Initial Environmental Examination
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Initial Environmental Examination Final Report Project Number: 35173-015 Loan Number: 3711-NEP Package Number: W21 July 2021 NEPAL: Urban Water Supply and Sanitation (Sector) Project, (Bhojpur Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Subproject, Bhojpur) Prepared by Ministry of Water Supply, Government of Nepal as per requirement of the Asian Development Bank. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. IEE of Bhojpur Sewerage (DEWATS) Project List of Abbreviations A.D. Anno Domini ABR Anaerobic Baffle Reactor ADB Asian Development Bank AIDS Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome AM Accountability Mechanism BOD5 5 Days Biological Oxygen Demand B.S. Bikram Sambat CBD Convention on Biological Diversity CBO Community Based Organization CBS Central Bureau of Statistics CFUG Community Forest User’s Group CI Cast Iron CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species COD Chemical Oxygen Demand CRO Complaint Receiving Officer DCC District Coordination Committee DEDR Detailed Engineering Design Report DEWATS Decentralized Wastewater Treatment System DMC Developing Member Countries DRTAC Design Review & Technical Audit Consultant DSMC Design Supervision and Management Consultant DWSSM Department of Water Supply & Sewerage Management EA Executing Agency EARF Environmental Assessment Review Framework EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan EPA Environmental Protection Act EPR Environmental Protection Rules ERDSMC Eastern Regional Design Supervision Management Consultant ESA Environmental Safeguard Assistant ESO Environmental Safeguard Officer etc Et cetera FGD Focus Group Discussion FSM Faecal Sludge Management GoN Government of Nepal GRC Grievance Redress Committee GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism HDPE High Density Poly Ethylene HFCW Horizontal Flow Constructed Wetland HHs Households HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus IA Implementing Agency IBAT Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool IEE Initial Environmental Examination IN Indirect IO International Organization IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature LT Long Term MoWS Ministry of Water Supply MS Mild Steel MT Medium Term NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards NCS Nepal Conservation Strategy NEA Nepal Electricity Authority NEFIN Nepal Federation of Indigenous People NGO Non-Governmental Organization NRs. Nepalese Rupees NVEMS Nepal Vehicle Emission Mass Standards PCC Plain Cement Concrete PMO Project Management Office PMQAC Project Management Quality Assurance Consultants PN Pressure Nominal PVC Polyvinyl Chloride RCC Reinforced Cement Concrete RDSMC Regional Design Supervision & Management Consultant REA Rapid Environmental Assessment RPMO Regional Project Management Office SDB Sludge Drying Bed SDG Sustainable Development Goal SPS Safeguard Policy Statement SS Site Specific SSO Social Safeguard Officer SSTWSSSP Second Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project SSY Sludge Storage Yard ST Short Term STWSSSP Small Towns’ Water Supply & Sanitation Sector Project TDF Town Development Fund ToR Terms of Reference TS Total Solids TSS Total Suspended Solids UV Ultra Violet UWSSSP Urban Towns’ Water Supply & Sanitation (Sector) Project VDC Village Development Committee WHO World Health Organization WN Ward Number WSSDO Water Supply and Sanitation Division Office WSSP Water Supply & Sanitation Project WUA Water User’s Agency ii WUSC Water Supply User's & Sanitation Committee WWTP Waste Water Treatment Plant iii WEIGHTS AND MEASURES °C Degree Celsius/Centigrade % Percentage CFU/mL Colony Forming Units per milliliter dBA Decibels hrs hours km Kilometer km2 Square Kilometer kW Kilowatts lps liter per second m meter m2 Square Meter m3 Cubic Meter mm millimeter m3/ day Cubic Meter per day m3/ million m3 Cubic Meter per million cubic meter MLD Million liters per day iv NOTES This Initial Environmental Examination (draft) is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff. The draft IEE and its environmental management plans will be updated during project implementation. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. v Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................. xi I. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................1 A. Name and Address of the Individual Institution Preparing the Report ..................................................... 1 B. Background ................................................................................................................................................ 2 C. Sub Project Selection Criteria Based on Environmental Assessment & Review Framework (EARF) ...... 2 D. Project Area Description ........................................................................................................................... 4 E. Project Area Description ........................................................................................................................... 6 F. Purpose of the IEE ..................................................................................................................................... 7 G. Need for the Project ................................................................................................................................... 7 H. Rationale of the Project and IEE ............................................................................................................... 8 II. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ...........................................................9 A. Nepal’s Environmental Policy, Legal & Administrative Framework ........................................................ 9 B. Environmental Agreements ...................................................................................................................... 21 C. Environmental Standards ........................................................................................................................ 21 D. Environmental Assessment Requirements ............................................................................................... 25 III. METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................................... 29 A. Literature Review/ Desk Study ................................................................................................................. 29 B. Impact Area Delineation ......................................................................................................................... 29 C. Field Study ............................................................................................................................................... 30 D. Stakeholder & Public Consultation ......................................................................................................... 32 E. Impact Identification, Prediction & Evaluation Methods ........................................................................ 32 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT .............................................................................................. 34 A. Service Area ............................................................................................................................................. 34 B. Project Components ................................................................................................................................ 34 C. Operation System of WWTP .................................................................................................................... 50 D. Sludge Management Plan ........................................................................................................................ 60 E. Salient Features of the Proposed DEWATS............................................................................................. 62 F. Land Requirement Details ....................................................................................................................... 63 G. Salient Features of the Project ................................................................................................................ 66 V. DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING ENVIRONMENT .................................................................... 69 A. Physical Environment .............................................................................................................................. 69 B. Biological Environment ..........................................................................................................................