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Toungoo Field Report: Slow Transitions Towards Real Change, January to December 2015
Toungoo Field Report: Slow transitions towards real change, January to December 2015 January 20, 2017 Field Report January 20, 2017 / KHRG #16-6-F1 Toungoo Field Report: Poor transitions towards real change, January to December 2015 This Field Report includes information submitted by KHRG researchers describing events occurring in Toungoo District between January 2015 and December 2015. It describes different human rights violations and other issues important to the local community, including: military activities, land confiscation, healthcare, education, drug issues, discrimination against Muslim people, and development projects that took place in Toungoo District. This report also describes local residents’ concerns about military activities, development, education, healthcare, and land confiscation. • Land that has been traditionally possessed along with land titles by the local residents in Htantabin Township, Toungoo District was forcibly confiscated by the Tatmadaw as well as Burma/Myanmar government, by giving permission to companies such as Kaung Myanmar Aung and Shwe Swan In in order for them to carry out business operations in rural areas. • In Thandaunggyi Township, the students from the primary school had received free education services for two years at the time of reporting, as well as books, bag, pencils and 1000 kyat (US $0.75) per student from Burma/Myanmar government. However, the education students are receiving is poor, as school teachers are often absent; they frequently leave the village to visit their homes, which can take up to two weeks per trip. • The Burma/Myanmar government healthcare services are not reaching remote areas in Toungoo District. Healthcare services in areas such as Thandaung Myo Thit are therefore poor due to the lack of medicine in clinics, and medics and doctors are providing insufficient services to local residents. -
Tourism Development in Thandaung Gyi a Grounded Theory Study On
Tourism Development in Thandaung Gyi A Grounded Theory Study on Tourism Development Thomas L. Maatjens Department of Geography, Planning and Environment, Radboud University Master Thesis Prof. Dr. Huib Ernste Feb. 28, 2020 i Preface The writing process of this thesis has been long and at times very hard for me. However, I am incredibly proud of the result, with which I am about to complete my Cultural Geography and Tourism master’s degree and thus conclude my studies at Radboud University Nijmegen. My time at Radboud University has been incredibly rewarding and I am looking forward to what the future might hold. The research and writing process of this thesis would not have been possible without the help of several people. First, I would like to thank my thesis supervisor Prof. Dr. Huib Ernste for his time and support. My time in the Republic of Myanmar would not have been as fulfilling as it was without the help of my internship supervisor Marlo Perry and the team of the Myanmar Responsible Tourism Institute in Yangon. I would like to thank them and the people of Thandaung Gyi for their hospitality and support. I would also like to thank Jan and Marlon for their support and last, but not least, I would like to thank my girlfriend Hannah for her love and dedication to me. Thomas L. Maatjens Nijmegen, February 28, 2020 ii Executive Summary This thesis seeks to understand the process of tourism development in Thandaung Gyi, within the context of the region’s economic development and ongoing peace process. -
Business Conglomerates in the Context of Myanmar's Economic
