i i v f w n i K i i REVIEW

OL. CXXXIX. NOVEMBER 15, 1946 NO. 3599

Advt. o f The General Electric Co. Ltd., Magnet House, Kingsway, London, W .C .2

f o u N 18 7 2 NINEPEHCE WEEKLY ■ E?i ii E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w November 15, 19-W

-U4.

“ B i g B e n ” is always up to the minute, never falling a step behind or

getting one in front. Unlike Big Ben, we at S a n d e r s -W e d n e s b u r y endeavour to be always a step in front, but the abnormal conditions’ of today unfortunately will not permit us to keep pace with the demand for our products. Shortage of supplies, restrictions, etc., are gradually being overcome—meantime, modifications to existing ranges and entirely new designs are being planned to keep Sanders switchgear, fusegear, sockets, plugs, etc., “ up to the minute.”

WM. SANDERS & CO. (WEDNESBURY) LTD., WEDN ESBURY, STAFFS. I ä %1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w WHO S eyeJ?

As a Builder of homes for the people it’s my job to ensure efficient equipment for the occupants—dor example, an ever- ready supply of hot water. The Heatrae people must have “ looked through my eyes ” when they produced their 1^ gal. automatically - controlled Electric Water Heater for kitchen sinks. It is the ideal type to ensure “ Bouquets for Builders ” from grateful housewives.

leaders in electric water heaters

HEATRAE LTD., NORWICH GRAMS : HEATRAE, NORWICH PHONE: NORWICH 25131

REPAIRS TAG TERMINALS TheWESTMINSTERENG. Co. Ltd. Victoria Road, Willesden Junction, N.W.IO FOR WIRELESS AND SIM ILAR A W ID E R A N G E O F CONNECTIONS SIZES IN STOCK ROSS COURTNEY *ltc°° ASHBROOK ROAD, LONDON N.l

B A N JO E N D S

Makers of all 1500 kVA Turbo Generator Stator and Rotor types of repe­ Entirely Rewound tition products from the bar in Makers of Electric Welding Machines all metals Photo Printing and Process Arc Lamps “ Partridge ” Pressure Detectors |MCLa"° repetition u ? Telephone : Telegrams : I pOOL LANE - LANGLEY • BIRMINGHAM Elgar 7372 (2 lines) “ Regency, Phone, London."

A 2 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

JOSEPH SANKEY & SONS L° BILSTON STAFFS.

LONDON OFFICE: 168 REGENT STREET. LONDON 1

E.R.2 November 15, 1946 ELECTRICAL REVIEW 3

£nfLl*k ZUcttLC DISTRIBUTION FUSEBOARDS TYPE ‘SM’

30 and 60 Amps Rating Available up to 12 W ays

Rapid cabling facilities

Incorporating H.R.C. Fuses Category of duty 440 A .C . 4

WRITE FOR PUBLICATION No.

THE ENGLISH ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITED London Office : QUEEN'S HOUSE, K1NGSWAY, LONDON, W.C.2 FUSEGEAR WORKS - - - STAFFORD 4 flLECTRICAL REVIEW November 15, 1946 amaqe IN TRANSIT-

o f Cables travelling through “ Walsall Conduit. They arrive at the other end in the same condition as when they start — unruffled and not frayed.

WALSALL CONDUITS LTD - WEST BROMWICH STAFFS November 15, 1946 ELECTRICAL REVIEW 5

THE BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON COMPANY LIM ITED. WILLESDEN, ENCLAND A3663 6 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946 R e v i e w 7

All the better, if we may para - phrase, to do your drilling with! The

(ONSOLIDATEP [3 neVM ATIC ' T O fi L C Ó. L T D.

23Ź DAWES ROAD LONDON

AIR COMPRESSORS PNEUMATIC TOOLS ELECTRIC TOOLS DIESEL ENGINES ■ VACUUM PUMPS • CONTRACTORS' EQUIPMENT ROCK DRILLS • DIAMOND DRILLS ■ OIL WELL TOOLS 8 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w November 15, New & Reconditioned THE BEST WORK DEMANDS THE ELECTRICAL BEST LIGHT EQUIPMENT For Sale A.C. Motors ONE 450 H.P. RECONDITIONED PROTECTED TYPE SLIP RING M O TO R, by “ B .T.H .” , 400 volts, 3 phase, 50 cycles, 480 r.p.m., fitted with three pedestal type bearings ; motor mounted on cast iron baseplate. Complete with Liquid Rotor Starter and Switch Cubicle containing triple-pole oil circuit breaker. ONE—200 H.P. RECONDITIONED TOTALLY EN­ CLOSED FAN COOLED SLIP RING MOTOR, by E .E.C., 400/440 volts, 3 phase, 50 cycles, 725 r.p.m. ; fitted with ball bearings and having third outer pedestal roller bearing ; motor mounted on fabricated base­ plate. Complete with " Ellison ” Oil Immersed Rotor Starter and " Ferguson Pailin ” O il Immersed Circuit breaker. D.C. Motors O N E— 200 H.P. R EC O N D IT IO N ED OPEN TYPE SH U N T IN TERPO LE M O TO R, by " Bruce Peebles," 440 volts D .C ., 635 r.p.m. ; fitted with three pedestal type ring oil bearings ; motor mounted on cast iron baseplate. ONE—114 H.P. RECONDITIONED PROTECTED TYPE SH U N T IN TERPO LE M O TO R, by “ Mavor & Coulson,” 500 volts D .C ., 750 r.p.m. ; fitted with two end shield ring oil bearings. ONE—110 H.P. RECONDITIONED DRIP PROOF THE D & G W O U N D M OTOR, by “ B .T.H .” , 500 volts D .C ., 740 r.p.m. : fitted with two endshield ring oil bearings. Diesel Alternator Sets GIRDER ONE—200 k.w. DIRECT-COUPLED DIESEL DRIVEN A LTERN A TIN G SET, comprising 300 b.h.p. " Williams & Robinson ” 4-cylinder Vertical Blast-lnjection Diesel Engine direct coupled to 250 k.v.a. " Brush ” 0-8 p.f. FITTINGS Alternator, 3,300 volts, 3 phase, 50 cycles ; together with Step-down Transformer, 3,300 volts/440 volts, • Gives Concentration o f Light on 3 phase, 50 cycles. Engine rebuilt by makers in 1945. ONE—35 kVA DIRECT-COUPLED DIESEL DRIVEN the JOB. A LTERN A TIN G SET, comprising 45 b.h.p. 4-cylinder Vertical Cold-Starting Diesel Engine, by " Ruston & • Shielded from operator’s eyes. Hornsby," direct coupled to 35 kVA Alternator by “ W . H. Allen,” 440 volts, 3 phase, 50 cycles. • Horizontal or Vertical Mounting. Welding Equipment • Single, Double or Three Arm O N E— M ODERN 60 kVA “ Metro-VIck ” Flash Butt W elder, suitable for welding solid steel sections from Extension. ■2 to 3 5 sq. In. Input 400/440 volts, 3 phase, 50 cycles. • Illustrated Catalogue sent on Further particulars andprices on application request. W e hold stocks of Generating DRAKE & GORHAM Plant, Alternators, Dynamos, Motors, Transformers, WHOLESALE LTD. Switchgear, Welders, Plating 77 LONG ACRE. LONDON, W.C.2 Sets, Electric Tools, etc., etc. Telephone : TEMple Bar 3993 Send your enquiries and offer your M A N CH ESTER-29 Piccadilly. surplus plant to : B RIG H TO N —24 Marlborough Place. GLASGOW -182 St. Vincent Street. BRISTOL—2 & 4 Church Street, Temple. DUBLIN—2 Church Lane, College Green. THO? w. Wa r d ltd Midland Representative : ,ku- ALBION WORKS ■ cur ' The Symbol of SHEFFIELD W. T. BOWER, 184 Jockey Road, Sutton Coldfiel Adaptability and ease of fitting are two of the outstanding features of the Consumer’s Service Unit. The supply intake, main switch and consumer’s fuse chambers are in one compact assembly and can be arranged to suit all conditions; this also makes the work of supply authori­ ties and contractors much easier by eliminating a diversity of apparatus and tortuous wiring. Full details are contained in our pub­ lication No. 204B.

CONSUMER'S

Sekvice U n it

BRITISH INSULATED CALLENDER’S CABLES LIMITED NORFOLK HOUSE, NORFOLK STREET, LONDON W.C.2 1 0 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946 O V ER LAMP REFLECTORS THORIDX FOR GAS FILLED LAMPS FOR EASY MAINTENANCE—THE BEST.

W att. T S 170 12" 40-60 11" 8 1 - T S 175 14" 100 U " 9/9 T S 177 14" 150 11" 9/9 T S 904 14" 100 BC 18/- T S 906 14" 150 BC 18/6 6 6 1 % T S 908 14" 150 ES 19/9 SLIP-IT-ON. T S 910 16" 200 ES 2 1 / 6 Advance. T S 912 18" 300 G 30/6 SLIP-IT-OFF. T S 914 18" 500 G 33/- OVER THE LAMP T S 916 20" 750/1000 G 38/6 FOR CLEANING.

Thorlux Overlamp Maintenance Scheme. Have one spare clean reflector. Remove dirty one (lift, turn, and it’s off). Replace with clean one. Repeat over whole installation. Thorlux Wiring Box. Remove Lid, connect Mains and Earth, Replace Lid—Job’s done (The Wiremm's Friend). A SUCCESSFUL & MOST POPULAR HIGH QUALITY REFLECTOR IN I ARfiF DEMAND BY GOVERNMENT DEPTS., LARGE & SMALL INDUST r i a l P L A N T S SAMPLES—With Pleasure.

FTelegram W THORPE s THOR LUX, B’HAM 28LTD.Ä r re°eaS Telephone: BIRMINGHAM SPR/f/cr/r! ^ * ¿9 .R ( j l £ t ° 3 3 / 8 - 9 V c A t a £ e the con; .lA\ SVt^V' ■ J & & - \VdY\ x\atots vaV \tv< f v o a ï tVvVs tto V* O V v^Ai>r ltV p t o b V e ^ tace«' v j O ü ï •e sse s qtab^sad°? \ r e l^ ectttf Ptoc«

V °U ttoLoiTe^ fEV ectto^ e^\C^etaVs. iss^ si \\a r

A o C t e * - E q u i p s

c o tv t t' f e t tVve tVve > tever Lea n s V A v e i t t * do LcaV V idW d e c t f i x\ a t o t b Y tvo C o ’^ p d t e S Lti o t v ot t e ed iot1 ttv » 1 be f T V ° t o .T Lat i c L t O t O ' b la tv < A»* b u V W o t - :oV C o tv tt*

■A.N T I ECjULATO R S

F E R R A N T I L T D . , H o l l i n w o o d , L a n c s . London 0 # « : Kern House, Kmgsu'ay. W.C .-

j - 1 2 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COC BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC' AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BEI ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECMjf FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND C O « A BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BEI ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELEC T R IC ^ J^ JD COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COC BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLIN^LECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC- AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BEI ELECTRIC FIRES AND CO' &S BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES - COOKERS BELLING EL& yRES AND COOKERS BEI0NIG ELECTRIC ^RES AND COOKERS BEI ELECTRIC FIRES AND COT ELLING ELECTS FI AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COC BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES 20KER S BELI RIC FIRES AN^fcpOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC' AND COOKERS BELLING LI A | eU FIRES AND COOKERS BEI ELECTRIC FIRES AND CO' ESW n B b U O ^ ELLIN G ELECTRIC FIRES' COOKERS BELLING ELECT! 'F'RRS a H AN D C O O K ERS BEI ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKEI E L I^ Ł p ^ l^ COOKERS B E L L IN ^ L e CTRIC FIRES AND COC BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AI OOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COol®RS BELLING ELECTRIC- AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BEI ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES' COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BEI ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COC BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC- AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BEI BELLING & COMPANY, LTD., BRIDGE WORKS, ENFIELD, MIDDX. Telephone: Howard 1212

ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COC BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC- AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKFRS RFI ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING ELECTRIC FIRES AND COOKERS BELLING k, ECTRIC FIRES

GRC323 November 15, 1946 Electrical Review 13 THE NEW BUSH DAC 90 RADIO SET in its black moulded plastic cabinet. The design of the cabinet, the design and manufacture of the moulds and the production of the mouldings were all entrusted t o ......

He la Hue Tlasttcs ltd Imperial House, Regent St., London, W .l. Telephone: Regent 2901 a i \i i EE IQ Cl SS :e BE *: 10 BSE i i 0 1 vc: EEC! 0 0 ! I* 0 0 ! 3 « : IBS* X®!

gi«: £5? 500! J it* & November i5, 1946 1 4 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w ASHTON

Types for every purpose

Insist on ASHTON The wide range of ‘ ASH TO N ’ Cables, Flexibles Cables, Flexibles and and Cords includes types and finishes to meet Cords and be sure of every requirement. the best. Supplied to Manufactured under the strictest laboratory super­ H.M. Government Departments and all vision throughout and finished to perfection, they Electrical and Allied are of the finest quality obtainable. Trades. Supplies are available from numerous distributors throughout the country, but in case of difficulty in obtaining your requirements write direct to the LCF2 m akers. R eview 15 November 13,

THE EDISON SWAN ELECTRIC CO. LTD., 155 CHARING CROSS ROAD, LONDON, W.C.2 November 15, 1 ^4 6 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 1 6

lURAWIR!

£HJ(U WIRES

tytułurUhtf

YOUR ELECTRICAL WORK AND BE SURE S o le Manufacturers : DURATUBE & WIRE LTD.. FELTHAM . MIDDLESEX

ELECTRICAL PRODUCTS FOR THE MODERN ENGINEER ELECTRIC SOLDERING IRONS (4 M O D E L S ) INSTRUMENT. WIRELESS. UNIVERSAL GENERAL PURPOSE FOR VOLTAGES FROM 6—250 NEON 3 MODELS INDICATOR FROM STOCK FOR GLOW LAMPS ANY VOLTAGE OVER -■ C S S S » » 100 VOLTS HIGH QUALITY WIRELESS AND in s t r u m e n t MODELS illustrated Other products include ELECTRIC WELDING AND BRAZING MACHINES • PLUG TESTERS MAINS TESTERS ASK FOR FULLY ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE THE ACRU ELECTRIC TOOL MANUFACTURING^T^ TiTT 123 HYDE ROAD, ARDWICK, MANCHESTER, 12. Phone a d ' *aRD 4284 Electrica! Review November 15. 1946 REBUILDING?

LLIPS LTD., LONDON, S.E.7 E lectrical Review Sovem bei 1 5 , 1 9 4 6

England — mg Englan

All our past proclaims our future ;

Shakespeare's voice and Nelson’s hand.

Milton’s faith and Wordsworth’s trust, in this our chosen, chainless land.

Bear u« witness ; come the world against her,

England yet shall stand. Swinburne. K * fc * A * L Issued by Rowlands Electrical Accessories, Ltd Birmingham England 19 November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w

L t* i. hi I 0 (1 . r—IT.. ..

r « ■ 1 ' ' 1 t ''s * i t I : Vi I I It !«#!#* H i 1 la J *W iH I llüi'WJ:'-'

! ■! *> 1

I » ■

I 1 ,r CIRCUIT-BREAKERS FOR RANGE 5 SWITCHGEAR UP TO 250 MVA ATIIkV

HEBBURN-ON-TYNE ENGLAND November 15, 1946 2 0 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w

H a w k in s

4P™ G AND|P o w e r pre-view EQUIPMENT Here are examples of what quantity produc­ tion and new manufac­ turing methods achieve for the famous Hawkins Supreme Products.

NewAluminium K ettle, 4 pint—1250 watt immersion ele­ ment. Cat. No. LGH 700.

H air Dryer, known the world over. Cat. No. LGH 95722. Before putting in large New Electric Reflec­ to r F ire , 1000 w a t t- ooiler installations it is a good adjustable. Cat. No. LG H 113. thing to be able to see the job ‘ in the

New Clip-on Bed round ’ so that site problems can be smoothed Lig ht with switch con­ trol-attractive ivory out at the start and construction speeded up. finish with red or green candle. Cat. No. LGH That is why, in addition to good design, good 318. fabrication and adequate construction drawings,

Mirror Halo Bowl International Combustion Ltd. frequently pro- Pendant, 18 diameter. Cat. No. LGH 269285. yjjg sca|e mocje|s Gf their boiler installations.

New Electric Fan, It is an extra service which is much appreciated. adjustable for desk, table or wall bracket — guard and blades The Technical Staff of International Combustion beautifully finished in are always ready to bring their exceptional cream with the stand experience to any steam-raising problem. in either red or green. Cat. No. LGH 920. Prices on application

L. G. HAWKJNS & C O . L T D . , 3 0 /3 5 D r u r y L a n e , L o n d o n ,' W.C.a. Telephone Tem ple B ar 5S1 1 . INTERNATIONAL COMBUSTION LTD

NINETEEN WOBURN P U C E W.C., « November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 21

1. Vertical Draw-out Switchgear 6.6 kV, 250 MVA for Intake. FOR FACTOR

WORKS Engineers facing the problem of Electrical Extensions or m odernization of Switchgear should w rite for PUB. NO. B. 285.

2 .

2. 400 Volt A.C. Distributor board with 18 Fuse-Switch Circuits.

440/220 Volts D.C. Distribution board supplied from rectifier fitted with 15 Fuse-Switch Circuits.

8/89

THE BRUSH ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING CO. LTD. LOUGHBOROUGH, ENGLAND TURBO-GENERATORS, TRANSFORMERS, E.H.T. and M.T. SW ITCHGEAR, A.C. and D.C. MOTORS and GENERATORS BATTERY ELECTRIC VEHICLES and TRUCKS, TRACTION EQUIPMENT, BUS and COACH BODIES

BRANCHES : London, Birmingham, Cardiff, Manchester, Bath, Leeds, Newcastle, Glasgow, Belfast, Dublin. 2 2 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

From its unique range of Communications Test Gear MARCONI INSTRUMENTS LTD can now offer the UNIVERSAL IMPEDANCE BRIDGE TYPE TF 575D

fgjQ SPH Designed for the direct measurement of inductance, capacitance and resistance over exceptionally wide ranges, the instrum ent is a p ro d u ct of Marconi pioneer experience in radio engineering.

Full specification available on request. MARCONI INSTRUMENTS ITD ST. ALBANS, HERTFORDSHIRE • Telephone: ST. ALBANS 4323/6 M. Northern Office: 30 ALBION STREET, H U LL Phone: Hull 16144 Western Office : 10 PORTVIEW ROAD, AVONM OUTH. Phone : Avonmouth 438 Southern Office: 109 EATON SQUARE, LO N DON , S.W.I. Phone: Sloane 8615

THE “ FLUXITE QUmS " AT WORK "W hy does Ihit happen to me f T his iron has gone cold on me, see I Stuck fast, good and tight F ixed hard tcilh FLUXITE 1'U be sunk if we don’t get it free.”

For all SOLDERING work—you need FLU XITE- fl"x—w|th wh>ch even dirty m etal, are tmned- For the Jointing of lead -without solder and the " running ” of white metal bearings—without “ tinning " the bearing.

ALU M IN U IM a h METALS-exceptlng E L E C T R IC a i ° * n be U5ed w lth on R,CAI- *nd other sensitive apparatus. W ith F L U X I T E joints can be •• wiped ” success­ fully that are impossible by any other method. Pv,

want ? UN ” Puts F L U X ,T E where you _want It by a simple pressure. Price 1/6 or filled 2/6 r iP X I T E SIMPLIFIES ALL SOLDERING Write for Leaflets on Case- Hardening steel orwT'r™ ™ ™ "^I with F L C X I T E , also ori ” W iped " joinU “" P ™ * Tools WORKS : ENFIELD, MIDDLESEX @ E.R.44 I FLU X iTE LTD. (Dept. R.E.), B.rmong" l d , November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l r e v i e w 2 3

Sour years before Ohm In the late eighteenth century the physicists of the world were pursuing a new quarry — applied electricity. The science was emerging from the laboratory and approaching the factory. These years saw the foundation

] of a firm which has played a great part in the history of the electrical m industry—Thomas Bolton. They have co-operated with manufacturers toit Ul|« from the days of teething troubles until the present moment. They will 0! continue to co-operate with this as with other great industries. \ti i IM Hai «•' LU» MBkl n,cll THOMAS ■BOLTON, & SONS. LTD. '.lii «Hi «inf «Iff ippst "no pl. woHd; rao ,iui Specialists since 1783 wl*t; jr fiW1 COPPER AND COPPER ALLOY MANUFACTURERS. WIRE, SHEET, STRIP. STRAND. PLATES. BARS, fi RODS, TUBES. SECTIONS, MACHINED PARTS. T0 Contractors to Home, Colonial & Foreign Government Services ; Railway & Transport Companies HEADOFFICE: WIDNES,LANCS.(TelephoneWIDNES2022); LONDON OFFICE; 16 8 REOENTST., W.l.(REGENT 6427-8-9)

November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l r e v ie w 2 5

• mouldings for industry 0 moulding powders v 0 resins solid, powdered or in solution, for all classes of bonding work

0 insulating varnishes 0 cements and lacquers

0 anti-friction resins for fabric bearings 0 casting resins 0 capping cements • paint resins 0 filling compounds 0 sealing fluids

Full information and data from :—SA LEfS DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT BIRKBYS LTD., LIVERSEDGE, YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND 26 Electrical Review November 15, 1946 FL UORESCENTLight in a NEW setting!

UNIQUE "P E R S P E X ” FITTING IN FROSTED PEARL FINISH This unique “ Perspex ” fitting in radiant FROSTED PEARL finish puts Fluorescent Light in a new and beautiful setting that lends itself perfectly to a host of decorative lighting uses. Top is open for maximum upward light ; under part is an open-work scroll in clear “ Perspex " allowing full downward light. In two sizes, to fit standard 4 ft. o r 5 ft. Tube. Designed and made by O ’Connor Electrical Industries Ltd. Write to-day for full details. LIST PRICE (Fitting only) ... £11.5.0 Plus Purchase Tax, £2 . 10.0 O'CONNOR Dept. B.. 79 & 80 PETTY FRAN CE. LO N D O N . S.W .I Telephone : WHITEHALL 4208 (3 lines)

NICKEL. CADMIUM AND ZINC BARREL PLATING FOR THE TRADE

For instrument work, domestic and industrial apparatus and power control plant. Standard switches available or designed to any individual requirement. LONDON Write for catalogue or technical advice. S.E. 13. THE MERCURY SWITCH MANUFACTURING CO. LTD. Phonc-LEE GREEN 3491 WEST DRAYTON : MIDDLESEX— — . Horsepower Volts r. p. m. lbs per sq.inch pressure.

TAKING NOT MORE THAN 4* TIMES full load current when started by switching direct on to the supply mains, this Mather & Platt 3,000 H.P. 3,000 Volt, 3,000 r.p.m. Squirrel Cage Motor drives a Mather & Platt Boiler Feed Pump operating at a pressure of 3,000 lb. per sq. inch.

MATHER & PLATT LTD PARK WORKS MANCHESTER 10 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

Pulley wheel to carry control cables for rudder and ailerons on Horsa glider, marhwed from Bakelite Laminated.

BAKELITE

<$> REGD. TRADE MARKS LAMINATED for hard service

Bakelite Laminated combines lightness with re­ markable toughness. It is resistant to water, heat, acid, chemicals, oils, abrasion . . . gives excellent electrical properties . . . and can be machined to fine limits. The tensile strength of one standard grade exceeds 18,000 lb. per square inch. Available in 40 different grades and a variety of forms including sheets up to 6 inches thick, rods, tubes and special shapes. Further information on request. BAKELITE LIMITED • CONSTANT A.C. OUTPUT Pioneers in the Plastics World • WIDE A.C. INPUT LIMITS 18 GROSVENOR GARDENS ■ LONDON S.W. I • ENTIRELY AUTOMATIC T59 • QUICK ACTION The constant A.C. input voltage called ■ Products by for in so many modem industrial and laboratory applications is provided with maximum accuracy and reliability by B.A.T. Automatic Voltage Regu­ BEVCiBEE lators. Seven standard nominal ratings are carried in stock, 10-2,500 W atts, IS • FLUORESCENT giving 230V ± 5% with 190-255 input. Other ratings to special order. CHOKES Excellent deliveries can be arranged, mostly from stock. • MAINS No priority or “M ” Certificates TRANSFORMERS needed. Please request Bulletin V.R. 10744 for complete data. • HOME CHARGERS ALSO SUPPLIERS OF Static Mains Transformers of all types I We will be pleased to make trans­ and " Varloc ” Infinitely variable voltage formers to custom ers’ specifications. regulating transformers. All enquiries to :— 1 SOLE AGENTS for Home & Export (except Midlands)' I B A R R IER ELECTRICAL AND RADIO LABORATORY APPARAiyS ETC I ¡ , . s L ( d . ,

180 Tottenham Court Road, London,W.l I K,NG ST" BR,?»TON 1, SUSSEX B Phone Brighton 4456. A n d 76 O ld hall S tre e t. Liverpool 3, Lancs November 1 5 , 1 9 4 6 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 2 9

¿¡EmIRS EARTH LEAKAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS

30 Amps. 500 Volts A.C. 50 Cycles DOUBLE POLE Complying with All-Insulated B.S. Specification 842— 1939

Leaflet No. 155 sent on application SIEMENS ELECTRIC LAMPS AND SUPPLIES LIMITED 38-39 UPPER THAMES STREET, LONDON, E.C.4

fy je jcfrd e ihueJcA

HARBOROUGH CONSTRUCTION CPU? HARBI LT WORKS • MARKET HARBOROUGH - LEICESTERSHIRE

London Office : 5 , Victoria Street, London, S.W. 1 Tel.: Abbey 1624 November 15, 1946 3 0 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w

Modern Electrical efficient Engineering Wholesale Mathematics by S. AUSTEN STIGANT The most recent application of mathe­ Service! matical methods to electrical engineering problems are here fully treated. Fully illustrated with diagrams. 30/- _ WIRING EQUIPMENT, ■ B.S.S. CONDUIT & FITTINGS, - C. M. A CABLES & FLEXIBLES, _ __ ------WITCH & FUSE GEAR, Worked Examples • " " SANDERS, FLE.M., CRABTREE, ------in ------BRfTMAC, M.K., WYLEX, TENBY . Electrotechnology ------ELMA LAMPS, n z n ------by W. T. PRATT, APPLIANCES & FIT TINGS, B.Sc., A.C.G.I., D.I.C., A.M.I.E.E. ZZZZ FLUORESCENT L GHTING, — This collection of over 200 graded worked WASHBOILERS, — examples in Electrotechnology will be of considerable assistance to students who . VAN DORN AND WOLF TOOLS. = intend to sit for the Preliminary and Inter­ • mediate Grade Examinations of the City Send enquiries and orders to ; and Guilds in Electrical Engineering — Practice. Illustrated. 12/6 RD JOHNSON, CLAPHAM & MORRIS L T D . HUTCHINSON’S 7-9, SWAN STREET, MANCHESTER. 4. Scientific & Technical Publications 'Phone: DEAnsgate 5491

HEAD OFFICE JACEM HOUSE. TRAFFORD P a r k M/c 17.

V/te 'lùuaCStaad ib t iF m n u fk

of OJW

LSO ••Corrujolnt” All-Metal Gas­ A kets. Taylor's Corrugated Packing, Copper Joints and Washers, Com­ pressed Asbestos Jointings, Shims and Kinghorn Type Metallic Valves, tabwashers to specifications. Write Jvr Buuklet. MATTHEWS & YATES Heating and Ventilating Engineers SW INTON (Manchester) & LONDON CORRUGATED PACKING * « . S W Inton 8273 (4 tines). LONDON, Chancery 7823 (3 Hnes) GLASGOW • LEEDS • BIRMINGHAM CARDIFF AND SHEET METAL CO LTD ^ full Technical Date tupplitd on quoting rtf EFtylO A GATESHEAD - ON - TYNE ' 31 November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w

¿ c m x l c r v THE tower bridge The last of the Thames bridges east ° f London. Designed by Sir Horace Jones and Sir J. Wolfe Berry. Completed 1894. On the right of the picture the Tower of London is seen in the distance

CRYSE

MADE IN ENGIAN D

f if t y y e a r s of QUALITY & SERVICE

LONDON BIRMINGHAM BURY ST EDMUNDS LEEDS MANCHESTER BRIGHTON CARDIFF LEICESTER LIVERPOOL NEWCASTLE BRISTOL GLASGOW

C R Y S E L C O LIMITED, KEMPSTON WORKS, BEDFORD November 15, 1946 3 2 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w

Æ PROTECTS PROFITS

One of these infallible automatic counters on a machine makes expensive over-production or time-wasting under-production ,mpossible. You can see at a glance exactly what has been turned out. There is a TRUMETER for every requirement-counting up to seven figures, n revolutions and stroke, measuring in yards, feet or metres and fractions thereof and recording r.p.m. of shafts, etc. Illustrated is TRUMETER SENIOR Rev. Counter, for coil-winding machines, measuring machines, conveyor belts, etc. W rite for details of the TRUM ETER that will help Y O U . TRUMETER CO. LTD. (Dept. ER/8) Sunnyside Works, Leicester Rd. S A L F O R D 7 (Associated with Measure-Meters Co. Ltd.)

TCt

CHARLTON ELECTRIC STORAGE WATER HE A T E R S

Standardised production . . . for greater output

We would like to meet the whims and fancies of your customers. We believe it is the customer’s right to have the widest possible choice . . . and one day we will cater for that right. Blit meantime we are tooled up to achieve the greatest possible production of a small standard range of products — to serve the mass rather than the individual. The housing situation demands this course. Therefore, we must regretfully ask you to confine your orders to our standard products, sizes and loadings. Behind the scenes our development engineers and designers are planning products for the individual . .. but we will tell you about them when the time arrives.

BRITISH NATIONAL ELECTRICS LTn (Incorporating Archibald Low Electrics Ltd. and J.P. Tubular Heater Co l *7 ■ The Domestic Appliances Section of JO H N SO N & P H ILLIP S LIAaVw NEWARTHILL • MOTHERWELL •■ SCOTLANDSCOTLAND’ ,/v|l LED

BUI t'I S'B N a t i o n a l ” e l e d T"'r iT r o o T u ? 3 3 November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 15 , 1 ^ 4 6 3 4 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w Hov ember S.E.M. Ka h.p. MOTOR

SPARMETS

S.E.M. standard i h.p. single WOVEN WIRE phase capacitor motor BRAIDING FOR HOSE AND CABLE COVERING. A sta n d a rd 1 h.p,. single phase, capaci­ FLAT CONDUCTIVITY STRIP, ETC. tor motor that is ideal for all normal purposes has been designed and manufac­ I F R / T E FOB. BOOKLET TO.-— tured by S.E.M. engineers. SPARKLETS LIMITED The motor, which is equipped with WIRE WEAVING DIVISION. LONDON, N. 18 capacitor starting, is suitable for use on all the normal supply voltages. It is equipped with a simple and substantial centrifugal switch; has a high starting torque, and can be equipped with sleeve bearings in place of the standard ball­ bearings, where specially quiet running is L.T.P. required. It is enclosed ventilated, speed 1425 r.p.m . FOR In common with all S.E.M. machines, this motor is manufactured to the highest standards of mechanical detail and has TRANSFORMERS, passed rigid inspection tests.

— SMALL ELECTRIC MOTORS LTD.— CHOKES, MERCURY have specialized for over 30 years in making electrical machinery ARC RECTIFIERS and switchgear up to 10 kW capacity. They are experts in the design and manufacture of Write for latest Technical Brochure ventilating fans and blowers, motors, generators, aircraft and to motor generators, high-fre­ LONDON TRANSFORMER quency alternators, switchgear, PRODUCTS LTD. starters, and regulators. COBBOLD ESTATE, WlLLESDEN A SUBSIDIARY OF BROADCAST RELAY SERVICE LTD. LO N D O N , N.W 10 BECKENHAM • KENT W i/ 6486 November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 3 5

! youRr u i / f v J ■ I O 0 T P u m » v u l ,

wmmmmupz. s

4 0 Amp. 75 Amp. 125 A 250 Amp.

Instal Metrovick oil-break These starters can be sup­ METROVICK sw itch-starters for Sq uirrel- plied with ammeter, floor cage Motor applications. stand and various types of 01L-BREAK U p to 200 hp., up to 650 volts. cable fittings, and, except for the smallest size, can be SWITCH STARTERS Types : OSD Star-Delta fitted with an interlocked O SP Series-parallel isolator and arranged for OD Direct-on multi-panel board assembly. M a y we send you Descriptive Leaflets?

ELECTRICAL C O . L TD . H/A60I TRAFFORD PARK MANCHESTER 17.

E T R ! C K November 15, 1946 36 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 37

INSTRUMENT WIRES * STRANDS & BRAIDS TELEPHONE & RADIO CORDS & CABLES RESISTANCE WIRES • P.V.C. TUBINGS

L.P.S. ELECTRICAL CO. LTD ALPERTON • WEMBLEY . MIDDLESEX TELEPH O N E : PERIVALE 5621-2 TELEGRAMS : ENGINEYOR ■ PHONE • LONDON November 15, 1946 38 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w

TO JOIN THE ENDS OF THE EARTH HE new industrial era which lies before us will make heavier and T heavier demands upon world communications presenting a host of new problems. It is in the solution of such problems that the unique facilities of Standard Telephones and Cables Limited find their greatest expression. For many years at the forefront in this field of human endeavour, their vast resources and wide experience enable them to undertake any Telecommunication problem—whatever it may be and in whatever part of the world it may be found. Standard Telephones and Cables Limited TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERS Connaught House • Aldwych • London, W .C.2 Telephone : Holborn 8765 Telegrams : “ Relay, Telex, London ” 3 9 November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w

The Famous M.E.M Ironclad Switch Re-designed —with H.R.C. Fuses

M.E.M. designers have shown true leadership with B.S.S. 88/1939, A.C.4 and D.C.3. again. This new H.R.C. series is a triumph of Appearance, workmanship and finish of these compactness and adaptability. You can convert switches will win the admiration of engineers the standard switch to an H.R.C. fuse switch in everywhere. Yet this high quality equip­ a few moments. It is just as simple to convert ment is offered at reasonable prices. Only a triple pole unit to triple pole and neutral. M.E.M. intensive specialisation could pro­ Here is a new kind of versatility in switchgear.itchgear. duce suchsuci value. The “ Glasgow-Rex ” complies fully A descriptive list No. 278 is already with Home Office regulations and available. It gives full details of the the “ Kantark ” H.R.C. standard new “Glasgow-Rex” range, rated from cartridge fuses are in accordance 30-200 amps. Send for your copy now

Switch, fuse and motor control gear, electric fires and localised lighting equipment

MIDLAND ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING CO. LTD., BIRMINGHAM 11

BRANCHES IN LONDON & MANCHESTER November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w

THIS MARK IS YOUR GUARANTEE OF A GOOD QUALITY PRODUCT

BARE COPPER,CADMIUM COPPER & BRONZE*WIRES STRIP, STRAND, BARS, RODS, SECTIONS, TROLLEY WIRE, OVERHEAD LINES,TELEPHONE & TELEGRAPH WIRES, FINE WIRES, RADIO AERIAL WIRE,TAPES & BINDERS* COM MUTATOR COPPER, COPPER FORGINGS, FUSE WIRES, EARTH RODS, RAIL BONDS, ETC.

