District Survey Report for Granite

Home , Melur, Sivakasi, Virudhunagar block

DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT

FOR GRANITE

VIRUDHUNAGAR DISTRICT

TAMILNADU STATE

(Prepared as per Gazette Notification S.O.3611

(E) dated 25.07.2018 of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climatic Change)

PREFACE

In Compliance to the Notification Issued by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate change Dated15.01.2016,and its subsequent amended notification S.O.3611(E) dated 25.07.2018, the District Survey Report shall be prepared for each minor mineral in the district separately by the District Environment Impact Assessment Authority (DEIAA) with assistance of irrigation department, Drainage department, Forest department, Mining department and Revenue department in the district. Accordingly District Survey Report for the mineral Granite has been prepared as per the procedure prescribed in the notification S.O.3611(E) dated 25.07.2018 of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. Every effort have been made to cover mining locations, areas & overview of Mining activity in the district with all its relevant features pertaining to geology & mineral wealth in replenishable and non-replenishable areas. This report will be a model and guiding document which is a compendium of available mineral resources, geographical setup, environmental and ecological set up of the District and is based on data of various departments, published reports and websites.

1.INTRODUCTION Virudhunagar District came into existence by the bifurcation of Ramanathapuram District vide State Government Notification, G.O. Ms. 347 dated 8.3.1985. It is bounded on North by Madurai and Sivagangai District, South by Tirunelveli and Tuticorin District, East by Ramanathapuram District, West by Kerala State and NorthWest by Theni District. ThedistrictheadquartersisVirudhunagartown. Itcoversanareaof4232 sq.km. Virudhunagar District consists of 3 Revenue divisions namely Sivakasi, Aruppukottai and Sattur, 9Taluks, namelyAruppukkottai, kariapatti, Rajapalayam,Sattur,Sivakasi,Srivilliputur,Tiruchuli,Virudhunagar and Vembakottai, 39Firkas and 600 Revenue Villages. Itislocatedaton interactivemap11°00′N77°28”′E/12°N78°50”′E.

Virudhunagar is endowed with minor mineral resources like, granite (Leptynite), blue metal, gravel, brick soil, Limekankar, Clay (others) and sand deposit and the crystalline limestone is major mineral resource in the District. As a result of developmental activities and market demand for minor minerals, mining of minor mineral is vital. The mining if not carried out systematically, will result in ill-effects and environmental degradation in project effected area. Therefore a sustainable development of the area involving extraction of mineral wealth vis-à-vis protection of environment is the ultimate solution for betterment of mankind. With the objective of generating Virudhunagar District Survey Report for minor minerals, a ten days collaborative field work was carried out by Virudhunagar District Geology and Mines Department and Geological Survey of India to locate minor minerals, along with mining activities in the District.

2. OVERVIEW OF MINING ACTIVITY IN THE DISTRICT

The Mining of minor minerals like Limekankar, Blue metal, Dimension stone, brick sand and Gravels are active in the district. Private companies play a major role in mining activity for minor minerals, whereas the Government agency like TAMIN takes part in mining dimension stones in the district. The major mineral crystalline limestone is being mined by private parties like Ramco Cements Limited and Tamilnadu State Government owned Tamilnadu Cement Corporation Limited for captive cement production and other small private parties. In total, 143 no’s quarry leases for blue metal/rough stone have been sanctioned for road and building material, some leases for making M-sand, 34 granite (leptynite) quarry leased for dimension stone, 26 leases were granted for limestone to private parties to supply as a raw materials for cement manufacturing and soap industries, 9 gravel and 12 brick earth quarries are leased for road material and making bricks.

3. GENERAL PROFILE OF THE DISTRICT

An attempt has been made in this section to describe the profile of the study area, Virudhunagar District, in terms of origin, location, administrative 5

set up, area classification on the basis of area and human resources, agricultural resources, trade and commerce.

3.1 Origin The erstwhile Ramanathapuram District was formed on first June, 1910 by carving out certain portions from Madurai and Tirunelveli Districts. The Government of Tamil Nadu decided to dividethe large Districts into small Districts in order to ensure an effective and transparent administration. To fall in line with the above policy, the Government trifurcated the erstwhile Ramanthapuram, District into Kamarajar District, Ramanathapuram District and PasumponDistrict.Kamarajar District was formed on 15th July, 1984 and was named after the freedom fighter and former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, Sri. K. Kamaraj. The District started functioning on 15th March 1985. Subsequently the name of the district changed from Kamarajar to Virudhunagar on 1st July, 1997. Now, the District is functioning with Virudhunagar as its headquarters.

3.2 Location The Virudhunagar District is located between 11°00’ and 12°00’ North Latitudes and 77°28’ and 78°50’ East Longitudes. It has an area of about 4243 square kilometers. It is bounded by the Western Ghats in West, Madurai District in North, Sivagangai District in North East, Ramanathapuram District in South-East and Thoothukkudi District in South. The location map of the Virudhunagar District is shown in Plate No 1.

3.3 Area and Population

According to the Director of Statistics, Chennai, the Virudhunagar District covers an area of 4243 square kilometers or 1638 square miles. Virudhunagar District occupies the fifteenth rank among the Districts of the State of Tamil Nadu with regard to its size. The population of the District is 15,65,037. Of this total population, 7, 84,912 (50.15 per cent) are males and the remaining 7, 80,125 (49.85 per cent) are females.

3.4 Administrative Set-up

Virudhunagar District has been divided into three Revenue Divisions for administrative convenience, one at Sivakasi comprising Sivakasi and Srivilliputhur, the second one at Sattur covering Sattur, Rajapalayam and VembakottaiTaluks and the third one at Aruppukottai covering Aruppukottai, Kariapatti, Virudhunagar and ThiruchuliTaluks. It has 11 community development blocks namely, Rajapalayam, Sivakasi, Virudhunagar, Sattur, Aruppukottai, Vembakottai, Srivilliputhur, Watrap, Thiruchuli, Narikudi and Kariapatti. Seven municipalities namely, Aruppukottai, Virudhunagar, Sattur, Sivakasi, Srivilliputhur , Rajapalayam and Thiruthangal, 600 revenue villages, 464 village panchayats, 11 panchayat Unions and 10 town panchayats. It falls part of two parliamentary constituencies and seven assembly constituencies.