Chapter 6 Business Conglomerates in the Context of Myanmar’s Economic Reform Aung Min and Toshihiro Kudo Abstract The purpose of this paper is to identify the role of conglomerates in the context of Myanmar’s economic reform process. The paper addresses the research question of the role of business conglomerates and the Myanmar economy, such as are they growth engines or just political cronies? We select some of the top conglomerates in Myanmar and assess their profile, performance, and strategies and examine the sources of growth and limitations for future growth and prospects. The top groups chosen for this paper are Htoo, Kanbawza, Max, Asia World, IGE, Shwe Taung, Serge Pun Associates (SPA)/First Myanmar Investment Group of Companies (FMI), Loi Hein, IBTC, Myanmar Economic Corporation (MEC), and Union of Myanmar Economic Holdings Ltd. (UMEHL). There are other local conglomerates that this paper does not address and they include Shwe Than Lwin Group, Eden Group, Capital and Dagon International etc., which are suggested for further research about Myanmar’s conglomerates in the future. Sources of growth and key success factors of the top business groups are their connection with government, contact with foreign partners, and their competency in the past and present. In the context of the economic reform, previously favored business people appear to recognize that the risks of challenging economic reform could outweigh the likely benefits. In addition, some of the founders and top management of the conglomerates are still subject to US sanctions. Market openness, media monitoring, competition by local and foreign players, sanctions, and the changing trends of policy and the economy limit the growth of conglomerates. -
Mon State & Kayin State
MON STATE & KAYIN STATE Ministry of Hotels & Tourism Office No.33 | Nay Pyi Taw +95 (0)67 4061 30 +95 (0)67 4064 54 [email protected] HIGHLIGHTS Individual, culturally rich and scenically inspiring Mon Boasting varied landscapes which include islands, hills, tropical forest, crop land and plantations, Mon State covers the upper part of the Tanintharyi Peninsula. Its capital, Mawlamyine (also known Mawlamyaing) is Myanmar’s 4th largest city, and the capital of the former British Empire. The state is renowned for Kyaikhtiyo Pagoda, aptly named Golden Rock, and Win Sein Taw Ya, which is the site of the world’s largest reclining Buddha statue. Such rich religious cultural heritage is unsurprising given that Mon is where Theravada Buddhism was first established in Myanmar some 2,500 years ago. Kayin Encircled by karst limestone peaks that soar out of lush green paddy fields, Hpa An, is the picturesque capital of Kayin State (also known as Karen). Most famous for its impressive and very sacred limestone caves, Kayin State also offers many scenic spots comprising of hills and rivers, and farmlands. A popular place to start the ascent of Mount Zwegabin is Lumbini Garden, home to over 1,100 Buddha statues. Take time to appreciate the stunning views of this mountainous area before taking a slow boat down the Thanlyin River to exotic Mawlamyine in Mon State. Mon - a place of WELCOME TO spiritual birth and rebirth Mon State is vibrantly spiritual; monasteries offer insight awareness meditation (satipatthana vipassana), and Pa Auk Taw MON & KAYIN Ya, which at 500 acres is one of the largest meditation centres in Myanmar, is about 10km from Mawlamyine. -
Kayin State - Myanmar
Myanmar Information Management Unit KAYIN STATE - MYANMAR Loikaw Nay Pyi Taw-Lewe Lewe Shadaw 96°0'E Naypyitaw Airport(Ela) 96°40'E 97°20'E 98°0'E 98°40'E 99°20'E NAY PYI Demoso Bhutan TAW SHAN India China Bangladesh Hpruso Thandaunggyi Vietnam 19°20'N Laos 19°20'N Leik Tho Bawlakhe Thailand Yedashe Ywarthit Kaytumati Thandaunggyi Cambodia Taungoo KAYAH Air Base Thandaung Taungoo Baw Ga Li Hpasawng Oktwin Htantabin Mese 18°40'N 18°40'N Phyu BYETKYI IN Kyaukkyi Penwegon Kyauktaga Hpapun BAGO Hpapun Minhla 18°0'N Nyaunglebin 18°0'N Madauk Pyuntasa Shwegyin Daik-U Letpadan Thayarwady Thonse THAILAND MOYINGYI RESERVOIR Okekan Waw Shan Ywar Thit Ahpyauk Bago MON Kamarmaung Taikkyi Hantharwady Kyaikto 17°20'N Thanatpin 17°20'N Bilin Hlaingbwe Hmawbi Airport Hlaingbwe Hmawbi Hlegu Kawa Htaukkyant Htantabin Paingkyon YANGON Hpa-An Shwepyithar Thaton Hpa-An Yangon Kayan Airport Airport Myawaddy Hlaingtharya Yangon Hpa-An City KAYIN Thanlyin Thongwa Twantay Tadar Myawaddy 16°40'N Kyauktan 16°40'N Paung Kyondoe Kawhmu Kawkareik Mawlamyine Kawkareik Mawlamyine Kyaiklat Kungyangon Airport Dedaye Kyaikmaraw Chaungzon Waw Lay Mudon Myaing AYEYARWADY (Waw Lay) Su Ka Li Kyaikkhami Kyainseikgyi Andaman Sea Kyaikdon 16°0'N Thanbyuzayat 16°0'N Kyainseikgyi Lamaing Hpayarthonesu 15°20'N 15°20'N Kilometers Ye 010 20 40 60 96°0'E 96°40'E 97°20'E 98°0'E 98°40'E 99°20'E Elevation (Meter) Map ID: MIMU940v02 Legend Data Sources : Myanmar Information Management Unit (MIMU) < 50 Khawzar 1,250 - 1,500 3,000 - 3,250 Major Road Township Boundary River/Water Body Base -