FREDERICK SMITH 9 . O . , ( Incorporated in The London Electric Wire Company and Sm iths Limited ANACONDA WORKWORKS, SALFORD•FORD, 3 LANCS Telephone: BLACKFRIARS 8701 (8 Lines) Telegram s: ANACONDA M a n c h e s t e r 41 November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w

The Fox . . But for its preservation by the various hunts, it is probable that this cunning “ varmint ” would have become extinct long ago. However, despite continual harrying by the hounds, his astuteness enables him to attain an average age of eight years. Unlike the Fox, the Westinghouse Metal Rectifier has a useful life and many copper-oxide equipments which were installed in 1926 are still giving excellent service. There is not enough experience yet to give a definite figure for the newer “ Westalite ” units, but laboratory experiments show that its potential length of life is even longer. It is definite, however, that there are no more reliable rectifiers than WESTINGHOUSE METAL RECTIFIERS WESTINGHOUSE BRAKE & SIGNAL CO. LTD. 82 YORK WAY, KING’S CROSS, LONDON, N.l J 4 2 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w Novem ber 1 5 , 1 9 4 6

HE GETS INTO EVERY H 0 M E . . We place this extra salesman ARIV». graphs of ttu at your hanimously. c tviet delegate said j been coordinated ,had engaged eight been of material . The Trading with be Danube and in (Treasury and Bo?#* disposal franiewot ">f the to three Orders nffi ey had a t 'oed the Enemy Act whit (S.R. and O's, 194 Their genera Hungarian \ - he in Hong and Custc perty accruin rization. (Hu :ed Kingdom at m e arising from ; ^he Treasury annj ^merits Agreen gary on Aug to.day, wjj Paper. Payn and export' terling

A good advertisement always does its job. And that reads the National and Provincial papers. part of your job, too. Kye Lamps, advertised Don’t disappoint them. Apply for your full for years on “ value-for-money ” lines, will find quota of these favourite shilling lamps. you many customers among the vast public (Purchase tax, 3d. extra.)

THE ONLY KYE BRITISH SHILLING LAMP

bached by years of consistent National Advertising

CROMPTON PARKINSON LIMITED Electra House. Victoria Embankment London November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 43

'’0 P 0 ;

eers

universal application of

Totally Enclosed Motors

V - I D ft TE 361- T O l loud»» Oflict. 32 Victoria St W

ii

November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 4 5

BUSINESS ?.w -

l > I M I * * MEET ALL HOUSE AND ESTATE REQUIREMENTS Snqistye and ZtectriccUly drtVeti FREE ADVICE. Lister’s Pump Service Dept, will co-operate with you and advise free on the most suitable; method of raising water. A.LISTER & CO. LTD. DURSLEY. GLOS. xri b-Ccvj, 2 ^ 7 / .

I B ran ches : L O N D O N • STAMFORD ^ GLASGOW . BELFAST . DUBLIN |

P\

Lionel Robinson & Co. Ltd. 3 Staple Inn London, W.C.I Telephon e - * H O L b o r n 6322 N or ember 1 5 , 1 9 4 6 46 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w

M A X I M U M DEMAND

IN KW A N D KVA

/"» < , ,> < - , . * / j " W * • ' -V - ' V v : ZMk t CHAMBERLAIN A H O OK H AM LTD -BIP AM November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 4 7

Pitchfordt November 15, 1946 48 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w Hie Qeiri electric travelling iron

VOLTAGES AS REQUIRED

ACTUAL SIZE

û ÎMÊm

, LEWIS e HILLER LTD MANILLA RD,SOUTHEND-ON-SEA.

(I

WHAT HOB OOMPH ? LEARNED COUNSEL MAY ARGUE GREAT JUDGES MAY LOSE SLEEP T H E PUBLIC MAY WONDER BUT EVERYBODY KNOWS THAT “HACKBRIDGE CABLE” QUALITY and DURABILITY l i r n r THERE IS NO ARGUMENT HtKt I THOSE qualified to judge may rest assured • AND THE GREAT PUBLIC NEED N O T DOUBT WHETHER OOMPH IS PART OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE OR NOT HACKBRiru-c UNDOUBTEDLY IN THE VOCABULARY OF EVERY GOOD ENGINEER WHEN REQUIRING CABLE Sole Midland Agents : RICH & PATTISON (B’HAM) LTD PHONES : MID. 0153-4-5 JAMAICA ROW, BIRMINGHAM 5 gram s : 'AN*GELICH •• Taped and Braided of all sizes in stock 49 November 1 5 , 1 9 4 6 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w

II

I _Jhe mouiny finyer u/rites; and, having writ,

lljoves on: nor a a your piety nor wit

0 S k a ll Iare it lack to cancel half a line, T Yjor a ll your tears wask out a word oj- it. II I Omar EVERSHEP &ViCNOLES LTD CHISWICK LONDON W4

6 CTRICAL INDICATING D RECORDING INSTRUMENTS

When writing please mention D 5/i8 November 15, 1946 5 0 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w iSSss,

n A 11 kl A i I ki A / S I I P I / I C \ t \ | | | November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 51

COMPAC TNE SS

Patent No. 525624 and others pending

. . . standardises and simplifies the control, -extension and maintenance of the domestic supply . . . Ensures householders safety from shock by shielding of internal metal parts and elimination of re-wirable fuses. One switch in control . . • Inter­ changeable components . . . Can be used with most meters . . . Complies with E.D.A. Specification. Full particulars on application to REVO ELECTRIC CO. LTD.,Tl PTON, STAFFS

C November 15, 1946 52 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w W H Y does he prefer OVERHEAD SERVICE ACCESSORIES ? Because he knows from long ex­ perience that HENLEY Overhead Service Accessories are simple to install and reliable in operation. Like all HENLEY Electrical Distribution Equipment they are designed by experts with long and specialised knowledge in this field. These are a few items selected from the very wide range of Accessories available.

100 amp.

OUTDOOR SERVICE FUSE (30 and 100 amp.). Fuse holder replaceable from ground. For mounting on exterior walls or overhead 30 amp. line poles. 100 amp. model also suitable for mounting with shackle insulator.

AERIAL SERVICE FUSE (30 amp.). Combining duties of both service tap and fuse. Suitable for in­ sulated or bare service AERIAL SERVICE FUSE wire. (30 and 60 amp.). The withdrawable fuse carrier can be sealed. Line w ires interlock if porcelain is broken.

ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION EQUIPMENT W . T. HENLEY’S TELEGRAPH WORKS CO. LTD., 51-53 HATTON GARDEN, E.C.I ELECTRICAL REVIEW Managing Editor : Hugh S. Pocock, M.I.E.E. N o v e m b e r 15, 1946 Technical Editor : Commercial Editor: C. O. Brettelle, M.I.E.E. J. H. Cosens Contents Page Page Editorial.—Circuit Breaking . 765 Employment and Wages . 790 Works Supply . 767 Commerce and Industry . 791 Views on the News . 772 Forthcoming Events . 796 Synthesizing Cooking Load. By Production in South W ales . . 797 G. O. McLean . . 773 Recent Introductions . . 799 Bombay Electrical Proposals . 776 Electricity Supply . 801 Personal and Social . 777 Teaching Electrical Methods. By Electrical Industries Ball . 779 R. L. Hodgson . 803 Network Design . 781 Financial Section . 805 Edmundsons’ Engineers . 781 Canadian Overseas Trade . 808 H.V. Gas-Cushion Cables . 782 New Patents . 809 Correspondence . . 783 Contract Information . . 81 1 The King’s Speech . 784 Modern Circuit-Breakers . 785 Classified Advertisements . 59 Meeting Domestic Demand . . 787 Index to Advertisers . 100

EDITORIAL, ADVERTISING & PUBLISHING OFFICES : Dorset House, Stamford St., London, S.E.I Telegraphic Address : “ Elecrev, Sedist, London.” Code : ABC. Telephone No. : Waterloo 3333 (50 lines). Registered at G .P.O . as a Newspaper and Canadian Magazine rate of postage. Entered as Second Class Matter at the New York, U.S.A., Post Office. Annual Subscription, post free : Great Britain and elsewhere (except Canada), £2 7s. 8d. ; Canada, £2 3s. 4d. Cheques and Postal Orders (on Chief Office, London) to be made payable to ELEC TR IC A L REVIEW LTD., and crossed ” Lloyds Bank.”

The Plugs and Sockets illustrated are only a few of the wide range of Electrical Accessories manufactured and available for essential purposes.

WARD & GOLDSTONE Lt d . P endleto n , M a n c h e s t e r . 6 ESTABLISHED OVER HALF A CENTURY 54 E lectrical Review November 15, 1946 “INKWELL" GRAPHERS

maintain their Leadership with these Exclusive Features

0 Instantaneous response—the pen travels across the chart in less than ird second with no overswing.

0 Low power consumption—A.C. Ammeters take less than 0.5 watt.

% High efficiency magnetic damping—ensures faithful records of widely varying loads.

WRITE FOR CATALOGUE SHEET 300 EVERETT EDGCUMBE COLINDALE WORKS LONDON, N.W.9 Telephone: COLIN DALE 6045

Manufacturers of all kinds of indicating and recording electrical instruments and photometry experts ELECTRICAL REVIEW THE OLDEST ELECTRICAL PAPER - ESTABLISHED 1872

Vol. CXXXIX. No. 3599. N O V EM B ER 15, 1946______9d. WEEKLY

iTltjJ'V £ ,dEV f W ' v \ Circuit Breaking* Views of British Switchgear Makers

AST week’s well attended meeting at make pertinent criticisms based on oper­ 1J the Institution of Electrical Engineers ating experience and conveyed an idea of testified to the interest taken in the develop­ the extent to which progress has been ment of high-voltage switchgear since healthily stimulated as a result of technical papers on the subject were presented in a competition between the two types. double bill two and a half years ago. Making full allowance for conservatism, Investigations into the application of the continued faith shown in the technical resistance switching to air-blast breakers merits of oil as an arc quencher can be then described by Messrs. H. E. Cox and regarded as warranted by the reliability T. W. Wilcox have been transferred to record of British switchgear. The ex­ oil breakers in their present paper. In the pression “ bogey ” was freely used during other, paper Messrs. A. Allan and D. F. the discussion in regard to risks of ex­ Amer are chiefly concerned with aero­ plosion and fires—reasonably so since, on dynamic problems linked with successful any statistical basis, the risk has proved to air-blast operation at 66 and 132 kV; it be very small—again with British designs. was in effect a follow-up of the earlier paper by authors on the staff of the same Air-Blast Auxiliaries manufacturing concern, who dealt with No doubt the scales are weighted against the influence of rate of rise of restriking the air-blast system by some lingering mis­ voltage on both oil and air-blast designs, trust (due to caution rather than to with especial reference to MVA rating. prejudice) regarding the dependability of All the authors are members of manu­ extraneous and relatively complicated non­ facturing concerns which have long estab­ electrical auxiliaries required for supplying lished international reputations in regard compressed air. Any difficulties of this to the first type and are among the five nature, however, are from the evidence which are now producing air-blast breakers offered merely teething troubles. A point as the result of many years of intensive of some importance that emerged was that research. unit testing of breakers of all kinds furnishes a quite satisfactory method of Non-Odious Comparisons assessing performance, thus adding There was, therefore, no question of any appreciably to the effective range of the intent to provide a ground for debate on A.S.T.A. proving stations. the relative merits of the two systems, as As regards performance under oper­ the President pointed out. Nevertheless, ating conditions there appears to be little it was almost inevitable that the subsequent to choose between oil and air-break switch­ discussion should turn very much on a by gear. Economics at present favour the no means odious comparison. There was former, although with the wiping off of nothing to complain of in this, as it development charges for the newer method, enabled users and their consultants to improvements in air-compression technique November 15, 1946 766 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w

and a reduction of current-transformer tion ” as the subject of his Kelvm Lecture costs, capital expenditure may be expected in 1943) deprecates the use of such ex­ to tend towards equality. Growth of pressions as “ electronic brain because electrical load will probably raise breaking they ascribe to the A.C.E. capabilities it capacities on the grid well above present does not possess. Professor G. W. O. maximum figures, in some cases in associa­ Howe has spoken in similar vein. The use tion with 264 kV, when the advantages of the A.C.E. is, of course, no substitute may well he with air-blast breakers. In for the thought entailed in organizing the any case it is clear that whatever design is computations. It eliminates brain-weary­ required to suit future conditions, it can ing tasks somewhat in the way that auto­ be produced of a quality that will easily matic machines in factories may call for maintain the high traditions of switchgear a higher grade of labour in setting up, makers in this country. supervision and adjustment than in carry­ As was generally ex- ing out purely manual work of a physically Nationaliza- pected, the King’s Speech tiring kind. tion at the opening of Parlia- S c a r c i t y of labour and Imminent ment on Tuesday con­ Financial materials is a common tained a reference to the Assistance handicap to industry but Government's proposal to bring the the obtaining of the neces­ electricity supply industry under public sary finance or credit on reasonable terms ownership. We may therefore anticipate is sometimes even more difficult. It was a Bill in the course of the next few months for this reason that the Industrial & Com­ which will at last reveal the form which mercial Finance Corporation, Ltd., was nationalization will take. While the established last year by the Bank of England necessity for such a measure may still be and joint stock banks. Its object is to questionable, the fact remains that in the make advances, ranging from £5,000 to face of the Government’s intention to £200,000 to encourage the commencement proceed with it the industry must accept or expansion of suitable business enter­ the principle and exercise what influence prises. During its first year it provided it can to ensure that the public will secure assistance in 133 cases to the extent of the best possible service and that existing over £5 million. It is a sign of the con­ undertakings shall be fairly treated. tinuing expansion of electrical engineering

N u m e r o u s works of that it was the chief individual branch of Frankenstein fiction have portrayed industry to benefit from the Corporation’s machines that developed operations. It took 7 per cent of the life-like personalities not intended by their total advances, i.e., £357,200. inventors. Such imagined monsters do T h i s week Mr. Shin well, not appeal to the sense of wonder more Coal Minister of Fuel and than do many modern automatic engineer­ Supplies Power, said that in ing devices. Indeed their powers appear September the weekly con­ primitive before those of the electronic sumption of coal by electricity undertakings automatic computing engine, developed in went up by 59,000 tons as compared with the mathematics division on the National September, 1945. He was satisfied that Physical Laboratory, which can give users could be more economical; a further answers to the most complex calculations appeal would be made to them, but it and co-ordinate the results at a speed and might be necessary to have a more rigid with an accuracy that are far beyond what system of allocation. Stocks held by is humanly possible. The number of electricity undertakings at the end of unknown quantities that can be tackled September were equivalent to 3-4 weeks’ by this machine is said to be nearly a supply; a year earlier they represented hundred. 5-8 weeks’ supply. Mr. Shinwell said A t t r i b u t i o n of human that the deterioration in the quality of Misleading qualities to mechanical coal was due partly to the non-discrimin- Metaphor devices may lead the un­ atory flat-rate increases in prices which suspecting astray. In a provided no incentive for washing and letter to The Times, Professor D. R. cleaning. The National Coal Board was Hartree (who took “ mechanical integra­ looking into the matter. November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 767

W orks Supply Distribution from Private Plant and Public Supply in a Large Steelworks

Hi

The main source of 16 supply is from the grid at 66 kV and transformed * to 6 6 kV in the sub­ station on site ; supple­ mentary supplies are IK available from private I t generating plant (power 11II station on right) ¿Cs u HE three articles “ Steel Slab Pro­ the availability of exhaust steam from mill T duction,” “ Hot Strip Rolling ” and driving engines for the generation of “ Cold Strip Rolling ” published in electricity. This has resulted progressively JNl the Electrical Review of August 2nd, in a good deal of dovetailing of new plant me September 20th and October 18th, describing and system components with older equipment i® ,ro^ the production at the steelworks and rolling and components where the latter has still mills at Shotton, Chester, of John Summers been serviceable and efficient. Much of the a & Sons, Ltd., contained so much of interest in the present system therefore lies interest with regard to loadings and demands in why the present form has been adopted, for special purposes over this very large and it may be useful to review the principal .factory area that readers would be left stages in the development of the works unsatisfied without some knowledge of how which dates back to about 1900 when the these demands are met. We therefore supply system was 220 V d.c. From 1898 propose to outline in this article the works el £ supply and distribu­ tion system. The scheme is unique, not so much ltd# because of special ied É features called for by i fililí the production as it , bm now exists, but because re:; of its evolutionary de­ ield: velopment over many years to meet both the

, The principal works power W' station has a generating all $ plant capacity of 7,750 kW in four mixed-pressu re allí) turbo-alternator sets icrini »If growth of the works and changing con- to 1904 the No. 1 steelworks and the first jg £ ditions brought about by schemes of moderni- group of hand sheet mills were built. In 1910 rd« zation relating to both the production plant 2-2-kV generating plant was installed, and and the system itself, and in consequence of a year later further hand sheet mills were 768 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946 added. In 1917 the No. 2 steelworks and pressure Fraser & Chalmers turbines were No. 2 power station were put into com­ installed to replace the gas engines. As the mission, and this power station is now the works expanded the 200/220-V d.c. system became inadequate and it was decided to change over to a.c. for both the generation and the primary distribution. From 1910 to 1937 all the works supply w a s privately generated in the works power stations at 2,200 V, three phase, 50 cycles by mixed- pressure turbo-genera­ tors of sizes ranging from 500 kW to 3,750

The 2 2-kV overhead ring main is fed from No. 2 power station; 7,500 kVA transformer on left with A.R.P. protection

principal one at the works. Electrification kW. The turbines ran mainly on the low- of the principal sheet-mill drives took place pressure steam exhausted from the two (and in 1926 and 1927. In 1937 a public supply later four) reversing-mill engines which was inaugurated from the North Wales drove the sheet-bar mills. The turbines Power Company. In 1939-1940 slab mill changed over automatically to high-pressure and hot- and cold-strip mills were installed, steam when low-pressure steam was not and this year a reversing cold-strip mill, available. The total generating plant capacity skin-pass mills, and annealing plant have been added. Up to 1904 the 200/220-V d.c. supply was provided first by two small Parsons steam turbo-generator sets and two small vertical steam-engine sets operating with steam at 100 lb per sq in. These sets were later superseded by four Crossley gas engines coupled to

Control of the 6 6-kV nine-panel switchgear is centralized on boards in N o . 2 pow er station

Sandycroft generators and supplied from a was about 10,500 kW, and part of this plant gas producer. When the first steelworks was is still in operation. The reduction in the built and exhaust steam was made available private generation supply was brought from the bar-mill drive, two 500-kW mixed- about as the result of a change of rolling- November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w

mill practice made in 1939 when three of the reversing-mill engines were taken out of commission, so that the available supplies of low-pressure steam ! were reduced. The principal supply for the works is now taken from the North Wales Power Com­ pany, although the in- ; coming twin overhead The strip mill has a seventeen-panel 6-6-kV switch­ board (above) for its main drive motors, m.g. sets, and transformers The 2 2-kV ring main has nine section switches for isolation purposes (left) commission shortly afterwards. The public supply is taken through two 30,000-kVA 66/ 6-6-kV Hackbridge transformers, with on­ load tap-changing gear, situated in a sub­ station adjacent to No. 2 power station. The supply is taken to a nine-panel B.T.H. metal- clad switchboard with circuit-breakers of 500-MVA rupturing capacity. Connection with the older 2- 2-kV systems is made through a 7,500-kVA and two 2,500-kVA trans­ formers, which enables the generating plant to run in parallel with the public supply. The section of the recording wattmeter chart (p. 770) indicates the nature of the demand made on the public supply system. Two feeders, each 2 by 10-sq in. per phase, are taken from the 6-6-kV nine-panel switchboard to the strip-mill plant, via a seventeen-panel English Electric metalclad

Space problems have been solved by careful plan­ ning; 440-V oil circuit-breakers and air-break switch- gear in a steelworks substation lines introduce a supply direct at 66 kV from the Central Elec­ tricity Board’s sub­ station at Mollington, about three miles north of Chester. When this supply was installed about eight years ago a 6-6-kV distribution system was created to meet the concentration loads of the hot- and cold-strip mill plants which were put into 770 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w November 15, 1946

switchboard which is also equipped with great importance. The steel furnaces, rolling circuit-breakers of 500-MVA rupturing mills, annealing furnaces and other plants capacity. This board supplies the slab mill are operated 24 hours per day, and the loss and strip mill main driving motors, motor- of supply, even for a short period, might have generator sets, and the transformers. There are nine large synchronous motors con­ nected at this point, all designed for operation at unity power factor, and these correct the overall power factor of the system to near unity. An interesting system of reactor starting is used for these synchronous motors. A single reactor, with a second equipment installed as standby, is connected to a common starting busbar from which any synchronous motor may be started by means of its “ start ” oil circuit-breaker. Interlocks on the control prevent more than one motor Chart indicating the nature of the demand on being started at the same time. the public supply system The older parts of the works and the slab- mill and strip-mill plants are served by an disastrous consequences. The extent of the 1 extensive 2-2-kV distribution scheme. In 2-2-kV distribution scheme may be judged general, and with certain exceptions arising by the fact that the average load on it is - out of special circumstances, motors down to around 10,000 kVA. about 50 H.P. are connected to this system, Other systems used in the works are 440 V, whilst the largest motor connected to it is of 3 phase, for general power, 400/230 V for 2,000-H.P. The older parts of the works, lighting, and 220/230 V d.c. Suitable sub- stations fed from the ¿a 2-2-kV systems serve W the low-voltage net­ works, and we were J* particularly impressed to see how space prob­ lems have been met by careful planning in equipping these ~ substations in which sss considerable use is it made of both low- - voltage oil circuit- 1 breakers and air-break switchgear. The d.c. : scheme serves prac- / tically all the cranes, T and the steelworks and mill auxiliaries. The ike experience of the maintenance staff over All heavy cables are carried on steel racks in the hot-strip mill basement many years has : 1 resulted in great con­

being somewhat scattered, are served by an fidence in the steelworks mill-type d.c. motor, 3 8 8 8 &-g $■ft 8 overhead ring-main distributor with four 0- 25 which has therefore been standardized for sq in. conductors per phase. This 2-2-kV service on the cranes and the mill auxiliaries. ring main is run through nine section switches, There is a total of 6,000 kW of a.c. to d.c. which prove very useful for isolation purposes converting plant for supplying the 230-V d.c. because, as is inevitable in a plant of this system, both motor-generator sets and rotary nature, considerable sectionalizing of the convertors being used. distribution network is called for to permit In common with the systems previously the duplication of supplies—a matter of very described, the d.c. system is extensively inter- November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 771

S, io! linked throughout the works for security of sequent on the sulphurous atmosphere in fôl pljjj supply. For example, No. 2 steelworks has which they operated. For the latest in­ idihelis two 500-kW rotary convertors, linked to the stallations cable manufacturers have supplied hot-strip mill by means of two 0-5-sq in. twin special braiding and compounding over the cables. The hot-strip mill and cold-strip mill wire armouring, to give improved protection each have a 1,500-kW motor-generator against corrosion, and this has proved very set linked by means of copper busbars with valuable. two 4 in. by J in. conductors per pole, and We are indebted to Mr. Reith Gray, these are carried through an underground director and general manager, John Summers cable tunnel. & Sons, Ltd., for permission to visit the works For general distribution multi-core p.i.l.c. and to publish this and the foregoing articles, and armoured cables are used, because over­ and to Mr. S. A. Lewitt, chief electrical head lines have been very troublesome and engineer, and Mr. T. D. Martin, assistant short-lived as the result of corrosion con­ electrical engineer, for their assistance. Cargo Ships blaali iE Standard Vessels Built During the W ar ■DETAILED information about the design similar, except that two additional 30-kW steam tW n'i and equipment of fast “ standard ” cargo driven sets were provided. On the Diesel asieja liners and tankers constructed to Government propelled ships each auxiliary set was of 210 kW. n h i nil order is contained in a paper compiled by Cargo derricks were of 5, 10, 30, 50 and 80 M e s srs . W . T . Butterw ick a n d W . M a c - tons; all the 19 electric winches were of 30 H.P. A rthur Morison (who were associated during each and so arranged that they could be operated Mik the war period with the department of Merchant singly by means of a special selector switch, or Shipbuilding and Repairs, Admiralty) for the coupled electrically and mechanically for Siali North-East Coast Institution of Engineers and operation from either of the normal positions. s folk! Shipbuilders. Each controller had a watertight double pole 5J5Û3B Z( The Furness Shipbuilding Co., Ltd., developed isolating switch with removable key handle. w-rokas sj the outline design to comply with a very large The wiring formed four ring mains with not md Re number of requirements of the Ministry of W ar more than six winches on any one circuit. A double pole fuse box and four removable links Wvejx Transport, specially for the carriage of bulky military cargoes, in which respect two of the of the handle type enabled any winch damaged OWSfBJI standard ships were the equivalent of three by enemy action to be completely isolated are Is: 2 peace-time vessels. Normal drilling and from the deck without going down below, so eful jta riveting construction was employed, though that all remaining winches on the affected lippit! S welding was utilized by some builders who circuit could continue to function normally. o n s in sis: possessed appropriate facilities. In view of the special service of these ships a b le k The ships were about 500 ft long and 64 ft and their cargoes, their protective equipment exceeded the normal provision. Special de­ if both fo broad, of 10,875 to 12,070 tons deadweight oO as and 15 knots with margin. Most were propelled gaussing gear was fitted, of the low-voltage by geared turbines with oil-fired water tube kind, energized from three motor-generator boilers; but some had Barclay Curle-Doxford sets with voltage regulators varying their fields, ar. The t and Harland Kincaid Diesel engines of 6,800 actuated remotely from the chart room. Radar serres tc to 7,500 S.H.P. in which cases there was a loss and merchant aircraft beacon gear were fitted 1 tie ffi of some 300 tons of deadweight due to the amidships and “Asdic ” equipment in a specially heavier machinery and seatings. constructed compartment in the bottom of the The turbines were designed on an “ austerity ” first hold. The master gyro compass had basis by the Parsons Marine Steam Turbine several repeaters, a recording echometer was e of 5 Co., Ltd. Those built by Richardsons, West- fitted and there were extensive telephone and ace staff garth & Co., Ltd., had a rotor of a welded alarm control systems. years J hollow cone design, which reduced the weight n great 2 by 3-5 tons. The turbines built by the Metro- I Schools for Signal Linemen ed.c®: politan-Vickers Electrical Co., Ltd., were of initial f fabricated steel construction and integral to HE G.W .R. is opening new technical schools withstand the effects of underwater explosions. at Bristol and Birmingham this month Apart from the turbine feed pumps for the for training candidates to fill a large number of ' a.c. w T boilers and the steam air ejectors for the con­ vacancies for key maintenance staff in the ; 2311V t densers, all the auxiliaries were electrically company’s Signal Department. A three months’ driven ; each ship had three Diesel d.c. intensive course will be given in the installation generators of 175 kW at 220 V and one 10-kW I and upkeep of mechanical and electrical set (also driving a small compressor) for lighting signalling apparatus, block telegraphs, electrically when in port. The tanker auxiliaries were Îoperated points, track circuits and telephones. 772 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

Views on the Vews Reflections on Current Topics

NE good custom which fell into desuetude apparatus is in use. Lack of knowledge of O during the war was the penny collection connected load is a handicap from which in aid of the funds of the Electrical Industries most undertakings suffer, although according Benevolent Association instituted some years to the strict letter of the law (Section 24, ago by the late Mr. J. Y. Fletcher. I was Electric Lighting Act, 1882) “ any officer therefore pleased to hear Mr. L. C. Penwill, appointed by the undertakers may at all chairman of the E.I.B.A. Committee, reasonable times enter any premises to which announce at last Friday’s Electrical Industries electricity is or has been supplied by the Ball the Association’s determination to undertakers . . . for the purpose of ascer­ resuscitate the penny collection. Mr. Fletcher, taining the quantity of electricity consumed it will be remembered, provided a supply of or supplied” and for other purposes. In special plastic plates for the purpose. Those actual practice most undertakings hesitate to who still have them should polish them up involve themselves in a thorough investigation and put them into active use again; those of perhaps thousands of premises or to risk who have not should write to the Secretary. upsetting good relations with consumers. At * * * Southport, Mr. Gann treats it as “ a matter of kindness and courtesy if the required It is reported in the October Electrical information is given.” Power Engineer that a member appeared * * * before the National Executive Council of the Electrical Power Engineers’ Association at a A short time ago I referred to a note by recent meeting to explain why he had “ Pilgrim Three ” in the Electrical Contractor accepted a chief engineer’s position which regarding a 7-gallon tank containing two had been “ banned ” by the Association. 10-kW immersion heaters. I suggested that With great regret the N.E.C. found itself the tank was somewhat small or the heaters unable to accept the member’s explanation somewhat large. In the November Electrical and his expulsion was confirmed. Sub­ Contractor “ Pilgrim Three ” admits that he sequently the N.E.C. decided that any made a slip—the total loading is 10 kW (two member applying for or accepting a “ banned” 5-kW heaters). He says there is space for a appointment should be “ summoned to third but it was found unnecessary. defend himself before the National Executive * * * Committee.” Poultry farmers are perturbed about the * * * cuts which are having to be made in electricity supply for they say that interruptions may At the same meeting, I see, the Electrical have serious effects upon hatching eggs and Power Engineer was said to have shown a newly-hatched chickens. The hope has tendency to depart from its “ non-political been expressed that any necessary cuts will tradition.” The editor, Mr. A. M. F. Palmer, be spread over as wide an area as possible M.P., explained how difficult it was to avoid to minimize the stoppage in any particular references to political matters, but he repudi­ district. The daily press makes a great ated any suggestion that he had shown deal of play with the term “ spoilt dinners” political bias. But why should Mr. Palmer in connection with electricity cuts, but this have had to defend himself? After all the is less serious than the total destruction of E.P.E.A. is a trade union, which inevitably dinners ab ovo, as it were. puts it into the political arena and, moreover, * * * it is committed to certain policies which if not essentially political have been made so. Dr. Martin Ruhemann (according to the Crewe Guardian) expressed the view at a * * * recent discussion organized by the Crewe Accusations of “ snooping ” have been Co-operative Educational Committee that made against the Southport Electricity “ atomic energy would soon be so cheap and Department because of an endeavour which harmless that children would be able to play is being made by the Department (engineer, with it in the garden.” A nice prospect for Mr. W. T. Gann) to ascertain exactly what future Guy Fawkes’ Days ¡—REFLECTOR. 1946 ' November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 7 7 3

