DOCSLIB.ORG

A Comparative Pharmacognostical Study of Certain Clerodendrum Species (Family Lamiaceae) Cultivated in Egypt

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Comparative Pharmacognostical Study of Certain Clerodendrum Species (Family Lamiaceae) Cultivated in Egypt A Comparative Pharmacognostical Study of Certain Clerodendrum Species (Family Lamiaceae) Cultivated in Egypt A Thesis Submitted By Asmaa Mohamed Ahmed Khalil For the Degree of Master in Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacognosy) Under the Supervision of Prof. Dr. Prof. Dr. Soheir Mohamed El Zalabani Hesham Ibrahim El-Askary Professor of Pharmacognosy Professor of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University Cairo University Assistant Prof. Dr. Omar Mohamed Sabry Assistant Professor of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University Pharmacognosy Department Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University A.R.E. 2019 Abstract A Comparative Pharmacognostical Study of Certain Clerodendrum Species (Family Lamiaceae) Cultivated in Egypt Clerodendrum inerme L. Gaertn. and Clerodendrum splendens G. Don, two members of the cosmopolitan family Lamiaceae, are successfully acclimatized in Egypt. The current study aimed to evaluate the local plants as potential candidates for implementation in pharmaceutical industries, which necessitates an intensive investigation of safety and bioactivity of the cited species. To ensure quality and purity of the raw material, criteria for characterization of and/or discrimination between the two species were established via botanical profiling, proximate analysis, phytochemical screening and UPLC analysis. The leaves were subjected to comparative biological and chemical study to select the most suitable from the medicinal and economic standpoints. In this respect, the antioxidant cyotoxic and antimicrobial potentials of the defatted ethanol (70%) extracts of the tested samples were assessed in-vitro. Meanwhile, the chemical composition of the leaves was examined through qualitative and quantitative comparative analyses of the phenolic components. In this respect, The leaves of C. inerme were selected for more intensive both phytochemical and biological investigation. Moreover, a solid-liquid fractionation procedure (LSF) of the defatted ethanol (70%) extract of the leaves of C. inerme was proposed for optimization of phenolic extraction and compared to the conventional liquid-liquid fractionation method. To facilitate the incorporation of the extractives of the leaves of C. inerme in herbal formulations, a simple, valid and time saving RP-HPLC standardization procedure was developed for determination of its clerodermic acid content. Finally, to maximize the yield of bioactive constituents in the ethanol extract of the leaves of C. inerme, the effect of stage of plant development on its composition was assessed. Results revealed that the ethanol extract of the leaves of C. inerme exhibited broader cytotoxic effect and more pronounced antimicobial effect than that of C. splendens, in addition to apparently higher content of bioactive constituents. Repeated chromatographic fractionation of the different extracts of the plant allowed the isolation of six compounds. The isolated constituents included a tetraterpenoid (β-carotene), two phytosterols (22-dehydroclerosterol and 22- dehydroclerosterol -3-O-β-D-glucoside), a flavonoid (4’-methyl scutellarein), a diterpenoid (clerodermic acid) and a phenylpropanoid glycoside (verbascoside). Two of these (β-carotene and 22-dehydroclerosterol -3-O-β-D-glucoside) are for the first time reported in the species. Results of HPLC standardization of the ethanol extract of the leaves of C. inerme and its dichloromethane and ethyl acetate/ n-butanol (2:1) fractions, evaluated by the proposed method, were 9.76, 70.7 and 46.6 mg% (w/w), respectively. Finally, assessment of the effect of stage of plant development on the chemical composition of the leaves revealed that the highest contents of major constituents were recorded in leaf samples collected from plants during flowering stage, thus the leaves of C. inerme should preferably be collected at the flowering stage to ensure optimum yields of major bioactive metabolites. Key Words: Clerodendrum inerme L., Clerodendrum splendens G., botanical characteristics, bioactivities, phenolic profiling, HPLC standardization, validation, effect of stage of plant development. Acknowledgement My great thanks are, in the beginning and the last, to Allah, by the grace of whom, this work came to completion. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisors for their excellent guidance, caring, patience and providing me with an excellent atmosphere for doing this research. I am for ever indebted to them and hope that their good deeds return to them many folds. Neither words nor the available space can describe my greatest appreciation, deepest thanks and sincere gratitude to Prof. Dr. Soheir M. El Zalabani, Prof. of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University for supporting this work, by her continuous valuable supervision, kind, restful smile. She patiently corrected my writing and helped me to develop my scientific knowledgement. My great thanks are also due to Prof. Dr. Hesham I. El-Askary, Professor of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, for his kind supervision, continuous guidance, education, encouragement, constructive comments, indispensable advice, backup throughout this study. Without his continuous support, this work could have never been accomplished. I wish to express my deep gratitude and appreciation to Assistant Prof. Dr. Omar M. Sabry, Assistant Professor of Pharmacognosy, Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University for his kind supervision, guidance and encouragement throughout this study. I am grateful to all members of Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University especially, Prof. Dr. Mohamed A. Farag, Assistant. Prof. Dr. Ali M. El-Halawany, Assistant. Prof. Dr. Engy A. Mahrous, Assistant. Prof. Dr. Mohammed Nabil, Lecturer Dr. Mohamed A. Salem, Lecturer Dr. Osama G. Mohamed and Lecturer Dr. Marwa Y. Issa for their everlasting concern, unlimited co-operation and great support with advices, time, needed chemicals and materials. My deep appreciation is extended to all my colleagues in the Pharmacognosy Department for their great help and support. They were and still are like my sisters and brothers. My intense and everlasting thanks, heartily gratitude and sincere love are devoted to my beloved mother and father to whome words are not enough to describe their care, tenderness, support and keen for seeing my success and prosperity. They were always there with a word of encouragement or just a listening ear, giving me a lot of love and support. From the deepest part of my heart I want to thank them for their enthusiasm, pride and curiosity to stand by me through all hard times. I owe them my life and success; they gave and still are giving me all what I need. Asmaa Mohamed Ahmed Khalil i Contents Subject Page Introduction 1 Review of Literature 3 Taxonomy 69 Material, Apparatus and Techniques 73 Part I: Comparative Study of Clerodendrum inerme L. Gaertn. and Clerodendrum splendens G. Don Chapter I: Botanical Characters 81 Chapter II: Proximate Analysis and Preliminary Phytochemical 92 Screening Chapter III: Extraction, Fractionation and Examination of the 94 Leaves Extractives Chapter IV: UPLC-Orbitrap HRMS Profiling 99 Chapter V: Quantitative Estimation of Phenolic Content 111 I. Determination of Total Phenolic Content (TPC) 112 II. Determination of Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) 113 Chapter VI: In-vitro Evaluation of the Biological Activities 116 I. Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity 116 II. Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Activity 121 III. Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity against Antibiotic Resistant Bacterial Strains 125 Part II: Phytochemical and Biological Investigation of Clerodendrum inerme L. Gaertn. Leaves Introduction 130 Chapter I: Optimization of Phenolic Extraction from the Leaves 131 of Clerodendrum inerme L. Gaertn. Chapter II: Investigation of the Different Extractives 134 I. Investigation of the n-Hexane Extract 134 A. Isolation of the constituents 134 B. Identification of the Isolated Compounds 137 II. Large Scale Fractionation and Investigation of the 70% Ethanol Extractives 142 A. Investigation of the Dichloromethane Fraction 142 B. Investigation of the Ethyl Acetate/ n-Butanol (2:1) Fraction 154 C. Investigation of the Methanol Fraction 170 ii Chapter III: Biological Evaluation of the Different Extractives and Isolated Compounds 178 I. Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity 178 II. Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Activity 179 Chapter IV: Development and Validation of an HPLC Procedure for Standardization of the Extractives of the Leaves 184 Chapter V: Effect of Stage of Plant Development on the Chemical Composition of the Leaves 194 Summary 198 General Conclusion and Recommendation 208 References 210 Arabic Summary -1- Arabic Abstract -9- iii List of Tables No. Title Page 1 Reports on phenolics of Clerodendrum species 5 2 Reports on terpenoids of Clerodendrum species 15 3 Reports on steroids of Clerodendrum species 32 Reports on anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic and 4 42 antioxidant activities of Clerodendrum species Reports on cytotoxic, anti-cancer and anti-mutagenic 5 50 activities of Clerodendrum species Reports on hepatoprotective, anti-hyperglycemic, anti- 6 hyperlipidemic and anti-hypertensive activities of 54 Clerodendrum species Reports on cardiovascular activities of Clerodendrum 7 59 species Reports on central nervous system activities of 8 61 Clerodendrum species Reports on antimicrobial activity of Clerodendrum 9 63 species 10 Reports on antimalarial activity of Clerodendrum species
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Leaf Spot on Clerodendrum X Speciosus in Brazil Caused by Pseudocercospora Clerodendricola Sp
    Tropical Plant Pathology, vol. 35, 3, 170-173 (2010) Copyright by the Brazilian Phytopathological Society. Printed in Brazil www.sbfito.com.br SHORT COMMUNICATION / COMUNICAÇÃO Leaf spot on Clerodendrum x speciosus in Brazil caused by Pseudocercospora clerodendricola sp. nov. Diogo Brito de Almeida, Davi Mesquita de Macedo & Robert W. Barreto Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil Author for correspondence: Robert W. Barreto, e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Pseudocercospora clerodendricola sp. nov. is described herein. ������������������������������������������The fungus was found causing leaf spots in Clerodendrum x speciosum (bleeding heart) and its pathogenicity was demonstrated. Inoculation with culture discs placed on healthy leaves resulted in typical leaf spots appearing 30 days after inoculation. Keywords: Cercosporoids, Mycosphaerellaceae, ornamental plant, plant pathology, taxonomy, Verbenaceae. RESUMO Mancha foliar em Clerodendrum x speciosus no Brasil causada por Pseudocercospora clerodendricola sp. nov. Uma nova espécie de fungo, Pseudocercospora clerodendricola é descrita em associação com Clerodendrum x speciosum (coração sangrento). Ela teve sua patogenicidade demonstrada pela inoculação de folhas sadias com discos de micélio. Manchas foliares equivalentes às observadas no campo foram produzidas 30 dias após a inoculação das plantas com discos de cultura. Keywords: Cercosporoids, Mycosphaerellaceae, ornamental plant, plant pathology, taxonomy, Verbenaceae. Studies on fungal pathogens of ornamental plants of that disease on Clerodendrum in Brazil or elsewhere. A in Brazil have yielded numerous new disease records for study was then undertaken to clarify the etiology of this Brazil (e.g.: Silva et al, 2006; Pereira et al. 2006; Ribeiro disease. et al. 2006; Macedo & Barreto, 2008; Soares et al., 2009) Specimens were collected, immediately brought to and also novel fungal species such as Cordana versicolor the lab and examined while still fresh.
