Colorful Wildflowers Blooming in Illinois' Woodlands Are a Delight to Behold. Nearly Every Week Throughout the Spring and Summ

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Jacob’s-ladder Polemonium reptans columbine Aquilegia canadensis s s s y s y s s e e e r e r e c e c c e c i e c i i c i i i g v g v v v v r v a r r a r r r e e e e e m S e m S Wildflowers S S I S I S c c c c i c k i i c k i l i l l i l l a l a b b b b e b e b u u u r u r u u P b P P b P P P y y a R a R R R R R D N D N N N N N , D , D D D I D I I D y I y I I a , a , , , , , e D e e D e e e d d d d d d d d d d d d d d r o r o o o o o a a H H H H H h H h c c e i e e i e l e l l e l R l R l e e e e e e d d d d d d A A A A A A © © o © o © © © t © t © o o o o o o h h o t o t t t t t P o P o o o o o h h h h h h P P P P P P

celandine poppy Stylophorum diphyllum common phlox Phlox divaricata wild ginger Asarum canadense bluebells Mertensia virginica s s s y s y m e m e e e h h c o c c o c i p i i p c i c v . . v v a v a r s s r r r r r l l e l e l e g e g S S a S a o S o f f t t r r c o c c o c i e e i i i l t h l l t h l b a b b P a b P u u u w u w r P c r P P c P e e n n t t R r R R , r R , o N n o N N n N P o P D o D D D I s I s I I n n d , d , , , e e e E e e E e v v d d d d e e d t d d t d S o S o © o © o H H H H h h o o c t c t e e i e i e l l l o l o R e R e e h e h d d d d P P A A A A © © © o o © © © t t o o o o o o h t h t t t o P P o o o h h h h P P P P

rue anemone Anemonella thalictroides great waterleaf Hydrophyllum appendiculatum s s s s e e e c e c i c i c i i v v v r v r r r e e e S e S S S c c i c i c l i l i l l b b b b u u u u P P P P R R R R N N N N D D I D I D I I , , , , e e e e d d d d d d d d o o o o H H H yellow bellwort Uvularia grandiflora showy orchis Galearis spectabilis H e e l e l e l l e e e e d d d d A A A A © © © © o o o t o t t s n t s o n o e o o e o o h h c s c h s h i P i t P t P v P r v r r r e e e e b b S S o o R R c c i i l . l . b R b R u u P h P h t t e e R R n n N N n n D e D e I I K K , , e e d d © © d d o o o o t H t Dentaria laciniata H Sanguinaria canadensis o toothwort o bloodroot h e h e l l P P e e d d A A © © o s o s t r t r e e e o e o c c i i d h d h v r v r P i P r i r e B e B S S y y l c l c i r i r l l a a b b E E u u P P e e h h R R T T N N , , s D s D i I i I t t , r , r e u e u d C d C d d o b o b o H o H R R e e l l e e © © d d A A o o t t o o © © h h P P o o t t o o h h P P

woolly blue violet Viola sororia squirrel corn Dicentra canadensis spring beauty Claytonia virginica mayapple Podophyllum peltatum s s s s s s s s e e e e e e e e c c c c c c c i c i i i i i i i v v v v v v v v r r r r r r r r e e e e e e e e S S S S S S S S c c c c c c c i c i i i i i i l i l l l l l l l b b b b b b b b u u u u u u u u P P P P P P P P R R R R R R R R N N N N N N N N D D D D D D D I D I I I I I I I , , , , , , , , e e e e e e e e d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d o o o o o o o o H H H H H H H H e e e e e e e l e l l l l l l l e e e e e e e e d d d d d d d d A A A A A A A A © © © © © © © © o o o o o o o o t t t t t t t t o o o o o o o o h h h h h h h h P P P P P P P P

purple trillium Trillium recurvatum spotted touch-me-not Impatiens capensis dwarf larkspur Delphinium tricorne Dutchman’s-breeches Dicentra cucullaria

