36834 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-' .SENATE December 14, 1967 :EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS McClellan also suggests how President Q: What are you. doing to counter such Omnibus Crime Bill Johnson might handle Dr. Martin Luther rulings? King's forthcoming massive civil disobedi- A: I have added in this bill a section per­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS ence effort. · mitting the trial judge, if a question ls o• Q: Senator, you have called our law en­ raised about a confession, to hear all per­ forcement "inem.clent and inadequate." Two tinent testimony out of the presence of the HON. STROM THURMOND former U .s. attorneys general, Republlcan jury. He then submits t~e confession to the 01' SOUTH CAaoLINA Wllllam P. Rogers and Democrat Robert F. jury with the instruction that lt be given Kennedy, launched what were called major as much weight as it thinks it should have. IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES drives on organized crime. Where did they The jury could find the confession coerced, Thursday, December 14, 1967 fall short? in which case it would have no weight at A: I think those men were sincere but I all. Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, un­ don't think they have always gotten the co­ Q: Won't you have serious trouble getting der the able leadership of the distin­ operation they should have. Of course, law that through? guished Senator from Arkansas CMr. Mc­ enforcement is primar1ly a local responsl­ A: That's why the blll 1s held up now. A CLELLAN], its chairman, the Subcommit­ b111ty. They dealt with federal laws only substitute b1ll has been presented by the tee on Criminal Laws and Procedures of and what I have said applies to enforcement administration which ·the attorney aeneral at all levels. I am not placing the blame on participated ln drafting. It is generally what the Committ.ee on the Judiciary has re­ any attorney general. My own thought ls that was originally introduced, without some of Ported an omnibus crime bill to the full sometimes, in some given cases perhaps, they the features we prepared. committee. could prosecute more vigorously. AUTHORITY Such a measure is long overdue and Q: Then who or what is at fault? Everybody-except the attorney general, so by all means should be passed by the A: It's the failure to make our system work. far as I can determine-seems to want wire­ Senate at the earliest possible time in That responslb111ty rests upon all of us in the tap and electronic survemance authority un­ the second session of the 90th Congress. fields of legislation, administration and the der strict orders of the court. I don't know, courts. I see no indication that the trend ls maybe the President has stood against it, During the first 9 months of 1967 vio­ being reversed. By 1976 the number of major lent crimes as a group increased 15 per­ but they say it isn't safe. Somebody's pri­ crimes could reach 12 million. It's rising like vacy may be invaded. cent nationwide over the corresPonding compound interest. No government can with­ The overlords of organized crime use the period in 1966. The need for an effec­ stand such an undermlnlng lnfiuence of its telephone. Dope merchants use the telephone. tive crime bill which will aid and en­ sovereignty. This is the greatest internal dan­ They are shielded. Why shouldn't the pollce courage law enforcement becomes more ger in our country today. have the same tool to use under a court apparent with each passing day. S. 917 INDDTERENCB order? If we cannot trust our courts to use as amended by the subcommittee would The people must become aroused. Citizens the special and necessary precautions to see clear the air of the confusion surround­ cannot retreat into an attitude of indlfference that abuses do not occur, then ln what can ing law enforcement which has been cre­ and pull all of their trust ln law enforce­ they be trusted? ment om.clals. They must insist on enactment Q: You have said we are in a period of ated by recent Supreme Court decisions. crisis. What hope do you see of breaking the As Senator McCLELLAN has stated: of laws to deal with these problems and insist upon strict enforcement. dead-lock which seems to have developed be­ The immediate problem 1s to give the po­ Hardened criminals should be put behind tween a Supreme Court, described as llberal, liceman tools to work with and to restore bars and kept there. I don't think you can which produces decisions llke that in the to our jurisprudence the eligib111ty of volun­ reform them. You only jeopardize society "Miranda" case, and the Congress, which ap­ tary confessions as evidence in criminal when they are released and not punished, pears to reftect many citizens' urgings for cases. whether it is done by a municipal Judge, a stronger action against offenders? A: What are we supposed to do, nothing? S. 917 would provide for admission into court of general sessions, or the supreme court. I belleve ln trying. I would hope at least one evidence of truly voluntary confessions Q: What would be the best course for the member of the court would change his mind and, in addition, would establish guide­ country right now? Is the crime control blll when they see the evil fruits fl.owing from the lines under which law enforcement om­ decisions they have handed down. I've seen 1 in your Judiciary committee the answer? cers could make use of Court approved, A: I believe the approach in the President's one justice, Hugo Black, indicate perhaps he electronic surveillance. "Safe Streets and Crime B1ll" ls sound, but has become concerned and a llttle more re­ lt wm take four or five years before it bears strained in this field. The need for this legislation was dis­ I voted against some Justices I now wish cussed in an article published in the De­ fruit. It does not reach the immediate prob­ lem. I had voted for. (Senator McClellan voted cember 7 edition of the Columbia, S.C., We made some modlftcatlons in it which, against coniftrma.tion of Justice Pott.er st.ew­ Record, in the form of an interview with in my judgment, improved it. The immediate art, John Heirland and Thurgood M.a.rahaJ.l Senator McCLELLAN. I ask unanimous problem ls to give the policeman tools to and later ls known to have expressed ap.. consent that the article be printed in the work with and to restore to our jurisprudence proval of some of Stewart and Harlan's RECORD. , the el1glbll1ty of voluntary confessions as opinions.) evidence in criminal cases. Those are two Q: Senator, your riot investigation has There being no objection, the article taken you thus far to Nashville, Tenn. and be in RECORD, weapons-potent and effective weapons-the was ordered to printed the police today are denied. The confession has Houston, Texas. What have you found? as follows: been traditional in our system of juris­ A: These are tentative, not final conclu­ McCLELLAN w ANTS To 8LABH NATION'e CRillU prudence for more than 100 years. sions: the two riots appear to have been RATB fomented by extremists, primarily members ILL"OSTBATION of SNICK (the Student Non-Violent Coordi­ (By Vera Glaser) A clear 1llustration occurred recently when nating Committee, a milltant Negro group) WASHINGTON.-The Senator's crack investi­ a 15-year-old Oklahoma boy murdered his in both instances. It ls very unllkely the gator and expert on crlmlnal behavior, John mother, set fire to the premises and burned disturbance would have occurred, certainly L. McClellan of Arkansas, is meeting resist­ the house. no serious disorder would have occurred, ex­ ance from the admlnlstratlon as he tries to When his father took him to the police, cept that extremists fomented the actions. write a law he considers tough enough to along with his two older brothers, he ad­ Q: Would you say they were Communist­ deal with America's· rising tide of crime and mitted what he had done. The case came to oriented? violence. trial. The judge, following the Supreme A: I have no positive proof, but birds of In the following interview the chairman of Oourt's "Miranda" decision, held that since a feather ftock together. Stokely Carmichael the Government Operations Committee re­ the boy hadn't been warned he was entitled and some others seemed in a hurry to run veals himself as deeply troubled over the to a lawyer there had to be a judgment of off to Cuba. widespread defiance of authority ln the U.S. acquittal. Q: How do you view the announced plans He warns that, "no civilized society can Now that is a strained, distorted inter­ of Dr. Martin Luther King for a massive civil withstand such a vicious assault upon its pretation of the Constitution both in letter disobedience campaign in U .8. cities? structure." and in splrlt. That is the harm being done A: I do not see how any government can McClellan's permanent investigations sub­ by some of these 5--4 Supreme Oourt deci­ permit such a thing and expect law and committee ts probing the causes of Negro sions that are shackling law enforcement order and constituted authority to be rioting in U.S. cities, an effort which will om.clals in this country. respected. continue through 1968. Here he offers some Every hardened criminal in this country Q: Isn't it similar to the October peace tentative findings of the probe and discusses knows lt. They have their grapevine and rally at the Pentagon? the type of crime law he bellevee should be sometimes it ls swifter than that of law en­ A: I don't think they should have per­ enacted. forcement cricles. mitted it at the Pentagon. I'd stop them be- December 14, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -'SENATE 36835 fore they ever marched into the District of than to put the issue in the words of It was a great moment in the history Columbia. They ought to be told it will not their resolution which declared: of world transportation when Pan Am in­ be tolerated, and it ought to come from the augurated overseas air travel in 1927 with highest source of authority in this nation. We oppose any increase in taxes which ls a 90-.mlnute flight from Key West to Ha­ That's the President of the United States. not matched by a prior and equivalent reduc­ vana. Q: Are you saying there ls some violation tion in Government expenditures. It was a short hop by today's stand­ of existing law now? ards, but Mr. Trippe had a dream. He en­ A: Yes, if the purpose ls to disrupt the :t visioned an American :flag carrier that would process of government. Certainly there ls overcome ocean barriers. He imagined vast, when an overt act ls committed. Declaring Juan T. Trippe-1967 Winner of the busy highways in the sky to join distant the intent may not be. peoples in good will and profitable trade. Hubbard Award The dream required revolutionary aircraft. Thus Mr. Trippe commissioned Igor Sikorsky EXTENSION OF REMARKS to build a safe, comfortable