3.5 Agricultural Resources and Irrigation

Agriculture is the predominant occupation of the District. Nearly 66.3% of the total population of the District is dependent on agriculture and its allied occupations. The District is a drought prone District. The most striking feature of the District is the absence of dependable irrigation sources like perennial rivers. Assured irrigation is available through wells only for 57 per cent. The remaining area is irrigated by rain fed tanks. The reservoirs namely Periyar and Kovilar at Pilavakkal in Watrap irrigate about 3000 hectares through 40 7

tanks. There are also a number of irrigation schemes like Anaikuttam, Kullursandai, Vembakottai and Golwarpatti. More than half of the total geographical area of the District is being utilized for cultivation and net cultivated area amounts to 2,70,800 hectares. About 7.4 percent of the cultivated area falls under double cropping; 5.82 per cent is covered by forests; 2.8 per cent is not suitable for cultivation. The permanent pasture and other fallow land constitute 15.67 per cent of the total area. Paddy, cumbu, sugarcane, groundnut, cotton, cholam, maize, ragi, varagu, plantain, samai, chillies, greengram, blackgram, horsegram, and gingelly are the important crops of the District. Paddy is the most predominant crop and it is cultivated in 27,892 hectares. Cotton is the next important crop grown in 38,859 hectares. Cotton is intensively cultivated in Rajapalayam, Srivilliputhur and Aruppukottaitaluks. Teak and other trees are grown in some parts of the Western Ghats. The plains of Satturtaluk have black soil which is locally known as Karisal. This soil is suitable for cotton cultivation.

3.6 Trade and Commerce

Internal trade of the District is developing on a large scale. Fireworks, matches, polythene articles, litho-printed calendars, posters, diaries and the like are manufactured in Sivakasi. These products enter the markets situated in the different parts of the country. The products, which are produced in the District, have got insignificant local market. Market Committees are functioning in the District for the purchase and sale of cotton, groundnut, jaggery, chilli and other products. A number of studies are held in the District at various places for helping the rural folk to purchase and sell their products such as food grain, vegetables, groceries, textiles, cattle. There are two warehouses in this District, one at Virudhuangar and the other at Rajapalayam. The commodities of the chief wholesale trading in the District are pulses, cotton, groundnut and coffee (Virudhunagar block), cotton and groundnut (Rajapalayam block) and chillies (Sattur block).

4. GEOLOGY OF THE DISTRICT

The most of the area in Virudhunagar District is covered by a vast tract of 8

black soil with residual hills and knolls. Since the area is covered by thick pediments, the geology of the area is studied in available exposure and quarry section opened up for limestone, dimension stone and blue metals for various purposes. The area exposes Khondalite Group of rocks and migmatite gneisses of Precambrian (V.R.Sowmi Narayanan, etal.,). The Khondalite Group of rocks comprises Charnockite, crystalline limestone/calc gneiss, garnetiferousquartzofeldspathic gneiss (leptynite), all these litho units probably represent a sequence of metamorphosed sedimentary units of arenaceous, calcareous and argillaceous composition with various intermixtures of different proportions (V.R.Sowmi Narayanan, etal.,). Granite and quartz veins form the younger intrusive.

4.1 Charnockite:

Generally, the Charnockite is grey to greenish colored, coarse to medium grained, greasy nature with or without garnet. Because of the limited outcrops, the quarry sections are studied to infer the various interrelationships between the litho units. Charnockite is interbanded nature with crystalline carbonate rocks are observed in most of the limestone quarry in Pandalgudi, Lakshmipuram, Gopalapuram villages (Field photograph. 1), suggested a metasedimentary origin for the charnockite (V.R.Sowmi Narayanan, etal.,). Weathering of the Charnockite on the surface gives a deceptive look of gneiss and in the quarry sections at depth the fresh charnockite is exposed, which are well exemplified in almost all the Charnockite quarry sections. The specks of pyrites within the charnockite are seen in the Duraisamypuram village. Banded charnockite is observed in Gopalapuram rough stone quarry (Field photograph. 2). 9

Field photgraph 1.Interbanded nature of Field photgraph 2. Banded Charnockite is Charnockite and crystalline limestone in noticed in Gopalapuram village rough stone Pandalgudi4.2 Migmatite: village. quarry.

section. The Charnockite shows migmatisation is noticed in hill locating East of Kalasalingam university, where the rock exposes segregation of mafic and felsic layers with ptygmatic folds showing conversion of Charnockite in to hornblende biotite gneiss, the occurrences of garnet parallel to the foliation is also observed (Field photograph. 3).

Field photograph 3. Segregation of mafic and felsic layers with ptygmaticfolds.

4.3 Calc Gneiss:

Calc gneiss are characterized by alternating layer of carbonate rich and diopside rich layers are noticed in outcrop in association with garnetiferousquartzofeldspathic gneiss, is medium to coarse grained and is made up of calcite, diopside, biotite and garnet. The exposers are seen in quarry section in Nadikudi, Erichanatham, Kanjanpatti, Sundakottai, Aladipatti, Kadambankulam villages. Kanker is forming as a weathering product of calcgnessic, containing CaO content more than 30% is mined by RAMCO cements in Maravarperungudi village and in many local quarries for various purposes. 4.4 GarnetiferousQuartzofeldspathic Gneiss:

White coarse to medium grained garnetiferousquartzofeldspathic 10

gneiss occurs as bands along the foliation in the charnockite, also as enclaves engulfed by charnockite. It consists of quartz, feldspar and garnet with subordinate biotite. The garnets at places are rounded simulating snowball garnets, as observed in Motamalai hill (Field photograph. 4). Quartz and feldspar show stretching and alignment, imparting a crude gneissosity and garnets are unevenly distributed (Field photograph. 5). The rock is

exposed in association with calc gneiss and Charnockite as observed in quarries in Pandalgudi, Duraisamipuram, Thiruthangal villages.