Species List This poster was made possible by: FAMILY ARACEAE – ARUM FAMILY FAMILY FUMARIACEAE – FUMITORY FAMILY FAMILY POLEMONIACEAE – PHLOX FAMILY olorful wildflowers blooming in Illinois’ woodlands are green dragon Arisaema dracontium* squirrel corn Dicentra canadensis common phlox Phlox divaricata Jack-in-the-pulpit Arisaema triphyllum* Dutchman’s-breeches Dicentra cucullaria Jacob’s-ladder Polemonium reptans Illinois Department of a delight to behold. Nearly every week throughout the Natural Resources FAMILY ARISTOLOCHIACEAE – BIRTHWORT FAMILY FAMILY GERANIACEAE – GERANIUM FAMILY FAMILY PORTULACACEAE – PURSLANE FAMILY spring and summer an observer will be rewarded with wild ginger Asarum canadense wild geranium Geranium maculatum* spring beauty Claytonia virginica Division of Education FAMILY BALSAMINACEAE – JEWELWEED FAMILY FAMILY HYDROPHYLLACEAE – WATERLEAF FAMILY FAMILY RANUNCULACEAE – BUTTERCUP FAMILY Division of Natural Heritage glimpses of different species in flower. The 28 species spotted touch-me-not Impatiens capensis great waterleaf Hydrophyllum appendiculatum doll’s-eyes Actaea pachypoda* rue anemone Anemonella thalictroides FAMILY BERBERIDACEAE – BARBERRY FAMILY FAMILY LILIACEAE – LILY FAMILY columbine Aquilegia canadensis illustrated on this poster were selected by John Wilker of the mayapple Podophyllum peltatum white trout lily Erythronium albidum* dwarf larkspur Delphinium tricorne Illinois Wildlife Preservation Solomon’s-seal Polygonatum commutatum* sharp-lobed hepatica Hepatica acutiloba* Illinois Department of Natural Resources’ Division of Natural FAMILY BIGNONIACEAE – BIGNONIA FAMILY purple trillium Trillium recurvatum Fund trumpet creeper Campsis radicans* yellow bellwort Uvularia grandiflora FAMILY VIOLACEAE – VIOLET FAMILY woolly blue violet Viola sororia Heritage to illustrate the variety of species that grow in Illinois’ FAMILY BORAGINACEAE – BORAGE FAMILY FAMILY ORCHIDACEAE – ORCHID FAMILY bluebells Mertensia virginica showy orchis Galearis spectabilis Funding for this poster was made possible in part Cwoodlands and to encourage you to use some of these native FAMILY BRASSICACEAE – MUSTARD FAMILY FAMILY PAPAVERACEAE – POPPY FAMILY by contributions to the Illinois Wildlife Dentaria laciniata toothwort bloodroot Sanguinaria canadensis Preservation Fund. species in your garden. celandine poppy Stylophorum diphyllum * Photo found on reverse side. Illinois

As of 2008, 263 species of plants are listed as endangered in Illinois and 76 are bloodroot Sanguinaria canadensis common phlox Phlox divaricata threatened for the state. While not all of these species are woodland wildflowers, Bloodroot flowers from early March through May. It grows Common phlox is also known as sweet William. A perenni - the threats to all plant species are important. in rich, moist woods throughout the state. This perennial al plant, it grows upright or creeping with stems to one and plant develops from a thick underground stem. The distinc - one-half feet long. The leaves are oblong or oval and tive red sap of the stem is the reason for the “bloodroot” arranged opposite each other on the stem. Each finely hairy In the past, habitat destruction has been the main problem facing Illinois’ native name. The red sap was commonly used as a dye by Native leaf may be up to four inches long. The light purple to blue plants. Illinois retains only 11 percent of its land in the original vegetation type Americans. The leaf arises from the base of the plant. The flowers develop in clusters at the stem tip. Each flower has leaf is lobed, smooth, up to three inches wide and three five petals. A single flower may be one and one-fourth inch - (49th in the nation). While habitat destruction remains a significant problem, inches long. It is rolled inward around the flower stalk when es wide. The seeds are contained in a capsule. Common WOODLAND phlox can be found statewide growing in rich open woods. habitat degradation is eroding the landscape’s ability to maintain natural biodi - the plant is blooming. The white flower is borne on a stalk, versity. Habitat degradation by nonnative (“exotic”) invasive plant species is the and each flower may be one and one-half inches wide. The It flowers from mid-April through early June. eight to 15 flower petals fall from the stalk after one day. prime problem for native plant conservation. Exotic species lead to local extinc - Seeds are enclosed in a green capsule. doll’s-eyes Actaea pachypoda r tions by robbing native plants of critical resources (sunlight, water and nutri - r Doll’s-eyes is a perennial plant e e d Flowers growing in forested areas must be able d r r i bluebells Mertensia virginica i that grows from an underground B Wildflowers B ents) through increased competition and crowding. Another problem involves y y l l r

