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Patterns and Trends of Land Use and Land Cover on Atlantic and Gulf Coast Barrier Islands

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Patterns and Trends of Land Use and Land Cover on Atlantic and Gulf Coast Barrier Islands Patterns and Trends of Land Use and Land Cover on Atlantic and Gulf Coast Barrier Islands GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1156 Patterns and Trends of Land Use and Land Cover on Atlantic and Gulf Coast Barrier Islands By Harry F. Lins, Jr. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESS I ON AL PAPER 1156 UNITED STATES GOVERNME-NT PRINTING OFFICE: 1980 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR CECIL D. ANDRUS, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY H. William Menard, Director Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Lins, Harry F. Patterns and trends of land use and land cover on Atlantic and Gulf Coast barrier islands. (U.S. Geological Survey professional paper ; 1156) Bibliography: p. Supt. of Docs, no.: I 19.16:1156 1. Coastal zone management-United States. 2. Land use-United States. I. Title. II. Series: United States. Geological Survey. Professional paper; 1156. HT392.L55 333.78'4 80-607144 ____________________________ For sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 CONTENTS Page Page Preface _______________________________ VII References ________________________ ___ 12 Abstract ___________________________________________ 1 Appendices ____________ 13 Introduction ________________________________________ 1 I Tables (9-27) summarize area values of land use and land Methodology ________________________________ 2 cover on Atlantic and Gulf coast barrier islands, Data description and regional analysis ___________________ 2 1945-55 and 1972-75, with changes. Statistical significance ________________________________ 10 II Land use and land cover maps (figs. 2-125) of Atlantic Conclusions _____________________ 11 and Gulf coast barrier islands, 1972-75. TABLES Page Page TABLE 1. Land use and land cover classification system for Area values of Level I land use and land cover on Atlantic and use with remotely sensed data _________________ Gulf Coast barrier islands in 1945-55 and 1972-75, with changes: 9. For 9 barrier islands off the Maine coast ______ 15 2. Area values of Level I land use and land cover on 10. For 2 barrier islands off the New Hampshire coast _ 15 barrier islands for 1945-55, by State ____________ 11. For 27 barrier islands off the Massachusetts coast _ 16 3. Area values of Level I land use and land cover on 12. For 6 barrier islands off the Rhode Island coast __ 18 barrier islands for 1972-75, by State ____________ 13. For 2 barrier islands off the Connecticut coast ___ 18 14. For 15 barrier islands off the New York coast ___ 19 4. Changes in area values of Level I land use and land 15. For 10 barrier islands off the New Jersey coast __ 20 cover on barrier islands between 1945-55 and 16. For 2 barrier islands off the Delaware coast ____ 21 1972-75, by State ___________________________ 17. For 2 barrier islands off the Maryland coast ____ 21 5. Area values of Level I land use and land cover on 18. For 11 barrier islands off the Virginia coast ____ 22 barrier islands for 1945-55, by regional group ____ 19. For 23 barrier islands off the North Carolina coast _ 23 20. For 34 barrier islands off the South Carolina coast _ 25 6. Area values of Level I land use and land cover on 21. For 15 barrier islands off the Georgia coast ____ 27 barrier islands for 1972-75, by regional group ____ 22. For 80 barrier islands off the Florida coast ____ 28 7. Changes in area values of Level I land use and land 23. For 5 barrier islands off the Alabama coast ____ 33 cover on barrier islands between 1945-55 and 24. For 5 barrier islands off the Mississippi coast ___ 33 1972-75, by regional group ____________________ 25. For 18 barrier islands off the Louisiana coast ___ 34 26. For 16 barrier islands off the Texas coast ______ 36 8. Statistical significance of land use and land cover 27. Summary of changes for all barrier islands in the 8 area changes by regional group ________________ 11 regional groups ____________________ 37 ILLUSTRATIONS Page FIGURE 1. Map of regional groupings of Atlantic and Gulf Land use and land cover maps of the New England and New coast barrier islands ________________ 6 York Bight barrier islands (figs. 8-27): Indexes to land use and land cover maps (figs. 2-7): 8. Of the coastal area near Bath, Me., with 2. Of the New England and New York Bight barrier associated barrier islands ____________ __ 43 islands (figs. 8-27) _________________ 41 9. Of the coastal area near Portland, Me., with 3. Of the Mid-Atlantic barrier islands (figs. 28-48) _ 42 associated barrier islands ____________ 44 4. Of the Mid-Atlantic, Sea Islands, and Florida Atlantic barrier islands (figs. 49-70) _______ 43 10. Of the coastal area near Gloucester, Mass., with 5. Of the Florida Atlantic and Eastern Gulf barrier associated barrier islands ________ __ 45 