multi-engine fly- ing boat. · Farm Bureau for Commitment 01' Now air routes leaped southward across the Caribbean to South America. Airports HON. JOSEPH D. TYDINGS were carved from jungle wilderness. Naviga­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS OJ' !4.ABYLAND tion and weather stations ·rose on barren 01' IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES mountain slopes. By 1934, Pan American Ciippers served every country in Latin Amer­ HON. WM. J. RANDALL Thursday, December 14, 1967 ica. Mr. TYDINGS. Mr. President, The The time was ready for the conquest of OJ' MISSOURI the oceans. Not only by bold men making IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Hubbard Gold Medal is a coveted award offered since 1906 by the National Geo­ lonely solo :fllghts in :fllmsy airplanes, but Thursday, December 14, 1967 by workaday planes carrying passengers like graphic Society to men and women of you and me. outstanding accomplishments in the Charles Lindbergh, an earlier Hubbard Mr. RANDALL. Mr. Speaker, in the fields of research, exploration, and dis· New York Times today is an article which Meda.list, helped accomplish this miracle by covery. joining Pan Am as a technical advisor in states that "Our Nation's largest farm or­ Although the Hubbard Medal is 61 1928. He still holds that post today. ganization, by resolution has called for years old, it has been awarded only 22 In 1931, Mr. Trippe dispatched Colonel 'a total National commitment' to win the times, so discriminating 1s the choice of Lindbergh and his wife, Anne Morrow Lind­ war in Vietnam.'' I mention this only a recipient. bergh, on an unprecedented survey :fllght to because I think it is s1gniflcant because the Orient. Two years later, the Lindbergh& I am happy to report that the 1967 again soared aloft to survey the North At­ the American Farm Bureau Federation winner of the Hubbard Award 1s a has never before taken a stand on this lantic. For her service as co-pilot and radio famous man who has some famous roots operator on the :fllght, :Mrs. Lindbergh re­ issue. Heretofore the Farm Bureau had in the great State of Maryland-Juan T. ceived the 1934 Hubbard Medal. limited itself to an expression of grati­ Trippe, board chairman of Pan Amer­ The Lindbergh flights, daring at the time, tude to our troops serving in Vietnam. ican World Airways. resolved many of the technical problems fac­ Delegates to the 49th annual conven­ In being given this signal honor by ing pilots destined to span the oceans in the tion of this large farm organization Chief Justice Warren in behalf of the mighty clippers being built to Pan Am speci­ adopted a resolution declaring: fications. National Geographic Society, Juan Mr. Trippe looked confidently to the Far · · The Vietnam war requires a total National Trippe joins some illustrious predeces­ East. Desolate coral islands in the Paciflc commitment if we are to complete as rapidly sors, in addition to Robert E. Peary, the were transformed into way stations for trans­ as possible the di11lcult task of stopping ag­ discoverer of the North Pole and the oceanic travelers. Those tiny inns on Midway, gression, restoring order and permitting the first recipient, and including Roald Wake, and Guam were probably the first properly constituted government established Inter-Continental Hotels. by self-determination to function. Amundsen, Adm. Richard E. Byrd, Lin­ coln Ellsworth, Charles A. Lindbergh, On November 22, 1935, Mr. Trippe proudly The chairman of the subcommittee and the late, great Air Force general, watched his first China Clipper rise majesti­ cally from San Francisco bound for Manila. that drafted the Bureau's resolution Henry H. "Hap" Arnold. You will recall that the National Geo­ stated afterward in an interview that he Although Mr. Trippe is not a native graphic Society played its own part in the believed efforts to win the war in Vietnam of Maryland, his ancestors on both sides aerial conquest of the Pacific Ocean. The be­ must be speeded. It is noteworthy that came from the Free State, and there is loved Dr. and Mrs. Gilbert H. Grosvenor were delegates from 49 States approved the still a rugged stream churning through the first couple to fly the entire tran!;lpaciflc resolution without dissent. our countryside known as Trippe's Creek. route from San Francisco to Hong Kong as Closely akin to the foregoing resolution We in Maryland are equally proud of paying passengers. was another adopted by the Farm Bu­ Pan American World Airways as we are Pan Am's growing fleet turned to the At­ lantic. The famed flying boat Yankee Clip­ reau which stated: of Mr. Trippe and their collective accom­ per made a dramatic first :fllght in 1939 from We condemn the action of those who in­ plishments. Port Washington, Long Island, to Lisbon. cite or participate in riots, defile the flag It was before World War II, Mr. Pres­ Juan Trippe, a. pioneer at heart, never or burn draft cards. ident, that Pan American operated its rested on his laurels. In 1940 the Boeing 307 The resolution continued on to state: famous clipper ships out of Baltimore went into service al; the first pressurized and it was in 1958 when Pan American land plane on regular flights. Pan Am sur­ We recognize the right of citizens to dis­ inaugurated international service from veyed and established new air routes be­ sent, but protests and demonstrations should tween Seattle and Juneau, Alaska, and from not interfere with the rights of others and Friendship Airport to Latin and South daily Los Angeles to Auckland. must not be permitted to deteriorate into America via operations to San Juan, The National Geographic Society and Pan civll disorder. Puerto Rico. American World Airways joined forces for Whether one classes himself as a hawk Best describing the accomplishments of the Mount McKinley Flight Expedition. This or a dove, there is no pos.sible way to Mr. Trippe and his great brainchild, adventure gave Americans their first bird's­ quarrel with the content of this last Pan American, are the words of Chief eye view of Alaska'!; awesome mountains. resolution adopted by the Farm Bureau. Justice Warren: From a Pan Am Lockheed monoplane, ex~ The Hubbard Medal shows an eagle .tak­ pedition leader Bradford Washburn looked Now, Mr. Speaker, I have not always ing wing at sunrise. It is a. highly appro­ down on Mount McKinley. It was, he re.. been in agreement with the Farm Bu­ priate symbol for tonight's occasion, be­ ported, "the world's mightiest precipice ... reau Federation because ot· its attitude cause the 'sun never sets on the great jet one stupendous cliff plunging to the plains toward Government farm programs that fleet of Pan American World Airways. Guided 17,000 feet below." are in the nature of subsidies designed by Mr. Trippe, who serves Pan Am as Chair­ World War II halted aerial exploration;-:but to limit production. But I am in full and man of the Board, the airline links the it accelerated progress in aviation. Pan Am complete agreement with the organiza­ United States with 84 nations on six con­ trained military crews in long-range flying tinents. techniques. The airline ferried troops and tion when they call for reduction in non­ Our Medalist pioneered this vast network cargo to hazardous battle zones. Pan Am, defense spending, not only as a curb on of air routes. When Juan Trippe founded in working with the military, demonstrated lnfiation, but as evidence of a sacrifice Pan Am more than 40 years ago, international the value o:r a powerful United Stateb air to permit swifter prosecution of the war. travel was limited to a privileged few. L<>ng­ merchant marine. . - There ls no bett.er way that I know of distance air travel did not exist. 'After the war, Mr. Trippe resumed hfa 36836 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE December 14, 1967 unique role in American commercial avia­ economists in the President's own party. As we stand on the threshold of 1968, we tion with new zeal. By 1947 Pan Am girdled ~xpress renewed faith in our Government and What we are experiencing, I believe, is pledge our earnest support. We agree with the globe with regularly scheduled round­ inflation generated by massive Govern­ the-world flights. our administration's policy on Vietnam. We The introduction of jet aircraft heightened ment spending, with the Government are seriously aware of the Communist decla­ Mr. Trippe's old dream of making air travel bidding against private economy for ration that they wm first take Eastern attractive to all peoples. Accordingly, in manpower and services. This opens the Europe, then the masses of Asia and, lastly, 1955, Mr. Trippe startled the aviation world door to inflationary wage settlements. the United States. Being of Eastern European With an order for American-built jet trans­ Second. The administration admits it origin, our people have lived and died from ports. Fo\ld' yea.rs later, Pan Am ina.ugura.ted is faced with a multibillion-dollar deficit the actuality of the Communist scourge. Our America's first overseas jet service with the prime aim is to safeguard American interests but has failed to make any meaningful and to alert all segments of American society historic flight of a Boeing 707 from New York reductions in nonessential spending or to Paris. on the brutally live and destructive forces Early this year, a Pan Am Jet made the postpone new and untried programs not of Communism. We pledge the Lithuanian first fully automatic approach and landing vital to the Nation's welfare. Community to uphold our American princi­ in the United States on a routine flight with Third. One of the principal arguments ples with pride and honor. paying passengers. .advanced in behalf of the surcharge is On February 16, 1968, the American-Lithu­ For more than four decades, Juan Trippe that its enactment would relieve pressure anian Community in the U.S. will commem­ has led Pan Am and, indeed, the entire Amer­ orate the 50th Anniversary of Lithuania's on the money market, thus obviating an Rebirth of Independence. Major cultural ican aircraft industry across new frontiers increase in the general interest level. In in transportation. Facllities that both the events wm take place throughout the airlines and public now take for granted view of recent Federal Reserve Board Country. were fantastic innovations when Mr. Trippe action, this argument is no longer valid. To solemnly mark this occa.sion, we ask introduced them. The dampening effect of increased inter­ that a statement and re-affirmation of the Mr. Trippe's daring shattered the shackles est rates superimposed with a tax in­ official U.S. position be made by our Ad­ of time and distance in travel; he has helped crease might well plunge our economy ministration, as stated in "Treaties in Force", give man a new awareness of his planet. On Jan. l, 1967 (Dept. of State Publication 8188) into a