    [Show full text]
  • Department of Agriculural and Forestry Sciences
    Department of Agriculural and Forestry Sciences PhD in Sciences and Technologies for the Forest and Environmental Management – XXVIII Cycle Scientific Sector-Disciplinary AGR/05 Plant Biodiversity in West Bank: Strategic tools for Conservation and Management PhD Thesis Presented by Dott. ssa NISREEN AL-QADDI Coordinatore Supervisor Prof. Bartolomeo Schirone Prof. Bartolomeo Schirone Signature ……………………. Signature ……………………. Tutors: Prof. Bartolomeo Schirone Dr. Federico Vessella Dr. Marco Cosimo Simeone. Dr. Michela Celestini This Thesis submitted in fullfillment of requirments for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Academic years 2013-2016 DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE AGRARIE E FORESTALI Corso di Dottorato di Ricerca in Scienze e tecnologie per la gestione forestale ed ambientale –XXVIII Ciclo Settore Scientifico-Disciplinare AGR/05 Plant Biodiversity in West Bank: Strategic tools for Conservation and Management Tesi di dottorato di ricerca Dottorando Dott. ssa NISREEN AL-QADDI Coordinatore Supervisor Prof. Bartolomeo Schirone Prof. Bartolomeo Schirone Firma ……………………. Firma ……………………. Tutors: Prof. Bartolomeo Schirone Dott. Federico Vessella Dott. Marco Cosimo Simeone. Dott.ssa. Michela Celestini Anni Accademici 2013-2016 The Phd thesis “Plant Biodiversity in West Bank: Strategic tools for Conservation and Management” has been defined by Nisreen Alqaddi (Palestine) in June 27, 2016. The Thesis comitte memebers are: Prof. Bartolomeo Schirone, Universita’ degli Studi della TusciaDAFNE. Prof. Maurizio Badiani, Universita’ degli Studi di Reggio Calabria, Dip. di Agraria. Prof. Massimo Trabalza Marinucci, Universita’ degli Studi di Perugia, Dip. di Medicina Veterinaria. Tutors: Prof. Bartolomeo Schirone. Dr. Federico Vessella. Dr. Marco Cosimo Simeone. Dr. Michela Celestini. DEDICATION This Thesis dedicated to My Father, who has raised me to be the person I am today, thank you for all the unconditional love, guidance, and support that you have always given me, thank for everything that you have done, you are to me what to earth the sun is.
    [Show full text]
  • Medicinal Practices of Sacred Natural Sites: a Socio-Religious Approach for Successful Implementation of Primary
    Medicinal practices of sacred natural sites: a socio-religious approach for successful implementation of primary healthcare services Rajasri Ray and Avik Ray Review Correspondence Abstract Rajasri Ray*, Avik Ray Centre for studies in Ethnobiology, Biodiversity and Background: Sacred groves are model systems that Sustainability (CEiBa), Malda - 732103, West have the potential to contribute to rural healthcare Bengal, India owing to their medicinal floral diversity and strong social acceptance. *Corresponding Author: Rajasri Ray; [email protected] Methods: We examined this idea employing ethnomedicinal plants and their application Ethnobotany Research & Applications documented from sacred groves across India. A total 20:34 (2020) of 65 published documents were shortlisted for the Key words: AYUSH; Ethnomedicine; Medicinal plant; preparation of database and statistical analysis. Sacred grove; Spatial fidelity; Tropical diseases Standard ethnobotanical indices and mapping were used to capture the current trend. Background Results: A total of 1247 species from 152 families Human-nature interaction has been long entwined in has been documented for use against eighteen the history of humanity. Apart from deriving natural categories of diseases common in tropical and sub- resources, humans have a deep rooted tradition of tropical landscapes. Though the reported species venerating nature which is extensively observed are clustered around a few widely distributed across continents (Verschuuren 2010). The tradition families, 71% of them are uniquely represented from has attracted attention of researchers and policy- any single biogeographic region. The use of multiple makers for its impact on local ecological and socio- species in treating an ailment, high use value of the economic dynamics. Ethnomedicine that emanated popular plants, and cross-community similarity in from this tradition, deals health issues with nature- disease treatment reflects rich community wisdom to derived resources.
