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Coelenterata: Anthozoa), with Diagnoses of New Taxa
PROC. BIOL. SOC. WASH. 94(3), 1981, pp. 902-947 KEY TO THE GENERA OF OCTOCORALLIA EXCLUSIVE OF PENNATULACEA (COELENTERATA: ANTHOZOA), WITH DIAGNOSES OF NEW TAXA Frederick M. Bayer Abstract.—A serial key to the genera of Octocorallia exclusive of the Pennatulacea is presented. New taxa introduced are Olindagorgia, new genus for Pseudopterogorgia marcgravii Bayer; Nicaule, new genus for N. crucifera, new species; and Lytreia, new genus for Thesea plana Deich- mann. Ideogorgia is proposed as a replacement ñame for Dendrogorgia Simpson, 1910, not Duchassaing, 1870, and Helicogorgia for Hicksonella Simpson, December 1910, not Nutting, May 1910. A revised classification is provided. Introduction The key presented here was an essential outgrowth of work on a general revisión of the octocoral fauna of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. The far-reaching zoogeographical affinities of this fauna made it impossible in the course of this study to ignore genera from any part of the world, and it soon became clear that many of them require redefinition according to modern taxonomic standards. Therefore, the type-species of as many genera as possible have been examined, often on the basis of original type material, and a fully illustrated generic revisión is in course of preparation as an essential first stage in the redescription of western Atlantic species. The key prepared to accompany this generic review has now reached a stage that would benefit from a broader and more objective testing under practical conditions than is possible in one laboratory. For this reason, and in order to make the results of this long-term study available, even in provisional form, not only to specialists but also to the growing number of ecologists, biochemists, and physiologists interested in octocorals, the key is now pre- sented in condensed form with minimal illustration. -
Deep‐Sea Coral Taxa in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico: Depth and Geographical Distribution
Deep‐Sea Coral Taxa in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico: Depth and Geographical Distribution by Peter J. Etnoyer1 and Stephen D. Cairns2 1. NOAA Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Charleston, SC 2. National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC This annex to the U.S. Gulf of Mexico chapter in “The State of Deep‐Sea Coral Ecosystems of the United States” provides a list of deep‐sea coral taxa in the Phylum Cnidaria, Classes Anthozoa and Hydrozoa, known to occur in the waters of the Gulf of Mexico (Figure 1). Deep‐sea corals are defined as azooxanthellate, heterotrophic coral species occurring in waters 50 m deep or more. Details are provided on the vertical and geographic extent of each species (Table 1). This list is adapted from species lists presented in ʺBiodiversity of the Gulf of Mexicoʺ (Felder & Camp 2009), which inventoried species found throughout the entire Gulf of Mexico including areas outside U.S. waters. Taxonomic names are generally those currently accepted in the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS), and are arranged by order, and alphabetically within order by suborder (if applicable), family, genus, and species. Data sources (references) listed are those principally used to establish geographic and depth distribution. Only those species found within the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Exclusive Economic Zone are presented here. Information from recent studies that have expanded the known range of species into the U.S. Gulf of Mexico have been included. The total number of species of deep‐sea corals documented for the U.S. -
Cop12 Doc. 10.3 (Rev