recession. Budget cuts provide a and Dept. of State Publication "Status of behalf of all members of the National Geo­ more :flexible economic weapon because graph.ic Society throughout the world, I take the World's Nations" (Geogr. Bulletin No. special pride in handing to Mr. Trippe the they can be put into effect at once and 2, May, 1965, pp. 1 and 9): Hubbard Gold Medal. It bears this citation: allow for a more rapid reversal of :policy. "In the early part of World Wa:r II, three "To Juan T. Trippe, In recognition of his Fourth. A tax increase would be an sovereign States, Estonia, Latvia and Lithu­ extraordinary contributions to geography and unnecessary additional burden on the ania, were forcibly incorporated into the exploration through the development of new middle-income taxpayer and especially Soviet Un.ion. air routes across the continents and oceans hard on those citizens on fixed incomes. "The incorporation of the Baltic States of the world and a lifetime of service to the into the Soviet Union is not recognized by air and science of aviation." the U.S. Government. The United States recognizes, furthermore, the diplomatic and I might add, Mr. President, that Mr. consular representatives of the last free gov­ Trippe's response to the glowing words The SOth Anniversary of Lithuanian ernments of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania of the Chief Justice was typical of him as the accredited representatives of those and his modest nature. He thanked the Independence countries." This would be in line w1 th the action National Geographic Society for the taken by the U.S. Senate and House of Repre­ award not only for himself but in behalf EXTENSION OF REMARKS sentatives who for many years have com­ of the many thousands of dedicated Pan OJ' memorated Lithuania's independence date American employees around the world. on February 16th, with appropriate talks on HON. WILLIAM T. MURPHY the Senate and House floors and incorpora­ OJ' ILLINOIS tion of remarks into the Oongression·al Record. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES To commemorate this event with our be­ The Surtax Question Thursday, December 14, 1967 loved United States in the foreground, we have placed a request before the U.S. Post­ Mr. MURPHY of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, master General asking that a commemorative EXTENSION OF REMARKS on the eve of the 50th anniversary of the philatelic stamp be issued in 1968 for the OF reestablishment of Lithuanian independ­ country of Lithuania. In fulfilling this re­ ence, a memorandum was presented to quest, the United States would establish an HON. LARRY WINN, JR. the Vice President of the United States, affirmative world opinion that America con­ OF KANSAS tinues to champion the idea of sovereign the Honorable HUBERT H. HUMPHREY. on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES equality of all nations 1n an international Wednesday, December 6, 1967, by Mr. system of law, order, and decency. Thursday, December 14, 1967 Anthony J. Rudis, national president of The contribution of the Lithuanian im­ Mr. WINN. Mr. Speaker, for many the Lithuanian American Council, Inc. migrant to the United States has been one I of loyal and arduous industry. From the first months we have been reading about the Mr. Speaker, was so impressed with some of the :points contained in this one of written record, Alexander C. CUrsius, President's request for a 10-percent who came to the U.S. in April of 1659, as a surcharge on incomes to help finance memorandum that I thought it should be brought to the attention of my !teacher of high school Classics, through the Vietnam war. to help cut the budget those who served in the regiments of twelve deficit, and to help stem inflation. It has colleagues. Northern States 1n the Civil War, on through I insert the memorandum and the re­ to those who labored in the coal mines and been difficult for me to reconcile myself sponse of Vice President HUBERT H. to the President's thinking when he an­ steel mills, built railroads, churches, schools, HUMPHREY: established businesses and professions, on to nounced in November that the deficit DECEMBER 6, 1967. Victor Brenner, famous sculptor who designed was expected to reach $30 to $35 billion, To the Honorable Vice President of the United the Lincoln penny, we find their tasks were while at that very time, his pro:posed States, HUBERT H. HUMPHREY: dedicated and proudly patriotic in helping tax increase/spending cut plan was MR. VICE PRESIDENT: This Delegation Of the to build and shape our nation. ready for submission t.o Congress and Lithuanian American Council comes to you to In these modern times of elaborate and showed the deficit to be $22.4 billion re-atllrm our loyalty and dedication to our cunning plans to discredit the U.S. and create $2.6 Administration and to our great President, crises, we wish to show the world that our which could be reduced billion as a Mr. Lyndon B. Johnson. We are a nationwide Country values the friendship and loyalty of result of planned expenditure controls, organization representing one m1llion Amer­ her citizens. And, just as in 1917-1918 it was leaving a $19.8 billion deficit in sight. ican-Lithuanians and their organizations. We the peaceful and mighty America who at­ I have considered all the arguments are an American civic movement united tempted to guide the world into a better advanced by the administr.atlon in sup­ against Communist expansion. future-the United States today still sup­ port of this tax increase and I am simply From the time of the U.S. non-recognltion ports the humanitarian principles of self­ unable to accept them. And so, for the of the forced occupation of Lithuania, Latvia determinatlon and freedom to all peoples. and Estonia in 1940, the Lithuanian American We respectfully request our Administra­ following reasons, I cannot at this time Council has been received by every U.S. Pres­ tion's support of the issuance of a com­ support a tax increase: ident. In our request for an audience with memorative postage stamp for Lithuania in First. The administration says a tax President Johnson, he has asked that at this 1968. The idealism of the United States givea increase is needed to halt inflation, but time, the gracious omce of the Vice President her an unchallenged right to honorable world this contention is disputed by leading receive our Delegation. leadership. December 14, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE 36837 We thank you, Mr. Vice President, for your forcible incorporation of Lithuania by the hower, to be followed by a negative conserva­ courtesy. We express our respect to a great Soviet Union and has continued tO support tism that 1n 1964 took Republicans back American and allegiance and fealty to our the cause of self-determination for all the to 1936 in defeat. Country and Flag, the Unit.eel States of Baltic peoples. The courage and the dedica­ Taft bridged the gap. First elected to the America. tion with which the Lithuanian people both United States Senate in 1938, he survived Anthony J. Rudis, National President, at home and abroad have maintained their until only a short period after Eisenhower's Lithuanian American Council, Inc.; National national identity in the face of great ad­ inauguration. During that time, he won Affairs Chairman, Lithuanian Catholic Fed· versity is an inspiration to free men every­ three contests for the Senate 1n Ohio and eration. where. It was not surprising to me, therefore, lost three contests for his party's nomination His Exe. Bishop V. Brizgys, Exiled Bishop that this delegation and your people should for Presl,dent. of Kaunas, Lithuania. stand with the government of the United Although he was berated by Labor Union Leonard Simutis, National President, Lith­ States in its policy in Vietnam. You know leaders for the so-called "slave labor" Taft­ uanian Catholic Alliance of America. that the principle of self-determination ap­ Hartley Act, which bears his name, Oh1o Dr. Pius Graigaitis, Publlsher and Editor, plies universally. And thank goodness you laboring men supported him, and the Taft­ Lithuanian Daily Newspaper, "Naujienos". also know what happens in a totalitarian Hartley Act has been a.mended to make it Michael Vaidyla, Publisher and Editor, society and a totalitarian regime. more stringent. Lithuanian Weekly Newspaper, "Sand.ara". We have learned from bitter experience that When he died of cancer in July 1953, many Rev. Pranas Garsva, M.I.C., Publisher and the cause of freedom throughout the world is people speculated on what the result would Editor, Lithuanian Dally Newspaper, "Drau­ indivisible, and that human Uberty can never have been of his being chosen as President gas". be advanced and assured without firmness of 1n 1952, and then passing on with but seven Juozas Kapocius, Publisher and Editor, purpose and readiness for sacrifice on the months 1n omce, because his choice for Vice Lithuanian Encyclopedia; Chairman, Board part of those who cherish its blessings. It is President would undoubtedly have been of Directors, Lithuanian Community U.S.A. with this fundamental realization and with Senator Knowland of california, instead of Paul Dargis, President, Lithuanian Na­ this spirit that the government and the the Eisenhower choice of' the other California tional Alliance of America. people of the United States will, I am con­ Senator, now a 17th District resident, Richard Theodore Blinstrubas, President, Lith· fident, meet their responsib111t1es in today's M. Nixon. uanian National Association. troubled world. Probably most signtftcant in understand­ Jack Stukas, Director, Lithuanian Radio I want to say to the Lithuanian American ing the esteem in which Bob Taft was held & Television Programs, New York-New Jer­ Council that your message in your memoran­ in the country and by his colleagues, is the sey-Conn. dum to me needs to be brought to the atten­ fact that he was one of the five Sena.tors Mrs. Anthony J. Rudis, Representing Wo­ tion of the entire nation. When I heard you chosen out of the Senatorial history to be men's Civic Clubs. speak of our endeavors as we seek them commemorated by a portrait in the Capitol. Edward J. McEiroy, Special Events Direc­ today and of the threats to our society and All of this and more ls covered by this tor, Radio Station WJJD, Chicago, Illinois. to the cause of freedom, I know you spoke, book, which traces the Taft career and, like not as men and women of theory, but as an elephant, forgets no detail. RESPONSE BY VICE PRESIDENT HUBERT H. people who have lived through it. I think liv­ To understand national politics, and cur­ HUMPHREY FoLLOWING PRESENTATION BY ing is the best teacher of all. rent political philosophy, this book is a must. MEMBERS OF THE LITHUANIAN AMERICAN So Mr. Rudis, may I thank you very, very One word about the publisher. Fleet