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No. 52 JERSEY CITY» N. J., SATURDAY, DECEMBER 31, 1938 VOL. VI

ANNUAL MEETING OF NEW YOUTH BRANCH OF "OB\EDNANYEM U.N.A. DEARTH OF YOOTH LEADERS A new youth branch of the*jty#;' krainian National Association was The role to be played by Ukrain- : ian-Americans in the movement for organized recently in. Burneide, tho liberation of the 45,000,000 U- What greatly retards Ukrainian-American youth de­ Chicago, Illinois. It is the "Young - krainian nation,especially now when Ukraine," branch 416 of the U.NJL this movement has become greatly velopment at present, it was brought out last Saturday Its officers are: Russel Grod, Presi- accelerated by the rise of auto­ at the annual meeting of the "Obyednanye" executive dent; Lillian Grod, Secretary;-and nomous Carpatho-Ukraine, was the committee, is the scarcity of capable leaders among the Andrew Nisiewicz, Treasurer. dominant issue of the annual meet­ younger generation. UKRAINIANS DEFY VATICAN ing of «the* "Obyednanye" (United PLEA TO BOW-TO POLAND/ % Ukrainian Organizations of Amer­ Were it not for this scarcity, it was further brought' Efforts of the Vatican to1 me^ ica) executive committee, held last out, our young people would be further advanced in their diate the trouble between the Po­ Saturday, in Jersey City, and at­ lish government and the Ukrainian tended by a number of guests, organizational activities and strivings; their contribution minority have failed, reports a dis­ from both the o\dcr and younger towards the development of American life would be great­ patch from Riga, Latvia, which ap­ generation. er; their interest in the Ukrainian Cause expressed more peared in the Chicago Daily Tribune A resolution supporting the U-. concretely; and their knowledge of their Ukrainian cul­ last Monday under the above head- krainian ' national movement was tural heritage! greater and more productive. • *"*• ШШ-''' '- adopted by the meeting, and re­ Its sender, Donald Day, states' ported extensively by both the Why is there a dearth of young leaders among us? New York-Herald-Tribune and The that the Ukrainian deputies in the ' New York Times. The full text of Various reasons Were advanced at the*'meeting last Warsaw parliament have declared the resolutions appears on page 4 that Msgr. Filipo Cortesi, papal of this weekly. - week. There are, it was pointed out, many among our nuncio in Warsaw, has been uiv younger generation who have an inherent capacity for. able to reach an agreement with ___^The meeting was opened by Emil Count Andrew ShepUtsky, head of Revyuk, President of the "Obyed­ leadership, yet they never make the grade, never attain the Uniate branch of the Catholic nanye," who also acted as chair- - the posts within their reach, simply Because of their Churoh, which has -the largest man of the proceedings. la his re­ failure to prepare themselves thoroughly for the duties group of followers in the Polish port, Mr. Revyuk stressed the im­ Ukraine. portance of "the Ukrainian national that await them. Especially is this failure evident in their The Ukrainian deputies said the movement today, and. then dwelt ignorance on matters and problems pertaining to their • Vatican intervened in the Polish- upon Ukrainian-American accom­ status as native-born Americans of Ukrainian descent. Ukraine conflict as a result of the plishments in various fields, espe­ request of President Ignace M6s*^ cially in that of culture. Then there are others- who have made an auspicious cicki. Msgr. Cortesi, the. dispatch further discloses, was authorized Dr. Luke Myshuha, recording sec­ start as young leaders, who have prepared themselves for by Vatican to assure Metropolitan retary of the organization, pointed further advancement as such, yet because those above •- Sheptitskv that the Catholic Church < out in his report ways of combat- them in rank refuse to make way for them, they have be­ in Poland had no ambitions to as- • > ting hostile propaganda that the simflate the- Uriiate believers'as it Ukrainian movement is connected come discouraged and quit. ? had the Ukrainians professing the - with fascism or nazism; he likewise Orthodox faith. indicated the great need now for Such cases are quite, plentiful among us, especially in The Ukrainian deputies further publications in English about the sphere of local activities, where an .older leader often-'' said that-their metropolitan reject­ Ukraine, especially its history. times refuses to give the younger one "a break." If the ed -an offer from the Vatican to \ Dmytro Halychyn, financial' sec­ latter has the makings of a real leader, however, -this will make him a cardinal provided he- retary of the organization, revealed would use his influence-to combat in his report that $26,599.64 was not discourage Jiim in the least. He will realize that-lead­ the Ukrainian aspirations for home sent to the old country through ership is rarely handed down, especially in these days of rule, Ц&$ the "Obyednanye" during the past fierce competition. It has to be won, and-won only after Count- ShepUtsky was said tp fiscal year, and $110.15 for Ukran- have informed the Vatican envoys^ ian institutions in America. Julian a hard struggle and a great deal of self-sacrifice. that the Polish government's fail*.' Pawchak, treasurer, and Michael ure to keep its promise' to' grows! Piznak, head of the auditing' com­ The "ins"-always try\to keep out the "ojuts:" Once < the Ukrainians some measure of mittee, reported that their figures this fact is realized by the y^ung aspirant for leadership, cultural autonomy and the presence were in comformity with those of he has taken a big step forward. For then he will not of large military' detachments in the financial secretary. Galicia precluded any possibility of waste his time in complaining. A judicious amount of com­ a compromise between the Ukrain-" ' Upon motion by Dr./ Simon De- plaining, of course, if aired at the proper time and place, ians and the Warsaw dictatorship:*' mydchuk, the meeting gave a vote is sometimes of use; but any undue amount of it breeds of thanks to the Ukrainian Na­ Foreign Correspondents Warned||p tional Association. for .bearing the discouragement, which is quickly followed by defeat. So The same dispatch further re­ costs of Dr. Myshuha's trip to Eu­ instead of feeling hurt and sorry for himself, and allowing ports that the Polish government rope, as delegate to take part in gloomy and bitter reflections to occupy his mind, the warned foreign correspondents sta- ••. negotiations leading towards crea­ tioned -in Warsaw that their per­ tion .of Carpatho-Ukraine; * also a would-be young leader should get down to: hard work and mits would be revoked if -their re vote of appreciation to him for his proceed to prove, by actual deeds, that he is a better man ports of events in Galicia reflect work in the negotiations. discredit upon the- government. than the one whom he desires to displace. Ami when and Polish citizens representing for» Miss Olympia Hamkalo, head of if he чіоев prove it, he should not be nonplussed a whit if eign newspapers face severe punish­ the "Obyednanye" youth commit- • the latter stul refuses to make way for him. That too the ment, including imprisonment in a tee, gave in her report an outline young hopeful should expect—except in some rare cases— concentration camp, if their die* of the action the committee.pro­ patches violate the new press gag poses to take to raise funds for and take the necessary measures to remove this last ob­ law.