CoP12 Doc. 10.3 (Rev. 1) CONVENCIÓN SOBRE EL COMERCIO INTERNACIONAL DE ESPECIES AMENAZADAS DE FAUNA Y FLORA SILVESTRES ____________________ Duodécima reunión de la Conferencia de las Partes Santiago (Chile), 3-15 de noviembre de 2002 Cuestiones estratégicas y administrativas Informes y recomendaciones de los Comités INFORME DEL COMITÉ DE NOMENCLATURA Introducción 1. En su 10a. reunión (Harare, 1997), la Conferencia de las Partes designó zoólogo del Comité de Nomenclatura (CN) al Dr. Marinus S. Hoogmoed, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Leiden (Países Bajos), y botánico al Sr. Noel McGough, Real Jardín Botánico de Kew (Reino Unido de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda del Norte). En la 11a. reunión de la Conferencia de las Partes (CdP11, Gigiri, 2000) fueron confirmados. Realizaron sus funciones con arreglo a lo especificado en la Resolución Conf. 11.1 sobre el Establecimiento de comités, y de acuerdo con las Decisiones 11.119 en relación con el programa de trabajo y 11.120 en relación con la nomenclatura de anfibios. 2. El CN desea aprovechar la ocasión para invitar de nuevo a las Partes a formular sugerencias sobre los nombres y el ámbito de competencia de especialistas que pueden hacer aportaciones en el cumplimiento de las responsabilidades asignadas por las Partes al CN. 3. Este informe se presenta en tres partes: una introducción, nomenclatura de fauna y nomenclatura de flora. Cada Parte abarca las principales actividades desde la CdP11, incluidas notables consultas recibidas desde la CdP11, el programa de trabajo propuesto para el próximo período y un presupuesto de funcionamiento propuesto. 4. Las recomendaciones del CN, en que se solicitan decisiones de la Conferencia de las Partes (CdP), figuran en los Anexos 1, 2 y 3 al presente documento. -
Speciation, Evolution and Phylogeny of Some Shallow-Water Octocorals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa)
Speciation, Evolution and Phylogeny of some Shallow-water Octocorals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Fakultät für Geowissenschaften der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München vorgelegt von Angelo Poliseno München, June 14, 2016 Betreuer: Prof. Dr. Gert Wörheide Zweitgutachter: Prof. Dr. Michael Schrödl Datum der mündlichen Prüfung: 20.09.2016 “Ipse manus hausta victrices abluit unda, anguiferumque caput dura ne laedat harena, mollit humum foliis natasque sub aequore virgas sternit et inponit Phorcynidos ora Medusae. Virga recens bibulaque etiamnum viva medulla vim rapuit monstri tactuque induruit huius percepitque novum ramis et fronde rigorem. At pelagi nymphae factum mirabile temptant pluribus in virgis et idem contingere gaudent seminaque ex illis iterant iactata per undas: nunc quoque curaliis eadem natura remansit, duritiam tacto capiant ut ab aere quodque vimen in aequore erat, fiat super aequora saxum” (Ovidio, Metamorphoseon 4, 740-752) iii iv Table of Contents Acknowledgements ix Summary xi Introduction 1 Octocorallia: general information 1 Origin of octocorals and fossil records 3 Ecology and symbioses 5 Reproductive strategies 6 Classification and systematic 6 Molecular markers and phylogeny 8 Aims of the study 9 Author Contributions 11 Chapter 1 Rapid molecular phylodiversity survey of Western Australian soft- corals: Lobophytum and Sarcophyton species delimitation and symbiont diversity 17 1.1 Introduction 19 1.2 Material and methods 20 1.2.1 Sample collection and identification 20 1.2.2 -
North Atlantic Octocorals: Distribution, Ecology and Phylogenetics
University of Southampton Research Repository ePrints Soton Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", University of Southampton, name of the University School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination http://eprints.soton.ac.uk University of Southampton North Atlantic octocorals: Distribution, Ecology and Phylogenetics. By Kirsty Janet Morris A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Natural and Environmental Science School of Ocean and Earth Sciences. October 2011 1 Declaration of Authorship I, Kirsty Janet Morris, declare that this thesis titled, “North Atlantic octocorals: Distribution, Ecology and Phylogenetics” and the work presented in it are my own. I confirm that: This work was done wholly or mainly while in candidature for a research degree at this University. Where any part of this thesis has previously been submitted for a degree or any other qualification at this University or any other institution, this has been clearly stated. Where I have consulted the published work of others, this is always clearly attributed. -