Press COUNCIL, DECEMBER 6, 1967 much. I will see that this commUnication is Corporation at 156 Fifth Avenue 'is in our Thank you very, very much. First, may I brought to the attention of the President and Vlllage area. Its guiding light is Doris Schiff, welcome you: My good friend Tony and Mary the Secretary of State, and 1t will also be also a Villager. With books like this one, they and other members of this distinguished incorporated. in the records of the Congress. make a welcome addition to our district. delegation. And I especially want to thank you for bringing me this memorandum to­ day and for your letter to me of some days ago telling me of the possibility of our J. Michaels, Inc., of Brooklyn, Demon­ visit. I want also to express to you the The Political Principles of Robert A. heartfelt appreciation of the President of Taft strates Faith in the Future of Our the United States, Mr. Johnson, for your work and for your steadfastness and for your Cities vigorous support of our country and your EXTENSION OF REMARKS country-this great America--and what it's OF EXTENSION OF REMARKS endeavoring to do now in Asia as it has en­ deavored to do in other parts of the world. HON. THEODORE R. KUPFERMAN OF Your support of our policy in Vietnam is OF NEW YORK very reassuring and, may I say, deeply ap­ HON. HUGH L. CAREY preciated. What we seek to do there is what IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OJ' NEW YORK we are seeking to do around the world-pro­ Thursday, December 14, 1967 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vide for independence, promote independence and self-determination. That's our only Mr. KUPFERMAN. Mr. Speaker. the Thursday, December 14, 1967 objective. We seek no territory; we seek no Villager, a fine community newspaper in Mr. CAREY. Mr. Speaker, with so sphere of infiuence; we seek no imperial my district is interested, as we all here many people deploring the ethnic domain. All we seek to do is to help those are, in men and events that shape our changes that are taking place in our who are the victims of brutality and aggres­ Nation, its previous course and its fu­ sion to maintain their freedom and their centers of pcpulations, with so many independence so that they can build their ture path. press stories about various firms desert­ own life and design their own future. For that reason, I wi:ts asked to review ing the metropclitan areas for the sub­ It's particularly gratifying for me to meet an excellent book entitled "The Political urbs, with so many prophets of doom with this distinguished delegation on the Principles of Robert A. Taft". predicting the decay of our cities, I be­ eve of the 50th anniversary of the re-estab­ I know my colleagues will share my in­ lieve it is incumbent upon us to pay some lishment of Lithuanian independence. Of terest in this book and in my view of it. tribute to those business concerns who course, we know that Lithuanian indepen­ The review follows: dence was re-established at the end of World have faith and trust in the commwiitY. War I with a great and idealistic and force­ THE POLITICAL PRINCIPLES OF RoBERT A. TAFT where they matured, and in the people ful leader, Woodrow Wilson, who fought so A new book, "The Political Principles of whoni they serve. hard for the right of self-determination. Robert A. Taft," points out what many have I .am thiriking in particular of one Organizations such as the Lithuanian long suspected: that Robert A. Taft was firm in my own district of Brooklyn, American Council have played an importan.t the country's modern conservative, with a N.Y. The name of this firm ls J. Michaels, role in the shaping of our society from the viable program for the Republican Party that Inc., a name, I might add, which has diverse national elements. But out of this all factions within it could live with for the diversity of people comes our strength, and good of the country. become synonymous with quality furni­ the Lithuanian people have truly enriched The Republican Party, on a national basis, ture and appliances. The beginning of the culture of America and the industry, and had been the party of prosperity in power this business dates back to 1886, when the commerce, and the agriculture o:f this :from World War I until the depression, when one Joseph Michaels opened a small fur­ nation-made it a strong nation. You have its time ran out. Under Franklin D. Roosevelt niture store on Smith Street, convinced contributed to the enrichment of the fabric it became the party of negativism, so feeble that Brooklyn was a healthy community o:f American life and you've done so through that it barely maintained representation in the Congress. in which to do business. Today that one the preservation of your own cultural little store has grown four large stores, heritage. Robert A. Taft gave it a program of inte111- to AM you know. the United States government gent conservatism. With his passing came but all these stores are still in Brooklyn, has consistently refused to recognize the another wave o:f prosperity under Eisen- because the descendants of the fowi- 36838 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE December 14, 1967 der-Jules D. Michaels and Robert Christmas tree designs visible to thou­ H.R. 14447-A Bill To Provide for the Michaels-hold the belief that Brooklyn sands of motorists using the interstate continues to be a healthy community in highway system-known as the Everett Study of the Feasibility of Using Wa­ which to grow and thrive. Turnpike-during evening hours. ter From the Missouri River in West­ By way of evidence: Only 4 years ago, In addition to these displays, the ern Texas J. Michaels erected a beautiful modern chamber Christmas decorations commit­ store in downtown BrooklYn to replace tee has inaugurated another first for an older one across the street. This fine Manchester's Christmas season in the EXTENSION OF REMARKS store has 36,000 square feet of :floor­ form of a public Santa's workshop lo­ OJ' space, is fully sprinklered and 100 per­ cated on Merrimack Common in the cent air conditioned, and involved an heart of the city. For Manchester's HON. ROBERT PRICE investment of over a half million dol­ youth-of all ages-Santa will be housed OF TEXAS lars. It is an asset to the downtown in his typical workshop laden with toys IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Brooklyn landscape and will help to keep and goodies, surrounded by busy working Thursday, December 14, 1967 elves, brightly colored and lighted that section one of New York's leading Mr. PRICE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, at shopping centers. "sugar plum" trees, and a large lighted the recent annual meeting of the Mid­ If, indeed, Brooklyn continues to be a canopy covering the walkway to the col­ west Electric Consumers Association in healthy community, J. Michaels has orful entrance arch of his workshop. As the visitor approaches Santa's workshop Omaha, Nebr., on December 8, 1967, helped to make it so through its active there was presented by R. W. Beck & participation in various community ac­ with his personal Christmas list he will Associates, analytical and consulting tivities, such as good citirenship awards pass between two pens of Santa's own engineers, a plan for the use of the wa­ to high school students, music apprecia­ black-faced sheep. ters of the Missouri River by the Great tion concerts for children, sponsorship The board of directors of the Man­ Plains area, which includes much of the of Boy Scout troops, and contributions chester Chamber of Commerce feel that western part of the State of Texas. I to many Brooklyn charities. it is vital to the successful rallying of the think that this plan is most significant J. Michaels' good-neighbor relations total business community support to and want to call it to the attention of my are carried right to within its own or­ sponsor the Christmas decorations pro­ colleagues. ganization. It had a nondiscriminatory gram. The chamber r®resents all types, Its main point is that many areas in the hiring policy long before the birth of the sizes, and locations of Manchester busi­ Missouri River Basin have a surplus of present-day civil rights movement. To­ ness, industry, and professional firms, water, while many other areas, that are day, over one-third of its employees are and this sponsorship accentuates the contiguous with the basin, have a defi­ nonwhite, and many of them are in re­ broad community responsibility as dis­ nite shortage. These shortages could be sponsible and supervisory Positions. tinct from a particular self-interest asso­ corrected by diverting water from the A fl.rm such as J. Michaels-with its ciation or geqgraphical group within the .Missouri into the areas of shortage, still longtime reputation for fair dealings, community. Unlike many communities, leaving plenty of water for the pro­ low prices, and conscientious service­ the financial support of this community gramed growth of all areas. would undoubtedly be successful in any project comes from businesses located in This proposal has foresight and vision. community. all four corners of the Queen City rather The water problem has long been one of It ls not my intention to praise one than from only the "downtown mer­ the most serious in the Great Plains area, fl.rm. I mention J. Michaels only as an chants." Contributions from firms lo­ where the soil is so naturally rich and example of the kind of business concern cated at the airport-Grenier Field-in fertile, yet where little will grow in pro­ that, by simply showing faith in the the millyard, on the highway entrances, portion to its potential, because of in­ people, will help our cities prosper. north, south, east, and west, manufac­ sufficient water supply. We lose much of turers, doctors, laWYers, hotels, laundries, our agricultural and industrial capabil­ plumbing establishments, religious or­ ity by not opening up these areas ganizations, labor groups-all reflect a with water from areas of great surplus. citirenship responsibility of the business Quoting from the study: Civic Firsts in Christmas Decorations in community in a tangible and attractive As our water requirements increase, it is Manchester, N.H. way. not realistic to permit water unused and As a local "spectacular" costing in the unuseable in one area to go to waste when EXTENSION OF REMARKS vicinity of $13,000, while 85 percent of it can be transported and used in another the cost ls carried by the business and area to enhance the nation's economy. A OF professional community, the public sec­ haunting memory to the Great Plains area. is tor-the municipality itself-carries the drought of the Thirties, when a short­ HON. LOUIS C. WYMAN about 15 percent of the total costs so age of water supply resulted in untold eco- OF NEW HAMPSHIRB there ls demonstrated a practical part­ no!ll1c loss and misery. - IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nership and a true community undertak­ It ls imperative that we act to prevent ing. this from ever happening again, espe­ Thursday, December 14, 1967 Mr. Speaker, congratulations are in cially when the means are so near our Mr. WYMAN. Mr. Speaker, from year order to the members of the Manchester grasp. The existing Texas water plan has to year the Manchester, N.H., Chamber Chamber of Commerce Christmas Deco­ recognized the fact that there is not of Commerce has sponsored a commu­ rations Program Committee for this enough water readily available for the nitywide display _of Christmas decora­ worthwhile undertaking that could western part of our State, and that the tions progr_am. This year the display in­ readily serve as a model to interested only sources that are feasible are at a cludes a 13-block area in the central groups in other cities across the Nation. great distance from the State. It is real­ city, decorated with aluminum , gar­ I want to personally and publicly con­ ized also that water wlll have to be trans­ landed lighted cross street streamers gratulate the general chairman, Mr. Ber­ ported from other areas to fill the re­ featuring an old English lantern theme. nard J. Garrell, and the members of his quirements. three major intersection pyramid dis­ comm!ttee for this fine job this year: It is the contention of the study by plays depicting the Christmas candle Thomas R. Burns, Jr., John M. Du:fly, R. W. Beck & Associates that the Missouri motif; large lighted snowmen stand as Jr., M.D., Ralph Gottlieb, F'austyn K. River Basin offers the best promise as a sentinels to the entrances to this display Ja.siel, E. Leo Kanteres, Robert A. Lar­ source of water for west Texas, and I am area: each on-street parking meter PoSt rivee, D.D.S., Clement M. Lemire, Roger convinced that the proposal should be within the lighted area ls wrapped with M. Mara, Augustine J. McDonough, Esq., thoroughly investigated as a solution to red, white, and green plastic covers; Andrew J. Woronka, and George G. vital water needs of west Texas and the each of the major entrances to the city Younger. And to my colleagues and their Great Plains area. is decorated with large lighted Christ­ constituents, I extend a warm invitation The annual water flow of the Missouri mas tree displays of welcome; and on to "come see us" and the beautiful spirit at Sioux City, Iowa, during the period one of the major bridges spanning the of Noel in the Queen City of New Hamp­ from 1898 to 1962 was 33,400 cubic feet Merrimack River are two large lighted shire. . per second, which was about one and a December 14, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 36839 half times the flow of the Colorado, As desirable as this transfer is in Niobrara River; canal usage; participating which serves California and Arizona. theory, much planning and study is reservoir projects. Thus, there seems to be plenty of water 5. Flood control benefits: Incidental flood necessary before it can be carried out. control benefits from diverting uncontrolled to divert from one area to the other The needs of the areas containing the high flows of intercepted streams into the without endangering anyone's growth. As surplus water must be taken into ac­ proposed canal. a fact of life, the western part of Texas, count, as well as how to p~cel the water 6. Indirect benefits: Stimulus to economy as well as other Great Plains areas, must that is deemed available. of region and nation due to increased land have an increased water supply, and this In order to answer these and many values; adequate municipal and industrial could be the answer. other questions raised, I have proposed water supply; new agri-business created; aid Under the propased plan of develop­ a measure, H.R. 14447, which would di­ in population redistribution; land and water ment, flows of the Missouri River would rect a study of the feasibility of divert­ conservation. be diverted just downstream from Fort ing water from the Missouri River to PROJECT COSTS AND CONSTRUCTION PERIOD Randall Reservoir at an elevation of ap­ areas, such as the western part of Texas, 1. Overall approximate estimated project proximately 1,250. feet above sealevel. where the need is so great. I hope that cost: $3-3.5 billion depending on location The flows would be lifted through a the House will expeditiously consider this of project water deliveries and alternative project plans. EstJmate based on 1967 price series of dams and/or canals 200 miles matter so that the planning for this great levels and excludes any costs associated with up the Niobrara River in Nebraska to ap­ and urgent task may get underway. slack-water navigation on Missouri River proximately elevation 4,050 feet above Mr. Speaker, I am inserting at this or of providing base load power. sealevel at a point just north of Alliance, point in my remarks a summary of the 2. Possible completion date, initial proj­ Nebr. major features of this proposed project: ect: 1980, allowing 7 years for detailed proj­ ect studies and 5 years for construction of From there, the entire project water A NEW WATER RESOURCE PLAN FOR THE GREAT would flow by gravity in a major can.al initial project fac111tles. Ultimate full de­ PLAINS: MAJOR PROJECT FEATURES velopment dependent upon demand and par­ running almost due south through west­ WATER SUPPLY ticipating project development. ern Nebraska, crossing the North Platte 1. Source: Missouri River below Fort Ran­ River and passing between Sidney and dall Reservoir. Chappel, Nebr.; thence into ea.stern Colo­ 2. Ava1lab111ty: At point of diversion: 13,- rado, crossing the South Platte River 000,000 acre-ft. average annual, 9,000,000 The 90th Congress Winds Up First Ses­ above Julesburg, Frenchm.an Creek above acre-ft. minimum, 16,000,000 acre-ft. maxi­ Holyoke, Colo., the South Fork of the mum. sion With All Its Old Problems and Delivered to participating projects: 10,- Republican River and crossing into west­ 200,000 acre-ft. average annual. Some New Ones, Too ern Kansas above Goodland; thence gen­ 3. Means of diversion and transportation: erally along the Colorado-Kansas border Pumping: Reversible turbines and pumps crossing the Smokey Hill River to about located at dams and/or canals along the EXTENSION OF REMARKS Tribune, Kans., where the canal would length of the Niobrara River from the mouth OF swing back west to cross the Arkansas to Box Butte Reservoir near Alliance, Nebr. River below Lamar, Colo.; thence south Total pumping lift=2,800 feet to elevation HON. EDWARD HUTCHINSON . approximately 4,050 feet. OF MICHIGAN to cross the Cimarron River below Boise Gravity: 940-mlle-long canal from eleva­ City, Okla., the North Canadian River tion 4,050 feet in northwestern Nebraska IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES near the Oklahoma-Texas border, the through eastern Colorado, western Kansas, Thursday, December 14, 1967 Canadian River north and west of Ama­ western Oklahoma and west Texas to eleva­ rillo, Tex.; thence south, crossing the tion 3,660 feet near the Pecos River in New Mr. HUTCHINSON. Mr. Speaker, as Prairie Dog Town Fork of the Red River Mexico. Canal capacity at beginning of proj­ the long first session of the 90th Con­ south of Amarillo and swinging slightly ect=l'T poo cfs. gress comes to a close, I take this op­ south and west through the high plains POWER FEATURES portunity to report to the people of the of west Texas, crossing the upper reaches 1. Pumping power requirements: 35 b1111on Fourth Congressional District of Michi­ of the Brazos River above Lubbock, the kilowatt-hours annually for project pump­ gan on the work of the session. Colorado River near the border of New ing purposes, equivalent to 4,000 mw at 100% The Nation is restless and troubled. Mexico, and finally terminating at eleva­ load factor. This excludes re-pumping water We cannot say that this Congress has tion 3,660 near Hobbs, N. Mex. cycled for peaking purposes. solved any of the problems which beset 2. Pumped storage peaking capacity: As us. Indeed, we have with us all of the A small extension of the main canal much as 3,500 to 5,300 mw of peaking capacity could deliver water by gr,avity to the could be developed as required by the power problems of a year ago plus some new Pecos River near carlsbad, N. Mex., and market. ones. We appear no closer to peace. Our the remainder would flow in natural 3. Other power features: Potential pumped fiscal situation has worsened. While this channels south to the Pecos River below storage project on Prairie Dog Town Fork o! Congress has been meeting we have ex­ Pecos, Tex. Red River southeast of Amarillo, Texas-- perienced riots in the streets. Serious Water delivered to the Pecos River 1,200 mw. Potential power fac111ties installed crime has increased shockingly. We are at participating project reservoirs along troubled with infiation and the highest could flow downstream through a Poten­ route due to increased water supply and on tial power project south of Midland, Tex.• Pecos River below Pecos, Texas. Additional interest rates in 40 years. The moral and where approximately 650 feet of head for energy production at existing and proposed ethical standards of our people are conventional .and pumped storage pawer dams downstream from canal. changing. There is widespread and growing disrespect for law and order. development could be utilized before the PROJECT_BENEFITS It is difficult to point to anything this water finally flows into the Rio Grande 1. Potential irrigable lands in project area: above the Amistad project. 