DOCSLIB.ORG

The Military Posture and Security Challenges in the Indo–Asia–Pacific Region Committee on Armed Services House of Representa

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Military Posture and Security Challenges in the Indo–Asia–Pacific Region Committee on Armed Services House of Representa i [H.A.S.C. No. 115–70] THE MILITARY POSTURE AND SECURITY CHALLENGES IN THE INDO–ASIA–PACIFIC REGION COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED FIFTEENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION HEARING HELD FEBRUARY 14, 2018 U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 28–993 WASHINGTON : 2018 COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES ONE HUNDRED FIFTEENTH CONGRESS WILLIAM M. ‘‘MAC’’ THORNBERRY, Texas, Chairman WALTER B. JONES, North Carolina ADAM SMITH, Washington JOE WILSON, South Carolina ROBERT A. BRADY, Pennsylvania FRANK A. LOBIONDO, New Jersey SUSAN A. DAVIS, California ROB BISHOP, Utah JAMES R. LANGEVIN, Rhode Island MICHAEL R. TURNER, Ohio RICK LARSEN, Washington MIKE ROGERS, Alabama JIM COOPER, Tennessee BILL SHUSTER, Pennsylvania MADELEINE Z. BORDALLO, Guam K. MICHAEL CONAWAY, Texas JOE COURTNEY, Connecticut DOUG LAMBORN, Colorado NIKI TSONGAS, Massachusetts ROBERT J. WITTMAN, Virginia JOHN GARAMENDI, California DUNCAN HUNTER, California JACKIE SPEIER, California MIKE COFFMAN, Colorado MARC A. VEASEY, Texas VICKY HARTZLER, Missouri TULSI GABBARD, Hawaii AUSTIN SCOTT, Georgia BETO O’ROURKE, Texas MO BROOKS, Alabama DONALD NORCROSS, New Jersey PAUL COOK, California RUBEN GALLEGO, Arizona JIM BRIDENSTINE, Oklahoma SETH MOULTON, Massachusetts BRAD R. WENSTRUP, Ohio COLLEEN HANABUSA, Hawaii BRADLEY BYRNE, Alabama CAROL SHEA–PORTER, New Hampshire SAM GRAVES, Missouri JACKY ROSEN, Nevada ELISE M. STEFANIK, New York A. DONALD MCEACHIN, Virginia MARTHA MCSALLY, Arizona SALUD O. CARBAJAL, California STEPHEN KNIGHT, California ANTHONY G. BROWN, Maryland STEVE RUSSELL, Oklahoma STEPHANIE N. MURPHY, Florida SCOTT DESJARLAIS, Tennessee RO KHANNA, California RALPH LEE ABRAHAM, Louisiana TOM O’HALLERAN, Arizona TRENT KELLY, Mississippi THOMAS R. SUOZZI, New York MIKE GALLAGHER, Wisconsin JIMMY PANETTA, California MATT GAETZ, Florida DON BACON, Nebraska JIM BANKS, Indiana LIZ CHENEY, Wyoming JODY B. HICE, Georgia JEN STEWART, Staff Director KIM LEHN, Professional Staff Member WILLIAM S. JOHNSON, Counsel BRITTON BURKETT, Clerk (II) C O N T E N T S Page STATEMENTS PRESENTED BY MEMBERS OF CONGRESS Smith, Hon. Adam, a Representative from Washington, Ranking Member, Committee on Armed Services ............................................................................ 2 Thornberry, Hon. William M. ‘‘Mac,’’ a Representative from Texas, Chairman, Committee on Armed Services ............................................................................ 1 WITNESSES Harris, ADM Harry B., Jr., USN, Commander, U.S. Pacific Command ............. 3 APPENDIX PREPARED STATEMENTS: Harris, ADM Harry B., Jr. .............................................................................. 53 Smith, Hon. Adam ............................................................................................ 51 Thornberry, Hon. William M. ‘‘Mac’’ ............................................................... 49 DOCUMENTS SUBMITTED FOR THE RECORD: Prepared statement of GEN Vincent K. Brooks, Commander, United Na- tions Comand; Republic of Korea and United States Combined Forces Command; and United States Forces Korea ............................................... 113 Letter requesting correction for the record to GEN Brooks’ prepared statement ....................................................................................................... 129 WITNESS RESPONSES TO QUESTIONS ASKED DURING THE HEARING: [There were no Questions submitted during the hearing.] QUESTIONS SUBMITTED BY MEMBERS POST HEARING: Mr. Coffman ...................................................................................................... 133 Mr. Thornberry ................................................................................................. 