Synthesizing: Cooking: Load Theory Confirmed by Practical Test

»ledge,' ITH the present strin­ B y G . O . M c L e a n , M.Eng. synthesis, in contrast to °ni W gency in supplies of analysing the bulk to arrive materials and long delivery dates for electrical at the individual’s characteristics. «tion j machinery, forecasting of load becomes more As already indicated, the principal charac­ ay oSe and more important and, because of the teristics we want to know are the demand, the nay at < narrowness of margin between revenue and “ peakiness ” of the demand (load factor is the es to costs due to the heavy increases in the latter usual measure of this) and the times during by j (principally coal and wages), accuracy is most which the peaks occur in individual cases. e of asct- essential. The ten ammeter charts were examined for F constne In an article on “ Load Forecasting ” which these facts, and the individual results tabulated rpose. t appeared in the Electrical Review of July in groups so as to give frequency distributions 27th, 1945, the author outlined the theory of from which the average and the measure of applying statistical methods to synthesizing dispersion known as “ standard deviation ” s or tots loads. On the assumptions that the indi­ could be calculated. For instance, the peak aimers, t vidual cooker demand was 4 kW and that loads recorded were divided into twelve i" a 022 3 kWh was used between 10 a.m. and 1 p.m. groups, the interval between each group he reqcs on Sunday for cooking, the theoretical being i A* (secondary current) and the demand to be expected from 900 cookers numbers in each group totalled and expressed connected was then given as 1,341 kW or as a percentage of the total. o a note ? 1-49 kW each. Whereas the cooking load is known to be ilGrnna It was suggested that these assumptions highest on Sunday (between 12 and 1 p.m.), ltainmg r might not be valid for all undertakings, but most undertakings have, for the past six years lggesredia that engineers could check characteristics of at any rate, experienced their system peak at rtkte their own cooker consumers by installing 8.30 a.m., and breakfast and dinner cooking ber Etora recording ammeters in a few circuits selected loads are, therefore, usually considered InriEfei at random, and constructing frequency separately. ilOkWlR distribution curves from the results. Fig. 1 shows how peak loads were distri­ 5 spacefoci The result of one such practical test con­ buted over the hours of the day. Where two sarv. firmed the theory outlined in the earlier article or three equal demands were recorded in the and also points of statistical theory dealt day, all the times were included in the fre­ with by P. Schiller in the Electrical Review of quency tabulation. Individual peaks occurred December 29th, 1944. The raw material data over a surprisingly wide range of times, was collected from recording- UptlODS 1 ammeter charts for two week­ 312 ega ends and the intervening 20 hope h weekdays from the cooker aiycuBE circuits of ten consumers a as poss chosen quasi-randomly from et partici a West Country area. The iE a p sample was made as repre­ I U H ~ T ~ n H r-rQn- Kilt 4 l ® sentative as possible in regard 9 10 II 12 I ------4 5 6 7 £ sb, tat a to both occupation and AM NOON PM ßtffiOEt family size, so that the sample cannot be considered strictly Fig. I— Peak time frequency random, but that is an advan­ /¡¡¡I! 10 3 tage rather than a disadvantage, as has been namely, from 7 a.m. to 9.30 p.m. Another unusual feature is that the 11 to 11.30 a.m. ts* 21 demonstrated in other sampling work (e.g. tie Ci* E.R.A. Report K/T. 113). The size of the frequency predominates, although there are Bits & sample was restricted by the availability of three times as many weekday recordings as Sundays in this particular survey. This chäf£ suitable instruments, and in any event it was individual con­ )leto p. hoped to demonstrate how * Current readings were made by means of current sumer characteristics can be used to forecast transformers and a 5-A recorder, calculations made with ispeafo original recordings and conversion factors being applied XI01 the load of the bulk or “ population ” by later. 774 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946 indicates that in the area concerned a cooked is more than double the breakfast average de­ mid-day meal was general. mand and is also twice as consistent (variation Fig. 2 is a graphical representation of the coefficient about half). It is necessary to emphasize at this point that the figures given are instantaneous de­ mands and not half-hour demands, as the ammeter charts were actually divided into 5-min intervals and the spot readings at those intervals tabulated. The “ peakiness” of the peak is indicated by the Fig. 3 histogram, as it shows the frequency with which the daily load factors occurred. The outline is bell-shape, with the excep­ tion of one portion between 12 and 14 per cent, which was due, it is suspected, to a sticking ammeter on one consumer’s premises. Nearly 50 per cent of the load factors recorded severity of the cooking load between 8 a.m. were between 5 and 8 per cent, the average and 9 a.m. for the sample concerned. The being 7-84, with a coefficient of variation of average demand was 2-0 kW, though the 45 per cent. range was from 0 to 6 kW. Space does not If, instead of taking the whole twenty-four permit tabulation of all the figures recorded, hours, shorter periods were considered and or the calculations load factors calculated, involved in expressing the average load factor mathematically the during the breakfast average and the spread hour 8 a.m. to 9 a.m. of the other results would be as high as about the average. 50 per cent, showing Statistically, these two that there was either a facts tell the investi­ steady load for 30 gator all he wants to minutes out of the 60, know about the distri­ or, if there were sharp bution of the results, peaks, kb en they were if he can assume that recurring at frequent the graphical picture intervals. Examination is a fairly symmetrical bell-shaped curve of the charts showed that the former was (known as the normal or Gaussian curve). the case. The dispersion factor is often expressed as a Fig. 4 illustrates this point, as it shows the percentage of the average and is then called frequency of the minutes in use between the the coefficient of variation. It is the ratio of the statistical unit, known as the standard deviation, to the average. In this case the coefficient is 66 per cent, which means that there is a good chance (roughly odds of 3 to 2 on) that any single cooker load at break­ fast time is 2 0 kW ± 66 per cent — or between 0-66 and 3-32 kW. Similarly, the results for Sunday demands between 11-30 a.m. and 1 p.m. were 4- 25 kW average with a Fig. 4.— Usage period frequency coefficient of variation of 36 per cent. The difference in the characteristics of the hours of 8 and 9 a.m. There are nine 5-min two cooking periods is very marked; i.e., the periods, each with about 10 per cent of the Sunday cooking demand (average individual) total, the average being about 30 minutes, November 15, 1946 ELECTRICAL REVIEW 775

giving the 50 per cent load factor noted above. regarding the shape of such curves.* The (Actually the number of times the cooker value to which the curves converge will be circuit was switched on and off during the fixed by the average load factor of the appli­ whole day averaged about ten). The high cation being considered, e.g. breakfast percentage shown for 55 to 60 min in Fig. 4 cooking or water heating. is abnormal owing to the sticking ammeter. The result indicated by the dotted exten­ Before comparing the practical with the sions, 2-6 kW, is not the half-hourly demand theoretical results, the question of diversity per consumer after all possible diversity has has to be considered. Fig. 5 shows the actual been taken into account, as the figures used diversity existing amongst the ten consumers were instantaneous demands and for the during the Sunday cooking period (11.30 summation of the twenty records, there still a.m. to 1 p.m.) The records (two Sundays remained a load factor of 70 per cent, giving the true after-diversity de­ mand on the half-hourly basis of 1-82 kW. Criticism of the use of the second Sunday’s results, on the ground that greater diversity would be shown by 20 different consumers and probably more still by 200 consumers, is no doubt justifi­ able, but the figure does demonstrate how rapid the approach of the two boun­ dary curves is with short- period load factors of even 50 per cent. (In the same company’s area, the Sunday cooking demand at a major substation to which 1,100 for each consumer) were considered in the cookers were connected was 2,000 kW, following way. The records were taken at which after making allowances for other random and labelled: loads gave a residue of 1-36 kW per cooker.) Aj B1 C*...... Ij Jj Ag B2...... J2 In conclusion, an attempt must be made The Ai and Bx loads were then added, and to relate the actual results to the theoretical the nine other consecutive pairs similarly forecast. The theory outlined in the earlier treated. Thus A x and Bx gave a combined article was to the effect that if there were instantaneous demand of 8-2 kW ; C 1 and evenly distributed in a certain period of time, D1; 9-4 kW; and E* and Fj, 5-8 kW. Divid­ called the peak-concentration period, an ing by two to get the demand per consumer, infinite number of equal loads, then a diver­ the ten results were: sified demand would tend to be the average 41; 4-7; 2-9; 2-8; 4-2; 4-1; 4 02; 3-45 ; 2-3 ; of a single load over the whole period 4-2 kW. multiplied by the number of loads involved. The highest is 4- 7 kW, the lowest 2- 3 and This simple statement had to be modified, the average 3-68 kW. These three figures are because in practice we do not deal with plotted on the chart on a vertical line through infinitely large numbers but with definite the point on the base line for two consumers. figures, generally in hundreds or possibly Next, the Aj Bx pair were added to the thousands, fed from a single distribution Cj Dj pair, and the Cj Dx pair to the Et substation. pair to get ten groups of four. Groups of The adjustment consisted of adding to the six were obtained by adding three pairs concentration-period load factor an amount together; and finally groups of fifteen by inversely proportional to the square root adding fifteen consecutive individual results of the number of consumers concerned. beginning with Ax Bx Cx D x and Ex. Smooth This particular sample gave us sixty weekday curves have been drawn through the points indicating the range limits, and these show * C. Bary (U.S.A.) has pointed out that plotting coinci­ dence factors against number of consumers gives rect­ quite clearly the justification for the theory angular hyperbolas. 776 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 1 5, 1946 breakfast cooking results and twenty Sunday were 0-62 kW in the former case and 1-82 kW dinner cooking results, and we have seen in the latter. above that the mean demands of these results Local conditions, such as diversity of were 2-0 kW for breakfast and 4-25 kW for occupation, times of starting and stopping Sunday dinner on an instantaneous basis and work and distances between homes and work­ 1-0 kW and 2-73 kW respectively on a half- places, can all seriously affect the cnarac- hour demand basis. The mean individual teristics of the load. Fortunately, the habits load factor for both periods was 50 per cent. of a locality change very slowly, and therefore Theoretically then, the after-diversity demand when the characteristics (average demand, (i-hour basis) should be 0-56 kW per con­ concentration period and load factor) have fitt sumer for the breakfast load and 1-65 kW been determined, the theoretical forecasts can  (fOI per consumer for the Sunday-dinner load. be used with confidence for a period of three The summated results actually experienced to five years before a fresh check is needed. 01 if> i s * Bombay Electrical Proposals (¿S.! Establishment of Grid System j W JC'OLLOWING the lead given by the Electricity Board, a special grid department has diii Government of India in regard to the been organized. The development programme 34« rationalization and development of electric under execution at present consists of the Il Col power—by introducing, during the Budget following:—The North Gujerat Scheme: Two Session of the Assembly, its Electricity Supply 15,000-kW steam turbo sets are being installed îital Bill, 1946—the Government of Bombay has by the Ahmedabad Electricity Company to » ill i f proposed the establishment of a grid system supplement the existing 37,500-kW station. j j f d l l in regions which lend themselves to such Bulk power from the company will be received development economically under quasi-State at a Government-owned station, whence it control. As soon as the Central Legislature will be transmitted to Baroda and Kalol. The Mr.C passes the Electricity Supply Bill, the Bombay South Gujerat Scheme: A new steam station 3QL Ll Government will be setting up an Electricity is to be established in the Surat Region, com­ toi Board to “ rationalize ” the generation of prising, initially, two 7,500-kW turbo sets. electricity by using a few selected stations having It is proposed to construct an e.h.v. line from Mr. F. natural advantages; to make available pro­ Surat to Bulsar with main stations at Navasari, gressively large amounts of power at low rates; Billimora, and Bulsar. Rural electrification MS! and to bring the energy within reach of a schemes have been sanctioned for a number of t . t l a progressively increasing number of the popula­ districts. Mr. V tion—urban and rural. The Government of Bombay has made an Moi Inefficient Stations to be Closed agreement with the Government of Mysore for Yjtly the purchase of up to 3,730 kW from the Jog New hydro-electric and thermal stations Cooabc hydro-electric station. This power can be will be established. These and the existing obtained some time in 1947. Other electrical Cipui efficient generating stations of licensees, projects which are likely to be taken up by the wherever practicable, will be interconnected. Government within the next ten years are the Inefficient stations will be closed down and the Kona hydro project, the Kalinadi and Bhatgar Jtfsiin licensees concerned supplied with bulk power. schemes, and the Bhandardara-Randha scheme. -le Wherever possible, rural areas within the grid — Reuter's Trade Service (Calcutta.) S p ie l regions will be supplied power from the system ; »I small Diesel stations will be established in isolated townships. It is also proposed to give Bengal Project FA Ci financial assistance to small-scale industrialists CCORDING to the Indian Textile Journal, in rural areas in acquiring electrical machinery effect is shortly to be given to a project and equipment by hire purchase. its for the electrification of nearly 2,200 square »1® Two 15,000-kW steam turbo-generators are miles of the rural area of Bengal at a cost of being installed at Ahmedabad. While accord­ approximately Rs3 50,00,000. The scheme, York ing to the present programme, grid power will which has been approved by the Provincial be available in Ahmedabad, Kaira, Mattar, Development Board, was drawn up by the »! Nadiad, Umreth, Anand and Borsad early in Central Technical Power Board of the Govern­ It 1948, it is proposed to undertake the pre­ ment of India in order to promote industrial |% liminary investigation of the Koyona hydro development to the north and north-west of sii project, which will supply electricity to the Calcutta. A bulk supply will be taken from ■ D Deccan, including the industrial areas of the Gourepore Electric Supply Co. and trans­ wi\ Sholapur, Satars, and Poona Districts, as early mitted by 120 miles of 33-kV lines in the form Mn as possible. of a ring circuit to Krishnagar, Burdwan and Pending the establishment of the Bombay other towns. »5 !» Wove tuber 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 111 PERSONAL and SOCIAL News of Men and Women ot the Indtistry rB^HE B.E.M. has been awarded to Mr. B. forte concerto in A minor, is an attractive one. * Wainwright, an employee at Blackburn The solo pianist is Guy Jonson of the Royal Meadows power station of the Sheffield Corpora­ Academy of Music, but the whole of the tion, for gallant conduct. In January last an remainder of the programme is given by members explosion at the station caused fatal injuries to of the staff of Central London Electricity, Ltd. two men. Mr. Wainwright, at great risk to him­ Tickets (5s.. 3s. 6d. and 2s.) can be obtained self, worked his way to the back of some boilers from Mr. R. A. Brown, box office manager, in a steam-filled boiler-house and shut off the 19, C arn ab y Street, W .l. escaping steam. On his retirement after over forty years’ On November 8th the staff of the North- service Mr. G. W. Steward, general manager and Eastern Electric Supply Co., Ltd., presented engineer of the Lowestoft Corporation Elec­ Col. S. E. Monkhouse with an inscribed antique tricity and Transport Department, was presented table, a salver made of old Newcastle silver and with a barometer and a cigarette case from the a cut-glass decanter to mark the termination of staff. The presentation was made by the his executive activities with the company. Mayor of Lowestoft, Councillor J. W. Woodrow. Col. Monkhouse remains on the board of At a farewell gathering recently the staff of directors. The presentation was made by A. Reyrolle & Co.’s Leeds office presented Lt. Col. E. H. E. Woodward (general manager Mr. W. Hanna, their and a director of the company), and in expressing erection superintendent his thanks Col. Monkhouse paid warm tribute for the Midlands area, to all departments for the support he had re­ with cuff-links and a ceived from them during the time he held chief cheque to mark his executive office on the management. retirement. Mr. Hanna Mr. C. S. Agate, E.M.I. Engineering Develop­ has been with the com­ ment. Ltd., is the new chairman of the Radio pany for twenty-nine Industry Council. He succeeds Mr. T. E. years, twenty-one of Goldup (Mullard Wireless Valve Co., Ltd.). which were spent in the Mr. F. S. Mitman has resigned the position of M idlands. managing director of the Brush Electrical Mr. F. Fowweather, Engineering Co., Ltd., and is succeeded by B.Sc., of Bolton, who Mr. Alan P. Good. has been appointed Mr. W. S. Thomas, works manager of the Mr. W . Hanna assistant lecturer in Splendor Lamp Co., Ltd., has been elected physics at Manchester Deputy Mayor for the Borough of Malden and College of Technology and Manchester Coombe for the municipal year 1946-47. University (Faculty of Technology), was concerned during the war with the design and Captain H. S. Hayes, of Bristol, has been development of radar equipment as research appointed to the Colonial Service as an electrical engineer and physicist with Ferranti, Ltd. and mechanical engineer in the Public Works The committee of the Electrical Industries Department, Nigeria. Benevolent Association for the counties of “ The Gothics ” (the football club of the Wiltshire, Somerset and Gloucester have Norwich works of Laurence, Scott & Electro­ appointed Mr. W. J. Murphy, of Foster Electrical motors) have made further progress in the Supplies, Ltd.. 200. North Street, Bedminster, F.A. Cup and are now due to meet a pro­ Bristol 3, as secretary in succession to Mr. W. fessional team, Colchester, on November 16th. J. Woodcock. lt is many years since a works club team from Sir James Swinburne, Bt., F.R.S., has resigned the Eastern Counties has gone so far in the the presidency of the Old Cromptonians’ competition. Association and he is succeeded by the Earl York Corporation Electricity Committee of Mount Edgcumb. The name of the organiza­ reports the resignation of Mr. A. G. Forgan, tion has been altered to " Cromptonians' power station superintendent. Association." The Music Society of Central London Elec­ tricity, Ltd., is giving a symphony concert at Obituary the Kingsway Hall, Kingsway, London, W.C.2, Dr. K. H. Gvr.—We regret to record the on December 2nd, when Mr. John Steele will death of Dr. Karl Heinrich Gyr which occurred conduct. The standard of previous concerts on November 3rd in his sixty-eighth year. given by this society has been high and the A native . of Zürich, Dr. Gyr was educated programme, which includes Beethoven's No. 1 there and at Lausanne and Dresden; graduating symphony in C major and Schumann's piano- at Zürich, with the degree of Ph.D. On return­ Ct 778 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946 ing from a stay in the United States and in widow, two daughters and one son, Mr. A. England he joined the firm of H. Landis, a Rodgers, who is with the Metropolitan-Vickers fellow student and an old friend of his, and Electrical Co., Ltd. The funeral was held on in 1905 the firm of Landis & Gyr was founded. Saturday preceded by a service at the Watford In 1912 a company under the name of Landis Parish Church. & Gyr, Ltd., was registered in England and in Mr. F. B. Leonard.—The death has occurred 1928 the workshops were transferred from of Mr. F. B. Leonard, former deputy chief Hampton Hill to North Acton. Under the electrical engineer with St. M arylebone Borough leadership of Dr. Gyr the business developed Council, who retired in 1944. until it became one of the leading electricity Mr. James McIntosh, A.M.I.E.E., telephone meter manufacturing concerns, with factories manager in Edinburgh, died on November 5th, in Switzerland, England, France and Germany. at the age of sixty. Dr. Gyr was chairman of Landis & Gyr, Ltd., and was on the "boards of a number of other W ills.—Mr. Charles James Beaver, M.I.E.E., companies. In 1945 the Federal Technical a director of W. T. Glover & Co., Ltd., who University in Zürich conferred on him the died on March 20th last, left £14,846 gross, honorary degree of Doctor of Technical Science with net personalty £13,287. in recognition of his outstanding technical Mr. William James Trotwood Thomas. achievements and the services he had rendered to A.M.I.E.E., who died on January 12th last, Swiss industry. Although Dr. Gyr had been intestate, left £2,834 gross, with net personalty ill since 1939 he was at his office regularly £380. until a few weeks ago. Mr. Hubert Grainge Treadwell, of Wisteria The funeral service at Fraumunsterkirche, House, Middleton Cheney, Northants, electrical Zürich, on November 6th was attended by engineer, who died on September 11th last, left representatives from Swiss industry and from £1.357 gross, with net personalty £34. his company. Mr. C. Rodgers, O.B.E.—We deeply regret to record the death, which occurred at W atford on Electricity in Glasgow November 5th, of Mr. Charles Rodgers, deputy TPABLES included in the accounts of the director of the British Electrical and Allied Glasgow Electricity Department (general Manufacturers’ Associ­ manager, Mr. G. Morgan) for the year ended ation. Mr. Rodgers May 31st last show that the net capital expendi­ had served B.E.A.M.A. ture to that date was £10,497,071, of which for a long period, £7,951,058 had been repaid. Interest on loans and was to have retired for the year amounted to £80,667 compared at the end of. next with £134,866 in 1939-40. Gross revenue month. He was ap­ increased during the year by £34,085 to pointed secretary in £2,171,104 but there was a much greater rise 1921 and deputy in working expenditure—£218,019—making the director in 1935, con­ total £1,903,697. After meeting loan charges tinuing to act as secre­ and income tax the net result was a loss of tary also for a further £98,924 compared with a surplus of £62,158 three years until the in the preceding year. This is the first deficit appointment of the recorded in the table which covers seventeen T h « late Hon. J. R. Rea. years. In addition a sum of £108,167 (against Mr. C. Rodgers A native of Wath-on- £11,540) was required for capital and special Dearne, Yorks, Mr. expenditure and, together with the deficit, this Rodgers was educated at Sheffield University, reduced the balance carried forward from the City and Guilds Engineering College and £337,731 to £130,640. Zürich Polytechnic, gaining the degrees of The Department generated 665-9 million B.Sc. (Lond.) and B.Eng. (Sheffield). Subse­ kWh during the year (against 672-7 million in quently he joined the staff of Siemens Bros. 1944-45) of which 37-5 million (35-9 million) Dynamo Works, Ltd., with whom he served as was used at the works); in addition 4-3 million chief a.c. designer at Woolwich and Stafford kWh (4-5 million) was purchased. Sales until 1904 and later was transferred to London totalled 658-4 million kWh (668-4 million), the to deal with administration and publicity proportion expended in distribution and not matters. He was a member of the Institutions accounted for rising from 6-03 to 7-83 per cent. of Electrical and Mechanical Engineers and at From a statement of costs per kWh sold it is various times served on the Councils of the seen that last year’s purchase cost figure of I.E.E., the British Standards Institution, the 0-6229d. compares with 0-5439d. in 1944-45 Electrical Research Association, the Electrical and 0-3148d. ten years ago; the corresponding Development Association and the Science total expenditure figures were 0- 8274d., 0- 7450d. Museum; he was also hon. secretary of the and 0-7901d. Revenue per kWh sold last year British National Committee of the World averaged 0-7913d. against 0-7673d. in 1 9 4 4 - 4 5 Power Conference. Mr. Rodgers leaves a and 0-8289d. a decade ago. 7 7 9 November 15, 194 6 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w Electrical Industries Kail Substantial Aid for E.I.B.A. Funds l^TEARLY six hundred people gathered at hoped that by this time next year the a » Grosvenor House, Park Lane, London, Grosvenor’s large ballroom, which was in W., last Friday for the second post-war American occupation during the war years, Electrical Industries Ball. Although full will again be available. As it was the freedom from austerity and restrictions has number of guests had to be limited and many not yet been achieved there was quite a of those who wished to be present were pre-war spirit which made the function a disappointed. thorough success. Dancers would have The guests, who included many well-known welcomed a little more freedom of movement, but it is

Right : Dancing in pro­ gress at last Friday’s E.I.B.A. Ball. Below : The President (Mr. Walter Riggs), Chair­ man (Mr. L. C. Penwill) and friend

Above : Mr. W. J. Jones (E.L.M.A.) and Mr. J. W. Simpson (I.M.E.A.) and their party. Left : Mr. L. C. Sharp's table. people representing ’ all branches of the industry, were received by Mr. Walter Riggs, the president 780 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15. 1 9 4 6 of the Electrical Industries Benevolent announced that it amounted to £53: in Association, and Mrs. Riggs. During the addition £104 had been realised from the sale of programmes. He said that the Association aimed at restoring the custom of penny collections at all electrical functions

Mes srs. A. L. Lunn (L.P.T.B.), J. Hacking (C.E.B.) and W . N. C. Clinch ( Northmet Co.) supper interval the president gave a brief address in which he commended the objects of the Association. Mr. V. Z. de Ferranti, President I.E.E., and At a later juncture Mr. H Senior Fothergill. Mrs. de Ferranti in conversation the E.I.B.A. secretary, announced the num­ bers of programmes which entitled the and those who were willing to help were fortunate holders to prizes presented by asked to communicate with the secretary. electrical manufacturers. These comprised The dance programme was of a very' varied fires from Berry's Electric. Ltd., the English character, ranging from the most modern Electric Co., Ltd., and Ferranti, Ltd.; back to the waltz and polka, and Debroy

V. Hunter's party including Sir Noel and Lady Curtis Bennett and Mr. H. Nimmo (Electricity Commissioner) vacuum cleaners from the British Vacuum Somers and his band added greatly to the Cleaner & Engineering Co.. Ltd.. and the success of the occasion. The organizers had Hotpoint Electric Appliance Co.. Ltd.: a reason to be gratified at the results of the radio receiver from the General Electric Co., ball: the guests certainly enjoyed themselves Ltd.; and an electric blanket from H. J. while augmenting the Association's funds. Baldwin &. Co.. Ltd. The respective prize winners were Mr. E. J. Vidler. Mr. M. Stone. Major A. Young. Mr. F. C. Lucas, Mrs. J. G. l.E.E. Chesters Estate.—At the meeting of the Briggs. Mr. S. Ferguson and Mr. E. J. Jarvis. I.E.E.. on November 7th. Mr. E. Leete gave a brief outline of the scheme for building the An excellent cabaret show was given by the Chesters Estate by the Committee of the i.E.E. Dehl Trio. Charlie Chester and Helen Hill Benevolent Fund—a brochure concerning which I with Frank Wilcock at the piano). A has already been sent out to all members—and " penny collection " was taken up and Mr. an appeal was made for the £50.000 Fund, L. C. Penwill, chairman of ' the Court, which is the amount estimated to be required. November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 781

Network Design “ Retail Delivery Service ”

^HE development of electricity distribu- Most supply engineers considered that I ■ tion was the subject of the inaugural network design was either relatively simple, address of M r . W. H. H o w a r d (Dundee not calling for a high order of technical Corporation) as chairman of the enlarged skill, or that it was extraordinarily difficult, and re-named I.E.E. North-East Scotland the number of imponderable factors to be Sub-Centre (including Aberdeenshire and taken into account rendering a theoretical Kincardineshire with Dundee). Distribution approach impossible, so that intelligent was described as a “ retail delivery service,” guesswork must be used to a large extent. the successful management of which Mr. Howard did not subscribe to either demanded a wide knowledge of local require­ of those contradictory opinions. In view ments; the existing state of affairs needed of the capital involved (more than half the some revision. expenditure of the industry being sunk in Generation and distribution were becoming distribution) he considered the systematic more elaborate and remote from each study of network design to be overdue, other and new entrants to the industry were pointing out that voltage control and pro­ finding it increasingly difficult to become tective gear policies profoundly influenced proficient in both branches, so were obliged network costs. to specialize in one or the other. Would At present the network designer had to be the two branches eventually be entirely taken on trust ; he could save or waste much separated ? money without the fact being realized one Such an event might in some respects be way or the other. It did not seem possible beneficial, for distribution problems had to devise a reasonably simple set of standards received too little attention in the past; to by which to judge the success of network some extent they had been overshadowed by design, so there appeared to be a good case the more vital problems of generation, for a central research and training establish­ resulting in a good deal of needless expendi­ ment for working out sound general policy ture owing to lack of sufficiently well worked- and training specialists for this responsible out policies of dealing with progressive work. Better planning was one of most promis­ load increases. ing means of further improving efficiency.

Edmundsons’ Engineers Retirement to Set Up as Consultants ¥ W E are informed by Edmundsons Electricity Mr. Thomas E. Boothby, formerly Edmund­ Corporation, Ltd., that Mr. Charles H. P. sons’ deputy chief engineer, Mr. Donald E. Ewbank, their chief engineer and four of the Bird, electrical engineer, Mr. Samuel N. Chew, departmental heads who have served under him project engineer and Mr. William Kitson, at Edmundsons have retired from their positions generation engineer, are Mr. Ewbank’s fellow to set up in business on their own account as directors in the new company. They have each Ewbank & Partners, Ltd., engineering con­ been responsible in their own departments at sultants. Their registered offices are at 109, Edmundsons, and under the general supervision Jermyn Street, London, W., but pending the of Mr. Ewbank, for the great developments in acquisition of suitable premises, they will the Edmundson areas in the past two decades. operate from 24, Gillingham Street, S.W.l. Mr. Ewbank and his colleagues were respon­ This arrangement has not only enabled them sible for the design and erection of the Little to solve the otherwise almost insuperable Barford and Llynfi power stations. The latter problem of adequate accommodation, but is was built in the record time of nineteen months. particularly convenient in the fulfilment of their In an interview Mr. Ewbank said, “ My fellow first contract, which is with Edmundsons. directors and I have always worked as a team Ewbank & Partners, Ltd., have signed an and we hope by the formation of this company agreement with Edmundsons to do for them all to continue as a team. In view of the uncer­ that they have done in the past as officials of tainties of the future we felt it was the one way the Corporation. The continuity of service thus of ensuring that we kept together. Moreover, secured is important in view of the extensive we believe that as a team we can do far better developments planned by Edmundsons. work than if we were separated.” 7 8 2 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

