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RUSSIAN FEDERATION Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health Cover images: iStockphoto RUSSIAN FEDERATION RUSSIAN FEDERATION The Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) is sup- ported by WHO’s Surveys, Measurement and Analysis unit. SAGE compiles comparable longitudinal information on the health and well-being of adult populations and the ageing process from nationally representative samples in six coun- tries (China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russian Federation and South 1 Wave (SAGE), health and adult on global AGEing Study Africa). Financial support for SAGE was provided by the US National Institute on Aging and the World Health Organiza- tion. The Russian Federation’s national report is a descriptive Study on global AGEing and adult health summary of SAGE Wave 1 results. Wave 2 will be implemented in 2015 and Wave 3 in 2016. More information is available at: www.who.int/healthinfo/sage (SAGE), Wave 1 WHO SAGE WAVE 1 Cover images: iStockphoto RUSSIAN FEDERATION RUSSIAN FEDERATION The Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) is sup- ported by WHO’s Surveys, Measurement and Analysis unit. SAGE compiles comparable longitudinal information on the health and well-being of adult populations and the ageing process from nationally representative samples in six coun- tries (China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russian Federation and South 1 Wave (SAGE), health and adult on global AGEing Study Africa). Financial support for SAGE was provided by the US National Institute on Aging and the World Health Organiza- tion. The Russian Federation’s national report is a descriptive Study on global AGEing and adult health summary of SAGE Wave 1 results. Wave 2 will be implemented in 2015 and Wave 3 in 2016. More information is available at: www.who.int/healthinfo/sage (SAGE), Wave 1 WHO SAGE WAVE 1 Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) Wave 1 Russian Federation National Report National Research Institute of Public Health, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (RAMS) Study Report December 2013 SAGE is supported by the US National Institute on Aging (NIA) through Interagency Agreements (OGHA 04034785; YA1323–08-CN-0020; Y1-AG-1005–01) and through a research grant (R01-AG034479). The NIA’s Division of Behavioral and Social Research, under the directorship of Dr Richard Suzman, has been instrumental in providing continuous intellectual and other technical support to SAGE, and has made the entire endeavour possible. Contributors and Copyright Contributors Prof Tamara M. Maximova Federal State Budgetary Institution, National Research Institute of Public Health, in the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia Vitaly B. Belov Federal State Budgetary Institution, National Research Institute of Public Health, in the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia Nina P. Lushkina Federal State Budgetary Institution, National Research Institute of Public Health, in the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia Vera M. Karpova Federal State Budgetary Institution, National Research Institute of Public Health, in the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia © World Health Organization 2014 All rights reserved. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concern- ing the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpreta- tion and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall the World Health Organization be liable for damages arising from its use. Photo: © Dmitry Ryzhkov/Flickr. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/ Copyediting: Dr Wynne Russell Design and layout: Rick Jones, Exile: Design & Editorial Services, London (United Kingdom) 2 SAGE Russian Federation Wave 1 Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank: All participants who consented to participate in the study; The World Health Organization (WHO) for initiating the study, financial and technical support, and pro- All the fieldwork supervisors and their teams of vision of materials and instrumentation for the interviewers for collecting the data; conduct of the study, as well as the specialists of the The Saint Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Multi-Country Studies Unit—Dr Somnath Chatterji, Gerontology, RAMS (O.N. Mikhailova, vice-director) Dr Paul Kowal and Ms Nirmala Naidoo—for their for information relating to problems of ageing, for help in preparing and editing of this report; instance about the implementation of the Madrid The Russian Federation Ministry of Health and Plan in Russia; Minister of Health V.I. Skvortsova for their support Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera for the study; RAMS (N.A. Mikhailova, vice-director), Laboratory The Russian Federation Ministry of Regional Devel- “Hemotest” (T.A. Silkina) for long-term storage opment (Prof. E.P. Kakorina) for material for the of DBS; analytical parts of the study; Mary McEniry, Kevin Kinsella and Wynne Russell for The Department of Preventative Medicine, Russian editing the report and providing materials for data Academy of Medical Sciences (RAMS) (Academician comparison; V.V. Zverev, head) for their support and regular SAGE is supported by the US National Institute on consultations on the basic results of the research; Aging (NIA) through Interagency Agreements The administrations of territories participating in (OGHA 04034785; YA1323–08-CN-0020; Y1-AG-1005–01) the study for their help in organising the work; and a research grant (R01-AG034479); and, The administration of Federal State Budgetary The Russian Federation Ministry of Health and Social Institution, National Research Institute of Public Development (L.A. Mikhailova, vice-director of Health under the RAMS, (Academician O.P. Shepin, department) for support for the study. director) and administrations of territories partici- pated in SAGE, for organization of work; SAGE Russian Federation Wave 1 3 Contents 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Global ageing 6 1.2 Emerging health trends related to population ageing 7 1.3 Social aspects of population ageing 7 1.4 Population ageing in Russia 9 1.5 Russia: regional socio demographic peculiarities 10 1.6 Ageing issues and social policy goals 11 1.7 Ageing related studies, data and policy gaps 13 1.8 SAGE and the World Health Survey 13 1.9 SAGE goals and objectives 14 1.10 Dissemination of SAGE results 15 2. Methodology .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 16 2.1 Sampling design, implementation and size 16 2.2 SAGE survey instruments 18 2.3 Biomarker measurements 20 2.4 Georeference data 21 2.5 Data collection procedures and data management 21 2.6 Survey metrics and data quality 22 2.7 Response rate 23 3. Household and Individual Characteristics .............................................................................................................................. 24 3.1 Household characteristics 24 3.2 Individual respondents 30 4. Income, Consumption, Transfers and Retirement ........................................................................................................ 32 4.1 Work history 32 4.2 Household income and transfers 34 4.3 Household expenditures on health 38 4.4 Impact of caregiving 40 4 SAGE Russian Federation Wave 1 5. Risk Factors and Health Behaviours ................................................................................................................................................ 43 5.1 Tobacco and alcohol consumption 43 5.2 Diet and physical activity 47 5.3 Access to improved water sources and sanitation 49 5.4 Solid fuel use 50 5.5. Food security 51 6. Health State ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 52 6.1 Self-reported health and functioning 52 6.2 Disability 56 6.3 Cognitive capacity 58 7. Morbidity and Interventions ...................................................................................................................................................................... 63 7.1 Chronic conditions 63 7.2 Injuries from road traffic accidents and from all other accidents 70 7.3 Oral health and cataracts 71 7.4 Health system coverage: cervical and breast cancer screening 72 8. Health Examination and Biomarkers ............................................................................................................................................
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