133 (III) THE MILITARY POSTURE AND SECURITY CHALLENGES IN THE INDO–ASIA–PACIFIC REGION HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES, Washington, DC, Wednesday, February 14, 2018. The committee met, pursuant to call, at 10:01 a.m., in room 2118, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. William M. ‘‘Mac’’ Thornberry (chairman of the committee) presiding. OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. WILLIAM M. ‘‘MAC’’ THORN- BERRY, A REPRESENTATIVE FROM TEXAS, CHAIRMAN, COM- MITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES The CHAIRMAN. The committee will come to order. With us today is Admiral Harry Harris, the commander of United States Pacific Command [PACOM]. As Admiral Harris nears the end of his military service, I want to first thank him for that service and for the insights and perspec- tive he has shared with us both here in Washington and as Mem- bers have traveled throughout the PACOM region. Remarkably, 40 years of service to our Nation is not enough for Admiral Harris. Last week, the President announced his intention to nominate him as our Ambassador to Australia. This hearing comes at an opportune time. Last week, we heard Secretary Mattis and General Selva testify on the new National Defense Strategy and on the Nuclear Posture Review. Also last week, Congress passed and the President signed into law legisla- tion that raised the spending caps so that repair of our readiness shortfalls can begin in earnest. Admiral Harris has had to grapple with that full range of issues. In the Indo-Asia-Pacific region, the United States faces a near-term belligerent threat armed with nuclear weapons and also a longer term strategic competitor. In fact, four of the five key security chal- lenges—China, Russia, North Korea, and terrorism—reside in the PACOM area of responsibility. Unfortunately, the region has also seen a tragic loss of life of American service members in naval and aircraft accidents and has felt some of the consequences of our in- adequate defense budgets. Despite North Korea’s recent charm offensive at the Olympic games, the threat posed to U.S. service members, our allies, and the American homeland has not diminished. We have an urgent need to ensure that we are ready for whatever course that situa- tion may take. The challenge posed by China has also not lessened. China is rapidly transforming its military, continuing to militarize artificial islands in the South China Sea, and expanding its presence (1) 2 through political influence campaigns and economic coercion. Ac- cording to the National Defense Strategy, quote, ‘‘China is leverag- ing military modernization, influence operations, and predatory ec- onomics to coerce neighboring countries to reorder the Indo-Pacific region to their advantage,’’ end quote. Critical to meeting all of the challenges to the region is our rela- tionship with our allies and also with countries with whom we share interests. The fiscal year 2018 National Defense Authoriza- tion Act includes more for training and exercises with partners, as well as establishing the Indo-Asia-Pacific Stability Initiative, which in part is designed to show our allies that we stand by them with more than just words. We all look forward to Admiral Harris’s candid assessment of these and other issues, but first let me yield to the ranking mem- ber. [The prepared statement of Mr. Thornberry can be found in the Appendix on page 49.] STATEMENT OF HON. ADAM SMITH, A REPRESENTATIVE FROM WASHINGTON, RANKING MEMBER, COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES Mr. SMITH. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I want to join you in thanking Admiral Harris for his service to our country in the military. He has served honorably and for a long time, is doing a great job in his current job. And, also, congratulations on your appointment as the Ambas- sador to Australia. At least as we discussed prior, you have experi- ence with the confirmation process—a different committee, I under- stand, but it is at least good to understand what you are getting into. And I wish you the best of luck in that. And thank you for your great work in the Pacific. Other than that, I think the chairman did a great summary of the challenges that we face out there. I would only emphasize one point, and that is the last one that he made, and that is the impor- tance of partnerships and our allies. There are a lot of countries in the Pacific region in play, a lot of countries that could be crucial allies to us as we try to stop China from being overly aggressive towards their neighbors and pushing other folks out. And building those alliances is critical. And I know one of the things that really helps that is the pres- ence of our military and, in particular, the presence of our Navy, the ability to do joint exercises, to do port calls, to build relation- ships with those countries. Obviously, it is about more than that, but the more friends we have in Asia, I think the better able we are going to be able to nudge China in a more positive direction. There is no question China is going to be a major player in Asia, but is it going to be for good or is it going to be for ill? And I think that has a lot to do with how strong their neighbors are in pushing back against some of the things that China is doing that are prob- lematic. So I appreciate your hard work in building those relationships and look forward to hearing more about them and more about our challenges in the Pacific. And, again, I thank you very much for your service. 3 I yield back, Mr. Chairman. [The prepared statement of Mr. Smith can be found in the Ap- pendix on page 51.] The CHAIRMAN. I thank the ranking member. Let me just remind members that immediately upon conclusion of this open hearing we will regroup in classified session upstairs with Admiral Harris. Admiral, thank you again for being here. Without objection, your full written statement will be made part