    [Show full text]
  • Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve Management Plan 2011-2016
    Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve Management Plan 2011-2016 April 1981 Revised, May 1982 2nd revision, April 1983 3rd revision, December 1999 4th revision, May 2011 Prepared for U.S. Department of Commerce Ohio Department of Natural Resources National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Division of Wildlife Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management 2045 Morse Road, Bldg. G Estuarine Reserves Division Columbus, Ohio 1305 East West Highway 43229-6693 Silver Spring, MD 20910 This management plan has been developed in accordance with NOAA regulations, including all provisions for public involvement. It is consistent with the congressional intent of Section 315 of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, and the provisions of the Ohio Coastal Management Program. OWC NERR Management Plan, 2011 - 2016 Acknowledgements This management plan was prepared by the staff and Advisory Council of the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve (OWC NERR), in collaboration with the Ohio Department of Natural Resources-Division of Wildlife. Participants in the planning process included: Manager, Frank Lopez; Research Coordinator, Dr. David Klarer; Coastal Training Program Coordinator, Heather Elmer; Education Coordinator, Ann Keefe; Education Specialist Phoebe Van Zoest; and Office Assistant, Gloria Pasterak. Other Reserve staff including Dick Boyer and Marje Bernhardt contributed their expertise to numerous planning meetings. The Reserve is grateful for the input and recommendations provided by members of the Old Woman Creek NERR Advisory Council. The Reserve is appreciative of the review, guidance, and council of Division of Wildlife Executive Administrator Dave Scott and the mapping expertise of Keith Lott and the late Steve Barry.
    [Show full text]
  • (Lamiaceae and Verbenaceae) Using Two DNA Barcode Markers
    J Biosci (2020)45:96 Ó Indian Academy of Sciences DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-00061-2 (0123456789().,-volV)(0123456789().,-volV) Re-evaluation of the phylogenetic relationships and species delimitation of two closely related families (Lamiaceae and Verbenaceae) using two DNA barcode markers 1 2 3 OOOYEBANJI *, E C CHUKWUMA ,KABOLARINWA , 4 5 6 OIADEJOBI ,SBADEYEMI and A O AYOOLA 1Department of Botany, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria 2Forest Herbarium Ibadan (FHI), Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan, Nigeria 3Department of Education Science (Biology Unit), Distance Learning Institute, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria 4Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria 5Ethnobotany Unit, Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria 6Department of Ecotourism and Wildlife Management, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria *Corresponding author (Email, [email protected]) MS received 21 September 2019; accepted 27 May 2020 The families Lamiaceae and Verbenaceae comprise several closely related species that possess high mor- phological synapomorphic traits. Hence, there is a tendency of species misidentification using only the mor- phological characters. Herein, we evaluated the discriminatory power of the universal DNA barcodes (matK and rbcL) for 53 species spanning the two families. Using these markers, we inferred phylogenetic relation- ships and conducted species delimitation analysis using four delimitation methods: Automated Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD), TaxonDNA, Bayesian Poisson Tree Processes (bPTP) and General Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC). The phylogenetic reconstruction based on the matK gene resolved the relationships between the families and further suggested the expansion of the Lamiaceae to include some core Verbanaceae genus, e.g., Gmelina.
    [Show full text]
  • Geographic Distribution of Ploidy Levels and Chloroplast Haplotypes in Japanese Clerodendrum Trichotomum S
    ISSN 1346-7565 Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 70 (2): 87–102 (2019) doi: 10.18942/apg.201823 Geographic Distribution of Ploidy Levels and Chloroplast Haplotypes in Japanese Clerodendrum trichotomum s. lat. (Lamiaceae) 1,* 2 3 4 5 Leiko Mizusawa , Naoko ishikawa , okihito YaNo , shiNji Fujii aNd Yuji isagi 1Faculty of Human Development and Culture, Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima 960-1296, Japan. * [email protected] (author for correspondence); 2Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan; 3Faculty of Biosphere-Geosphere Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridai-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0005, Japan; 4Faculty of Human Environments, University of Human Environments, 6-2 Kamisanbonmatsu, Motojuku-cho, Okazaki, Aichi 444-3505, Japan; 5Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan Clerodendrum trichotomum s. lat., under which many infraspecific taxa have been recognized, includes both tetraploid and diploid individuals, although chromosome numbers and geographic variation in ploi- dy levels have not been investigated in the Japanese archipelago. The geographic distribution of ploidy levels and chloroplast haplotypes of four Japanese taxa of C. trichotomum s. lat., based on chromosome counts, flow cytometry, and genotyping of five microsatellite loci is reported. It was determined that Japanese C. trichotomum var. trichotomum and var. yakusimense are tetraploid (2n = 104), while var. es- culentum and C. izuinsulare are diploid (2n = 52). The diploid taxa are distributed only on the southern edge of the Japanese archipelago, while tetraploid C. trichotomum is distributed widely. Such distribu- tion patterns may be formed by temperate forest shrinkage during, and tetraploid expansion after, glacial periods.