Kayah State Myanmar South East Operation - UNHCR Hpa-An 31 March 2016
Return Assessments - Kayah State Myanmar South East Operation - UNHCR Hpa-An 31 March 2016 Background information Since June 2013, UNHCR has been piloting a system to assess spontaneous returns in the Southeast of Myanmar, a process that may start in the absence of an organized Voluntary Repatriation operation. Total Assessments 128 A verified return village, therefore, is a village where UNHCR field staff have confirmed there are refugees and/or IDPs who have returned since January 2012 with the intention of remaining Verified Return Villages permanently. During the assessments, communities are also asked whether their village is a refugee 44 village of origin, by definition a village that is home to people residing in a refugee camp in Thailand. A village where UNHCR completes an assessment can be both a verified return village and a refugee Refugee Villages of Origin 94 village of origin, as the two are not mutually exclusive. Using a “do no harm” approach based around community level discussion, the return assessment collect information about the patterns and needs of returnees in the Southeast. The project does not, however, attempt to represent the total number of returnees in a state, or the region as a whole. The returnee monitoring project has been underway in Kayah State, Mon State and Tanintharyi Region since June 2013, and expanded to Kayin State in December 2013. Verified Return Villages by Township ^^ ± Demoso 8 26 ^^^ ^^^^^ Hpasawng 11 ^ ^_^ ^ 5 ^ Loikaw 6 29 ^ ^_ Shadaw 19 ^ ^_ ^ 14 Shan (South) ^ ^_ ^ Bawlakhe 5 ^_Loikaw 2 ^ ^ ^_ Hpruso 7 29 ^_ ^_ ^_^_^_ Shadaw Mese 9 ^ ^_^_ ^ 2 ^^ ^_ ^_Demoso^^ ^_ Assessments Verified Return Villages ^^^ ^_^_ ^ ^ ^_ ^ ^_ ^^_^ ^^^ ^_ No. -
2.2.16 Myanmar Heho Airport
2.2.16 Myanmar Heho Airport The airport is located 3.7 Km North West of Heho town. Condition of the runway is good and it runs from South to North. The airport is busy all year round. There are nine airlines; Myanmar National Airlines, Air KBZ, Asia Wings, Yangon airway, Apex Airline, Mann Yadanarpon airlines, Golden Myanmar Airlines, FMI Air and Yangon Airways operates in the Heho airport. There are no international airlines except tour charter and ambulance. There are regular flights, everyday, 32 to 38 times per day in high season (October to February). The routes of the flight runs from Heho to Yangon, Mandalay, Lashio, Kengtung, Tarchileik, Monghsat and Bangan. There is no designated helipad in place. However, it can be arranged on apron for VIP flight. No cargo handling equipment facilities in this airport as it is mainly used for tourism. The largest plane that can be handled are medium-sized 100-seat planes such as EMB-190 / B-717. The run way is made of asphalt concrete and strength (PCN) is approximately 68 Metric ton. Airfield Details Country Myanmar Latitude 20°44'49.36"N Province / District Shan State/ Taunggyi Longitude 96°47' 31.28"E Airfield Name Heho Elevation (ft) 1199.1m / 3933ft IATA & ICAO codes HEH / VYHH Surface Asphalt /concrete 68,039 Kg Town or City (closest) Taunggyi 33.1km Runway Condition Good NGO / UN (on ground) No Passenger / Cargo Security Yes Screening (Yes / No) Runway Dimension 2591 (m) x 45 (m) Ground Handling (Yes / No) Yes, luggage trolleys manual only Refuelling Capacity National Energy Puma Aviation Service (a Joint Venture company of MPPE). -
Kayin State Economy Overview Kayin State Profile: Location: Southern Myanmar Shared Borders: Mandalay Division and Shan State To
