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DECEMBER 2011 ContainerLINE NaturaLINETM is THE ONE Page 2 Innovation Key to NaturaLINE Technology Page 4 2 Consider a Toast to Natural Refrigerants NaturaLINE is The ONE Champagne and celebration go hand-in- The wraps came off the world’s first and only natural- hand, whether the occasion is New Year’s Eve, refrigerant-based container refrigeration system at Intermodal a wedding gathering, or even a ship christening. Europe 2011 in Hamburg, as the new NaturaLINE™ The introduction of the NaturaLINE™ container product design made its debut, exactly one year after Carrier refrigeration unit design gives another reason to Transicold announced the technology development. consider a glass of “bubbly.” “Advancing Carrier’s natural leadership in environmental As we first announced at the Intermodal technologies for the marine container refrigeration market, Europe 2010 Show, with NaturaLINE the NaturaLINE design provides the global shipping technology, carbon dioxide, the very stuff that industry with the most environmentally sound alternative for puts the sparkle in Champagne and sparkling refrigerated transport,” said David Appel, president, Carrier wines, can now be used as a refrigerant in Transicold. “Carbon dioxide has a global warming potential systems to cool cases of wine, among other of only one, and when compared to today’s container temperature-sensitive goods shipped via ocean refrigeration units, NaturaLINE stands apart as the only one containers to consumers around the world. to offer a natural refrigerant-based solution.” Carrier Transicold’s Incorporating breakthrough technologies, the NaturaLINE NaturaLINE unit has been engineered to deliver efficiencies development is a currently only achieved by Carrier’s best-in-class performer, major milestone in the “greening” of container the popular PrimeLINE® unit. Both units significantly reduce shipping through innovation in refrigeration on-board power generation requirements, helping shipping technology. NaturaLINE is the world’s first lines save fuel used in generation of electricity. This, in turn, natural-refrigerant-based container refrigeration helps hold down operating costs and reduce emissions related system. Its CO2 refrigerant has a global to power generation. warming potential (GWP) of only one – that’s “NaturaLINE demonstrates how technological 1,300 times less than the GWP of the closest innovation can reduce the impact on climate change, synthetic refrigerant currently used by today’s continuing Carrier’s long-standing commitment of providing refrigerated container systems. In a time of sustainable solutions,” Appel said. increasing worldwide concerns about the effect Through the use of the natural refrigerant CO2, the of greenhouse gases on Earth’s biosphere, that’s NaturaLINE design will improve upon the PrimeLINE unit’s significant. ability to reduce carbon emissions 28 percent compared to Like Carrier’s popular PrimeLINE® unit, previous units. the NaturaLINE design maximizes capacity with best-in-class energy efficiency and robust The Advantages of One construction that delivers high reliability for The natural refrigerant CO2, also known as R-744, demanding container applications. With its is non-ozone depleting. Its GWP of one compares very natural refrigerant, favorably to conventional container system refrigerants it achieves this R-134a and R-404A, which have GWPs of 1,300 and performance in the 3,260, respectively. The GWP of CO2 is also lower than most sustainable way. other natural refrigerants, such as propane and ammonia. That should make So even in the event of a leak, the use of CO2 adds no new NaturaLINE a “natural environmental risk. choice” for many fleets The introduction of natural refrigerant technology comes – one worth popping a at a time when shipping lines are under increasing pressure to few Champagne corks reduce their carbon footprint. Even though HFC refrigerants to celebrate. are considered to be minor contributors to global warming, their use continues to draw the focus of governments and the environmental community because of their higher GWP. While presently there are no HFC bans for the shipping industry, the F-gas regulation in Europe has phased out automotive air conditioning systems using refrigerants with GWP ratings greater than 150 in new cars, and incentives are being offered in several EU ports for ships that produce low Kartik Kumar emissions and report their energy efficiency. Director of Marketing and Strategic Planning Although transport refrigeration (marine, truck and trailer, Global Container Refrigeration vans) is not presently covered by the European Union F-Gas NaturaLINETM is The ONE 3 NaturaLINE technology shines in shipping innovation awards. Story on p. 12 