DOCSLIB.ORG

PAKISTAN - RESERVOIRS & RIVERS FLOW MAP (As of October 10, 2014)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
PAKISTAN - RESERVOIRS & RIVERS FLOW MAP (As of October 10, 2014) PAKISTAN - RESERVOIRS & RIVERS FLOW MAP (as of October 10, 2014) RIVER KABUL (Reading 1020hrs) RESERVOIRS (Reading 1020hrs) Actual Observations Legend Design MAX Conservation Level Rivers/ Structure Capacity In Flow Out Flow Forecast for Forecasted (Thousand (Thousand Next 24hrs Flood Level Reservoir (Feet) Today (Feet) (Cusecs ! Dams Cusecs) Cusecs) (Inflow) (Inflow) Tarbela 1,550.00 1,538.90 n No Significant Below Low Mangla 1,242.00 1,237.05 Barrages Nowshera - 16 16 Change n! RIVER JHELUM (Reading 1020hrs) River Actual Observations Design Rivers/ Structure Capacity In Flow Out Flow Forecast for Forecasted Sea (Thousand (Thousand Next 24hrs Flood Level C h i n a (Cusecs Gilgit Cusecs) Cusecs) (Inflow) (Inflow) Provincial Boundary Baltistan Mangla 1,060,000 23 30.4 15 - 25 Below Low No Significant Sh Khyber ya International Boundary Rasul 850,000 33.7 11.9 Change -do- k Pakhtunkhwa Neelum River RIVER INDUS (Reading 1020hrs) K Actual Observations ab ul i W aRrsak an n! iv p Design er al Tarbela In Flow Out Flow Forecast for Forecasted K Qibla n! Rivers/ Structure Capacity Bandi AJK Indian Occupied K n! Khanpur (Thousand (Thousand Next 24hrs Flood Level u n! (Cusecs r Rawal Kashmir ra Ratti n! Simly m Shakar Dara n! n! Cusecs) Cusecs) (Inflow) (Inflow) R Tanda Kassin! iv n! Jalwal n! n!n! n! Misriot e n! r n! ! Jabbin! n! n!n Khasala n! Jawa n! n! Jamal Phalina n! n! Below Low n! Tarbela 1,500,000 55 96.6 50 - 55 Jabba Sawal Nirali n! n! n! Tain Pura I | Baran n! n! Minwal n! Ghna! zian!l Lehri No Significant Jinnah n! n! n! n! n! Garat n! n! Khai n! n! n! n! n! n! Change n! Kot Raja Kalabagh 950,000 110.8 102.5 -do- Dhurnal Nikka n! Jammargal ! Marala n Khokhar Rasul n! n! Chashma Namal zer Dhok SI A LK O T SA M B R I AL Chashma 950,000 98 92.1 -do- -do- FATA r n! Outab n! ve Qadirabad PA S RU R i Din n! DA S K A Tunsa 1,000,000 83.6 58.3 -do- -do- R Gomal m lu Creation Date: October 11, 2014 Guddu 1,200,000 77.7 69.1 -do- -do- e er h iv J R Projection/Datum: WGS 84 Geographic Sukkur 900,000 65.8 17.3 -do- -do- b na Page Size: A3 Kotri 850,000 15.1 0 -do- -do- he C Trimmu Barrage Balloki n! RIVER RAVI (Reading 1020hrs) ! r n ive Ferozepur Actual Observations SCALE 1:6,452,000 R n! avi Design Sidhnai R In Flow Out Flow Forecast for Forecasted Taunsa Rivers/ Structure Capacity 0 75 150 300 Barrage Barrage (Cusecs (Thousand (Thousand Next 24hrs Flood Level n! Cusecs) Cusecs) (Inflow) (Inflow) n! Sulemanki n! Kilometers r Punjab e No Significant Below Low A f g h a n i s t a n v i Jassar 275,000 2.5 2.5 Change Map data source(s): R Islam Alhassan Systems Private Limited: Dams, Barrages P a k i s t a n s n! r ive Shahdara 250,000 3.3 3.3 -do- -do- u j R National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA): Reservoirs d e Punjnad utl Balloki 225,000 29.5 0 -do- -do- n S I and Rivers flow. Barrage Sidhnai 150,000 14.8 0 -do- -do- ! PCO:Admin Boundaries n RIVER CHENAB (Reading 1020hrs) Disclaimers: Actual Observations The designations employed and the presentation of material Guddu Design on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion Barrage Rivers/ Structure Capacity In Flow