- РШіІЩ Ukrainian - American youth pur­ stacle, separating him from his goal. ^^Pacification" bine 'Bated poses, including the creation-of a • - ' in Parliament Ukrainian music library, publica­ The rdad to leadership, he should bear in mind, is no It is farther reported that Dr. tion of booklets'on Ukraine, and broad highway. Neither is there any short-cut to it. If Stefan Witwickij sought to Intro* creation of a bureau of statistics duce a motion in the Warsaw par­ on our youth sport activities. he thinks either way, he will soon discover his mistake. liament to permit debate "about For the most part, it is a long, torturous and slippery Ш On motion -made by Mrs. Maria the present pacification campaign Malevich, it was decided to set trailj upon which it is difficult to maintain one's footing. and massacre of peaceful Ukrain­ aside a month during the coming, He who essays to travel over it, must have plenty of de­ ian inhabitants in Galicia by the year when a drive for funds for termination, hardihood, and patience. Yet even these qua­ Polish army and. police." The mo­ youth purposes would be made. tion was rejected amid'disorderly lities will be of little avail, if he lacks integrity of char­ scenes when- the Polish • deputies Then followed several key ad­ acter and steadfastness of purpose, without which he shouted down the Ukrainian apeak-' dresses. Dr. . Myshuha spoke- on ers. How We Can Aid in the Rebirth cannot command for long, the confidence of those whom of Ukraine. Stephen Shumeyko he would have-follow him. Most important of all, however, UKRAINIAN SYMPHONY CONCERT. A program of Ukrainian music by spoke on the Scarcity of Leaders he must at all times be guided by some high ideal, in Paul Pechenlha Ougiltzky ?wlll be Among Our Youth. A talk by Jo­ which he sincerely believes. Otherwise, even if he does heard Joter W.J.Z. Tuesday, January seph Stetkewicz on .the'course in 3, 1939,' at 7:30 P. ilufln January Ukrainian at Columbia University succeed, his victory will be a very hollow one, not worth 8th, 8:30 P. M., a Ukrainian Syitt* was then read, followed by a talk the effort he put into it. phony Concert under direction of by Nestor Novovirsky concerning Mr. Ouglltzky will take place at the Ukrainian course held in New Carnegie Hall, New York, featuring Rosemarie Brancato, Lucien Schmltt,. York City under WPA auspices. HAVE YOU MADE YOUR (CONTRIBUTION TO FUND FOB Each of these addresses was,fol­ з mixed, chorus- and ft full symphony • UKRAINIAN PARTICD7ATION Ш NEW- YORK WORLD'S orchestra. TicketiMtftftO to $330) lowed by discussion, in which both .-can bfc obtained at "Svobodsf* Book­ old and young participated. ШШ I FAIR IS 1989? store.-4* *. „ .;"•"•-;. UKRAINIAN WEEKLY, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 31, 1938 No. 52

UKRAINIANS UNDER RUMANIA viets divided up between them­ selves the other parts of Western ШШ TODAY Ukraine. This decision was based And so—on December 9, 1919, upon two provisions, whereby Po­ by virtue of the Minorities Treaty land recognized that "the ethno­ signed at Paris, the Allies handed (Concluded) (3) graphical conditions necessitate an over the Ukrainian provinces of autonomous . regime," and guar­ INDEPENDENCE OF WESTERN tack. And although the Ukrain­ Bukovina and Bessarabia over to ЩШ 'UKRAINE anteed to respect the pledges/she ians, united under Petlura, fought Rumania, a territory, of 22,000 had made at the signing of the In the meanwhile, great event* valiantly, and were at times vic­ square kilometers, containing a torious, yet. it was humanly im­ Treaty of Versailles on June 28, were taking place in Western U- compact mass of close to 1,250,000 1919, of preserving the national possible to stave off final defeat Ukrainians. Despite her promises-to kraine. For, when the military and for them and their cause, especial­ rights -of the Ukrainian people political might of Austria-Hun­ safeguard the racial, religious and within her borders. - This meant ly when more than one-third of linguistic rights of tiie Ukrainians, gary began to totter and disinte­ their armed forces fell before the that Poland, received not only grate, when the various subject Rumania has been guilty of the Eastern Galicia but Northwestern nationalities of it began to cast off spread of the typhus disease,* notorious "Balkan methods" of gov­ which raged unchecked mainly be­ erning them, which consists . of Ukraine as well, including Kholm, the shackles of oppression—the cause of the lack of medical sup­ Pidlisya, Polisya, and Volhynia, an Western Ukrainians realized that cruel persecutions and abuses, plies which the Allied blockade, directed towards the destruction of area of 137,000 square kilometers their long-awaited moment had at ostensibly aimed at the Bolsheviki, (35% of her entire area),.inhabited last arrived, that they must strike the Ukrainians within her borders refused to permit to enter into as a separate nationality. One of by a Ukrainian population upwards .for their liberties. 1 Ukraine. the results of this policy- —in the of 7,000,000. ІІ1ШІ On October 18, 1918 delegates From the very outset, of. her oc­ from all Ukrainian territories un­ words of "Dilo," leading Ukrainian Reason For Hostile AWtudajlp daily, published in Lviw—is that cupation of Western Ukraine, Po­ der Austria-Hungary elected a U- "the Ukrainians under Rumania land has been guilty of not only krainian National Rada, which was of Allies breaking all these pledges She to act as- the constituent assembly have not a single elementary, sec­ It may be peculiar to some that ondary, or technical school, and made guaranteeing Ukrainian rights of Western Ukraine. This, assem- private'schools are not allowed. but also "of the grossest.abuses of ' bly established an independent the Allies which had pledged thera- . selves to the highly-touted Wilson-" The same applies to reading-halls, their elementary human rights, all Western Ukrainian Republic and cooperative societies. No. U- in an effort to Polonize the Ukrain­ ||pl!j£the early morning hours of ian. principle of "self-determina­ tion" should have taken such a krainians are allowed in the Civil ians. Many of these abuses have November 1st, 1918, young volun­ Service, and Rumanian enterprises reached incredible lengths. Ukrain­ teers and Ukrainian soldiers from hostile attitude towards the Ukra­ inian struggle for freedom and import Rumanian labor rather ian national, cultural, and economic the Austrian army seized Lviw in than employ local Ukrainians." progress is retarded at every step.