    [Show full text]
  • Hypoglycemic and Antiplatelet Effects of Unsaponified Petroleum Ether Fraction and Isolated Compounds of Methanol Extract of Clerodendrum Phlomidis Linn
    International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences ISSN: 2321-3272 (Print), ISSN: 2230-7605 (Online) IJPBS | Volume 7 | Issue 3 | JUL-SEPT| 2017 | 93-107 Original Research Article – Pharmaceutical Sciences| Open Access| UGC Approved | MCI Approved Journal HYPOGLYCEMIC AND ANTIPLATELET EFFECTS OF UNSAPONIFIED PETROLEUM ETHER FRACTION AND ISOLATED COMPOUNDS OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF CLERODENDRUM PHLOMIDIS LINN. F. LEAVES Muthu K MohanMarugaRaja a, Riyaj S Tamboli b, Shri H Mishrab, Devarajan Agilandeswari c* a Senior Scientist, TanBio R&D Solution, Periyar TBI, Periyar Maniammai University, Thanjavur-613403, Tamil Nadu, India b Faculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara-390002, Gujarat, India c Department of Pharmaceutics, Ikon Pharmacy College, Bheemanahalli-562109, Karnataka, India *Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Methanol extract of the leaves of Clerodendrum phlomidis Linn. f. (Lamiaceae) has been reported for antidiabetic activity. The aim was to explore in detail the various fractions and isolated compounds from methanol extract of the leaves of C. phlomidis for hyopglycemic and antiplatelet effects. Residual fraction of methanol extract (RFME), unsaponified petroleum ether fraction of methanol extract (USPEF) and crude polyamine fraction (CPF) were studied by streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NAD) induced diabetic rat model (100 and 200 mg/kg BW, p.o. daily for 30 days). Metformin was used as standard drug along with diabetic and normal control. Compounds (CPI–VI) were isolated from bioactive USPEF. CPII and CPVI were studied at 15 and 30 mg/kg BW, p.o. daily for 30 days. All fractions, CPII and CPVI were also studied for protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibition and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) induced antiplatelet aggregation study.
    [Show full text]
  • A RISING THREAT in AYURVEDIC DRUG MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY Maneesh T 1*, G Jai 2, Rajmohan V 3 1PG Scholar, Department of Rasasastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Govt
    Maneesh T et al. Int. Res. J. Pharm. 2018, 9 (11) INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACY www.irjponline.com ISSN 2230 – 8407 Research Article DEPLETION OF GENUINE RAW DRUGS: A RISING THREAT IN AYURVEDIC DRUG MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY Maneesh T 1*, G Jai 2, Rajmohan V 3 1PG Scholar, Department of Rasasastra and Bhaishajya kalpana, Govt. Ayurveda College, Thiruvananthapuram, India 2Professor and HOD, Department of Rasasastra and Bhaishajya kalpana, Govt. Ayurveda College, Tripunithura, India 3Associate Professor, Department of Rasasastra and Bhaishajya kalpana, Govt. Ayurveda College, Kannur, India *Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] Article Received on: 18/10/18 Approved for publication: 20/11/18 DOI: 10.7897/2230-8407.0911278 ABSTRACT The last decade witnessed an accelerated increase of the global acceptance of traditional medicines and herbal products. But unfortunately there is no organized cultivation of the medicinal plants and most of the precious species are facing the threat of destructive harvesting. Majority of the manufacturers are thus forced to substitute or avoid the unavailable ingredients thus hindering the quality and safety of the marketed products. For analysing this scenario an in depth study was undertaken taking drugs of Dasamoola group as a representative of raw drug category facing huge consumption. The study intended to document the current availability status of Dasamoola drugs in the Kerala Ayurveda drug manufacturing industry and the measures adopted by the industry to overcome the scarcity of these drugs through a Cross sectional survey. Result of the study points out that over usage, destructive harvesting and lack of cultivation have alarmingly reduced the availability of Dasamoola group drugs in Kerala pharmacies.