Class Anthozoa Ehrenberg, 1834. In: Zhang, Z.-Q
Class Anthozoa Ehrenberg, 18341 (2 subclasses)2 Subclass Hexacorallia Haeckel, 1866 (6 orders) Order Actiniaria Hertwig, 1882 (3 suborders)3 Suborder Endocoelantheae Carlgren, 1925 (2 families) Family Actinernidae Stephenson, 1922 (4 genera, 7 species) Family Halcuriidae Carlgren, 1918 (2 genera, 10 species) Suborder Nynantheae Carlgren, 1899 (3 infraorders) Infraorder Boloceroidaria Carlgren, 1924 (2 families) Family Boloceroididae Carlgren, 1924 (3 genera, 9 species) Family Nevadneidae Carlgren, 1925 (1 genus, 1 species) Infraorder Thenaria Carlgren, 1899 Acontiaria (14 families) Family Acontiophoridae Carlgren, 1938 (3 genera, 5 species) Family Aiptasiidae Carlgren, 1924 (6 genera, 26 species) Family Aiptasiomorphidae Carlgren, 1949 (1 genus, 4 species) Family Antipodactinidae Rodríguez, López-González, & Daly, 2009 (1 genus, 2 species)4 Family Bathyphelliidae Carlgren, 1932 (5 genera, 9 species) Family Diadumenidae Stephenson, 1920 (1 genus, 9 species) Family Haliplanellidae Hand, 1956 (1 genus, 1 species)5 Family Hormathiidae Carlgren, 1932 (20 genera, 131 species) Family Isophelliidae Stephenson, 1935 (7 genera, 46 species) Family Kadosactinidae Riemann-Zürneck, 1991 (2 genera, 6 species) Family Metridiidae Carlgren, 1893 (2 genera, 7 species) Family Nemanthidae Carlgren, 1940 (1 genus, 3 species) Family Sagartiidae Gosse, 1858 (17 genera, 105 species) Family Sagartiomorphidae Carlgren, 1934 (1 genus, 1 species) incertae sedis (3 genera, 5 species) Endomyaria (13 families) Family Actiniidae Rafinesque, 1815 (55 genera, 328 species) -
Marine Ecology Progress Series 397:7–10 (2009)
The following supplements accompany the article Influence of Frederick (Ted) M. Bayer on deep-water octocoral research Stephen D. Cairns* Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington, DC 20560, USA *Email: [email protected] Marine Ecology Progress Series 397:7–10 (2009) Supplement 1 Annotated list of publications by Frederick M. Bayer. (*indicates a paper on Octocorallia; **indicates a paper on deep-water Octocorallia; annotations bracketed) **Bayer FM (1941) Notes on Florida Mollusca, with descrip- steamer ‘Albatross’ (1. Alcyonacea, Stolonifera, Telesta- tions of two new varieties. Nautilus 55:43–46, pl 3, figs cea). Pac Sci 6(2):126–136, 8 figs [Part 2 is Bayer (1956a), 10–11 but Part 3 on the holaxonians was never published] **Bayer FM (1942a) Observations on Mitra florida Gould. **Bayer FM (1952c) Two new species of Arthrogorgia (Gorgo- Nautilus 55:77–80, 1 pl nacea: Primnoidae) from the Aleutian Islands region. Proc **Bayer FM (1942b) The type locality and dates of Pecten Biol Soc Wash 65:63–70, 2 pls imbricatus mildredae Bayer. Nautilus 55:106 **Bayer FM (1952d) New western Atlantic records of octoco- **Bayer FM (1943a) Observations on marine Mollusca, with rals (Coelenterata: Anthozoa), with descriptions of three descriptions of new species. Nautilus 56:109–115, pl 14 new species. J Wash Acad Sci 42:183–189, 1 fig **Bayer FM (1943b) The Florida species of the family Chami- **Bayer FM (1953) Zoogeography and evolution in the octo- dae. Nautilus 56:116–123, pls 13, 15 corallian family Gorgoniidae. Bull Mar Sci Gulf Carib 3(2): **Bayer FM, Neurohr GN (1946) Life on a tropical Pacific reef. -
Octocorallia (Cnidaria) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp
Cairns, S. D. and F. M. Bayer. 2009. Octocorallia (Cnidaria) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 321–331 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M University Press, College Station, Texas. •13 Octocorallia (Cnidaria) of the Gulf of Mexico Stephen D. Cairns and Frederick M. Bayer Members of the subclass Octocorallia, sometimes referred to as the subclass Alcyonaria, are sedentary, colonial, exclusively polypoid Anthozoa, each with feeding polyps bearing 8 unpaired, pinnate tentacles and 8 gastric mes- enteries. All species have numerous, usually microscopic, calcareous (calcitic) skeletal elements called sclerites in their tissue; most arborescent species also have a calcified (aragonitic or calcitic) or collagenous skeleton that pro- vides axial support for the colony. In the vernacular, octo- corals are known as gorgonians, soft corals, sea fans, sea whips, sea feathers, sea pens, bamboo corals, and precious corals (Cairns et al. 2002). An illustrated synthesis of the classification, morphol- ogy, biology, and methods of study of this subclass was published by Bayer (1956) just 2 years after the first edi- tion of the Gulf checklist, and remains the modern start- ing point for serious study of the group. Other seminal works on this subclass include an illustrated key to all gen- Octocorallia. After Wright and Studer 1889. era (exclusive of the pennatulids; Bayer 1981b); a bibli- ography of over 1400 octocoral references (Bayer 1981a), which includes 110 references to octocorals of the west- thesize information on the octocorals of the Gulf, most of ern Atlantic; an illustrated trilingual glossary of mor- the new information since 1954 having resulted from inci- phological terms applied to octocorals (Bayer, Grasshoff, dental reports from studies of other regions (see check- and Verseveldt 1983); and a key and descriptions of the list, references). -
State of Deep Coral Ecosystems of the United States
STATE OF DEEP CORAL ECOSYSTEMS OF THE UNITED STATES STATE OF DEEP CORAL ECOSYSTEMS OF THE UNITED STATES: INTRODUCTION AND NATIONAL OVERVIEW Thomas F. Hourigan1, S. Elizabeth Lumsden1, Gabrielle Dorr2, Andrew W. Bruckner1, Sandra Brooke3, Robert P. Stone4 INTRODUCTION thrive on continental shelves and slopes around the world, sometimes thousands of meters Coral reefs are among the most spectacular below the ocean’s surface. These communities ecosystems on the planet, supporting such rich are structured by deep corals, also referred to biodiversity and high density of marine life that as “deep-sea corals” or “cold-water corals,” and they have been referred to as the “rainforests are found in all the world’s oceans. Unlike the of the sea.” These ecosystems are usually well-studied shallow-water tropical corals, these associated with warm shallow tropical seas, corals inhabit deeper waters on continental generally within recreational diving depths (30 shelves, slopes, canyons, and seamounts in m or less). However other coral communities waters ranging from 50 m to over 3,000 m in INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW Figure . An Alaskan “coral garden” with several 1NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service, species of soft corals, hydrocorals, hydroids, and Office of Habitat Conservation demosponges. Photo credit: Alberto Lindner 1315 East West Hwy SIlver Spring, MD 20910 2NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service, depth. A few species also extend into shallower, Southwest Regional Office cold waters in the northern latitudes (Figure 1.1). 3 Ocean Research and Conservation Association, Deep coral habitats appear to be much more Fort Pierce, Florida 34949 extensive and important than previously known, 4Auke Bay Laboratory, National Marine particularly with respect to supporting biologically Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, diverse faunal assemblages (Wilkinson 2004; 11305 Glacier Highway, Juneau, Alaska 99801-8626 Roberts et al. -
Frederick M. Bayer
THE HELIOPORACEAN OCTOCORAL EPIPHAXUM, RECENT AND FOSSIL A Monographic Iconography Frederick M. Bayer ABSTRACT Recent and fossil specimens of Epipha.xum Lonsdale were examined and two species from the Recent fauna, one from the western Atlantic and the other from the western Indian Ocean, are described as new and compared with E. auloporoides Lonsdale from the Danian of Denmark and E . micropora (Bayer and Muzik) from the Recent of the western Atlantic. Gross morphology of all specimens is extensively illustrated by stereoscopic scanning electron micrographs. Sclerites from two colonies of the new Recent species from the western Atlantic are illustrated by scanning electron