Chapter 6 should be worn with all safety measures. True Physical activity and Ans. leadership training 2. sports expose students to only indoor activities. P. 86–88 Ans. False A. objective Type/ Multiple-Choice Questions 3. is an activity in which a person (1 mark) climbs a natural or artificial rock surface. Ans. False I. give one word answers. 4. After an adventure activity, proper stretching 1. Name the quality that helps in leading a group and relaxation should be done. or an organisation in a very organised and systematic way. Ans. True Ans. Leadership 5. can be done with an inflatable raft. 2. In which adventure sports do people walk onto Ans. False a specific path for exploring and seeing natural 6. Adventure sports help a child to connect to beauty. nature. Ans. Trekking Ans. True 3. Name any one quality required for adventure 7. Trekking is done on hills and mountain ranges. sports. Ans. True Ans. Willpower/self motivation IV. Multiple-Choice Questions 4. In which adventure sports does the degree of challenge depend upon the movement of water 1. Which one of these qualities are not among in the ? those recommended for a good leader? Ans. River (a) A leader should enforce his authority over his juniors. 5. Name the adventure sports in which the person floats above the ground in the air and enjoys the (b) A leader should have a sense of integrity. beauty of nature. (c) A leader should be able to do things in a Ans. different way. (d) A leader should be able to communicate II. Fill in the blanks. effectively. Adventure sports are always and 1. Ans. (a) 2. Irfan is travelling to a hill station in the Himalayas Ans. Self competitive, self- challenging during his summer break. Which of these 2. People with a high level of and adventure sports is he least likely to get to enjoy participate in adventure sports. during his vacation in the hills? Ans. will-power, self-motivation (a) Trekking (b) Mountaineering Physical Education Companion – 11 Education Companion Physical 3. In surfing, a surfer rides a wave ona (c) Surfing (d) Paragliding Ans. (c) surfing board Ans. 3. Which of these is not an equipment required for 4. A acts as a bridge between the rock ? management and the work force. (a) Harness (b) Knee brace Ans. leader (c) (d) Rope In , people take up the challenge 5. Ans. (c) of climbing various mountains. 4. Which of these is not one of the leadership Ans. mountaineering qualities one learns through physical education III. State true or false. and sports? (a) 1. During an adventure activity, proper playing kit Learning to accept defeat 35 (b) Cooperating with others to achieve the goal Ans. Injury slows down the progress of a sportsperson by putting a break in the training (c) Using creativity to solve problems and performance session. (d) Putting one’s personal interest before others’ 9. Sports sessions can be divided into how many categories? Ans. (d) Ans. Sports sessions can be divided into three 5. According to the safety measures recommended categories – pre-activity, during activity and for preventing sports injuries, which of these post-activity. should not be done? (a) Keeping oneself hydrated through a game C. short Answer Type-I Questions 3 marks (b) Continuing to play in extreme pain 1. Explain the role of a leader. (c) Always honouring the decisions of the Ans. The role of a leader can be explained as under: officials • The role of a leader is to plan and execute (d) Performing stretching before the game for the plan smoothly. warm-up • The role of a leader is also to communicate Ans. (b) the effectiveness of the policies of the organisations to the workers at various B. Very Short Answer Type Questions levels. 1. Define leadership. • The role of a leader is also to integrate and motivate fellow workers towards the Ans. Leadership is a quality that helps in leading a group or an organization in a very organized and accomplishment of a task. systematic way. Leadership demands a clarity • A leader acts as a bridge between the of vision, ability to fulfil any task in a collective management and the workforce. way. Organize the potential of individuals in a • The role of a leader is to take everyone group towards a common goal and successfully together to the finishing point of a task and come up with creative ideas in a crisis situation. enjoy the success collectively. 2. Write any one quality of a leader. • The role of a leader is to support everyone Ans. A leader should have clarity of thought. during the execution of any work. 3. Write any one role of a leader. • A leader is a guide, philosopher and a friend for his fellow mates. Ans. The role of a leader is to plan and execute the plan smoothly. 2. Explain how physical education helps in creating leaders. 4. What do you understand by adventure sports? Ans. Physical education is a field which involves a lot Ans. Adventure sports are the sports which deliver extraordinary challenges at every execution, of physical activity and sports. It is a very active involve a high risk of injury and may even be life and dynamic field. It is evident that various challenging. professional domains use the component of physical education. Physical activity and sports 5. Explain . are to train their professionals to become Ans. Rock climbing is an activity in which a person leaders. climbs a natural or artificial rock surface. It is, therefore, true that involvement in physical 6. Write an objective of adventure sports. education activities itself is a process of creating a leader. It provides a platform to nurture their Ans. The objective of adventure sports is to expose the students to have a variety of indoor and innate potential. All the qualities needed for outdoor sports. becoming a leader are directly or indirectly inculcated during physical education. In short, 7. Write any one safety measure during pre- physical education prepares an individual activity. holistically. She/he learns to accept defeat, face Ans. Readiness and clarity of the activity should be challenge in life and become a leader. there. 