r stem. Above ground, the upright a

Bluebells grow from shallow roots. The upright stems are a E stress from grazing/browsing animals, such as white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus vir - E stems may reach two feet tall. e to survive changing conditions. They adapt to sometimes branched and may reach two feet in height. The e h h T T , ginianus ). The deer population is often two to five times higher in an area than , Leaves develop at the base of the s s

simple leaves are arranged alternately on the stem. Oblong i i t t r r

u plant and along the stem, with the u C these changes in several ways. Many woodland recommended by scientists for plant conservation and can decimate native plant to oval in shape, leaves may be up to six inches long. Flowers C b b stem leaves in an alternate o are arranged in clusters at the stem tip. Five blue petals per o R populations. Habitat destruction leads to landscape fragmentation, with small R arrangement. The leaves are dou - ©

flower are united into a tube for most of their length. A © o o bly compound with oval, toothed t wildflowers complete their life cycle early in the isolated patches of habitat instead of larger habitat areas that are connected. t o

flower may be one and one-fourth inches long. The fruit is o h h P Fragmentation reduces the amount of land suitable for dispersal and germina - a cluster of four wrinkled nutlets. Spectacular flowering dis - P leaflets. Flowers arise in an oblong cluster at the stem tip. Each spring. In this manner, they are able take tion of seeds and increases the potential for local extinctions. Natural cycles plays of this species can be seen statewide in rich woods from late March to late May. flower is about one-fourth inch serve as checks and balances on ecological processes, and land-use changes have wide on a short stalk and has three advantage of sunlight that will soon be blocked disrupted these cycles with harmful effects. For example, periodic fires once celandine poppy Stylophorum diphyllum to five, tiny white petals. The fruit is an oval, shiny white berry on a red stem. Each berry has a purple dot on one end were common in the state, and those plants adapted to the effects of fires were Celandine poppy, or wood-poppy, is a perennial with hairy giving the appearance of a toy doll’s eye, and thus, one of its when leaves on canopy trees unfurl. They must able to flourish. Now, unless set intentionally as a management tool, fires rarely stems that grow to about one foot in height. The stems have common names. Growing statewide in rich thick woods and yellow sap that was commonly used as a dye by Native ravines, doll’s-eyes blooms from May through June. quickly grow, flower and produce seeds. Their occur in the Illinois landscape. Without regular fires, many forests experience a Americans. Leaves grow from the base of the plant and rapid change in the species growing in them. The result may be denser, shadier along the stem. The hairy leaves are pinnately lobed, with Dutchman’s-breeches Dicentra cucullaria habitats that can contribute to local extinctions of wildflowers and tree seedlings each leaf up to about 10 inches long. Flowers arise in clus - seeds can survive until conditions for growth are ters of up to four at the stem tip. There are four yellow This perennial plant grows from a bulb. It has no leaf-bear - that do not grow well in shaded conditions. Both habitat destruction and degra - petals per flower, and each flower may be two inches wide. ing stems. All leaves arise from the base of the plant. Each dation lead to local extinctions. Once a plant species is gone from a particular The fruit is a hairy capsule, up to one inch long. Celandine leaf is finely divided. Flowers develop in a cluster at the tip favorable. Several species grow from underground of a leafless stalk that may be 10 inches tall. Each flower may habitat patch, it may be gone forever, affecting not only plant diversity but also poppy grows in rich wet woods of the southern one-fourth of Illinois as well as in Vermilion and Cook counties. be two-thirds inch long and up to three-fourths inch wide. animals and other organisms that were dependent on it. Flowers are produced from March through May. The four petals are arranged in two inflated pairs that are structures that store food produced during the white except for a yellow tip. Petals spread out and have columbine Aquilegia canadensis pointed spurs at the base. The fruits are oblong to linear, short growing season. Other wildflowers of smooth and up to one inch long. Each fruit contains sever - Growing from thick roots, the upright, branched stems of al seeds. Dutchman’s-breeches may be found statewide columbine may reach two feet in height. This perennial growing in rich woods. Flowers are produced from mid- woodland habitats are adapted to conditions of plant has basal leaves that are doubly compound, while the March through early May. Its common name was given to leaves on the upper stems are divided and do not have stalks. the plant because the flowers resemble the wide-legged Flowers are produced in clusters at the stem tip, and a sin - pants worn by early European settlers. low light, blooming later in the year and for a gle flower may be two and one-half inches long on a slender stalk. The five petals are projected backwards into five hol - dwarf larkspur Delphinium tricorne longer period of time. Those wildflowers growing low spurs that are red outside and yellow inside. In Latin, "aquila " means "eagle," so the genus name of Aquilegia Dwarf larkspur, wild larkspur and spring larkspur are all refers to the five spurs that resemble an eagle's claws. The common names for this perennial plant. It grows from roots near the edge of woodlands have access to more fruit is a cluster of five follicles with slender beaks. and may attain a height of two and one-half feet. The leaves Columbine grows in rocky woods statewide and flowers are arranged alternately on the stem, with each leaf having from mid-April to July. five to seven lobes. The blue flowers are clustered at the tip light than interior woodland species. green dragon Ariisaema dracontiium PPhotohoto © Kenneth R. Robertson