* the name of the new republic. This thereby helped to defeat it In this connection, it must be understood And several times Poland's mis­ was followed by seizure of city. treatment of the Ukrainians be­ • after cityj^pd in a few days the that from the very start the French CARPATHO-UKRAINE 4 policy was pro-Polish. France was IN CZECHOSLOVAKIA came so harsh as to become the Ukrainian blue and yellow banner •object of complaints before inter­ waved throughout most of Galicia p^^oland "grande et forte, tree I forte," for such a Poland might On September 10, 1919, by the national tribunals, especially when and other provinces of Western she resorted to a reign of .terror.' ЩЙиаіПеЩш become Va new France to the east Treaty of St. Germain, the newly- of Germany," doubling the power created Republic of Czechoslovakia . It is no wonder, therefore, that the 1 The young republic was immedi­ of France in Che west. For that absorbed 15,000 square kilometers ' London "New Statesman and -Na­ ately attacked by Jhe newly-resur- reason, France strongly supported of Ukrainian territory then known tion" ^Aug. 29, 1Щ) stressed jtected Poland. Under the^guise of Poland in* her invasion of Ukrain­ as Podkarpatska Rue and today that:-—"Among the abuses in post­ using them against the Bolsheviki, ian territories. In this she was as Carpatho • Ukraine, containing war Europe the worst are the the- Poles received supplies and . backed by America and Italy. The about 655,000 Ukrainians, as "an cumulative violations of the 'Minor­ military equipment from the Allies, British alone reacted- unfavorably autonomous unit within the Cze­ ities Treaty' by the Polish State... . - who at that- time were well-nigh to this policy, predicting that the choslovak Republic." Despite this . In Poland they have acquired a panic-stricken at the thought that extension of Poland's boundaries guarantee, Czechoslovakia under primary international • importance the Bolsheviki might •overrun all-of at the expense ©f^another national­ Masaryk and Benes failed to grant g ... by reason - of their barbarism Europe. The Ukrainian forces, on ity would prove in the future to the region any autonomy, but was ~ and abundance." This was written the other hand, although of suffi­ be a continual source of trouble guilty of trying to denationalize at the time when the civilized world cient manpower, were underfed, its inhabitants. recoiled in horror at the "pacifica­ badly clothed, poorly equipped and -for Poland and the countries sup­ tion" by Polish constabulary and ffl-trained. That they- fought un­ porting her. How true was this- With the rise of the new Czecho­ troops of the Ukrainians, concern­ ceasingly against terrible odds, is prediction! Herbert Adams Gib­ slovakia in October, 1938, however, ing which the "Manchester Guar­ a tribute to them and their cause. bons, American journalist and and the retirement of most of dian" (England) wrote then that: writer, explained this hostility of those who had guided its destinies —"This so-called pacification has *HE UNION OF TWO REPUBLICS the Allies towards Ukraine and up to that time, the status of Car­ their support of Polish and royal­ patho-Ukraine changed consider­ been carried out with ferocity ІЩрв January 22, 1919, amidst ist Russian armies in the following ably. On October 11, it received . which can only be compared to great rejoicing, representatives, of manner: "An independent Ukraine Home Rule. On October 26, a" the previous atrocities carried out the Ukrainian republics met inc^the however,-does not seem to fit in Cabinet composed entirely of U- in the early nineteenth century by historic St. Sophia «Square in Kiev, with? the interests of the victors krainians was appointed by Prague the Bashi-Bazouks in the old Turk­ and there proclaimed the" federa­ 4 ish territories." Thus, then, has innthe World War, as these in- to' govern it, headed by Monsignor Poland carried *out her pledges to tion of the two Sundered parts of 'terests are conceived by states­ Augustin Voloshyn, the new pre­ Ukraine into.' one Ukrainian Na­ mier. On November 2, however, respect Ukrainian rights. And to tional Republic, with the supreme men.. .The misfortunes of the add an ironic touch to it all, on Ukrainians have come from the by the so-called Vienna arbitration on September 13, 1934, Premier poVer vested in the Directory head- - fact that the independent existence verdict of Germany and Italy, the ed by Petlura. It was indeed an most fertile portion of Carpatho- Beck solemnly notified the League Inspiring moment. For what could of their nation was an obstacle to of Nations that Poland would no the political aims of all the rival Ukraine (with its capital Uzhorod longer be bound by the Minorities be more striking and characteristic forces contending for supremacy, and cities - of Mukachiw and Ko- • of this courageous people, than this shytsi) was allocated to Hungary. Treaty. As if she ever had I Sir act;., when—surrounded on all sides and at the same time proved- to John Simon, the British delegate, be an irresistible magnet to the The allocation was a result of sternly rebuked Beck for this re­ Igr the Bolsheviki, the Poles, and ' occult powers behind armies, which Hungary's ambition to absorb- all the royalist Russian forces, all of Carpatho-Ukraine. In this am­ pudiation by his country of her 'intent upon destroying the ,newly lust for oil and coal and mono­ solemn pledges. "Rarely if ever," polies of food stuffs and raw mat­ bition she was supported by Po­ wrote the "Manchester Guardian" arisen Ukrainian state—they-made erials."