Field photograph 5.Quartz and feldspar show Field photograph 4. Snowball garnets, as stretching and alignment, imparting a crude observed in Motamalai hill. gneissosity in Chinnakollapatti village.

4.5 Crystalline carbonate rock:

The rock is white, pale grey and pink in color, medium to coarse grained and consists essentially of calcite with mafic minerals (diopside) unevenly distributed within it. The crystalline limestone is associated with calc gneissic in Pandalgudi, K.Pudhur villages and it associated with Charnockite in Gopalapuram, Cholapuram villages (Field photograph. 6). At places the limestone show compositional variation to dolomitisation due to presence of mineral sapphire (Field photograph. 7) as observed in Tamilnadu Cements Corporation mining in Alangulam village. The presence of quartz vein within the limestone degrades the quality of cement grade purposes. In Cholapuram area, the remobilation of carbonate rock is noticed within the Charnockite. 11

Field photograph 6.Association of crystalline Field photograph 7. Presence of mineral limestone with Charnockite in sapphire (Blue color) in dolomite is observed Gopalapuram.limestone quarry. in Gopalapuram crystalline limestone quarry.

4.6 Pink Granite:

The pink granite occurs as veins intruding into the above all litho units. It is coarse grained, consists of quartz, pink feldspar, with biotite in lesser proportion. It is associated with Charnockite is observed in Kothankulam and Aladipatti villages (Field photograph. 8).

Field photograph 8. Intrusion of pink granite within the Charnockite is observed in Kothankulam rough stone quarry.

Field photograph 9.Pink Granite Quarry in Thiruthangal Village.

Field photograph 10.Rough block of Multi colour Granite in Thiruthangal Village.

4.7 Quartz Vein:

Quartz veins are cutting across into the litho units like charnockite, crystalline limestone, calc gneissic are observed in the field and the presence of garnet in the quartz vein are noticed in the village Kothankulam is associated with Charnockite (Field photograph. 11). The quartz vein in limestone makes unsuitable for cement grade purposes.

Field photograph 11.Presence of quartz vein in Charnockite in rough stone quarry in Nathigudi.

4.8 Limekankar

The Limekankar is found to be occurring in a vast stretch of area on the South of AruppukottaiTaluk, Virudhunagar District to VilathikulamTaluk in Thoothukudi District. The deposits are all superficial, limited to depth of 1 to 2 meters. The Limekankar in this region is generally overlained by Clay. Limekankar is widely used for manufacturing burned lime and also being used for Cement Manufacturing. Limekankar deposit around Maravarperungudi village is currently being mined by Tvl. The Ramco Cements Limited, which is having around 38% CaO content. The estimated limekankar reserves of about 8 lacs tons for the average lime kankar thickness of 1.5 m. Potential deposits of Limekankar is also occurring in Kallurani, Muthuramalingapuram, Narttampatti, Sudhamadam, Vadakkunatham, Sallukuvarpatti, Velayuthapuram and T.Koppuchittampatti Villages of AruppukottaiTaluk. The average thickness of Limekankar deposit in these regions is 1.0 meters and the estimated Resources for ROM Kankar (Kankar plus intercalated clay) for each Square Kilometer is about 2 million Tonnes. 14

Field photograph 12.Limekankar overlained by Clay in Maravarperungudi Village of AruppukottaiTaluk.

4.9 Soil:

The area is mostly covered by black soil for 0 – 6m thickness, at places reddish in color where laterite formation are prominent as observed in gravel quarry in Kariapatti village. Moreover the black and red soil formations in the District are being quarried for manufacture of bricks and few good quality of black soil is using in cement industries (Field photograph. 12.2).

Field photograph 12.2 to 3m thick black soil over calcgnessic rock in Seeniyapuram village. 15

4.10 Clay (Others)

A fine to silty clayey nature black soil (commonly known as black cotton soil) occurrence is identified in various parts of the District. The Clay layer is of 0 – 5m thickness and generally underlined by Limekankar or basement gneissic formation. This Clay deposit in the form of black cotton soil has a vide spread occurrence in the District. The clay is rich in Alumina and occurring in Kallurani, Muthuramalingapuram, Narttampatti, Sudhamadam, Vadakkunatham&T.Koppuchittampatti Villages of AruppukottaiTaluk.

6. LAND UTILISATION PATTERN IN THE DISTRICT: FOREST, AGRICULTURAL, HORTICULTURAL, MINING ETC.;

The land areas of Virudhunagar District are classified in to forest (Evergreen, Deciduos, Scrub, Swamp etc.,), agricultural land (crop, plantation and fallow), wet land (River, lake, Dam etc.,), buildup land (urban, rural and mining) and barren land. The forest lands are confined to the North-Western part of the District and the major part of the land is used for agricultural purpose. Vaippar, Gundar and Arjuna rivers are contributing to wet land classification. The land use statistics with reference to Virudhunagar District are furnished below. The land use and land cover map of Virudhunagar District, source from http://Bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/gis/thematic/index.php is shown in (Plate No: 2).

Sl.No Land Classification Area in Ha Percentage 1. Forest 26466 6.24 2. Uncultivable waste 4525 1.07 3. Land put to Non- Agricultural use 70286 16.56 4. Cultivable waste 9663 2.28 5. Permanent pastures / grazing lands 864 0.19 6. Land under miscellaneous tree crops 6568 1.55 7. Current fallow 3063 0.72 8. Other fallow 160066 37.72 9. Net area zone 142882 33.67 10. Area sown more than once 5961 1.40 11. Gross cropped area 148843 35.08 12. Geographical areas 424323 100.00

GRANITES:

Spected to be younger in age, pockets of homogeneous bodies occur within granitoid gneiss as well as within charnockite with undefined dimensions. Though the development of gneissosity is moderate yet the homogeneity in colour texture and composition makes the material ideally suited for dimension stone quarrying. Gneissic granite bodies trending NE-SW in areas Kuganparai and Sevalpatti are pale pink/yellow in colour, evenly medium grained, consisting mainly of feldspars (pale pink/ yellow in colour) quartz (pale grey or glassy), biotite and garnet. In quite contrast to the bodies the minor NE-SW bands occurring in Oddampatti are predominantly of grey gneissic granites. The grey gneissic granite of Minakshipuram has an entirely different orientation of NW-SE and been emplaced within charnockite. Feldspars herein are grey in colour, the other constituents being similar to the pink variety.

