commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Schloss_ Photo by H.Helmlechner Julichi.jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ from File: 7.16—Binche, palace interior, anonymous view Landshut_Stadtresidenz_Innenhof_02.jpg Belvedere: Photo Robert Bork 1549 7 5I—Prague by https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kasteel_ 7.32—Innsbruck, Hofkirche, interior: Photo by van_Binche.JPG Daderot 7-17—Antwerp, triumphal arch from Grand Entry of https:/ /commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Philip II, after Pieter Coecke van Aelst. File:Innsbruck_i_305.jpg loft: Photo Robert Photo by Courtesy ofNational Gallery ofArt Library, 7^3—Prague Cathedral, organ by David K. E. Bruce Fund Bork
List of Illustrations of the Maidens: 7.34—Prague Castle, ball court: Photo by Robert 7.52.—Seville, Alcazar, Courtyard Bork Photo by Robert Bork vaults: Photo 7.3$—Wroclaw, Saint Elizabeth, west tower: Photo by 7.53—Plasencia Cathedral, sanctuary Robert Bork by Robert Bork Photo 7.36—Brzeg, palace gateway: Photo by Scotch Mist 7.54—Escorial complex, main facade: by https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Brzeg_ Robert Bork Castle_02.jpg 7.55—Whitehall portrait by Hans Holbein, as copied 7.37—Munich, Saint Michael, nave interior: Photo by Remigius van Leemput by Nheyob https ://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ https://c0mm0ns.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Saint_ File:Remigius_van_Leemput_-_Whitehall_Mural. Michael%z7S_Church_(Munich,_Bavaria)_-_nave. jpg#/media/File:Remigius_van_Leemput_-_ JPG Henry_VII,_Elizabeth_of_York,_Henry_VIII,_ 7.38—Krakow, Wawel Palace, main portal into court¬ and_Jane_Seymour_-_WGA12627.jpg yard: Photo by Robert Bork 7.56—Nonsuch Palace, detail of 1598 engraving after a 7.39—Poznan, city hall, exterior: Photo by 1581 drawing byjoris Hoefnagel adamchemik https: / /commons, wikimedia.org/wiki/ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ File-.Nonsuch_Palace_by_Joris_Hoefnagel.jpg File: Ratusz2007.jpg 7.57—Somerset House, Strand facade as drawn by 7.40—Batalha, Monastery of Santa Maria, loggia of John Thorpe unfinished chapels: Photo by Robert Bork © Sir John Soane>s Museum, London. Photo: Ardon 7.41—Tomar, Our Lady of the Conception: Photo by Bar-Hama. Joao Carvalho 7.58—Burghley House, exterior: Photo by Anthony https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Tomar_ Masi Ermida_de_Nossa_Senhora_da_Concei9ao_oz83. https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Front_ IPS 0f_Burghley_H0use_2009.jpg of of 7.42.—Tomar, Monastery Knights Christ, 7.59—Longleat House, exterior: Photo by Tim Cloister ofJoao III: Photo by Robert Bork Firkins 7.43—Belem, Jeronimos Monastery, apse interior: https ://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Photo Robert Bork by File: Longleat_House_Fountains.jpg 7.44—Plasencia Cathedral, north Photo facade: by 7.60—London, Whitehall Banqueting Hall, exte¬ Robert Bork rior: Photo by Steve Cadman San Estaban, west Photo 7.45—Salamanca, facade: by https: / / www.flickr.com/photos/ Robert Bork stevecadman/371206304 7.46—Salamanca, College of the Zebedees, portal by Diego: Photo by Robert Bork 7.47—Alcala de Henares, College of San Ildefonso, facade: Photo by Robert Bork Epilog: The Legacy of Late Gothic Architecture 7.48—Santiago de Compostela, Royal Hospital, courtyard: Photo by Robert Bork 8.1—Cologne, Sankt Maria Himmelfahrt, interior: 7.49—Leon, San Marcos, facade: Photo by Robert Photo by Robert Bork Bork 8.2—Orleans Cathedral, west facade: Photo by Goug 7.50—Toledo, Alcazar, facade: Photo by 3Felix https:/ /commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ https:// commons, wikimedia.org/wiki/ File :Cathedrale_d%27 Orleans.jpg File: Fachada_de_Covarrubias..jpg 8.3—Oxford, Christ Church, fan vault of stair tower: 7.51—Seville Cathedral, Main Sacristy, interior: Photo by Robert Bork Photo by Jose Luiz Bernardes Ribeiro 8.4—Westminster, Houses of Parliament: Photo by https-.//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ MaitKA rnMMeAb<|>ap6 (Mike Gimelfarb) File:Sacrist%C3%ADa_Mayor_-_Cathedral_of_ https -.//commons, wikimedia.org/wiki/ Seville_(z).JPG File.-Parliament_at_Sunset.JPG
