The Anglo-Zulu War Battlefields 1878 – 1879
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Project Aneurin
The Aneurin Great War Project: Timeline Part 8 - The War Machines, 1870-1894 Copyright Notice: This material was written and published in Wales by Derek J. Smith (Chartered Engineer). It forms part of a multifile e-learning resource, and subject only to acknowledging Derek J. Smith's rights under international copyright law to be identified as author may be freely downloaded and printed off in single complete copies solely for the purposes of private study and/or review. Commercial exploitation rights are reserved. The remote hyperlinks have been selected for the academic appropriacy of their contents; they were free of offensive and litigious content when selected, and will be periodically checked to have remained so. Copyright © 2013-2021, Derek J. Smith. First published 09:00 BST 5th July 2014. This version 09:00 GMT 20th January 2021 [BUT UNDER CONSTANT EXTENSION AND CORRECTION, SO CHECK AGAIN SOON] This timeline supports the Aneurin series of interdisciplinary scientific reflections on why the Great War failed so singularly in its bid to be The War to End all Wars. It presents actual or best-guess historical event and introduces theoretical issues of cognitive science as they become relevant. UPWARD Author's Home Page Project Aneurin, Scope and Aims Master References List FORWARD IN TIME Part 1 - (Ape)men at War, Prehistory to 730 Part 2 - Royal Wars (Without Gunpowder), 731 to 1272 Part 3 - Royal Wars (With Gunpowder), 1273-1602 Part 4 - The Religious Civil Wars, 1603-1661 Part 5 - Imperial Wars, 1662-1763 Part 6 - The Georgian Wars, 1764-1815 Part 7 - Economic Wars, 1816-1869 FORWARD IN TIME Part 9 - Insults at the Weigh-In, 1895-1914 Part 10 - The War Itself, 1914 Part 10 - The War Itself, 1915 Part 10 - The War Itself, 1916 Part 10 - The War Itself, 1917 Part 10 - The War Itself, 1918 Part 11 - Deception as a Profession, 1919 to date The Timeline Items 1870 Charles A. -
Teaching World History with Major Motion Pictures
Social Education 76(1), pp 22–28 ©2012 National Council for the Social Studies The Reel History of the World: Teaching World History with Major Motion Pictures William Benedict Russell III n today’s society, film is a part of popular culture and is relevant to students’ as well as an explanation as to why the everyday lives. Most students spend over 7 hours a day using media (over 50 class will view the film. Ihours a week).1 Nearly 50 percent of students’ media use per day is devoted to Watching the Film. When students videos (film) and television. With the popularity and availability of film, it is natural are watching the film (in its entirety that teachers attempt to engage students with such a relevant medium. In fact, in or selected clips), ensure that they are a recent study of social studies teachers, 100 percent reported using film at least aware of what they should be paying once a month to help teach content.2 In a national study of 327 teachers, 69 percent particular attention to. Pause the film reported that they use some type of film/movie to help teach Holocaust content. to pose a question, provide background, The method of using film and the method of using firsthand accounts were tied for or make a connection with an earlier les- the number one method teachers use to teach Holocaust content.3 Furthermore, a son. Interrupting a showing (at least once) national survey of social studies teachers conducted in 2006, found that 63 percent subtly reminds students that the purpose of eighth-grade teachers reported using some type of video-based activity in the of this classroom activity is not entertain- last social studies class they taught.4 ment, but critical thinking. -
Did Prince Cetshwayo Read the Old Testament in 1859? the Role of the Bible and the Art of Reading in the Interaction Between