** land, not so much 'because such the supreme gesture of- their con­ an annexation would have given then, ^has-the-representative—of_ viction in the sanctity of their the two countries a common fron­ -tsause by uniting Eastern Ukraine tier, mutually beneficially to both, with Western Ukraine. * Concerning this, Henry Alsberg of ' • "From 1920 to 1934 the number the "Nation" (Nov. i, 1919) had but because it would have removed of Ukrainian schols has been reduced The year 1919 was one of the this to say in his article on the "Situ­ from existence the autonomous from 3,600 to- 120; 2,974 schools darkest in Ukrainian history, re­ ation in Ukraine":. "But forse of, ? Carpatho-Ukraine, which Poland have been made bi-lingual but only lieved only by the shining courage all is that every third person in the fears will become the base of opera­ a few unimportant subjects are taught - of the Ukrainian soldiery in their Kamenietz has had typhus. In the tions for the -national unification in Ukrainian. Not a single Ukrainian terrific struggle to preserve their other cities the situation is the same, and independence of the 45,000,- technical school exists; and out of newly-won national freedom. En> in the. army it is worse. .At Vapniak 000 Ukrainian nation, including the the '28,855,420 zlotys allocated in 1 was with Petlura at a review of a the 1934—35 budget for universities tire Ukraine was the center of frontier garrison where out of a portion under- her own misrule. and colleges, only 63,490 zlotys were events which defied precedent and thousand troops at' least two hundred On November 19th, Carpatho- assigned for two Ukrainian, chairs in beggared description,.a.battle­ had had typhus. Against the epi­ Ukraine formally received its new Warsaw University. Rigorous restric­ ground >of a merciless war, a war' demic Petlura's government is quite- Constitution, providing for its au­ tions are placed upon the entry, of characterized by bloody raids, af­ powerless to make headway. The Ukrainian students to the higher Ukrainians are condemned to death tonomy. frays and . massacres, involving Today, Carpatho-Ukraine is in schools and universities. In 1931—32, tens of thousands of men, a war by the fact that the Entente is back­ out of 49,770 university students, ing Denikin. In an interview 1 had the process of rapid development. there were only 2,192 Ukrainians. of horrible persecutions wreaked with Petlura, he begged that if only Its. population is animated by the The students in Warsaw Engineering upon the Ukrainian people by one for humanity's sake the Red Cross belief —as Robert Best, United College then were divided as follows: enemy or.the other. would send over a mission to fight Press Staff Correspondent wrote on —Poles, 3,692; Jews, 468; Ukraln-* IP typWus. • Let me add here that right December 17 from Chust, new lans 6."—Lancelot Lawfon, London's 'The Attacks from All Sides across the- river in Rumania are ail "Fortnightly Review," April, .1934. the medical supplies necessary, as capital of the region—"that the From all sides a ring of pre­ well as plenty of food with which hour for birth of greater Ukrainia Furthermore, those Ukrainians who datory enemies converged upon the to feed the dying Ukrainian children. is rapidly approaching. Two de­ do manage to graduate from the republic. In the southwest Ru­ The head of the.American Red Cross velopments today in Ruthenia (or* higher schools, find all sorts of ob­ mania was attacking the province in Czernowitz, and also the head in Carpatho-Ukraine) tended to en­ stacles and discriminations placed in of Bukovina, which had previous­ Bucharest, had a first impulse to courage their attitude. They were their way of entering professions, ly declared its union with the West­ 'send supplies here. But two American a decision at Prague that Ukrain­ and "find no outlet for their abilities ern Ukrainian Republic. In the Red Cross delegates have since come ian instead of Russian will hence­ in the state administration of Poland from Paris, who say that they will as long as they do not renounce west, Poland was steadily advanc­ have to go first to the Ukraine to forth be the official language in their Ukrainian ideals."—"Politic»! ing deeper into Ukrainian territory, Investigate conditions. One of them Ruthenia and' that a new legisla­ Quarterly." England, Oct.-Dec, 1932. thanks to Allied -aid. From the told me that the Entente had decid­ ture of 30 members, selected solely Then too, to drive hostile FollSh east and south came the .royalist ed to back Denikin, and would do from the government party, will be wedges into the compact Ukrainian Russian forces^ under Denikin and nothing for the Ukrainians in Petlu­ elected early next spring." . settlements, the Polish government later Wrangel, also aided by. the ra's territory. In short, far from resorts to artificial settlements of Allies. And from the. north de­ having any mission to relieve the ter­ UNDER POLAND Ukrainian territories with Polish col­ rible suffering, they had been sent scended the Bolsheviki with-their On March 15, 1923 the Confer­ onists, selling them their plots at reign of terror. merely to report on how near Petlu­ greatly preferential rates. Various ra. was to breaking down." ence of Ambassadors at Paris re­ manifestations held by the Ukrainians, . No nation in modern history was ** "Ukraine and the Balance of cognized the occupation of Galicia including memorial exercises for the ever made the object of such о Power"'—"Century" magazine, July, by Poland and approved the Riga Ukrainian war dead, are often banned many-sided and overwhelming at- 1921. treaty whereby Poland and the So­ or dispersed by Polish police. No. 52 UKRAINIAN WEEKLY, SATURDAY, ОЕСЕМВЩЗІ, івЦ

any country at Geneva received so to swell#that band of hot-blooded forced to proceed only along chan­ THE SUN IS SETTING j stern a rebuke." /young men, members of a secret nels of Communistic ideology. The Since ' that repudiation Poland miltary organization [UWO—pre­ same is true of Ukrainian writers (Sontee Nlzenko) \Ш. has pursued her policy of oppres­ decessor of present-day OUN—•Or­ in the Soviet Union. Those who sion with, even greater force. Ear­ ganization of Ukrainian National­ rebelled against this policy or By IVAN KQTLIAREVSKY 1 ly in 1938, she dissolved the So­ ists] who are impatient of con­ showed, even the slightest trace of The sun is setting, Щ& ciety of Ukrainian Women, includ­ stitutional redress. .J§p| / . nationalist sentiment, were brand­ Eventide's j nearing — ШН ing its 72 branches and a member­ The futility of constitutional ed as traitors to the Russian Re­ To thee I hasten, ship well over 50;000, and sup­ means for obtaining any rights from volution, summarily tried and exe­ On wings swift soaring, j pressed its two periodicals, "Zhin- Poland, was well illustrated last cuted, or sent to the notorious Thou.my own darling! ka" and "Ukrainka." The attack December 21, when the Polish Gov­ prison camps -m the north. Con­ was then launched against the ernment notified Ukrainian Depu- cerning one such trial, the London How truly vowed thou I Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, • ties that it was rejecting their pro­ 'I'Saturday^jReview" (January 18, To love me ever, and many priests were sent to posal for consideration by Par­ 1930) correctly pointed out.