Chapter 2 Existing Conditions 6 CHAPTER 2 • EXISTING CONDITIONS CHAPTER 2. EXISTING CONDITIONS This chapter summarizes important background elements that are essen- tial information for the development of the Emeryville Sustainable Trans- portation Plan. This information includes Emeryville’s demographic com- position, existing land use conditions and planned land uses in Emeryville and their relationship to transportation. It also discusses existing elements of the city’s circulation network, transit connections, and transportation demand programs that are currently in place. The information found in this chapter serves as the basis for understanding the existing environ- ment within Emeryville. Demographics and Land Use Population, Housing, and Employment Emeryville has experienced dramatic growth in population, housing and jobs over the past several decades, as industrial uses gave way to retail, employment, and housing development. Demographics such as age distribution, auto ownership, and the travel behavior of residents, em- As of 2010, the City of Emeryville is estimated to have a population of ployees, and visitors is important information to support the design of 10,100, a 47% increase since 2000. Employment declined slightly dur- a transportation system that best ing the same time period, from 19,860 jobs in 2000 to 18,610 jobs in Emeryville has one of the meets the needs of residents, em- 2010.1 This decline may be attributed to the recent economic slowdown highest jobs to employed ployees and visitors, especially one in the nation’s economy. Population, housing and jobs are all expected to resident ratios in the Bay that enables and encourages use of continue to grow steadily throughout the General Plan buildout period as Area, with 4.2 jobs per alternative modes. shown in Figure 2-1. employed resident in 2005. 1 The sources for all data in this chapter, except as otherwise indicated, are the 2000 US Census, 2000 Census Transportation Planning Package (CTPP), and Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG), “Projections 2009” EMERYVILLE SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION BACKGROUND REPORT 2-1 Emeryville has one of the highest jobs to employed resident ratios in the Figure 2-2 Age Distribution as Percentage of Total Bay Area, with 4.2 jobs per employed resident in 2005. In the future, Population the City is planning to focus more development on housing compared to US Census ABAG Projections job growth, and as a result is expected to have 2.6 jobs per employed resident by the year 2030.2 The percentage of households renting versus Age Distribution 1990 2000 2010 2030 owning did not change significantly between 1990 and 2000, with 37% of 18 years old and under* 13% 11% 23% 20% housing units being owner-occupied and 62% being renter-occupied. 65 years and over 9% 10% 11% 21% Figure 2-1 Population, Housing and Job Growth Total: 22% 21% 34% 41% * ABAG Projections for youth are defined as 19 years and under Build-out Percent Change 2000- 2010- Disability Status 2000 2010 2030 2010 2030 In 2000, 21% of the civilian non-institutionalized population five years Population 6,882 10,100 15,500 47% 53% and over in Emeryville indicated having a disability (including temporary Housing Units 3,975 5,770 9,755 45% 69% disability). Comparatively, 18% of the non-institutionalized population five Jobs 19,860 18,610 30,000 -6% 61% years and over in the San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA Metropolitan 3 Source: Department of Finance 2008, ABAG Projections 2009, City of Emeryville, Dyett & Area indicated having a disability. Bhatia 2008. Household Income and Auto Ownership Age Distribution In 2000, the median household income in the City of Emeryville was In 1990, 13% of the total population was 18 years or under and just $45,359 with 28% of households having income less than $25,000/year. under 9% of the population was 65 years or over. In 2000, the number 11% of the households in Emeryville did not have access to a vehicle in of people age 18 or younger dropped to 11%, whereas the number of 2000, similar to the nine-county San Francisco Bay Area, of which 10% people age 65 and over increased to 10%. These trends continue the of households did not have access to a vehicle in 2000. Association of Bay Area Government’s (ABAG) age projections for years 2010 and 2030. The projected number of people 19 years and under in Journey to Work 2010 is 23% of the total population, but this number drops in the 2030 projections to 20% of the population. The difference between the Census Employed residents of the City of Emeryville have a lower drive-alone rate data and ABAG’s projections may reflect a large number of 19 year-olds (57%) compared to the San Francisco