    [Show full text]
  • A Monograph of the Genus Microtoena (Lamiaceae) This Book Was Originally Published by Science Press, © Science Press, 2018
    Current Natural Sciences WANG Q. Current Natural Sciences BOTANY A Monograph of the Genus BOTANY Microtoena (Lamiaceae) Qiang WANG The genus Microtoena is a lovely and enigmatic member of the mint family. This new monograph is a comprehensive taxonomic revision, based on extensive field observations, population of the Genus A Monograph sampling, specimen examinations, scanning electron microscopy observations, statistical analysis of characters, and molecular phylogenetic analysis. Detailed species descriptions are Qiang WANG enhanced by 20 maps, 18 full page line drawings and numerous field photos. This is an essential reference for taxonomists, growers, breeders and horticulturalists. Qiang WANG. Associate Professor at the State Key Laboratory of systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences. A young taxonomist, his main interests A Monograph of the Genus are taxonomy, phylogeny and evolution of Lamiaceae, and his Microtoena passion for Microtoena stretches back 10 years. Microtoena (Lamiaceae) (Lamiaceae) ISBN : 978-2-7598-2528-8 www.edpsciences.org Price: 95 € 9 782759 825288 Current Natural Sciences WANG Q. Current Natural Sciences BOTANY A Monograph of the Genus BOTANY Microtoena (Lamiaceae) Qiang WANG The genus Microtoena is a lovely and enigmatic member of the mint family. This new monograph is a comprehensive taxonomic revision, based on extensive field observations, population of the Genus A Monograph sampling, specimen examinations, scanning electron microscopy observations, statistical analysis of characters, and molecular phylogenetic analysis. Detailed species descriptions are Qiang WANG enhanced by 20 maps, 18 full page line drawings and numerous field photos. This is an essential reference for taxonomists, growers, breeders and horticulturalists. Qiang WANG.
    [Show full text]
  • Download (914KB)
    Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies 2021; 9(3): 129-135 ISSN (E): 2320-3862 ISSN (P): 2394-0530 Ethnomedical inventory of antiulcer plants used NAAS Rating: 3.53 www.plantsjournal.com by the tradipraticians of Yopohué sub-prefecture JMPS 2021; 9(3): 129-135 © 2021 JMPS in central-western Côte d'Ivoire Received: 15-03-2020 Accepted: 18-04-2021 Sidio SR Sidio SR, Wangny AAS, Angaman KR and N’guessan K Laboratory of Natural Environments and Conservation Abstract of Biodiversity, UFR The objective of this study, which focuses on the traditional treatment of gastroduodenal ulcerative Biosciences, Félix Houphouët- disease, was to compile an inventory of the antiulcer plants sold and prescribed by the health Boigny University of Abidjan. 22 tradipraticians of the sub-prefecture of Yopohué. For this purpose, ethnobotanical surveys were carried BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire out among 28 practitioners of traditional medicine composed of fetishers, phytotherapists and herbalists. Fifteen species of plants, used in the development of 18 medicinal recipes have been listed. The leafy Wangny AAS Laboratory of Natural branches are the most stressed plant parts. Of the different forms of use of remedies, decocted is the Environments and Conservation predominant form. Oral medication is the most commonly used method of administration. Among the of Biodiversity, UFR species surveyed, Zanthoxylum gilletii and Clerodendrum splendens are the best known, thus justifying Biosciences, Félix Houphouët- an important consensus on their therapeutic use. With a view to verifying the therapeutic effects reported Boigny University of Abidjan. 22 by the respondents and possibly the discovery of potentially effective active molecules to fight against BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire the studied disease, Phytochemical and pharmacological testing of the most significant species would be beneficial.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity and Useful Products in Some Verbenaceous Member of Melghat and Amravati Regions, Maharashtra, India