-that No one to fancy, prison for conducting services or liament of autonomy for Poland's "the real .reason for. bringing a .All men eluding,' registering births in Ukrainian. Ukrainian population. charge against Jefremov, Czechiv- Be mine* forever! ЩІр Next to'feel the brunt of the at­ The. realization among Ukrain­ sky and the others is the desire to destroy, the Ukrainian intelligentsia Of yqre, ray sweetheart! tack was the Ukrainian Orthodox ians that constitutional redress for In each -confiding Church. More than 200 of its by getting .rid of its chief repre­ them is. well-nigh impossible has sentatives ... Realizing its failure, We loved so truly, churches in the Volhyn and Polisya reached the point where they are Bolshevism has taken to its alter­ So pure and nobly, districts were destroyed or con­ beginning to regard war as the native weapons—terrorism and pro­ In peace abiding. verted into Polish institutions. only salvation fpir? them. Otto D. vocation. By this means it seeks Shocking.though these acts of the Tolischus, correspondent of The to kill the creative efforts of U- Oh, when returning, Polish Government arc, yet they New York Times, noted this fact krainian culture and that is the I fail to find Ціее^Ші pale before the terroristic "pacifi­ himself when he wrote (June 11, real з significance of . the present In painful anguish, ЩШ cation" that is -being wreaked on .1937): "Rich in tradition, history trial" ... and,., it might be added, . My white hands clasping, ''0Ш the defenseless Ukrainian popula­ and culture of which the West in of subsequent such trials. In death I'll lay me! tion now. According to Donald its pride knows little but which Tr. by John Yatchew. Day, foreign correspondent of the do not.allow them to forget that 'Even these weapons, terrorism Chicago Tribune Press (in a dis­ they were the first of the' East and provocation, failed to subdue patch written from Riga, Latvia, Slavic people to attain Statehood the Ukrainian resistance, especially Bolshevists." . Especially d ras tic dated October 18, 193$) ".twenty back in the ninth and tenth Cen­ to the Soviet economic policy. Such are the purges .of the Red Army thousand Polish police are assist­ turies, the Ukrainians again look opposition was usually followed by in Ukraine. Out of 18,000 officers ing the army" in this "pacifica­ forward to the re-creation .of their mass reprisals on the part of the of the Kiev and Minsk military . tion"... "Using lists compiled by own State much as the Poles did authorities, . which included the districts, more than 50% have their spies, the Poles-are reported before 1914^-so much so that they forcible shifting of' hundreds of been "liquidated." From Tukha- to be beating mercilessly Ukrain­ are already pursuing as far as '• thousands of Ukrainian population chevsky down there have been ians who are active in political and possible the same policy and tac- і from their native habitat in. order executions and banishments for» cultural organizations." tics' that- brought the Poles suc­ to artificially populate the vacated separatist activities. The most, re* Very aptly has H. G. Wells.de­ cess, even to the extent of basing areas with alien peoples. cent purge, as reported by the As- scribed Poland in his book* on the -all their hopes on the next»war." In 1932 and 1933 the Bolsheviks siciated Press from Moscow (Dec. "Shape of Things To Come":., "Black must be the injustices' by their economic policy, and espe­ 20, 1938) is in the leadership of suffered by Ukrainians-in Poland," cially by their enforcement of rural the; Ukrainian Komsomol (League Excessive Restoration of Poland of Young Communists). The sec­ a writer in the Catholic "Common- ; collectivization', brought about an ret Organization of Ukrainian Na­ "The restoration of Poland—the weal" (June 3, 1938) concluded, acute State of famine in Ukraine, tionalists, which operates in . all excessive restoration of Poland— "since they regard the—maybe— which took a terrible toll conser­ Ukrainian territories, is especially was one of the brightest ambitions suicidal catastrophe, of an interna­ vatively estimated by such con­ feared by the Soviet authorities, of Vilson. Poland was restored. tional, war as a means of possible scientious observers as William so much so that jts leader, Colonel But instead of a fine-spirited and deliverance." Henry Chamberiin, former Moscow Eugene Konovaletz, was assassin­ generous people emerging from Today, the Ukrainian strivings 'correspondent of the "Christian ated in Rotterdam, on May 23, those hundred and. twenty' years for freedom have reached the stage Science Monitor" (Boston), to be 1938, :1Ща Sovief agent — a fact of subjugation, and justifying the where, according to a United Press well over 4 million lives. And al­ which the Rotterdam chief of sympathy and hopes of liberalism dispatch from Warsaw (December though v( in the words of a resolu­ police, Rossbach, himself-confirmed. throughout the world, there ap­ 19, 1938) "Poland's foreign policy tion submitted in the House of Re­ peared a narrowly patriotic, gov­ at the moment "is dominated by. presentatives of the United States) "That something was fundamen­ ernment, which presently-developed the Ukrainian issue... Poland, it .the -Soviet %Goyernment>-was fully tally, wrong with the situation in into a vindictive and pitiless dic­ was admitted, would find it difficult aware of the famine in. Ukraine the Ukraine," declares an editorial tatorship,- and set itself at once to to counteract any secessionist move-, and although having full and com­ in the New York Herald-Tribune .the zestful persecution of the un­ rhent among heir^OOOiOOO Ukraine plete control of the entire food sup­ (December 19, 1938), "has been fortunate ethnic minorities caught* plies within its borders, it- Jhever- proved by the fact that during the ians — nearly one-fourth of the recent months even Stalin's most in the net. of its all too ample entire Polish population—if an in­ theless failed to take relief "meas­ boundaries... In the treatment of ures designed to check the famine trusted lieutenants have failed him dependent Ukrainia were estab­ •when sent to the Ukraine, and he the Ukrainians involved in libera­ lished."' і or alleviate, the terrible conditions tion, Poland equalled any of the arising from it, but on the con­ has had to dispose of those |ІЙ|§ atrocities which had been the bur­ g UNDER SOVIET RULE trary used the famine as a means the Ukraine in more rapid suc­ den of her song during her years By the Treaty of. Riga con­ of reducing the Ukrainian popula­ cession than in.any other part -of of martyrdom." cluded between Poland and the tion and destroying the Ukrainian the country . . .