3. Explain the objectives of adventure sports. Physical Education Companion – 11 8. What is the impact of sports injury on a Ans. The objectives of adventure sports are as 36 sportsperson’s life? follows: • It exposes the students to have a variety of Ans. Three safety measures to prevent sports injuries indoor and outdoor sports. during pre-activity are: • They also expose students to aquatics, • Readiness and clarity of the activity should aerial activities, activities related to height be there. and depth. • Proper warm-up kit to be worn. • They also develop qualities like courage, • Condition of playground, equipment and willpower, strength, confidence, environment should be adequate. determination, dedication, fighting spirit and self-motivation. 7. What safety measures do you suggest to your friend during an activity to prevent sports 4. Explain the meaning and benefits of trekking. injuries? Write any three. Ans. Trekking is an activity where people walk on to Ans. Three suggestions to prevent sports injuries a specific path for exploring and seeing natural during an activity are: beauty. It is an exhaustive self-exploring walking activity done on hills and mountain ranges. • Proper playing kit to be worn with all safety measures. The benefits of trekking are as under: • Proper technique of the skills to be followed. • Improves life skills • Standard playing equipment to be used. • Develops the love for nature • Creates self confidence D. short Answer Type-II Questions 5 marks • Develops the habit of working consistently 1. Briefly explain the role and qualities of a leader. • Prepares one for self exploration Ans. The role and the qualities of a leader can be discussed as under: • Develops the attitude of cooperation Qualities of a leader • Develops helping attitude • A leader should have clarity of thought. • One gets knowledge and understanding of the socio-economic culture of the trekking • A leader should have effective area. communication skills which helps her/him to reach out to every member of a group 5. Write a short note on paragliding and surfing. effectively and convincingly. Ans. Paragliding: It is a spectacular and challenging • A leader should have a sense of integrity. sport where just like a bird, a person floats above the ground in the air and enjoys the beauty • A leader should be a visionary. of nature. The sport is recreational as well as • A leader should be a motivator. competitive in nature. In this sport, the person • A leader should have the courage to take is termed as the pilot sits in a harness which correct decision at the appropriate time. is suspended below a fabric comprising a large number of launching the in air • A leader should be innovative and creative. where the paragliders wing or canopy is inflated • A leader should possess strong interpersonal by the air and it moves above the pilot who is skills.

suspended below with the help of a network of • A leader should repose faith and trust in her/ – 11 Education Companion Physical suspension lines. These suspension lines help his group members. the pilot to glide in air, and change direction and speed. • A leader should respect her/his fellow members. Surfing: Surfing is a sport where a surfer rides a wave on a surfing board. When a high • A leader should have a sense of humour. wave to the shore, the surfer moves on • Commitment is another quality of a good the wave surface by standing or lying on the leader. surfing board and gradually moves sideways • A leader should have a positive attitude. or diagonally with the wave to reach the top of the wave. As the wave moves to the shore the Role of a leader surfer too comes to the shore with the wave. • A leader plans and executes the plan 6. Write any three safety measures to prevent smoothly. sports injuries during pre-activity. • His role is to communicate the effectiveness 37 of the politics of the organization to the Ans. The types of adventure sports can be explained workers at various levels. as under: • He is to integrate and motivate fellow • Rock climbing: It is an activity in which workers towards the accomplishment at a person climbs a natural or artificial rock various levels. surface. Here the person climbs up or • A leader acts as a bridge between the sideways or sometimes slightly down. management and the work force. • Trekking: Trekking is an activity where • His role is to take everyone together to people walk on to a specific path for the finishing point of a task and enjoy the exploring and seeing natural beauty. It is success collectively. an exhaustive self-exploring walking activity done on hills and mountains. • The role of a leader is to support everyone during the executive of any work. • River rafting: It is considered as an . The degree of challenge of this activity 2. Elaborate the meaning and objectives of depends upon the movement of water in the adventure sports. river. It is done within inflatable raft on the Ans. Meaning of adventure sports water surface of a river. This is an outdoor Activities that deliver extraordinary challenges activity. at every step of execution, involve a high risk • Mountaineering: It is an activity or sport of injury and may even be life challenging in which people take up the challenge of can be termed as adventure sports. This climbing various mountains. type of sports can be competitive or non- • Surfing: It is a sport where a surfer rides competitive. a wave on a surfing board. When a high The objectives of adventure sports are as wave travels to the shore, the surfer moves under: on the wave surface by standing or lying • It exposes students to a variety of indoor on the