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John Biscoe • A NEWS BULLETIN , published quarterly by the NEW ZEALAND ANTARCTIC SOCIETY New Zealanders at Shackleton Base. Weddell Sea. VOL. I. NO.2. JUNE 1956. ~= • I COVER PICTURE A New Zetllano quinT-ef in the Weddeli Sea, duting the est!lblish· \' ment of Sh.,dlefon Base, in front of a "sno-cot" during <'l: bretlk in the unlooding. From left: Bob Miller. Johnny Claydon, Ed. HillMy, George Lowe and Gordo," Haslop. Trons-Antarclic Expedition. Wvrld Copyright Reserved. I (Stop Press) An Antarctic wind-sounding bal­ I loon altitude record was established CAt1lPBELL ISLAND in April when a balloon rose to By Radio Telephone, June 11. &t,OOOft. The previous record was a Excavations for the new camp "Deep1reeze" ascent 01 60,OOOn. buildings are complete. Pile driving A young sea-elephant came ashore proved easier than expected, the on May 24 branded MFIRS. This peat depth being 1rom zero to 12ft, branding was done on Macquarie March and April were wet and Island last October. On several windy, but May brought remarkably occasions right whales have been little rain or wind. Several days basking in North West Bay, and were calm and even fine. There was some fur seals were seen at Pen· a 12 0 frost, and on June 8 half an guin Bay on the S.W. coast. inch of snow, Vol. 1. No.2. • JUNE,1956 Editor: L. B. Quartermain, M.A., 1 Ariki Road, Wellington, E.2, New Zealand. Business Communications, Subscriptions, etc., to: Secretary, New Zealand Antarctic Society, P.O. Box 2110, Wellington, New Zealand. Annual Subscription 15/-, Single Copy 4/-. N.Z.-U.S. BASE AT CAPE ADARE A joint United Slates-New zealand scientific base is to be set up early next year near Cape Adare, the nearest point in the Ross Dependency to New Zealand. New Zealand will send three scientists to the base during the Inter· national Geophysical Year (1957·58>' Their work will be an important supplement to the observations made at the New Zealand base in McMurdo Sound and other Antarctic I.G.Y, stations. The United States Navy will construct the base and will provide transport for the party. American equipment will be provided for the New Zealand scientists. Arrangements for the joint station have been made in collaboration with the United States National Committee for the I.G.Y. Dr. M. A. F. Barnett. Director of will accordingly be an Important Meteorological Services, visited supplement to similar observations Washington recently for discussions made at Scott Base In McMurdo on the base. Dr. Barnett. who had Sound and at the French station at been attending a conference of the Point GeologIe in Adelie Land. World Meteorological Organisation Apart from Its Immediate useful· in Geneva, is chainnan of the New ness, weather information gathered Zealand national committee for the at Cape Adare will be valuable to the International GeophysIcal Year. New !Zealand Meteorological Ser· Cape Adare will be an Important vice for longer tenn weather fore­ link in the chain of stations being casting and research. established for the Internationall GeophysIcal Year around the coast U.S.·N.Z. PERSONNEL of Antarctica. and on the north· The station wlll be staffed by 12 south line stretching from the men, nine Americans and three South Pole through McMurdo New Zealanders. A doctor, a Sound. Campbell Island. Invercar· mechanic, two radio-operators, gill. ChrIstchurch and on to the three "aerographers" (meteoroIo­ equator. logical observers) and a cook will It lies on the major earth fault be U.S. Navy personnel. and wlll separating the western part of An­ form the base operating staff whose tarctica from the supposed land special duty It will be to provide SUbmergence of the Ross Sea. weather information for the U.S. SeIsmological observatIons there Navy. 26 ANTARCTIC June, 1956 The ninth American will be a civil meteorologist, who with the I.G.Y. BASE three New Zealanders will form the I.G.Y. party at the base. The New No radio report was received Zealand scientists, who have not from the Royal Society's I.G.Y. yet been selected, will be primarily Base In the WeddeU Sea between responsible for: the departure of the ''Theron'' on (1) aurora and air-glow February 8 and early March, when • (2) ionospheric recording the station s own transmitter began (3) geomagnetism and ' seismology. to operate. The party's own vessel, the M.V. "Toltan," had left on Janu­ The United States authorities are ary 22, returning north without , providing an aU-sky camera and a difficulty by a more westerly route patrol spectrograph designed to than that taken on the southern give infonnatlon on the types of journey. aurora and the physical conditions in the higher atmosphere. For iono· The base is situated at Ha1Iey sphere work the Americans will Bay in 