of a stalk. Each flower has four petals, and a single flower Jacob’s-ladder Polemonium reptans sharp-lobed hepatica Hepatica acutiloba When mature capsules are touched, they split open, throw - sule. Trumpet creeper is native to the southern half of Illinois woolly blue violet Viola sororia may be one and one-half inches long. Five sepals are also r

r ing the seeds several feet away. but has spread statewide. It grows in roadsides, fields, thick - e A perennial that grows from a short, thick root, Jacob’s-lad - e Also known as liver- The woolly blue violet is the State Flower of Illinois. A peren - d d r r i present, of which one is developed into a spur. Dwarf lark - i ets and the edges of woods. Flowers are produced from June B der may have upright or spreading stems and can reach one B leaf, sharp-lobed hepati - nial plant, it grows to three to eight inches in height. The y y l spur grows in the southern two-thirds of Illinois in rich l r r spring beauty Claytonia virginica through August. a foot in height. The pinnately compound leaves are a ca grows statewide in heart-shaped leaves are produced in a cluster close to the E woods and produces flowers from April through June. E e e h h rich upland woods. A woodland carpet of spring beauty flowers is a common ground. Blue or purple flowers arise on separate stalks than

arranged alternately on the stem. Each leaf has three to 13 T T , , s s i i sight from March through May. Two leaves develop oppo - white trout lily Erythronium albidum t This perennial plant has the leaves, with one flower per stalk. Flowers are variable in t

oblong, smooth leaflets. Five pale blue petals develop per r great waterleaf Hydrophyllum appendiculatum r u u C C

site each other, with each leaf up to six inches long and one- s no leaf-bearing stems. s White trout lily, size, color and shape. Leaves are often taller than the flowers.

flower, with flowers clustered at the tip of the stem. Each e e b b c c o i o This upright perennial may reach a height of up to one foot i v R v R

half inch wide. Flowers form in a cluster at the stem tip. A r Each flower has five petals, and the lower petals show much Leaves arise from the r adder’s tongue and e

flower may be two-thirds inch wide. The fruit is an ovoid e S or more. Its leaves have five to seven shallow lobes. Each leaf S © © c base of the plant on single flower may be one inch wide. The five petals are c veining. The fruit is a capsule with several seeds. Found i i o l

o white dog-tooth vio - capsule that usually contains three seeds. Jacob’s-ladder l t t b b

is toothed, hairy and mottled with green and gray. The gen - o o u u h h

white or pink. The fruit is a nearly spherical capsule, about P statewide in woods, this violet flowers from March through long stalks. Each leaf P P grows statewide in rich woods and flowers from April P let are all common

