Journal of Science (2016) 16(1): 71; 1–5 doi: 10.1093/jisesa/iew055 Research article

A New Genus of Macropsinae (: Cicadellidae) From Madagascar

Liyuan Yang,1 C.H. Dietrich,2 and Yalin Zhang1,3

1Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of the Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P. R. China, 2lllinois Natural History Survey, Institute of Natural Resource Sustainability, University of Illinois, 1816 S. Oak St., Champaign, IL, 61820, USA, and 3Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Subject Editor: Roland Muehlethaler

Received 25 April 2016; Accepted 6 June 2016

Abstract Paragalboa acuta gen. & sp. n. is described and illustrated from Madagascar. The new genus shows morpho- logical affinities to the genus Galboa Distant recorded from Seychelles. A checklist of all known gen- era of Macropsinae is provided.

Key words: Homoptera, , Macropsini, morphology, taxonomy

Members of the subfamily Macropsinae are of nearly Material and Methods worldwide distribution with endemic genera and species on all The specimens were collected using Malaise traps. External charac- continents except South America and Antarctica. Most macro- ters and genital structures were examined under Olympus SZX12 psines appear to be specialized feeders on particular genera or spe- and Olympus U-DA microscopes. Morphological techniques and cies of woody hosts but a few inhabit grasslands or deserts and terminologies follow Hamilton (1980) and Zhang (1990), the rows feed on herbs. In the current classification, the tribe is organized of setae on the legs follows Rakitov (1998). Holotype specimen as into 18 genera: Asmaropsis Linnavuori, Galboa Distant, Hephathus Ribaut, Macropsella Hamilton, Macropsidius Ribaut, well as half paratype specimens described in this study are deposited Lewis, Burmeister, Pedionis Hamilton, in the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA (CAS), re- Burmeister, Pediopsoides Matsumura, Reticopsella maining half paratypes are deposited in the Illinois Natural History Viraktamath, Reticopsis Hamilton, Ruandopsis Linnavuori, Survey, Champaign, USA (INHS). Stenopsoides Evans, Stenoscopus Evans, Toropsis Hamilton, Varicopsella Hamilton and Zelopsis Evans. Nomenclature A recent study of a collection of samples from Madagascar This paper and the nomenclatural act it contains have been registered revealed the presence of a new endemic genus, Paragalboa. in Zoobank (www.zoobank.org), the official register of the This new genus resembles Galboa from Seychelles in International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. The LSID having a long rostrum extending to the base of the hind trochan- (Life Science Identifier) number of the publication is: urn:lsid:zoobank. ters, which distinguishes them from other genera (Figs. 1–12)in org:pub:C0FD25EF-23A1-4559-BFC1-8203F387030D this tribe. Galboa was established by Distant (1909) with Galboa typica Generic Checklist of World Macropsinae Distant, 1909 (Figs. 18–20) as the type species. The most dis- Subgenus Varicopsella (Multispinulosa) Li, Dai and Li is excluded tinctive characters are the notched clypellus and the long ros- from the list, the status of this subgenus may need more verification. trum. Galboa was erected based on a female specimen and is still Asmaropsis Linnavuori known only from the type specimen of the type species (China, Asmaropsis Linnavuori, 1978:17 1925; Hamilton, 1980) thus the male genitalia have not been Type species: Asmaropsis troilos Linnavuori, 1978 described. Based upon careful examination of well-preserved Galboa Distant male and female specimens from Madagascar, a new genus is Galboa Distant, 1909:45 described. The new genus can be distinguished from Galboa by Type species: Galboa typica Distant, 1909 the apex of the clypellus lacking a notch, the forewing veins lack- Hephathus Ribaut ing white spots, the shorter body length and characters of the fe- Hephathus Ribaut, 1952: 437 male 7th sternite. Type species: Bythoscopus nanus Herrich-Schaffer,€ 1835

VC The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of America. 1 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact [email protected]. Version of Record, first published online July 7, 2016 with fixed content and layout in compliance with Art. 8.1.3.2 ICZN. 2 Journal of Insect Science, 2016, Vol. 16, No. 1

Figs. 1–12. Face (1) Macropsella; (2) Macropsidius; (3) Macropsis; (4) Oncopsis; (5) Pedionis; (6) Pediopsis; (7) Pediopsoides; (8) Ruandopsis; (9) Stenoscopus; (10) Toropsis; (11) Vericopsella; (12) Zelopsis.