580 Holter: Prince Cetshwayo OTE 22/3 (2009), 580-588 Did Prince Cetshwayo Read the Old Testament in 1859? The Role of the Bible and the Art of Reading in the Interaction between Norwegian Missionaries th and the Zulu Elite in the Mid-19 Century 1 KNUT HOLTER (S CHOOL OF MISSION AND THEOLOGY , NORWAY / UNIVERSITY OF STELLENBOSCH ) Abstract The context of this essay is the celebration of 150 years of theological – including Old Testament – studies in South Africa, commemorating the establishing of a theological seminary in Stellenbosch in 1859. The essay discusses another but simultaneous incident reflecting the early interface between South Africa and the Bible. In late 1859, the Zulu Prince (later King) Cetshwayo approached Norwegian missionaries operating at the border between Natal and Zululand, expressing his wish to learn to read. The missionaries saw this as a God-given opportunity to expose the prince to the Word of God, and Moses, a Christian Zulu, was put in charge of the instruction. Based on Norwegian (and to some extent British: Colenso) missionary sources, the essay discusses this incident in 1859 from the perspective that the Bible is perceived by both missionaries and Zulus as a particular object of power, within the more general exchange of goods and services between the missionaries and the Zulu elite. A INTRODUCTION One hundred and fifty years ago, in September 1859, the Zulu Prince – and later King – Cetshwayo approached Norwegian missionaries operating at the border between Natal and Zululand, telling them that he would like to learn to read. The incident is reported by the missionary Ommund Oftebro, who was residing at a mission station in Empangeni, only one and a half hour’s walk from the residence of Prince Cetshwayo. -
To What Extent Is It True to Say That the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879 Achieved Very Little Apart from Humiliation for Britain? by BA Student Emma Still ______
To what extent is it true to say that the Anglo-Zulu war of 1879 achieved very little apart from humiliation for Britain? By BA student Emma Still ___________________________________________________________________________ Released one hundred years after the Anglo Zulu war in 1879, Douglas Hickox’s film Zulu Dawn (1979) portrays one of the greatest and most humiliating defeats suffered by the British Army during the Victorian era. Its predecessor Zulu (1964) tells of the battle of Rorke’s Drift: a seemingly impossible victory in the same war and through these films a surge of interest for the conquest was re-established. While the films are in many respects historically inaccurate, they encompass the British emotions towards both battles: the pride for Rorke’s Drift and utter humiliation over Isandlwana, as well as highlighting the changing attitudes towards colonialism. From the films alone, it would appear that the war achieved very little apart from humiliation for the British, whereas, in reality, its outcomes were far more diverse, devastating and durable. The legacy of humiliation left by the Anglo-Zulu war came almost entirely from the defeat at Isandlwana, which should have been ‘an unimportant battle in an unimportant war in an unimportant corner of the world.’(1) However, it turned into ‘arguably the most devastating humiliation in the British Imperial history’ (2) as a Zulu impi caught the British camp unaware and unprepared, resulting in the deaths of seventy-seven per cent of British soldiers. The defeat was caused almost entirely by General Chelmsford’s under-estimation of the Zulu and their successful tactics; the defeat plunged the army into a series of blame disputes, a deep cover-up and a promise for vengeance. -
Isandlwana, Rorke's Drift And
ISANDLWANA, RORKE’S DRIFT AND THE LIMITATIONS OF MEMORY By Ian Knight ___________________________________________________________________________ In his memoir of a long and active military career, General Sir Horace Smith-Dorrien recalled a famous incident from the battle of Isandlwana; I will mention a story which speaks for the coolness and discipline of the regiment. I, having no particular duty to perform in camp, when I saw the whole Zulu army advancing, had collected camp stragglers, such as artillerymen in charge of spare horses, officers’ servants, sick, etc, and had taken them to the ammunition-boxes, where we broke them open as fast as we could, and kept sending out the packets to the firing line. In those days the boxes were screwed down and it was a very difficult job to get them open, and it was owing to this battle that the construction of ammunition boxes was changed. When I had been at this for some time, and the 1/24th had fallen back to where we were, with the Zulus following closely, Bloomfield, the quartermaster of the 2/24th, said to me in regard to the boxes I was then breaking open, ‘For heaven’s sake, don’t do that, man, for it belongs to our battalion.’ And I replied, ‘Hang it all, you don’t want a requisition now, do you?’ It was about this time, too, that a Colonial named Du Bois, a wagon-conductor, said to me, ‘The game is up. If I had a good horse I would ride straight to Maritzburg.’(1). It’s a powerful image, that glimpse of the meticulous Quartermaster, sticking to his orders at the obvious expense of his duty, and it strikes deep cords with modern preconceptions regarding the apparent lack of flexibility and imagination which prevailed in the British Army of the high-Victorian era. -
FUGITIVE QUEENS: Amakhosikazi and the Continuous Evolution Of
FUGITIVE QUEENS: Amakhosikazi and the Continuous Evolution of Gender and Power in KwaZulu-Natal (1816-1889) by CAELLAGH D. MORRISSEY A THESIS Presented to the Department of History and International Studies and the Robert D. Clark Honors College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts or Science December 2015 An Abstract of the Thesis of Caellagh Morrissey for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in the Department of History and International Studies to be taken December 2015 Title: Fugitive Queens: Amakhosikazi and the Evolution of Gender and Power in KwaZulu-Natal (1816-1889) Professor Lindsay F. Braun Amakhosikazi (elite women) played a vital role within the social, economic, and political reality of the Zulu pre-colonial state. However, histories have largely categorized them as accessory to the lives of powerful men. Through close readings of oral traditions, travelogues, and government documentation, this paper discusses the spaces in which the amakhosikazi exhibited power, and tracks changes in the social position of queen mothers, as well as some members of related groups of elite women, from the early years of the Zulu chiefdom in the 1750s up until the 1887 annexation by Britain and their crucial intervention in royal matters in 1889. The amakhosika=i can be seen operating in a complex social space wherein individual women accessed power through association to political clans, biological and economic reproduction, manipulation, and spiritual influence. Women's access to male power sources changed through both internal political shifts and external pressures. but generally increased in the first half of the 1800s, and the declined over time and with the fracturing of Zulu hegemony. -
Bookreviews/ Boekbesprekings
Scientia Militaria, South African Journal of Military Studies, Vol 26, Nr 1, 1996. http://scientiamilitaria.journals.ac.za BOOKREVIEWS/ BOEKBESPREKINGS THE DESTRUCTION OF THE family, their homes and their property fell under two appointed chiefs namely Hamu and Zibhebhu. ZULU KINGDOM: THE CIVIL WAR IN ZULULAND 1879-1884 The two chiefs started to seize royal property and harass members of the royal house and its sup- JEFF GUY porters as their most obvious rivals and men whose power and pretensions had to be reduced. The 1994 (First published in 1979 by Longman Group Usuthu movement was revived. Before the war of Limited, London and Ravan Press 1982) 1856 the name Usuthu was given to Cetshwayo's University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg following within the nation. After his accession it Illustrated, 273 pages became a national cry and after the war it was used ISBN 0-86980 892 3 (hardback) to identify the faction which worked to revive the R59,99. influence of Cetshwayo's lineage in the Zulu clan. It rejected Hamu and Zibhebhu's authority and vis- The Destruction of the Zulu Kingdom: The civil war ited Bishopstowe, the residence of John William in Zululand 1879-1884, was originally submitted as Colenso, Bishop of Natal to seek advice. a Ph.D dissertation in History at the University of London in 1975. The Usuthu with the help of Bishop Colenso started to make representation to Natal Government which Professor Jeff Guy, a well known historian on Zulu culminated in the visit of the exiled king to London. history and the present head of the History Depart- Cetshwayo was informed (whilst in London) by the ment at the University of Natal, Durban branch has British Government that he could be restored to divided his work into three main parts. -
Layout 1 (Page 2)
