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VOL XLIV NO. : 04 Pg. : 377-532 APRIL 2014 100/- (Single Copy) Company Secretaries of India Website : www.icsi.edu Regn. No. 21778/71 Delhi Postal Regn. No. DL(S)-17/3197/2012-2014 Posting Date : 03/04-04-2014 Licenced to post without prepayment at Lodi Road P.O. Date of Publication : 01-04-2014 Licence No. U-(C)-80/2012-2014 04 Vol. : XLIV No. 04 Pg 377-532 April - 2014 VOL XLIV NO. : 04 Pg. : 377-532 APRIL 2014 100/- (Single Copy) APRIL 2014 383 448 (LW 34-42) CHARTERED SECRET CHARTERED (GN 53-64) ARY 457 469 04 Company Secretaries of India Website : www.icsi.edu 532 Articles (A 149-209) Essential Rules of Statutory Interpretation that every Company Secretary ought to know 386 Contravention, Adjudication and Penalties under FEMA: An Analysis 393 Transfer of Legal Proceedings to National Company Law Tribunal 400 Registration of Equitable Mortgage 404 Is India Inc. in Need of Independent Whistle Blowers? 409 Risk Management: Issues and Challenges 418 Direct Investment by Residents in Joint Venture (JV) / Wholly Owned Subsidiary (WOS) Abroad 426 Composition of Board of Indian Companies and its effect on Corporate Governance 432 Business Risk Management: Role of Professionals 438 Anti Competitive Agreement 443 Chairman S Balasubramanian Members (in alphabetical order) Anil Rastogi C.K.G. Nair (Dr.) G. P. Agarwal Ilam Kamboj Kapil Taneja Karan J S Jasuja Mahesh Shah Pradeep K. Mittal Preeti Malhotra (Ms.) R. Ravi S. K. Agrawala S. K. Dixit (Dr.) S. Srinivasan Sudheendra Putty Editor & Publisher M. S. Sahoo Consulting Editor V. Gopalan Legal Correspondent T. K. A. Padmanabhan 377 April 2014 ICSI_310314_4.indd 377 3/31/2014 7:22:08 PM ICSI IMAGES 01 02 03 04 05 06 01 >> SIRC – Coimbatore Chapter –16th Residential Programme - R Sridharan 02 >> SIRC – Calicut Chapter –10th Residential Programme on The Companies addressing. Others sitting from left:R Dhanasekaran, Chief Guest K Act, 2013 – R Sridharan addressing. Others sitting on the dais from Left: Krishnakumar (Chairman, Sree Saradhambal Automobiles (P) Ltd. A M Ashique, Dr. Baiju Ramachandran and Sheeba Nair. (groups)) and S Venkatesh. 04 >> SIRC - Mysore Chapter – Two day Seminar – Inauguration – R 03 >> WIRC – Ahmedabad Chapter - Two days Residential Seminar on Value Sridharan lighting the lamp to mark the inauguration. Others standing Creation through Governance - Sitting on the dais from Left: Rajesh from Left: Chief Guest Srikantha (MD, Mysore Polymers Ltd.), Dr. Baiju Tarpara, M S Sahoo, R Sridharan and Umesh Ved. Ramachandran, Ragavendra and Ajay B Madaiah. 05 >> President’s Meeting with Chairmen under SIRC – On the dais from Left: 06 >> President’s Meeting with Chairmen under WIRC - On the dais from Left: M S Sahoo, Vikas Y Khare, R Sridharan, Sudhir Babu C and Sutanu Ragini Chokshi, R Sridharan and Vikas Y Khare. Sinha. 378 April 2014 ICSI_310314_4.indd 378 3/31/2014 7:22:14 PM ICSI IMAGES 07 08 09 10 11 12 07 >> EIRC – President’s Meeting - R Sridharan addressing. Others sitting 08 >> SIRC – Madurai Chapter – First Students’ Conference on Transformation of on the dais from Left: Arun Kumar Khandelia,Ashok K Pareek, Vikas Y Company Secretaries to Governance Professionals –Release of Souvenir Khare, Anil Murarka and Sutanu Sinha. - On the dais from left: Paramasivan S, R Sridharan, Kumararajan S, Bapulal R K and Rajavel P. 09 >> EIRC – NE Chapter – Study Circle Meeting on Merger, Amalgamation,Operation, Mismanagement and class Action Suit under 10 >> NIRC – Chandigarh Chapter – President’s Meeting – Group photo of the Companies Act, 2013 - On the dais from Left: Neha Qureshi, Sunita President and Vice President with Managing Committee Members and Mohanty, Alka Kapoor, Vikas Y Khare, R Sridharan, Pankaj Jain, Arun Officials of the Chapter. Khandelia and Anjan Kumar Roy. 12 >> First Meeting of the reconstituted Secretarial Standards Board-2014 11 >> WIRC – Indore Chapter – Programme titled ` Master Class on the - Chaired by Pavan Kumar Vijay. Others sitting from Left: Companies Act, 2013’ - Ritesh Gupta addressing. Others sitting on Anil Murarka, Sanjay Grover, Dr. Sanjeevan Bajaj (Nominee- the dais from Left: Ashish Garodia, Ashish Garg, Dr. K R Chandratre, FICCI), Jagannadha Rao C V, Suresh Krishnan, Dr. Sanjiv Agarwal, V Makarand Lele, Amit Jain and Priti Kumath. Ahalada Rao, Gopal Chalam, Narayan Shankar, Lalit Jain, Subhasis Mitra, Milind Kasodekar, S C Vasudeva and Priya P Iyer. 379 April 2014 ICSI_310314_4.indd 379 3/31/2014 7:22:17 PM ICSI IMAGES 13 14 15 16 17 18 1619 20 13 >> Meeting of ICSI Delegation with Chitra Ramakrishna, MD & CEO, NSE 14 >> Meeting of ICSI Delegation with Ashishkumar Chauhan, MD & CEO, BSE Ltd. Ltd. 15 >> Meeting of ICSI Delegation with U.K. Sinha, Chairman, SEBI. 16 >> Meeting of ICSI Delegation with Prashant Saran, Whole Time Member, SEBI. 17 >> Meeting of ICSI Delegation with Manoj Vaish, MD, MCX. 18 >> Meeting of President and Officials of