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Navy Columbia-Class Ballistic Missile Submarine Program
    Navy Columbia (SSBN-826) Class Ballistic Missile Submarine Program: Background and Issues for Congress Updated September 14, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R41129 Navy Columbia (SSBN-826) Class Ballistic Missile Submarine Program Summary The Navy’s Columbia (SSBN-826) class ballistic missile submarine (SSBN) program is a program to design and build a class of 12 new SSBNs to replace the Navy’s current force of 14 aging Ohio-class SSBNs. Since 2013, the Navy has consistently identified the Columbia-class program as the Navy’s top priority program. The Navy procured the first Columbia-class boat in FY2021 and wants to procure the second boat in the class in FY2024. The Navy’s proposed FY2022 budget requests $3,003.0 (i.e., $3.0 billion) in procurement funding for the first Columbia-class boat and $1,644.0 million (i.e., about $1.6 billion) in advance procurement (AP) funding for the second boat, for a combined FY2022 procurement and AP funding request of $4,647.0 million (i.e., about $4.6 billion). The Navy’s FY2022 budget submission estimates the procurement cost of the first Columbia- class boat at $15,030.5 million (i.e., about $15.0 billion) in then-year dollars, including $6,557.6 million (i.e., about $6.60 billion) in costs for plans, meaning (essentially) the detail design/nonrecurring engineering (DD/NRE) costs for the Columbia class. (It is a long-standing Navy budgetary practice to incorporate the DD/NRE costs for a new class of ship into the total procurement cost of the first ship in the class.) Excluding costs for plans, the estimated hands-on construction cost of the first ship is $8,473.0 million (i.e., about $8.5 billion).
    [Show full text]
  • Threat Vector (Thorndike Perss Large Print Basic) by Tom Clancy
    Threat Vector (Thorndike Perss Large Print Basic) by Tom Clancy Ebook Threat Vector (Thorndike Perss Large Print Basic) currently available for review only, if you need complete ebook Threat Vector (Thorndike Perss Large Print Basic) please fill out registration form to access in our databases Download here >> Series:::: Thorndike Perss Large Print Basic+++Paperback:::: 960 pages+++Publisher:::: Large Print Press; Large Print edition (December 3, 2013)+++Language:::: English+++ISBN-10:::: 1594136688+++ISBN-13:::: 978-1594136689+++Product Dimensions::::5.5 x 1 x 8.5 inches++++++ ISBN10 1594136688 ISBN13 978-1594136 Download here >> Description: As China plans to invade Taiwan, and launches a cyber attack on the U.S., President Jack Ryan, his son and the team at the Campus have to act fast if they are going to stop the increasingly rogue nation. (suspense). THREAT VECTOR is a Tom Clancy novel with Jack Ryan written by Mark Greaney. The fact that it’s a Jack Ryan novel makes the story appealing. The book’s relevance to today’s (2016) real world crises with China and Russia makes it even more enticing. As in most Clancy/Greaney novels the first 20 percent of the book is filled with superfluous and boring background narration. If you can wind your way through this early part you will be rewarded. Most of the action takes place in China and the South China Sea. The book is full of exciting, action- packed scenarios. There’s even a couple of good air-to-air battles thrown in to indulge the flyboys among us. President Ryan and Jack Junior play key roles in these scenarios.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effectiveness of Canada's Navy on Escort Duty