Bay Area (68%), especially if they as well as an increase in the number of people under 20. The number of also work in Emeryville (see Figures 2-3 and 2-4 below), whereas employ- people who are 65 years and over will continue to increase according to ees in Emeryville who live elsewhere have a higher-drive alone rate than ABAG’s predictions from 11% in 2010 to 21% in 2030. Expectations that the Bay Area average. The percent of resident commuters using public nearly one quarter of the population will be over the age of 65 by 2030 transit rose from 13% to 19% between 1990 and 2000, primarily because indicate that a re-evaluation of transportation needs and services in the of the successful Emery Go-Round shuttle service.4 Emery Go-Round longer term will be necessary. Figure 2-2 summarizes the age distribution ridership rose by approximately 70% during that time period. At the in 1990 and 2000, and projected by ABAG in 2010 and 2030. 3 US Census Bureau, Census 2000, Table P119: Imputation of Disability Items for the Civil- ian Non-institutionalized Population 5-years and over. 4 US Census Bureau, Census 1990, Table P049: Means of Transportation to Work: Work- 2 Department of Finance 2008, ABAG Projections 2009, City of Emeryville, Dyett & Bhatia ers 16 years and over (STF-3); Census 2000, Table P30: Means of Transportation to 2008 Work: Workers 16 years and over (SF-3) 2-2 CHAPTER 2 • EXISTING CONDITIONS same time, the number of residents who commute to work in a carpool decreased from 17% to 9%, a drop of eight percentage points between 2000 and 2010.5 Commute times for Emeryville residents increased by almost 20% between 1990 and 2000. The average travel time to work in 1990 was 22 minutes; by 2000 it had increased to 26 minutes. Figure 2-3 Work Commute Mode - Employed Emeryville SF Bay Area Mode 1990 2000 2000 Drove alone 58% 57% 68% Carpooled 17% 9% 13% Public transportation 13% 19% 10% Walked 4% 6% 4% Other means 3% 3% 2% Worked at home 5% 6% 3% Image from Nelson\Nygaard In 2000, 6% of workers in Emeryville who lived In 2000, 22% of Emeryville residents also worked Commute times for Emeryville elsewhere rode transit to work. However, in the in Emeryville, but the most common job location for residents increased by almost 20% last eight years, Emery Go-Round ridership has employed residents was the City of San Francisco between 1990 and 2000. The increased significantly, with almost half of MacArthur (26%), and another 17% worked in Oakland. The average travel time to work in 1990 BART patrons transferring to or from the Emery Go- most common residential locations of Emeryville was 22 minutes; by 2000 it had increased to 26 minutes. Round (see this chapter’s section on transit), sug- employees were San Francisco (27%) and Contra gesting that a larger proportion of workers are using Costa County (24%). Overall, of all jobs in Em- transit to come from other locations to work in Emeryville. Figure 2-4 eryville, 95% are occupied by employees living elsewhere. summarizes the travel mode of commuters working or living in Emeryville. A large proportion – 28% – of residents who worked in Emeryville walked to work in 2000 (as compared to only 3.2% of all Bay Area commuters) and another 4% rode a bicycle. Only 37% of Emeryville residents who worked in Emeryville drove alone, compared to 60% of residents who worked outside Emeryville. A significant number of Emeryville residents working elsewhere carpooled (10%) or used public transit (28%). Of Em- eryville workers living elsewhere, 77% drove alone and 13% carpooled. 21.9% of Emeryville residents take transit to work, while only 6.2% of Emeryville workers take transit to access their place of work in Emeryville. 5 The most recent journey-to-work data for the City of Emeryville is from the 2000 Census Transportation Planning Package (CTPP). EMERYVILLE SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION BACKGROUND REPORT 2-3 Figure 2-4 Travel Mode of Commuters in 2000 Travel Mode of Commuters Drive Work Total Emeryville Residents Alone Carpool Transit Bicycle Walk Other at Home Population Work in Emeryville 37% 5.3% 25% 3.8% 28% 1.1% 25% 1,000 Work Elsewhere 60% 10% 28% 0.7% 0.1% 2.0% n/a 4,000 Emeryville Workers Live Elsewhere 77% 13% 6.4% 1.3% 1.4% 0.7% n/a 17,000 Source: 2000 US Census Transportation Planning Package Planning Context concerns about climate change, with a wide range of other motivating Several important planning efforts have recently been completed or are factors expressed by stakeholders and the community, including oppor- currently underway that will have a significant impact on the transporta- tunities to improve public and personal health; reducing environmental tion system and its relationship with the built environment.