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Metropolitan Council Facts photo credit to MnDNR www.metrocouncil.org Rum River ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES Rum River is located north of the metropolitan area. It begins at the Lake Mille Lacs outlet in Mille Lacs Kathio State Park and runs through FAST FACTS lakes, wetlands, forest, grassland, agricultural, and urban areas, including Major river basin: Mississippi River Onamia Lake, a crucial wild rice lake. There are small stands of wild rice found along the length of the river. The river discharges into the Mississippi Water source: Surface water runoff, River near the city of Anoka. The river is both a State Water Trail and State lake outflow Wild and Scenic River. Length: 150 miles Flow Watershed area: 1,584 square miles Stream flow, or the rate of water flowing in a stream, affects aquatic life and the ecosystem. High flows can lead to flooding and erosion, and transport Watershed land use: Wetlands, pollutants. forests, grasslands, agricultural and Rum River flows year-round, but is influenced by how much rain or snow urban areas has fallen in any given year. Since 2003, the average flow in the Rum River is Regional parks: Lake George, Rum nearly 886 cubic feet-per-second. At that rate, it would take the river seven days to fill the Target Center in Minneapolis. River Central Rum River Annual Flows and Precipitation State park: Mille Lacs Kathio Average Flow Rate Precipitation 1,600 Annual Precipitation, Cooperator organizations: Anoka 40 1,400 30 inches Conservation District 1,200 20 1,000 Year first monitored: 1996 800 10 600 0 400 Special feature: Wild rice, historic Average Flow Rate, cubic feet per second 200 and archaeological sites near Mille 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Lacs L a k e M i l l e L a c s AITKIN CROW Nutrients WING Rum River Nutrients, like nitrogen and phosphorus, are necessary for stream health. Watershed MILLE However, elevated nutrient levels, caused by materials like fertilizers, animal LACS manure, pet waste or grass clippings, can cause excessive algae growth MORRISON KANABEC and harm aquatic wildlife, insects and fish. BENTON Rum River has the second lowest concentrations of phosphorus and CHISAGO STERNS nitrogen (measured as nitrate) compared to other streams in the Mississippi ISANTI River basin. Since its phosphorus levels are the same as the Mississippi, it WRIGHT does not affect the river’s water quality, and its nitrate levels are lower than ANOKA MEEKER other rural watersheds. 03 6 12 Miles WASHINGTON Sediment Sediment from poorly-managed construction sites or eroded stream banks and gullies can decrease the light available in streams and harm aquatic life. Another term for sediment is “total suspended solids.” Rum River carries an average of 26 million pounds of sediment into the Mississippi River each year (enough to fill 787 15-ton dump trucks), but it has the lowest sediment concentration of all the streams in the basin. Median Phosphorus Concentrations in the Mississippi Chloride River and Tributary Streams, 2003–2012 Chloride, one component of salt, is typically used for winter road, parking Phosphorus Concentration, lot, and sidewalk maintenance and home water softening. Large-lot rural, milligram per liter residential areas also have many individual on-site septic systems to 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 manage wastewater since there is no centralized sewage system. Failed Mississippi River at Anoka septic systems can leak chloride into the groundwater and eventually pollute the stream. South Fork Crow River Rum River has the lowest concentration of chloride of the Mississippi Crow River Main Stem River streams, reflecting the rural nature of the region. Rum River Preserving our Creeks Bassett Creek The Upper Rum River and Lower Rum River Watershed Management Minnehaha Creek Organizations are the local governing bodies responsible for maintaining Mississippi River at St. Paul the watershed and improving river water quality. They partner with private landowners, cities, counties, and the Minnesota Department of Natural Battle Creek Resources to complete various improvement projects, including: Fish Creek • Building rain gardens Vermillion River • Establishing vegetation buffers along the river Cannon River • Restoring wild rice stands Is the Stream Improving? Median Sediment Concentrations in the Mississippi Long-term data analysis and computer modeling indicate that Rum River’s River and Tributary Streams, 2003–2012 water quality has improved because sediment, phosphorus and nitrate levels have decreased. Total Suspended Solids Concentration, milligram per liter Protecting the Region’s Water Resources 0 50 100 150 This work supports the regional policies established in the Metropolitan Mississippi River at Anoka Council’s Thrive MSP 2040 and Water Resources Policy Plan to collaborate South Fork Crow River with partners to promote the long-term sustainability and health of the region’s water resources, including surface water, wastewater and water Crow River Main Stem supply. Rum River For more information Bassett Creek About this fact sheet, contact Jennifer Kostrzewski: jennifer.kostrzewski@metc. Minnehaha Creek state.mn.us, 651-602-1078 Mississippi River at St. Paul About stream monitoring, contact Cassie Champion: cassandra.champion@metc. Battle Creek state.mn.us, 651-602-8745 Fish Creek Visit www.metrocouncil.org/streams for the full results of the Comprehensive Water Vermillion River Quality Assessment of Select Metropolitan Area Streams. Cannon River Metropolitan Council 390 Robert Street North Saint Paul, MN 55101 Main: 651.602.1000 TTY: 651.291.0904 Public Information: 651.602.1500 www.metrocouncil.org Published 2014 [email protected] .
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