Two sets of joints within the granite bodies are: i) N50°E-S50°W dipping 50° southeasterly and ii) N60°-80°W-S60°-80°E, dipping 60° southwesterly. iii) Emplacement of quartz veins and pegmatites along joint planes and fractures are common.

PEGMATOIDAL GRANITE: Minor granite bands occurring within granitoid gneiss and charnockite (on either side of the litho contact) in the area south of Ayyankallankondan are pegmatoidal in nature with very coarse grains of quartz and feldspars. While quartz is white or pale grey in colour, feldspars are pink in colour often in clusters occurring within a matrix of white feldspars quartz and biotite.

Rock Type: Granite gneiss.

As stated earlier the granitoid gneiss in spite of its high degree of defectiveness, does contain certain pockets of granite gneiss having certain degree of homogeneity in texture and composition. One such pocket was studied in detail in the area near Muthulingapuram, wherein the granite gneiss 17

can become a dimension stone variety Multi or Juparana. In spite of careful selection, the deposit is at present not viable for more than one reason.

i) The depth persistence of the degree of homogeneity seen on the surface is questionable or uncertain;

ii) The degree of emplacement of concordant pegmatites is very high and the probability of the material becoming pegmatoidal in nature cannot be ruled out;

iii) Though the presence of minute hairline cracks/ fractures is not apparent, yet the same is evidenced in the discolouration of opaque ores and mafics in the rock mass; Considering the above factors the deposit is at present considered not viable for any commercial operation.

Dimension Stone: Calcutta Biscuit, Rock Type: Leptynite/Granite gneiss.

Though Calcutta biscuit occurring in the Kandiyapuram area resembles closely Sivakasi Yellow/Shefron, actually the material appear to be a combination of Sivakasi yellow/Shefron and Sattur white with pink granite material. Basically the material has quartz of pale grey/ vitreous nature and feldspars in varying hue, white, pale pink, pale yellow and dark red. In a mosaic predominantly of pale white feldspars and pale grey quartz, irregular patches of pale pink and dark red feldspar occur. Garnet and biotite are the other constituents in minor occurrence. The body occurs at the contact between charnockite and granitoid gneiss and hence intercalation of these two materials are quite frequent, abruptly bringing about a change in the dimension stone variety. Highly patchy in nature, the subsurface deposit has to be operated carefully for fruitful commercial venture. Otherwise the deposit is structurally sound and possesses good export market. At present it is being operated by a private owner with a monthly production of 30-35 cbm.

Dimension Stone: Raw silk. Rock Type: Granite/Granite gneiss

As granite occurs as indistinct pockets within granite gneiss, admixture of these two lithounits to reasonable level with certain degree of uniformity in texture,composition and structure presents a dimension stone variety 18

resembling Raw Silk of Melur area, Madurai district. Rock type is medium grained where feldspars dominate over quartz and are normally of pale pink or yellow in colour. The rock type tends to be more pegmatoidal in nature with the introduction of very coarse pink feldspars. Areas of restricted dimensions have been delineated for exploitation in the future.

Dimension Stone: Sivakasi Grey (Sira grey of Karnataka), Rock Type: Grey Granite. Granite bodies having certain degree of dimensions worth mentioning occur in the vicinity of the village Oddampatti. Dark grey coloured granite body is a NEW FIND of the present survey and the dimension stone resembles the darker version of SIRA GREY/CHIKKODAHALLI GREY of Karnataka. Evenly medium to coarse grained weakly foliated, the rock type has mineral constituents pale grey/vitreous quartz (grey and pale brown) pink feldspars, biotite and hornblende. Grey colour of the rock type gets enhanced on account of appreciable presence of mafics. Pale brown/chocolate coloured feldspars appear to be later introduction which add aestheticism to the rock type. However at places pale brown feldspars tend to occur in clusters. Currently quarried for fencing stones the scattered outcrops are ideally suited for small scale dimension stone quarrying.

Dimension Stone: Rosa Verde. Rock Type: Pegmatoidal granite

The NW-SE trending pegmatoidal granite body in the area M.Pudur form a well defined hillock. In spite of its appreciable volume, the body exhibits high degree of variation in colour, grain size, presence of extraneous mineral constituents etc; thereby confining commercially viable pockets to certain restricted pockets. Pale pink in colour, coarse to very coarse in grain size, feldspars dominate over other mineral constituents, the material forms a medium quality dimension stone variety.