impulse testing of cables are enunciated, the Fuel Economy Abroad present dearth of data on this aspect being ^■''HREE reports on fuel economy since 1939 revealed, which necessitated special investiga­ have been published by the Central Office tions in two respects. First, by inference, the of the World Power Conference, London. presence of nitrogen gas at a pressure of 200 lb These have been prepared by the National per sq in. does not seem to cause any reduction Committees of the Netherlands (6d. net), of the impulse breakdown voltage. Secondly, Denmark (6d.) and Sweden (Is.). The first the impulse breakdown stress of a gas-cushion relates to the production and consumption of cable is of the order of 950 kV per cm, which fuel and the plight of the inhabitants of Holland confirms the values for a fully impregnated under enemy occupation. cable cited by R. Davis in the I.E.E. Journal, In the report dealing with Danish conditions, Vol. 89, Part II, p. 52, 1942. references to the use of alternative fuels indicate The breakdown under impulse differs from that one ton of good pit coal is equivalent to that at 50 c/s, there usually being much less 2^ tons of peat and slightly more of brown coal; blackening and charring, but more bursting methods of adapting existing boiler house and splitting of the papers. The splitting of practice to such fuels are briefly described. the dielectric, which is usually longitudinal, is In many small power stations windmills up to not necessarily associated with the charring 60-kW are used as supplementary sources of and (so far as experience has been gained) the energy and Diesel engines have been con­ puncture is not wholly radial. When true verted to natural-gas operation. cable puncture takes place the oscillograph In Sweden the capacity of hydro-electric records immediate voltage fall to zero, whereas stations was increased from L78 million kW it has not yet been established why impulse in 1939 to 2-54 million kW in 1945 and the breakdown may follow a long path from figure, including plant under construction, is conductor to sheath, in which case the voltage now over 3 million kW. The hydro-electric may remain quite high. output rose from 8,125 million pre-war, to Present investigations have stabilized the 13,100 million kWh last year—an increase that position at 132 kV and the author does not has reduced the annual consumption of coal by see any reason why 264-kV cables should not the equivalent of 750,000 tons. During the be of the gas-cushion type, using impregnated same period the output of thermal power paper as the dielectric. It is evident, however, stations fell from 924 million to 400 million that the present construction of oil-impregnated k W h . paper under gas pressure is essentially hetero­ The four 200-kV lines which transmit geneous and there are obvious reasons why it hydro-electric power from the north to the would be advantageous to apply a homo­ central and southern parts are insufficient and dielectric uniformly. two more will be completed in the near future. Polythene and polystyrene are admirable in Attention is being paid to the use of higher respect of power factor at high temperature, voltages, either a.c. or preferably d.c. Con­ so it now remains to show how such materials sumption of electricity in households has been may be applied to cables for very high voltage increasing rapidly. Railway electrification is o p e ra tio n . said to have solved fuel transport problems. Trolley-buses have been introduced in the bigger cities. More use has been made of Resistance Welding peat, one ton of which is stated to correspond A PAPER prepared by Mr. S. H u n t e r to half a ton of coal, and other fuels, brief G o r d o n for the Institute of Marine particulars of which are given. Engineers in London deals with resistance welding in its several forms. The author's intention is to define what is meant by the High-Voltage Gas-Cushion terms spot, seam, projection and flash-butt Cables welding, to illustrate the principles involved and indicate the kinds of work done by each 4~TAS-CUSHION cables for the highest method. Data and information are included voltages are the subject of a paper presented about the flash-butt welding of marine engine b y M r . T . R . P. H arrison (W. T . H en ley ’s crankshafts for the Admiralty; about the Telegraph Works Co., Ltd.) before the Trans­ forging of locomotive pistons to their rods and mission Section of the Institution of Electrical about the use of alloy steel pressings to form E n g in eers. aeroplane propeller hubs by the automatic The author reviews their performance under preheating reciprocating method of flash-butt tests, which have been formulated to furnish w elding. design data, in comparison with normal cables. Graphical and tabulated data are included Tests were conducted at power frequency in on tests made at the Admiralty Engineering the Henley Research Laboratory while impulse Laboratory, West Drayton, of seven alloy steels tests were made at the National Physical generally used in industry and on the Laboratory. welding of five grades of valve steel to carbon The special requirements pertaining to the steel. November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 783 CORRESPONDENCE Letters should bear the writers' names and addresses, not necessarily for publication. Responsibility cannot be accepted for correspondents' opinions. D.C. Motor Starters The cuts which have been made up to the ■ N an article under the heading “ Can You present have been in respect of plant shortage Send A Man Out ? ” in your issue of only, but when the time comes when cuts November 1st, mention was made of a have to be made for fuel reasons then a “ starter-regulator ” in connection with a different situation will arise. Even then I d.c. motor. A problem was set and clearly still intend (subject to no national direction answered by the author. being imposed as to how the cuts shall be It is not practicable, however, to use a made) to make cuts industrially as it is starter of the usual face-plate type for speed obvious that not much would be saved in variation, since moving the starting arm suburban and domestic areas having only would render useless the no-volt and overload 400 to 1,000 kW demand per square mile coils. These are only operative when the with probably no greater load factor than the arm is in the full-on position, a spring being industrial areas. incorporated so that the arm is returned to The industrial areas of Sheffield have a the off position when, owing to the de­ demand per square mile varying from 30,000 energizing of the no-volt coil, the supply is kW to around 55,000 kW. In other words cut off or when short-circuited, as a result we could get from the industrial areas a of the attraction of the armature of the over­ reduction in units in a day which would load coil, if the current exceeds a certain take very many days to get from the suburban value. areas. In any case cutting off the suburban In any mid-position, such as would be areas as a matter of deference to industrial required for varying speed by inserting exports would very nearly cause a political resistance in the armature, this protection revolution. would be ineffective. Also the resistance I apologize for taking up your space but would have an indefinite rating which is not felt that the implication in “ Reflector’s ” usual with face-plate starters. Rheostats comment, for which I do not blame him, wired in series with the shunt field provide required correction. the usual method of speed variation. Drum- Sheffield. J o h n R. S t r u t h e r s , type controllers are not under consideration. General Manager, Bath. K. G i l e s . Corporation Electricity Dept. WM/TTH regard to “ Reflector’s ” remarks Electricity Restrictions mentioning the rationing of electricity in comment by “ Reflector ” on page 685 Rome, as one of the two technical advisers of the Electrical Review of November 1st to the Rome Area Allied Command I was with regard to electricity rationing has been called upon, with Capt. W. Neff, C.E., based on an article which appeared in the U.S.A., to evolve a rationing plan. This local press some little time ago in which I with the assistance of the two supply com­ was somewhat misquoted. panies we did, and although no doubt some I am certainly not in favour of the drastic of the measures seemed severe they certainly method which was outlined, that is, cutting did the trick. off the consumer permanently if he exceeds a We reduced the 1943 peak from 150,000 kW certain quota, but I am inclined to think that to 36,000 kW. Approximately 250,000 con­ the ordinary voluntary response to calls by sumers were involved and the rationing varied the radio, press and posters will not have over a wide range from 10 kWh per month much effect upon the situation. Up to the for an ordinary lighting consumer to 25 per present time, Sheffield has had no cuts which cent of the corresponding 1943 consumption affect the domestic supply, and all reductions for places of amusement. Whilst the curfew which have been called for by the Central was in force street lighting was banned and Electricity Board have been made by agree­ transport curtailed. Meters were read ment with the large works, and I propose to monthly and penalties varied from a fine of continue this method of reducing supply when 1,000 lire to disconnection for six months. called on. In general, areas only received a supply 7 8 4 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w November 15, 1946 every third day with one continuous supply top into the resistance box and connecting for seven days per month, with the exception the latter to a 230-V outlet. of certain preferential circuits which were The installation has given many trouble- kept going for twenty-four hours per day. free years of service and is considered to be a Load shedding when called for by the Italian satisfactory solution to what is usually a Electricity Grid (headed by Col. Lapper, difficult problem. P. A. R o w l a n d . C.E.B.) was carried out on a strict priority South Harrow. basis. R. F . F l a c k , Hounslow. Major, R.E. Power-Factor Correction.—Referring to his letter in the Electrical Review of November 1st, Razors in Bathrooms Mr. Z. M. Raht says that the passage “ could be WN your issue of November 8th, Mr. corrected to the same power factor at different loads ” should read: “ could correct to the same -*■ John Bland raises an interesting point in power factor the different loads of the motor.” connection with electric razors—or perhaps “ shavers ” is a better word. A possible solution of his problem is to use a properly The King’s Speech connected three-core flexible cord with a Nationalization Bill Foreshadowed three-pin plug and socket of the flat-pin W AST Tuesday His Majesty the King opened type, of which several reputable makes are the new session of Parliament and in the available, thus securing non-interchange- course of his speech said:— ability with other household appliances. “ A measure will be laid before you to bring My own solution is to use a 1:1 double inland transport services under national owner­ wound transformer of about 10-VA rating, ship and control. A Bill will also be submitted to you to bring into national ownership the with the centre point of the secondary (and electricity supply industry as a further part of the core of course) earthed; the secondary a concerted plan for the co-ordination of the feeds a two-pin 2-A socket and there is no fuel and power industries.” need to earth any part of the shaver. In a later passage his Majesty said Sutton Coldfield. E. H. N o r g r o v e . “ Valuable reports have already been received from working parties appointed to make ■»EG A R D IN G the inquiry by Mr. J. recommendations for the better organization Bland, the following details may be of a number of important industries and you of interest. A client of mine had obtained an will be asked to approve legislation to enable electric razor which he required to be used effect to be given to their recommendations.” in his bathroom. The razor, in common with the majority of its type, was wound for operation on 110 V, a.c./d.c., a resistance Argentine Fuel Position box being supplied for use when connected tBiHE problem of fuel supplies is referred to in to 230 or similar voltage. To obtain a the report of the Société d’Electricité de reasonably safe installation the following Rosario for the years 1940-45. Owing to the disturbed political outlook in the pre-war years, method was adopted. A flat-pin socket was the directors took the precaution of adding to installed in the bathroom, connected to the their fuel stocks and at the end of 1940 had on secondary of a 230/110-V transformer. hand no less than 110,000 tons of coal and The latter was double-wound, fused on both 9.500 tons of fuel oil, sufficient for seventeen primary and secondary, enclosed in an months. This fell at the end of 1945 to 17,400 earthed metal case and installed in a position tons of coal and 700 tons of fuel oil. Large outside the bathroom. A ceiling switch quantities of substitute fuels were brought into controlled the primary circuit of the trans­ use during the war including, in 1945, 7,700 tons of native fuel oil, 18,700 tons of charcoal, former. 114.500 tons of agricultural products and The advantages gained by this method of 4,100 tons of linseed oil. It was found that two installation were; (1) The 110-V supply was tons of most of the substitutes were necessary isolated from the mains, thereby eliminating to replace one ton of coal and even then the shocks to earth; (2) the resistance box was steam output of the boilers was reduced by not required and the power loss associated one-third. The ash of the substitute fuels badly with this item was avoided; (3) by the affected the refractory linings of the boiler furnaces while sticky deposits formed on the use of a flat-pin socket, the only one in the boiler tubes. Early in the present year the house, other electrical accessories could not position was eased by the arrival of three be used in the bathroom; and (4) the razor consignments of fuel oil each of 5s000 tons, and could still be operated elsewhere without contracts have been placed which will secure a modification by inserting the flat-pin plug monthly supply of between 5,000 and 6,000 tons. November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 785 M odern Circtiit-Brealters Discussion on Oil and Air-Blast Types T a meeting of the Institution of Elec­ at 250 lb pressure. It was difficult to keep A trical Engineers on Thursday last the air lines and valves tight, which reacted week, the papers by Messrs. A. Allan and on the compressors and increased main­ D. F. Amer and by Messrs. H. E. Cox and tenance costs. T. W. Wilcox (summarized in our last issue) M r . C. H. Flurscheim (Metropolitan- were read and discussed. The President Vickers) showed lantern slides of two new (Mr. V. Z. de Ferranti) explained that it was types of multi-break breakers, both of which quite fortuitous that these two papers were were claimed to be capable of providing read on the same evening. It had not been high-speed reclosure. Both designs had found possible to have them presented at twin interrupters and were said to quadruple separate meetings but there was no desire that the speed of the conventional tank breaker. there should be a debate on the relative merits of the two types of circuit-breakers dealt Common Definition Methods Needed with in the two papers. M r. D. P. S a y e r s (Birmingham) said it Mr. J. H a c k i n g (C.E.B.) discussed the would be useful to have a simple common two papers from the point of view of the statement as to the effective duration of buyer and user. He thought Messrs. Cox arcing and break time for the two types of and Wilcox had put forward a convincing breaker. At present it rather seemed that justification for the use of resistors with the authors were trying to keep engineers oil circuit-breakers. There were five manu­ guessing by using different methods of facturers in this country who were able to definition. The air-blast breaker appealed supply 2,500-MVA air-blast breakers and to the supply engineer, but its simplicity was all five had them in operation or manu­ rather offset by the complexity of the facture. There was not much difference in pneumatic system. The three phases of a perfoimance, but if one took into account breaker were not mechanically coupled, so the housing for the current transformer, the would pneumatic coupling between phases air-blast breaker was inherently more expen­ be really reliable ? Messrs. Cox and Wilcox sive although it was necessary to have stated that cost of construction was over­ regard for the probable development of whelmingly in favour of the dead-tank oil each type. The air-blast breaker seemed to circuit-breaker, but did they mean intrinsic have certain advantages which might ulti­ cost or purchase price ? The cost of a 2\- mately render it superior to the oil breaker MVA air-blast breaker was from £11,000 and it was by no means unlikely that later to £15,000. Shunted pots offered the developments would result in economies in prospect of increasing the effective rating of cost, so that the disadvantage as against the many ordinary oil tank breakers now in oil breaker in that respect would disappear. use comparatively cheaply. Could they be fitted without complete replacement of the Negligible Fire Risk tanks or top plates ? Mr. F. C. W i n f i e l d (Merz & McLellan) M r . H. T r e n c h a m (B.T.H. Co.) depre­ thought the bogey of fire risk with the oil cated the use of the term “ severity ” of breaker had been much over-played; in the circuit. He believed it was originally twenty years he did not think there had been introduced by E.R.A. as a comprehensive a single failure due to fire in 132-kV circuits term, but he would like it now limited to in this country and yet that, in his view, was matters which were likely to lead one adrift the only present objection to the tank type instead of embracing all factors involved in breaker. It was simpler, it required smaller circuit interruption. The papers indicated accommodation and it cost less than the that there was a good deal which was not air-blast breaker. The latter could be yet fully comprehended. Unit testing was designed to do everything the oil breaker only justifiable in special cases and Messrs. could do, but the difficulty was in the design­ Allan and Amer had indicated that they did ing of the auxiliary equipment. Air at not fully support the contention that unit from 250 to 1,000 lb was needed and it was testing was necessary. a fact that there had been trouble with air M r . L. G o s l a n d (E.R.A.) pointed out that 786 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w November 15, 1946 surge strength was becoming the predominant simplified current transformer was available factor in the design of cables and that the air-blast breaker was likely to become switching transients accounted for a great competitive with all other forms. As deal of the requirements in that respect. regarded the pneumatic operati on of isolators, The claim was made that the performance of tests had been carried out and shown them the air-blast breaker was definitely predict­ to be ideally suitable. Again, the air-blast able, but there was some doubt about that breaker was the ideal unit for switching out having regard to data produced by Brown cables, or any form of capacitance, because in America. the high voltage did not appear across the circuit-breaker until all the ionised gases had Research in Sweden been completely scavenged. Thus the Mr. M. Hammarland (Sweden) referred breaker was able to withstand the voltage to research work on the air-blast circuit which normally appeared across the contacts breaker with which he had been associated after the circuit had once been cleared. in Sweden for some years and said that M r. W ilcox, also briefly replying, said aerodynamics introduced factors of greater that if the economics of the current trans­ importance than the authors had indicated. former situation changed, then the whole In the Swedish experiment they had found a economics of the problem would change. definite upper limit of interruption of current That, and that alone, was sufficient reason for a given rate of rise of the striking voltage, not to drop air-blast breaker development. which was not constant as might be inferred He agreed that the fire risk with the oil from the curve in the paper. circuit-breaker was a bogey. Multiple-break Mr. J. A. H a r l e (Reyrolles) commented breakers had been used with considerable only on the oil breaker and suggested that success in the United States for some time, the side-vented explosion pot with switching but a 264-kV 2,500-MVA breaker could be resistor shown in Fig. 7 of Messrs. Cox and made with two breaks only in series. In Wilcox’s paper had definite limitations. America Ihey had been using eight breaks Any new design of breaker should be for 230 kV and the simplification resulting definitely proved for its capabilities for from the reduction from eight to two breaks breaking low inductive circuits and switching need not be emphasized. out the capacity current. With careful design of the contact enclosure and careful selection of speed of break, there should be American Raw Materials no trouble due to that cause. ilW k- William Clayton, U.S. Under-Secretary D r . W. B. W h i t n e y (E.R.A.) said both ^ of State for Economic Affairs, said papers indicated the fruition of ideas put in an interview on October 26th that since it forward fifteen or twenty years ago. For had become essential for the United States to instance, as long ago as 1927 the importance import certain strategic materials in short supply of short gaps in air-blast breakers was within the States, he believed the United States had reached the point in its economic inter­ stressed by E.R.A. national relations where it should give greater Mr. J. S. C l i f f (G.E.C.) emphasized the support to foreign investments by American importance of maintaining the highest business men in such materials. While, in possible pressure in the oil pot to ensure the general, he did not think the United States was greatest effectiveness. At the same time prepared to back up overseas investments of its there was a limit to the strength of the pot nationals to the extent of British tradition, an in practical design. He referred to experi­ exception might be made in the case of minerals ments which he had carried out in that essential to the national security. Pointing out that the war had either depleted connection and said that the curves in or caused near depletion of many domestic Fig. 4 of the Cox and Wilcox paper were resources, Mr. Clayton said that the develop­ generally confirmed. ment of vital industries was now dependent upon M r . A m e r , replying, said that the actual importing raw materials. Therefore, what difficulties with air-blast switchgear were happened to American investments in foreign primarily connected with the mechanical sources of supply had become a matter of complexity of the auxiliaries, but the air- national welfare. Mr. Clayton listed the blast breaker would become much simpler following materials as among essential im ports: bauxite, manganese, nitrates, chromium, copper, as time went on. For instance, he did not tin and high grade iron ores. He said that think they would see the series break switch uranium, the raw material of atomic enersv in future designs and, furthermore, when a might be added. November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 7 8 7

Meeting: Dom estic Dem and Methods Adopted at Gravesend

HROUGHOUT the country there has With a record output last year of 46,258,013 T been during the past few months a kWh (a 12 per cent increase as compared general acceleration in the growth of the with the slight national reduction) and a demand for electricity for domestic purposes. September output this year over 30 per cent Several factors have combined to bring this higher than last year, the Gravesend Elec­ tricity Department is in an exceptionally good position to assess the trend, and its experiences and problems encountered in meeting the growing demands for energy are well worth studying. The 12-sq mile area served by the under­ taking has few to equal its record of connec­ tions, 15,830 out of a total of 16,814 premises in the area of supply, with new connections going on at the rate of about sixty a month. At the moment therefore 94 per cent of the premises have supplies, but when projected overhead lines to the southern part of the area are completed this figure will be raised to 98 per cent. Electricity has been chosen for all purposes in every one of the 174 prefabricated houses erected or being erected in Gravesend and Northfleet, while all the first 86 (of an eventual 1,517) permanent houses as well as 208 concrete houses and 64 steel houses are being wired to receive cookers, wash-boilers and water heaters, all the traditional houses having 20-gal dual- purpose under-the-draining-board water heaters fitted as standard. Furthermore, the Town Council has decided to have electric Cable laying in jubilee Crescent water heaters installed in all the 132 houses erected in 1920 under the Chamberlain about, principal among them being the Scheme without any means for heating water, difficulty of procuring supplies of coal and Even in cases where it is not proposed to coke; a greater appreciation of the merits of supply electrical appliances immediately, the electrical service, partly due to wartime experiences; the return of men and women from the Forces; the erection of new and the repair of bomb-damaged houses; the availability of elec­ trical appliances in the shops again; and lack of domestic help. Just recently in particular there has been a tendency to purchase radiators, water heaters, kettles, hot-plates, etc., to guard not only against the shortage of solid fuel but also against the lowering of the gas pressure anticipated during the winter. Lorton Road substation supplying prefabricated houses 7 8 8 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w November 15, 1946

Council shares the views of the borough quite a number of the cookers installed have electrical engineer, Mr. G. V. Harrap, that been provided as a result of investigation into the cost of providing the necessary wiring in anticipation of future demand is negligible when considera­ tion is taken of the difficulty and damage to property resulting from adding the installation later. For all premises, prefabricated and per­ manent, the E.D.A. house-service unit has been adopted. In common with other under­ takings, Gravesend is finding con­ siderable difficulty in keeping abreast of demand for new apparatus, the limiting factors being both shortage of labour and materials. However, in September 71 cookers were in­ stalled compared with 21 a year earlier, 42 of them being for prefabricated houses. In July the figure was even higher—73, of which 11 „ ,a r a 4V»,. i Maximum-demand indicators have been installed in every 31 were for “ prefabs. One water one of the substations heater was installed in September last year but this September no fewer than particulars supplied by the fuel officer, who 53 consumers were supplied. Similarly 47 is also the borough engineer, of 400 premises L wash-boilers were connected (as against one) in which the cooking facilities were considered inadequate or wasteful. Many of these premises have old- fashioned kitcheners which just “ eat up ” coal and have an efficiency of about 7 per cent. Much fuel has been saved by changing over to electricity, the fuel officer reducing the extra ration of coal allowed. Facilities are provided both for hire and hire-purchase (spread over seven years) of most of the more expensive appliances. Two-plate cookers can be hired for 12s. 6d. a quarter or hire-purchased for 14s., the corresponding figures for a three-plate model being 16s. and 18s. 6d. The charges for wash-boilers are 3s. 6d. and Installing electrical equipment in a school canteen at ^S' resPeCtively, while Water Wrotham Road heaters can be hired for 5s. to 10s. and hire-purchased for and 54 immersion heaters (five). The July 6s. 6d. to 14s. 6d. according to size At figures for these two appliances were respec- present the new 20-gal dual-purpose under- tively 38 and 54. The total number of appli- the-draining-board water heater is supplied ances connected at the end of September on hire-purchase only for 13s. 6d. and so are under hire and hire-purchase schemes were: immersion heaters, 4s. 6d. for the 2-kW and Cookers 3,754; self-contained water heaters 5s. for the 3-kW types. All repairs to con- 2,787; immersion heaters 189; wash-boilers sumers’ apparatus are undertaken in the 809; and refrigerators 173. Incidentally, Department’s own workshops. These are November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 789 now too small to meet adequately the increas­ Under the domestic two-part tariff the fixed ing demands, but Mr. Harrap hopes that charge is only l\d . per £ of the net rateable larger premises will soon be available. value and the “ unit ” charge only |d. in the Apart from carrying on wiring work in summer quarter and id. in the winter. Council offices (but not houses), the Elec­ Maintenance of this low tariff has been tricity Department does not undertake possible only because at present loan charges installation work but passes on the orders are diminishing at a faster rate than the loss to local registered contractors. No provision incurred on domestic supplies. Last year is therefore made at the moment for assisted there was a net surplus of £4,898 and £3,122 wiring, installation work being available on was contributed towards the relief of the a cash basis. The Council also restricts its rates. Since developments now in hand will trading activities to the apparatus mentioned soon cause loan charges to rise again, future and does not sell any of the smaller appliances. results may necessitate a revision of the Since, however, all accounts are paid at the charges, though it will remain the policy of showrooms, Mr. Harrap feels that an oppor­ the Council to keep prices to their lowest tunity is being wasted in this direction and a level consistent with sound finance. revision of policy is under consideration. One result of the development of the At the showrooms it is the practice to have domestic load is a load factor well above the as much apparatus as possible in operation average—40-4 per cent last year. This would and available for immediate demonstration. have been higher still but for the transition The Department is also a strong advocate of from war to peacetime production and was the merits of exhibitions for publicity pur­ in fact 46-5 in the previous year and 60 per poses and in fact held one from October cent in September this year. In view of the 7th to 12th, a special feature being the use heavy cooking load, too, the weekday and of films to lead up to a cooking demon­ Sunday demand is almost the same, the stration. maximum weekday load recorded being The remarkably large consumption of 13,090 kW and the Sunday load 12,500 kW. electricity for domestic purposes (1,724 kWh Close watch on the growth of load through­ per consumer last year) is due not only to out the area is facilitated by the installation facilities for hiring and hire-purchase of of maximum demand indicators in every one apparatus but to the somewhat high gas of the undertaking’s 44 substations. This tariff (Is. 5d. a therm) compared with provides a most helpful guide as to which exceptionally low charges for electricity. districts need their supplies strengthened.

Municipal Reports

Chichester.—There was again a heavy increase loss on the year of £5,127 (against a profit of in the demand during 1945-46, which the city £363). Revised charges came into force at the electrical engineer and manager (Mr. E. H. end of the financial year. Skinner) attributes not only to general develop­ Hackney.—Compared with 1944-45 there was ment but also to the shortage of solid fuel an increase of 10-4 million kWh (14-1 per cent) causing a greater use of electric radiators. in sales last year, the total, excluding bulk Fortunately the demands made on the system supply, amounting to 83-8 million kWh. by this apparatus did not appear to be of a Revenue from the sale of electricity in the “ snap ” nature, for the output was corres­ Hackney area, £513,347 (against £462,530), pondingly increased and the load factor remained averaged 1 -470d. per kWh, a reduction of high at 38 per cent. In the undertaking’s area 0 042d. On the expenditure side, while the (excluding bulk supply to Bognor) 21-6 million quantity of electricity purchased from the kWh was sold, an increase of 11 per cent. C.E.B. was 16-6 per cent greater, the cost rose During the year 159 cookers and 40 water by 27-3 per cent. The report on the undertaking heaters were installed by the Department and (borough electrical engineer, Mr. E. A. Mills) approximately one consumer in three now has states that a contributory cause of this was the an electric cooker. accelerated depreciation of the generating plant Revenue from the sale of electricity amounted due to the poor quality of coal and onerous to £190,408 (£174,817), the average price working conditions. Total income was £605,654 obtained falling from l-53d. to l-47d. Total (£542,043), working expenses were £492,524 income rose by £15,999 while working expendi­ (£398,745), and after providing for loan and ture was up by £21,636, and after providing other charges there was a net profit of £15,281 for loan charges and taxation there was a net (£30,549). 790 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

Employment and W ages Improvements in the Electrical Industry

■TU R IN G August there were increases in the In the electrical wiring and contracting number of people employed in the various industry the number of recruits in 1945-46 was branches of the electrical industry of Great 5,786 of whom 317 were girls; this compares Britain as compared with July, although in the with 3,020 (303 girls) in 1937-38. On the other cases of electrical engineering and electrical hand there were fewer recruits to electrical apparatus, cable, etc., manufacture, the level apparatus, cable, lamps, etc., manufacture, the was still below that of mid-1945. The total being 7,452 (3,095 girls) compared with figures, which have been extracted from the 10,082 (4,455 girls) in 1937-38. October issue of the Ministry of Labour Gazette The returns do not include separate figures are shown in the accompanying table :— for the electrical engineering industry, but it is

Employment D uring A ugust (T h o u s a n d s )

Males (14-fi5) Females (14-60) Total B ran ch M id - M id- A u g u st, M id- M id- A u g u st, M id - M id- A ugust, 1939 1945 1946 1939 1945 1946 1939 1945 1946

Electrical engineering 105-9 106-1 109-0 28-0 69-7 46-7 133-9 175-8 155-7 Electrical wiring and contract­ ing 38-9 32-0 42-6 2-8 5-5 5-2 41-7 37-5 47-8 Electrical apparatus, cables, etc. 116-4 112-2 129-8 79-5 167-7 118-1 195-9 279-9 247-9

Statistics of unemployment in the industry shown that for engineering as a whole new (United Kingdom) at September 16th were as entrants numbered 39,707 (8,550 girls) against follows:—Electrical engineering, 2,514 (730 34,840 (6,851 girls). females); electrical wiring and contracting, 1,307 (72 females); electrical apparatus, cable, lamps, etc., manufacture, 3,423 (1,488 females). Plastics Exhibition These figures were all lower than those given for August 12th last. tJiH E ever-growing use of plastics in industry and in the home is shown at the first post­ Changes in W orkers’ Earnings war Plastics Exhibition which is now running at Based on returns from 9,800 establishments, Dorland Hall, Lower Regent Street, S.W.l. statistics in the G a zette show the average earnings The exhibition, which is sponsored by the of manual workers in various industries during Daily Graphic in association with the British noe week in July last, with the percentage Plastics Federation, is not a trade show, but increase over October, 1938 (July in the case of is intended to present the story of plastics in most engineering returns). The highest was a simple form with the object of placing them 116s. lid. (treatment of non-metalliferous mine in correct perspective to other materials. The and quarry products) and the lowest 69s. 4d. exhibition is divided into six main sections and (clothing), the average being 100s. 5d. The there are also a number of rooms which are greatest proportionate increase in earnings was treated throughout in plastics. in miscellaneous manufacturing industries On entering the exhibition the visitor is first (111 per cent), with an average rise for the given a brief description of the historical whole group of 89 per cent. development of plastics and their origin and the Statistics included for the electrical industry various types now in existence, of which there show that the average earnings, with percentage are nearly thirty. From there he proceeds to increases over 1938 in parentheses, were as the Rainbow ” room which has been specially follows:—■ Electrical engineering, 103s. 2d. designed to show the wealth of colour which the (103); electrical apparatus, cables, lamps, etc., use of modern plastics can bring. From the manufacture, 96s. 6d. (93); electrical contract­ electrical point of view chief interest is in the ing, 93s. lOd. (65); and electricity supply, plastics arcade, which is a series of shop displays 110s. 2d. (60). showing a selection of appliances and utensils for the home, and examples shown include Juveniles Entering Employment electrical accessories, such as switches, plugs and The number of juvenile entrants to various sockets, lampholders, lampshades, electric irons industries is analysed in another article in the and iron handles, a hair dryer casing, radio G azette. It deals only with insurable employ­ cabinets, table lamps electric clock cases ment and those juveniles whose first job after vacuum cleaners, bell accessories, insulated plier leaving school was in the particular industry grips and meter cases. The exhibition closes co n cern ed . on November 27th. November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 791 COMMERCE and INDUSTRY Forty-Hour Week Discussions. Export Conference Arrangements.

W i EPRESENTATIVES of the employers and carry out the Council’s day-to-day technical trade unions in the engineering industry activities. Meetings between the industry and met in London last week to discuss the the Inter-Service Components Technical Com­ unions' claim for a reduction of weekly hours mittee (later transformed into the Radio Com­ from forty-seven to forty without loss of pay. ponents Standardization Committee) have No decision was reached and the discussion was proved their value. adjourned until November 26th. Standardization of screw threads and of valves was pursued during the year and in Electric Clothes-boilers conjunction with the British Standards Insti­ In the House of Commons last week, Mr. tution much attention has been paid to the Collins asked the Minister of Supply whether standardization of radio apparatus in matters electric clothes-boilers were now in plentiful affecting the user. supply; and why large quantities were adver­ tized for sale by a London retail store, instead Token Imports of being evenly distributed through normal Besides Canada, the United States, Belgium trade channels. and Switzerland, the token imports scheme has Mr. Wilmot replied in the affirmative. After been extended to include France, Holland, Den­ meeting essential needs, producers were, he mark and Sweden. Token imports of the goods said, free to dispose of their products as they covered by the arrangement will accordingly wished. be admitted from individual manufacturers in those countries at the same yearly rate of Transmitters for Sweden 20 per cent by value of each manufacturer’s Long- and short-wave transmitting equipment pre-war trade with the United Kingdom in the worth nearly £20,000 has been ordered from goods in question. Marconi’s Wireless Telegraph Co., Ltd., by the Swedish Telegraph Administration. The con­ Overhead Line Charts tract covers the supply of a 40-kW air-cooled Last year Mr. J. S. Forrest, Central Elec­ long-wave transmitter which will be installed tricity Board, contributed to the E lectrical at Karlsborg in Southern Sweden and will be R eview a series of charts, with examples employed on the European telegraph service; demonstrating their use, for calculating the load- and two 7-kW short-wave transmitters which carrying capacity and voltage drop of overhead are to be erected at Grimeton on the Swedish lines. These covered various conductor sizes west coast and will be used to augment the and lengths for a range of voltages from 400 existing telegraph service with America. to 264,000. This matter forms the basis of “ Overbead-Line Charts ” which has just been New Aluminium Cable Company published by the Electrical Review, Ltd., It is understood that the Aluminium Wire & Dorset House, Stamford Street, London, S.E.l, Cable Co. is being formed as a private company at 2s. 6d. It takes the form of a 20-page booklet with an authorized capital of £500,000. with an attractive cover design and is a conven­ According to the Financial Times the promoters ient reference book for constructors and are the British Aluminium Co., Ltd., Hawker operators of overhead line systems. Siddeley Aircraft Co., Ltd., and Tube Invest­ ments, Ltd. The proposed directors of the new Apprentices’ Hostel company are:—Hon. G. Cunliffe and Mr. On November 2nd the Mayoress of Chelms­ G. J. S. Boex (directors of the British Aluminium ford (Councillor Mrs. H. M. Hodge) officially Co.), Sir Frank Spriggs and Mr. H. Burroughes opened a new hostel for the apprentices of (directors of Hawker Siddeley Aircraft Co.), Crompton Parkinson, Ltd., at Phoenix House, Mr. E. Austyn Reynolds (a director of Tube Chelmsford, which is prominently situated in the Investments), and Mr. A. J. S. Aston (a director London Road and adjoins the grounds of the of Reynolds Rolling Mills, a subsidiary of Tube social centre. The accommodation consists of Investments). spacious dining room, lounge and study rooms, and sleeping quarters for thirty. Games and Radio Industry Council hobby rooms are being provided in buildings in In a summary of its first year’s work the the gardens. After an inspection of the building, Radio Industry Council refers to the formation the guests took tea with the Mayor and Mayor­ of a Technical Directive Board, representing ess. Mr. T. H. Windibank, M.I.E.E., the works the four constituent associations, to. act in an director, who presided, expressed the company’s advisory capacity to the Council, and the setting appreciation of the great assistance rendered by up of a Technical Executive Committee to tbe Mayor and Mayoress to obtain much of the 792 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w November 15, 1946

equipment and furnishings, and of the interest and spread the light on the display material they had taken in the project. After the immediately below. Mayoress had addressed the apprentices, urging The illumination of a nearby café has been them to take every advantage of'the study modelled on similar lines as a result of a visit facilities which the house offered, Mr. J. C. P. to these showrooms. Anderson, B.Sc., president of the Apprentices’ Association, expressed thanks to the company Women’s Engineering Society for the generous provision. The Women’s Engineering Society is holding its annual conference in Birmingham from Imperial Preference Assurance November 22nd to 24th. The theme of the Sir Stafford Cripps, the President of the Board conference will be “ Education and Training of Trade, in a letter to the National Union of for Engineering,” and papers will be read by Manufacturers, regarding its recent repre­ Mr. C. A. Harrison, B.A., Mr. John Maslin. sentations on the subject of imperial preference, and Miss Verena Holmes, M.I.Mech.E. On reassures manufacturers that these preferences Saturday, November 23rd, at the University, will only be contracted as part of a general Edmund Street, the president and Council will settlement advantageous to this country. give a dinner in the evening to engineers and industrialists, at which the speakers will be Selling Lighting Ideas Miss Jennie Lee, M.P., and Professor M. L. E. Oliphant, F.R.S. Inquiries and applications An excellent example is provided by Craven for tickets should be made to the Secretary, & Co., electrical contractors, 473, Norwood Women’s Engineering Society, 35, Grosvenor Road, London, S.E.27, of the way an energetic Place, London, S.W .l. and imaginative retailer can build up his own reputation as a lighting engineer and at the same time educate the light-using public. The Conference on Export main showroom lighting scheme is arranged Delegates from all parts of Britain, represent­ around the walls, the upper part acting as a shelf ing a wide range of industries, will attend the for stock such as lampshades, etc. Fluorescent Export Conference to be held by the Federation lamps, some “ daylight” and some “warm white,” of British Industries in the Central Hall, West­ have been used with lightly diffused glass both minster, on Wednesday and Thursday, Nov­ top and bottom. Good lighting is provided for ember 27th and 28th. Means by which Britain’s the articles displayed below, while the upward export drive can be further strengthened will light brightens the ceiling and upper wall area, be defined and discussed and, in addition to thus providing a well-diffused light throughout F.B.I. member-firms, the Institute of Export the showroom and illuminating the lampshades and the British Export Trade Research Organiza­ tion will be officially represented. The confer­ ence will be opened by Sir Clive Baillien, K.B.E.. C.M .G., president of the ., and Mr. Leslie Gamage, M.C., who is a member of the F.B.I. Grand Council, presi­ dent of the Institute of Export and chairman of B.E.T.R.O., will preside. At the first session Sir Stafford Cripps, M.P., President of the Board of Trade, will speak on the significance of exports to the national life and Lord Bennett (former Prime Minister of Canada) on the British export problem from the Dominion point of Modern lighting effectively demonstrated view. At succeeding .... , , sessions the speakers placed on the upper glass and the array of will include Sir John Woods, K.C.B., M.V O fittings suspended from the ceiling. This Permanent Secretary' of the Board of Trade; arrangement requires only a wood frame and Sir Norman V. Kipping, J.P., Director-General glass panels, the latter, although not absolutely of the F.B.I.; Lt. Col. H. B. Riggall, J.P., essential for the lower section, helping to soften president of the British Engineers’ Association; November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 793

Goodale, C.B.E., M.C., president Gillett & Johnston, Ltd., the electric clock seems of the Silk and Rayon Users’ Association; fast becoming predominant. St. Mary’s Church, Mr. E. A. Carpenter, J.P., vice-president of Portsea, Hants, is one of the most important of the Manchester Chamber of Commerce; and the conversions from former weight-driven Sir Frederick Bain, M.C., deputy-president of clocks, a large synchronous timepiece being the F.B.I. The addresses at the three final driven by a special high-torque motor. Both sessions will be followed by open discussion. St. Marychurch Town Hall, Torquay, and the Treboeth Public Hall, Swansea, have 2 ft 6 in. New Plastics Company dials, the latter installation being glazed with opal glass for internal illumination. A motor- Thomas De La Rue & Co., Ltd., announce driven hour striking unit sounds the hours on that negotiations are proceeding for the forma­ a new lj-cwt bell of Langford Church, near tion of a new company, to be called National Maldon, Essex. Plastics, Ltd., to acquire and amalgamate the undertakings of De La Rue Plastics, Ltd., and Moulded Products, Ltd. It is intended that Contract Price Adjustment Formulae Thomas De La Rue & Co., Ltd., shall have a The latest figures for the British Electrical substantial interest in the new company and and Allied M anufacturers’ Association contract that the members of the present board of De price adjustment formulas are as follows:— La Rue Plastics, Ltd., shall join the board of Rate of pay for adult male labour (November the new company under the chairmanship of 9th) 103s. (no change). Cost of material: The Mr. B. C. Westall, with Mr. W. J. Merifield, index figure for intermediate products published chairman of Moulded Products, Ltd., as deputy by the Board of Trade on November 9th was chairman. Mr. FI. P. Bridge, managing director 199-9, which is the figure for October (against of De La Rue Plastics, and Mr. FI. W. F. 198-8 for September). Ireland, managing director of Moulded Products, have agreed to serve as joint managing directors Batti-Wallahs’ Luncheon of the new company. The next luncheon of the Batti-Wallahs, Society will be held at the Connaught Rooms’ Reports on German Industry Great Queen Street, W.C.2, on November The latest list of reports by investigating 28th. The principal guest will be Lt. Col. N. teams on various branches of German industry Elliott, general manager and chief engineer of include the following:—B.I.O.S. 411. “ Mis­ the London and Home Counties J.E.A. who cellaneous Electrical Factories in the British will speak on “ Electricity in the Service of the and American Zones ” (3s. 6d.). B.I.O.S. 767. 21st Army Group.” “ Accumulator Manufacture in Germany ” (3d. 6d.). B.I.O.S. 826. “ Investigation of American Rubber Buying German Researches on Fine Structure of Metals Following the announcement by Mr. with especial reference to X-ray Diffraction Marquand last week that the Board of Trade Techniques” (2s.). F.I.A.T. 617. “ The would cease to purchase rubber by January 1st, Electrical and Technical Ceramic Industry of it is reported by the Wall Street Journal th a t the Germany ” (13s.). F.I.A.T. 706. “ Report on United States Government also intends to Selenium Dry Rectifier Developments ” (5s.). abandon the bulk purchase of rubber, probably on January 1st but by next Easter at Submarine Telephone Repeater the latest. Measures are being taken to exercise In the reference in the Electrical Review o f some form of control to guarantee a market for October 25th, to the submarine telephone cable the great synthetic rubber industry. recently laid between this country and Germany, it was stated that the Anglo-Irish co-axial cable “ Export Trader ” Review was air-insulated. We are advised by the A special issue of the Export Trader, one o f General Post Office that owing to a clerical the Associated Iliffe journals, devoted to the error the information it supplied to us was interests of Britain’s overseas trade, is now in incorrect in regard to the latter. The Anglo- course of dispatch to readers in sixty-eight Irish cable is insulated with paragutta, air being countries. The Annual Review of Design and used for inland cables. Production, as this issue is called, contains a complete survey of Britain’s progress in the Smelting Company’s Centenary field of cars, lorries, accessories and service During October the Sheffield Smelting Co., e q u ip m en t. Ltd., completed 100 years under its present title, although it was established over 180 years ago. Northampton Electrical Association The October meeting of the Northampton Synchronous Clock Installations and District Electrical Association was held at Judging from contracts for new electric clock the College of Technology, Northampton, when installations and conversions from former a paper on “ Telephones ” was read by Mr. E. J. mechanical timekeepers recently carried out by Bagnell of the G.P.O. Engineering Department. 794 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