    Munich Personal RePEc Archive The Effectiveness of Canada’s Navy on Escort Duty Skogstad, Karl Lakehead University 16 January 2015 Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/61467/ MPRA Paper No. 61467, posted 20 Jan 2015 09:32 UTC The Effectiveness of Canada’s Navy on Escort Duty Karl Skogstad1 January 2015 Abstract This paper examines the potential costs a country faces when it fails to develop domestic arms manufacturing. I examine these costs using the historical example of Canada’s decision to not develop domestic naval shipbuilding capacity prior to World War II. Canada’s primary naval responsibility during the war was to escort convoys be- tween the United Kingdom and North America. However its lack of advanced domestic shipbuilding capacity and congestion at Allied shipyards, meant that Canada could not obtain the relatively advanced destroyer class vessels necessary for convoy duty. Instead it had to rely on less advanced corvette class vessels, which were simple enough to be manufactured domestically. Using a unique data set, created for this project, I match convoy movements to German U-boat locations in order to examine the escort compo- sition and the number of merchant ships lost when an engagement occurred. Using this data I find that destroyers were 2.14 more effective than corvettes at preventing the loss of a merchant ship. Then, by constructing a counterfactual scenario, I find that developing a domestic ship building industry in Canada would have netted the Allies a benefit of 28.7 million 1940 Canadian dollars. JEL classification: N42, F51, F52, H56, H57 Keywords: Canadian Navy, World War II, Convoys, Domestic Arms industries.
    [Show full text]
  • Naval Shipbuilding Expansion: the World War II Surface Combatant Experience
    Naval Shipbuilding Expansion: The World War II Surface Combatant Experience Dr. Norbert Doerry and Dr. Philip Koenig Naval Sea Systems Command David W. Taylor Lecture Series Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division June 13, 2019 From material originally presented at: SNAME Maritime Convention 2018, Providence, RI, Oct 24-26, 2018 and 16th Annual Acquisition Research Symposium, Monterey, CA, 8-9 May 2019 10/24/2018 Statement A: Approved for Release. Distribution is Unlimited. 1 Introduction • The post-Cold War “Peace Dividend” era is over • “Overt challenges to the free and open international order and the re-emergence of long- term, strategic competition between nations.” (DoD 2018) • Possibility of non-nuclear, industrial-scale war has re-emerged. What can we learn from the last time we engaged in industrial-scale war? 10/24/2018 Statement A: Approved for Release. Distribution is Unlimited. 2 U.S. Destroyer Acquisition Eras World War I Era (up to 1922) • 68 destroyers commissioned prior to U.S. entry into WW I — One would serve in WW II • 273 “Flush-Deckers” acquired in response to U.S. entry into WW I — 41 commissioned prior to end of hostilities — The rest were commissioned after WW I — 105 lost or scrapped prior to WW II, remainder served in WWII Treaty Period (1922-1936) USS Fletcher (DD 445) underway off New York, 18 July 1942 • Limitations placed on displacement, weapons, and number (www.history.navy.mil – 19-N-31245) • Torpedo tubes and 5 inch guns were the primary weapon systems • 61 destroyers in seven classes procured Pre-War (1936-1941) • Designs modified to reflect experiences of foreign navies in combat — Lend-Lease prepared industry for production ramp-up • 182 destroyers in four classes authorized • 39 in commission upon U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Read Book > Tom Clancy Locked on and Threat Vector
    AXIP4PC16STW ^ PDF ^ Tom Clancy Locked on and Threat Vector (2-In-1 Collection) Tom Clancy Locked on and Th reat V ector (2-In-1 Collection) Filesize: 3.31 MB Reviews Comprehensive guideline! Its such a good read through. It is actually writter in basic words and not confusing. I am just easily could possibly get a enjoyment of reading a composed book. (Lonzo Wilderman) DISCLAIMER | DMCA KQP66MYYB4CV Book < Tom Clancy Locked on and Threat Vector (2-In-1 Collection) TOM CLANCY LOCKED ON AND THREAT VECTOR (2-IN-1 COLLECTION) To save Tom Clancy Locked on and Threat Vector (2-In-1 Collection) PDF, you should click the web link beneath and download the file or have accessibility to other information which are have conjunction with TOM CLANCY LOCKED ON AND THREAT VECTOR (2-IN-1 COLLECTION) book. BRILLIANCE AUDIO, United States, 2015. CD-Audio. Book Condition: New. Unabridged. 170 x 135 mm. Language: English . Brand New. Two Tom Clancy novels in one collection. Locked On Although his father had been reluctant to become a field operative, Jack Ryan Jr. wants nothing more. Privately training with a seasoned Special Forces drill instructor, he s honing his skills to transition his work within The Campus from intelligence analysis to hunting down and eliminating terrorists wherever he can even as Jack Ryan Sr. campaigns for re-election as President of the United States. But what neither father nor son knows is that the political and the personal have just become equally dangerous. A devout enemy of Jack Sr. launches a privately funded vendetta to discredit him by connecting the presidential candidate to a mysterious killing in the past by John Clark, his longtime ally.