-'* In view of all this, it is no won» "Let it not be "supposed, how­ Soviets on March 18, 1921, the lat­ political and cultural rights. ter fastened their hola upon 450,- I der that an Associated Press dis­ ever, that this mistreatment of the Despite all such mass reprisals patch from Washington, dated Sep- -. Ukrainians by Poland has broken 000 square kilometers of Ukrain- • and terrorism of the' authorities ian territory, containing approxi- ( temoer 23,1938, reports that in the ' their spirit," wrote E. A. Powell, the national spirit in Soviet U- present crisis arising from Hitler's in his book "Thunder Over Eu­ raately a 35 million Ukrainian pop- ! kraine burns as brightly as ever, ulation. Two years later this ter- і push towards the east, Moscow is rope" (1931), "for not even in the a fact which Stalin as well as some concentrating its forces in Ukraine, Emerald Isle (Ireland) does one ritory was incorporated as an in- < of his underlings have-themselves tegral - part of the Union of the' for it knows that • the Ukrainians find more formidable fighting admitted. At the 17th Congress of are only waiting for the opportun­ qualities or a more passionate na­ Socialist Soviet Republics, the the Comunist Party, held.in Jan­ strong national feelings of it pre­ ity when they can strike for their tional sentiment than in Ukraine." uary 1934, for example, Stalin de­ freedom. IMP» v, - Nor has it retarded their national venting the Bolsheviki from rob­ clared: "Only very recently in the evolution. bing it of its national identity. Ukraine the deviation towards U- "For six hundred years . . .ЗЩ& krainian Nationalism did not re­ writes*|H: Hessel Tiltman-ki his - "Deserted in the past by rich "Prom the very first," wrote the book oaf "Peasant Europe" ,(Jar- Ukrainian fandowners who became "Cork Exammer?^Ireland, May 7, present the major danger but when we ceased to fight against it and- rolds, London, 1934) "they '(mm Polish aristocrats," wrote T. P. 1938), "Ukrainians were of all krainians) have fought to remain Conwcll-Evans in the British "Poli­ peoples-under the Soviet the least enabled to grow to the extent that it joined up with the intervention­ Ukrainian. They have preserved tical Quarterly" (Oct.-Dec, 1932), amenable, the most strongly in­ their own distinctive language, "the Ukrainian peasants, aided by dividual, the most fiercely na­ ists . this deviation became the major danger." ШШі their own/^bhurch, their own . their hard-working priests, them­ tionalist, therefore the most atro­ clothes, their high state of hus- selves of peasant stock, developed ciously suppressed." Today this spirit is one of -the bandry. And, at the end of that capacity and talent for responsible Despite the use of terrorism as chief worries of the rulers in Krem­ fight' «»fcr; centuries, as .^IJgP^i action. Their political leaders are a weapon of rule, the earlier years lin. That is why the purges in beginning, they face the world un­ nea.' all sons or grandsons of under the Soviets were character­ Ukraine are especially severe, di­ daunted alike by poverty, persecu­ peasants, 'many of them trained. in ized by certain cultural conces­ rected against the "separatists." tion, and repression —'- demanding the Universities of Prague and sions granted the Ukrainians, as a At the January 1938 session of the right Of '43 millions of people Vienna... A visitor to Poland partial offset to the violent politi­ the -Moscow Party leaders, it was having a common stock and a making a tour of some of the U- cal repression and 'economic ex­ revealed that fn the last Party common life to rule themselves. krainian villages will be agreeably ploitation of them. That this cul­ purge of 100,000 persons, no less That demandvmay be resisted 3§Kfl surprised at the character of the tural sop failed in its purpose was than 40,000 were in Ukraine, that a year, av generation .offa hundred activities carried on by the peas­ evidenced by the Ukrainian peas­ 3,422 persons were ejected..from generations. Вищій:! the end of I ants, which betrays not only- a antry's opposition to the govern­ the Party-in Kiev alone. Last June that time the Ukrainian people wfil deep seated national .consciousness, ment's requisition of foodstuffs a new purge of considerable sever­ still' be asking their freedom. And , but a readiness and ability to work which forced it to give it up and ity was begun in Ukraine, where, there will be neither lasting peace together and a sense of citizen-' introduce for awhile the "Nep," or as reported by Harold'Denny, Mos­ nor the reign of justice in* Eastern . ship... So vigorous a resurrection, New Economic' Policy, with its cow correspondent of The New Europe until that right is granted, starting at zero after-the devasta­ security, of individual farming and York Times, ."anti-Soviet senti­ and the alien troops withdrawn, tion of the Great War, is all the ! freedom'of private trade. With-the ment and activity has been intense-. leaving the Ukraine to conrol its more remarkable as the Ukrain­ passage of time and growth of the ly stubborn since the first days own destinies «йі-.епгісЬ all the ians have achieved it by -their own Sovits in .power, . however, even of the revolutionary,'" and which peasant lands by its example." "unaided efforts, without credits these cultural concessions began to "has been the field of a strong na­ STEPHEN smjfBjrfKQ. from the state or from the Polish., be taken away, and. the govern­ tionalist movement from the begin­ ning of the Bolshevist revolution." banks ... The4f Ukrainian ь,гs arrc too ment policy aimed .directly and well con3olid ed tn •'•- »n»rd: - systematically at the complete poli­ That is why, to quote M. Butenko, ||1| NEW YORK%ClTY. they cannot be assimilated, they tical, economical and cultural sub­ late Soviet Charge d'Affaires at LECTURE^a DISCUSSION- "The are too numerous and too deter­ jugation and- denationalization of Bucharest, "the Ukraine is- en­ Ukrainian Queation In the Preaent mined'. Oppression will serve only the Ukrainian nation. Although tirely administered by men faith- . Political Situation in Europe spon- : ful to Stalin sent from Moscow. sored чЩ&Ье Ukrttaffi Civic .<•*"*"' ;• to d:*!vf! them r into illegal and vio­ some Ukrainian cultural institu­ on TEUSDAY, JANUARY 10, 1939 it , lent method n f>ro*p«>*. Tin tn now tions were permitted to continue The slightest sign of Ukrainian InternationalInatitute, 341 E. *™»3« the vasfraajority tenaciously cling their existence, yet they found nationalism is repressed by ruth­ ' St., New York сЩпі 8'-;ЩШ to constitutional J -icthod".... x^ themselves emasculated of any real less methods so that the region is гаівБІойЩгее.. Speaker Mr. *** * would be disastrous if they began progress because of their being seething with hatred against the Lachowitch, co-editor ^'Svobodi 4