With the aid of slides the development of the of engineering and the second the names of post­ present automatic system from the original advanced courses in engineering which form part efforts of Alexander Graham Bell was traced. of the normal provision at technical colleges in An automatic telephone exchange was on show the Region. Further particulars can be obtained and the sequence of operations was demon­ on application to the hon. secretary of the strated. Questions which followed the paper Regional Advisory Council, Education Offices, were answered by practical demonstrations on Deansgate, Manchester, 3. the actual equipment. Engineering Training Bideford Farm Exhibition Ransomes & Rapier, Ltd., Waterside Works’ An Electricity on the Farm Exhibition Ipswich, have issued a pamphlet giving details organised by the Bideford & District Electric of their engineering training scheme for boys Supply Co., Ltd., was held recently in the and apprentices. The period of training is five Bideford Drill Hall, the miniature shooting years with a two or three years’ post-graduate range of which was converted into a demonstra­ course. With this pamphlet the company is tion kitchen for the purpose of giving daily also issuing an illustrated folder listing the electric cooking demonstrations and advice to' range of its products. farmers’ wives. In the main hall means of Brush Company’s Scheme In order to provide more room at the Lough­ borough works of the Brush Electrical Engineer­ ing Co., Ltd., for the manufacture of electrical products, the section of the works manufacturing small Diesel engines is to be transferred to Wishaw, Lanarkshire, and the section concerned with large engines is to be moved to Leeds. It is unlikely that the moves will be carried out before the end of 1947. One of the biggest problems connected with the move is the pro­ vision of houses for workers. New American Factory The General Electric Co. of America is to build a $20 million plant for the manufacture of turbines and electric generators in Schenectady, according to a statement by Mr. C. E. Wilson the president of the company. A Reuter’s Trade Service (New York) message Electricity on the Farm Exhibition at Bideford says that the plant should be completed about twenty months after the start of construction, obtaining hot water for the dairy and house the date of which has not been fixed. Installa­ were exhibited. In the same section there were tion of equipment will require six to nine months pumping sets, electric motors, an “ Essex ” more. The turbines manufactured in the new mill in regular use for demonstrations, etc. building will be of from 20,000 to 200,000 kW The domestic equipment stand included every cap acity . form of appliance from electric irons up to washing machines and refrigerators. Ideal Home Exhibition There was a byre and dairy equipment T h e D aily M a il Ideal Home Exhibition is to section and a display of general equipment. be revived next year and will be held at Olympia ; The general layout of the main hall was from March 4th to 29th. At the last exhibition 1 enhanced by E.D.A. show-stands, posters, held in April-May, 1939, the electrical industry - display material and model kitchens. In a was well represented. separate room over the machinery hall, sound film shows on modern farming and rural topics Resin-coated Yam were given each evening. There was an excellent Mr. E. B. Higgins, of Imperial Chemical attendance throughout the week. Industries, Ltd., addressing the Blackburn Engineering Lectures in Manchester Textile Society on October 25th on the use of resins in the treatment of yarns, said that one The Regional Advisory Council for Technical of the chief outlets envisaged by the newer and Other Forms of Further Education for methods was for the production of yarns for Manchester and District has published a syllabus the manufacture of sleevings and braidings used of courses in electrical and mechanical engineer­ in the electrical trade. These outer wire ing ip its Region during the session 1946-47. coverings had to withstand a considerable The publication is in two parts, the first giving amount of abrasion in the course of their daily details of evening courses in specialized branches usage and at present protection was given by November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 795 a starch treatment. Because of the heavy the gross imports having risen from £186,124 starch loading, however, the yarn provided a to £811,032, an advance of over 330 per cent. rich feeding ground for airborne micro­ organisms and, in consequence, was susceptible Trade Publications to rapid mildew growth. The growth needed English Electric Co., Ltd., Queen’s House, a moist atmosphere, attracted water from the Kingsway, London, W .C.2.— Brochure (ST. 102) air, and might lead to serious electrical defects of tabulated details, with customers’ names, of as a result. By using a resin-coated yarn, the turbo-alternator sets above 5,000 kW now required resistance to abrasion was easily being built or installed since 1920. obtained and the danger due to mildew growth Mullard Wireless Service Co., Ltd., Century was eliminated. Also the high insulation House, Shaftesbury Avenue, London, W.C.2.— properties of resins made them particularly Folder (MV.784) containing tabulated basic suitable for this work. data, prices, diagrammatic illustrations of base connections and dimensions of lower power New Scottish Industrial Estate transmitting valves for amateurs. The Vale of Leven Industrial Estate, near General Electric Co., Ltd., Magnet House, Glasgow, was formally opened on Thursday Kingsway, London, W.C.2.—Illustrated cata­ last week by Sir Philip W arter, of the Board of logue with separate price list of fluorescent Trade. The first tenants will be the Bowser lamps, fittings and accessories. International, Ltd., which specializes in re­ Ransomes & Rapier, Ltd., Waterside Works, frigerating plant, electrical gear for garages, Ipswich.—Illustrated folder (No. 2/454) on and airport equipment, and expects to employ mobile self-priming water pumps of various 600 workers in its factory which should be types and sizes driven electrically or by Diesel ready in a year. or petrol engines. Rubber Bonded to Metal Dissolution of Partnership Following the success of the Rubber-Bonded- The partnership between Messrs. J. E. Lawton, to-Metal Exhibition held in Birmingham last J. Brown and G. A. Pickles, carrying on business June, Rubber Bonders, Ltd., are holding a as B.A. Products, electrical and mechanical similar display from December 16th to 20th at engineers, at 42, St. Peter Avenue, Bethnal the Chorlton Town Hall, All Saints, Manchester. Green, London, E.2, has been dissolved. Mr. Admittance is by business card, or invitation G. A. Pickles will attend to debts and carry on ticket available on application to the company the business under the style of B.A. Products. at Flexilant Works, Dunstable. Five-day Week Eire’s Electrical Imports William McGeoch & Co., Ltd., state that From the recently published official returns they have adopted the five-day week. No goods of the imports and exports of Eire during the will be received or dispatched on Saturdays but first half of the current year, the accompanying a small staff is at present available for approxi­ table has been compiled showing the imports of mately two hours to deal with urgent corre­ spo n d en ce. J a n .- J u n e , C lass 1945 1946 Trade Announcements £ £ Electric m otors 8,178 29,077 The Electro Dynamic Construction Co., Ltd., Electrical measuring instru­ has appointed Mr. W. A. Clare, 40, Houlds- ments and apparatus 391 26,609 worth Street, Glasgow, C.3, (Telephone: Central Other electrical machinery . . 34,634 137,669 Vacuum cleaners 1,723 22,663 2620; telegrams: Bilgement, Glasgow) as its Dry batteries and parts 3,929 6,829 agent for Scotland for Admiralty, marine and Electric lamp bulbs 14,503 25,811 all its other products, with the exception of Electric fires, kettles, irons, etc. 5,898 26,740 radio power plant, which will continue to be Electric cooking apparatus handled by Mr. C. M. Sinclair of 93, Waterloo a n d p a rts 1,738 22,341 Street, Glasgow, C.2. Electric lighting accessories, fittings and parts 15,419 50,580 Kautex (Plastics), Ltd., has formed Silicon Electric wires and cables 23,182 166,871 (Organic) Developments, Ltd., to take over the Copper wire in coils, uninsu­ “ Kex ” products side of its business. The new lated 22,614 83,004 Telegraph and telephone company will operate from 11, Cavendish a p p a ra tu s 23,775 85,745 Place, London, W.l. (Tel. Langham 1373). Wireless apparatus 30,140 127,093 Kautex (Plastics), Ltd., remains at Elstree, T o ta ls £186,124 £811,032 H erts. A. D. Davidson Electric Co. has now changed electrical machinery and allied material during its head office from 82a/84, Hurst Street, to that period as compared with the corresponding 62, Granville Street, Birmingham, 1. six months of 1945. It will be seen that the Oliver Melville & Co., electrical contractors, trade has undergone a striking improvement, have removed to 66, High Street, Kirkcaldy. 796 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w November 15, 1946

Women’s Engineering Society. Annual con­ Forthcoming Events ference (from November 22nd to 24th). Monday, November 18th.— L o n d o n . — I.E .E . Pontypridd. —-Association of Mining Elec­ London Students’ Section. 7 p.m. The trical and Mechanical Engineers (South Wales Students’ Lecture. “ The Trend of Modern Branch), 6 p.m. Discussion on “ Electricity in Telecommunication,” by A. H. Mumford. Mines during the year 1945,” opened by G. H. Birmingham. —Grand Hotel. Birmingham H arv ey . Electric Club. “ The German Electric Supply Saturday, November 23rd.— S h e f f i e l d . — T h e System, 1933-1946,” by G. R. Peterson. University, 2 p.m. Institute of Physics (Indus­ Tuesday, November 19th.— L o n d o n . — M ag n e t trial Spectroscopic Group). “ The Develop­ House, Kingsway, W.C.2, 6.15 p.m. “ Notes ment of the Metro-Vick Spark Unit,” by Messrs. on Present-day Cable Practice,” by J. R. Braudo and Clayton. Harding. Joint meeting of A.S.E.E. with the Hebburn-on-Tyne. — I.E.E. North-Eastern Institution of Engineers-in-Charge. Students’ Section, 2.30 p.m. Visit to the E d i n b u r g h . —Freemasons’ Hall, 96, George Bushing Company. Street, 7.30 p.m. Edinburgh Electrical Society. Monday, November 25th.— New castle-on- Public lecture (with lantern slides). “ Tele­ T y n e . —Neville Hall, Westgate Road, 6.15 p.m. vision,” by A. B. Howe. I.E.E. North-Eastern Centre. “ Rural Electri­ Wednesday, November 20th.— L o n d o n . — In ­ fication : The Use of the Single-Phase System stitution of Electrical Engineers, Radio Section, of Supply,” by J. S. Pickles and W. H. Wills. 5.30 p.m. “ The Voltage Characteristics of Birmingham. — The University, Edmund Polythene Cables,” by R. Davis, A. E. W. Street, 6 p.m. I.E.E. South Midland Centre. Austen and Prof. Willis Jackson. Lecture summarizing all the papers and I.E.E. London Students’ Section, 2.30 p.m. lectures given at the Radiolocation Convention, Visit to the New Southgate works of Standard 1946, by R. A. Smith. (Joint meeting with the Telephones & Cables, Ltd. Radio Group.) At E.L.M.A. Lighting Service Bureau, 2, B r i s t o l . — The University, 5 p.m. I.E.E. Savoy Hill, W.C.2, 7 p.m. Electrical Power Western Centre (Installations Group). “ Engin­ Engineers’ Association (London Local Group). eering Principles applied to the Design of Water —“ Some Modern Developments in Switch- Heating Installations of the Solid Fuel/Electric gear,” by A. T. Crawford. Type,” by R. Grierson and Forbes Jackson. Loughborough. —The College, 7 p.m. I.E.E. Tuesday, November 26th.— L o n d o n . — A t th e South Midlands Students’ Section. “ Lightning Dorchester Hotel, Park Lane, W .l, 1 p.m. Protection of H. V. Systems,” by J. Mitchell. Federation of Associations of Specialists and Thursday, November 21st.— L o n d o n . — In s titu ­ Sub-Contractors. Annual luncheon. tion of Electrical Engineers, 5.30 p.m. “ The C o v e n t r y . —Coventry Electric Club. Film Development and Design of Colonial Tele­ sh o w . communication Systems and Plant,” and “ The General Planning and Organization of Colonial Telecommunication Systems,” by C. Lawton Ayrshire Board’s Activities and V. H. Winson. TfcU RIN G the year ended May 15th last, 2,392 London School of Hygiene and Tropical new consumers were connected to the Medicine, Keppel Street, W .C.l, 6 p.m. British system of the Ayrshire Electricity Board, making Institution of Radio Engineers. “ The Iono­ the total 62,566 (42,303 in sixteen burghs and sphere and the Transmission of Radio Waves,” 20,263 in rural districts). In its area of 1,100 by Prof. G. W. O. Howe. sq miles the Board last year sold 172-7 M anchester. — Engineers’ Club, Albert million kWh, a reduction compared with Square, 6 p.m. I.E.E. North-Western Centre 1944-45 of 27-6 million kWh, wholly due to (Radio Group). “ A Method of Transmitting contraction of the industrial load (other supplies Sound on the Vision-Carrier of a Television increased by 9-8 million kWh). System,” by D. I. Lawson, A. V. Lord and S. R. Dealing with industrial load prospects, the K h a rb a n d a . general manager (Mr. W. C. Bexon) records Friday, November 22nd.— L o n d o n . — In s titu ­ that a new industrial estate is being built at tion of Electrical Engineers, Measurements Kilwinning, a large factory at Kilmarnock is in Section, 5.30 p.m. “ The Design of an Ellipsoid course of erection, and another large factory in Voltmeter for the Precision Measurement of the northern area is being fitted with electrically High Alternating Voltages ” and “ Calibration driven machinery, as well as electrode boilers of Uniform-Field Spark-Gaps for High-Voltage for heating and process steam. The lace mills Measurement at Power Frequencies,” by F. M. which were closed down through concentration B ruce. of industry are now mostly in production again. Birmingham. —Imperial Hotel, Temple Street, The Board’s total revenue fell by £61,861 to 6 p.m. Illuminating Engineering Society £737,656, whereas working expenses rose by (Birmingham Centre). “ Lighting in Photo­ £54,527 to £690,521; after meeting loan charges, graphy,” by G. A. Jones. etc., the net result was a profit of £115. November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 797

P iw m Bi i H i o n in South W alo§ Manufacture of Switchgear and Transformers

N our issue of October 18th we referred 25 MVA rating and h.r.c. switch and fuse gear. I to the recent enterprise of South Wales Large contracts are also in hand for power Switchgear, Ltd., in the establishment of a transformers which will ultimately occupy new factory at Blackwood for the manu­ the whole of the production capacity at facture of domestic appliances. It is proposed Treforest. Types up to 1,000-kVA capacity shortly to build a further new 25,000-sq ft at 33 kV and intermediate voltages are made factory there as an extension to which and we saw numerous 300-, 400- and 500- switchgear manufacture will be transferred kVA units in various- stages of construc­ later. In the meantime production con­ tion. At the moment, although the company tinues at Treforest and the range of equipment covered includes 6-6-kV and 11-kV switchgear, tested up to 250 MVA and available as air-insul­ ated or compound-filled gear and in single bus and double bus arrange­ ment. When we visited the factory recently, gear in course of construc­ tion included items of large contracts for the British Nylon Co., Cardiff Corporation and many other munici­ palities. There was also a consider­ able amount of ring-main metalclad switchgear as well as several examples of kiosks incorporating 11-kV switchgear, power transformers and l.v. gear, one just completed being for Tredegar. In addition to these the products include 400-V air-insulated metalclad switchboards of up to

s U i l to 4 mafe jhis jfl,» I 11!'

Compound-filled ring-main metalclad unit just Cts, B completed for Cardiff Corporation and (left) t t c t c 1,200-A, 250-M VA circuit-breaker for the British Nylon Co., showing contacts i ll i ll i c k i i i supplies on-load tap-changing gear, « i :trie6 it does not manufacture its own and we were specially interested, therefore, to see the prototype of a new tap-chang­ ing switch now being developed for incorporation in the company’s gear. Ml» Small single-phase and three-phase low- s e l | voltage air-insulated transformers are now being made in sizes up to 30 kVA 798 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946 and pole-mounting transformers up to 75 jobbing lines as separate as possible and by kVA. An ingenious device for measuring the standardization, wherever practicable, of transformer ratio constructed by the company’s own engineers greatly facilitates manufacture. The “ Syntron ” vibration feed is another product which the company is making for its associated concern, the Inter­ national Combustion Co., Ltd. Items produced during the war for the Admiralty included a large variety of electrical plant, heavy-current ring-main units and large switchboards for all classes of vessels, and panels for Metadyne gun-control and for radar equipments. Other war­ time work was the production of torpedoes and mines; a newly designed type of the latter made in Treforest was subsequently laid in large numbers in the Kiel Canal and the Baltic before “ D ” day. The change-over from war to peacetime activities has pro­ ceeded very quickly and the rapid expansion programme has been achieved by recruiting per­ sonnel both from the locality and all over the country. Hav­ ing started manufacture so com­ paratively recently, the company Apprentice at work on a 300-kVA transformer has been in the happy position of being able to adopt the most up-to-date components which can be incorporated in designs and methods. apparatus required to meet any special Although so much of the work undertaken, demands. In certain respects jigging is especially in switchgear, is to meet special employed quite as much as in larger factories, requirements, quantity production is very both fabricating as well as machine shop jigs much greater than one would have expected being extensively utilized. Considerable use in a factory of this kind. This has been made is also made of extruded sections and possible by keeping mass produced and pressings.

Railway Coach Lighting

tlO M E idea of what the new Great Western lamps are inset behind peach-coloured glass rolling stock will be like was gained discs over the tables, while decorative circular at a pre-view of a redecorated and newly panels are recessed centrally in the ceiling. furnished train that was inspected at Paddington The third-class saloon is similarly treated, except on Tuesday of this week. The only feature of that the recesses are square and the satin- electrical interest is the artificial illumination, finished glassware is green. The sleeping cars some of the coaches being provided with have “ plasticized ” interiors with plastic shades fluorescent lighting. In the first-class compart­ for the lamps over the bed-head, wall mirror ments two tubes are concealed behind the front and wash basin. General lighting of the com­ of the luggage rack and another is fitted centrally partments is by flush fittings covered with etched in the ceiling. In the third-class compartments glass, each lamp being separately controlled there are two celling fittings. with all switches conveniently grouped alongside In the first-class dining saloon normal bulb th e bed. November 15, 1 9 4 6 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 799 RECENT INTRODUCTIONS Notes on New Electrical and Allied Products

Exhaust Fans is a new watchman’s clock with a much more compact recording mechanism, and a cabinet of A RANGE of exhaust fans is being made in modern design. England by Delco-Remy & H yatt, Ltd., Ill, Grosvenor Road, London, S.W.l. Both Battery Tester 8 and 10 in. models are available for three- and single-phase operation. They are mounted The high-discharge battery tester made by on rubber vibration absorbers in a cast alu­ Partridge, W ilson & C o., L t d . , D av en set minium ring arranged for three-hole fixing with Electrical Works, Evington Valley Road, a terminal box cast in the ring. Leicester, is designed for testing the voltage of The “ Delco ” motor is of the shaded-pole type to impart adequate starting torque. The yoke and oil reservoir are cast integrally in one piece and the stator coils are treated to withstand humid atmospheres. The laminated rotor core is surrounded by die-cast aluminium, revolving on a stationary shaft, the rotor-end forming a boss to carry the aluminium fan blades. Cork and fibre washers are inserted for cushioning end play.

New Gent Products Oavenset high-discharge battery tester A new range of synchronous electric clocks lead acid or alkaline accumulator cells under a shortly to go into production at G e n t & C o .’s discharge of 100 to 140 A. Completely moulded Faraday Works, Leicester, has reached the in shock- and heat-resisting black bakelite, the p ro to ty p e stage. shape is attractive and practical. The plane Styling has been of the contact prongs and voltmeter dial is at a carried out by an convenient angle to the pistol grip handle and authority on design good contact pressure may be transmitted to and interior decora­ the prongs, which are suitably spaced for any tion, and new type of cell. The dial, illuminated by a concealed materials, notably light, is calibrated and zoned in different anodized aluminium colours indicating at a glance whether the cell and Perspex are em­ under test is “ Dead,” “ Medium ” or “ Good ” ployed. A cheaper and the instrument has a centre zero. and more conven­ tional model has a la m in a te d plastic Improving Room Atmospheres case in two colours. A wood-cabinet unit of polished walnut Several neat wall finish, or alternative colours, for precipitating clocks will also tobacco smoke and deodorizing room atmos­ make their appear- pheres has been named “ Ozono ” by E.C.D., L t d . , Tonbridge. The cabinet has wire-mesh grilles in its sides and a switch at the front, the loading being 12 W, for connection to a.c. mains. Model E/2, measuring 14-5 by 10-5 by 7 in., is suitable for up to 20,000 cu ft of air, or about half that volume under adverse conditions. Brass-Alloy Electric Iron One of the range of household clothes irons m ad e by C raft E lectrical Industries, Ltd., Gent & Co. watchman’s Tonge Lane Works, Whitworth, near Rochdale, clock and underdome b u z z e r Lancs, is the patented “ Quickheat ” which is totally die-cast of a brass alloy originally ance soon. Another new product is a 3-in. evolved for the Admiralty. It is a bright gold underdome bell in which the whole of the colour when hot and will not rust, so cannot mechanism is housed inside the dome. This unit soil linen; there is no plating to peel, thus is also available as a buzzer. Among the many obviating “ plucking ” of silk and other fine revisions of design which are being carried out fabrics. The number of components is less than 8 0 0 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 1 5 , 1 9 4 6 half the normal; a one-stud locking device is his other devices, is being produced by L a m l o k , employed and a standard element procurable L t d . , 163, Vivian Avenue, Wembley, Middlesex. from any dealer can be fitted for replacement It is known as the “ B o B ” rin g a n d is m ad e without needing to return the iron to its makers. in one piece and one type only. It can be used There are no loose connections or pins and the in tunnel shades and skirted holders. one-piece plastic handle embodies a patented The ring is slipped over the lamp cap to rest terminal box that enables the connector cord on the shoulder. After it has been turned to be renewed quickly. Asbestos deflector until the cap pins register with the peg and plates prevent overheating of the upper part of locking screw of the ring, the lamp can be th e b o d y . bayoneted home in the ordinary manner. The locking screw can then be tightened with Redesigned Switches the aid of a “ Lamlok ” key, which can be The well-known range of distribution switches carried in the pocket like a pencil, no other known as the “ Glasgow-Rex ” series has been tools being needed. The ring is quite free on redesigned for more arduous duties by the the lamp as well as the holder, so that neither is subjected to any strains. Sound-film Projector A sound-film projector of the 16 mm size designated type-301 is being placed on the market by the British Thom son-Houston Co., L t d . , Rugby. It is entirely British made and half the weight of its predecessor, furnishing twice the screen illumination and twice the volume of sound. The projector is driven by a constant-speed motor of the synchronous capacitor type, so avoiding sound distortion due to speed varia­ tion. The machine is energized through a mains input transformer, which serves the motor, lamp and amplifier; it incorporates a number of constructional improvements and is built on the unit principle for quick replace­ ment of complete sections and ready accessibility to simplify servicing. All controls are grouped on one side of the projector, which weighs 39 lb and, with spare parts, fits into a carrying case less than 9 in. wide. A 12 in. p e rm a n e n t magnet loudspeaker is mounted in a second carrying case, Redesigned M.E.M. fuse-switch with accessories.

M idland E lectric M anufacturing Co., Ltd., Enamelled Reddings Lane, Birmingham, 11. Ratings are Toaster now available from 30 to 200 A for use on double-pole, triple-pole, or triple-pole and A h o u s e h o ld neutral circuits, either as switches or fuse- toaster has been in­ troduced under the sw itches. A feature is their simple interchangeability; “ Clem ” trade name by Clayton, Lewis switches can be readily converted to fuse- & M iller, Ltd., switches by removing links and substituting Coloured toaster of modern M an illa R o a d , cartridge fuses of the “ Kantark ” high rupturing fo rm S o u th e n d - o n - Sea, capacity type. Also triple-pole models can be converted for triple-pole and neutral operation Essex. It has a die-cast aluminium body, by means of a special link, which is attached modernistic in shape, finished in non-chipping enamel of pastel shades, the “ doors ” and other by two screws to the side of the case. The box parts being chrome-plated. A reversing device is strongly constructed and has been “ styled ” is incorporated. by a well-known industrial designer. Imports into Ceylon.—During the first eight Simple Lamplock months of the current year imports of electrical A simple lamp locking ring, which is suitable goods and apparatus (not machinery) into Ceylon for both brass and moulded holders, has been were valued at Rs.2,235,320, compared with patented by Mr. C. Mancha-Bennett and, like Rs. 1,069,964 in the corresponding period of 1945. November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 801 ELE€Tltl€ITV SUPPLY London School Lighting. Manchester’s 200,000th Consumer.

Cheadle a n d G atley .— Higher Charges.— Friern Barnet.— Sodium Lighting. — T he When a report by the Electricity and Lighting U.D.C. Highways Committee has approved a Committee relating to proposed increases in scheme for the provision of sodium discharge charges came before the Urban District Council, lighting at a cost of £6,500. Dr. Gaubert moved that the subject should be Fulham.— E lectricity for Ex-Servicemen’s referred back with a view to still further in­ F l a t s . — Electricity is to be installed in place of creasing the charges “ as this would have the gas in the flats of disabled ex-servicemen at the immediate and welcome effect of cutting con­ Sir Oswald Stoll Mansions if the tenants wish it. sumption.” Only four members, however, voted At a meeting of the Sir Oswald Stoll Foundation against the report of the Committee. Council an estimate of £10,000 was submitted Chichester.— Appeal to Consumers. — In for this work, towards which the Fulham Council September last year work was started on an will make a grant. £85,000 scheme for cable and plant reinforce­ Hawarden.— U ndertaking “ Comes of Age.” ment, but delays have been experienced and the —The electricity undertaking’s twenty-first first section will not be in operation before mid- anniversary was celebrated by a dinner given December. The electrical engineer and manager by the Rural District Council at Queen’s Ferry. (Mr. F. H. Skinner) has therefore appealed to Mr. L. F. Bartle (Penmaenmawr), chairman of consumers to limit their use of apparatus during the North Wales and South Cheshire Electricity peak periods. Association, said that the undertaking was D over.— Surplus on Y ear’s W orking. — T h e sturdy and strong and was bigger than many accounts of the Electricity Department for the of much greater age. Mr. L. McKeon said year ended March 31st last show a net profit of that Hawarden was the second largest under­ £14,299. taking operated by a rural district Council and to-day it had 7,516 consumers and 116 miles of E ccles.—Supply to Royal Ordnance transmission lines. F a c t o r y . —The Electricity Committee is to provide an additional supply to the Royal Leigh (Lancs).—Street Lighting Change­ Ordnance factory, Patricroft, at a cost of over to Electricity. —The Electricity and £30,794. Highways Committees on Friday last week in­ spected the second section of the converted street E ssex.— Representations by Farm ers. — T he lighting in Manchester Road, a length of three- Essex Farmers’ Union has sent a resolution to quarters of a mile. The borough electrical the N.F.U. in which it “ calls upon the Govern­ engineer, Mr. T. S. Parkinson, explained that ment to deal with the difficulties that are the road was lighted to the Ministry of Transport preventing the electricity supply industry from Departmental Committee’s recommendation for developing rural electrification.” Members main road lighting (Group A). The type of instanced cases in which electric motors had lighting is 400-W high-pressure, mercury vapour been on order for two years and installation fluorescent. After the inspection, tributes were schemes had been held up for long periods paid to the chairman of the Electricity Com­ because of lack of materials. mittee and the electrical engineer on the speed E x e te r.— Bulk Supply to Exe V alley C o .— with which the work had been carried out, since The Electricity Committee is seeking sanction it was the second road to be so lighted within to borrow £47,000 for cables and plant in con­ two months, and to the great improvement nection with the increased bulk supply required effected. by the Exe Valley Electricity Co., Ltd. London.—Lighting in Schools.— As the first Famworth (Lancs).— Proposed Tariff Re­ instalment of a scheme to ensure that as soon v i s i o n .—It is estimated that the electricity as practicable all schools shall be lighted by undertaking will incur a loss of £6,500 in the electricity, the London County Council has present financial year, and to meet the situation authorized the installation of electricity in twenty the Electricity Committee has decided to make schools, and has sanctioned an expenditure not application to the Electricity Commissioners for exceeding £38,000. approval of an increase of 10 per cent in tariffs E lectrical Installations at Becontree.— to be put into operation as from April 1st, 1947, At a cost not exceeding £1,800, the L.C.C. has and to withdraw the invested reserve fund of agreed to the installation of electricity in 120 £8,033. The electrical appliance hire scheme is houses on the Ilford section of the Becontree to be discontinued. estate. F in ch ley.— Loan Application.— T h e Elec­ Proposed H igh-voltage Cables. — T h e L o n ­ tricity Commissioners have asked for details don Power Co., Ltd., has notified the London of the proposals of the Corporation Electricity and Home Counties J.E.A. of its application to Committee for extensions at a cost of £118,857 the Electricity Commissioners for consent to for which loan application has been made. the establishment of main transmission lines 8 0 2 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 1 5 , 1 9 4 6 as follows: Four 3-core 22-kV cables from Newcastle-on-Tyne.—Extension of Time.— Short’s Gardens to Birkbeck Street, E.2, for the The City Council is to apply for an order extend­ bulk supply to the Bethnal Green Corporation ing for a further twelve months the Council’s (estimated cost £115,000); two 3-core 22-kV right to take over the local undertakings of the cables from Crutched Friars to John Street North-Eastern Electric Supply Co., Ltd., and (£56,000); and one 3-core 66-kV cable from the Newcastle-on-Tyne and District Electric Battersea power station to Gypsy Corner, Lighting Co., Ltd. Acton (£160,000), for reinforcing the bulk Penge (Kent).— Lighting Scheme.— A t a cost supply to the M etropolitan Co’s, system. of £5,300 the street lighting is to be changed Proposed Bankside Station Extensions.— from gas to electricity. The City of London Electric Lighting Co., St. Marylebone.—Supply Improvements.— Ltd., has applied to the Electricity Commissioners The Electricity Committee is to improve the for consent to an extension of the company’s distribution system and erect four new sub­ Bankside generating station. The plant proposed stations at a cost of £55,000. to be installed comprises two turbo-alternators Scotland. — Seventh Constructional each having a maximum continuous rating of S c h e m e . —Only one formal objection has been 50,0C0 kW, complete with the necessary ancillary lodged against the seventh hydro-constructional plant, the associated boiler plant, and the scheme of the North of Scotland Hydro-Electric necessary buildings and civil engineering works. Board, the Mullardoch-Fasnakyle-AfTric project Long Eaton.— R i n g M a i n . —A scheme for and no request has been made for an inquiry. improving the high-voltage system and for com­ Scunthorpe.—D istribution Improvements.— pleting an 11-kV ring main at Toton to cope The Town Council is to spend £140,000 on an with increased load has been approved by the 11-kV ring main transmission system which will Urban District Council. The cost is estimated be superimposed on the existing system. at £14,000. S o u th all.—Three-pin Plugs.— The General L uton.— FIire-purchase. —The Council has Purposes Committee is requesting the Housing approved a scheme for the hire-purchase of Committee to install three-pin plugs in existing domestic apparatus by the Electricity Depart­ and future houses. ment, commencing with saucepans and kettles. Rate Contribution. —The undertaking is Staffo rd .— Fringe O rder A pplication. — The contributing £13,841 in aid of the rates, £15,000 Corporation is to apply to the Electricity Com­ is to be transferred to the reserve fund and missioners for a Fringe Order to enable a supply £2,150 applied to deferred repairs. to be given to new housing estates at Moss Pit Services in New Houses.—A request was and Rickerscote, which are outside the Corpora­ recently received from the National Union of tion undertaking’s area. General and Municipal Workers that the Sw indon.— Rate Aid from Profits. — R e p o rt­ Council should increase the proportion of ing a surplus for the year of £26,615, the houses (23 per cent) served with gas on new Electricity Committee states that of this £13,150 estates. It was decided that a report should be is to be allocated to rate relief. prepared on the comparative costs to consumers W allasey .— J u b i l e e . —The Electricity Com­ and the estimated cost of providing both services mittee is to make arrangements for the celebra­ on the Farley Hill estate. tion of the jubilee of the undertaking on January Manchester. — 2 0 0 ,0 0 0 th C o n s u m e r . — T h e 29th. Corporation Electricity Department recently Change-over. —It is proposed to change over connected the 200,000th consumer to its mains the supply in the New Brighton area at a cost and to mark this milestone on November 8th of £33,588. at the electricity showrooms, Alderman Sir William Walker, chairman of the Electricity TRANSPORT Committee, presented Mrs. A. R. White, wife Newcastle-on-Tyne. — T rolley Buses. — The of the 200,000th consumer, with a set of alu­ City Council is to be recommended by the minium saucepans. The Department has been Transport and Electricity Committee to accept supplying electricity for over fifty-three years, a tender for the supply of fifty trolley-buses which and in the first decade only 4,500 consumers will be used for changing-over the remaining were connected. The 100,000 mark was reached tram routes. There are already thirty-six trolley at the end of the fourth decade. This period vehicles on order. At present the city transport marked the beginning of the scheme of wiring services are using about 130 trolley-buses, 90 in existing premises on hire-purchase terms, trams and 140 motor-buses. The last trams are and very soon the flow of applications grew into expected to be taken off the roads in 1948. a flood, reaching the record figure of 20,583 new Sunderland.— I n q u i r y . — An inquiry has been connections in the year 1937. The total number held by the Ministry of Transport into the of consumers is distributed roughly into the Town Council’s plan to extend the Durham following groups:—Bulk supplies to distribution Road tram track by three quarters of a mile. undertakings 5; large industrial users 285; The Town Clerk (Mr. G. S. Mclntire) said the smaller industrial and commercial users 32,900; chief reason for the extension was to meet the domestic users 166,810. needs of the new housing estates. November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 8 0 3 Teaching- Electrical Iflethods Manchester’s Residential College for Members of the Forces

Visits are also arranged to OMESTIC science and By R. L. H o d g s o n , a .m .c .t . allied subjects have power stations, repair work­ Dbeen taught for a long time but specializedshops and testing laboratories, and to elec­ instruction in electrical methods appears to trically equipped show houses. be sadly lacking. To help in remedying this First impressions are lasting and it was deficiency M anchester Electricity Department therefore considered important that equip­ has been playing a prominent part in a ment supplied for instructional purposes venture undertaken by the Manchester should be plentiful and suitable. For cook­ University Extra Mural Department through ing instruction there is a medium-size cooker the Manchester Regional Committee for with super-speed plate and thermostatic Education in the Forces. At “ Holly Royde,” control. In the laundry washing is carried originally a large private house, a residential out in a post-war, flush action washing college has been established accommodating machine presented to the college by the thirty-five students, drawn from all branches of the Services. Of these, eight women students at a time take the fortnightly course in home manage­ ment. The remainder take the main courses, usually covering subjects of a cultural nature, some of which, such as “ Citizenship ” and “ Home of To-day and To-morrow,” also impinge on electricity’s sphere of interest.