Out Flow Forecast for Forecasted ! whatsoever on the part of the iMMAP, Alhasan Systems, or n (Cusecs (Thousand (Thousand Next 24hrs Flood Level Cusecs) Cusecs) (Inflow) (Inflow) USAID concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its Sukkur Barrage Marala 1,100,000 23 7 20 - 30 Below Low frontiers or boundaries. n! I n d i a No Significant Balochistan Khanki 800,000 14.9 6.9 Change -do- I r a n Uzbekistan Tajikistan Qadirabad 807,000 24.8 2.8 -do- -do- Turkmenistan China Trimmu 645,000 21.2 8.2 -do- -do- Gilgit Baltistan Khyber Panjnad 700,000 21.6 6.5 -do- -do- Pakhtunkhwa Afghanistan Indian Occupied ICT AJK Kashmir b u RIVER SUTLEJ (Reading 1020hrs) Kech Kaur H l FATA o Actual Observations r g au n t K i Kotri Design ash H D Barrage In Flow Out Flow Forecast for Forecasted Punjab n! Rivers/ Structure Capacity Hub (Thousand (Thousand Next 24hrs Flood Level Pakistan n! Sindh (Cusecs Cusecs) Cusecs) (Inflow) (Inflow) Kalri n! Balochistan No Significant Iran India Feet Only Below Low A r a b i a n S e a G. S. Wala - 7 Change Sindh Sulemanki 325,000 11.6 0 -do- -do- Islam 300,000 1.1 0 -do- -do- .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Rivers, Canals, and Distributaries in Punjab, Pakistan
    Socio#Hydrology of Channel Flows in Complex River Basins: Rivers, Canals, and Distributaries in Punjab, Pakistan The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Wescoat, James L., Jr. et al. "Socio-Hydrology of Channel Flows in Complex River Basins: Rivers, Canals, and Distributaries in Punjab, Pakistan." Water Resources Research 54, 1 (January 2018): 464-479 © 2018 The Authors As Published http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017wr021486 Publisher American Geophysical Union (AGU) Version Final published version Citable link https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122058 Terms of Use Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License Detailed Terms http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ PUBLICATIONS Water Resources Research RESEARCH ARTICLE Socio-Hydrology of Channel Flows in Complex River Basins: 10.1002/2017WR021486 Rivers, Canals, and Distributaries in Punjab, Pakistan Special Section: James L. Wescoat Jr.1 , Afreen Siddiqi2 , and Abubakr Muhammad3 Socio-hydrology: Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of 1School of Architecture and Planning, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA, 2Institute of Data, Coupled Human-Water Systems, and Society, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA, 3Lahore University of Management Systems Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan Key Points: This paper presents a socio-hydrologic analysis of channel flows in Punjab province of the Coupling historical geographic and Abstract statistical analysis makes an Indus River basin in Pakistan. The Indus has undergone profound transformations, from large-scale canal irri- important contribution to the theory gation in the mid-nineteenth century to partition and development of the international river basin in the and methods of socio-hydrology mid-twentieth century, systems modeling in the late-twentieth century, and new technologies for discharge Comparing channel flow entitlements with deliveries sheds measurement and data analytics in the early twenty-first century.