9. DETAILS OF THE MINING LEASES IN THE DISTRICT AS PER THE FOLLOWING FORMAT

Obtained Meth Environm Location of the Mining / od of ental Quarrying lease Status Minin Mining lease Date of Clearanc S.F.No. (Working/ g Name of Granted Order Period of Commen Captive e Sl. Name of the Taluk and and Non- (Ope the No/ Mining cement of / Non- (Yes/No), No. Lessee Village extent in Working/ ncast Mineral Proceedings / Lease Mining Captive if yes hects Temp / G.O Operation Letter No Working Latitude Longitude Unde with date rgrou of grant nd) of EC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 M/s.PrithiviGranitres, Granite Srivilliputhur 792/1B2 G.O.3(D)No.50 15.11.2010 15.11.2010 Working --- Yes 09°26'332" to 77°35'974" to Open No.162, Tamil Pillaiyar 792/1B3 Ind.(MMB2) to 09°26'404" N 77°35'950"E cast Sangam Road, kulam 800/3 Dept 14.11.2030 Madurai District, 1.18.0 Dt.14.10.2010 2 Stanco Traders, Granite SivakasiThir 1332/1, G.O.3(D)No.57 03.12.2003 03.12.2003 Working --- Yes 09°28'31.6" N 77°47'40.4 " E Open 32 patti Street, uthangal 1332/2A, Ind.(MMB2) to 09°28'34.6" N 77°47'40.7" E cast Sivakasi 1332/2B, Dept 02.12.2023 09°28'35.7" N 77°47'48.2" E 1324/1, Dt.24.11.2003 09°28'36.5" N 77°47'56.1" E 1325/1, (Renewal) 09°28'31.0" N 77°47'55.9" E 1327/2A, 09°28'32.5" N 77°47'49.4" E 1327/2B1, 1327/2B2 4.41.0 3 Tvl.Chindia Granites Granite SivakasiPud 168 G.O.3(D)No.62 02.01.2004 02.01.2004 Working --- Yes 09°33'30" N 77°48'00" E Open (P) Limited, ukottai 169/8A Ind.(MMB2) to cast Thiruthangal, 169/8B Dept. 01.01.2024 SivakasiTaluk 1.28.5 Dt.15.12.2003

4 Standard Granites, Granite SivakasiThir 1325/2A, G.O.3(D)No.56 24.01.2004 24.01.2004 Working --- Yes 09°28'28.7" N 77°47'47.7" E Open Poothaiammal uthangal 1325/2B1 Ind (MMB2) to 09°28'31.4" N 77°47'50.5" E cast 20

Building, 5-2-15 A 0.80.5 Dept.Dt.24.11.2 23.01.2024 09°28'30.1" N 77°47'54.0" E (Str Rd.) 003 (Renewal) 09°28'26.9" N 77°47'54.4" E Sivakasi 5 Thiru.K.Murugesan, Granite SivakasiThir 1297/2 G.O.3(D)No.50 03.05.2004 03.05.2004 Working --- Yes N 77°42'00" E 09°29'00 Open 10B/12, Vellimalai uthangal (pt) Ind.(MMB2)Dept to cast Nadar compound, 1297/3 . Dt.15.4.2004 02.05.2024 Madurai Main Road, (pt) Melur 1.00.0 6 Tvl.P.R.P.Granites, Granite SivakasiThir 1282/1Pt G.O.3(D)No.49 03.05.2004 03.05.2004 Working --- Yes N 77°42'00" E 09°29'00 Open Near Veerakali uthangal 1301/pt Ind.(MMB2)Dept to cast Amman Kovil 1302/pt . Dt.15.4.2004 02.05.2024 Keelavalavu-625 102 1303/pt2. Melurtaluk, 00.0 Madurai District.

7 Stanco Traders Granite SivakasiThir 1302/2, G.O.3(D)No.94 22.09.2004 22.09.2004 Working --- Yes 09°28'32.8" N 77°47'56.6" E Open 32 patti Street, uthangal 1323/1A Ind.(MMB2) to 09°28'35.5" N 77°47'57.7" E cast Sivakasi 1.21.5 Dept. 21.09.2024 09°28'32.4" N 77°48'02.7" E Dt.1.9.2004 09°28'30.4" N 77°48'01.7" E 09°28'24.1" N 77°47'53.8" E 8 A.Gunasekaran Granite SivakasiPan 898 G.O.3(D)No.95 28.09.2004 28.09.2004 Working --- Yes 09°14'00" N 77°49'50" E Open 16(old 31) ai 899 Ind.(MMB2) to cast Balajinagar yadipatti 1.69.5 Dept 27.09.2024 Ist Street, .Dt.8.9.2004 Royapattai, Chennai-14

9 Tvl.P.R.P.Granites, Granite SivakasiThir 1300/1 G.O.3(D)No.64 26.08.2005 26.08.2005 Working --- Yes 09°29'00" N 77°42'00" E Open Near uthangal 1301(pt) Ind.(MMB2)Dept to cast VeerakaliammanKoil, 1282/1(pt) . Dt.21.7.2005 25.08.2025 Keelavalavu-625 102 1282/2(pt) Melurtaluk, 1297/5 Madurai District. (pt) 1.95.5

10 Tvl.P.R.P.Exports Granite SivakasiThir 1297/1pt G.O.3(D)No.60 26.08.2005 26.08.2005 Working --- Yes 09°29'00" N 77°42'00" E Open Velu Complex uthangal 1297/2(pt) Ind.(MMB2) to cast Madurai Main Road 1297/3(pt) Dept. 25.08.2025 21

MelurTaluk 1297/6, Dt.21.7.2005 Madurai District 1298/2(pt) 1298/1(pt) 1.62.5

11 Tvl.Stanco Traders Granite SivakasiThir 1320/1A, G.O.3(D)No.41 13.03.2006 13.03.2006 Working --- Yes 09°28'28.6" N 77°47'53.4" E Open 1-3 Thiruthangal uthangal 1320/1B1, Ind.(MMB2)Dept to 09°28'32.0" N 77°47'53.3" E cast Road 1320/1B2, . Dt.27.2.2006 12.03.2026 9°28'31.8" N 77°47'56.3" E Sivakasi 1322/1A, 09°28'29.0" N 77°48'01.0" E 1322/1C, 09°28'26.8" N 77°48'00.5" E 1322/1B, 1325/3A, 1325/3B, 1325/2B4, 1325/2B5 1325/ 2B6 1.93.0

12 Tvl.Standared Granite SivakasiThir 1325/2B1 G.O.3(D)No.45 13.03.2006 13.03.2006 Working --- Yes 09°28'28.7" N 77°47'47.7" E Open Granites uthangal B Ind.(MMB2)Dept to 09°28'31.4" N 77°47'50.5" E cast Poothiammal 1325/2B2 . Dt.27.2.2006 12.03.2026 09°28'30.1" N 77°47'54.0" E Building 1325/2B3 09°28'26.9" N 77°47'54.4" E 5-2-15C-Sattur 1325/4A Road, 1.47.0 Sivakasi

