SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION MUSEUM O F NATURAL HISTORY UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 277 A Revision of the Scenopinidae (Diptera) of the World L. P. KELSEY University of Delaware SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS CITY OF WASHINGTON 1969 Publications of the United States National Museum The scientific publications of the United States National Museum include two series, Proceedings of the United States National Museum and United States National Museum Bulletin. In these series are published original articles and monographs dealing with the collections and work of the Museum and setting forth newly acquired facts in the fields of anthropology, biology, geology, history, and technology. Copies of each publication are distributed to libraries and scientific organizations and to specialists and others interested in the various subjects. The Proceedings, begun in 1878, are intended for the publication, in separate form, of shorter papers. These are gathered in volumes, octavo in size, with the publication date of each paper recorded in the table of contents of the volume. In the Bulletin series, the first of which was issued in 1875, appear longer, separate publications consisting of monographs (occasionally in several parts) and volumes in which are collected works on related subjects. Bulletins are either octavo or quarto in size, depending on the needs of the presentation. Since 1902, papers relating to the botanical collections of the Museum have been published in the Bulletin series under the heading Contributions from the United States National Her- barium. This work forms number 277 of the Bulletin series. Frank A. Taylor Director, United States National Museum U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1969 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price $2 (paper cover) Contents Page Introduction 1 Acknowledgments 2 Methods 4 Biological notes 5 Classification 6 Systematic Arrangement 7 Key to Genera of Scenopinidae 13 Genus Scenopinus Latreille 14 Fenestralis group 16 Albicinctus group 45 Brevicornis group 93 ^'elutinus group 110 Genus Caenoneura Krober 162 Genus Pseudomphrale Krober 164 Genus Brevilrichia D. E. Hardy 165 Genus Melatrichia Coquillett 214 Genus Pseudatrichia Osten Sacken 221 Genus Belosta D. E. Hardy 274 Genus Propebrevilrichia, new genus 281 Genus Heteromphrale Krober 286 Genus Prepseudairichia, new genus 286 Genus Seguyella, new genus 294 Genus Neopseudatrichia, new genus 299 Genus Scenopinula Paramonov 304 Genus Reikiella Paramonov 304 Genus Slenomphrale Krober 318 Genus Paratrichia, new genus 320 Literature Cited 323 Index 329 A Revision of the Scenopinidae (Diptera) of the World Introduction Since Krober's (1937) last revision of the Scenopinidae, no attempt has been made to classify this family on a worldwide scale. More recent papers by Paramonov (1955) on Australian Scenopinidae and D. E. Hardy (1944a) on North American species have treated with local faunas and have made valuable contributions to our knowledge. Krober (1913, 1914a, and 1925) included many illustrations of the head and mngs of previously described and new species. D. E. Hardj^ (1944a, 1944b, and 1960) is the first author to illustrate extensively the external genital structures as well. No attempt has been made, up to the present, to make detailed comparative studies of both external and internal structures of the male and female genitalia; only a single illustration of the internal structure of the male was found, that of Scenopinus fenestralis by Engel (1932). The use of the genital structures has led to extensive revision of the famdy, the erection of a number of new genera, and the synonymizing of several which had no apparent justification. The use of the internal genital structure has been invaluable in separating species whose visible external features are so close that they could not otherwise be separated. The type and allotype of every available described species has been figured and any discrepancies in the original descriptions have been noted. Where types have been lost, topotypes agreeing with published figures have been illustrated. In the present classification, the family includes 16 genera, four subgenera, and 214 species. The genus Lagariniis Enderlein (1913), included by Krober (1914a), was placed in synonymy with the genus Chiromyza in the family Stratiomyidae by G. H. Hardy (1921) and Bezzi (1922). Of the 13 genera listed by Krober (1937) only six remain. Two new genera were erected by D. E. Hardy (1944a) and two by Paramonov (1955), while an additional five genera and four subgenera have been erected by me. The following genera have been removed from Krober's list: Cerocatus Rondani (1848) belongs in the Therevidae as indicated by Rondani's plates, and thus will not be treated in this paper. Omphrale Meigen (1800) has recently