    [Show full text]
  • B.A. 6Th Semester Unit IV Geography of Jammu and Kashmir
    B.A. 6th Semester Unit IV Geography of Jammu and Kashmir Introduction The state of Jammu and Kashmir constitutes northern most extremity of India and is situated between 32o 17′ to 36o 58′ north latitude and 37o 26′ to 80o 30′ east longitude. It falls in the great northwestern complex of the Himalayan Ranges with marked relief variation, snow- capped summits, antecedent drainage, complex geological structure and rich temperate flora and fauna. The state is 640 km in length from north to south and 480 km from east to west. It consists of the territories of Jammu, Kashmir, Ladakh and Gilgit and is divided among three Asian sovereign states of India, Pakistan and China. The total area of the State is 222,236 km2 comprising 6.93 per cent of the total area of the Indian territory including 78,114 km2 under the occupation of Pakistan and 42,685 km2 under China. The cultural landscape of the state represents a zone of convergence and diffusion of mainly three religio-cultural realms namely Muslims, Hindus and Buddhists. The population of Hindus is predominant in Jammu division, Muslims are in majority in Kashmir division while Buddhists are in majority in Ladakh division. Jammu is the winter capital while Srinagar is the summer capital of the state for a period of six months each. The state constitutes 6.76 percent share of India's total geographical area and 41.83 per cent share of Indian Himalayan Region (Nandy, et al. 2001). It ranks 6th in area and 17th in population among states and union territories of India while it is the most populated state of Indian Himalayan Region constituting 25.33 per cent of its total population.
    [Show full text]
  • Water Conflict Management and Cooperation Between Afghanistan and Pakistan
    Journal of Hydrology 570 (2019) 875–892 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Hydrology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jhydrol Research papers Water conflict management and cooperation between Afghanistan and T Pakistan ⁎ Said Shakib Atefa, , Fahima Sadeqinazhadb, Faisal Farjaadc, Devendra M. Amatyad a Founder and Transboundary Water Expert in Green Social Research Organization (GSRO), Kabul, Afghanistan b AZMA the Vocational Institute, Afghanistan c GSRO, Afghanistan d USDA Forest Service, United States ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT This manuscript was handled by G. Syme, Managing water resource systems usually involves conflicts. Water recognizes no borders, defining the global Editor-in-Chief, with the assistance of Martina geopolitics of water conflicts, cooperation, negotiations, management, and resource development. Negotiations Aloisie Klimes, Associate Editor to develop mechanisms for two or more states to share an international watercourse involve complex networks of Keywords: natural, social and political system (Islam and Susskind, 2013). The Kabul River Basin presents unique cir- Water resources management cumstances for developing joint agreements for its utilization, rendering moot unproductive discussions of the Transboundary water management rights of upstream and downstream states based on principles of absolute territorial sovereignty or absolute Conflict resolution mechanism territorial integrity (McCaffrey, 2007). This paper analyses the different stages of water conflict transformation Afghanistan
    [Show full text]
  • Transboundary River Basin Overview – Indus
    0 [Type here] Irrigation in Africa in figures - AQUASTAT Survey - 2016 Transboundary River Basin Overview – Indus Version 2011 Recommended citation: FAO. 2011. AQUASTAT Transboundary River Basins – Indus River Basin. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Rome, Italy The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. FAO encourages the use, reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product. Except where otherwise indicated, material may be copied, downloaded and printed for private study, research and teaching purposes, or for use in non-commercial products or services, provided that appropriate acknowledgement of FAO as the source and copyright holder is given and that FAO’s endorsement of users’ views, products or services is not implied in any way. All requests for translation and adaptation rights, and for resale and other commercial use rights should be made via www.fao.org/contact-us/licencerequest or addressed to [email protected].