    [Show full text]
  • Post 9/11 Maritime Security Measures : Global Maritime Security Versus Facilitation of Global Maritime Trade Norhasliza Mat Salleh World Maritime University
    World Maritime University The Maritime Commons: Digital Repository of the World Maritime University World Maritime University Dissertations Dissertations 2006 Post 9/11 maritime security measures : global maritime security versus facilitation of global maritime trade Norhasliza Mat Salleh World Maritime University Follow this and additional works at: http://commons.wmu.se/all_dissertations Part of the Defense and Security Studies Commons Recommended Citation Mat Salleh, Norhasliza, "Post 9/11 maritime security measures : global maritime security versus facilitation of global maritime trade" (2006). World Maritime University Dissertations. 98. http://commons.wmu.se/all_dissertations/98 This Dissertation is brought to you courtesy of Maritime Commons. Open Access items may be downloaded for non-commercial, fair use academic purposes. No items may be hosted on another server or web site without express written permission from the World Maritime University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WORLD MARITIME UNIVERSITY Malmö, Sweden POST 9/11 MARITIME SECURITY MEASURES: Global Maritime Security versus the Facilitation of Global Maritime Trade By NORHASLIZA MAT SALLEH Malaysia A dissertation submitted to the World Maritime University in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of MASTERS OF SCIENCE in MARITIME AFFAIRS (MARITIME ADMINISTRATION) 2006 © Copyright Norhasliza MAT SALLEH, 2006 DECLARATION I certify that all material in this dissertation that is not my own work has been identified, and that no material is included for which a degree has previously been conferred on me. The content of this dissertation reflect my own personal views, and are not necessarily endorsed by the University. Signature : …………………………… Date : ……………………………. Supervised by: Cdr.
    [Show full text]
  • Cvf) Programme
    CHILD POLICY This PDF document was made available CIVIL JUSTICE from www.rand.org as a public service of EDUCATION the RAND Corporation. ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE Jump down to document6 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS NATIONAL SECURITY The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit POPULATION AND AGING research organization providing PUBLIC SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY objective analysis and effective SUBSTANCE ABUSE solutions that address the challenges TERRORISM AND facing the public and private sectors HOMELAND SECURITY TRANSPORTATION AND around the world. INFRASTRUCTURE Support RAND Purchase this document Browse Books & Publications Make a charitable contribution For More Information Visit RAND at www.rand.org Explore RAND Europe View document details Limited Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law as indicated in a notice appearing later in this work. This electronic representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for non- commercial use only. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of our research documents. This product is part of the RAND Corporation monograph series. RAND monographs present major research findings that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors. All RAND mono- graphs undergo rigorous peer review to ensure high standards for research quality and objectivity. Options for Reducing Costs in the United Kingdom’s Future Aircraft Carrier (cvf) Programme John F. Schank | Roland Yardley Jessie Riposo | Harry Thie | Edward Keating Mark V. Arena | Hans Pung John Birkler | James R. Chiesa Prepared for the UK Ministry of Defence Approved for public release; distribution unlimited The research described in this report was sponsored by the United King- dom’s Ministry of Defence.
