Centre Pompidou Structure Case Study

Moriah Colbert, Jeremy Sims, Aniekan Bassey-Etuk, Tucker Harding, Saloni

Overview

Architects: Renzo Piano, Richard Rogers and Gianfranco Franchini Structural Engineer: Ove Arup & Partners Location: Paris, France. Building Usage: Library and Museum Architectural Style: Postmodernism, Brutalist Client: President Georges Pompidou Year: 1977(started in 1971) Land Area: 5 acres Floor Area: 103,305 sqm About the Centre Pompidou

● In 1969 the President of france, Georges Pompidou set up an international competition to design a multidisciplinary cultural Center that would be a monumental structure in the city and attract tourists from around the world. ● The competition was chaired by Architect and Engineer Jean Prouvé and attracted over 681 submissions from 49 countries. About the Centre Pompidou

● Renzo Piano, Richard Rogers and Gianfranco Franchini won the competition and erected one of the most unorthodox structures of that era. ● the construction of the Centre Pompidou took more than half a decade to complete and was inaugurated on 31 January 1977 ● The Centre Pompidou was an instant success and has attracted over 150 million visitors since it was erected

Soil and Seismic Conditions

● The site is located in a Level 1 (very low risk) earthquake zone ● Virtually the whole of France can be classified in the zone of brown forest soils ● Favorable soil materials are found within the Paris Basin ○ These soils are acceptable for building Earthworks and Foundation

● Earthworks of 300,000m3 was needed to create a hole 16 to 20 meters deep. ○ The hole is reinforced with retaining walls ● The foundation for the supports of the posts are placed and then the infrastructure is built ● All four floors of the basement (below grade) are made of reinforced concrete Building Materials

● The structural components of the building are essentially metallic-columns, beams, connection elements, and poured concrete that make up the flooring Structural Elements

:Structural bay

:Truss = 157’ x 3’ https://cca9bparch2230.wordpress.com/2014/12/07/centre-georges-pompidou/ Load Transfer Diagram

The dead and live loads acting on roof and floors are transferred through I beams to the large steel cross beam. The force from the truss is continued into columns and moved to ground. The loads from the escalator and the duct work are also transferred to columns and brought down to foundation

https://cca9bparch2230.wordpress.com/2014/12/07/centre-georges-pompidou/ Spanning System Gerberettes and Columns

• Trusses resting on 8 meter long gerberettes • Column free • Gerberettes and columns – Pin connection • Gerberettes will rotate when forces will act Loading

• 850mm Columns fixed to the ground • Load transferred to the ground • 200mm pre-tensioned solid steel tie-rods tie the gerberettes to the ground • Creates negative moment in gerberettes to counter the forces in columns

• This method incorporates the benefit of pre-tensioned technique of reinforced concrete structure with steel structure. Compression Tension Bracing on Bracing System transversal side Transversal and Longitudinal - V-bracing - Cross bracing

Hollow round members - A capped by cast U-shaped Struts attach the member underside of the truss to the floor below - Pin connection

Central component is B cast - round hollow members welded A B

C

Pair of X braces C resolved into a single gase - pin connection Struts attach the underside of the truss to the floor below - Pin connection Hollow round members - capped Central component is A by cast U-shaped B cast - round hollow member members welded A B

C

Pair of X braces resolved into a single C gase - pin connection Bracing System Transversal and Longitudinal

Bracing on Round donut shaped plate - longitudinal side multiple members into one point - - X-bracing bolted pin connection

Circular connector - incoming truss and X bracing members bolt - plate fastened to front Visual Analysis - 3D Loading - 1.2D + 1.6L + .5W Gerberettes act as hinges, putting internal column in compression and exterior “column” into tension. Visual Analysis - 2D Deflected Shape Visual Analysis - 2D Shear Visual Analysis - 2D Moment Work Cited

"Centre Pompidou." CEE London Blogs. Accessed November 29, 2018. http://www.ceelondonblogs.ce.gatech.edu/blog_3/centre-pompidou/

Popkin, Jeremy David, and John E. Flower. "France." Encyclopædia Britannica. November 28, 2018. Accessed November 29, 2018. https://www.britannica.com/place/France/Soils#ref468824.

L'pope Du Chantier." Louise Bourgeois. Accessed November 29, 2018. http://mediation.centrepompidou.fr/education/ressources/ENS-architecture-Centre-Pompidou/comment_ca_fonctionne/p3.htm.

BRGM. "Zonage Sismique De La France." Retour à L'accueil. Accessed November 29, 2018. http://www.planseisme.fr/Zonage-sismique-de-la-France.html.

"Structural Diagrams – Centre Georges Pompidou." Cca9bparch2230. December 07, 2014. Accessed November 29, 2018. https://cca9bparch2230.wordpress.com/2014/12/07/centre-georges-pompidou/.

"Pompidou Center Long Section | Architecture Inspiration | Pinterest | Centre, Architecture and Renzo Piano." Pinterest. Accessed November 29, 2018. https://www.pinterest.com/pin/82120393177641146/?lp=true.

Liebling-Goldberg, Melissa. "Centre Pompidou , Paris - Culture Review." Condé Nast Traveler. Accessed November 29, 2018. https://www.cntraveler.com/activities/paris/centre-pompidou.

"Home." Centre Pompidou. Accessed November 29, 2018. https://www.centrepompidou.fr/en/The-Centre-Pompidou/The-history. https://web.archive.org/web/20081204030132/http://www.centrepompidou.fr/pompidou/Communication.nsf/0/B90DF3E7C7F18CAEC1256D970053FA6D?OpenDocument&sessio nM=3.1.12&L=2 https://app.emaze.com/@AFLTIOCT#1