Regulation, developments point to a potential inclusion in upcoming new F-Gas regulations. Carrier is committed to offering solutions to our shipping customers, even before these potential regulations take effect. One-Upping In developing the NaturaLINE system for best-in-class environmental performance, engineers drew from Carrier’s considerable experience with CO2 in other applications, such as the CO2OLtec™ system used in retail refrigeration applications throughout northern Europe. With nearly 300 installations at press time, CO2OLtec systems continue to grow in popularity while reducing the impact from potential greenhouse gas emissions. (continued on next page) Refrigerants – Environmental Impact GWP CFC-12 8050 HFC-404A 3260 HFC-134a 1300 Propane 20 HFO-1234yf 4 Ammonia 2 December 2011 CO2 1 GWP = Heat trapped per lb. of greenhouse gas Heat trapped per lb. of CO2 Source: IPCC SAR WG I, 2010 ContainerLINE 4 Innovation Key to NaturaLINE™ Technology Although it bears some resemblance to other refrigeration units in the Carrier Transicold family, closer THE NATURAL ONE inspection of the NaturaLINE™ design reveals some critical distinctions or, in deference to our container For container shipping, CO2 is the only refrigeration engineers, we’ll call them “transcritical” refrigerant that meets all of the following distinctions. criteria: “Transcritical refers to a refrigeration cycle that is • GWP of 1; unique to CO2 compared to conventional refrigerants,” explained Program Manager Mike Griffin, who led the • Zero ozone depletion potential (ODP); engineering and development of NaturaLINE technology. • Excellent heat transfer / heat reclaim Addressing the transcritical cycle and the special properties; thermodynamic properties of CO2 necessitated the • Non-flammable; development of an innovative refrigerant management • Cost effective, available worldwide and system, including a new purpose-built multi-stage requires no special disposal; compressor, a “gas cooler” with a wrap-around coil design and a flash tank. • Protected against phase-outs, taxes, and In spite of the differences, much of the NaturaLINE European F-gas regulations. design remains the same as other Carrier units. The basic frame, the evaporator and evaporator fans, and the controller and control box are virtually identical to existing Carrier models. The control interface is the same, TM although there will be new alarm and function codes. Also, NaturaLINE is The One serviceability will be similar to existing Carrier products, (continued from page 3) and will be supported by a new comprehensive training program offered by Carrier. As a result of Carrier’s multi-year development initiative, the NaturaLINE technology achieves goals for best-in- NaturaLINE design includes a number of “firsts” for container class efficiency, performance and serviceability, all within refrigeration applications, some of which are patented. a compact design envelope. The adjacent illustration Among them are: shows some of the new core components that distinguish a • A purpose-built, multi-stage compressor with NaturaLINE refrigeration unit from anything that has come variable-speed drive; before. • A new gas cooler in place of the traditional condenser; • A flash tank; Multi-Stage Compressor • Multi-speed fans; and, The NaturaLINE design makes use of an exclusive • An advanced software control system. new multi-stage compressor that maximizes capacity All work together as one to efficiently optimize fan and minimizes power consumption. “Purpose built” for speeds and compressor capacity to match cooling loads and the NaturaLINE application, the patented reciprocating temperature control. compressor was developed by Carrier’s world-class Carlyle Although natural refrigerant technology differs distinctly Compressor design center. from Carrier’s other container refrigeration systems, one point New to container refrigeration are the NaturaLINE of commonality is the Micro-Link® 3 Control, which assures system’s two stages of compression, which improve the that NaturaLINE units will be as familiar to operate as any overall efficiency of the unit. other Carrier container refrigeration unit. The compressor also features a unique cylinder Serviceability will also be very similar to standard unloading capability. If the compressor needs to shed practices on today’s refrigeration units, and will be supported capacity for light-load conditions, it can save energy by by Carrier’s complete service training program and global turning off one of its two cylinders, similar to how certain December 2011 service center network. The way that technicians interact automobiles do to save fuel. with, troubleshoot and repair NaturaLINE units will be very similar to how it is done with today’s units. Variable-Speed Drive At