surface board and gradually moves and outdoor activities. sideways or diagonally with the wave to reach the top of the wave. As the wave • They also expose the student community to moves to the shore, the surfer too comes to aquatics, aerial activities, activities related to the shore with the wave. height and depth. • Paragliding: It is another spectacular and • They develop qualities such as: challenging sport where just like a bird, a courage, willpower, strength, confidence, person floats above the ground in the air determination, dedication, fighting spirit and and enjoys the beauty of nature. The sport self motivation. is recreational and competitive in nature. • An important aspect is that a person taps 4. Differentiate between trekking and into her/his immense potential and starts mountaineering. understanding what she/he is capable of. Ans. We can differentiate between trekking and • Adventure activities help a child to be self mountaineering as under: reliant and independent. (a) Trekking is an activity where a person walks • These activities also help a child to connect onto a specific path for exploring and seeing to nature. natural beauty. While mountaineering is • They help to develop in human beings the an activity or sport in which people take up importance of conserving, nature and its challenge of climbing various mountains. importance for our survival. (b) Trekking is done to explore new areas, • Adventure sports develop a challenging to know the culture and tradition of the attitude which is a pre-requisite in our day- people living in those areas and adjust to to-day life. high attitude adversities and many more • These sports help in developing a better life threats. Mountaineering needs for command of body movements, thought and climbing rocks and glaciers, cross snow analytical skills. covered ranges and valleys and adjust to

Physical Education Companion – 11 high attitude adversities and many more life 3. Explain the types of adventure sports. threats. 38 (c) In trekking, the challenges are higher or Ans. The safety measures to be taken during even life threatening if trekking is done on adventure sports are: snow The same threats prevails while going • Mental clarity and preparation before and for mountaineering. during performing an activity. (d) Mountaineering is a long process where • Proper supervision. people need to adjust to many situations and gradually improve body conditions and • Performing surface and equipment should increase physical and mental capabilities. be examined before the activity. But trekkers gradually improve their life • Performing the task with the correct skills, love of nature, self exploration, technique. cooperation, helping attitude, knowledge and understanding. The mountaineering is • Following ethical practices during any sport. a fight between me and myself. • To avoid any kind of mishap environmental 5. Explain the benefits of adventure sports. conditions to be taken into consideration. Ans. The benefits of adventure sports are: 8. Write short notes on: • Develops in human beings the importance (a) paragliding (b) river rafting conserving nature and importance for (c) surfing (d) rock climbing survival, • Helps to be self-reliant, (e) trekking • To develop qualities like: courage, willpower, Ans. (a) Paragliding: It is a very spectacular and strength, confidence, determination, challenging spot where, just like a bird, a dedication, fighting spirit, self motivation, person floats above the ground in air and enjoys the beauty of nature. • Exposes to a number indoor and outdoor sports, (b) River rafting: River rafting is considered as an extreme sport. The degree of challenge • Exposes to aquatic, aerial activities related of this activity depends upon the movement to height and depth, of water in the river. Safety equipment are • Helps in developing a challenging attitude, very must along with a life jacket. The fun • Helps the development of better command and challenge of this activity is to manoeuvre of body movements, etc., through the water current and propel the raft with the help of paddle. • Develops qualities required for performing adventure activities. (c) Surfing: Indulging in surfing sports, a person develops a good sense of body 6. Explain the need of safety equipment for balance and increases flexibility, endurance adventure sports. and muscular strength. In this sport one Ans. The need of safety equipment in adventure needs understand the movement of the sea sports is must for the safety of a person either water or wave and act accordingly. she/he is trained person or not. For example, the need of safety equipment in river rafting is (d) Rock climbing: Rock climbing is an activity

very must along with a life jacket. It serves the in which a person climbs a natural or – 11 Education Companion Physical one who is a new comer to this sports and saves artificial rock surface. This activity is done one to be drowned. It also saves from drowning on a natural rock as an anchor point during of those who are trained swimmers also. the climbing. The rock climbing is a very Generally the equipment needed for river rafting challenging activity and in it there are very include a swim suit, tennis shoes and socks, high chances of injury. life jacket, helmet, waterproof bags, flash light, (e) Trekking: Trekking is done to explore new sunglasses, first aid box, additional clothes, areas, to know the culture and tradition personal medication, cap, equipment, of the people living in those areas and etc. Therefore, these equipment are very much enjoy the panoramic beauty of nature. It needed for adventure sports. improves their life skills, love for nature, self- 7. Mention any five safety measures to prevent confidence, self exploration, cooperation, sports injuries for post-activity sports sessions. etc. 39