    [Show full text]
  • Making the Most of Afghanistan's River Basins
    Making the Most of Afghanistan’s River Basins Opportunities for Regional Cooperation By Matthew King and Benjamin Sturtewagen www.ewi.info About the Authors Matthew King is an Associate at the EastWest Institute, where he manages Preventive Diplomacy Initiatives. Matthew’s main interest is on motivating preventive action and strengthening the in- ternational conflict prevention architecture. His current work focuses on Central and South Asia, including Afghanistan and Iran, and on advancing regional solutions to prevent violent conflict. He is the head of the secretariat to the Parliamentarians Network for Conflict Prevention and Human Security. He served in the same position for the International Task Force on Preventive Diplomacy (2007–2008). King has worked for EWI since 2004. Before then he worked in the legal profession in Ireland and in the private sector with the Ford Motor Company in the field of change management. He is the author or coauthor of numerous policy briefs and papers, including “New Initiatives on Conflict Prevention and Human Security” (2008), and a contributor to publications, including a chapter on peace in Richard Cuto’s Civic and Political Leadership (Sage, forthcoming). He received his law degree from the University of Wales and holds a master’s in peace and conflict resolution from the Centre for Conflict Resolution at the University of Bradford, in England. Benjamin Sturtewagen is a Project Coordinator at the EastWest Institute’s Regional Security Program. His work focuses on South Asia, including Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Iran, and on ways to promote regional security. Benjamin has worked for EWI since April 2006, starting as a Project Assistant in its Conflict Prevention Program and later as Project Coordinator in EWI’s Preventive Diplomacy Initiative.
    [Show full text]
  • The Socioeconomics of State Formation in Medieval Afghanistan
    The Socioeconomics of State Formation in Medieval Afghanistan George Fiske Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2012 © 2012 George Fiske All rights reserved ABSTRACT The Socioeconomics of State Formation in Medieval Afghanistan George Fiske This study examines the socioeconomics of state formation in medieval Afghanistan in historical and historiographic terms. It outlines the thousand year history of Ghaznavid historiography by treating primary and secondary sources as a continuum of perspectives, demonstrating the persistent problems of dynastic and political thinking across periods and cultures. It conceptualizes the geography of Ghaznavid origins by framing their rise within specific landscapes and histories of state formation, favoring time over space as much as possible and reintegrating their experience with the general histories of Iran, Central Asia, and India. Once the grand narrative is illustrated, the scope narrows to the dual process of monetization and urbanization in Samanid territory in order to approach Ghaznavid obstacles to state formation. The socioeconomic narrative then shifts to political and military specifics to demythologize the rise of the Ghaznavids in terms of the framing contexts described in the previous chapters. Finally, the study specifies the exact combination of culture and history which the Ghaznavids exemplified to show their particular and universal character and suggest future paths for research. The Socioeconomics of State Formation in Medieval Afghanistan I. General Introduction II. Perspectives on the Ghaznavid Age History of the literature Entrance into western European discourse Reevaluations of the last century Historiographic rethinking Synopsis III.
    [Show full text]
  • Dams on Chenab River: How Many Are Too Many?
    South Asia Network on Dams, Rivers & People Dams on Chenab River: How many are too many? Chenab (Chand Aab), Chandrabhaga, or the Moon River flows for 130 kilometres in Himachal Pradesh, which holds a tiny proportion of the basins catchment area: 7500 sq kms of its total 61000 sq kms. In this tiny area, Himachal Pradesh is constructing, implementing and planning 49 hydroelectric projects on Chenab. While other rivers like Sutlej, Beas and Ravi as well as smaller streams and tributaries in Himachal are almost completely dammed or in the process of being finished off, Chenab was the last comparatively free flowing, healthy rivers of the State. Above: Tandi, where Rivers Chandra and Bhaga meet to form the Chandrabhaga, or Chenab. (Photo Courtesy: Kishore Thakural) As things stand now, if all these projects are implemented, less than 10% of the river can be seen flowing at all. Dams are being constructed bumper to bumper in a very tight sequence, where water from one hydro project meets not the river, but reservoir of the next hydro project in line. This conversion of a living river into a series of puddles, alternating with dry stretches, bypassed by the tunnels has a profound impact on ecology, biodiversity, hydrology, sociology and water availability of the region. Dec 2012 1 South Asia Network on Dams, Rivers & People Himachal is already facing all these impacts in the Sutlej basin where scores of projects are being implemented and where Luhri project, funded by the World Bank, will destroy the last remaining 50 kilometres free flowing stretch of the river.