Scullery with H eatrae 60-gal. storage heater and Santon 3-gal. draw-off w ater boiler

Attendance is voluntary and a fee is charged to cover the cost. Of the students passing through her hands at “ Holly Royde,” Miss J. Elliott, the housecraft instructress, estimates that 75 per cent have never before used an electric cooker, 90 per cent a washing machine and 95 per cent a refrigerator. Surprise and delight are often expressed as experi­ ence with the various appliances is gained, particularly the laundry equipment. makers. A drying cabinet constructed of It is disturbing to think that many young brick and timber is heated by two 1-kW air people should be starting life with but a heaters and on test 12 lb dry weight of very superficial knowledge of methods which clothes was put through, from the wringer, must inevitably figure largely in their lives. at a consumption of 0-8 kWh per lb. A Ignorance and prejudice are serious and separate ironing room is equipped with four difficult obstacles to surm ount. The electrical standard domestic irons. method often involves the eradication of W artime difficulties led to a certain am ount old-fashioned ideas, and calls for a new of improvization for the electric cooking approach altogether. equipment. Cooking is carried out on one The college is kept up to date with appro­ medium-size and one large cooker, both fitted priate literature, and the students frequently with thermostatic oven control and super- visit the Electricity Departm ent’s showrooms speed plates. Two gas cookers are also in for lectures, demonstrations and film shows. use. An old electric oven, originally supplied 804 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946 for dish warming purposes, has been fitted (26,700) per month in the first quarter and with a hob and two hot-plates, upon which 302,700 (241,700) in the second ; 1937 average all vegetable boiling is carried out. Soup 34,000 (33,000). Electric kettle production was and boiled puddings are prepared in two at the monthly rate of 34,900 (29,400) in the first quarter and 48,200 (37,200) in the 10-gal. wash-boilers. An electric griller deals second; 1937 rate estimated at 35,000 (30,000). efficiently with everything from toast to Of equipment designed particularly for new kippers. Boiling water for tea making is houses the production during September showed supplied by a 3-gal. automatic water boiler, a very substantial advance over that of the together with two 6-pint copper kettles. corresponding month of last year. The figures A 60-gal. water heater provides amply for were as follows, the gas equivalents being kitchen use, the general hot water supply included for comparison purposes; September, being from a coke-fired boiler. The refrig­ 1945, quantities are shown in parentheses:— erator, a 75-cu ft model, is sufficient to meet Cookers; electric 13,300 (6,200); gas 30,000 (11,000). W ash-boilers: electric 19,300 (5,300); increased future demands. gas 38,300 (20,700). Water heaters: electric Eight 2-kW and twenty 1-kW electric fires (immersion heaters) 39,800 (11,800); gas 27,500 are supplemented by coal and gas fires. At (10,100). Meters: electric 99,600 (39,100); gas present the total installed load is:—Lighting, 79,600 (34,500). 6-2 kW; fans, vacuum cleaners, washer, radio sets, etc., 5 kW ; water heating, 8 kW ; radiators, 31 kW; cooking, 48-7 kW : Finance for Industry total, 98-9 kW. Consumption from July 26th, tJtHE Industrial & Commercial Finance 1945, to July 19th, 1946, was 59,519 kWh. -*■ Corporation, Ltd., was formed last year Of this total, cooking took roughly 20 .per by the Bank of England and joint stock banks cent, water heating and boiling 35 per cent, to provide credit or finance for business enter­ space heating 40 per cent, and lighting and prises in Great Britain in the form of loans, subscription of loan or share capital, etc., in small appliances 5 per cent. The overall cases where existing facilities were not readily annual load factor was 6-9 per cent. or easily available. The Corporation has now From the opening of the college to the issued its first report, covering the year ended present day about 300 students have taken September 30th last. It has an authorized the course. share and loan capital of £45 million, of which £1,650,000 has been issued and called up and during the year it incurred a loss of £29,175 Electrical Production (carried forward) but a balance on the right ■PARTICULARS are given in the October side is expected next year. ® Monthly Digest of Statistics of the pro­ A statement presented by the chairman, duction of certain electrical equipment. It is Lord Piercy, at the annual meeting last week shown that during the first half of this year showed that advances totalled £5,071,000. The electric motors (1-300 H.P.) to the value of largest number of advances were in the £20,000- £6,202,000 were produced, compared with £50,000 class; there were 38 of these, taking £5,814,000 for the first six months of last year. 28-3 of the total amount advanced. There were In the first nine months of the year 4,099 arc 35 in the £5,000-£ 10,000 class, but they took welding sets valued at £577,000 were made, only 51 per cent of the total. Nine concerns comparing with 5,015 (£971,000) in January- received over £100,000, representing 28 0 per September, 1945. Resistance welding sets cent of the total. numbered 1,463 (£327,000) as compared with Mechanical engineering, analysed into seven 1,852 (£431,000). Portable power tools pro­ branches, received advances totalling £1,259,200 duced in the first seven months of this year (24-8 per cent of the whole), but electrical numbered 54,991 (no value given) against 79,062 engineering was in fact the branch of industry in January-July, 1945. which received the greatest amount of advances The production of domestic electrical appli­ —£357,200 or 7 per cent of the total. The ances continues to show a rapid rise. During Corporation's assistance is complementary to the first quarter of the current year the monthly facilities provided by the banks? rate of electric fires was 179,700 (163,900 for During the first year the amount of business the home market) ; by the second quarter it much exceeded what was expected in some had increased to 225,000 (199,900 home market) ; quarters and no special steps were taken to the 1937 monthly rate of production was seek business. As a result the Corporation’s estimated at only 115,000 (100,000 home). facilities may not be so widely known as they M onthly production of electric irons was 250,500 deserve to be and something may remain to be (214,100) in the first quarter of the year and done in this direction. So far the volume of 302,700 (241,700) in the second; the 1937 business has not been great, but Lord Piercy average was put at 112,000 (100,000). Vacuum thinks that in the next year or two substantial cleaners were produced at the rate of 33,100 annual figures will be reached. November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 805 I I\A \(1AL SEC T IO N Company News. Stock Exchange Activities.

impossible to cope with the large export Reports and Dividends inquiries. Permission has now been obtained Ferranti, Ltd.—At the annual meeting on by the company to proceed with an ambitious November 7th Mr. V. Z. de Ferranti (chairman scheme for the building of new laboratories. and managing director) said that the accounts under review covered the first year of transition Falk, Stadelmann & Co., Ltd., report a profit and a great deal of rearrangement and adaptation for the year ended March 31st last of £158,875, to peace conditions had been accomplished, as compared with £121,063 in the preceding but there was still much to be done which would year. After placing £52,359 to reserve for affect the results of the coming year. One major taxation, and making other deductions, the operation involving the move of the instrument balance available is £94,003, to which is added department from a requisitioned building in profit on the sale of securities, £1,019, and Bury to that part of their factory at Moston reserve for sub-contracts no longer required, which was employed in the manufacture of £13,000. The ordinary dividend for the year fuzes during the war, had been completed. is maintained at 10 per cent and the staff pension The total number employed, after falling and benevolent fund receives £3,000. The rapidly from the wartime peak of 12,000 had balance carried forward is £53,303, as compared now steadied and showed an upward tendency, with, £47,531 broughtin. the present figure being 7,000. Strand Electric Holdings, Ltd.—The gross The use of electricity, which had been increas­ trading profit of the Strand Electric & En­ ing for a number of years at approximately gineering Co., Ltd., for the past year was 10 per cent per annum, effected a great saving £123,183 (£125,972) and the profit after meeting in coal, and in the present year would probably expenses, etc., was £37,064 (£38,313), before save 30 million tons of coal compared with the providing £26,851 (£30,197) for E.P.T. and quantity which was required to give equivalent income tax. The income of the holding com­ amounts of heat, light and power at the begin­ pany, less expenses, was £16,154 (£15,752), ning of the century. It was desirable that the before deduction of income tax, £7,216 (£7,882). progress being made should be continued by an The dividend is maintained at 10 per cent with adequate supply of plant and appliances. a bonus of 2£ per cent (same), and £3,549 Their activities covered two fields—the manu­ (£2,518) is carried forward. facture of equipment for the electricity supply Tube Investments, Ltd., proposes to pay a industry and for the public. The former con­ final dividend of 12J per cent, making 22J per sisted of electricity meters and transformers of cent for the year. Last year’s dividend was all sizes, the latter of apparatus for the home, the same but there was also a special distribution such as electric fires, water heaters, radio, of 10 per cent from contingency reserve, making television and clocks. The export field had 32£ per cent altogether. The aggregate profits not been neglected during the year as instanced of the subsidiary companies for the year ended by the obtaining of orders from Finland for August 3rd amounted to £2,048,422 compared £250,000 worth of transformers which included with £2,027,195 for 1944-45, after providing for several 64,000-kVA 230,000-V 3-phase units. E.P.T. and depreciation but not income tax. The Canadian company had taken over a factory The net income of the parent company other erected by the Government at Mount Dennis, than from subsidiaries for the year ended Toronto, for the manufacture of instruments. October 31st last was £162,736 (£136,910). Electrical Components, Ltd., reports an income Yarrow & Co., Ltd.—The report for the year for the year ended June 30th of £46,064, as ended June 30th last shows a gross income of compared with £12,230 for the preceding year, £113,433 (against £105,835 for 1944-45), with and a net profit of £44,283 (against £11,657). a profit after providing for depreciation and Tax absorbs £35,655, reserve £1,403, and a taxation of £56,569 (£49,634). It is again balance of £10,308 is carried forward (against proposed to pay a dividend of 10 per cent and £3,855 brought in), As announced in the a bonus of 5 per cent, both tax free, leaving prospectus last May, no dividend has been £105,191 (£71,122) to be carried forward. declared. At an extraordinary meeting which will follow the annual meeting on November Cable & Wireless, Ltd.—According to the 15th resolutions will be submitted increasing Financial Times, it is understood that the the nominal c a p i t a l of the company to £250,000. Government will probably take over the shares Erinoid, Ltd.—In his speech circulated with of the operating company during December the report and accounts the chairman (Mr. W. although the form in which the undertaking G Waldron) refers to the intensified demand will be run has not been finally decided. for the company’s products from all over the Drake & Gorham, Ltd., report a net profit for world to the extent that it has been found the past year of £13,554, as compared with 806 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 1 5 , 1 9 4 6

£12,104 for the previous year. The dividend Guardian Electric, Ltd.— Registered November for the year remains unchanged at 5 per cent. 1st. Capital, £3,000. Manufacturers of, and The Revo Electric Co., Ltd., is again paying dealers in, electrical and mechanical apparatus, an interim dividend of 5 per cent. and accessories, particularly radio sets Ward & Goldstone, Ltd., have increased their and valves, etc. Directors : S. E. Drew and interim dividend from 15 to 20 per cent. T. A. Johnson. Regd. office : Imperial House, Dominion Street, E.C.2. New Companies Allied Insulators, Ltd.— Registered October Chance-Londex, Ltd. — Registered October 30th. Capital, £1,000. Manufacturers of in­ 29th. Capital, £10,000. Manufacturers of, and sulators and insulating materials, electrical and dealers in, battery-operated navigational marine mechanical engineers, etc. Directors : J. Fitz­ lights, fog signals, loud speakers, radiolocation gerald and G. C. Hulbert. Regd. office : Beachy apparatus, etc. Directors: N. J. B. Raymond Road, Old Ford, E.3. (managing director, Chance Bros., Ltd.), F. W. G. Windex, Ltd.—Registered October 24th. Beaumont (divisional sales manager, Chance Capital, £2,000. Electrical equipment specialists, Bros., Ltd), W. Stern (director of Londex, etc. R. C. Smith signs as director. Solicitor: Ltd.), and A. Ney (director of Londex, Ltd.). T. K. Brown, The Mall, Ealing. Regd. office: 207, Anerley Road, S.E.20. G. L. Andrews, Ltd.—Registered November T. Hammond & Co. (Electrical Engineers), 6th. Capital, £4,000. General electrical Ltd.—Registered October 30th. Capital, £8,000. engineers, electrical installation contractors, etc. Directors: T. E. Hammond and E. P. Wood- G. L. Andrews is to be one of the first directors. bridge. Regd. office: The Broadway, Penn Regd. office: 14, Grey Street, Newcastle-on- Road, Beaconsfield, Bucks. T yne, 1. Barratt’s Rentals, Ltd.—Registered October 29th. Capital, £1,000. Hirers of, dealers in, Increases of Capital and financiers for, the sale by hire-purchase, Clear-Hooters, Ltd.—Increased by £10,000, in deferred payments or otherwise of radio, Is. ordinary shares, beyond the registered capital television, electrical and mechanical apparatus, of £30,000. including radio parts, etc. Directors: A. T. Ensure Battery Co., Ltd.—Increased by Barratt and Mrs. I. M. Barratt. Regd. office: £10,000, in £1 preference shares, beyond the Refuge Assurance Buildings, 46, Corporation registered capital of £10,000. Street, Manchester, 4. Stevenage Electrical Engineering Co., Ltd.— Registered October 28th. Capital, £1,000. To Receiver Appointed acquire the business of electrical engineers Goddard Sound Equipment, Ltd.—H. Williams, carried on by W. J. Burrows & Son. Directors: of 105, Parkway, N.W .l, has been appointed W. J. Burrows and J. J. Burrows. Secretary: receiver and manager under powers contained P. L. Burrows. Regd. office: 5, Middle Row, in debenture dated August 6th. High Street, Stevenage. Edwards & Co. (Electrical), Ltd.— Registered October 30th. Capital, £3,000. Directors: Liquidations F. Hollinghurst, D. P. Woodstock and R. Harrison & Co. (Electrical), Ltd.—W inding-up Bulbick. Secretary: J. H. F. Gelton. Regd. order made October 21st. Meetings of creditors office: Upper Hinton Chambers, Bournemouth. and contributories November 22nd at Columbia Frank Johnson (Longton), Ltd.—Registered House (3rd Floor), Aldwych, W.C.2. October 31st. Capital, £2,000. Electrical Green Electrical Industries, Ltd.— Winding-up engineers, and electrical installation contractors, order made October 21st. Meetings of creditors wireless and motor engineers, etc. Directors: and contributories November 20th' at Columbia F. Johnson, T. L. Wright, and H. Johnson. House (3rd Floor), Aldwych, W.C.2. Regd. office: Cromartie Works, King Street, Foley, Longton, Stoke-on-Trent. Greenwich Manufacturing Co., Ltd.—Regis­ Bankruptcies tered November 1st. Capital, £500. To manufac­ G. F. Coupe, electrical engineer, carrying on ture, install, maintain and service electrical business at 2, Spring Gardens, Stockport.— equipment and domestic articles, etc. Directors: Last day for receiving proofs for dividend W. A. Powell, N. W. G. Pye, and J. W. Downie. November 20th. Trustee, Mr. P. M. Milward, Regd. office : 15, Greenwich South Street, 20, Byrom Street, Manchester, Official Receiver. S.E.10. W. S. Poole, electrician, residing and carrying Druce (Electrical), Ltd.— Registered November on business at High Street, Queensbury, near 1st. Capital, £1,000. Electrical engineers and Halifax. Receiving order dated December contractors, etc. Directors : E. W. Druce, 14th, 1937, rescinded and Order of Adjudication J. H. Stean, F. Pearce, and R. Broad. Secretary: dated December 14th, 1937, annulled on E. W. Druce. Regd. office : 4, Albion Parade, November 1st, 1946, as all debts have been Stoke Newington, N.16. paid in full. November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 55

MOTORS GENERATORS

LIGHTING FITTINGS GAS FILLED DISCHARGE

VERITYS Ltd. Sales Headquarters : BRETTENHAM HOUSE, LANCASTER PLACE, W .C .2 W orks : ASTON, BIRMINGHAM 6 56 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 1 5 , 1 9 4 6

PERMANENT FIXINGS Can now be made to Wallboards, Plaster Boards Insidating and Laminated Boards Hollow Bricks and Tiles

TOGGLE BOLTS

Rawlplug Toggle Bolts provide a simple means of making fixings to hollow partition walls or ceilings, asbestos board, hollow bricks GRAVITY TYPE The toggle has a long end and tiles, etc. which falls into position when They are ideal pushed through the hole. because they SPRING TYPE distribute the The wings of the toggle spring strain over open at right angles to the screw when pushed through wide area. th e h ole.

RAWL-ANCHORS An extremely ingenious device. When the screw is tightened the Rawl-Anchor collapses as shown in the illustration. In certain materials this makes a per­ manent tapped fitting from which the R A W L-ANCHORSare into which the Rawl-Anchor manufactured from ductile is placed and then the screw can be steel and ensure very firni screw is tightened. Millions fixtures. Fixing is simplicity have been used on housing removed & itself—just a r diam. hole c o n tra c ts. replaced at will. ic Sam ples o f any or all o f these fixing devices will be gladly supplied to the trade B322 for testing purposes. Also the advice of our Technical Service Department is available for free unbiased assistance in overcoming any peculiar fixing problems. THE RAWLPLUG Co. Ltd., CROMWELL ROAD, LONDON, S.W.7

T 3623 November 15, 1946 ' Electrical Review 8 0 7

respectively. Crabtrees, at 47s. 6d., London STOCKS AND SHARES . Electric Wire, 40s. 9d., and Telegraph Con­ ^TO C K Exchange markets were bowling ¡densers, 33s., are all Is. 3d. better. Gains of merrily along, prices were rising, orders I half-a-crown are shown by Tube Investments to buy stocks and shares “ at best ” were pouring at 6J, Ward & Goldstone, 50s., Westinghouse into the House, and the great difficulty was to Brakes, 76s., and Hopkinsons, £5. Vactrics find supplies with which to satisfy insatiable have risen Is. to 17s. 6d. buyers. Then a Government speaker stepped in remarking that the general outlook was grave, New Shares and hinting at repetition of the slump which Johnson & Phillips at 78s. are quoted ex­ followed the last war. Some quarters suggested rights to the new shares offered to shareholders that these lucubrations were deliberately at 65s. The new shares are^changing hands at intended to lay a check upon the demand for a premium of 13s., which serves as a reminder industrial issues in order that the money might that, on these occasions, there is generally a be diverted into the present 2jr per cent loan small minority of shareholders who fail to now on tap from the Treasury. The net result realize that their rights have a value, although was to halt the upswing of industrial prices and they may not intend to take up the shares. to place a hand of restraint upon optimism. Another consideration not always appreciated By way of illustration, Southern Railway is that a buyer of shares in the shape of re­ preferred may be quoted, the price rising to nounced allotment letters is not called upon to 79 and going back to 76^. Cable & Wireless pay the heavy 1 per cent transfer stamp charges. after touching 116i reacted to 114|, and the On the current 15 per cent dividend, Johnson & list might be extended to cover several hundreds Phillips shares yield £3 17s. per cent on the of quotations. Nevertheless, on balance, prices money. Midland Counties Electric new shares are better than they were a week ago, and are quoted at 50s. They were offered to compare very favourably with those last set stockholders at 35s., in the proportion of one out here on October 18th. Radio shares have for every £6 stock held. The recently-introduced been one of the dullish spots. E.M.I., for Parmiter Hope Is. shares are being dealt in instance, reacting to 28s. 6d., though Pye around 5s. No dividend forecast was included deferred are a good spot at 33s. Thomas in the published particulars, but current earnings Tilling, after a jump to 58s. 6d., went back were estimated at a figure representing about to 57s. 55 per cent on the ordinary capital. Gilt-Edged Stocks Stock on Offer Amongst gilt-edged issues, Central Electricity Yields on the higher-priced electricity supply Board 4 | and 5 per cent stocks hold attraction preference shares are down to the neighbour­ for investors, notwithstanding the high premiums hood of 4 per cent. This is the return on at which the prices are quoted, and the conse­ British Power & Light and London Associated quent prospect of capital loss on redemption. “ sixes,” which are on offer at the common The 3^ per cent issue, dated 1963-93, stands at price of 30s. The 6 per cent issues of Yorkshire a premium of 13 points, and the 3| per cent Electric and “ Three Counties ” Electric are stock, 1974-94, is similarly quoted. The present available at 31s. 6d. to yield £3 16s. per cent. yield is £3 2s. Id. per cent. On both stocks, Shares quoted nearer their par value continue the return is barely 2j per cent, allowing for to give much lower returns. Lancashire Electric loss of capital on repayment at the earliest 3i per cent preference, at 24s., pay only £3 2s. 6d. date. Neither is a trustee security. In the per cent on the money. West Kent 4} per trustee list, London Electric Transport 2 } per cents can be bought at 25s. to yield £3 12s. per cent guaranteed stock at 101, yields £2 9s. 3d. cent. It is a sign of the times that jobbers per cent outright, or £2 6s. per cent to redemp­ who normally issue lists of stock on offer are tion in 1950. now canvassing for shares they want to buy. Price Rises Company Results In the market for electricity supply shares, Electrical Components 5s. shares were the chief movement has been an advance of introduced to the market at 7s. 7-j-d. about 2s. in Electrical Finance & Securities, to 67s. 6d. six’months ago, and are now quoted at 13s. 3d. Scottish Power at 46s. 6d. are Is. 6d. to the Accounts just published show a substantial good, while Newcastle Electrics at 33s. and increase in trading profits, but an almost equal Bournemouth & Poole at 67s. have each gained rise in taxation provisions. No dividend is to Is. Advances of 6d. to 9d. have been fairly be paid for the past year ; an interim payment common. In the overseas section, a jump of is expected early next year. A further increase 3 points to 40± in Tokyo Electric “ sixes ” is of capital is proposed. Falk Stadelmann profits noticeable. Electrical equipment shares have show a useful expansion which enables the also made further progress on the week. company to fortify the reserves while maintain­ Associated Electrical Industries advanced Is. 9d. ing the dividend at 10 per cent. Broadcast to 70s. 3d. British Insulated and Henley’s have Relay Services are offering shareholders 750,000 put on Is. each, to 46s. 6d. and 27s. 6d. 4 per cent preference shares at par. 8 0 8 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

Canadian Overseas Trade Analysis of Imports and Exports in 1945

BftETAILED statistics of Canadian import Inc. o r ■LS' a n d e x p o rt tra d e fo r 1945 h av e ju s t b een 1945 dec. on Class of Goods received in London from Ottawa. From these $ (000) 1944 $ ( 000) the values of the imports and exports of elec­ trical goods have been extracted, with increases Telegraph apparatus 340 - 79 or decreases compared with 1944. It will be From United Kingdom 36 — 3 ,, United States 304 — 72 seen that althouglf small increases are shown Radio receiving sets 507 — 558 in the value of most imports except the radio From United Kingdom 37 — 9 group, the steep decline that occurred in the ,, United States 471 — 548 Radio set parts 1,125* — 915 latter more than offset the more active lines of Radio valve parts 1,402* — 198 business. The grand total of Canadian imports Other radio apparatus, n.o.p. . . 10,126 — 10,663 of electrical machinery and apparatus in 1945 From United Kingdom 1,459 + 543 United States 8,667 — 11,205 was $43,052,000 ($40,494,000 from the United Radio valves 2,474 — 3,466 States and $2,482,000 from the United From United Kingdom 128 + 102 K in g d o m ). United States 2,347 — 3,567 Telephone apparatus 2,128 + 369 From United Kingdom 42 + 7 Inc. o r ,, United States 2,086 + 362 1945 dec. o n Class of Goods Transformers and complete parts 394 + 115 $ (000) 1944 From United Kingdom 29 + 25 $ ( 000) United States . . 362 + 87 ,, S w itzerland 2 + 2 Batteries, primary 210* + 34 Electric steam generators and Batteries, storage 494 + 138 parts 435 — 15 From United Kingdom 73 263 From United Kingdom 20 — 218 ,, U n ited S tates 421 + 401 ,, United States 414 + 202 Heating apparatus 398 + 85 Electric dry shavers 126* + 72 From United Kingdom 12 + 4 Electrical precision instruments 589 306 „ United States 386 + 81 From United Kingdom 49 — 30 Dynamos and parts 3,158 + 205 United States 540 — 276 From United Kingdom 76 + 13 Electrical apparatus, n.o.p. 4,615 — 19 United States . . 3,074 + 188 From United Kingdom 164 — 126 ,, Switzerland 6 + 3 „ United States . . 4,438 + 96 Lamps, carbon filament 3* + 1 Switzerland 10 + 8 Lamps, metal filament 586 + 304 * All or nearly all from U.S.A. From United Kingdom 4 + 3 ,, U n ited S tates 581 + 300 E x p o rts Lamps, arc 114* + 82 Torches, flashlights, side and tail Canadian exports of electrical goods in 1945 lights 586 — 42 totalled $60,957,000 in value compared with From United Kingdom 10 — ,, United States 572 — 45 $71,700,000 in 1944. Of the 1945 total Lighting fixtures and appliances 1,739 + 875 $45,130,000 worth went to the British Empire From United Kingdom 18 -- 8 and $15,827,000 to foreign countries. Australia „ United States 1,720 + 883 Electricity meters 544 + 11 was a less valuable customer than in 1944. From United Kingdom 55 + 21 The decline was very marked in radio apparatus. ,, United States 489 — 20 On the other hand there were small advances in Motors valued at less than $10 62* — Motors and complete parts, other 3,731 + 311 storage batteries, domestic appliances and in From United Kingdom 131 + 52 the total of unspecified electrical goods. ,, United States . . 3,594 + 254 „ Sw eden 5 + 5 Inc. o r „ Switzerland 1 — Class of Goods 1945 dec. on Rheostats, controllers, etc. 1,938 + 488 $ ( 000) 12 1944 From United Kingdom 22 + $ (000) „ United States . . 1,904 + 475 „ Switzerland 12 2 + Batteries, storage 6,769 + 5,480 501* — 231 Self-contained lighting outfits . . T o E gypt 626 479 66* €9 + Electric irons + ,, South Africa 86 + 33 Socket outlets, etc. 305* — 29 ,, In d ia 2,602 + 2,233 Magnetos and parts for i.e. ,, Italy 952 + 878 engine manufacturers 38* 12 + „ United Kingdom 2,164 + 1,756 Spark plugs, magnetos, etc. 44 — 11 Batteries, other . . 535 — 72 From United Kingdom 4 + 4 To Argentina 49 + 49 „ United States 40 — 15 ,, Newfoundland 76 — 7 Flameproof switchgear for use „ Italy 281 underground in coal mines Radio apparatus + 266 35,949 — 15,524 (all from United Kingdom) 4 — 4 To United Kingdom 25,371 + Switches, switchboards and circuit „ In d ia 2,127 2,476 + 1,618 breakers 2,154 + 321 ,, Australia . . 1,004 + 587 From United Kingdom 95 + 37 „ New Zealand 99 — 2,029 256 „ F ran ce 267 „ Un ted States .. + 471 + 471 30 28 ,, Italy ,, Switzerland + 1,091 - 3,071 November 15, 1946 E lectrical Review 8 0 9

Canadian Overseas Trade (Continued)—

Inc. o r In c. o r dec. on dec. o n Class of Goods C lass o f G o o d s 1945 1944 1945 1944 $ ( 000) $ (000) S(000) $ ( 000)

Dynamos, generators and motors 5,614 _ 2,403 Spark plugs, magnetos, etc. 424 + 47 To United Kingdom 1,519 _ 1,790 T o Sw eden 18 + 18 „ R u ssia 2,041 + 2,041 ,, South Africa 176 21 ,, New Zealand 138 66 „ New Zealand 52 _ 42 „ In d ia 661 _ 104 „ In d ia 7 _ 14 „ Australia . . !! 334 + 146 „ B razil ...... 51 + 51 Electric stoves 481 + 204 „ Jamaica 10 + 3 To South Africa 204 + 21 Porcelain insulators 286 + 69 „ C h ile ...... 36 + 36 To South Africa 50 13 „ Colombia 50 + 44 „ In d ia 37 + 7 „ Southern Rhodesia 36 + 4 ,, R u ssia 74 + 74 „ New Zealand 14 + 8 Electrical apparatus, n.o.p. 10,747 + 2,538 Other domestic cooking and To United Kingdom 6,446 + 3,132 heating devices 100 + 42 ,, Brazil 89 + 49 To United Kingdom 6 + 6 „ C h ile ...... 93 + 70 „ South Africa 22 + 16 ,, M exico 241 + 125 „ M exico 10 + 10 ,, New Zealand 60 73 Telegraph and telephone apparatus 193 — 1,208 ,. A u stralia . . 129 _ 42 To United Kingdom 24 — 849 „ In d ia 191 + 153 „ Italy 9 4 220 „ F ra n ce 69-* + 694

\EIV PATENTS Electrical Specifications Recently Published

The numbers under which the specifications will be British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd., and printed and abridged are given in parentheses. A. Bowen.—“ Means for causing synchronous Copies of any specification (Is. each) may be oscillatory movements of a plurality of objects obtained from the Patent Office, 25, Southampton about their axes.” 15201. November 25th, Buildings, London, W.C.2. 1941. (581686.) d 1 . S. AGATE and A. H. Cooper.—“ Radio British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd.— ^ direction finding systems.” 12412. “ Liquid level control systems.” 5971/44. September 25th, 1941. (581806.) April 2nd, 1943. (581825.) Automotive Products Co., Ltd., and R. E. British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd., and Smith.—“ Electric welding apparatus.” 1817. A. L. Whiteley.—“ Remote control systems.” February 10th, 1941. (581802.) 7299. May 7th, 1943. (581743.) R. W. Bailey and Metropolitan-Vickers British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd., and Electrical Co., Ltd.—“ Power plant for the K. J. R. Wilkinson.—“ Networks for generating propulsion of ships.” Cognate applications pulses of electrical energy.” 11327. June 13th, 3010/40 and 6377/41. May 16th, 1940. (581680.) 1944. (581861.) “ Power plant.” Cognate applications 67/41, Callender’s Cable & Construction Co., Ltd., 1695/41, 17559/40, 6237/41, 7013/41 and 7766/41. and A. King.—“ Manufacture of electric March 2nd, 1941. (581681.) “ Power plant.” cables.” 1493. January 18th, 1945. (581830.) 8670. July 9th, 1941. (581684.) “ Steam Cannon Iron Foundries, A. F. Oatley and generator furnaces combined with gas pro­ A. Harris.—“ Door hinges of gas and electric ducers.” Cognate applications 4445/42 and cookers.” 12325. May 16th, 1945. (581798.) 5654/42. April 2nd, 1941. (Divided out of R. Chadwick and Smart & Brown (Engineers), 581681.) (581692.) “ Gas producers for use in Ltd.—“ Snap action electrical switches.” power plant.” Cognate applications 8628/42 5703/44. February 2nd, 1945. (581824.) and 9010/41. June 19th, 1941. (Divided out J. Collard.—“ Reducing the intensity of of 581681.) (581694.) “ Combustion com­ electromagnetic waves reflected by reflecting ponents for combustion power plant.” Cog­ objects.” 13962. August 26th, 1943. (581746.) nate applications 16635/39 and 3207/40. August English Electric Co., Ltd., E. A. Howell and 6th, 1939. (581800.) R. W. Newcombe.—-“ Electrical measuring J. Bell, E. M. Langham and C. S. Wright.— and like arrangements.” Cognate applications “ Electrical potentiometer.” 1200. January 8040/44 and 3483/45. April 28th, 1944. (581846.) 23rd, 1943. (581740.) Expanded Rubber Co., Ltd., H. N. Shel- Beiliss & Morcom, Ltd., and A . A . J u d e .— merdine and A. Cooper.—“ Sheathing of “ Electro-propulsion machinery for ships.” buoyant cables.” 8155. June 27th, 1941. M arch 6th, 1943. (581741.) (581761.) B ritish Industrial Plastics, Ltd., and A. Ferranti, Ltd., and J. Wood.—“ Wired Rrnnkes “ Thermo-setting resins.” 3853. intercommunication systems.” 6636. March M a r c h 1st, 1944. (581702.) 16th, 1945. (581715.) 810 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