micrographs. Diversity of crystal microstructure of skel eton and sclerites of Epiphaxum also is illustrated by SEM and compared with other octocoral taxa. Taxonomic significance of skeletal microstructure is discussed. The unique type colony of Epiphaxum auloporoides Lonsdale (1850) from the Sussex Chalk consisted only of narrow, creeping stolons attached to the test of a spatangoid echinoid. Voigt ( 19 58) convincingly demonstrated that Nielsen's ( 1925) Primnoa gracilis from the Bryozoan Chalk of Fakse represents detached calyces of Epiphaxum auloporoides rather than the axes of a primnoid gorgonian. Spec imens of Primnoa gracilis received from the Mineralogical and Geological Mu seum of the University of Copenhagen show that it is undoubtedly congeneric with Epiphaxum. Lonsdale's (1850) original illustrations leave little doubt that Epiphaxum au loporoides is congeneric with Lithotelesto micropora Bayer and Muzik, 1977 (Bay er, 1979). Accordingly, the genus Lithotelesto Bayer and Muzik, 1977, was reduced to synonymy of Epiphaxum but, in the absence of conclusive evidence to the contrary, the species Lithotelesto micropora was retained as valid in the genus Epiphaxum. -
Coral Reefs in India Status Threats and Conservation Measures
Editors J R Bhatt J K Patterson Edward D J Macintosh B P Nilaratna Coral reefs in India status threats and conservation measures Editors J R Bhatt J K Patterson Edward D J Macintosh B P Nilaratna Produced by the Mangroves for the Future (MFF) India 20, Anand Lok, August Kranti Marg, New Delhi - 110 049 with financial support from Norad and Sida © 2012 IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources ISBN 978-2-8317-1262-8 Citation: conservation measures / ed. by Bhatt, J.R., Patterson Edward, J.K., Macintosh D.J. and Nilaratna, B.P.,Coral IUCN India. x, 305pp + colour photographs. Includes scientific articles, bibliography and indices reefs 1. Coral status and conservation in 2. Coral associates 3. India Reproduction, recruitment and restoration 4. Coral environment and threats. - status, threats and All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior permission of the IUCN and MFF. The designation of geographical entities in this book, and presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) or the Mangroves for the Future (MFF) Initiative or Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF), Government of India concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of IUCN or the MFF Initiative or MoEF, nor does citing of trade names or commercial processes constitute endorsement. -
Cop12 Doc. 10.3 (Rev
CoP12 Doc. 10.3 (Rev. 1) CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA ____________________ Twelfth meeting of the Conference of the Parties Santiago (Chile), 3-15 November 2002 Strategic and administrative matters Committee reports and recommendations NOMENCLATURE COMMITTEE REPORT Introduction 1. At its 10th meeting (Harare, 1997), the Conference of the Parties appointed Dr Marinus S. Hoogmoed, National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, the Netherlands, as the zoologist of the Nomenclature Committee (NC), and Mr Noel McGough, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland as its botanist. At the 11th meeting of the Conference of the Parties (CoP11, Gigiri, 2000), they were reappointed. They carried out their duties as specified in Resolution Conf. 11.1 on the Establishment of Committees, and as directed in Decisions 11.119 regarding the work programme and 11.120 regarding nomenclature of amphibian species. 2. The NC would like to take this opportunity to invite Parties again to make suggestions for the names and field of competence of specialists who could provide input in fulfilling the responsibilities assigned to the NC by the Parties. 3. This report is presented in three parts: an introduction, fauna nomenclature and flora nomenclature. Each part covers the main activities since CoP11, including notable enquiries received since CoP11, the proposed work programme for the next period and a proposed operating budget. 4. Recommendations of the NC, calling for decisions