eral appearance of the leaf is similar to that of a maple tree R R N has three, pointed one-fourth inch in diameter, with three to six flat seeds. N May. D D names for this peren - I leaf. Flowers are produced in a cluster at the stem tip. Each through June. I , , e lobes. Flowers develop This perennial grows statewide in moist or dry open woods e d d nial species. There d five-petaled, purple flower is up to one-half inch wide. The d o o yellow bellwort and occasionally prairies, as well as parks, cemeteries and H Uvularia grandiflora singly on stalks that may be eight inches tall. There are no H fruit is a small spherical capsule. Found statewide, great are no leaf-bearing e

mayapple Podophyllum peltatum e l l e petals. Each flower is composed of five to nine sepals that are lawns under tree canopies. e d d stems, but the plant Flowers are produced in this perennial species from A

waterleaf grows in rich bottomland woods and blooms from A The mayapple, or mandrake, is a common perennial white to lavender in color. Fruits are dry, hard, one-seeded

© mid-April through mid-May. Found statewide in rich April through July. © does produce two o inhabitant of woods throughout Illinois. It develops o t structures (achenes). Sharp-lobed hepatica flowers from early squirrel corn Dicentra canadensis t o o basal leaves, some woods, this wildflower grows from thick roots. Its h h P from an underground stem. The smooth, upright stem P green dragon Arisaema dracontium March to early May. Squirrel corn has an appearance very similar to that of with dark blotches, upright, smooth stems are often branched and may be grows to about two feet in height and has two umbrel - Dutchman’s-breeches. Its common name is derived from its one and one-half feet tall. The simple leaves are

n that may be six to nine inches tall. Its single flower has six n The unique flower structures of o o s s lalike leaves, each with five to nine lobes. A single leaf t t showy orchis Galearis spectabilis

r arranged alternately on the stem. Each leaf is oblong to r yellow tuber that looks like a grain of corn a squirrel may white petals that may show purple on the back. The fruit is a e e green dragon can be observed b b

o may be 14 inches wide. The leaves attach to the stalk o oval, smooth and about four inches long. The leaf R R when the plant blooms in wood - Showy orchis grows throughout Illinois in rich low woods have buried. This perennial has no leaf-bearing stems. The capsule with several seeds. White trout lily may be found . . R R from their bottom center. Flowering occurs from late and blooms from mid-April through June. It is a perennial leaves grow from the base of the plant and are finely divid - appears to surround the stem. Each yellow flower may h h lands statewide from mid-April statewide growing in woods and fields. It flowers from March t t e e

n March to June. One white flower develops where the n ed. Flowers are clustered at the tip of a stalk that may be 12 be one and one-half inches long and is found singly at n whose two leaves grow from the base of the plant. Each n through late May. This perennial through May. e e K K grows from an underground corm leaf stalks join the main stem. The flower has six to nine smooth leaf may be up to six inches long and three inches inches tall. Four white or yellow-white petals are arranged in the stem tip, where it droops from a curved stalk. The © © petals and only lasts for a day or two. The fruit is an

o fruit is a three-angled capsule, up to one-half inch in o two pairs with rounded spurs at their base. A flower may be

t wide. Flowers develop in a short spike. Each flower, purple t and has no leaf-bearing stems.

o wild geranium Geranium maculatum o h h

P ovoid, yellow berry that may be two inches long. The P The one leaf present arises from and white, is about one inch long. There are three petals per two-thirds inch long and three-fourths inch wide. The fruit length with a few seeds. s s A perennial plant that grows e e c

fruit ripens in August. c i the base of the plant and has as flower, covered by a hood of the united three sepals. The is a capsule, about one inch long, that splits down the sides i v v r r from thick roots, wild gerani - e e S many as 17 leaflets. The flowers fruit is a capsule, about one inch in length. to release seeds. Squirrel corn grows statewide in rich woods S c c i i

l um has upright stems that may l b are clustered at the base of a cylin - purple trillium Trillium recurvatum and flowers from late March through mid-May. b u u P P grow to one and one-half feet R drical column called a spadix that Solomon’s-seal Polygonatum commutatum R N