Kayin State Economy Overview Kayin State Profile: Location: Southern Myanmar Shared borders: Mandalay Division and Shan State to the north Kayah State and Thailand to the east Bago Division and Mon State to the west Area: 30,383 sq. km Ethnicity: the area was previously known as Karen State, and is mainly inhabited by Karen ethnicities, which are also known as Sagaw Karen, Pwo Karen, Bwe Karen, Paku Karen, and other ethnicities, such as Mon, Shan, Burmese, and Pa-O. Population: 1,504,079 (Myanmar National Population and Housing Census 2014) Population density: 51. 8 persons per square kilometer, which ranks 10th in state population density in Myanmar. For the population in urban and rural areas, the census results showed that for every 100 persons, 78 persons lived in rural areas while 22 persons live in urban areas. The Population Pyramid of Kayin State, 2014 Source: 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census Geography Kayin state is formed of 4 districts, 7 townships and 458 villages with 30,383 sq. km area of land. The lowland areas, especially in the west, practice rice farming. In the east, many areas are hilly and covered with forests, with people practicing upland farming. The rocky Dawna Mountain range runs along the length of Kayin state in the east, and the southern and western parts of Kayin state, particularly around Hpa-An area. Air and Rail Transport Kayin State lacks railway infrastructure. The main rail line is only linked to the closest town in Mon State. The airport in Hpa-An and Pha-pun are rarely used for domestic and international flights. -
The Situation in Karen State After the Elections PAPER No
EBO ANALYSIS The Situation in Karen State after the Elections PAPER No. 1 2011 THE SITUATION IN KAREN STATE AFTER THE ELECTIONS EBO Analysis Paper No. 1/2011 For over sixty years the Karens have been fighting the longest civil war in recent history. The struggle, which has seen demands for an autonomous state changed to equal recognition within a federal union, has been bloody and characterized by a number of splits within the movement. While all splinter groups ostensibly split to further ethnic Karen aspirations; recent decisions by some to join the Burmese government’s Border Guard Force (BGF) is seen as an end to such aspirations. Although a number of Karen political parties were formed to contest the November elections, the likelihood of such parties seriously securing appropriate ethnic representation without regime capitulation is doubtful. While some have argued, perhaps correctly, that the only legitimate option was to contest the elections, the closeness of some Karen representatives to the current regime can only prolong the status quo. This papers examines the problems currently affecting Karen State after the 7 November elections. THE BORDER GUARD FORCE Despite original promises of being allowed to recruit a total of 9,000 troops, the actual number of the DKBA (Democratic Karen Buddhist Army) or Karen Border Guard Force has been reduced considerably. In fact, a number of the original offers made to the DKBA have been revoked. At a 7 May 2010 meeting held at Myaing Gyi Ngu, DKBA Chairman U Tha Htoo Kyaw stated that ‘According to the SE Commander, the BGF will retain the DKBA badge.’ In fact the DKBA were given uniforms with SPDC military patches and all Karen flags in DKBA areas were removed and replaced by the national flag. -
Myanmar Aviation Sector
Myanmar Aviation Sector- Market Snapshot Myanmar Headlines Myanmar has 69 airports: three international, 30 domestic airports, and 36 dormant.1 Three international airports have now been built, though there are 66 remaining airports require further upgrades across the country. The aviation market in Myanmar is competitive, especially among local airlines. There are currently 11 local licensed airlines in Myanmar and 28 international airlines operating in Myanmar. Flag-carrier Myanmar National Airlines – which rebranded from Myanma Airways in 2014 – has the largest domestic fleet with 13 planes, followed by Air KBZ with eight aircraft as of April 2014.2 The eight other domestic carriers including Air Mandalay, Yangon Airways and Mann Yadanarbon have a total of 16 aircraft. International airlines such as Emirates, Qatar, Dragon air, Air China and KLM were launched flights to Myanmar in late 2016. According to the Myanmar Department of Civil Aviation (DCA), the number of passengers in 2013 increased to 4.2 million from 3.6 million in 2012. By 2030, that number is expected to rise to 30 million. Air flight traffic remains small at only 3,289 fright ton-miles in 2014-15. It is expected to grow significantly when infrastructure develops.3 Market Situation Myanmar Department of Civil Aviation (DCA) has a strategic plan to further expand the aviation sector with four objectives: pursue the liberalisation of economic regulations in the aviation sector strengthen air linkages promote airline businesses improve infrastructure The opportunities for all types of carriers in the market are vast as it is currently the most underserved region in ASEAN and perhaps all of Asia. -