ICSI with Sandip Ghose, Director, 19 >> Meeting of ICSI Delegation with Gagan Rai, MD, NSDL – e Governance NISM. Infrastructure Ltd. 20 >> Group photo of ICSI Delegation with S.K. Roy, Chairman, LIC. 380 [A-44] April 2014 ICSI_010414.indd 380 4/1/2014 8:32:47 PM At a Glance bringing into force sub-section (1) of Section 465 of the Companies Act, Articles [A 149-209] P-386 2013, several provisions of the Act have been brought into force. Already Government of India has advertised for recruiting judicial and technical Essential Rules of Statutory Interpretation that members for the National Company Law Tribunal, [NCLT] which is going every Company Secretary ought to know P-386 to be constituted very soon. The NCLT will exercise most of the powers that are presently exercised by the Company Law Board and the Board Dr K R Chandratre of Industrial and Financial Reconstruction. NCLT would also exercise the Company secretaries (those who are in employment and who are in practice powers of high courts with respect to schemes of arrangements, mergers, as well) are often called upon to advise the company managements and demergers, and winding up of companies. In essence NCLT is going to invariably on each such occasion the company secretary is required to be a powerful tribunal. There will be substantial and dimensional change interpret a provision in a statute or rules, regulations. It is, therefore, not in the legal scenario with respect of company law matters. Therefore it is only desirable but rather essential that company secretaries possess sound essential to note the powers that are going to be transferred to NCLT and knowledge of principles of interpretation of statutes as developed by the the Appellate Tribunal and also the transitional provisions relating thereto. courts. Ample case is available on this subject and here is an attempt to capsulate some of the key rules of statutory interpretation that every Registration of Equitable Mortgage company secretary ought to know as it is my conviction that a company P-404 secretary who has a strong acumen and skill in this area can provide a G.M.Ramamurthy highly competent and competitive service to the company.One of the During the last decade of the last century some of the State Governments principal rules of statutory interpretation is ‘the literal rule ‘, i.e. words that started levying stamp duty on the memorandum of entry recorded are reasonably capable of only one meaning must be given that meaning evidencing the creation of equitable mortgage. In recent years some of whatever the result. A long ago an English Judge had said: “If the words the State Governments also stipulated compulsory registration of equitable of the statute are in themselves precise and unambiguous, then no more mortgage. Supreme Court in State of Haryana and others versus Navir can be necessary than to expound those words in their natural and ordinary Singh and another decided on 7-10-2013 that document merely recording sense. The words themselves do alone in such cases best declare the a transaction which is already concluded and which does not create any intent of the lawgiver.The Supreme Court has always been reiterating that rights and liabilities does not require registration. However, when the if the intendment is not in the words used it is nowhere else and so long as borrower and the creditor choose to reduce the contract in writing and there is no ambiguity in the statutory language resort to any interpretative if such a document is the sole evidence of the terms between them, the process to unfold the legislative intent becomes impermissible and the need document shall form integral part of the transaction and would require for interpretation arises only when the words in the statute are on their own registration under the Indian Registration Act, 1908. This article analyses terms ambivalent and do not manifest the intention of the legislature.As a the judgement in the light of legislations touching the equitable mortgage. corollary of the above principle, The intention of the Legislature is primarily Is India Inc. in Need of Independent to be gathered from the language used, which means that the attention P-409 should be paid to what has been said as also what has not been said. As Whistle Blowers? a consequence a construction which requires for its support addition or substitution of words or which results in rejection of words as meaningless Sanjay Lalit has to be avoided. This rule like all other rules is subject to exceptions. Despite the existence of relatively strong compliance structure, sound legal framework and policies, presence of full time promoters compensated Legal Heads, CFOs & CSs, India Inc. has faced continuous scams whether Contravention, Adjudication and Penalties P-393 under FEMA: An Analysis in the Corporate World or Stock Market like Satyam or most recent NSEL or Sahara scams, which indicates the deficiency & malpractices D.K.