islands (figs. 71-95) ________________ 44 11. Of the coastal area near Boston, Mass., with 6. Of the Eastern Gulf and Louisiana barrier islands associated barrier islands ___________________ 46 (figs. 96-112) ____________________ 45 12. Of the coastal area near Plymouth, Mass., with 7. Of the Texas barrier islands (figs. 113-125) ___ 46 associated barrier islands ___________________ 47 in IV CONTENTS FIGURE 13. Of the coastal area near Cape Cod, Mass., with FIGURE 42. Of the coastal area near Ocracoke, N.C., with associated barrier islands __________ 48 associated barrier islands ____ _________ 77 14. Of the coastal area near Provincetown, Mass., 43. Of the coastal area near Atlantic, N.C., with with associated barrier islands __________ 49 associated barrier islands ____ _ _____ 78 15. Of the coastal area near Nantucket, Mass., with 44. Of the coastal area near Cape Lookout, N.C., with associated barrier islands ____________ 50 associated barrier islands _________________ 79 16. Of the coastal area near Martha's Vineyard, 45. Of the coastal area near Morehead City, N.C. with Mass., with associated barrier islands ______ 51 associated barrier islands _______ ____ 80 17. Of the coastal area near New Bedford, Mass., with 46. Of the coastal area near Jacksonville, N.C., with associated barrier islands _______ _ 52 associated barrier islands ____ _________ 81 18. Of the coastal area near Newport, R. I., with 47. Of the coastal area near Hampstead, N.C., with associated barrier islands ____________ 53 associated barrier islands ____ _________ 82 19. Of the coastal area near Mystic, Conn., with 48. Of the coastal area near Wrightsville Beach, N. C., associated barrier islands __________ 54 with associated barrier islands __________ 83 20. Of the coastal area near New Haven, Conn., with associated barrier islands ____________ 55 Land use and land cover maps of the Mid-Atlantic, Sea Islands, 21. Of the coastal area near Bridgeport, Conn, with and Florida Atlantic barrier islands (figs. 49-70): associated barrier islands ____________ 56 22. Of the coastal area near New London, Conn., with 49. Of the coastal area near Cape Fear, N.C., with associated barrier islands _ ________________ 57 associated barrier islands _______________ 23. Of the coastal area near Southampton, N.Y., with 50. Of the coastal area near Seaside, N.C., with associated barrier islands ___________________ 58 associated barrier islands _______ ____ 85 24. Of the coastal area near Brookhaven, N.Y., with 51. Of the coastal area near Georgetown, S.C., with associated barrier islands ___________________ 59 associated barrier islands ____________ 86 25. Of the coastal area near Fire Island, N.Y., with 52. Of the coastal area near Cape Romain, S.C., with associated barrier islands ___________________ 60 associated barrier islands _____________ 87 26. Of the coastal area near Lindenhurst, N.Y., with 53. Of the coastal area near Isle of Palms, S.C., with associated barrier islands ___________________ 61 associated barrier islands ____________ 88 27. Of the coastal area near New York, N.Y., with 54. Of the coastal area near Charleston, S.C., with associated barrier islands ___________________ 62 associated barrier islands ____________ 89 55. Of the coastal area near Edisto Island, S.C., with Land use and land cover maps of the Mid-Atlantic barrier associated barrier islands _______ _____ 90 islands (figs. 28-48): 56. Of the coastal area near Beaufort, S.C., with associated barrier islands _______ ____ 91 28. Of the coastal area near Sandy Hook, N.J., with 57. Of the coastal area near Hilton Head, S.C., with associated barrier islands ____________ 63 associated barrier islands ____ _ ____ 92 29. Of the coastal area near Toms River, N.J., with 58. Of the coastal area near Savannah Beach, Ga., associated barrier islands ____________ 64 with associated barrier islands ____ _____ 93 30. Of the coastal area near Atlantic City, N.J., with 59. Of the coastal area near St. Catherines Island, associated barrier islanda ____________ 65 Ga., with associated barrier islands _______ 94 31. Of the coastal area near Ocean City, N.J., with 60. Of the coastal area near Sapelo Island, Ga., with associated barrier islands ____________ 66 associated barrier islands __________ 95 32. Of the coastal area near Rehoboth Beach, Del., 61. Of the coastal area near Brunswick, Ga., with with associated barrier islands _________ 67 associated barrier islands ____ _ 96 33. Of the coastal area near Ocean City, Md., with 62. Of the coastal area near Cumberland Island, Ga., associated barrier islands ____________ 68 with associated barrier islands _________ 97 34. Of the coastal area near Assateague Island, Md., 63. Of the coastal area near Fernandina Beach, Fla., with associated barrier islands _________ 69 with associated barrier islands ____ _ 98 35. Of the coastal area near Chincoteague, Va., with 64. Of the coastal area near Jacksonville, Fla., with associated barrier islands ____________ 70 associated barrier islands ____________ 99 36.
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