    [Show full text]
  • China's Logistics Capabilities for Expeditionary Operations
    China’s Logistics Capabilities for Expeditionary Operations The modular transfer system between a Type 054A frigate and a COSCO container ship during China’s first military-civil UNREP. Source: “重大突破！民船为海军水面舰艇实施干货补给 [Breakthrough! Civil Ships Implement Dry Cargo Supply for Naval Surface Ships],” Guancha, November 15, 2019 Primary author: Chad Peltier Supporting analysts: Tate Nurkin and Sean O’Connor Disclaimer: This research report was prepared at the request of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission to support its deliberations. Posting of the report to the Commission's website is intended to promote greater public understanding of the issues addressed by the Commission in its ongoing assessment of U.S.-China economic relations and their implications for U.S. security, as mandated by Public Law 106-398 and Public Law 113-291. However, it does not necessarily imply an endorsement by the Commission or any individual Commissioner of the views or conclusions expressed in this commissioned research report. 1 Contents Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................................... 4 Methodology, Scope, and Study Limitations ........................................................................................................ 6 1. China’s Expeditionary Operations
    [Show full text]
  • Navy Force Structure and Shipbuilding Plans: Background and Issues for Congress
    Navy Force Structure and Shipbuilding Plans: Background and Issues for Congress September 16, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RL32665 Navy Force Structure and Shipbuilding Plans: Background and Issues for Congress Summary The current and planned size and composition of the Navy, the annual rate of Navy ship procurement, the prospective affordability of the Navy’s shipbuilding plans, and the capacity of the U.S. shipbuilding industry to execute the Navy’s shipbuilding plans have been oversight matters for the congressional defense committees for many years. In December 2016, the Navy released a force-structure goal that calls for achieving and maintaining a fleet of 355 ships of certain types and numbers. The 355-ship goal was made U.S. policy by Section 1025 of the FY2018 National Defense Authorization Act (H.R. 2810/P.L. 115- 91 of December 12, 2017). The Navy and the Department of Defense (DOD) have been working since 2019 to develop a successor for the 355-ship force-level goal. The new goal is expected to introduce a new, more distributed fleet architecture featuring a smaller proportion of larger ships, a larger proportion of smaller ships, and a new third tier of large unmanned vehicles (UVs). On June 17, 2021, the Navy released a long-range Navy shipbuilding document that presents the Biden Administration’s emerging successor to the 355-ship force-level goal. The document calls for a Navy with a more distributed fleet architecture, including 321 to 372 manned ships and 77 to 140 large UVs. A September 2021 Congressional Budget Office (CBO) report estimates that the fleet envisioned in the document would cost an average of between $25.3 billion and $32.7 billion per year in constant FY2021 dollars to procure.
    [Show full text]
  • Threats to the US Research Enterprise: China's Talent Recruitment
    United States Senate PERMANENT SUBCOMMITTEE ON INVESTIGATIONS Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Rob Portman, Chairman Tom Carper, Ranking Member Threats to the U.S. Research Enterprise: China’s Talent Recruitment Plans STAFF REPORT PERMANENT SUBCOMMITTEE ON INVESTIGATIONS UNITED STATES SENATE Threats to the U.S. Research Enterprise: China’s Talent Recruitment Plans TABLE OF CONTENTS I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................. 1 II. FINDINGS OF FACT AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................... 7 III. BACKGROUND ................................................................................................ 14 A. China’s Goal to be the Science and Technology Leader by 2050 .................. 14 1. From Brain Drain to Brain Gain .............................................................. 15 2. China’s Systematic Targeting of Critical Technologies ........................... 17 3. China’s Military-Civilian Fusion Strategy .............................................. 18 4. China’s Strategic Plan for Talent Recruitment ....................................... 20 B. Congressional Testimony on Chinese Talent Recruitment Plans ................ 30 C. China Deletes References to the Thousand Talents Plan ............................. 32 D. After Implementation of Talent Recruitment Plans, More Chinese Students, Researchers, and Scientists are Returning to China .................................... 35 IV. EFFORTS TO SECURE U.S. RESEARCH .................................................
