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A Study of Polypetalous Plant Diversity of Moradabad District, Uttar Pradesh, India

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A Study of Polypetalous Plant Diversity of Moradabad District, Uttar Pradesh, India Article ID: WMC001897 ISSN 2046-1690 A Study of Polypetalous Plant Diversity of Moradabad District, Uttar Pradesh, India. Author(s):Mr. Raj P Singh, Mr. Nirlipt Rai, Dr. Vinod K Tiwari Corresponding Author: Dr. Vinod K Tiwari, Associate Professor, Department of Botany, Head of the Department, Hindu College, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, 244001 - India Submitting Author: Mr. Raj P Singh, Research Scholar, Hindu College, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, 244001 - India Article ID: WMC001897 Article Type: Research articles Submitted on:25-Apr-2011, 05:41:23 AM GMT Published on: 26-Apr-2011, 07:34:21 PM GMT Article URL: http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/1897 Subject Categories:ECOLOGY Keywords:Angiosperms, Dicotyledonous plants, Polypetalous Plants, Taxonomy, Biodiversity, Conservation How to cite the article:Singh R P, Rai N , Tiwari V K. A Study of Polypetalous Plant Diversity of Moradabad District, Uttar Pradesh, India. WebmedCentral ECOLOGY 2011;2(4):WMC001897 Source(s) of Funding: Council of Scientific & Industrial Research –University Grants Commission (CSIR – UGC), Government of India, New Delhi, India (F. No. 10-2(5)/2006(ii)-E.U II). Competing Interests: No WebmedCentral > Research articles Page 1 of 20 WMC001897 Downloaded from http://www.webmedcentral.com on 19-Aug-2011, 07:32:59 AM A Study of Polypetalous Plant Diversity of Moradabad District, Uttar Pradesh, India. Abstract District’ was published by N. K. Paliwal and V. P. Singh in 1982 (Paliwal, N. K. et al., 1982), which provided useful insight into the plants of the district. Since then no such taxonomic studies are being This paper aimed to document the diversity of conducted in the district. Only some of work is now polypetalous plant species along with their vernacular started and a few papers are being published. These names, habit, habitat, and their occurrence found in papers mainly deal with some aspects of the plants Moradabad district of Uttar Pradesh in India. This such as their medicinal use or invasiveness (Beena study is first of its kind conducted in the district Kumari et al., 2009, Beena Kumari& Singh, N., 2009). showing current status of these plants. Polypetalous So, practically Moradabad remains to be explored plants contribute substantially to the diversity of the from the taxonomic point of view considering changes district and their proper knowledge could play that took place in last few decades owing to heavy important role in planning for conservation and agriculture, urbanisation, industrialisation and other sustainable use of available resources. A total of 235 such factors. Here is an attempt to cover polypetalous polypetalous plant species belonging to 154 genera plants from this point of view so as to provide and 46 families are included in the study. information about the plants according to their current Introduction status. “Taxonomy is the science of the description and classification of organism, essential in theoretical and India is one of the 12 centres of mega-diversity in the applied biology” (Guerra – Gracia et. al., 2008).Plants world and consists of 17,000 flowering plant species. It represent one of the important element of biodiversity, accounts for 8% of the global biodiversity with only thus the knowledge of plant species found in the 2.4% of the total land area in the world (Reddy, C. S., different areas of the world is a pre-requisite to 2008; Hajra P. K. et al., 1997). In India, Uttar Pradesh conserve the ecological biodiversity. It helps us to is the most populous and largest state in which lies the understand the overall structure and function of an Moradabad.Present study deals with the listing of ecosystem (Sumeet et. al., 2010). For this reason polypetalous plants belonging to dicots found in accurate and precise information of the known plant Moradabad district. Polypetalous plants belong to species from a given area is essential. The information dicotyledonous plants of angiosperm. Dicotyledonous is important as it allows us to prevent or avoid the plants are characterised by the presence of two potential chances of biodiversity loss and to plan cotyledons in their seeds and net veined leaves. In the future policy for the protection of our environment. For same way polypetalous plants, which represent instance, invasive alien species which are second sub-class in dicots, are identified with the presence of greatest threat to biodiversity (Wilcove et. al., 1998); distinct sepals and petals in their flowersalong with can be better managed only if proper and accurate free petals. This system of classification for information is available for them. According to