Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System the World Bank Metro Manila Water
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T he World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System Metro Manila Water Security Study Public Disclosure Authorized Final Report Public Disclosure Authorized July 2012 CTI Engineering International Co., Ltd. in association with Public Disclosure Authorized Woodfields Consultants, Inc. TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................. 1-1 1.1 Background............................................................................................................................1-1 1.2 Objectives of the Study..........................................................................................................1-1 1.3 Study Area..............................................................................................................................1-2 1.4 Study Schedule ......................................................................................................................1-2 CHAPTER 2. SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITION OF STUDY AREA .................................. 2-1 2.1 Population ..............................................................................................................................2-1 2.2 Gross Domestic Product and Gross Value Added..................................................................2-3 2.3 Income and Poverty Statistics................................................................................................2-3 2.4 Water Related Disease ...........................................................................................................2-4 2.5 Indigenous People..................................................................................................................2-4 CHAPTER 3. CURRENT WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM AND DEVELOPMENT................... 3-1 3.1 Water Supply System for MWSS Service Area.....................................................................3-1 3.1.1 Raw Water Source.....................................................................................................3-1 3.1.2 Water Transmission System ......................................................................................3-2 3.1.3 Water Supply from Angat-Umiray System ...............................................................3-4 3.1.4 Hydrological Conditions of Angat-Umiray System ..................................................3-5 3.2 Water Shortage and Conflicts among Water Users .............................................................. 3-11 3.2.1 Water Shortage ........................................................................................................ 3-11 3.2.2 Dependable Raw Water Supply Capacity................................................................3-13 3.3 Existing Institutional Condition and Issues .........................................................................3-15 3.3.1 Existing Organizational Structures for Water Supply .............................................3-15 3.3.2 Issues on Water Supply in Institutional Aspect .......................................................3-18 3.3.3 Proposed Institutional Arrangement........................................................................3-21 CHAPTER 4. REVIEW AND UPDATE OF WATER DEMAND PROJECTION .................. 4-1 4.1 Domestic Water......................................................................................................................4-1 4.1.1 Per Capita Domestic Water Demand.........................................................................4-1 4.1.2 Population and Coverage ..........................................................................................4-6 4.1.3 Domestic Water Demand Projection .........................................................................4-7 4.2 Commercial and Industrial Water Demand............................................................................4-7 4.2.1 Actual Consumption in MWSS Service Area ...........................................................4-7 4.2.2 Demand Projection....................................................................................................4-8 4.3 Non Revenue Water (NRW) ..................................................................................................4-9 4.3.1 Previous NRW and Improvement .............................................................................4-9 4.3.2 Target NRW Rate ......................................................................................................4-9 4.4 Water Demand Projection....................................................................................................4-10 4.4.1 Buffer – Operational Demand.................................................................................4-10 i 4.4.2 Treated Water Distribution......................................................................................4-10 4.4.3 Total Water Demand Projection ..............................................................................4-10 CHAPTER 5. ALTERNATIVE WATER SOURCES ................................................................. 5-1 5.1 Possible Water Sources ..........................................................................................................5-1 5.1.1 Marine/Coastal Water................................................................................................5-1 5.1.2 Rain Water.................................................................................................................5-2 5.2 Fresh Surface Water...............................................................................................................5-3 5.2.1 Fresh Surface Water Sources.....................................................................................5-3 5.2.2 Development Plans of Proposed Water Sources .......................................................5-9 5.2.3 Summary of Development Plan ..............................................................................5-24 5.3 Evaluation of Alternative Water Sources .............................................................................5-26 5.3.1 Cost Estimation .......................................................................................................5-26 5.3.2 Financial Analysis ...................................................................................................5-29 5.3.3 Unit Water Cost.......................................................................................................5-33 5.3.4 Economic Analysis..................................................................................................5-37 5.3.5 Environmental Condition........................................................................................5-42 5.3.6 Social Conditions ....................................................................................................5-75 5.3.7 Summary of Social Conditions of Water Source...................................................5-102 CHAPTER 6. ROAD MAP........................................................................................................... 6-1 6.1 Conditions of Water Source Development Plan.....................................................................6-1 6.1.1 Water Demand and Supply........................................................................................6-1 6.1.2 Screening of New Water Sources..............................................................................6-2 6.1.3 Selection of Water Sources for Development Plan ...................................................6-4 6.1.4 Selection of Large Scale Water Source Development...............................................6-7 6.2 Water Source Development Plan ...........................................................................................6-9 6.2.1 Scenarios for Water Source Development.................................................................6-9 6.2.2 Conclusion ..............................................................................................................6-12 6.2.3 Recommendation.....................................................................................................6-12 ii LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1 Study Area ..................................................................................................................1-2 Table 2.1 Population and Growth Rate in the Study Area..........................................................2-1 Table 2.2 Population Density (1980-2007) ................................................................................2-2 Table 2.3 Projected Population by 5-year Interval by Region (2010-2040)...............................2-2 Table 2.4 Projected Population in MWSS Service Area (NSO).................................................2-2 Table 2.5 Share of Gross Value Added of NCR, Region III and Region IV-A ..........................2-3 Table 2.6 Annual Average Family Income.................................................................................2-3 Table 2.7 Annual per Capita Poverty Threshold and Incidence of Poverty ...............................2-4 Table 2.8 Water Related Diseases ..............................................................................................2-4 Table 3.1 Present Raw Water Sources for MWSS Service Area................................................3-1 Table 3.2 Features of Angat-Umiray System .............................................................................3-2 Table 3.3 Features