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Noctuidae De La Campiña De Arequipa-Peru

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Noctuidae De La Campiña De Arequipa-Peru UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN AGUSTÍN DE AREQUIPA FACULTAD DE AGRONOMÍA ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE AGRONOMÍA ESPECIES DE LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE DE LA CAMPIÑA DE AREQUIPA-PERU TESIS PRESENTADA POR EL BACHILLER: JULIO MIGUEL ZAPATA CUELA PARA OPTAR EL TÍTULO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERO AGRÓNOMO AREQUIPA - PERÚ 2019 DEDICATORIA A Dios quien ha sido mi guía y fortaleza, por haberme permitido llegar hasta este punto y cuidar de mí para lograr mis objetivos, además de su infinita bondad y amor. A mi madre Yaneth.V.C.V. Por haberme apoyado en todo momento, por sus consejos, sus valores, por la motivación constante que me ha permitido ser una persona de bien, más que nada por su amor, paciencia y esfuerzo. No hay amor como el que yo siento por ti Mamá, aunque a veces no te lo demuestre, aunque a veces no te lo diga. Te quiero mucho Mamá, te quiero todo lo que puedo quererte y mucho más. A mi padre Benigno.Z.M. Quien siempre se ha esforzado para hacerme la persona que soy y de quien heredé la constancia para lograr mis ideales. Padre te admiro, te valoro y te respeto, eres el hombre más importante de mi vida. Gracias Padre por apoyarme cuando no podía seguir, por levantarme cuando caía, por darme las fuerzas para triunfar en la vida. Te quiero mucho. A mi princesa Lucero. L.Z.C. Eres lo más preciado que tengo en mi vida y te amo como a nadie en este mundo. Eres esa luz que siempre está encendida dentro de mí e iluminas mi vida. Te considero el tesoro más valioso de mi vida, porque tú eres la gran razón de mi existir. A mis Familiares y Amigos quienes de una u otra forma han contribuido y participado para alcanzar la meta trazada, ya que con su ayuda esto se hizo más fácil gracias a todos, por apoyarme cuando más las necesito, por extender su mano en momentos difíciles y por el amor brindado cada día, de verdad mil gracias, siempre los llevo en mi corazón. iii AGRADECIMIENTO A mi asesora amiga y maestra, por los invaluables consejos, por el tiempo brindado, Ing. Rosmery Bedregal Durand, que fue la persona que me ayudó en todo momento y guió constantemente en todos los aspectos, agradezco la plena confianza demostrada, así como la dedicación y la atención a mis consultas realizadas, mi agradecimiento infinito por su amor al conocimiento. Así mismo mi agradecimiento muy especial al Ing. Luis Cuadros, por su apoyo en la revisión del trabajo y a la vez a los docentes de la Facultad de Agronomía de la Universidad nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Ing. Jose Flores, Ing. Howard Pinto, Ing. Juan Tamo, Ing. Rene Quispe, Ing. Alberto Anculle, Ing. Giovanna, Rodrigo y Ing. Gloria Casa, por sus apoyo moral y amistad sincera, quienes también demostraron ser a mi lado mis consejeros y grandes ejemplo a seguir. Al Blgo. Javier Huanca, por el apoyo de la información brindad, la cual fue vital para mi avance de la manera más correcta. Gracias a todos mis Compañeros y Amigos que hice a lo largo de mi vida universitaria, gracias a todos por su linda amistad y su apoyo incondicional. A mi alma mater la Universidad nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, A la facultad de Agronomía, a sus autoridades, sus docentes y personal administrativo, quienes con sus conocimientos han guiado mi formación académica y profesional. A los Agricultores de cada campo visitado, por la confianza depositada en mi persona. También a todas aquellas personas que de una u otra forma contribuyeron a la elaboración de este trabajo de investigación. ¡MUCHAS GRACIAS! iv RESUMEN El presente trabajo pone al día el conocimiento de los Lepidópteros Noctuidos de la Campiña de Arequipa, como resultados de una ingente labor efectuada en la temporada de invierno y primavera, correspondiente alos meses de julio - diciembre del 2018. Durante el desarrollo del trabajo experimental se realizo la captura de adultos de noctuidos por medio del uso de trampas de luz y capturas con la malla entomológica, permitiendo conocer la posterior identificación del adulto capturado, por medio de métodos de identificación de un lepidóptero propuesto por Lamas (2001). Se llegando a capturar un total de 1025 especímenes. Teniendo como resultado la identificación de 14 especíes y 22 a nivel de familia. La especie más abundante según los resultados, fue Agrotis ipsilon, dando como resultado un total de 71 especímenes capturados. La especie menos abundante debido a la poca presencia de especímenes estudiados, fue Noctuidae sp 20 con tan solo 6 especímenes capturados en seis meses. La zona de mayor abuncancia de especímenes es el distrito de Characato con 212 y las zonas de menor abuncancia de especímenes es el distrito de José Luis Bustamante y Rivero con 0 especímenes. Se presenta un listado de las especies identificadas y posteriormente se realiza la descripción de las especies identificadas. Palabras claves: Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Identificación, Morfología y Genitalia. v ABSTRACT The present work updates the knowledge of the Noctid Lepidoptera of the Arequipa Countryside, as a result of an enormous work carried out in the winter and spring season, corresponding to the months of July - December 2018. During the development of the experimental work the capture of adults of noctuids was carried out through the use of light traps and captures with the entomological mesh, allowing to know the subsequent identification of the captured adult, by means of identification methods of a lepidoptera proposed by Lamas (2001). A total of 1025 specimens were captured. Having as a result the identification of 14 specimens and 22 at the family level. The most abundant species according to the results, was Agrotis ipsilon, resulting in a total of 71 specimens captured. The least abundant species due to the low presence of specimens studied, was Noctuidae sp 20 with only 6 specimens captured in six months. The area with the highest number of specimens is the Characato district with 212 and the areas with the lowest number of specimens are the district of José Luis Bustamante and Rivero with 0 specimens. A list of the identified species is presented and the description of the identified species is subsequently made. Key words: Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Identification, Morphology and Genitalia. vi INDICE DEDICATORIA .................................................................................................................................... iii AGRADECIMIENTO ............................................................................................................................ iv RESUMEN ........................................................................................................................................... v ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................................... vi INDICE .............................................................................................................................................. vii INDICE DE TABLAS ......................................................................................................................... xviii CAPÍTULO I .........................................................................................................................................1 INTRODUCCIÓN ..................................................................................................................................1 1.1. OBJETIVOS ...................................................................................................................................2 1.1.2. Objetivo general ...................................................................................................................2 12.2. Objetivos específicos .............................................................................................................2 CAPÍTULO II ........................................................................................................................................3 REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA...................................................................................................................3 2.1. CAMPIÑA DE AREQUIPA ..............................................................................................................3 2.2. ORDEN LEPIDÓPTERA ..................................................................................................................4 2.3. SUPERFAMILIA NOCTUOIDEA ......................................................................................................7 2.4. FAMILIA NOCTUIDAE ...................................................................................................................8 2.4.1. Morfología externa de la Familia Noctuidae. .......................................................................9 2.4.1.1. Cabeza. ..........................................................................................................................9 2.4.1.1.1. Clípeo - frente .............................................................................................................9 2.4.1.1.2. Antenas ......................................................................................................................9 2.4.1.1.3. Ojos ..........................................................................................................................10 2.4.1.1.4. Genas ........................................................................................................................10 2.4.1.1.5. Vertex .......................................................................................................................10
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