53,000,000 acres. Congress has done to alleviate these dif­ The dtversion of a substantial amount 2. Water benefits: Full and/or supple­ ficulties, plus the many more that have of the flows of the Missouri River as here mental supply to 6,000,000-10,000,000 acres led some to portray this as a sick society. proposed will have no detrimental effect of irrigable land; municipal and industrial Our people are burdened with taxes on any existing or proposed water re­ water supply. Direct annual water benefits­ more excessive than ever before in their $350 million to $450 million. Recharge of memory and still our governments-Fed­ source developments in the upper basin. ground water aquifers. Water quality im­ Downstream water quality control on eral, State, and local-cry out for more in provement on intercepted rivers and streams. order to satisfy the demands of the peo­ the Missouri River is assured in that at 3. Power benefits: Raise of overall sys­ least 3,000,000 acre-feet per year ls tem load factor for all electric systems in ple for services. Our Federal Government planned for release below Sioux City for region to a very high level. Provision of con­ has balanced its budget in but five of the pollution abatement and municipal water siderable on-peak capacity released to meet last 37 years. This Congress has lined up supply requirements. This requirement other system loads when pumping ls inter­ with the 32 rather than the five-and the was determined for the Corps of Engi­ rupted and/or reversed. Additional direct Government continues to operate more neers mainstem operation studies as be­ on-stream hydro and pumped storage proj­ deeply in the red ink than at any time ect capacity, Downstream benefits to other since World War Il. ing adequate with essentially untreated hydro power projects depending on releases sewage being placed in the Missouri River to individual river basins. BUDGET DD'ICIT SWELLS at Omaha and other major papulation 4. Recreation, fish and wildlife benefits: In June it became obvious the Adminis­ centers. ' Direct benefits arising from reservoirs on tration's January estimates of the budget 36840 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE December 14, 1967 deficit had been way out of line. An $8 now takes a dollar to buy what 82 cents our entry into the war and its conduct, billion projected deficit had grown to $28 would buy 10 years ago. Members of Congress overwhelmingly billion. Some estimates put it as high as Massive Federal spending has so great agree it is our duty to provide the very $35 billion for this fiscal year. Thanks an impact on the economy these days best of materiel, equipment, and supplies to some savings effected by the Congress that it is generally agreed a reduction for our troops. At present the cost of the and the Administration-plus a more op­ of the deficit would dampen the fires of war is running about $2 billion a month, timistic prediction of revenues-at ses­ lnflation. The issue between us is how or $24 billion out of the $73 billion de­ sion's end the deficit is estimated at $22 the deficit should be reduced-by an in­ fense budget. billion. crease In taxes or a reduction In spend­ But, aside from being asked to ap­ A budget so far out of balance is eco­ ing. This session saw a determination in prove the expenditure of such vast sums, nomically intolerable. The Congress, on the House to meet the problem by spend­ Congress is accorded no role by the Ad­ reconvening in January, must continue ing cuts but, as I have pointed out, reduc­ ministration in matters of war-or peace. its determined efforts for further cuts in spending. tions were too small to accomplish the This session of Congress extended the purpose and the situation remains ·un­ military draft law another 4 years but Last January the President had pro­ easy. There may be further efforts to made no basic reforms. The President posed in his budget message an income increase taxes in 1968, on the plea that had proposed that Congress merely ex­ tax increase in the form of a 6-percent costs cannot be cut enough to do the tend the law and authorize him to make surtax. Every taxpayer would compute job. such changes as he thought desirable by his Federal income tax, take 6 percent TAXES WERE RAISED Executive order. Congress gave the Presi­ of It and add that to his payment. But The President's income tax proposal dent the extension he requested, made a It was not until August that the Presi­ did not move in 1967. In fact, no bill to few changes in the program by statute dent finally sent his tax message to Con­ accomplish it was even Introduced. But law, but withheld authorization to re­ gress. By then the 6-percent surtax had Americans will stlll pay more taxes. So­ form the system by Executive order. grown to 10 percent-estimated to pro­ cial security taxes, deducted from pay­ duce $7 billion a year in additional A SHDT IN PUBLIC WELFARE POLICY' revenue. checks and matched by employers, will The Social Security Amendments of take $1.4 billion more in 1968 than in 1967 included many provisions having Since it is not possible to erase-or even 1967. This tax increase wlll not reduce cut in half-a $22 billion deficit with a no relationship to the social security pro­ the budget deficit, however. The money gram itself. $7 billion tax increase, the House of goes into a special trust fund and wlll be Representatives began a drive for deep used to finance increased social security A definite shift in public welfare policy cuts in spending. At session's end, the benefits, needed to restore the purchas­ is reflected in many of the amendments, combined efforts of Congress and the Ad­ ing power which lnfiatlon has robbed. especially those having to do with the ministration had reduced spending by Under the 1967 Social Security Amend­ aid to families of dependent children­ about $4 billion-not much out of a $140 ments, old-age benefits will be raised 13 ADC-program. billion spending program. percent, increasing the mlnlmum Under the law, States will be required The inescapable fact remains that the monthly benefit from $44 to $55. to develop counseling, training, and com­ Government will be spending $12 billion This Congress also raised taxes in an­ munity work · programs for adults and more in fiscal 1968 than it did in 1967. other way-through an increase in. post­ work-age, nonschool members of fam­ Some of the added cost cannot be al rates. It will now cost 10 cents per ilies receiving assistance. To encourage avoided, but many of us believe spending ounce for airmail and 6 cents to send a self-sufficiency, a portion of family earn­ could be reduced by at least another $4 ings would be exempt from reduction of billion. first-class letter. Rates for other classes of mail were ADC payments. RAISING THE LID ON THE DEBT also increased, but this added :r:evenue The law establishes a limit on the pro­ When this Congress convened in Janu­ will have virtually no effect on the budg­ portion o:( children under ADC to the ary the national debt limit was $338 bil­ et deficit. The money will go for postal total child population of a State. This lion. Early in the year, however, Con­ pay increases. The same law raised the ratio cannot exceed that reported as of gress was persuaded to raise that ceiling pay of other Government employees, but January 1968. to $365 billion, since the lower limit was not the President, Federal judges, or States also will be required to offer being reached and more money had to Members of Congress. day care and family planning services; be borrowed to permit the Government Competent Government service is de­ to develop programs designed to reduce to pay its bills. As of November 30, the pendent upon well-qualified Government illegitimate births and to establish pa­ debt was $'345.6 billion. employees, skilled and able. The Govern­ ternity in such cases so that support may When the Government spends beyond ment has found that, in order to keep be obtained for illegitimate children. Ad­ its tax revenues the difference must be career civil servants, it must offer com­ ditional Federal funds will be provided borrowed and the debt increased. A gov­ pensation comparable to what they can for these programs. ernment-like a family-may spend more earn in the private sector of the econo­ The new law also establishes limita­ than it takes in for a while, but the time my. The need to raise the wages of Gov­ tions on the medicaid program. The will come when the imbalance must be ernment workers t.o keep them in line various federally assisted State health rectified. . with industrial wage rates 1s forced on plans for low-income persons will be re­ The Government of the United States the Government by the inflationary quired to conform to new income stand­ has been spending beyond,its income for spiral which results from the Govern­ ards for eligibility. To be eligible, a fam­ ~o long that the situation has become ment's own economic policies. Congress ily cannot have combined income greater chronic. Good times or bad, the Ad­ has not succeeded in striking at the root than either 133¥3 percent of the highest ministration believes in giving the econ­ causes of inflation, perhaps because it amount paid to families of the same size omy a tonic, souping it up through def­ has not found them. under ADC, or 133 % percent of the icit spending. Many of us disagree with DEFENSE COSTS SOAR State's average per capita income, which­ such policies. This year saw enactment of the big­ ever is lower. Interest on the national debt will cost gest single money bill in history. It was CRIME AND CIVIL DISORDER taxpayers $15 billion during the current the Defense appropriation b111, totaling The shocking increase in crime, fiscal year. This amount is second only $69,936,620,000, of which some $20 billion throughout America is the most alarming to defense in all of the categories of the was for purposes directly relating to the domestic issue facing us today. budget. Interest costs now total more war in Vietnam. Other appropriation Crime runs rampant through the than the entire Federal budget for any bills boosted the total spending author­ streets and in public and private places. year prior to World War II, except the ized for national defense to $73 billion. The machinery of law enforcement has World War I fiscal year of 1919. Only in the matter of supplying our been hobbled. In many cases, police of­ The specter of inflation-rapid in• troops does this Administration recognize ficers can no longer do their duty nor creases in the cost of living-has alarmed any dependency upon Congress as far can prosecutors bring the accused to us intermittently throughout the year. as the war in Vietnam is concerned. This trial. The criminal element in society, Consumer prices were at record highs at responsibility Congress is meeting with­ grown bold by recent judicial decisions, the end of November when we learned it out stint. Regardless of differences over puts the forces of law and order on the December 14, 1967 CONGRESSIE>NAL ~CORD ::-- SENATE 36841 defensive. The people rightly demand NO HELP FOR FARMERS ditional strength it has given our protection. Despite obvious faults and shortcom­ Nation. Despite this, not one anticrime meas­ ings in U.S. farm policies which-com­ Our space program is costly, but the ure-excepting those pertaining exclu­ bined with other economic factors-­ cost of abandoning space to other na­ sively to the District of Columbia-has forced the parity ratio during 1967 to its tions is far greater. This Nation, founded been enacted during this long 1967 ses­ lowest point since the depression years as a new world by a brave explorer sion. The House wrote a comprehensive of the 1930's, Congress offered no prom­ stands, in the President's words, "at th; bill for assisting the States in law en­ ise of legislative relief to the American gateway to another and more glorious forcement and passed it over to the Sen­ farmer. Present farm policies are locked­ new world." As did that first brave ad­ ate, where no legislation on the subject in through the 1969 crop,year, under the venturer, Americans must accept the has reached the :floor. 