75°28'S., 26°43'W., some 200 provide a panoramic ionosonde, miles "overland" from Shackleton which sends pulses into the iono­ Base. Ten men are wintering here. sphere and down again. by me~ The leader is Surgeon Lieutenant­ of which the height can be mea­ Commander David Dalgliesh, R.N. sured by observations over the With him are Major G. Watson, Dr. ·'ln1,.. fr:-'Q ency range. As regards Slanley Evans and E. Limbert g\O'omaguetism, standard geomag­ (scientists), J. Raymond and D. netic equipment will be used. but Prior (carpenters), J{ Powell and R. of interest is a three-component Dalgliesh, a brother of the leader seismograph w hie h measures (tractor drivers), Commissioned seismicity in two directions in the Boatswain G. Lush, and C. P. Le horizontal plane as well as vert!­ Feuvre (wireless operator).. cany. There is no exposed rock at the I base site. The ice appears station. PREVIOUS EXPLORATION ary, with the sea-ice forming a natural quay-side. A continuous ice. Cape Adare, the north-eastern sheet apparently resting on a extremity of Victoria Land, was rocky bottom rises very gradually first sIghted in 1841 by Sir James over a distance of about 35 miles. Clark Ross in the course of his An easy slope gives access to the great voyage in the ''Erebus" and ice-sheet. The base site is a mile ''T~rrorJt on which he discovered and a hall from the slope, and two the Ross Sea and circumnavigated miles from the open sea. It is be­ the Antarctic Continent_ lieved that this is the spot named Ross named the promontory, sur­ Glacier Bay by Shackleton in Janu­ rounded by cliffs 1,000 feet high, ary, 1915. after his friend Viscount Adare, an The exterior of the hut was com­ Irish M.P. who took a keen interest pleted by Easter Sunday and a re­ in astronomy and allied sciences. port from the Royal Society to "An­ After its discovery by Ross, Cape tarctic" dated May 18 states, 'The Adam was not sighted again for party are now living inside it. They over hall a century. In 1895 a Nor­ will make some meteorological and wegian expedition made there the ionospheric measurements and first landing on the continent of photograph the aurora with an an· Antarctica. sky camera this season." June, 1956 ANTARCTIC 27. NEW ZEALAND TEAM FOR SCOTT BASE The New Zealand Antarctic Expedition which will establish Scott base on McMurdo Sound next summer, and will include the field party to lay depots and assist the crossing team of the Trans-Antarctic Expedi­ • tion in the final stage of its journey, is fast taking shape. The Ross Sea Committee under the Han. C. M. Bowden, WiUl generous assistance from the Government and innumerable organisations and individuals, is well ahead with its preparations, including the selection of personnel. The full New Zealand group is planned to comprise 22 men. Of these, 15 have now been named. THE FIELD PARTY team. They are the Royal New zea­ Sir Edmund P. Hillary, Auckland, land Air Force's Antarctic Flight, aged 35: Leader. at present planned to comprise Mr. J. Holmes Miller, Masterton, three men, and the International aged 36: Deputy leader, naVigator, Geophysical Year party of five surveyor. assistant geologist and scientists_ stores officer. The Antarctic Flight will com­ Dr. George l\:larsb, London, aged prise: 30: Field medical officer, chief dog Squadron Leader John R. Clay. handler and veterinarian. don, Christchurch, aged 39: Officer IIIr. Harry H. Ayres, Franz Josef, commanding, and senior pilot. aged 42: Ice expert and assistant Flying Officer \V. J. Cranfield, dog handler. Christchurch, aged 22: Assistant 1\fr. l\lurra.y Ellis, Dunedin, aged pilot. 31: Engineer officer. Sergeant L. W. Tarr, Thames, Mr. Bernard .l\I. Gunll, Dunedin, aged 31: Engine fitter. aged 28: geologist and photo· The l.G.Y. group has not yet been grapher. selected by the Inter-Departmental Lt. Richard Brooke, London, aged Committee handling arrangements, , 29: Assistant dog handler and but one appointment has been surveyor. made" namely. Mr. Roy A. Carlyon, Wanganui, Dr. Trevor Hathemo, Welllng­ aged 24: assistant surveyor and ton, aged 31: Chief scientist. navigator. In announcing the appointment, SCOTT BASE GROUP the Minister in Charge of the De. partment, Mr. Algie, said, "As one Dr. Ronald lV. BalhuD1, Welling­ 01 New Zealand's observers with ton, aged 34: meteorologist, biolo­ the United States "Operation Deep­ gist and zoologist. freeze," Dr. Hatherton showed Chier Petty·Officer Peter D. qualities of leadership, endurance, l\luJgrew, Lower Hutt, aged 29: and administrative ability which SenIor radio operator. marked him out as a natural aged 29: Senior radio operator. leader of the party." Dr. Hatherton l\1,r. John Edward Gawn, Welling­ will be in charge of the organisa­ ton.
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