13 Tvl.Squni Granites Granite SivakasiKela 885/2, G.O.3(D)No.39 13.3.2006 13.3.2006 Working --- Yes 09°21'1.29" N 77°49'35.20" Open 74 Velayutham Road thiruthangal 886/3B, Ind.(MMB2)Dept to 09°29'4.60" N E cast Sivakasi 892/5, . Dt.27.2.2006 12.3.2026 09°29'7.34" N 77°49''35..98" 892/7A, 09°29'7.86" N E 892/7B, 09°29'4.65" N 77°49'39.18" 892/9, 09°29'2.24" N E 892/10, 09°29'0.17" N 77°49'39.19" 893/1, 09°29'0.84" N E 894/3, 77°49'41.81" 894/4, E 894/5, 77°49'41.34" 894/6, E 22

894/7, 77°49'40.53" 895/1, E 896/1, 77°49'38.64" 896/2, E 897/2, 901/1, 901/2, 901/3, 903/1, 903/2, 904/1, 904/2A, 904/2B, 904/3, 904/4A, 904/4B, 905/1 2.21.0

14 Tvl.Magna Stones Granite SivakasiVen 408/2B G.O.3(D)No.40 13.03.2006 13.03.2006 Working --- Yes N 77°43'0" N E 09°27'17 Open Pvt.Ltd., durayapura 408/3B Ind.(MMB2)Dept to cast 31 Defence Flots m 2.55.5 . Dt.27.2.2006 12.03.2026 East point colony Visakapattanam 530017

15 Tvl.M.Ramasamy Granite SivakasiNat 873/3 G.O.3(D)No.43 21.3.2006 21.3.2006 Working --- Yes N 77°42'23" E 09°27'17 Open S/o.MuthuCoundar higudi 874/9 Ind.(MMB2)Dept to cast 9-2 Muthucoundar 1.35.5 . Dt.27.2.2006 20.3.2026 colony Karur, Dharmapuri District

16 M/s.Pokarna Ltd Granite SivakasiSub 568/1 G.O.(3D)No.12 07.03.2007 07.03.2007 Work ing --- Yes 09°23'14.9642 77°50'12.9635 Open 105 First Floor ramania 575/2(pt) Ind to 1."N 1"E cast Surya towars puram 621/2(pt) (MMB2) Dept. 06.03.2027 09°23'15.3374 77°50'10.8936 S.P.Road 2.98.0 Dt.25.1.2007 79."N 8"E 23

Secundarabad-500 09°23'19.6553 77°50'11.3254 003 0"N 9"E 09°23'16.4766 77°50'22.7939 3"N 5"E 09°23'12.9384 77°50'21.9463 1"N 7"E 09°23'14.4020 77°50'19.7858 2."N 4"E 17 M/s.Magna Stones Granite SivakasiVen 409(pt) G.O.(3D)No.40 06.05.2007 06.05.2007 Working --- Yes N 77°43'00" E 09°27'17" Open (p) Ltd., durayapura 421/1B Ind to cast No. 31 Defence Flats m 1(pt) (MMB2) Dept. 05.05.2027 East point colony 2/1B(pt) Dt.12.3.2007 Visakapattinam- 5/2C6B 530017 Durai (pt) sami 6/3C(pt) puram 6/5(pt) 2.96.0 18 Thiru.T.D.Ponraj Granite SivakasiSub 562/pt G.O.(3D)No.43 24.08.2007 24.08.2007 Working --- Yes 09°34'28.0" to 78°10'11.0" to Open S/o.T.Durairaj raMania 563/1A Ind to 09°34'35.7" N 78°10'18.1" E cast No.408 K.K.Nagar puram 563/1B (MMB2) Dept. 23.08.2027 Madurai -20. 563/2 Dt.13.3.2007 3.50.0 19 Stanco Traders, Granite SivakasiThir 1325/5A1, G.O.3(D)No.33 08.07.2008 08.07.2008 Working --- Yes 09°28'25.8" N 77°47'46.4" E Open 32 patti Street, uthangal 1325/5A2, Ind.(MMB2) to 09°28'28.7" N 77°47'47.7" E cast Sivakasi 1325/5A3, Dept 07.07.2028 09°28'29.2" N 77°47'55.2" E 1325/5A4, Dt.09.06.08 09°28'29.0" N 77°47'56.4" E 1323/1B1 (Renewal) 09°28'24.1" N 77°47'53.8" E 1323/1B2 09°28'31.8" N 77°47'56.2" E 1325/5B1, 09°28'32.8" N 77°47'56.6" E 1320/2A 09°28'30.4" N 77°48'01.4" E 1325/4B, 09°28'28.9" N 77°48'01.2" E 1325/5B2, 1325/5A6, 1325/5A5 3.29.0 20 Tmt. P.Chellammal Granite SivakasiKan 505/1 G.O.3(D)No.110 19.01.2009 19.01.2009 Working --- Yes 09°22'00" N 77°45'00" E Open W/o. Periyasamy karseval 506 Ind.(MMB2) to cast 5J/10 1.45.0 Dept 18.01.2029 Bharathiyarpuram, Dt.10.12.08 24

Melur - 625 106 Madurai District 21 Thiru.C.Selvaraj, Granite SivakasiVetri 410 G.O. (3D) No. 10.07.2009 10.07.2009 Working --- Yes 09°24'00" N 77°55'30" E Open Dhasaripatti laioorani pt1.00.0 12, Industries to cast Chatrappatti (Post), (MMB-2) 09.07.2029 OddencharamTaluk, Department, Dindigul – 624 614 Dt.08.06.2009 22 Tvl.GuruBhagavan Granite SivakasiKan 507/6 G.O.(3D) No.6, 14-02-2011 14-02-2011 Working --- Yes 09°21'20" N 77°45'30" E Open Granites, Managing karseval 648/1A(pt) Industries to cast Partner S.Raja, 648/2A1 (MMB-II) 13-02-2031 No.14, Krishnapuram 1.36.0 Department Colony Main Road, Dt.03-02-2011 Krishnapuram, Madurai, Madurai District