ACTION THRILLER DRAMA KIDS COMEDY HORROR MARTIAL ARTS SPECIAL INTEREST DVD CATALOG TABLE OF CONTENTS FAMILY 3-4 ANIMATED 4-5 KID’S SOCCER 5 COMEDY 6 STAND-UP COMEDY 6 COMEDY TV DVD 7 DRAMA 8-11 TRUE STORIES COLLECTION 12-14 THRILLER 15-16 HORROR 16 ACTION 16 MARTIAL ARTS 17 EROTIC 17-18 DOCUMENTARY 18 MUSIC 18 NATURE 18-19 INFINITY ROYALS 20 INFINITY ARTHOUSE 20 INFINITY AUTHORS 21 DISPLAYS 22 TITLE INDEX 23-24 Josh Kirby: Trapped on Micro-Mini Kids Toyworld Now one inch tall, Josh Campbell has his Fairy Tale Police Department The lifelike toy creations of a fuddy-duddy work cut out, but being tiny has its perks. (FTPD) tinkerer rally to Josh's cause. Stars CORBIN Stars COLIN BAIN AND JOSH HAMMOND There’s trouble in Fairy Tale Land! For some reason, the ALLRED, JENNIFER BURNES AND DEREK 90 Minutes / Not Rated world’s best known fairy tales aren’t ending the way they WEBSTER Johnny Mysto Cat: DH9013 / UPC: 844628090131 should. So it’s up to the team at the Fairy Tale Police Department to put An enchanted ring transports a young 91 Minutes / Rated PG the Fairy Tales back on track, and assure they end they way they’re magician back to thrilling adventures in Cat: DH9081 / UPC: 844628090810 supposed to... Happily Ever After! Ancient Britain. Stars TORAN CAUDELL, FTPD: Case File 1 AMBER TAMBLYN AND PATRICK RENNA PINOCCHO, THE THREE LITTLE PIGS, 87 Minutes / Rated PG SNOW WHITE & THE SEVEN DWARFS, THE Cat: DH9008 / UPC: 844628090087 FROG PRINCE, SLEEPING BEAUTY 120 Minutes / Not Rated Cat: TE1069 / UPC: 844628010696 Josh Kirby: Human Pets Kids Of The Round Table Josh and his pals have timewarped to For Alex, Excalibur is just a legend, that is 70,379 and the Fatlings are holding them until he tumbles into a magic glade where hostage! Stars CORBIN ALLRED, JENNIFER the famed sword and Merlin the Magician BURNS AND DEREK WEBSTER appear. -
Determination on Amazulu Paramountcy
DETERMINATION ON AMAZULU PARAMOUNTCY I N D E X NO. DESCRIPTION PAGE NO. 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Constitutional Provisions 1 1.2 Establishment of the Commission 2 1.3 Functions of the Commission 2 - 5 2. FOCUS 5 - 6 3. METHODOLOGY 6 - 7 4. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 8 - 30 5. THE CUSTOMARY LAW OF SUCCESSION 5.1 Succession to the Kingship of amaZulu 31 - 32 6. IMPACT OF LEGISLATION 6.1 Colonial Era 32 - 35 6.2 Apartheid Era and Homeland Era 35 - 38 6.3 Post-Apartheid Era 38 - 40 7. CURRENT STATUS 41 8. DETERMINATION 8.1 Issues to be Determined 42 8.2 Analysis of Issues 42 - 43 8.3 Analysis of Evidence 43 - 46 9. CONCLUSION 46 - 47 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS (a) Chapter 12 (Sections 211 and 212) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act 106 of 1996 (“the Constitution”) provides for the recognition of the institution of traditional leadership, its status and role according to customary law, subject to democratic principles. It is common cause, however, that over the years the institution of traditional leadership has been undermined, distorted and eroded. (b) Some of the main causes of this distortion were imperialism and colonization; repressive laws, in particular, the Black Administration Act 38 of 1927 (“the Black Administration Act”) and Apartheid laws which provided for the creation of territorial authorities, self-governing states and pseudo- independent enclaves. 1.2 ESTABLISHMENT OF THE COMMISSION 2 (a) In order to restore the dignity of this institution, the State President of the Republic of South Africa appointed a Commission on Traditional Leadership Disputes and Claims. -
Original Paper Contextualising Participant Factions in the Second Zulu Civil War of 1856 and It's Consequences up to 1861
World Journal of Education and Humanities ISSN 2687-6760 (Print) ISSN 2687-6779 (Online) Vol. 3, No. 1, 2021 www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/wjeh Original Paper Contextualising Participant Factions in the Second Zulu Civil War of 1856 and It’s Consequences up to 1861 Hebert Sihle Ntuli1* & Fundeka Sikhosana1 1 Department of History, University of Zululand, South Africa * Hebert Sihle Ntuli, Department of History, University of Zululand, South Africa Received: December 2, 2020 Accepted: December 20, 2020 Online Published: December 28, 2020 doi:10.22158/wjeh.v3n1p63 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/wjeh.v3n1p63 Abstract The Second Zulu Civil War