    BIODIVERSITAS ISSN: 1412-033X (printed edition) Volume 12, Number 3, July 2011 ISSN: 2085-4722 (electronic) Pages: 146-163 DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d120305 Diversity and useful products in some Verbenaceous member of Melghat and Amravati regions, Maharashtra, India SHUBHANGI NAGORAO INGOLE♥ Department of Botany, Bai, R.D.I.K. and N.K.D. College, Badnera, Amravati 444701, Maharashtra, India, Tel./Fax. +917212663865, +919823259331, ♥email: shubhangiingole@rediffmail. Manuscript received: 2 July 2011. Revision accepted: 31 July 2011. ABSTRACT Ingole SN. 2011. Diversity and useful products in some Verbenaceous member of Melghat and Amravati regions, Maharashtra, India. Biodiversitas 12: 146-163. Verbenaceae is a large family of very diverse habit. The present study deals with detailed characteristics, distribution and economically important products of some verbenaceous members of Melghat and Amravati regions. During the survey twenty members belonging to fourteen genera of Verbenaceae were collected. Some members occur abundantly either in wild or cultivated state like Lantana camara L. var. aculeata Mold., Lantana flava Medik., L. nivea Vent., Glandularia bipinnatifida (Schauer) Nutt., Duranta erecta L., Vitex negundo L., Volkameria inermis L., Clerodendrum phlomidis L. f., Clerodendrum splendens G. Don, Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. etc. while Petrea volubilis L., Gmelina arborea Roxb., G. philippensis Cham., Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl., S. mutabilis (Jacq.) Vahl., Rotheca serrata (L.) Steane & Mabb., Holmskioldia sanguinea Retz. are not much common and occur in limited locations. Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene, a creeping much-branched herb is found typically in wet places. Tectona grandis L. f. occurs very variable in size according to its habitat and is common dominant tree in forest of Melghat and also planted in plains.
    [Show full text]
  • Present and Future Threats by Invasive Alien Plants
    Areas of high conservation value in Georgia: present and future threats by invasive alien plants Biological Invasions Daniela Julia Klara Thalmann, Department of Biology, Ecology & Evolution, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland, Tel: + (41) (0) 78-802 92 25, [email protected] David Kikodze, Institute of Botany, Ilia State University, Georgia Manana Khutsishvili, Institute of Botany, Ilia State University, Georgia David Kharazishvili, Batumi Botanical Garden, Georgia Antoine Guisan, University of Lausanne, Switzerland Olivier Broennimann*, University of Lausanne, Switzerland Heinz Müller-Schärer*,University of Fribourg, Switzerland *joint senior authorship Annex 2: Occurrence data collected by source for the selected nine alien invasive species in Georgia. Amount of records by Amount of records by Amount of records by Species website herbar field survey Ailanthus altissima 4255 2 47 Ambrosia artemisiifolia 7826 27 26 Clerodendron bungai 76 19 8 Miscanthus sinensis 773 5 6 Opuntia humifusa 676 0 29 Opuntia phaeacantha 489 0 22 Robinia pseudoacacia 24862 4 50 Spiraea japonica 633 6 6 Vitex rotundifolia 348 1 2 Annex 3. The global model for Ambrosia artemisiifolia and its statistics cf. text for details. The fitted models were first projected on the whole world and were then projected on Georgia at a resolution of 1x1 Km. Annex 4. Evaluation of the species distribution models. Mean and standard deviation (over 3 techniques x 10 iterations) of Boyce, TSS and POD evaluation metrics are provided
    [Show full text]