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Iraq: Humanitarian Response Plan 2021

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Iraq: Humanitarian Response Plan 2021 HUMANITARIAN HUMANITARIAN PROGRAMME CYCLE 2021 RESPONSE PLAN ISSUED FEBRUARY 2021 IRAQ 01 HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE PLAN 2021 About Get the latest updates This document is consolidated by OCHA on behalf of the Humanitarian Country Team and partners. The Humanitarian OCHA coordinates humanitarian action to ensure crisis-affected people receive the Response Plan is a presentation of the coordinated, strategic assistance and protection they need. It response devised by humanitarian agencies in order to meet the works to overcome obstacles that impede acute needs of people affected by the crisis. It is based on, and humanitarian assistance from reaching responds to, evidence of needs described in the Humanitarian people affected by crises, and provides leadership in mobilizing assistance Needs Overview. and resources on behalf of the human- itarian system PHOTO ON COVER www.unocha.org/iraq Children in Hassan Sham IDP Camp in Ninewa, 2020 © Anmar Rfaat, UNICEF twitter.com/ochairaq The designations employed and the presentation of material in the report do not imply the expres- sion of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Humanitarian Response aims to be the central website for Information Management tools and services, enabling information exchange between clusters and IASC members operating within a protracted or sudden onset crisis. www.humanitarianresponse.info/en/ operations/iraq Humanitarian InSight supports deci- sion-makers by giving them access to key humanitarian data. It provides the latest verified information on needs and delivery of the humanitarian response as well as financial contributions. www.hum-insight.info The Financial Tracking Service (FTS) is the primary provider of continuously updated data on global humanitarian funding, and is a major contributor to strategic decision making by highlighting gaps and priorities, thus contributing to effective, efficient and principled humanitarian assistance. fts.unocha.org/coun- tries/106/summary/2021 02 Table of Contents 05 Foreword 95 Part 5: Annexes 06 Response Plan Overview 96 5.1 Response Analysis 98 5.2 Participating Organizations 07 Planned Response 101 5.3 Planning Figures by Cluster and by Geography 08 HRP Key Figures 103 5.4 What if We Fail to Respond 09 Crisis Context and Impact 104 5.7 Acronyms 12 Response by Strategic Objective 105 5.8 End Notes 16 Historic Trends 17 Part 1: Strategic Response Priorities 20 1.1 Humanitarian Conditions and Underlying Factors Targeted for Response 25 1.2 Strategic Objectives, Specific Objectives and Response Approach 36 1.3 Costing Methodology 38 1.4 Operational Environment, Capacity and Access 41 Operational Presence in 2020 and Key Figures 42 Participating Partners in the 2021 HRP 43 1.5 Accountability to Affected Populations 45 1.6 Consolidated Overview on the Use of Multi-Purpose Cash 47 Part 2: Kurdistan Region of Iraq 50 Part 3: Response Monitoring 51 3.1 Monitoring Approach 53 3.2 Monitoring of Objective Targets 54 Part 4: Cluster Objectives and Response 56 Overview of Sectoral Response 61 4.1 Camp Coordination and Camp Management 64 4.2 Education 67 4.3 Emergency Livelihoods 70 4.4 Food Security 73 4.5 Health 77 4.6 Protection 85 4.7 Shelter and Non-Food Items 88 4.8 Water, Sanitation and Hygiene 92 4.9 Coordination and Common Services 03 HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE PLAN 2021 SALAH AL-DIN, IRAQ Women and children in Al Karama camp speak with inter-cluster mission members, 2020 © Y Crafti, OCHA 04 Foreword The humanitarian context facing Iraq in 2021 has programming; enforcement of housing, land and prop- significantly changed from recent years. While human- erty rights; improvements to the security situation; itarian needs in Iraq continue to be primarily driven creation of employment and livelihoods opportunities; by the effects of conflict and displacement, COVID-19 restoration of basic services; improvements in access presented an additional shock in 2020. The impact to quality health care and education; and speeding up of COVID-19—particularly the economic downturn of the reconciliation process. All these challenges are caused by the deteriorating oil prices—have resulted substantial and will require all members of the inter- in loss of livelihoods, while at the same time, the national community to collaborate and complement restriction in movements have disrupted access to each other’s work. services and increased protection and gender-based violence (GBV) risks. These conditions had a signifi- Such collaboration and outreach to stabilization and cant socio-economic impact on the Iraqi population as development partners will