    [Show full text]
  • World War II at Sea This Page Intentionally Left Blank World War II at Sea
    World War II at Sea This page intentionally left blank World War II at Sea AN ENCYCLOPEDIA Volume I: A–K Dr. Spencer C. Tucker Editor Dr. Paul G. Pierpaoli Jr. Associate Editor Dr. Eric W. Osborne Assistant Editor Vincent P. O’Hara Assistant Editor Copyright 2012 by ABC-CLIO, LLC All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data World War II at sea : an encyclopedia / Spencer C. Tucker. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-59884-457-3 (hardcopy : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-1-59884-458-0 (ebook) 1. World War, 1939–1945—Naval operations— Encyclopedias. I. Tucker, Spencer, 1937– II. Title: World War Two at sea. D770.W66 2011 940.54'503—dc23 2011042142 ISBN: 978-1-59884-457-3 EISBN: 978-1-59884-458-0 15 14 13 12 11 1 2 3 4 5 This book is also available on the World Wide Web as an eBook. Visit www.abc-clio.com for details. ABC-CLIO, LLC 130 Cremona Drive, P.O. Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116-1911 This book is printed on acid-free paper Manufactured in the United States of America To Malcolm “Kip” Muir Jr., scholar, gifted teacher, and friend. This page intentionally left blank Contents About the Editor ix Editorial Advisory Board xi List of Entries xiii Preface xxiii Overview xxv Entries A–Z 1 Chronology of Principal Events of World War II at Sea 823 Glossary of World War II Naval Terms 831 Bibliography 839 List of Editors and Contributors 865 Categorical Index 877 Index 889 vii This page intentionally left blank About the Editor Spencer C.
    [Show full text]
  • CONFLICTS to COME | 15 SCENARIOS for 2030 European Union Institute for Security Studies (EUISS)
    CHAILLOT PAPER / PAPER CHAILLOT 161 CONFLICTS TO COME 15 scenarios for 2030 CONFLICTS TO COME COME TO CONFLICTS Edited by Florence Gaub With contributions from Natasha E. Bajema, Lotje Boswinkel, Daniel Fiott, | Franz-Stefan Gady, Zoe Stanley-Lockman, Kathleen 15 SCENARIOS FOR 2030 J. McInnis, Nicolas Minvielle, Andrew Monaghan, Katariina Mustasilta, Ali Fathollah-Nejad, Patryk Pawlak, Tobias Pietz, Sinikukka Saari, Stanislav Secrieru, Simona R. Soare, Bruno Tertrais and Olivier Wathelet CHAILLOT PAPER / 161 December 2020 European Union Institute for Security Studies (EUISS) 100, avenue de Suffren 75015 Paris http://www.iss.europa.eu Director: Gustav Lindstrom © EU Institute for Security Studies, 2020. Reproduction is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged, save where otherwise stated. The views expressed in this publication are solely those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Union. print ISBN 978-92-9198-973-7 online ISBN 978-92-9198-972-0 CATALOGUE NUMBER QN-AA-20-005-EN-C CATALOGUE NUMBER QN-AA-20-005-EN-N ISSN 1017-7566 ISSN 1683-4917 DOI 10.2815/101723 DOI 10.2815/966219 Published by the EU Institute for Security Studies and printed in Belgium by Bietlot. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2020. Cover image credit: Daniel Cheung/unsplash CONFLICTS TO COME 15 scenarios for 2030 Edited by Florence Gaub With contributions from Natasha E. Bajema, Lotje Boswinkel, Daniel Fiott, Franz-Stefan Gady, Zoe Stanley-Lockman, Kathleen J. McInnis, Nicolas Minvielle, Andrew Monaghan, Katariina Mustasilta, Ali Fathollah-Nejad, Patryk Pawlak, Tobias Pietz, Sinikukka Saari, Stanislav Secrieru, Simona R. Soare, Bruno Tertrais and Olivier Wathelet CHAILLOT PAPER / 161 December 2020 The editor Florence Gaub is the Deputy Director of the EUISS.
    [Show full text]