Macropsella Hamilton Oncopsis (Parasitades) Singh-Pruthi Macropsella Hamilton, 1980: 901 Parasitades Singh-Pruthi, 1936: 106 [reduced to subgenus by Type species: Macropsis saidora Evans, 1971 Hamilton, 1980: 890] Macropsidius Ribaut Type species: Parasitades baileyi Singh-Pruthi, 1936 Macropsidius Ribaut, 1952: 436 Pedionis (Pedionis) Hamilton Type species: Pediopsis dispar Fieber, 1868 Pedionis (Pedionis) Hamilton, 1980: 894 Macropsis (Macropsis) Lewis Type species: Pediopsis garuda Distant, 1916 Macropsis Lewis, 1834:49 Pedionis (Thyia) Hamilton Tsavopsis Linnavuori, 1978: 14 [synonymized by Hamilton, Pedionis (Thyia) Hamilton, 1980: 894 1980: 904] Type species: Macropsis thyia Kirkaldy, 1907 Type species: Jassus prasinus Boheman, 1852 Pediopsis Burmeister Macropsis (Neomacropsis) Hamilton Bythoscopus (Pediopsis) Burmeister, 1838: 11 [elevated to genus Macropsis (Neomacropsis) Hamilton, 1980: 911 level by Kirkaldy, 1903: 214] Type species: Pediopsis basalis Van Duzee, 1889 Type species: Jassus tiliae Germar, 1831 Macropsis (Parapediopsis) Hamilton Pediopsoides (Pediopsoides) Matsumura Macropsis (Parapediopsis) Hamilton, 1980: 905 Pediopsoides Matsumura, 1912: 305 Type species: Macropsis benguetensis Merino, 1936 Digitalis Liu & Zhang, 2002: 175 [synonymized by Dai & Zhang, Macropsis (Spinomacropsis)Li 2009:23] Macropsis (Spinomacropsis) Li et al., 2013:58 Type species: Pediopsoides formosanus Matsumura, 1912 Type species: Macropsis flavovirens Kuoh, 1992 Pediopsoides (Celopsis) Hamilton Oncopsis (Oncopsis) Burmeister Pediopsoides (Celopsis) Hamilton, 1980: 896 Bythoscopus (Oncopsis) Burmeister, 1838: 10 [elevated to genus Type species: Macropsis dapitana Merino, 1936 level by Westwood, 1840: 117] Pediopsoides (Sispocnis) Anufriev Zinneca Amyot & Serville, 1843: 579 [synonymized by Oncopsis (Sispocnis) Anufriev, 1967: 174 [combined by Hamilton, 1980: 887] Hamilton, 1980: 897] Type species: Cicada flavicollis Linnaeus, 1761 Type species: Bythoscopus kogotensis Matsumura, 1912 Journal of Insect Science, 2016, Vol. 16, No. 1 3

Figs. 13–20. (13–17) Paragalboa acuta n. gen. & sp.; (18–20) Galboa typica (after China, 1925); (13) Body, dorsal view; (14) Habitus, lateral view; (15, 18) Head and pronotum, dorsal view; (16, 19) Face; (17, 20) Female 7th sternite.

Pediopsoides (Nanopsis) Freytag Type species: Oncopsis balli Kirkaldy, 1907 Nanopsis Freytag, 1974: 605 [reduced to subgenus by Hamilton, Varicopsella Hamilton 1980: 897] Varicopsella Hamilton, 1980: 900 Type species: Jassus verticus Say, 1830 Type species: Macropsis breakeyi Merino, 1936 Pediopsoides (Kiamoncopsis) Linnavuori Zelopsis Evans Kiamoncopsis Linnavuori, 1978: 15 [reduced to subgenus by Zelopsis Evans, 1966: 168 Hamilton, 1980: 899] Type species: Zelopsis nothofagi Evans, 1966 Type species: Kiamoncopsis quartaui Linnavuori, 1978 Reticopsella Viraktamath Reticopsella Viraktamath, 1996: 184 Paragalboa gen. nov. Type species: Reticopsella orientalis Viraktamath, 1996 (urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:786ED9BB-64D8-43AF-BEA7- Reticopsis Hamilton 0EE8F3908619) Reticopsis Hamilton, 1980: 885 Type species: Paragalboa acuta sp. n., original designation Type species: Pediopsis nubila Van Duzee, 1890 Coloration and morphology. Body brown (or green), wedge- Ruandopsis Linnavuori shaped. Crown in dorsal view angulate, shorter medially than next Ruandopsis Linnavuori, 1978:15 to eye. Face width across eyes approximately equal to length; clypeal Type species: Ruandopsis kayovea Linnavuori, 1978 Stenopsoides Evans suture absent; clypeo-loral suture poorly developed; clypellus pro- Stenopsoides Evans, 1941: 153 duced distally, without apical notch; Ocelli white, about 4 times Type species: Stenopsoides turneri Evans, 1941 closer to adjacent eyes than to each other. Pronotum declivous an- Stenoscopus Evans teriorly, almost as wide as the head in dorsal view, with oblique ser- Stenoscopus Evans, 1934: 166 ies of elliptical punctuations terminating on posterior margin. Type species: Stenoscopus drummondi Evans, 1934 Scutellum broadly triangular, longer than pronotum, punctate medi- Toropsis Hamilton ally. Forewing with three closed anteapical cells. Hind tibia chaeto- Toropsis Hamilton, 1980: 886 taxy PD 12, AD 8, AV 5. 4 Journal of Insect Science, 2016, Vol. 16, No. 1