    [Show full text]
  • Lucy Morgan Edwards to the University of Exeter As a Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Politics by Publication, in March 2015
    Western support to warlords in Afghanistan from 2001 - 2014 and its effect on Political Legitimacy Submitted by Lucy Morgan Edwards to the University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Politics by Publication, in March 2015 This thesis is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certifythat all the material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted or approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. !tu ?"\J�� Signature. ... .......................L�Uv) ......... ...!} (/......................., ................................................ 0 1 ABSTRACT This is an integrative paper aiming to encapsulate the themes of my previously published work upon which this PhD is being assessed. This work; encompassing several papers and various chapters of my book are attached behind this essay. The research question, examines the effect of Western support to warlords on political legitimacy in the post 9/11 Afghan war. I contextualise the research question in terms of my critical engagement with the literature of strategists in Afghanistan during this time. Subsequently, I draw out themes in relation to the available literature on warlords, politics and security in Afghanistan. I highlight the value of thinking about these questions conceptually in terms of legitimacy. I then introduce the published work, summarising the focus of each paper or book chapter. Later, a ‘findings’ section addresses how the policy of supporting warlords has affected legitimacy through its impact on security and stability, the political settlement and ultimately whether Afghans choose to accept the Western-backed project in Afghanistan, or not.
    [Show full text]
  • In the Surge of Healing?
    In the surge of healing? The case of Indus Basin Rabail Gul Urban Studies Master’s Thesis (Two-year master) 30 credits Spring 2017 Supervisor: Guy Baeten Site of River Ravi – Branching from Indus Basin (Malik, 2014) Acknowledgement The portrayal of water security-scarcity nexus could not be possible without the help of work from Mustafa. Weaving the real and ideal world this dissertation greatly benefited from the comments provided by Carina Listerborn and Maria Persdotter during the thought process. The critical analysis of case studies has been enriched with data and evidence provided by Muhammad Javed and Kashif Javed since the beginning. They also helped in organizing the interviews from professionals which proved an immense assistance. An insight of the official documents has also been provided by Ayesha Shoib which motivated the methods of analyzing the whole phenomenon. This paper would be hardly possible without the moral support of my parents Misbah Abid and Abid Ghafoor. List of Selected Abbreviations AK Azad Kashmir BBC British Broadcasting Corporation CM Cubic Meters CPEC China Pakistan Economic Corridor FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation GDP Gross Domestic Product HKH Hindu Kush Himalayan IBIS Indus Basin Irrigation System IRS Indus River System IRSA Indus River System Authority IWRM Integrated water resources management IWT Indus Waters Treaty J&K Jammu and Kashmir LoC Line of Cntrol LDA Lahore Development Authority MCM Million Cubic Meters MR Marala Ravi SCARPs Salinity Control and Reclamation Projects UIB Upper Indus Basin UNEP United Nations Environment Programme UNSC United Nations Security Council USSR Union of Soviet Socialist Republics WAPDA Water and Power Development Authority WB World Bank WWC World Water Council Table of Contents Summary ......................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • River Ravi Ecology and Fishery