Improving the Incomes and Nutrition Outcomes of Rural Poor in Northern Kayin State: Nutritional Causal Analysis
Improving the Incomes and Nutrition Outcomes of Rural Poor in Northern Kayin State: Nutritional Causal Analysis Consortium partners: Consortium of Dutch NGO’s (CDN) World Concern Myanmar (WCM) Cordaid Advisory partner: SNV Local implementing partners: Taungoo Thandawn Bwe Moh Bwa Karen Baptist Association (BMB) Taungoo Kehko Kehbah Karen Baptist Association (KKBA) Taungoo Paku Karen Baptist (PKBA) Karuna Myanmar Social Services (KMSS) NCA Consultants: Mekong Economics Myanmar October 2016 – January 2017 P a g e | 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Figures ........................................................................................................................... 2 List of Tables ................................................................................................................................ 3 List of Acronyms .......................................................................................................................... 3 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................... 4 1 Methodology ........................................................................................................................ 7 Nutrition Causal Analysis (NCA) .......................................................................................................... 7 NCA in Kayin ........................................................................................................................................ 8 2 Context ............................................................................................................................. -
Government's Policy Trade and Investment
Weekly Business News 1‐14 November 2013 Government’s Policy 1/ Myanmar to draft national energy plan Myanmar Business Today, 31 October-6 November 2013 Myanmar Government has begun drafting a national energy policy to meet the international norms and standards. The drafting is in cooperation with development partnership organizations as well as experts in this field. Trade and Investment 2/ MPT invites Tenders for Nationwide WiFi services Myanmar Business Today, 31 October-6 November 2013 The state-run Myanmar Post and Telecommunications (MPT) has invited local and overseas companies to implement broadband wireless (WiFi) service in Myanmar. Interested companies are to be submit the relevant documents to MPT by 30 November 2013. 3/ ChinaMyanmar gas pipeline becomes fully operational Myanmar Business Today, 31 October-6 November 2013 China-Myanmar gas pipeline has gone into full operation after its completed the section connecting the cities of Lufeng and Guigenc in southwest China. The pipeline send 12 billion cbm of natural gas annually to southwest China, which will reduce China’s coal consumption by 30.72 million tonnes per year. 4/ Yoma to run Volkswagen’s first service centre in Myanmar Myanmar Business Today, 31 October-6 November 2013 Singapore-based Yoma Strategic Holdings’ 70-percent-held subsidiary German Car Industries Company (GCI) has enter into a service partner agreement with German automaker Volkswagen AG (VW) to operate VW’s first service centre in Yangon. 5/ Foreign investment in Myanmar increases: DICA http://elevenmyanmar.com/business/4035-foreign-investment-in-myanmar-increases-dica Foreign investment in Myanmar has exceeded 43 billion USD, as nine countries including Britain and France have made mew investments in the past month.