The purple trillium is also known as the purple wake N D

D tall. The leaves at the base of I extends into a long (up to seven inches) yellow appendage, toothwort Dentaria laciniata I , , n n This perennial wildflower e

robin. Found statewide in rich woods, this perennial aris - e o o s d s d the plant have three to five t t d d

or “dragon’s tongue.” The spadix is enveloped in a protec - r r o o e es from thick roots. Its upright, unbranched stem may be e grows from a thick under - Also known as pepper-root, toothwort is a perennial plant H b H b lobes, are hairy and may be up o o

tive green sheath. Male and female flowers are sometimes on e e R R l with unbranched stems that may be up to one foot in height. l e

. ground stem. Its upright, e one and one-half feet tall. Three leaves are present in a . d R d R to five inches wide. The stem A the same plant, and sometimes on different plants. The A h h Leaves develop at the base of the plant as well as in a whorl t unbranched leaf stems whorl under the flower. Leaves are mottled and up to four t e e © © leaves are opposite, hairy and n flowers do not have petals. The fruit is a red-orange berry, n n n o of three below the flowers. Leaves are palmately lobed, and o e

attain a height of one to t e inches long. A single flower blooms at the stem tip. The t K o K o smaller than the basal leaves.

and berries can be seen clustered in thick heads. h Glossary h P three feet. The lance- the lobes are usually coarsely toothed. Flowers are up to P © flower has three maroon petals, each up to one and one- © Flowers are produced in a clus - o o t t shaped to oval leaves are three-fourths inch long and wide and develop in clusters at o half inches long. The fruit is an ovoid, six-angled dry o annual plant that completes a cycle h Jack-in-the-pulpit Arisaema triphyllum h ter at the stem tip. Each flower has five, rose-purple petals P berry, about three-fourths inch long. This species blooms P arranged alternately on the stem tip. Flower petals may be white, pale lavender or from seed germination to seed y

y that may be one and one-half inches long. The fruit is a cap - r r Jack-in-the-pulpit, or Indian turnip, e e the stem. Leaves are pink. The fruit is long (up to one and one-half inches) and g g in Illinois from late March to late May. a a is a perennial that develops from an sule, about one and one-half inches long. Wild geranium production in one year m m I I smooth and may be six inches long and four inches wide. slender, with a single row of seeds. Flowering occurs from k k underground corm. There are no grows statewide in rich woods and produces flowers mid- a a e e Flowers hang from leaf axils in clusters of two. The green- early March to April in rich woods throughout the state. It r r berry multi-seeded fleshy fruit b b rue anemone Anemonella thalictroides April through June.

y leaf-bearing stems. The one or two y a a white flowers are shaped like a tube. The fruit is a spherical, is one of the first wildflowers to bloom in spring. D D , , leaves present grow from the plant’s

y Rue anemone is a perennial plant that grows from thick y bulb underground bud with fleshy a a dark-blue berry. Solomon’s-seal grows statewide in rich D D base and may reach a height of more roots. Its upright, unbranched stems may attain a height wild ginger Asarum canadense d d leaves and a flat stem r trumpet creeper Campsis radicans r woods, on riverbanks and in thickets. It flowers from May a a h

h than one foot. Each leaf is divided c c of eight inches. The plant’s compound leaves have three i i

r Wild ginger flowers from April through May in rich Illinois through mid-June r R R e e A perennial woody vine, d into three smooth leaflets. The flow - d corm underground vertical stem with r r i divisions that are further divided into three oval leaflets. i

o ers lack petals and are clustered at the o y y t l t l scaly leaves

Flowers develop in a small cluster at the stem tip. Each r r o o spotted touch-me-not Impatiens capensis stems and fleshy roots. There are no stems above ground. a a h h aerial rootlets. Its leaves are E E