4-year program enacted in 1965. challenges of its generation. Now the bill passed by the House was Two other issues upon which Members To do otherwise would be to betray quite different from that which had been of the House of Representatives have no our ideals as a people, to undermine our proposed by the Administration, but it vote under the Constitution, but which role as the free world's leader, and to was effective legislation, and in the view prompted a great deal of mail from turn against the American heritage of of the majority of the House, a far better residents of the Fourth Congressional adventure. piece of legislation than the Attorney District, were the Russian Consular and President Johnson well stat.ed Ainer­ General had asked for. In spite of the Panama Canal Treaties. urgency, however, the Administration ica's determination to choose the promise The Consular Treaty with the U.S.S.R. of tomorrow over the memory of yest.er­ chooses not to press for Senate action. was ratified by the Senate in March but The same fate has befallen a House­ day in telling the dedicated Americans at has not yet been approved by Russia. the Michaud Assembly Facility that-- passed bill which would make it a Fed­ The proposed new treaty with Panama eral crime to cross State lines or use fa­ We will not abandon our dream. We wlll has yet to be submitted to the Senate never evacuate the frontiers of space to any cilities in interstate commerce with in­ for its advice and consent, since the other nation. tent to incite or promote riot. treaty met with no better reception in Criminal law enforcement tradition­ Panama than it did in the United States. I am proud that the people of Louisi­ ally has been and should continue to be If this session of Congress broke no ana are contributing so greatly toward primarily a State and local function. But other records, it did produce the largest making America's dream a reality. crime which crosses State lines in its number of rollcalls in history. By the And I am glad the President made such conspiracy or commission is wholly ap­ end of the session day of December 13, strong statements in behalf of the space propriate for Federal action. This Con­ a total of 441 rollcalls had been recorded. program. Many at Michoud were wonder­ gress has yet to attack in force organized I have been diligent in my attendance ing what the future held in store for crime which operat.es in more than one and am proud to report that, out of 201 them. But the President's strong words Stat.e. quorum calls, I answered to 196, and out have assured them of the continuation of Congress could also establish law en­ of 240 record votes, I voted on 236 of the program at Michaud. forcement academies--as we have long them. I missed no major votes. President Johnson's speech to the maintained military service schools--to workers at Michoud, consisting of em­ upgrade law enforcement as a profes­ ployees of Chrysler, Boeing, Mason Rust, sion. Federal help in improving police and NASA, was very forceful and posi­ networks for the exchange of informa­ President Johnson Speaks at Michoud tive. His visit answered many questions tion could be provided without weaken­ as to the future and stability of the space ing the essentially local character of law Space Assembly Facility, Michoud, program, with specific relation to the enforcement. But a new respect for law La. future of the Michaud Assembly Facility. and order must be generated in our com­ There was no doubt as to what the munities. It cannot be generated from EXTENSION OF REMARKS President said and no mincing of words. Washington. He made a fiat statement that he is From 1961through1967, civil disorders OF solidly behind the space program for in American cities and towns increased which I personally thank him. steadily both in frequency of outbreaks HON. F. EDWARD HEBERT and severity. Even more violent outbursts OF LOUISIANA There was no equivocation of his words IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of affirmation, and if the President are threatened in the future. At the time translates those words into action, I am of last summer's rioting in Newark and Thursday, December 14. 1967 Detroit, legislation was introduced call­ sure the people of Louisiana, and specifl­ ing for Congressional investigations into Mr. HEBERT. Mr. Speaker, President cally the people who work at Michoud the causes of the rebellious activity, so Johnson's stirring address at the and reside for the most part in the First, that legislation could be draft.ed to elim­ Michaud Assembly Facility in Louisiana Second, and Sixth Congressional Dis­ inate it. At the same time, however, the was a renewed pledge to keep the Unit.ed tricts, will be most grateful. President appoint.ed a Commission on States the world's space pioneer. His speech, while I did not personally Civil Disorders. When the Presidential In less than the span of a lifetime, hear it, but since have read it and have Commission began its work, further effort America has advanced from the Wright heard reports on it from many people for Congressional investigations ceased, brothers' first plane to a supersonic who did hear it, left no vacuum as to his and Congress awaits the report of the space age. In the 9 short years since then position. Commission, expected next March. Senator Lyndon Johnson first intro­ For my part, as a Member of Congress, Hopefully, the second session of the duced the Aeronautics and Space Act of I shall support all efforts which he may 90th Congress will act promptly to create 1958, we have launched satellit.es to make to obtain the full amount of funds law enforcement tools to the extent of watch the world's weather, link whole needed to carry on this program from its constitutional authority; and State continents in an intricat.e communica­ which :flows productive dollars on which legislatures will likewise respond to meet tions network, map the moon, place full taxes are paid. the :problem within their States. astronauts into space, and explore the I believe it important that the entire ACT ON AIR POLLUTION full reaches of the universe. Congress know and understand the posi­ There are some doubters who say that tion the President has taken on the space Just as the last Congress made prog­ the world's mightest nation cannot sup­ program, and his full commitment and ress in the effort against pollution in our full pledge to the ultimate objectives. lakes and streams, so the 90th has acted port a space effort, and that the effort for clean air. is too costly. The President of the Unit.ed States The Congress also enacted the first Our space program is costly but it has was most generous last Tuesday-De­ new Federal meat inspection law in 60 repaid our investment twentyfold. Its cember 12-in doing the Louisiana dele­ years. Major health legislation was value can be measured in the enrich­ gation and myself the honor of pausing passed, extending both the partnership ment of our lives, the stimulation to our in my district at the site of the Michoud for health and mental retardation pro­ economy, the increased knowledge for Assembly Facility, which is an int.egral grams through 1970. our schools and industries, and the ad- part of the space program. 36842 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE December 14, 1967 Here is the text of the President's We have fiown our astronauts in orbit for So we wm advance in space to the extent as long as 14 days. They have begun to learn that our people and their representatives speech, ma.de at Michoud, in my district: how men can live and work in space. are prepared for us to advance and are pre­ REMARKS OF THE PBEsIDENT AT MlCHOUD SPACE We have perfected our technology. Thirteen pared to pay the cost of that advance. We AsSEMBLY FACll.ITY, MlCHOUD, LA., DECEX• Sa.turn vehicles have been launched without may not always proceed at the pace we de­ BER 12, 1967 a. single failure. You hear about the bad sire. I regret that there have been reductions Governor McKeithen, Mr. Mayor, Director things; now let's talk a.bout the good things. a.nd there wm be more. There have been in­ Webb, Captain Schirra and Captain Cun­ On behalf of this very proud Nation, and terruptions, and I hope that we have had all ningham, Dr. Von Braun, the able leaders of as your President, I have come here to say we can take. But I do have faith and con­ Chrysler and Boeing and the working people on behalf of the American people that we fidence in the American people. in this group, ladles and gentlemen. thank you good people of New Orleans and We are a.11 the descendants of those voy­ Governor McKeithen and I had our hearts Louisiana for helping to bring these miracles agers who found and settled the New World. swelled with pride as we rode through this about. We thank you for your skill, your We Americans are the first to really enter great operation and saw the technical fac111- loyalty, and your dedication to your country and the first to understand the 20th Century. ties and development that you men and that gives such blessings to all America. Today we stand here at the gateway to women have produced. But you have done more than paved man's another and a more glorious new world. Senators Ellender, Long and Hale Boggs­ road to the stars. Much of what you do stays We wm not surrender our station. We wm who gave my daughter a wedding party the here at home to enrich our lives, improve not abandon our dream. We wm never evac­ other evening-Congressman H~bert and our economy, and add to our strength. uate the frontiers of space to a.ny other others have insisted I come to Louisiana to Your Apollo program wm send men to the nation. see what you had here. But little did I realize moon. It wm also help your industry, our We just must be the space pioneers who how mammoth it was and how much you universities, and our Nation to develop the lead the way to the stars. have done and are doing. knowledge that we need-that we are going To Capt. Schirra and Mr. Cunningham, Governor McKeithen, being a farm boy to have to have-if we survive in the 20th and their associates, particularly to Direc­ from out in the sticks, looked up to me and Century. tor Jim Webb and Dr. Von Braun, and to all said, "Mr. President, this place would really We are just beginning, really, to grasp the of you in the great State of Louisiana, who hold a lot of hay, wouldn't it?" responslb1litles and the opportunities of have worked your hearts out to make this a I said, "Governor, I don't know how much space. We are just beginning to realize its success, to the great managers of this opera­ hay it wm hold. It has been a long time since meaning for the needs here on earth. tion, Governor McKelthen, I say on behalf of I bought hay. But I do think it would have I was talking to Governor