Figs. 21–27. Paragalboa acuta sp. nov. (21) Male pygofer and subgenital plate, lateral view; (22) Aedeagus, ventral view; (23) Aedeagus, lateral view; (24) Connective, ventral view; (25) Connective, lateral view; (26) Style, lateral view; (27) Dorsal connective, lateral view.

Male genitalia. Male pygofer side slightly higher than long, with Male. Body length including tegmina 3.3 mm. ventral process well developed, slender and elongate. Subgenital Coloration. Body dull stramineous (Fig. 13). Mesonotum with plates slightly broadened distally with numerous irregularly basolateral angles dark brown (Fig. 15). Face infused with brown arranged long fine setae. Aedeagus tubular, shaft slender, bent dor- dorsally, darker near eyes, eyes red brown. Ocelli white (Fig. 16). sally, gonopore apical; dorsal apodeme well developed, columnlike. Forewing hyaline except with white opaque sclerotization in Style slender, slightly broadened pre-apically. Connective small, me- costal cell, veins pale except with some infuscation near apex dian anterior lobe well developed between dorsally bent anterolat- (Fig. 14). eral arms. Paired dorsal connectives large and well sclerotized. Morphology. External morphology as described for genus. Distribution. Madagascar. Male genitalia. Pygofer with ventral process arising on ventral Etymology. This new genus name is intended to accentuate its margin and curved dorsad along the margin of lobe, not reaching morphological similarity to Galboa. Gender: female. the upper margin. Subgenital plate with marginal setae on dorsal re- Notes. The long rostrum of Paragalboa resembles that of Galboa gion, apex with denser setae (Fig. 21). Aedeagus tubular, shaft slen- der, bent dorsally, gonopore apical (Figs. 22 and 23). Style slender, and the occurrence of both genera in the Malagasy subregion sug- slightly broadened preapically, with sparse row of fine setae gests that they are related. However, Paragalboa is smaller than dorsally, apex upturned (Fig. 26). Dorsal connectives M-shaped Galboa, lacks white spots on the forewing veins, has the clypellus with slender ends, front end tapered and caudal end foot shaped produced apically (not notched as in Galboa), and has the female (Fig. 27). 7th sternite strongly produced rather than concave posteriorly. Until Female. Body length including tegmina 3.5–3.7 mm. males are described for Galboa, the relationship between these gen- Body colouration and appearance similar to those of males, but era will remain uncertain. The male genitalia of Paragalboa resem- body size larger. 7th sternite, about twice as long as 6th, strongly bles those of Ruandopsis, recorded from Africa and the Australian produced in middle of posterior margin and with the caudal margin region, and Macropsella, recorded from the Australian region. concave (Fig. 17). Type Material. HOLOTYPE: 1 male, Madagascar: Diego-Suarez Province Parc National Montagne D’Ambre, 26-I-2001, 960m, Paragalboa acuta sp. nov. 1230’52”S, 4910’53”E, ME Irwin, EI Schlinger, R. Harin’Hala; (Figs. 13–17, 21–27) PARATYPES: 2 males, 6 females, same data. (urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D6FB11F1-8BCA-470D-82FA- Etymology. This new specific epithet refers to the tapering end 8BF31937C8A7) of the dorsal connectives. Journal of Insect Science, 2016, Vol. 16, No. 1 5

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