P base of a cylindrical column called a P

flower may be one inch wide and has its own stalk. There e e Two oppositely arranged leaves are produced, each leaf h An annual herb, spotted touch-me-not has upright stems h arranged oppositely on the nutlet a small nut T

spadix, that is covered by a leaflike T , ,

are no petals. What appear to be petals are actually sepals, s s being heart-shaped, hairy, about six inches long and on a i i

t stem and are pinnately com - structure (spathe) that encircles it and that may grow to eight feet tall. The smooth, toothed leaves t r r u u

with five to nine per flower. Sepals may be white, pink, C perennial arches over the top. The spathe can alternate on the stem. Each leaf may be up to three inches C pound, with seven to 11 hairy stalk. The single flower arises from the leaf axil. There plants that live three or more b b o lavender or shades of these colors. Fruits are a cluster of o R be green, purple or purple striped. The common name for long. Orange flowers, up to one and one-half inches in R toothed leaflets. The orange- are no petals. Three maroon sepals have the appearance of years © this plant is derived from this arrangement (the Jack, or achenes, dry, hard fruits with one seed. Each achene may length, arise from the tip of the leaf petiole. The fruits are © red flowers have five petals in petals. Sepals are united at the base and usually the tips o o t t tuber underground stem used as a o be up to one-half inch long. Rue anemone grows o h point downward. The fruit is a spherical capsule about one- preacher, in his covered pulpit). The fruit is a red berry, and capsules, up to one inch long. Spotted touch-me-not grows h a trumpetlike arrangement. P P berries are arranged in a cluster. Jack-in-the-pulpit flowers in statewide in dry open woods, and blooms from late in moist woods, on stream banks, in marshes and in Each flower is about three third inch in diameter. When disturbed, the underground storage organ April and May in woods throughout the state. March through June. swamps. Flowers develop from June through September. inches long. The fruit is a cap - stem gives off the aroma of ginger.

Leaf Shape Flower and Fruit Structures The Illinois Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) provides additional information and resources about woodland wildflowers in our state. Researchers at the Illinois Natural History Survey study woodland wildflowers, their distributions and population levels, and maintain Petal collections of specimens. The Division of Natural Heritage monitors populations of woodland wildflowers and makes and implements management options. The Division of Resource Stamen Review and Coordination reviews development plans proposed by local and state govern - ments and recommends measures to reduce or avoid adverse impacts to threatened or endan - Pistil gered species and their habitats. The Division of Education provides educational materials and Ovate Oval teacher training on a variety of natural resources topics, including woodland wildflowers, and Lanceolate Sepal offers grants for schoolyard wildlife habitat development and field trips for students. Many Alternate publications related to woodland wildflowers and to wildlife habitat development are available Opposite Superior Ovary Inferior Ovary through the publications order form at http://www.idnrteachkids.com. Leaflet Smooth Toothed Illinois Department of Natural Resources

Division of Education Division of Natural Heritage Illinois Natural History Survey One Natural Resources Way One Natural Resources Way 1816 South Oak Street Springfield, IL 62702-1271 Springfield, IL 62702-1271 Champaign, IL 61820 217-524-4126 217-785-8774 217-333-6880 Simple http://dnr.state.il.us http://dnr.state.il.us/offices/resource.htm http://www.inhs.uiuc.edu/ Entire Simple [email protected] Compound Petiole Division of Resource Review and Coordination Umbel One Natural Resources Way Doubly Springfield, IL 62702-1271 Palmately 217-785-5500 Compound Compound Raceme http://dnr.state.il.us/orep/nrrc/nrrc.htm

Spike Common and scientific names used on this poster are referenced from Vascular Flora of Illinois by Robert H. Mohlenbrock, 2002, Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale, 490 pp. Achene

Follicle Capsule Pinnately Compound

Rhizome Stem Stolon

Equal opportunity to participate in programs of the Illinois Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) and those funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and other agencies is available to all individuals regardless of race, sex, national origin, disability, age, religion or other non-merit factors. If you believe you have been discriminated against, contact the funding source’s civil rights office and/or the Equal Employment Opportunity Officer, IDNR, One Natural Resources Way, Springfield, IL 62702-1271; 217/785-0067; TTY 217/782-9175. This information may be provided in an alternative format if required. Contact the DNR Clearinghouse at 217/782-7498 for assistance. Pinnately Lobed Palmately Lobed Root Printed by the Authority of the State of Illinois. 10M –5/08 • IISG08-137 Illustrations used with permission from Spring Woodland Wildflowers of Illinois , Illinois Department of Natural Resources (IDNR), 1980. Forest Trees of Illinois , IDNR, 2006, and Illinois’ Forest Facts , IDNR, 2006.