General Electric Co., Ltd., and R. J. Clayton. Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd.— —“ Electric switches for oscillations of very “ Radio direction finding apparatus.” 2809/42. high frequency.” 249. January 7th, 1942. March 5th, 1941. (581807.) “ Radio direction (581688.) finders.” 7005/42. May 22nd, 1941. (581808.) General Electric Co., Ltd., and W. R. Stevens. “ Arrangements for generating high voltage —“ Directional lighting fittings.” 5000. March electric pulses.” 4541/44. March 13th, 1943. 17th, 1944. (581821.) (581819.) General Electric Co., Ltd., and W. E. Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd. (Inter­ Willshaw.—“ Signalling by means of very short national Standard Electric Corporation).— electrical waves.” 16818. December 31st, “ Means for tuning electrically resonant 1941. (581687.) cavities.” 15103. November 25th, 1941. General Electric Co., Ltd., R. J. Ballantine (581727.) and E. G. James.—“ Short-wave electrical Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd., and oscillators.” 15853. September 27th, 1943. C. W. Earp.—“ Receiving systems for pulse (531781.) modulated electromagnetic waves.” 10005. General Electric Co., Ltd., A. H. McKeag July 17th, 1942. (581733.) and P. W. Ranby.—“ Luminescent materials.” Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd., and 12712. August 6th, 1943. (581778.) M. L. Gayford.—“ Subaqueous sound re­ S. H. Gordon, J. M. Sinclair, W. H. Millwood ceivers.” 18048. December 18th, 1942. and W. F. Young.—“ Electric welding.” (581739.) 18226. December 30th, 1940. (581721.) Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd., and W. T. Henley’s Telegraph Works Co., Ltd., K. E. Hartridge.—“ Metal plating of electric and H. H. Daker.—“ Electric cables.” 4628. insulators.” 3268. February 22nd, 1944. April 7th, 1941. (581723.) (581701.) W. T. Henley’s Telegraph Works Co., Ltd., Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd., and and E. Moor.—“ Multi-outlet plug and socket L. W. Houghton.— “ Radio locating systems.” adaptor for electric circuits.” 2407. January 15285. November 27th, 1941. (581728.) 31st, 1945. (581831.) Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd., and A. L. Hodgkin.—“ Directional radio M. M. Levy.—“ Amplifiers of electromagnetic systems.” 15242. September 16th, 1943. energy.” 7176. June 6th, 1941. (581683.) (581696.) “ Receivers for electrical pulses.” 20114. D. I. Lawson and Pye, Ltd.—“ Pulse modula­December 1st, 1943. (581698.) tion signalling systems.” 18030. December Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd., and 18th, 1942. (581811.) “ Multi-channel signalling E. O. Willoughby.—“ Antenna systems.” systems.” Cognate applications 321/43 and 5717. May 2nd, 1941. (581724.) “ Electro­ 757/43. January 7th, 1943. (581812.) magnetic wave radiators.” 7494. June 13th, Marconi’s Wireless Telegraph Co., Ltd.— 1941. (581725.) “ High-frequency convertor circuits.” 6132/44. Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd., P. K. April 3rd, 1943. (581826.) Chatterjea and C. T. Scully.—“ Receivers for D. H. Preist.—“ Radio signalling systems.” time modulated electrical pulses.” 5366. 16196. October 2nd, 1943. (581782.) April 21st, 1942. (581731.) Revo Electric Co., Ltd., and A. E. Felton.— Stone Platt Engineering Co., Ltd., and E. C. “ Electric lighting fittings.” 10324. May 27th, Hatcher. — “ Electric gyroscopes.” 17873. 1944. (581710.) December 16th, 1942. (581737.) B. Schwarz.—“ Electrical regulating systems A. A. Thornton (Warner Electric Brake and apparatus.” 9143. May 12th, 1944. Manufacturing Co.).—“ Systems for con­ (581850.) “ Secondary windings of induction trolling the energization of electromagnetic- motors.” 12758. July 4th, 1944. (581871.) ally operated brakes.” 7702. March 27th W. J. Scott and T. J. Davies.—“ Speed 1945. (581796.) control of electric motors, rotary convertors and G. R. Young.—“ Magnetic depolarization the like.” 5620. March 6th, 1945. (581832.) of ships.” 17021/40. November 29th, 1939 G. R. Shepherd (Westinghouse Electric (581801.) International Co.).—“ Dynamo electric machines.” 8453. May 4th, 1944. (581847.) Lighting in Old Buildings “ Electric circuit-breakers having shock absorb­ ing means.” 10886. June 6th, 1944. (581859.) ’»MODERNIZATION of the interior lighting Simplex Electric Co., Ltd., and A. V. Barton. 1 of old buildings was the subject of a —“ Electric fires.” 22639. November 16th, paper prepared by M e s s r s . E. H . P e n w a r d e n 1944. (581791.) a n d S. A n d e r s o n for a joint meeting of the Sperry Gyroscope Co., Inc.—“ High-fre­ Royal Institute of British Architects and the quency electron discharge apparatus.” 7583/44. Illuminating Engineering Society in London April 26th, 1943. (581707.) last week. Types of buildings considered P. A. Sporing, C. P. Johnson and Telegraph included historic, civic, official and domestic, Condenser Co., Ltd.—“ Tubular containers for various methods of treatment being suggested; electrical condensers or other apparatus.” both actual and theoretical examples were 8684. May 8th, 1944. (581848.) described and illustrated. November 15, 1 9 4 6 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 8 1 1 CONTRACT INFORMATION Accepted Tenders and Prospective Electrical Work

Manchester.—December 6th. Electricity Contracts Open Department. Air-cooling pipework for Nos. 67 Where Contracts Open " are advertised in our and 68 boilers. (See this issue.) Official Notices ” section the date of the issue December 13th. Soot-blowers for Nos. 65 is 'given in parentheses. and 66 boilers. (See this issue.) Abertillery. — November 21st. Sheet-steel Plympton St. Mary.—December 6th. R.D.C. kiosks and equipment, e.h.v. and l.v. under­ Electricity Department 6,600/415/240-V, three- ground cables and l.v. service cables in connec­ phase transformers. (November 8th.) tion with the Council’s housing site at Penrhiw, Stoke-on-Trent. — November 25th. North Bryn Ithel, Llanhilleth. (November 8th.) West Midlands J.E.A. Outdoor type static November 23rd. E.h.v. underground cables, transformers. (November 8th.) kiosks and equipment, substation switchgear and Wallasey.—November 23rd. Corporation. l.v. underground and service cables for the One 500-A three-phase meter testing set. SwfFrid bousing site, and Rectory Road sub­ (November 8th.) station, Crumlin. (See this issue.) Warwick.—December 2nd. County Council. Birmingham. — November 25th. Electric Contracts for heating and electrical engineers. Supply Department. Domestic electrical (See this issue.) apparatus. (November 8th.) West Riding.—November 30th. County Edinburgh. — November 22nd. Electricity Council. Plant for highway and bridge work, Committee. Meters for twelve months. (Nov­ including electrical plant.—County Engineer, ember 1st.) Cables for switchgear extensions. County Hall, Wakefield. (November 8th.) Woolwich. — November 27th. Electricity Epsom and Ewell.—December 16th. Elec­ Department. Electricity meters, transformers, tricity Department. One 500-kVA three-phase h.v. and m.v. cable for twelve months. (Novem­ transformer and one ten-panel 11,000-V 150- ber 1st.) MVA truck type switchboard. (November 8th.) New plant at the East Street pumping Orders Placed station, including electrical plant with all Birkenhead.— Electricity Committee. Accepted. accessories. Borough water engineer, East Switchboards for various substations.—Switch­ Street, Epsom. gear & Cowans, Ltd. Transformers.—British Glasgow.—November 26th. Public Health Power Transformer C o.; Bryce, Ltd.; Yorkshire Department. Five electric vehicles. (November Electric Transformer Co.; Foster Engineering Co. 8th.) Durham.—County Council. Accepted. X-ray Great Yarmouth.—November 29th. Electri­ plant for the Holy wood Hall Sanatorium city Department. Domestic appliances for (£2,854).—Watson & Sons (Electro-Medical). twelve months. (November 1st.) Littlehampton.—Housing Committee. Ac­ Harwich.—December 6th. Borough Council. cepted. Electrical installations at houses on the Six sets of electrically driven sewage pumps. Hill Road estate (£2,074).— Rockall’s Radio. John Taylor & Sons, Artillery House, West­ Mansfield.—Electricity Committee. Accepted. minster, S.W .l. Switchboards at electricity works (£1,708) and Kingston-upon-Thames.—December 9th. Cor­ Mansfield Woodhouse substation (£1,260).— poration. Paper-insulated cables. (See this Ferguson, Pailin. issue.) Manchester. — Electricity Committee. Litherland.—November 30th. Urban District Accepted. Boiler replacement work, Barton Council. Electric wiring in twenty-four bunga­ power station.—Babcock & Wilcox. Batteries lows, Field Lane. Surveyor, Town Hall. and charging equipment, Ancoats and Cheetham Hill substations.—Britannia Batteries. D.c. Littleborough.—November 25th. Electricity traction switchgear, Moss Side, Rusholme, and Department. One 350-kVA transformer, e.h.v. Newton Heath substations.—Bertram Thomas and l.v. underground cables and switchgear. (Engineers). Mercury arc rectifier equipment, (November 8fh.) Moss Side, Rusholme, and Newton Heath L o n d o n . — Metropolitan Water Board. 25- substations.—Hewittic Electric Co. Sub­ H P 2 0 0 /2 2 0 -V, 1,450 r.p.m. vertical-spindle contractors for transformers.—Hackbridge for s u i t a b l e "for adaptation as vertical spindle) Electric Construction Co. Supervisory control motor and starter. (November 8th.) equipment, Ancoats and Cheetham Hill sub­ North Scotland. — Hydro-Electric Board. stations.—Standard Telephones & Cables. L.v. Sunnlv delivery and erection of a 132-kV switchboards for distribution substations.— transmission line. (November 8th.) English Electric Co. 8 1 2 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 1 5 , 1 9 4 6

Hornsey.—Flats (116), North Hill, Highgate; Contracts in Prospect borough engineer, Town Hall, Crouch End, N.8. Particulars o f new works and building schemes for Hull.—Rebuilding mills, Foster Street the use of electrical installation contractors and (£1,000,000); British Oil & Cake Mills, Ltd. traders. Publication in this section is no guarantee that electrical work is definitely included. Alleged Huyton-with-Roby.—School buildings for inaccuracies should be reported to the Editors. R.C. school managers; Tallis Bros., builders, 182, South Street, Liverpool, 8. Alloa.—Houses (150), Deer Park, Sauchie; burgh surveyor, Municipal Buildings, Bank Lichfield.— Houses (24), Queen Street, Chase- Street. town, for R.D.C.; L. Dainty, Ltd., builders, Walsall Wood Road, Aldridge. Aylesbury. — Houses (46), California (£60,517); C. & F. Ricketts, Ltd., builders, Malvern.—Extensions, Brick Barns Hospital 16, W alton Street. (£54,600); county architect, Worcester. Bentley.—Houses (57), Bentley Rise, for Manchester.—Rebuilding offices, etc., for U.D.C.; Walter Firth, Ltd., builders, Arm- Sutcliffe’s Ventilating & Drying Co., Ltd.; thorpe Road, Doncaster. F. Butterworth (Blackley), Ltd., builders, B lackley. Blackpool.—Houses (24) and 12 flats, Grange County secondary and primary schools, Park estate; North Western Construction Co., Brownlow Green; R. Carlyle & Co., Ltd., 21, Queen Street. builders, Elsinore Road. Brixton.—Extensions, School of Building Melksham (Wilts.).—Houses (38). Lambourn (£12,470); L.C.C. architect. and Beanacre, for U .D .C.; surveyor, Town Hall. Cardiff. — Crematorium (£100,000); city Monmouth.—Permanent houses (50), Wyes- e n gineer. ham estate; borough engineer, Council Offices. Chester.—Houses (40), Brown’s Lane, Hand- Nantwich.—Houses (52), Beam Street, for bridge; borough engineer, Municipal Offices. U.D.C.; E. H. Bailey, surveyor, Brookfield Chippenham. — Permanent houses (40), H o u se. Derriads; Walter Rudman & Edwards, 32, Newcastle-on-Tyne.—Extensions to works for M arket Place. J. Herring & Co., Water Street; F. J. Hepple, Dunston.—Factory for the Tyne Watch Co., Ltd., Dunn Street. Newcastle; Hadden & Hillman, 123, New Norwich.—Maternity home, Earlham Hall Bridge Street, Newcastle-on-Tyne. (£17,000); city engineer. Eastleigh.—Permanent houses (115), Chestnut Nottinghamshire. — Extensions, Balderton Avenue; borough engineer, Town Hall. mental colony (£253,242); county architect, Eastry (Kent).—Houses (160), in various Nottingham. parishes, for R .D .C .; surveyor, Council Offices, Nuneaton.—Works extensions, Bath Road, S andw ich. Hart & Levy, Ltd., clothiers; J. C. Kellett & Ellesmere Port.—Houses (102), Wolverham Son, builders, 40, Southgate, Leicester. Road, Stanney estate, for U.D.C.; surveyor, Otley.—School on Grammar School site, Queen Street. West Riding; H. Bennett, county architect, Enfield.—Flats (48), Northfield Road, for County Hall, Wakefield. U.D.C.; Frank Lee, surveyor, 7, Little Park Plympton St. Mary.—Permanent houses (54), G a rd e n s. Woodford, for R.D.C.; P. T. Loosemore, Fawdon.—Factory for Scott & Turner, health clerk, Council Offices. salt manufacturers, Gallowgate, Newcastle; Sheffield.—Hostel for students’ training Stanley Miller, 17, North Street, Newcastle-on- college; T. Roper & Sons, Ltd., builders, T y n e. Mowbray Street. Hackney.—Flats (100), Banister House Watford.—Three blocks of flats, near Willow extension, Priestley Street; housing manager, Way, Radlett, for R.D.C.; surveyor, Council 219, Mare Street, E.8. Offices, 25, King Street. Halesowen.—Houses (30), Hasbury Farm W irral.—Houses (42), Somerset Road, Pensby, estate; A. H. Farmer, builder, 27, Attwood for U.D.C.; L. L. Roberts (Cheshire), Ltd., S treet. builders, Old Chester Road, Bebington. Hampstead.-—Flats (92), Parkhill Road Wishaw. Extensions, including laboratory, (£183,000); William Moss & Sons, Ltd., for Lanarkshire Steel Co., Wishaw (£12,000); contractors, North Circular Road, Cricklewood, manager, Steel works, Craigneuk Street. N .W .2 . Workington. — Houses (100), Salterbeck Harrow.—Four blocks of flats, Alexandra estate; John Laing & Son, Ltd., builders, Road; U.D.C. surveyor. Dalston Road, Carlisle. Hartlepool.—Houses for key workers (60), Wrexham.— Houses (44), Minera and Brough­ Middle Warren; borough surveyor, Borough ton, for R.D.C.; J. W. Bostock, builder, B uildings. W oodblue Villa, Gwersyllt. November 15, 1946 Electrical Review 57

m s m m m m

THE NEVILLE'S PRETORIA MODEL For winding solenoid, transformer, choke and field coils. A bench-mounting universal automatic coil winder embodying many refinements hitherto only obtainable on expensive machines. A special foot-operated clutch gives smooth control of the winding spindle and it is possible to wind up to four coils simultaneously. CAPACITY : Coils from 3/16” to 6" in length. Gauges of wire 22—48 S.W .G. D IM EN SIO N S : Th e machine is 2 3 i" long, 10" w ide and 12" high. D R IV E : 1/4 H .P ., 1425 R .P .M . Ele ctric M otor. SPINDLE SPEEDS : 400, 530, 800, 1250, 3000, R.P.M. Write to department EW for full particulars. An experienced staff is available to give individual attention A typical selection o f coils wound on the to any coil winding problems. Your enquiries are invited. Neville's Pretoria Coil Winding Machine.

N EW ILLE S (L i v e r p o o l ) L T D

T H E SIMMONDS TOWER • GREAT WEST ROAD • LONDON A C O M P A N Y O F T H E SIMMONDS GROUP 58 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

The Factory M anager

P r o y ^ h a s m * «M íerl6 an a tf'^’éd9 27 g ss$ % ÿ % iS te

! ^ V e* e

The model illustrated is just one from the wide range of G.E.C. water heating appliances designed to meet every domestic and industrial appli­ cation.

ELECTRIC WATER HEATING November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 59

tj • , , 1ISEM ENTS for insertion in the following REPLIES TO advertisements published under a S lssue are accepted up to First Post on Box Number if not to be delivered to any particular Monday, «!,<>,,fo0 addressed to Classified firm or individual should be accompanied by instruc­ Advertisement Department, Dorset House, Stam- tions to this effect, addressed to the Manager of the TH P PU A _^°,ulon. S.E.l. ELECTRICAL REVIEW. Letters of applicants in 9 '-,h|ARGE for advertisements in this section ll “l~ Per I'1"' (approx. 7 words) per insertion ; ONLY such cases cannot be returned to them. The name OFFICIAL AND GOVERNMENT ANNOUNCE­ of an advertiser using a Box Number will not be MENTS CAN NOW BE DISPLAYED: 3 0 /- per disclosed. All replies to Box Numbers should be inch. Where the advertisement includes a Box addressed to the Box Number in the advertisement, Number this counts as six words and there is an c/o ELECTRICAL REVIEW, Dorset House, Stam­ additional charge of 6d. for postage of replies. SITUATIONS WANTED. — Three insertions ford Street, London, S.E.l. Cheques and Postal under this heading can be obtained for the price of Orders should be made payable to ELECTRICAL two if ordered and prepaid with the first insertion. REVIEW LTD. and crossed, Original testimonials should not be sent with applications for employment.

ABERTILLERY URBAN DISTRICT COUNCIL

Tenders for Electrical Works Please address your envelope rpENDERS are invited for the supply, delivery, con- CLASSIFIED struction and erection of E.H.T. Underground Cables. Sheet Steel Kiosks and Equipment and Substation Switch- gear, also L.T. Underground Cables and L.T. Service ADVERTISEMENT DEPARTMENT Cables for the Swffryd B.I.S.F. Housing Site, Crumlin, and the substation at Rectory Road, Crumlin. Specifica­ tion, schedule of quantities and conditions of contract can OFFICIAL NOTICES, TENDERS, ETC. be obtained upon application to the Electrical Engineer and Manager, 40, Somerset Street, Abertillery, on pay­ COUNTY BOROUGH OF GREAT YARMOUTH ment of a deposit of £2 2s.. which deposit will be refunded ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT upon receipt of a bona fide tender. Tenders, in plain sealed envelopes endorsed “ Tender Domestic Appliances for Electrical Equipment," are to be delivered to the ENDERS are invited for the supply and delivery of undersigned not later than noon of Saturday, the 23rd T Domestic Appliances required during the period of November. 1946. 12 months ending 31st March. 1948. Specification, con­ The Council do not bind themselves to accept the lowest ditions and form of tender for all or any items as listed may or any tender and reserve the right to accept the whole be obtained from G. T. Allcock. Esq.. Chief Engineer and or part of any tender. Manager. Electric House. Great Yarmouth : — H. J. WILLIAMS. Large, small and breakfast cookers, boiling rings, Council Offices. Clerk of the Council. toasters, electric kettles, percolators, waterheaters. Abertillery, Mon. wash boilers, refrigerators, washing machines, irons, 6th November. 1946.______3466 vacuum cleaners, fires, clocks, towel rails. Tenders, enclosed in plain sealed envelope, properly CITY OF MANCHESTER ELECTRICITY DEPT. endorsed “ Tender for Domestic Appliances." must reach me not later than 12 noon on Friday. 29th November. npENDERS are invited for the supply, delivery and 1946. The Council do not bind themselves to accept the erection at the Stuart Street Power Station of the lowest or any tender. following plan t: — FARRA CONWAY. Specification No. 881—Air-cooling Pipe Work for Nos. Town Hall. Great Yarmouth. Town Clerk. 67 and 68 Boilers. _ m h LOctober. 1946.______3242 Specification No. 882—Soot-blowers for Boilers Nos. 65 and 66. COUNTY OF W ARW ICK Specifications, etc.. may be obtained on application to To Heating and Electrical Engineers Mr. R. A. S. Thwaites, Chief Engineer and Manager. Electricity Dept., Town Hall. Manchester, 2, on payment IRMS desirous of having their names placed upon an of a fee of one guinea for each specification, which amount F approved list of Contractors from whom the Warwick­ will be refunded on receipt of a bona fide tender. shire County Council will invite tenders for heating, hot Tenders, addressed to the Chairman of the Electricity and cold water supplies, steam services, laundry and Committee, to be delivered not later than 10 o’clock a.m. kitchen equipment, and electric lighting and power in­ on the dates mentioned hereunder : — stallations. should make application on or before Monday, Specification No. 881—Friday, 6th December. 1946. tne 2nd December, 1946, to the County Architect, Shire Specification No. 882—Friday. 13th December, 1946. Hall. Warwick. The Committee does not bind itself to accept the lowest Applicants must forward particulars of contracts recently or any tenders. executed by them, giving the names and addresses of the PHILIP B. DINGLE. persons to whom reference can be made. Town Hall. Manchester, 2. Town Clerk. Tenders will be considered only from firms included in 8th November, 1946.______- 3524 the official list, which will be compiled by the appropriate Committee after consideration of applications. SITUATIONS VACANT L. EDGAR STEPHENS. Shire Hall. Clerk of the Council. BEDFORD CORPORATION ELECTRICITY ■,"f: W a r w i c k . ______^451 UNDERTAKING ROYAL BOROUGH OF KINGSTON-UPON-THAMES Junior Shift Engineer ENDERS are invited for the supply and delivery of T Paper Insulated Cables. Tenders and all documents PPLICATIONS are invited for the position of Junior (which must be in plain sealed envelopes not bearing any A Shift Engineer at the Council’s Selected Generating name nr mark indicating the sender), endorsed " Tender Station. The salary will be in accordance with Grade 9. fnr Cahle " must be delivered to the Borough Electrical Class G. of the National Joint Board Schedule (at present Eneineer 17 High Street. Kingston-upon-Thames. from £380 per annum). «/hnm «neciflcations and forms of tender may be obtained. Applications, stating age. giving particulars of training Tpnders rnu^t be delivered before noon on Monday, 9th and experience, together with copies of recent testimonials, rwem her 1946 No tender will be considered which does should be forwarded to the undersigned, suitably endorsed, iwff inmniv ’with the above conditions, and the Council not later than Friday, 29th November, 1946. SSL S bind itself to accept the lowest or any tender, does not Dina A w. FORSDIKE, P. G. CAMPLING. Electricity Offices, Chief Engineer and Guildhall. Kingston-upon-Thames. Town Clerk Prebend Street. Bedford. General Manager. 8th N ovem ber, 194t). 6th November. 1946. 3446 60 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

CITY AND COUNTY BOROUGH OF BELFAST LEYTON BOROUGH COUNCIL ELECTRICITY DEPT. ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT Q ENIOR SALES ASSISTANTS. Applications are invited PPLICATIONS are invited for the following positions : for the appointment of Two Senior Sales Assistants A (a) MAINS ENGINEER. Applicants must have (Male). a Salary in accordance with the National Joint sound engineering training, have a University Degree in Board Schedule, Grade 9, Class F (at present £375 18s. Electrical Engineering or be Corporate Members of the per annum rising to £391 13s.). N ote: The classification Institution of Electrical Engineers. They must not be is likely to rise to G next year. more than 40 years of age on the 1st December, 1946. Applicants, who must be not more than 40 years of The salary for the position is in accordance with Grade 5, age at the time of the appointment, must hold the Elec- Class J. of the National Joint Board Schedule of Salaries ricity Development Association Domestic Electricity Sales­ for Technical Engineers on the staff of Authorised Under­ manship Certificate, and should have had experience in takers. The scale is £651 for the first two years, £666 for an Electricity Supply Authority’s showroom, sale and the third and fourth years, and £682 after the fourth year. hire of all types of domestic electrical apparatus. Sound (b) ASSISTANT TECHNICAL ENGINEER. Appli­ knowledge of the principles of electric cooking, water cants must have a sound engineering training, have a heating, refrigeration and illumination required, and ex­ University Degree in Electrical Engineering or be Cor­ perience of practical installation work an advantage. porate Members of the Institution of Electrical Engineers. SHOWROOM ASSISTANTS. Applications are invited They must not be more than 40 years of age on tjie 1st from young persons over 18 years of age for the appoint­ December, 1946. ment of Four Showroom Assistants at a salary com­ The commencing wages for the position are £8 2s. l i d . mencing at £200 per annum, rising by annual increments per week, being in accordance with Grade 9, Class J. of of £15 to £250, plus bonus of £48 5s. per annum for the National Joint Board Schedule of Salaries for Tech­ females, or £60 per annum for males. nical Engineers on the staff of Authorised Undertakers. Applicants must have had a good general education, The scale is £425 for the first two years, £435 for the have a knowledge of salesmanship, and be capable of third and fourth years, and £445 after the fourth year. dealing promptly and efficiently with enquiries in the Upon completion of twelve months’ satisfactory service showroom. Accuracy with figures, clear handwriting, the position will be established on the salary list. tactful and courteous personality essential. (c) METER ENGINEER. Applicants should have The above appointments will be subject to the Council’s served an apprenticeship with a meter manufacturer or conditions of service applicable to such appointments, in the meter department of a Supply Authority, and and to the provisions of the Local Government Super­ possess the Higher National Certificate in Electrical Engi­ annuation Act. 1937, and the successful candidates will neering or be Corporate Members of the Institution of be required to satisfy the Council’s Medical Officer of Electrical Engineers. It is desirable that applicants have Health as to their medical fitness. It will be a condition experience in the operation of a Class A testing station. of employment that the successful candidates must be They must not be more than 40 years of âgé on the 1st members of a trade union. December, 1946. Applications, in the candidates’ own handwriting, The salary for the position is in accordance with stating age, qualifications, experience, particulars as to G rade 8b. Class J, of the National Joint Board Schedule membership of a trade union, and when able to take up of Salaries for Technical Engineers on the staff of duties, accompanied by copies of not more than three Authorised Undertakers. The scale is £456 for the first recent testimonials, to be sent to the Borough Electrical two years, £466 for the third and fourth years, and £477 Engineer and Manager, Electricity Offices, Cathall Road. after the fourth year. Leytonstone, E.ll, not later than first port Monday. Preference will be given to ex-Service candidates 2nd December. 1946. Canvassing in any form will be a possessing the required qualifications. In computing disqualification. applicants’ ages for the purpose of the age qualification D. J. OSBORNE. clause, any periods of war service in H.M. Forces will be Town Hall. Leyton. E.10. Town Clerk. deducted from applicants' actual ages, provided that this 8th November. 1946. 3460 will not apply to applicants whose actual ages would be CITY OF GLOUCESTER ELECTRICITY DEPT. over 45 years on the date of taking up duty. Applications must be made on official forms, which can Assistant Mains Draughtsman be obtained from the City Electrical Engineer and General Manager. Electricity Department, East Bridge Street, Belfast, and, with copies of not more than three recent A PPLICATIONS are invited for the position of Assistant testimonials, should reach the Town Clerk, City Hall. Mains Draughtsman at a salary in accordance with Belfast, not later than 4 p.m. on Friday, 29th November, Class G. Grade 9. of the N.J.B. Schedule (£380 per 1946. Canvassing, oral or written, if proved to the satis­ annum rising by biennial increments to £395 per annum). faction of the appointing authority, will disqualify. Applicants must be fully qualified draughtsmen with a sound knowledge of modern drawing office practice and JOHN DUNLOP. general mains records, and be familiar with building and City Hall. Belfast. Town Clerk. structural engineering as applied to substations, etc. The 8th November, 1946.______3510 successful candidate will be required to pass a medical NORTH OF SCOTLAND HYDRO-ELECTRIC BOARD examination, and the appointment is subject to the Local Government Superannuation Act. 1937. Applications, stating age, qualifications and experience, p p licatio n s are invited for:— accompanied by copies of three recent testimonials, should A (1) SENIOR ASSISTANT, in Secretary’s Department, be addressed to reach the undersigned not later than first preferably between 35 and 45 years old: good adminis­ post on Monday. November 25th, 1946. trative experience essential, preferably in connection with the construction of works and the operation of public . , _ EMIL BRAATHEN. utilities. Starting salary £600 p.a. Commercial Road, Chief Engineer and (2) ASSISTANTS (TWO), preferably over 29 and under Gloucester. ______General Manager. 3359 45 years old: legal qualifications in one case and adminis­ CITY OF LANCASTER trative experience on construction of wo'rks and the operation of public utilities in the other, will be an advan­ Assistant Shift Charge Engineer tage. Starting salary £500 p.a. (3) ASSISTANT, age preferably between 35 and 50 years, with experience of the administration of large A P?£ICATi 0NS arex J,nvifced for an Assistant Shift Q - i S i *e Engmf er at Cate? R°a<3 Generating Station. camps. The successful applicant will be required to Salary in accordance with the N.J.B. Schedule at co-ordinate welfare through camp welfare officers and to present Grade 9. Class H. £402 per annum. carry out routine correspondence and negotiations with t oTii6 £ppomtment will be subject to the provisions of the catering contractors. Starting salary £550 p.a. Local Government Superannuation Act. 1937. and the (4) ENGINEERING ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT, age preferably between 29 and 45 years, with experience examination! Wi" be reclui- d Pasf a T ed S in general building and the construction of large camps. Starting salary £550 p.a. power'station ^ b°iIerS a"d ^ eral Successful applicants will be required to pass a medical Applications, stating age. qualifications and particulars examination and become contributors to the Board's of training and experience, also probable date on which Superannuation Fund. duties can be taken up. together with copies of two Application forms may be obtained from the under­ testimonials must reach the undersigned not later than signed and should be returned not later than the 2nd Saturday. November 16th, 1946. December, 1946. T. LAWRIE, Secretary. -17, . • ■» .. GE0- C- MILNES, M.C.. M.I.E.E K ' r , r City Electrical Engineer 16, Rothesay Terrace, Edinburgh, 3. 3508 North Road. Lancaster. 3233 November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 61

METROPOLITAN b o r o u g h o f s t e p n e y LONDON AND HOME COUNTIES JOIN T electricity d e p a r t m e n t ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY Appointment of Mains and Public Lighting Engineer Surbiton and Twickenham Districts

A PLICATIONS are invited from Corporate Members PPLICATIONS are invited for the appointments of of the Institution of Electrical Engineers for the A Junior Female Showroom Attendants at the Surbiton position of Mains and Public Lighting Engineer at a and Twickenham district undertakings of the Authority. salary m accordance with Class H, Grade 3. of the National The scheme of conditions of service of the National Joint Joint Board Schedule of Salaries, commencing at £761 5s. Council for local authorities’ administrative, etc.. services per annum . will apply to the appointments. Salary will be in accord­ Applicants must have had a thorough training and ance with the general division of such scheme. The salaries experience of E.H.T. and L.T. underground mains work, in this division range from £120 per annum at 20 years including change-over from D.C. to A.C., and the keeping of age to £264 per annum at 30 years of age. The salary of the necessary plans and records, and be capable of mentioned includes the weighting for the London area. supervising the Public Lighting Department, having In addition to the above basic salary there is a cost-of- knowledge of modern practice in design and layout of living bonus, which is now £59 10s. per annum at age of I street lighting. 21 years and over. The appointment will be subject to the provisions of Candidates must have been educated to matriculation the Stepney Borough Council (Superannuation) Acts. standard. They should have had experience in the show­ 1905-1931. and to the Council’s by e-laws, and will, in the room of an electricity supply undertaker or electrical j first instance, be for a probationary period of six months. contractor, and be conversant with domestic electrical The successful applicant will be required to pass a medical apparatus. Age not to exceed 26 years. The persons examination and reside within easy access of the Borough. appointed will be required satisfactorily to pass a medical Applications, stating age. whether married or single, examination by the Authority’s medical adviser, and to present appointment and salary, experience and qualifica- become subject to the Authority’s Superannuation Scheme, ! tions, accompanied by copies of not more than three recent which applies generally the provisions of the Local Govern­ testimonials, should be forwarded to the Town Clerk. ment Superannuation Act, 1937, including the provisions | Municipal Offices. London Fruit Exchange. Duval Street, of that statute relating to transfer values. l E.l, not later than 12 noon on the 30th November. 1946. Applications, stating age. qualifications and experience, I Candidates are required to state whether they are related and endorsed “ Junior Female Showroom Attendant.’’ | to any member or senior officer of the Council. Canvass­ accompanied by copies of not more than three recent ing, directly or indirectly, will disqualify. testimonials, must be sent to the District Manager of the J. E. ARNOLD JAMES. Authority at 22. Claremont Road, Surbiton, or 42, York Municipal Offices. Town Clerk. Street, Twickenham, as the case may be. so as to reach London Fruit Exchange, him by not later than Tuesday, the 26th November. 1946. Duval Street. E .l.______3438 Canvassing, directly or indirectly, will be a disqualification. A. L. BURNELL. COUNTY BOROUGH OF MIDDLESBROUGH 5-6, Lancaster Place. Clerk to the Authority. ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT Strand. W.C.2. 7th November. 1946.______3472 Appointment of Lady Demonstrator PORTLAND URBAN DISTRICT COUNCIL A PPLICATIONS are invited for the above appointment at a salary of £252 per annum rising by annual Appointment of Electrical Engineer increments to £288 per annum, plus a cost-of-living bonus of. a t present. £48 2s. per annum . A PPLICATIONS are invited for the post of Electrical Candidates must have had a good general education, Engineer, at a salary in accordance with the Agree­ hold the E.A.W. Diploma or Certificate or other approved ment made by the National Joint Committee of Local qualifications, and have a thorough knowledge of domestic Authorities and Chief Electrical Engineers dated 9th July, electrical appliances: they must be competent to conduct 1941, viz. : First year £524, second year £570. third year lectures, cookery demonstrations, advise on the selection £616. plus war bonus (at present 23s. per week), and car and use of electrical apparatus, and competent to advise allowance of £60 per annum. The above salary is based consumers on the use of such appliances in their own on the units sold during the year ended 31st March. 1946. houses. The appointment will be subject to the provisions which were 4.704,557, and of which 1,624.350 were sold of the Local Government Superannuation Act, 1937, and to a large consumer. to the successful candidate passing satisfactorily a medical Applicants should be competent to undertake the com­ examination. plete control and management of the Council’s Under­ Applications, giving full particulars of training and taking. comprising E.H.T. transmission and L.T. 3-phase experience, and accompanied by copies of recent testi­ 4-wire underground and overhead distribution systems. monials, must reach the Borough Electrical Engineer. The appointment will be subject to the provisions of the Corporation Electricity Works, Snowdon Road. Middles­ Local Government Superannuation Act, 1937, and the brough. not later than 9 a.m. Monday. 2nd December. person selected will be required to pass a medical examination and to reside within the Urban District. He 1946. E. C. PARR. will also be required to devote his whole time to the duties of his office. The appointment will be subject to Municipal Buildings, Town Clerk. two calendar months’ notice on either side. Middlesbrough. Applications, stating age, experience, and qualifications, 31st October. 1 9 4 6 . ______3374 and accompanied by copies of three recent testimonial, to COUNTY BOROUGH OF WEST HARTLEPOOL be sent to me in sealed envelopes endorsed “ E’ectrical ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT Engineer ” not later than Wednesday. 20th November. 1946. Canvassing, directly or indirectly, will disqualify. Appointment of Lady Demonstrator HARRY WALKER. Council Offices. Portland. Clerk to the Council. A PPLICATIONS are invited for the above appointment 1st November. 1946.1 3423 at a salary of £252 rising to £288 per annum, plus WOLVERHAMPTON AND STAFFORDSHIRE cost-of-living bonus, at present £48 per annum. Can­ TECHNICAL COLLEGE didates must have had a good general education and possess an E.A.W. Diploma or equivalent certificate. Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Dept. They must be competent to arrange and conduct lectures, demonstrations and exhibitions, and to advise consumers on kitchen planning and the selection and use of elec- QENIOR ASSISTANT. Burnham Salary Scale for Senior trial appliances of all types The appointment will be ^ Assistants £600 to £750 per annum by annual incre­ subiect to the provisions of the Local Government Super­ ments of £25. with addition for time spent in approved annuation Act. 1937. and the successful candidate will be study and/or training (maximum addition £45 for five rpnnirprt tn nass a medical examination. years) ^Vnnlications endorsed " Lady Demonstrator." giving Also POST OF RESPONSIBILITY. Salary £380 to narlfcu aS age oualiftcations. and full details of experi- £605 per annum by annual increments of £15: addition ^ “ Inied by two recent testimonials, should be for approved study or training as above: previous teach­ submitted to the undersigned not later than 27th Novem­ ing and industrial experience taken into account in fixing commencing salary. ber. 1946. g TILLOTSON. Particulars and forms of application from F. Lonsdale t., . vr„„o Borough Electrical Engineer. Mills. Clerk to the Governors. Education Offices. North H£chSUtS?West Hartlepool. 3480 Street. Wolverhampton. 3483 6 2 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 1 5 , 1 9 4 6