Late Gothic Architecture Minster, west tower: Photo 8.5—Ulm by Martin J5—Nuremberg, Saint Lorenz, interior of choir: Kraft Photo by Robert Bork https://commons.wikimedia.Org/wiki/File:Ulmer_ 16a—Prague Castle, Vladislav Hall, interior: Photo Miinster-Westfassade.jpg by Robert Bork 8.6—Brussels, Broodhuis Photo facade: by Myrabella 16b—Prague Castle, Vladislav Hall, exterior: Photo https:// commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ by Robert Bork File:Broodhuis_Bruxelles.jpg i7a—Toledo, San Juan de los Reyes, interior: Photo by Selbymay https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ Plates File:Toledo_-_Monasterio_de_San_Juan_de_los_ Reyes_06.jpg 17b—Valladolid, Santa Cruz, Photo 1—Strasbourg Cathedral, spire: Photo by Robert fagade: by Robert Bork Bork 18—Beauvais Cathedral, south transept fagade: 2a—Meissen, Albrechtsburg Palace, interior of great Photo Robert Bork hall: Photo by Robert Bork by 19—Louviers, Notre-Dame, south Photo zb—Salamanca Cathedral, interior: Photo by Robert porch: by Robert Bork Bork 20a—Rouen, Palais de Justice, de 3—Saint-Denis Abbey, interior of nave: Photo by formerly Echiquier Robert Bork Normandie: Photo by Robert Bork 20b—Blois, chateau, stair turret of Francis I 4—Ely Cathedral, octagon interior: Photo by David wing: IlifF Photo by Robert Bork https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ 21a—Antwerp, Our Lady, spire: Photo by Robert Bork Category:Lantern_of_Ely_Cathedral_(interior)#/ media/File:Ely_Cathedral_Octagon_Lantern_3,_ 21b—Heilbronn, Church of Saint Kilian, western Cambridgeshire,_UK_-_Diliff.jpg tower: Photo by Robert Bork Saint Sebaldus, bronze of 3—Freiburg im Breisgau, Minster and spire, exterior: 22—Nuremberg, canopy Photo Bork Photo by Pablo de la Riestra Sebaldusgrab: by Robert Bakocz Photo Robert Bork 6—Prague Cathedral, choir interior: Photo by 23—Esztergom, chapel: by Robert Bork 14a—Kutna Hora, Church of Saint Barbara, inte¬ rior: Photo Robert Bork 7—Krakow, Saint Mary, choir interior: Photo by by Robert Bork 24b—Kutna Hora, Church of Saint Barbara, exte¬ 8—Gloucester Abbey, cloister vaults: Photo by rior: Photo by Robert Bork Robert Bork 25a—Krakow, Wawel Palace, courtyard: Photo by 9a—Florence, Foundling Hospital exterior: Photo by Robert Bork Robert Bork 25b—Westminster, Henry VII Chapel, interior: 9b—Cambridge, King's College Chapel, exterior: Photo by Herry Lawford Photo by Robert Bork https://www.flickr.com/photos/herry/5334767433/ 10—Tours Cathedral, west facade: Photo by Robert in/album-72157625773847826/ Bork 26—Belem, church of Jeronimos Monastery, nave interior: Photo Robert Bork n—Brussels, town hall: Photo by Robert Bork by Castle, exterior: Photo Robert 12—Burgos Cathedral, west fagade and spires: Photo 27a—Calahorra by by Robert Bork Bork Castle, Photo Robert 13—Metz Cathedral, choir and transept interior: 27b—Calahorra courtyard: by Photo by MMensler Bork https://commons.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Metz_ 28a—Paris, Saint-Eustache, interior: Photo by Robert (2on.o8)_03.jpg Bork 14—Mechelen, Church of Saint Rombout, exterior: 28b—Antwerp, city hall: Photo by Michielverbeek Photo by Robert Bork https:/ /commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
List of Illustrations File:Antwerpen,_stadhuis_fotoi_20ii-io-i6_n.28. 31a—Salamanca, San Estaban, west facade: Photo by JPG Robert Bork 29—Torgau, Hartenfels Castle, main stair turret: 31b—Escorial complex, main facade: Photo by Photo by Robert Bork Robert Bork 30a—Prague Belvedere: Photo by Robert Bork 32—Ulm Minster, west tower: Photo by Martin Kraft 30b—Tomar, Monastery of Knights of Christ, https://c0mm0ns.wikimedia.0rg/wiki/File:Ulmer_ Cloister ofjoao III: Photo by Robert Bork Miinster-Westfassade.jpg
Late Gothic Architecture