been suppressed by the Inter- 1 — 2 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 27 7 national Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN, 1963b) and the species described in this genus revert to Scenopinus. Lepidomphrale Krober (1913), with the single species niveus Becker, is returned to Scenopinus where it agrees in all respects with other members of the Albincinctus group. Archiscenopinus Enderlein (1914), with the single species niger DeGeer, is in all ways, except for the widely separated eyes of the male, similar to other members of the genus Scenopinus in the Fenestralis group. Paromphrale Krober (1937) containing the species glabrifrons and antennatus show no genitalic characters that would separate them from other members of the genus Scenopinus and other members of the Fenestralis group. Omphralosoma Krober (1937) cannot stand because squamosa and albifasciatus agree more closely with the Albicinctus and Velutinus groups respectively, than with each other, and the presence of scales on the body hardly warrants their separation. Lucidomphrale Krober (1937), with the single species lucidus, agrees with the members of the Albicinctus group except for the long aedeagal parameres of the male. Acknowledgments This study has taken several years to accomplish and would have been impossible without the cooperation and helpful suggestions of many colleagues. I wish particularly to thank Dr. Willis W. Wirth and Curtis Sabrosky of the U. S Department of Agriculture, Washing- ton, D. C, for their enthusiastic encouragement of this study and for their many helpful suggestions in the preparation of this manuscript; Dr. George M. Worrilow, Dean, School of Agriculture, University of Delaware, and Dr. Morris Cover, Director, Delaware Agricultural Experiment Station, for their assistance in obtaining grants from the General Faculty Research Funds and General Research Funds Agricultural Experiment Station, which made possible an opportunity to visit museums in England, France and Belgium, to study the type specimens not available on loan; Dr. Dale F. Bray, Chairman, Depart- ment of Entomology and Applied Ecology, University of Delaware, for his encouragement and support of this study. Publication No. 366 of the Department of Entomology and Applied Ecology. I also wish to express my appreciation to the following persons and institutions for the unselfish loan of material, including types with permission to dissect genitalia, which helped to make this study possi- ble. The abbreviations listed below are used in parentheses throughout this text. AMB Allan M. Barnes collection, State of California Department of Public Health, Berkeley, Calif. (A. M. Barnes). AMNH American Museum of Natural History, New York, N. Y. (J. G. Rozen). .. SCENOPINIDAE OF THE WORLD AMS Austnilian Museum, Sydney, Australia (D. K. Mc Alpine). ANS Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pa. (H. J. Grant, Jr.). BMNH British Museum (Natural History), London, England (J. P. Doncaster, Keeper, H. Oldroyd, and J. C. Deeming). CAS California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Museum, San Francisco, Calif. (P. H. Arnaud, Jr.). CDA State of California, Department of Agriculture, Sacramento, Calif. (M. S. Wasbauer). CNC Canadian National Collection, Canada Department of Agriculture, Ottawa, Canada (J. G. Chillcott). CMP Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pa. (G. Wallace). CSC Curtis Sabrosky collection, U.S. National Museum, Washington, D.C. (C. Sabrosky). CSIRO Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Canberra, A.C.T., Australia (K. H. L. Key, Curator, and D. H. Colless) CSU Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colo. (F. A. Lawson). CU Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y. (H. Dietrich). cue Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt (M. Hafez). DEI Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, East Berlin, D.D.R. (W. Hennig and G. Petersen). DZSA Departmento de Zoologia, Secretaria da Agricultura, Sao Paulo, Brazil (M. Carrera and N. Papavero). lEE Institute Espanol de Entomologia, Madrid, Spain (E. M. Agacino). INKS Illinois Natural History Survey, Urbana, 111. (L. K. Gloyd). IOC Institute Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (H. S. Lopes). IRSNB Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Brussels, Belgium (J. Verbeke). KSU Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kans. (N. Marston). MCSNG Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genova, Italy (D. Guiglia). MCSNM Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Milan, Italy (C. Conci). MCZ Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass. (P. J. Darlington, Jr.). MNH Musei Nationalis Hungarici, Budapest, Hungary. MNHN Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (A. S. Bala- chowsky. Director and L. Matile). M RAC Musee Royal de 1' Afrique Centrale,