of 1856, commonly known as the Battle of Ndondakusuka, has been the subject of a number of historical interpretations. Different scholars give different accounts of the battle. Most historians differ on the root causes of the battle. Some attribute it to white imperialists who manipulated scenes and used the weakness of King Mpande to cause the war. According to this opinion, the Natal government entered the succession issue in an attempt to provide itself with a new “reserve” of land between the Thukela and Mhlathuze Rivers. Other sources point King Mpande as the one responsible for the clash between Princes Cetshwayo and Mbuyazi. The land issue and power also played a role in the outbreak of hostilities between princes. It is therefore apparent that different factions played a role in the outbreak of this war. So, this paper aims at contextualising various role-players towards that conflict and consequences thereafter. Keywords civilwar, Mpande, Cetshwayo, Mbuyazi, Ndondakusuka 1. -
The Strange Story and Remarkable Adventures of King Cetshwayo's
The Strange Story and Remarkable Adventures of King Cetshwayo’s Cup Ian Knight __________________________________________________________________________________________ On 5 October 1998, a ceremony was held on the site of King Dingane’s royal residence, emGungundhlovu, to inaugurate an interesting new Zulu heritage project. Amafa KwaZulu Natali, the KwaZulu/Natal heritage body, announced its intention to acquire the farmland that comprises the emaKhosini valley, south of the White Mfolozi River. This is the heartland of the old Zulu kingdom; emaKhosini means ‘the place of the kings’ and this is where the original Zulu chiefdom lived, and where the ancestors of the royal house are buried. King Shaka’s father, Senzangakhona, lived and is buried there, and Shaka spent part of his childhood there. Later, Dingane established eMgungundlovu there – surely the greatest and most magnificent of all the Zulu royal homesteads. The intention of the project is to buy up the farmland which comprises the valley, and turn it into a historical reserve – as has happened at Isandlwana, for example. The emaKhosini project is more ecologically challenging, however, in that the intention is to stock the reserve with both game, and traditional Zulu Nguni cattle. Local people will also be allowed to practise a limited amount of traditional agriculture within the reserve. The idea is that the emaKhosini will carry something of the traditions of Zulu land use forward into the twenty-first century, and therefore become something of a loving ecological museum. So far about 6,000 hectares of land have been acquired, and fund-raising is in progress to enable Amafa to purchase the rest. -
The British Invasion of Zululand
VOL. I! No. 1 ISSN 0034-0979 JANUARY 1979 in this issue EDITORIAL: 1879 and 1979 - Page 2 BEYOND THE WASHING OF THE SPEARS by John Wright- Page 3 A SERMON OF 1879 by J.W. Colenso, Bishop of Natal Page 5 THE BRITISH INVASION OF ZULULAND: SOME THOUGHTS FOR THE CENTENARY YEAR by Jeff Guy Page 8 AN IMPERIAL HIGH COMMISSIONER AND THE MAKING OF A WAR by Peter Colenbrander - - - - Page15 FROM WARRIORS TO WAGE-SLAVES: THE FATE OF THE ZULU PEOPLE SINCE 1879 by Dick Cloete Page 20 Cover Design, and Photographs Pages 22—4, by Joe Alfers Articles printed in Reality do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the Editorial Board. EDITORIAL 1879 AND 1979 This issue of Reality, appearing as it does a hundred years rulers these past thirty years, although it is only recently after the famous British defeat by the Zulu army at that some of them have admitted it in public. We suspect Isandlwana, is given over mainly to a series of articles on that it will fail them too. the origins, conduct and aftermath of the Anglo-Zulu One person who saw quite clearly a hundred years ago that war. The authors examine the history of the Zulu people the end would not justify the means was Bishop Colenso. during this period in the light of facts kept hidden or We include in this issue the text of the famous sermon he glossed over in the past. They place interpretations on the preached in Pietermaritzburg two months after Isandlwana. causes of that war and on what has been done to the Zulu That sermon is relevant to the rest of our subject matter; nation in the century since Isandlwana.