Шй ...rSSV^jJiO «UKRAINIANr WJSEHLY, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 31, 1938 No. 52 "Obfyednanye" Urges Establishment More Self-Determination ШМ of Free Ukraine UKRAINIANS'AIMSEXPLAINKD Ukrainian Republic Proclaimed BY EDITOR In 1917 ПШЕ executive committee of the men from the United States and Dr.. Luke Myshuha—editor of Svo- Ukrainians proclaimed the U- • United Ukrainian Organizations those countries which could aid boda, recently returned from Europe krainian National Republic at Kiev of America approved the following Ukraine and would not demand in where he conferred with British, above the ruins of Czarist Russia resolutions at their annual meeting, exchange that Ukraine become a Czech and Carpatho-Ultrainian offi­ in 1917. Ukrainians also pro­ December 24, 1938, in Jersey City, vassal state. It must be emphas­ cials—describes the Ukrainian libera­ claimed the .Western Ukrainian N. J.: g ized that the Ukrainian people tion movement in the following in­ terview with him by a representative Republic in Lviw in 1918 upon the aspire to an independent state of the United Press. collapse of the Austro-Hungarian I. Greetings to the Government dominated by no nation. Empire. These two republics united of Carpatho-Ukraine NEW YORK, Dec. 22—(Copy­ in 1919, and in their defence thou­ IV. Ukraine and Democracy right, UP.).—The Ukrainian ques­ sands of Ukrainians died. The Kiev Gathered at their annual meet­ tion has become a world problem. ing, the executive officers of the Republic was crushed by the Bol­ Many ardent but ill-advised ad­ The threat of war has focused sheviks and the Czarist Russians .United Ukrainian Organizations of versaries of Nazism and Fascism international attention on the America, greet His Excellency, make the charge that the Ukrain­ of Denikin who were aided by the Premier Dr. • Augustine Voloshyn struggle of more than 45,000,000 Allies. The Lviw Republic was ian independence movement is in­ - Ukrainians in Russia, Poland and destroyed by the Poles, likewise and the entire Government of spired by. Germany and is only the, Rumania for independence, Carpatho-Ukraine. They - declare - result of her machinations and cal­ supported by the Allies. that American Ukrainians, have - Since the war the Ukrainian peo­ But the Ukrainian ideal of an culations. This groundless- charge ple have reminded 'the world pow­ full confidence that this govern1 ­ is often made in so-called defense' independent sovereign state was ment will do everything within its of democracy. Its only result is ers that their division was forced not destroyed. power to assure -that the state of 4hat it cloaks the Nazi- govern­ by the Bolsheviks on one hand and • Today thousands of Ukrainian Carpatho-Ukraine will remain in ment with the toga of defender of the Allies on tiie other. As a re­ youths are imprisoned in Soviet, the hands of the Ukrainian people* oppressed peoples and champion of sult the Ukrainian Republic estab­ Polish and Rumanian jails, charged and that it will protect the spiritu­ the right of self-determination for lished in 1917 was destroyed. with fighting for this ideal. Many - al and material security of the these peoples. This function should Ukrainians in America protested write of Ukraine only as a pawn working people of Carpatho- belong to the democracies. Such as far back as 1919, sending a spe­ to further Hitler's ambitions. They Ukraine. unwise propaganda is designed cial delegation to the Versailles guess what Hitler thinks of U- against Nazism and Fascism hut in Peace Conference. Since then they 1 kraine. But few determine what П. On the Assassination of Colonel j reality becomes a boomerang have dispatched thousands of tele­ the Ukrainian people themselves Evhen Konovaletz against democracies and spreads. grams and memoranda to the great and their representatives proclaim, among Ukrainians and other op­ powers and the League of Nations, and desire. The assassination of Colonel Ev- pressed peoples disbelief in demo­ demanding the right of Ukrainian self-determination. • ben Konovaletz, head of the exe­ cracy and generally weakens the Sudeten Example Stirs Ukrainians cutive- council of the. Organization prestige of the democratic powers. During most of this period the It is impossible for Ukrainians of Ukrainian Rationalists, in Rot­ In the final analysis these powers world did not even know of the to understand why 3,500,000 Su­ terdam on May 23, 1938, by a must be based on justice for all existence of Adolf Hitler. Today deten Germans can be united with Soviet agent, shocked all Ukrain- creeds, peoples and classes. The when - newspapers speak of the ' ians and aroused widespread na­ best guarantee against the. pos­ Ukrainian liberation movement as Germany while 35,000,000 Ukrain-— tional mourning. The Ukrainian sibility of the spread of fascist a creation of Hitler, little mention ians under-Russia, 7,500,000 under people are aware that the Soviets ideas among the Ukrainian people is made of the long struggle of Poland and 1,500.000 under Ru­ hoped by this act to shatter the would be a clear and unequivocal the Ukrainians themselves for free­ mania must remain, separated. And Ukrainian revolutionary movement recognition by the democratic dom. they cannot understand how Po­ which exists today in Ukraine un­ powers of their full right to self- land can seize Teschen with its der Russia and beyond her fron­ determination in all their ethnor some 80,000 Poles from Czechoslo-. tiers, and which is striving £o lib­ graphic territories. і таїна on ethnographic principles erate the Ukrainian people fronr and deny the millions of Ukrain-. foreign occupation and create from YOUTH and THE IMUL ians even the -right to have their all occupied 'Ukrainian territories V. On Western Ukraine (Under own university in Lviw. - under Russia, Poland and Rumania, Poland) In a previous column it was Poland rejected the Ukrainian a free and independent .Greater brought out that the most serious •autonomy, bill" without discussion Ukraine of more than 45,000,000 Ukrainians in America never be­ problem that the Ukrainian Na­ and the Ukrainian people despair •people. .We are witnesses to the' lieved that an agreement could be tional Association has to ponder of ever setling their problem peace­ .ifact that the revolutionary activ­ reached between Poland and the over, is the one involving its fully with the Polish state. ity in Ukraine under the Soviets is' 7,500,000 Ukrainians in Western younger members. They cannot look on without re­ increasing daily; the best proof of Ukraine or even that normalization At the present time,' there are which is the recent "purge" of the of Polish-Ukrainian relations could action when the Polish Government * about 30 U.N.A. youth branches confiscates and destroys Ukrainian' highest officers of the Ukrainian succeed. The reason is that.'the in existence. That there are so Comsomols. Even there, the