    RIVER RAVI ECOLOGY AND FISHERY USHA MOZA Directorate of Knowledge Management in Agriculture Indian Council of Agricultural Research Krishi Anusandhan Bhavan, New Delhi 110 012 PRINTED :JANUARY 2014 Project Director : Dr Rameshwar Singh Incharge, EEU : Dr Aruna T. Kumar Editing : Dr Sudhir Pradhan Chief Production Officer : Dr V K Bharti ACTO : Ashok ShastriAshok Shastri All Rights Reserved © 2014, Indian Council of Agricultural Research ISO No. 9001:2008 Organization New Delhi Published by Dr Rameshwar Singh, Project Director, Directorate of Knowledge Management in Agriculture, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. M/s Chandu Press, D-97, Shakarpur, Delhi - 110 092 Preface iver Ravi one of the five rivers of Indus system Ris 720 km long, out of which 320 km is in India, of which 158 km lies within Himachal Pradesh and 162 km within Punjab, where it is exploited for fishery resources. Ravi known as Irawati to ancient Indians, originates from northern face of Rohtang pass in the Himachal Pradesh and flows through the junction formed by the BaraBang- Dhauladhar range of the Himalayas as two channels namely Budhil and Tantgari at an elevation of 4,423 msl and 4,418 msl. After joining, it flows through Himachal Pradesh mainly Chamba district, where it receives many tributaries. The river enters Punjab around Shahpur town of Pathankot, forms international boundary while passing through Gurdaspur and Amritsar districts of Punjab and finally leaves Indian Territory at Goina/ Kakarmani village some 80 km away from Lahore city. It
    [Show full text]
  • Inter-State Water Conflicts: an Indian Scenario
    Indian J. Soc.& Pol. 04(02):2017:101-108 ISSN 2348-0084(P) ISSN 2455-2127(O) INTER-STATE WATER CONFLICTS: AN INDIAN SCENARIO IMTIYAZ AHMAD MALIK1 1Research Scholar, Department of Geography, Centre of Central Asian Studies, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, INDIA ABSTRACT Although India occupies only 3.29 million km2 geographical area, which forms 2.4 percent of the world’s land area, it supports over 15 percent of the world’s population. With a population of more than 1.21 billion people, India supports about 1/6th of world population but has got only 1/25th of world’s water resources. Besides, India also caters a livestock population of more than 500 million, which is about 20 percent of world’s total. Provided this huge gap between supply and demand of water in India, its sustainable use and management becomes an inevitable task. India is gifted with a river system comprising more than 20 major rivers with several tributaries. Many of these rivers are rivers flowing through different states (Inter-state Rivers), and this geographical reality has become a bone of contention between different states of India. There are many inter-state rivers in India. The regulation and development of these river valleys continues to be a source of inter-state friction. India is a federal democracy, and most of its rivers cross state boundaries, as such constructing efficient and equitable mechanisms for allocating river flows has long been an important legal and constitutional issue. Since independence, numerous inter-state river water disputes have erupted in India. In this paper, I will try to highlight how regional politics and ineffective administration has led to the mismanagement of this precious natural resource.
    [Show full text]
  • CHENAB BRIDGE: CONNECTING the ARCH up in the CLOUDS at 359 Metres Above the Chenab River Bed, Here Comes the World’S Highest Railway Bridge
    CHENAB BRIDGE: CONNECTING THE ARCH UP IN THE CLOUDS At 359 metres above the Chenab River bed, here comes the world’s highest railway bridge Connecting the halves of the immense arch ⎯ Erection of the arch was done by represents a milestone in the construction of the suspension cable crane Chenab Bridge. The new bridge is part of the ⎯ The bridge has been designed for blast Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla rail link project in load the Jammu and Kashmir region in India, circa 600 kilometres north of New Delhi. The ⎯ Critical members are designed for project—which aims to enhance transportation adequate redundancy and operation at to and from the region and join the Kashmir the lower level of efficiency Valley to the Indian Railways network— continues toward completion, expected by the end of 2022. In March this year, the design and Client: Konkan Railway Corporation Limited construction teams closed the bridge’s arch over (KRCL) on behalf of Northern Railway the Chenab River between Bakkal and Kauri. Parties involved: Contractor— Afcons Design Director Pekka Pulkkinen and Infrastructure Ltd, India; Designer—WSP Technology Director Risto Kiviluoma, WSP in Finland Ltd with subconsultant Leonhardt & Finland, discuss how the design and Andrä und Partner, Germany construction teams achieved the “arch” Timeframe: Started in 2005; the arch was milestone. They also address wind engineering connected in March 2021; estimated as well as other design-engineering completion–in 2022 requirements. Facts ⎯ Highest steel arch bridge for railway traffic in
    [Show full text]