23 M/s.Sivajeyam Granite SatturSandai 97/1 pt G.O.3(D)No.109 29.12.2008 29.12.2008 Working --- Yes 09°25'30" N 77°57'15" E Open Granites, yur 97/3Apt Ind.(MMB2) to cast No.1259 Old 1.00.0 Dept 28.12.2028 No.100/M/1 Solai Dt.10.12.08 Colony, Sivakasi - 626 189

24 M/s Sivajeyam Granite Sandaiyur 96/2A, G.O. (3D) No. 15.11.2010 15.11.2010 Working --- Yes 09°24'15" N 77°56'66" E Open Granites 97/3A(pt), 48, Industries to cast No. 1259 (old No. 94/1 (pt), (MMB-2) 14.11.2030 100/m/ 1) 96/2B (pt) Department, Solai Colony, 93(pt), Dt.12.10.2010 Sivakasi 626 189 92/3(pt), 91/2(pt), 91/1(pt) 5.43.0

25 ThiruM.S.Risa Granite Sandaiyur 104/1 G.O. (3D) No. 15.11.2010 15.11.2010 Working --- Yes N 09°25'434" E 77°57'00" Open Mohamed, 1.76.0 52, Industries to to N to E cast S/o.O.MohamedMad (MMB-2) 14.11.2030 09°26'312" 77°57'047" ar, Department, No.18/14, Dt.19.10.2010 25

KoovaravilakamVeed u, Padanthalmudu, Kanniyakumari District 26 Tmt.D.Adaikala Granite Sandaiyur 102/4pt G.O. (3D) No.67 14-02-2011 14-02-2011 Working --- Yes 09°25'00" N 77°57'00" E Open Mary, W/o. 103/1A Industries to cast DuraiDhiviyanathan, 1.83.5 (MMB-1) 13-02-2031 No.205, Housing Department, Dt. Unit, Raja 24-12-2010 Gopalapuram, Puthukottai 27 SK SRI VAARI Granite Sandaiyur 82/1 G.O. (3D) No. 03-07-2012 03-07-2012 Working --- Yes 09°25'38" N 77°57'38" E Open GRANITES, (Part) 13, Industries to cast No.18/29, 1st Floor, 82/2 (part) (MMB-2 ) 02-07-2032 Kamarajar East West 82/3 Department, Street,K.K.Nagar, (Part) Dt.28.05.2012 Madurai-20 82/4 (Part) 82/5A 82/5B 82/5C 85/2A (Pt) 85/2B (Pt) 2.24.5 28 ThiruP.Velmani, Granite SatturAlamp 70/4A G.O.(3D) NO.7, 12-07-2013 12-07-2013 Working --- Yes 09°20'59.43"N 77°57'10.36"E Open S/o.PalaniGounder, atti 70/8 INDUSTRIES to to to cast 109, 70/9 (MMB2) 11-07-2033 09°21'05.47"N 77°57'13.94"E Narasingapuram 1.49.0 DEPARTMENT Post, Nethaji Nagar, DATED AtturTaluk, 04.07.2013 Salem District 29 Tmt. C. Kalaiselvi, Granite SatturChinn 278/1 G.O (3D) No. 28 30.11.2015 30.11.2015 Working --- Yes 09°18'41" N to 77°55'58" E Open Door.No.AB11,2nd, akollapatti 278/2 Industries to 09°18'50"N to cast Avenue,Anna Nagar, 278/3 (MMB2) 29.11.2035 77°56'04" E Chennai. 278/4 Department, 278/5 Dated.20.10.201 3.55.5 5 26

30 Tvl. Amman Granite SatturAlamp 71/2 G.O. (3D) 20-01-2016 20 -01-2016 Working --- Yes 09°00'" N to 77°57'14" E Open Granites, 10/1, atti 1.66.0 No.35, to 09°08"N to cast Deputy Collector, Industries 19-01-2036 77°57'18" E Colony, 1st Street, (MMB2) K.K. Nagar, Madurai Department, - 625 020. dated: 18.11.2015

31 Tmt.D.Adaikala Granite SatturSandai 16/6 G.O.(3D) No.40, 09-09-2016 09-09-2016 Working --- Yes 09°25'26.24" N 77°56'48.58" Open Mary, W/o. yur 16/7(P) Industries to to E to cast DuraiDhiviyanathan, 17/3(P) (MMB2) 08-09-2036 09°25'32.93" N 77°56'56.91" No.205, Housing 17/4(P) Department, E Unit, Raja 17/5A(P) Dated: Gopalapuram, 17/5B (P) 21.07.2016 Puthukottai 3.34.0

31 P.Gunasekaran Granite KariapattiVa 30/2B G.O. 3(D) 29.11.2005 29.11.2005 Working --- Yes 09°37'50" N 78°05'24" E Open S/o.PalaniNadar kkanangund 30/3B No.120 Ind. to to 09°37'57" N to cast 3/516 Indira colony u 30/4pt (MMB2) Dept. 28.112025 78°05'29" E Sri Krishna Nagar 30/5pt 18.11.2005 Thirupalai,. 1.37.0 Madurai-14

32 Thiru.R. YASAR Granite KariapattiTh 10/1A1 G.O. (3D) No. 28.07.2014 28.07.2014 Working --- Yes 09°37'24" N 78°05'46" E Open ARABATH, onukhal 10/1A2 18, Industries to to 09°37'32" N to cast S/o.Rabeek Raja 10/4A1 (MMB-2 ) 27.07.2034 78°05'51" E Door No. 1-A, 10/4A2 Department, Chokkampatti, 10/5A Dated: MelurTaluk, 10/6 04.07.2014 Madurai District 1.91.50