Soviet- history of Polish-Ukrainian rela­ churches and in those remaining many youth branches is encourag­ forces them to pray in Polish. No press reports, are Ukrainian- sep­ tions shows that Poland never ing... but how many of them are aratists and nationalists who de­ wished to achieve such normaliza­ Hitler or German agents are need­ active? How many of them can ed in western Ukraine to create sire to separate Ukraine from' Rus- tion. Poland always sought, as' she boast of having held successful . sia. Likewise* in the Ukrainian Red seeks today, to destroy the Ukraine hatred; the Polish Government does meetings every month? ' A branch this well enough) alone. Army, high officers in Kiev have ian church, culture and national­ is usually organized by some am* -been recently arrested on charges ity. In the Polish Sejm today there bitious person; there is much en­ As for Russia, there is no need of. being Ukrainian Nationalists, has not been found even a single thusiasm among the members; to explain the revulsion of the according to the Soviet press. These Polish deputy who would support several meetings are held;' an af­ Ukrainian people for the Moscow two facts demonstrate most clear­ the Ukrainian demands for auto­ fair or two is sponsored; much occupants after 5,000,000 Ukrain­ ly- that the' terrorist acts which nomy. The Polish government op­ future activity is contemplated. In ians died of starvation in 1932-33. the Soviets organize not only in- posed and opposes Ukrainian auto­ time, however, a member says he is For years, we have read that all Ukraine but also abroad, as for nomy because it does not desire too busy to attend meetings because was quiet in eastern Ukraine un- instance the assassination of Col­ the development of Ukrainian life he is attending night school; an­ • der Russia, f At the same time at onel Evhen Konovaletz in 1938 but rather its destruction. It stands other excuses himself from' meet­ every important party and political and of General Simon Petlura, head for violation of international trea­ ings because he works nights; a congress the Communists- de­ of the 'Ukrainian National Republic,' ties, barbaric pacifications of the third says he is busy doing some­ nounce the Ukraine revolutionaries in Paris in 1926, merely accelerate Ukrainian people, wreckage and thing, and on it goes. And the who are struggling for the libera­ the liberation of Ukraine. confiscation of Ukrainian churches, result is, that the branch becomes tion of Ukraine. Similarly the many introduction of the Polish lan­ inactive. щЩ- trials and "purges" bely the state­ Ш.«On the Creation of a* Greater guage into the Ukrainian church, ment that there is no revolution­ Ukraine liquidation of Ukrainian schools, The U.N.A. has tried to interest ary unrest in eastern Ukraine. cooperatives and economic and so­ its youth in the organization on The creation of Carpatho-Ukraine cial organizations, and even the countless occasions, and it is only has focused international attention prohibition of memorial ceremonies lately meeting with some degree Rumania Bans Ukrainian Schools j upon the problem of a Greater U- over the graves of Ukrainian war of success. This is probably due The Ukrainian people in Ru­ kralne, uniting the Ukrainian ter­ dead. For these reasons, the U- to the fact that it is finally being mania (in the territories of Bu- ritories now occupied by .Russia, krainians .cannot legally ameliorate understood that the U.N.A. is not kovina and Bessarabia) are without Poland and Rumania, into a sover­ -their own condition because Poland interesting itself in the youth for Ukrainian schools or Ukrainian eign independent state. This is a herself has closed the. door. It is the sole purpose of obtaining new newspapers and even Ukrainian natural phenomenon. Therefore U- useless for them to dupe them­ members. The interest, is due' to amateur theatricals are forbidden krainians cannot understand why selves any longer about the pos­ several more important reasons..: on the ground that they are the clear and just question of a sibility of obtaining autonomy from the most outstanding being that it against the state. Greater Ukraine is identified con­ Poland. .The situation must be desires to safeguard their future,' stantly with the plans of Germany faced realistically; no agreement and can only do so when its younger The young Ukrainian generation; and her "Drang nach Osten." The can' be reached with Poland, there- . members show enough interest in fighting for the liberation of V- Ukrainians in America from the fore, the Ukrainians must fight and the organization to prepare them­ kraine, was brought up in the spirit time they first immigrated to this forcibly take their lands out of the selves for the responsibility of of the Ukrainian intellectual lead­ country have always maintained hands of Poland. Poland is lead­ managing it, when the proper time ers, Taras Shevchenko and Ivan their interest in all the Ukrainian ing herself into decline. It is self- comes. Franko, who were truly democratic lands and energetically supported evident that the coming partition Next week's column will deal in their writings and deeds. the ideal of a .free Ukraine. As of Poland will be the logical con­ with the question:. "How to create . The Ukrainian people want, to- they did from the start, the U- sequence of her irresponsible po­ interest among the members of a free themselves of Russia, Poland krainians in America today sup­ licy toward Ukrainians and other U.N.A. youth branch." and Rumania. They want to de­ port their 45,000,000 kinsmen in non-Poles within her borders. termine their own destiny. their struggle to obtain self-deter­ Today we have a Small territory mination. They believe so firmly ЩЖ- .(Signed) in the necessity of a sovereign U- ELIZABETH, N. J. where more than 500,000 Ukrain­ United Ukrainian Organizations ians have autonomy — Carpatho- , krainian state uniting all the U- .GALA NEW YEAR'S EVE DANCE krainian lands that they will never ЩїШ of- America Ukraine in the federated Czecho- sponsored by the Ukrainian' National slovakian Republic. This tiny seg­ relinquish this ideal. The Ukrain­ Emit Revyuk, President Home and the Ukrainian Social Club ians in America have and will con­ at Ukrainian Auditorium, 214-6 Fulton ment of Ukraine is living proof of tinue to support materially the U- Dr. Luke Myshuha, Secretary. St, Elizabeth, N. J., SATURDAY, DE­ how the Ukrainian question can be krainian independence movement. CEMBER 31, 1938. Commencing 8. solved^peacefully. They will likewise seek to obtain Join the Ukrainian National P. M. Admission 40 e. Committee Reserve* All Rights. Don't miss this (The Montreal Dally Star, ' ршіісаі support for their kins­ Association Gala Celebration! December 22,1938).