be crucial, as the chal- a whole and have increased humanitarian needs espe- lenges for out-of-camp IDPs and returnees cannot be cially among conflict-affected populations, particularly addressed by humanitarians alone. Achieving durable in out-of-camp and return locations. In addition, the solutions for Iraq’s IDPs, returnees and vulnerable sudden closure of 14 camps for internally displaced host communities will require the combined support persons (IDPs) in the second half of the year have of humanitarian, stabilization and development actors. created disruption of services and have necessitated Ending protracted displacement will also require radical shifts in operations for humanitarian actors. sustained engagement of and with government coun- terparts, at the national, regional and local levels. Considering these unexpected changes, humanitarian actors in Iraq will in 2021 no longer primarily focus The 2021 Humanitarian Response Plan outlines the on servicing the needs of IDPs living in camps. The humanitarian community’s detailed plans for the year response in 2021 will concentrate on the needs of 1.5 ahead based on an evidence-based analysis of the million vulnerable IDPs and returnees, the majority needs of IDPs and their communities, and presents of whom are in out-of-camp locations. The needs of the financial requirements needed to achieve its these populations can be less visible, but are often aims. As Humanitarian Coordinator, it is my honor more acute with more severe implications, which are to oversee the work of humanitarian partners as we harder to address. Therefore, the assessments carried continue our efforts to serve Iraq’s most vulnerable out by humanitarian actors will need to adapt to better Internally Displaced Persons. evaluate the needs of returnees and out-of-camp IDPs, including those who live in informal settlements. Organizations will need to scale-up in areas with previously limited partner presence, requiring improve- ments in access to previously hard-to-reach locations. While the focus of our work is shifting, the substan- tive needs remain much the same. Iraqis seek the Irena Vojáčková-Sollorano repair and reconstruction of war-damaged homes; Humanitarian Coordinator the clearance of explosive ordnance; social cohesion 05 HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE PLAN 2021 Response Plan Overview PEOPLE IN NEED ACUTE PIN TARGET REQUIREMENTS (US$) OPERATIONAL PARTNERS 4.1M 2.4M 1.5M 607M 166 Planned Response addressed through other assistance frameworks, The 2021 Humanitarian Needs Overview (HNO) including the United Nations Sustainable Develop- for Iraq identified 4.1 million people in need (PiN), ment Cooperation Framework and the Durable Solu- of which 2.4 million people have acute humani- tions Framework. While ensuring a tightly focused tarian needs. While the number of people in need humanitarian response, the humanitarian community remained similar to the previous year, the severity of will work closely with stabilization, durable solutions those needs increased, largely due to the impact of and development actors to facilitate a coordinated COVID-19 on top of an existing humanitarian crisis, approach to addressing the drivers of humanitarian leading to a 35 per cent increase in the number of need and facilitating efforts to end displacement. people in acute need. As outlined in the HNO, the main drivers of this increase were the impact of COVID-19 Implementation of the humanitarian response and the partially related economic crisis, leading to outlined in this HRP will require US$607.2 million large-scale loss of livelihoods. to address the most critical humanitairan needs for 1.5 million people, including 221,000 IDPs in formal Recognizing that the humanitarian response in itself camps, 295,000 IDPs living in out-of-camp areas, and will not be able to address the large-scale loss of 966,000 returnees. livelihoods and income, which has deepened vulner- abilities among conflict-affected populations already HRP Key Figures in need, and considering the most effective use of The 2021 HNO assessed and analysed the humani- humanitarian capacity and funding, clusters have tarian needs of three population groups: IDPs living prioritized 1.5 million people who will be targeted for in formal camps, IDPs living outside camps, and humanitarian response in 2021. The 1.5 million people returnees. Amid ongoing camp closures and resultant include those internally displaced persons (IDPs) population movements, the PiN figures presented and returnees, who are extremely vulnerable, facing in the HNO had to be adjusted when, at the end of a multitude of deep humanitarian and protection November 2020, humanitarian organizations identified needs, including those who live in camps and other the number of
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