P. K. K. angiosperm plants, used in this study, was given by Nair “taxonomy is an integral component of Bentham and Hooker in Genera Plantarum biodiversity protection, remediation and (1862-1883). Sir, J. D. Hooker (1817-1911) published eco-development”. (Nair, P. K. K., 2004). The present ‘The flora of British India’ in seven volumes during study aimed to provide insight into plants of 1872- 97. With its publication various floras of regional Moradabad from taxonomic point of view, which in turn level came into being. Most notable among them was will provide important source for use in various other Duthies’ ‘Flora of the Upper Gangetic plain and of the fields of biology in general and botany in particular. adjacent Siwalik and Sub-Himalayan tracts’ in the context of present study, as it referred to the plants of Methods Moradabad to some extent. Thereafter a paper titled ‘A contribution to the Angiospermic flora of Moradabad WebmedCentral > Research articles Page 2 of 20 WMC001897 Downloaded from http://www.webmedcentral.com on 19-Aug-2011, 07:32:59 AM Study Area – The present study is concerned with the in our study. In all- total of 88 herbs, 27 shrubs, 50 Moradabad district of Uttar Pradesh in India. trees, 23 climbers,9 small trees, 17 shrubs or small Moradabad is situated between 28° -21' to 28° -16' N trees, 11 twining herbs and 10 herbs or shrubs have latitude and 78° -4' to 79° E longitude. The district is been included. The most speciose families in our situated at the bank of river Ramganga, a tributary of study include- Fabaceae (79), Malvaceae (24), river Ganga, which flows in its north east and Gangan Cucurbitaceae (15), Brassicaceae (12), Rutaceae river flows in south west of the city. It covers the total (10), etc. Among these families Fabaceae actually area of 3493 sq. km. The climate of district is tropical include three sub families viz. papilionaceae (45), monsoonal type with annual average rainfall of 967mm. Caesalpinieae (21), Mimosae (13) with maximum The average maximum and minimum temperatures number of species. Some of most common plants are 42.2° and 4°, respectively ( species which occurred as weeds at various places http://www.uponline.in/profile/districts/Moradabad.asp include – Argemone mexicana (papaveraceae), ). There are three distinct seasons viz.- winter Cassia pumila (fabaceae), Cassia occidentalis (October – February), summer (March – June), and (fabaceae), Cassia tora (fabaceae), Coccinia cordifolia rainy (June – September).City is well connected with (cucurbitaceae), Desmodium triflorum (fabaceae), other main cities of the country such as Delhi, Fumaria indica (fumariaceae), Jussiaea repens Lucknow, Bareilly, and Patna by rail and road (onagraceae), Nasturtium officinale (brassicaceae), transport which facilitates industrial and commercial Oxalis corniculata (oxalidaceae), Oxalis latifolia development in the area. (oxalidaceae), Rorippa indica (brassicaceae), Sida Extensive field surveys were conducted in the district spinosa (malvaceae), Sida rhombifolia (malvaceae), from Jan 2007 to Dec 2010 during different seasons Sida acuta (malvaceae), Sida cordifolia (malvaceae), through regular field visits in order to get maximum Stellaria media (caryophyllaceae), Trianthema representation of the polypetalous plant species. portulacastrum (aizoaceae), Trigonella corniculata During our field visits plant samples were collected (fabaceae), Triumfetta rhomboidea (tiliaceae), and from agricultural lands, natural habitats, wastelands, Urena lobata (malavaceae) etc,. Among rarest plant fallow lands, road sides, parks, lawns, orchards, species are Abelmoschus moschatus (malvaceae), railway tracks, marshy places, rivers, ponds, lakes, Ammannia baccifera (lythraceae), Abrus precatorius river banks and other relevant localities to cover (fabaceae), Cayratia carnosa (vitaceae), Dolichos almost all the district in a systematic manner. biflorus (fabaceae), Jussiaea perennis (onagraceae), Identification was done mostly with live specimens in Mucuna prurita (fabaceae), Oligomeris linifolia the field itself but when it was not found possible then (resedaceae), Oxalis martiana (oxalidaceae), Urena plant samples were identified in the lab. After repanda (malvaceae), etc, of which only a few identification herbarium sheets were prepared. specimens were found. Infact only four plants of Herbarium sheets were deposited with the Hindu Abelmoschus moschatus were found to be cultivated College, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh. Identification was in the interiors of only two villages named Lakri and done with the help of various floras such as Hooker Manhor Pur. Whereas only a few plants of Ammannia (1883 – 1887), Duthies’ (1903 – 1929), Maheshwari’s baccifera were found to be growing near the river (1966), Kumar’s (2001) and Mishra and Verma’s Dhela, which is an ephemeral river, a tributary of river (1992). Identification of plant specimens was
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