McKeithen rid­ not just the State of Louisiana, but the been big enough to invite all of my friends to ing through a moment ago. We have in­ States of this Nation, a.11 49 of them-we a.re the wedding." I don't think that we could vested some $20 b1llion in the past 10 years. very proud of our space program. buy them champagne if we got this many But the value to our Nation of this $20 bil­ lion and this successful space program may We are very proud of our astronauts a.nd there. But it ls big enough-Alaska is big the industrial genius that supports them. enough to do whatever needs to be done. be millions of times greater than the in­ vestment we made. Who knows now, when We are very proud of the good people of It was 64 years ago this week that Bishop Louisiana for what they have built a.nd for Wright of the United Brethren Church in we have only lifted the first veil from the mysterious and the miraculous? - the reoord that they w111 establish. Dayton, Ohio received a telegram. This tele­ Thank you very much. gram was from his two sons who were vaca­ But think of the cost to us if we were not tioning on the seashore. in space-if we failed to support a program Just how terrific an impact the Pres­ That telegram began: that is worthy of the wealthiest nation in ident's speech at Michoud had is dra• · "Success four :tllghts Thursday morning. history. What would that say about Amer­ ica's vested system of government? What matically reflected in the following news All against 21 mile wind. Started from level story which appeared in the New Orleans with engine power alone. Average speed would that say about our leadership in the through air 81 miles. Longest, 57 seconds." world if we brought up the tail end? Times-Picayune. The next line said: Think of the cost to America, compounded The reaction is only one of many in the "Inform press." again and again, if we had abandoned the news media of New Orleans, but reflects The figures were a llttle otr. The wind was determination to master technology-when the stimulating infiuence which the Pres­ 27 mlles, not 21. The longest flight time was it is so vital, not only to our prosperity but ident's speech had on the workers at 12 seconds, not 57. But this was blamed on it ls vital to our very national security. Michoud and in the communities of the the telegraph operator, Governor, lately. But It ls because of you that we have not failed. It is because of you that the national area. this telegraph operator said he couldn't read The President's appe~rance, speech Orv1lle Wright's handwriting. effort that we launched in 1961-lt is be­ cause of this investment, our foresight and and reassurance on the future of the But the fact remains that the two young sacrifices-that Americans can today watch space program was undoubtedly the best bicycle mechanics from Dayton, Ohio had the moon rise and the stars move through designed and fiown the first practical air­ Christmas gift he could have given to the heavens without great fear. the dedicated men and women who make plane. Not long ago we had to stand by and watch Standing here, in this great mammoth other countries accomplish what we could up the space facility community. center, it is hard to belleve tha.t we have not accomplish. I wm never forget the days This news story, which I insert here, come so far and we have come so fast-from of Sputnik-1 and Sputnik-2, and the real reflects the reaction to the President's the Wright brothers on the sands of Jim concern. You talk about concerned people; most welcome and timely visit to the Webb's native North Ca.rollna. to this amaz­ they were concerned during that period. Michoud Assembly Facility in New Or­ ing space complex here in the freedom-loving We were the most scientifically advanced leans: State of Louisiana. nation on the face of the earth but we did What a. leap in less than one human life­ not launch man's first earth satellite. [From the New Orleans (La.) Times-Pica­ time. From a voyage o! 120 !eet to a trip to We were backward because we did not yune. Dec. 14, 1967) the moon. And we are still soaring. We have choose to adventure. We did not choose to MlCHOUD WORKERS' SPIRIT LIFTED BY JOHNSON started a journey from which there can be have vision. We did not choose to look for­ SPEECH-a,042 JOBS ARE SECURE UNTll. MAY and there wm be no turning back. ward. Now let us remember that our future 1970 We have come a. long way-il.nd much of achlevements-<>r our future failures-will President Lyndon B. Johnson's speech here that journey has been made in the la.st ten depend on how far a.head we choose to look Tuesday gave a. definite boost to spirlts of years. Ten years ago, we could put scarcely and how far ahead we choose to think. employee o! the NASA-Michoud Assembly 100 pounds into orbit about the earth. Today If we think second, and if we look third, Faoillty. we ca.n orbit 285,000 pounds. That is progress. then we are going to wind up not being first. The employee, numbering some 8,042 in all That is something I am proud of a.nd that is I hope you hear me-that man will make operations as compared with the peak em­ something you are proud of. That is some­ space his domain is inevitable. Whether ployment high of 11,964 May 17, 1965, have thing we are doing together. America will lead mankind to that destiny secure jobs untll at least May of 1970. In the nine years since I :first introduced in does not depend on your abWty, but it de­ However, the President, along with Jam.es the United States Sena.te the Aeronautics and pends on our vision, our wllllngness, and our Webb, head of the Space Administration, who Space Act of 1958, we have seen the power of national will and determination. introduced the President, left much room our rocket engines increase 50 times--!rom This g·reat pilgrimage of man-like all his far opt1m1sm that the current contract.s for 160,000 to 7,500,000 pounds o! thrust in the a.clventures---co&ts money. Christopher Co­ Mlchoud production, now at $1.5 bllllon, Will engines that you build here. lumbus spent more years trying to find be extended. There were certainly no hints We have satellites watching the world's money for his voyage than he spent discover­ of contract cancellations. weather. ing the new world. In the modern world, we Although there has been a decrease of 3,952 We have communications satellites llnk1ng can no longer depend on a Queen Isabella from the peak employment in 1965, the NASA all the continent.a into a community of pawning her Jewels. We have to depend on public relations omce at Micb.oud reported nations. taxes. We must have the revenues that only that some of those not employed now were We have mapped the moon already. Congress can grant through taxes. construction workers and planning personnel

l December 15, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE 36843 no longer needed after production operations Division: 208 and 283. (This ls the Slidell a contract to May of 1970 for 12 Uprated began full blast. NASA computer operation). Sa.turn I first stages. FIGURES GIVEN The current Boeing contract calls for as- Mason-Rust's contract terminates at Dec. Em.ployment figures, citing the May, 1965, sembly of Sa.turn V first stages and will con­ 31 of this year, but Will be extended under a tota.l first and then the current figures, fol- tinue through December of 1970. one-year option program exercised by NASA. low: EXTENSION POSSIBLE Said one Michoud omcial, "The President The Boeing Launch Systems Branch: 7,236 The Chrysler contract is for Uprated Sat- deflnltely provided a lift for spirits of work­ ers here in the plant. His speech was extreme­ ~~S~sler Corp. Space Division: 3,350 urn I first stages until May of 1970. However, ly well received, and there was nothing nega­ and 2,255. NASA has begun procurement of "long lead- tive about it." Mason-Rust (maintenance and house- items" for four additional Sa.turn I first Although President Johnson hinted that keeping): 920 and 763. stages. Should this contract be authoriz.ed, the employes might not expect to "jump National Aeronautics and Space Adminis- it would extend the Chrysler contract for at back" into accelerated space programs as in tration: 280 and 231. least one year additional. the past, he was emphatic in declaring be­ The Telecomputer Services, now known as Boeing's contract runs to December of 1970 yond a doubt that the United States Will the Ling-Temco-Vought Inc. Range Systems and is for 15 Saturn V first stages along With continue in its space program.

MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT­ mate of appropriation; to the Committee on SENATE APPROVAL OF BILL Appropriations. A letter from the Director, Bureau of the FRIDAY, DECEMBER 15, 1967 Messages in writing from the Presi­ Budget, Executive omce of the President, re­ dent of the United States were commu­ porting, pursuant to law, that the appro­ The Senate met at 9 a.m., and was nicated to the Senate by Mr. Jones, one priation to the Veterans' Administration for called to order by the President pro of his secretaries, and he announced "Compensation and pensions" for the fiscal that on December 14, 1967, the President year 1968, has been apportioned on a basis tempo re. which indicates the necessity for a supple­ The Chaplain, Rev. Frederick Brown had approved and signed the act CS. mental estimate of appropriation; to the Harris, D.D., offered the following 1003) to amend the Flammable Fabrics Committee on Appropriations. prayer: Act to increase the protection afforded consumers against injurious flammable LIMITATION O:r SHIPOWNERS' LlABn.rry FOR Eternal Spirit, amid the tensions of fabrics. PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH these terrific days we seek in Thy pres­ A letter from the Secretary of Transpor­ ence a saving experience of inner quiet tation and the Acting Secretary of Com­ and certainty. EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED merce, transmitting a draft of proposed leg­ We thank Thee that this is our Amer­ islation to repeal the laws authorizing llm1- ica, and that amid all the contentions and As in executive session, tation of shipowners' 11ab111ty for personal The PRESIDING OFFICER laid be­ injury or death (With an accompanying pa­ convulsions of these volcanic days, what­ per); to the Committee on Commerce. ever be the verdict of the people, still we fore the Senate messages from the Pres­ ident of the· United States submitting RECOMMENDATONS OJ' GENERAL CONJ'ERENCB can say with 'utter confidence-God llves or UNESCO and the Government at Washington still sundry nominations, which were referred to the Committee on Post omce and Civil A letter from the Assistant Secretary for stands, and with Thy help will continue Congressional Relations, Department of to stand as the beacon light of truth for Service. State, transmitting, pursuant to law, a rec­ all the earth.