33 M/s. KIPSI Granite KariapattiVa 21/1B (p) (G.O. (3D) No. 05.05.2015 05.05.2015 Working --- Yes 09°37'48.09" 78°05'22.79" Open INTERNATIONAAL, kkanangund 21/1C2 5, Industries to N to E to cast No.2/229, u (p) (MMB-2 ) 04.05.2035 09°38'00.40" N 78°05'31.82" Vakkanangundu 21/7A Department, E Village, 21/8A Dated: KariapattiTaluk, 21/8B 07.03.2015) Virudhunagar District 22/9H 27

22/18 (p) 22/21 22/22 22/23 (P 28/6B 28/6C 29/1 29/2 29/3 29/4A1 29/4B 29/4C 30/1A 30/1B 30/3A 30/2A1 30/2A2 30/4B 30/5B 30/6B 4.95.9

10. DETAILS OF ROYALTY OR REVENUE RECEIVED IN LAST THREE YEARS

Revenue Royalty Year Realised (in Lakhs Rs) (in Lakhs Rs)

2016-17 3777.29 992.58

2017-18 3434.82 636.74

2018-19 2953.32 236.52

11. DETAILS OF PRODUCTION OF MINOR MINERALSIN LAST THREE YEARS

Granite Year inCu.M.

2016-17 72221.891

2017-18 57481.535

2018-19 42015.278

12. MINERAL MAP OF THE DISTRICT

13 LIST OF LETTER OF INTENT (LOI) HOLDERS FOR LIMEKANKAR IN THE DISTRICT ALONG WITH ITS VALIDITY AS PER THE FOLLOWING FORMAT

NIL

14. TOTAL MINERAL RESERVE AVAILABLE IN THE DISTRICT

DIMENSION RESOURCE IN S.No Rock type STONES MILLION cbm

1 GRANITE GNEISS Calcutta Biscuit 1,00,000 2 GRANITE Raw Silk 9,400 Sivakasi Grey 31,950 3 PEGMATOIDAL GRANITE Rosa Verde 4,200

Source: Geology and Resource survey for dimension stone deposits in and around Sivakasi, Virudhunagar District Tamil Nadu

15. QUALITY /GRADE OF MINERAL AVAILABLE IN THE DISTRICT Quality of Granite Test conducted S.No Test results (%) 1 Water absorption 0.48 2 Moisture Content 0.06 3 Density (Kg/cm2) 2612 4 Porosity 1.26 5 Specific gravity 2.62 Source:Bureau Veritas (India) Private Limited

16. USE OF MINERAL Multi colour Granite Polished multicolourgranite are widelyused for decorative purposes in building, monuments, Institutional,commercial and residential buildings in the for of slabs, tiles, cut to size, market etc., Granite finds its application in such industries by virtue of its high compressive and tensile strength, hardness 6.5- 31

7.5 in Moh’s scale, density and attain high polishing which create an excellent aesthetic value. Because of its high polishing nature and strengthen its commercial demand is increasing steadily in the world market, particularly in Italy, Spain Switzerland etc. The multi colour granite found in the applicants area has yellowish to pinkish background with wave pattern. Its demand is high both in domestic and international marketeven for the rough blocks.

17. DEMAND AND SUPPLY OF THE MINERALS IN THE LAST THREE YEARS

Granite

Year 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

Demand (Cub.m) 72221.891 57481.535 42015.278

Supply (Cub.m) 72221.891 57481.535 42015.278 32

18. MINING LEASES MARKED ON THE MAP OF THE DISTRICT

19. DETAILS OF THE AREA OF WHERE THERE IS A CLUSTER OF MINING LEASES VIZ. NUMBER OF MINING LEASES, LOCATION (LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE)

Area of mining Name Sl.N Letter / Order Name of the lease to Location of mining lease of the Village Taluk District o No. & Date lease be (Latitude & Longitude) Mineral allotted (Ha)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 G.O.3(D)No.56 9°28’32.8”N To 9°28’35.50” N Ind (MMB2) 77°47’56.6”E To 77°47’57.7”E Dept.Dt.24.11.2 Tvl.Standard 1 Granite 0.80.5 Thiruthangal Sivakasi Virudhunagar 003 (Renewal) Granite

G.O.3(D)No.45 9°28’32.4”N To 9°28’30.40” N Ind.(MMB2)Dept Tvl.Standard 77°48’02.7”E To 77°48’01.7”E 2 Granite 1.47.0 Thiruthangal Sivakasi Virudhunagar . Dt.27.2.2006 Granite

23. RECLAMATION OF MINED OUT AREA (BEST PRACTICE ALREADYIMPLEMENTED IN THE DISTRICT, REQUIREMENT AS PER RULESAND REGULATION, PROPOSED RECLAMATION PLAN)

In Granite leased out area the regional trees like Casuarinas,

Eucalyptus Teak, Panai tree etc are planted along the Lease boundary and

avenues as well as over Non-active dumps at a rate of 20 trees per annum

with interval 5m in between. The rate of survival expected to be 80% in this

area.

26. PLANTATION AND GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT IN RESPECT OF LEASES ALREADY GRANTED IN THE DISTRICT

It is necessary to develop Green Belt in and around the polluted site

with suitable species to reduce the air pollution effectively. Implementation

of afforestation program is of paramount importance. In addition to

augmenting existing vegetation, it also checks soil erosion, make the

ecosystem more complex and functionally more stable and make the

climate more conductive.

Mineral deposits being shallow and deep in depth, mining and

simultaneous backfilling method is being followed in most of the mining

areas. The plantation is proposed and is being carried out in the safety

barrier areas and also in the minedout and backfilled areas. Plantation is

propsoed in minimum 20% of the total lease area for Granite.

Stabilisation and Vegetation of Dumps

The material to be dumped shall be very hard in natue and it does

not require any grading separatel. The materials like granite rejects shall

be graded auomatically during dumping by Excavato and tipper

combinations. Part of top soil will be spread over the Non-active dumps

along the slope and edges to plant tree saplings to form vegetal cover over

the dumps. Such vegetal cover will preventerosion of dumps during rainy

seasons.

27. ANY OTHER INFORMATION

NIL

Deputy Director District Collector Geology and Mining, Virudhunagar Virudhunagar