COUNTY BOROUGH OF SWANSEA ELECTRICITY CITY OF BIRMINGHAM ELECTRIC SUPPLY DEPT DEPARTMENT PPLICATIONS are invited for the following positions Appointment of Generation Engineer A in the Generating Stations: — JUNIOR ENGINEERS ON SHIFT. Applicants should A PPLICATIONS are invited from qualified Engineers, have a sound technical education and possess technical not over 45 years of age, unless at present in the qualifications admitting to Corporate Membership of the service of a local authority, for the position of Institution of Electrical or Mechanical Engineers. Appoint­ " Generation Engineer.” Applicants must have had a ments will be made in accordance with N.J.B. conditions, thorough mechanical and electrical engineering training, commencing at £381 per annum, with prospects of further preferably including experience in a manufacturing advancement. engineering works; possess a degree or equivalent technical ASSISTANT MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE ENGI­ qualifications admitting to Corporate Membership of the NEERS. Applicants should have served an apprenticeship Institution of Mechanical or Electrical Engineers, and to mechanical engineering and have technical qualifications have held a similar appointment in a large Power Station at least equal to the Higher National Certificate in operating under the direction of the Central Electricity Mechanical Engineering, and be capable, under the direc­ B oard. tion of the Mechanical Maintenance Engineer, of super­ The successful candidate will be required to take vising the erection of new plant, detailing drawings from charge of the operation and maintenance of the Depart­ site measurements and compiling maintenance records and ment’s Generating Station with any extensions or costs. Experience with the running and maintenance of modifications thereto and to devote the whole of his time high pressure steam plant is essential. The salary and to the duties of his office. conditions of employment will be in accordance with the The salary will be in accordance with Grade 2. Class J, National Joint Board Schedule. Class N, Grade 10b, at of the N.J.B. Schedule of Salaries, which, at the present present £408 per' annum. time, is £874, rising to £913 per annum. The appoint­ The appointments will be subject to the Local Govern­ ment will be subject to the provisions of the Local Government and Other Officers Superannuation Act 1937, ment Superannuation Act, 1937, and to the passing of a and the successful candidate will be required to pass a medical examination. Applications must be made on the medical examination. appropriate forms, which can be obtained from the under­ Applications, which must be made on a prescribed form signed. and should be returned not later than 25th obtainable from the Borough Electrical Engineer and November, 1946. Manager, Guildhall, Swansea, together with copies of not F. W. LAWTON. M.I.Mech.E., M.I.E.E.. more than two recent testimonials, must be delivered to 14, Dale End, Chief Engineer and Manager. the undersigned not later than Saturday, the 30th Birmingham, 4.______3440 November, 1946. Canvassing, either directly or indirectly, BOROUGH OF BARKING ELECTRICITY DEPT. is prohibited and will be a disqualification. T. B. BOWEN. Appointment of Substation Engineer Guildhall, Swansea. Town Clerk. 2nd November, 1946.______3403 A PPLICATIONS are invited for the position of Sub- BOROUGH OF H ASLINGDEN ELECTRICITY station Engineer at a salary in accordance with the DEPARTMENT N.J.B. Schedule, Class F, Grade 6, commencing at £534 p er annum . Mains Assistant Candidates must be Corporate Members of the Institution of Electrical Engineers or hold an equivalent qualification, PPLICATIONS are invited for the position of Mains and must have had technical and practical experience of A Assistant in the Electricity Department, at a salary all work connected with rotary, rectifier and static sub­ in accordance with Grade I of the Administrative. stations. The selected candidate will be responsible to Professional and Technical Division, National Joint the Borough Electrical Engineer for the design of sub­ Council’s Scale for Local Authorities’ Staffs (£330 X £15 stations. design of all equipment, protective and super­ to £375 per annum). visory systems, preparation of estimates and forms of Candidates must possess the Higher National Electrical tender, responsible for equipping and maintaining all Engineering Certificate and must have had experience in substations, responsible for substation fitting staff, together the laying of 6.6 kV high tension mains, three-phase with any other work which may arise. distribution, and maintenance and operation of static It is anticipated that a house owned by the Corporation substations. will be available for the successful applicant. The appoint­ The appointment is subject to the provisions of the ment is subject to the provisions of the Local Government Local Government Superannuation Act, 1937. The Superannuation Act. 1937, and the successful candidate successful candidate will be required to pass a medical will be required to pass a medical examination. examination by the Council’s Medical Officer of Health. Applications must be submitted on the appropriate form, Applications, accompanied by copies of three recent which may be obtained from the undersigned, and should testimonials, must be forwarded to the Borough Electrical be returned, together with copies of three recent testi­ Engineer. John Street, Haslingden. Lancashire, not later monials, by Thursday, 28th November, 1946, endorsed than Wednesday, 20th November, 1946. “ Substation Engineer.” Canvassing in any manner will L. M. BURTON. be deemed a disqualification. Municipal Offices, Haslingden. Town Clerk. E. R. FARR. 28th October, 1946.______3305 Town Hall. Barking. Town Clerk. 2nd November, 1946. 3470 COUNTY BOROUGH OF ST. HELENS ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT COUNTY BOROUGH OF HALIFAX ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT PPLICATIONS are invited for the appointment of A Deputy Borough Electrical Engineer at a salary in Appointment of Relief Charge Engineer accordance with Class G. Grade 1 of the N.J.B. Schedule, commencing at £833 per annum. \ PPLICATIONS are invited for the position of Relief Candidates, preferably not more than 45 years of age, P ar?e Engineer at the Foundry Street Power Station should possess an Engineering Degree or its equivalent and of the above Authority. The conditions of employment also Corporate Membership of one of the leading are in accordance with the National Joint Board Agree­ Engineering Institutions. Thorough experience in ment, Class G. Grade 8b. at present £408 rising to £422 generation, distribution and the commercial development p er annum . of an electricity supply undertaking owning a selected Candidates must be experienced in the operation of generating station is essential, particularly in regard to the steam turbo alternators, high pressure boilers and auxiliary layout and erection of modern power station plant. plant in a modern selected power station. The appoint­ Applications, accompanied by copies of not more than ment will be subject to the provisions of the Local Govern­ three testimonials, must be made on the form obtainable ment Superannuation Act, 1937, and the successful appli­ from the undersigned, and be received not later than cant will be required to pass a medical examination. 25th November in an envelope clearly endorsed ‘ Deputy Applications, endorsed “ Relief Charge Engineer.” Borough Electrical Engineer.” The appointment will be stating age. training and experience, and accompanied by subject to the provisions of the Local Government copies of not more than three recent testimonials, should Superannuation Act, 1937. and the successful candidate reach the undersigned not later than 12 noon, Monday. will be required to pass a medical examination. 2nd December, 1946. Canvassing, either directly or in­ P. BREGAZZI. directly, will disqualify. Electricity Works. Engineer and Manager. A. G. CONNELL. M .I.E.E.. M.I.Mech.E.. F.Inst.F.. Carlton Street. St. Helens, Lancs ^ Borough Electrical Engineer and Manager 1st November, 1946. 3382 19/23, Northgate, Halifax. 3467 November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 63

COUNTY BOROUGH OF WALSALL ELECTRICITY BOROUGH OF GILLINGHAM (KENT) SUPPLY DEPARTMENT ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT Appointment ol Technical Assistant Appointment of Assistant Mains Engineer

/VEPXilCATIOXS are invited for the position of Tech- A PPLICATIONS are invited for the above appointment, meal Assistant. Candidates must have passed the with salary and conditions in accordance with Grade 8. Graduateship Examination of the I.E.E.. or hold équiva­ Class F. of the National Joint Board Schedule, at present lent qualifications, and have had responsible practical £442-£459 per annum. experience in the design, construction, operation and Candidates must be Corporate or Graduate Members of maintenance of a large A.C. system, including 3-phase the I.E.E.. or hold equivalent qualifications, and must E.H.T. transmission. 4-wire L.T. distribution, trans­ have had sound technical and practical experience in the formers. switchgear and substations. construction, operation and maintenance of 3-phase. Salary and conditions of employment will be in accord­ E.H.T and L.T. distribution systems, including trans­ ance with the National Joint Board Schedule, (lass G. formers. switchgear and substations. The appointment Grade 4 (at present £630-£642-£654). will be sub'ect to the provisions of the Local Government The appointment will be subject to the provisions of Superannuation Act. 1937. and the successful candidate the Local Government and Other Officers Superannuation will be required to pass a medical examination. Acts and the successful candidate will be required to pass Applications, stating age. qualifications and experience, a medical examination. Applicants must disclose whether together with copies of not more than three recent testi­ they are related to any member of the Walsall Town monials. and endorsed “Assistant Mains Engineer.” should Council, and canvassing, directly or indirectly, will dis­ be received by the undersigned not later than first post. qualify. Monday. 25th November. 1946. Applications should be in the appropriate form, which H. HALL. A.M.LE.E.. may be obtained from the undersigned, and should be Electricity Offices. Borough Electrical Engineer. submitted, together with copies of testimonials, not later Gardiner Street. than Tuesday. 26th November. 1946. Gillingham. Kent.______3436 D . H O L T . Electricity Supply Dept.. Engineer and Manager. METROPOLITAN BOROUGH OF WOOLWICH Upper Bridge St.. Walsall. ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT 4th November. 1946.______3484 Appointment of Two Control Room Engineers THE BRITISH SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT RESEARCH ASSOCIATION A PPLICATIONS are invited for the appointment of two Control Room Engineers for shift duties at the [E British Scientific Instrument Research Association Woolwich Power Station. Candidates should have had r has vacancies in their new laboratories for scientists previous experience in a similar position, must have with first-class academic and professional qualifications. first-class technical qualifications and sound practical The following appointments will shortly be made in the experience in the operation of a modern power station. Electrical Instruments and Electronic Departments located The salary will be in accordance with Grade 9. Class J. in the outskirts of South-East London. of the National Joint Board Schedule, commencing at (a) Physicist with at least four to five years’ experience £446 5s. per annum. The appointment will be subject in electronic instruments or electronic circuits. to the provisions of the Local Government Superannuation (b) Physicist or Engineer with at least four to five Act. 1937. and the successful candidates will be required years’ experience in electrical (non-electronic) or to na^ a medical examination. magnetic instruments. Applications, stating age. qualifications and experience, (c) Junior Physicists or Engineers with some experience together with not more than three testimonials, should be in the field of electrical or electronic instrument addressed to the Borough Electrical Engineer, Electric technology'. House. Powis Street. Woolwich. S.E.18. to reach him not The appointments will be made in the first instance in later than 23rd November. 1946. Canvassing, either the Scientific Officer grade. £300-£550. and carry F.S.S.U. directly or indirectly, will disqualify. benefits after a probationary period. Applications in DAVID JENKINS. writing only, giving full details to Director of Research Town Hall. Town Clerk. and Secretary. B.S.I.R.A., 26. Russell Sq.. W.C.l. 3431 Woolwich. S.E.18. 3316 BOROUGH OF WATFORD ELECTRICITY DEPT. CITY OF BIRMINGHAM ELECTRIC SUPPLY DEPT.

A PPLICATIONS are invited for the position of Central Testing Department— Instrument Mechanics Salesman-Representative. Applicants, who should be between the ages of 25 and 35 years of age and have A PPLICATIONS are invited for the position of Instru- had experience in electricity showrooms, should be familiar ment Mechanics with good knowledge of the operation, with tariffs and general showroom routine, whilst prefer­ repair and maintenance of all types of instruments used ence will be shown to those having display ability. in the control of boilers and turbines (other than elec­ The salary offered is £255/ £300 per annum, plus a tricity meters). Applicants should preferably have a cost-of-living bonus of £59 16s.. in accordance with the knowledge of Kent and Bailey steam flow meters. Foster Miscellaneous Division. Grade 1. of the National Joint temperature indicating and recording installations, and Council Scale of Salaries. The appointment will be Kent Multelec superheat temperature controllers. subject to the provisions of the Local Government Super­ Wages will be equivalent to those for Grade 1 fitter, annuation Act. 1937. as laid down in the District Joint Industrial Council Applications, giving full details of age. education and Scale for No. 5 West Midlands Area. Zone A. at present experience, together with copies of testimonials, to be 29.28d. per hour for a 47-hour week. Applications to be forwarded to the undersigned and be received not later made on a form obtainable from the undersigned, to be than 5th December. 1946. returned, accompanied by copies of recent testimonials, A. W. BARHAM. not later than the 2nd December. 1946. Chief Engineer and General Manager. Borough of W atford Electricity Department. F. W. LAWTON. M.I.Mech.E.. M.I.E.E.. Electricity House. The Parade. Watford.______3323 14. Dale End. Chief Engineer and Manager.^ B irm ingham . 4.______3471 THE GALLOWAY WATER POWER COMPANY LONDON TRANSPORT Shift Charge Engineer Vacancy T ONDON Transport has a vacancy for an Electrical Modern Bungalow Available Tester for maintenance work on supervisory control equipment of the automatic telephone type used for the A PPLICATIONS are invited for the position of Shift remote control of traction substations. Previous experience -A . rEnrintrtr at Kendcon Power Station. Hydro- of this type of equipment or of auto-telephone exchange electric e^erience not esentU . but shift charge expert- equipmept is essential. Inclusive rate of pay 134s. per week of 47 hours. ence w ith °C \aS V\ G rade 8 . salary scale £368- Applications, stating age and giving full particulars of T h e position includes the occupancy of a modem experience and qualifications, together with references regarding general and technical education should be sent " aj ,:" r01; on' w rt^’iu’il'particula'rfto the Director and to the Superintendent of Recruitment and Training Power Station. Kirkcudbright. &ot- (WR.S.2273). London Passenger Transport Board. 566. High Road. Chiswick. W.4. 3380 land. 6 4 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w November 15, 1946

BOROUGH OF FARNWORTH ELECTRICITY DEPT. PPLICATIONS are invited for the position of Sales A Manager with a progressive wholesale electrical Appointment of Consumers’ Engineer company in London. The qualifications necessary are ability, initiative, pleasing personality and wholesale PPLICATIONS are invited for the above position, at experience. This is a permanent and progressive post A offering excellent opportunities for a first-class man. a salary in accordance with the National Joint Board Apply, giving full details of experience, qualifications, Schedule, Class D, Grade 8, at present £397 to £408 per salary, expectations, etc.. to—Box 3513, c/o The Elec­ annum, inclusive of bonus. Candidates should hold the Higher National Certificate in Electrical Engineering, or trical Review. an equivalent qualification, and have had considerable RMATURE Winder for Merseyside area. Must have experience in the electricity supply industry. A knowledge of A.C. and D.C. machines. One capable Application forms, which can be obtained from the of organising, with prospects of taking charge of, a new undersigned, should be received by me not later than department. Write, giving details of training and experi­ Monday, the 25th November, 1946. ence, together with copies of references, to — James McKenzie Ltd., Oxton Road, Birkenhead. 3444 H. CUNLIEFE. Town Hall, Farnworth, Lancs. Town Clerk. RMATURE Winders and Improvers urgently required. November, 1946.______3482 A Top rates and good conditions.—Box 113, c/o The Electrical Review. IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SSISTANT Chemist required for laboratory of elec­ A trical engineering works in London area. Exempt City and Guilds College from or completed national service, age 20-25 years. Salary £250-£350 according to age and experience.—Box rpHERE is a vacancy in the Electrical Engineering 3023, c/o White’s Ltd., 72, Fleet Street, E.C.4. 3477 Department, on the side of electrical machine and A SSISTANT Control Engineer. Large supply under- power, for an Assistant Lecturer. The appointment is for taking in the London area requires an Assistant a period of three years with salary of £400 p.a. with Control Engineer for load dispatching duties. He should F.S.S.U. superannuation. An Honours Degree and some have first-class technical qualifications, and preferably practical experience of heavy electrical engineering are some experience in the operation of modern generating essential. stations or large H.T. distributing stations. Salary £550- Applications, accompanied by full statement of qualifi­ £575 per annum. State age and particulars of training cations. and with references, should be sent to the Head and experience to—Box No. 498, c/o Dawsons, 28, Craven of the Electrical Engineering Department, City and Guilds Street, London, W.C.2. 3435 College. Exhibition Road. London. S.W.7.______3397 A SSISTANT Engineer required by established firm of CITY OF LINCOLN ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT electrical contractors (London). Applicant must be of good education, with practical, technical and commer­ cial experience. Full particulars to—Box 3201, c/o The 1\TAINS Assistant required, with experience of H.T. Electrical Review and L.T. networks. Must have good knowledge of SSOCIATED Portland Cement Manufacturers Ltd. mains records. Salary in accordance with N.J.B1. Scale, A Senior Assistant Electrical Engineer, with initiative Class G, Grade 8a. commencing £437 per annum. and experience of the installation and maintenance of Applications, together with copies of two testimonials, distribution systems in large factories. Applicants should to be submitted to the undersigned not later than the be capable of negotiating contracts with equipment manu­ 30th November, 1946. facturers. and should preferably have a degree and have F. NEWEY.spent some M.I.E.E., years on the manufacturing side. The post Electricity Dept., Engineer and Manager. carries with it gcod prospects of advancement. Salary Brayford Side North, Lincoln. will be between £600 and £700 per annum, depending 5th November, 1946.______3494 upon experience, plus £105 per annum war bonus plus NORTHAMPTON PO LYTECH N IC, LONDON, E.C.1 staff bonus. Pension fund. Applications, which should give full details of training and subsequent experience, should be submitted not later than the 22nd November, ECTURERS are required for the full-time permanent 1946. and should be addressed to the Chief Engineer, L staff of the Polytechnic in the Electrical Engineering A.P.C.M. Ltd.. 192, Ashley Gardens. S.W.l. 3211 Department. Candidates should be qualified to teach ABLE Makers in Midlands require experienced telecommunications, electrical machine design, electrical C Foreman capable of taking complete charge of pro­ power or electrical measurements. duction of rubber longitudinal and forcing machines, also Salary in accordance with the revised Burnham Scale rubber mixing, calendering, etc. Apply, stating age, for technical teachers in London. Further particulars and experience and salary required, to—Box 3263, c/o The form of application can be obtained from the Secretary. Electrical Review. ______3464 ABLE-Making Engineer, familiar with manufacturing British firm of Telephone Manufacturers in India has C processes and machines for paper, rubber or plastic cables, offered permanent position with considerable A vacancies for experienced Telephone Engineers. scope in an established London firm. Knowledge of Applicants should be capable of planning automatic costing or estimating desirable. Good general education telephone exchange networks, developing area layouts, essential. State salary required, age and details in full. assessing traffic data, and generally advising customers on —Box 3495. c/o The Electrical Review. technical requirements. The post offers good prospects to suitable engineers who should, preferably, be aged about /^H IE F Assistant required by electrical contractors and 30. Good salary with kit and travelling allowances and ^ radio retailers. Applicants must be capable of taking usual leave. Apply, giving full details of qualifications charge of staff, be sound on electrical theory, and have and experience and whether married or single, to—Box practical experience in a majority of the activities of the No. 112, Dorlands, 18/20, Regent Street, London. S.W .l. firm, which include general electrical installations, ship 3221 and yacht wiring, radio and allied equipment, neon light­ British firm of telephone manufacturers in India has ing. and electrical and radio retail sales. Commencing A vacancies for Telephone Engineers with experience salary £6-£8 per week. Prospects depend upon ability to in installation and maintenance of automatic and manual develop existing good class business.—Laslett & Co.,Queen telephone exchange equipment. Applicants should be Street. Ramsgate. 3432 capable of carrying out exchange installation work on /CLERICAL Assistant required for stores office. Must their own initiative under the general supervision of the ^ have good knowledge of electrical material.—London Senior Installer. The post offers good prospects to young Electrical Co., 92, Blackfriars Road, S.E.l. 104 single men. Good salary with kit and travelling allow­ /'COMBUSTION Engineer required to take charge of ances and usual leave. Apply, giving full details of ^ boiler house operating at extra high pressure. Ex­ experience and age, to—Box 148, Dorlands. 18/20, Regent perience of modern boiler plant and sound electrical Street, London, S.W.l. 3456 knowledge essential. Salary in accordance with the CCOUNTANT for senior position required by the N.J.B. Schedule, Class H, Grade 8 b . Applications giv­ A Sussex Electricity Supply Co. Ltd. at Littlehampton. ing full particulars of qualifications and experience should Preference given to one with experience of electricity be addressed to the Power Station Superintendent. supply or similar public utility undertaking. Appoint­ Northmet Power Company, Taylor’s Lane, Willesden. ment will be permanent and pensionable. Applications London. N.W.10. 3499 in writing, giving details of age, experience, etc., and TARAUGHTSMAN, with experience of electrical and salary required, to—Electricity Office, Littlehampton. 3302 mechanical design, required by company with small RMATURE Winders and Improvers urgeutl> required. drawing office. Prospects of advancement. East London A Top rates and good conditions.—Collins Electrical area. Write, giving age, experience and salary required. Ltd., 22, St. Alban’s Place, London, N.I. 85 —Box 3458. c/o The Electrical Review. November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 65

("IONS! l i ING Engineers in North Lincolnshire, reauire NGINEERS and Draughtsmen are invited to apply to M on drawing °mCe’ Ass;staI't Electrical Engineer, age E a large electrical engineering firm in the Midlands which has vacancies in the switchgear department for ’M ^ ric S g^ & ,f per,8nce essential.-Box 9906, c/o Technical Sales. Contract. Costing and Design Engineers; J i g . an<1 Tool- Applications invited tor also experienced Technical Engineers capable of handling r or,v S re®Ponsible position in large engineering com- large projects for generation, transmission and distribution. j ui London area. Applicants must have con­ Vacancies also exist for Draughtsmen for circuit diagram siderable pre-war experience with iirms of repute, should and general work.—Box 69. c/o The Electrical Review. be laminar with modern mass production practice, and OREMAN Armature Winder, A.C. and D.C. rewinds must be competent to supervise design of tooling for wide F up to 100 h.p.. willing to travel between subsidiary range of products. Applications must be made in writing, companies. Good rate for the right type, but must be giving full details, age. previous experience and positions first-class workman.—Box 3526, c/o The Electrical Review. held, with salaries, to —Box 3447, c/o The Electrical OREMAN Electricians, N.F.E.A. conditions, at 2s. 8d. Review. F an hour. Good experience in industrial and domestic T^RAUGHTSMAN (Intermediate) required for general installations necessary. Apply—General Manager (L.R.S.). instrument work. Permanent and progressive post Finborough Hall. Stowmarket, Suffolk. 3455 for the right man.—Box 3463, c/o The Electrical Review. OREMAN required, take charge electrical assembly RAUGHTSMAN required (Walthamstow district) with F and testing fluorescent lighting units. Able train D good general experience in machine and plant design. and control male and female staff. East London area.- Good working conditions. Pension scheme. Reply, stating age. experience and salary required, to—Box 3448, Box 3327. c/o The Electrical Review. c/o The Electrical Review. "C^OREMAN wanted by leading firm of cable manufac- RAUGHTSMAN (Senior) required for general instru­ turers for copper wire mill, including pickling plant D ment work. Good salary and progress for right and annealing ovens. Applicants should be between 30 man.—Box 3462, c/o The Electrical Review. and 40 years of age and must be conversant with all RAUGHTSMAN-Designer, thoroughly experienced in modern methods and fully capable of taking complete charge of plant, including die room for the refinishing of D fractional horse-power motors, required by a modern synthetic and diamond dies. The position, which is a firm of precision instrument makers. Good opportunity staff appointment, is progressive, and superannuation for a keen man.—Box 3461. c/o The Electrical Review. benefits are available.—Box 3390, c/o The Electrical RAUGHTSMEN. Applications are invited from Review. D Senior and Junior Switchgear Draughtsmen with experience of general switchboard work, high and low ULLY experienced Female Tracer required, age 25-30. voltage, control panels, diagrams, etc. Applicants should F Write, stating age, experience and salary required, state age, experience and salary required to—Employ­ to—Staff Officer. British Insulated Callender’s Cables Ltd.. ment Officer. Messrs. Johnson & Phillips L td., Victoria Erith Works. Belvedere. Kent (Ref. SR/12). 3476 Way. Charlton. S.F.7. 3443 EADING Draughtsman required for progressive posi­ RAUGHTSMEN required in N.E. London area. Two L tion with well-established firm in North-West, manu­ D Seniors with sound mechanical knowledge and facturing domestic electric appliances. Production and experience in E .H .T. outdoor switchgear of the oil design experience of domestic appliances essential. Write, minimum type. One Senior with experience of steelwork, stating age, salary required and details of experience, to cable ducting, overhead lines, etc.. for outdoor switching —Box 3473, c /o The Electrical Review. stations. One Intermediate with experience of control ONDON Passenger Transport Board. Applications boards, indoor cellular gear and kiosks, knowledge of L are invited from suitable candidates for the follow­ diagrams an advantage. Good salary offered to suitable ing temporary positions on the technical staff of the men. Apply, stating age and experience.—Box 3243. c/o Signal Engineer at Earls Court Station. Probable dura­ The Electrical Review. tion of employment two to three years. E R /E .403 [DRAUGHTSMEN, preferably with telecommunications Signalling Trainees.—Qualifications to include the pos­ U experience, required by large firm in the Midlands. session of the National Certificate in Electrical Engineering, Maximum salary £350 plus cost of living bonus. Write, or its equivalent, and preferably some drawing office giving details of experience, age. and salary required.— experience. Training will be given in railway power Rot 11. r'/n The Electrical Review. signalling for a period of three months, at the end of which an examination will be held. Successful candidates ‘C'LECTRIC Wire and Cable Makers in the Midlands will be appointed as Temporary Technical Assistants and invite applications for a vacancy as Chief Inspector. will be employed in the production of signalling drawings. Duties will include quality control of all products during Salary, including the training period, £250 to £325 per manufacture and final inspection. Applicants should give annum, plus £72 16s. per annum war advance. I t is age, past experience and salary required to—Box 3264, intended that the training shall commence in November c/o The Electrical Review. or December. 1946. ER/E.404 Temporary Draughtsman. ‘U'LECTRICAL Engineer with practical and general —Qualifications to include the possession of a National experience of installation, maintenance and fault- Certificate in Mechanical Engineering, or its equivalent, localising required, for perm anent employment in the drawing office experience, including the design of elec­ specialised field of X-ray engineering. Applicant must trical and mechanical components, and ability to prepare be willing to travel in the United Kingdom. Apply by improvised sketches. Salary £250 to £325 per annum, letter, stating age, experience, etc., to—Victor X-ray Cor­ according to age and qualifications, plus £72 16s. per poration Ltd., 15/19. Cavendish Place. London, W .l. 3371 annum war advance. ER/E.405 Temporary Junior T^LECTRICIAN Fitter, for maintenance and overhaul Draughtsman.—For the preparation of drawings of of electric goods and passenger lifts and small elec­ enamelled iron and glass signs and sign cases. Applicants tric fan motors. London area.—Alpha Manufacturing & should previously have been employed in a drawing office, Electrical Co. L td.. 21, Cedars Road, S.W.4. 3500 and experience of the type of work required would prove NGINEER required by large firm in London area for to be an advantage. Salary £150 to £220 per annum plus £72 16s. per annum war advance. ER/E.406 Temporary E design and development work on fractional horse­ Technical Assistants.—Qualifications to include the power motors. Previous experience essential. A degree possession of a National Certificate in Electrical Engineer­ in electrical engineering is desirable. W rite giving full ing. or its equivalent, and preferably some drawing office details of experience and qualifications, also salary re­ experience, knowledge and experience of lighting or quired. to—Box 3295. c /o The Electrical Review. electrical track equipmnt on an electric railway third or T^XPERIENCED Constructional Steelwork Draughts- fourth rail traction system. Experience should include man. used to transmission lines and masts, required the preparation of estimates and drawings, and association for mast design section. Location of work is at with the installation of cables, cable runs, low tension Chelmsford. Basic salary up to £7 10s. per week, feeders and lighting systems. Salary £250 to £325 per according to experience and ability, plus 25% staff war annum according to age, qualifications and experience, bonus.—English Electric Co. L td., Queens House, Kings- plus £72 16s. per annum war advance. Applications, way. W.C.2. 3232 giving full particulars of education, business and other TT'XPERIENCED Electrical Inspector and Tester wanted experience, professional qualifications and age, should be for mercury arc rectifiers and air-cooled transformers. sent not later than 30th November, 1946, to the South London district State experience and salary Assistant Staff Officer (quoting the relative ER/E required—Box 3354. c /o The Electrical Review. reference). London Passenger Transport Board. 55 TT'XPERIENCED Practical Photographic Processor or Broadway. S.W .l. 3488 ill Photo-printer required female age 25-35. Experience ■V/TANAGER or Manageress of good appearance and in Barcro Photostat and Blue printing processes an advan­ personality required for high-class electrical and radio tage Opportunity to take charge of section Permanent retail and art goods business, 30 miles from London. Must «stating age. experience and salary required, be thoroughly capable and able to take full control. Write position. \Vr , h Insulated Callender's Cables Ltd.. with particulars, stating age, experience and salary re­ Erith Woriis. Belvedere. K ent (Kef. SR /11). 3478 quired.—Box 115, c/o The Electrical Review. 6 6 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1 9 4 6

ACHINE Shop Foreman required. East London area, EALER-in required for electric lamp factory. Good M for manufacturers of light electrical equipment. S prospects for right man. Applications, giving full Applicants must be fully experienced and able to take details of age. experience and salary expected, to lne complete charge. Write, giving age. experience and salary Manager. British Luma Co-operative Electric Lamp Society required.—Box 3457. c/o The Electrical Review. Ltd.. Shieldhall. Glasgow. 33 ATERIAL Controller required for employment in QECOND Assistant Radio Engineer required by the M radio factory in Yorkshire area. Preference given ^ Government of Iraq for the Basrah Port Directorate to applicants with experience of radio and electrical for a tour of one year in the first instance. Salary. Iraq industries. Interviews will be held in London area. Dinars 40 a month, plus a high cost of living allowance Write, giving full particulars, experience, age. salary of between Iraq Dinars H i and Iraq Dinars 14i a month according to number of dependants (Iraq Dinar 1 = £1). required, etc.. to —Box 3516. c/o The Electrical Review. Provident fund. Free passages. Candidates must be "\TINISTRY of Education: H.M. Inspectors. Applica- Associate Members of the British Institute of Radio tions are invited from men and women for posts as Engineers or hold the City and Guilds of London Insti­ H.M. Inspector under the Ministry of Education. Can­ tute’s Diploma in Radio Communications (Part HI) and didates. who should be under 50 on the 31st March. 1947, the Postmaster-General’s First-Class Certificate in Radio should possess appropriate professional qualifications and/ Communication. They must have had at least five years’ or degrees, together with teaching experience in technical experience of radio engineering work, including not less colleges or universities, and industrial experience in one t han two years on radio transmitters. Apply at once by of the following: Textiles, electrical engineering, aero­ letter, stating age. whether married or single, and full nautical engineering, industrial chemistry (artificial fibres, particulars of qualifications and experience, and mention­ food technology), building. Those candidates who appear ing this paper, to the Crown Agents for the Colonies, most suitable from their application forms will be invited 4. Millbank. London. S.W.l. quoting M /N /14691. on to appear before a Selection Board in London. The posts, both letter and envelope. 3433 which are permanent and pensionable, carry a salary scale OHOWROOM Assistant required, previous experience of £750 x £30—£1.050 x £50— £1.200 (man) and £600 x ^ essential. Apply in writing, stating experience, age £25 — £750 x £30 — £1.025 (woman), together with a con­ and salary required, to—Giles (Electrical Engineers) Ltd., solidated addition varying from £90 to. £120 for men and 9/11. Victoria Colonnade. Southampton Row. W.C.l. £72 to £96 for women. Inspectors working in the London 3223 area receive an additional £50 at each point of the scale. OKILLED Armature WTinder required for India. £45 In special cases, successful candidates may be appointed ^ per month plus ten per cent, of Bombay concern’s at a commencing salary above the minimum. Further profit. Fare paid out and home after four-year period. particulars, together with the application form, may be Must be single man with full winding tradesman obtained on application in writing to—The Secretary apprenticeship.—Box 3191. c/o The Electrical Review. (Inspectors’ Section). Ministry of Education. Belgrave STOREKEEPER Assistant required with knowledge of Square. London. S.W.l. 3439 ^ electrical contractors’ stores. Apply in writing, giving /S f FICE Assistant (Female) wanted for switch- previous experience, age and salary required, to—Giles " board/filing. Write, stating age. experience and (Electrical Engineers) Ltd.. 9/11. Victoria Colonnade. salary required.—Man. Director. Z Electric Co.. 21. Southam pton Row. W .C .l. 3224 Newman Street. W .l. 3514 STOREKEEPER for manufacturers of lighting fittings. RODUCTION Manager required by engineering firm ^ East London area. Experienced all electrical P engaged in the manufacture of A.C. and D.C. motors accessories and keep records.—Box 3522. c/o The Elec­ and switchgear. Applications will be considered from trical Review. engineers with good academic qualifications together with SUPERVISOR required for pressure diecasting dept, of executive works experience. The position demands ^ a large light electrical engineering firm in the West capability of controlling functions such as production London area. Sound engineering background and training planning, manufacturing methods, time study and tool essential. Should have had seme previous supervisory design. Excellent prospects with an expanding company experience. Age not over 35. Salary from £500. Please for a person with initiative and drive.—Box 3313. c/o apply, giving details of age. experience, qualifications and The Electrical Review. salary required, to—Box 3485. c/o The Electrical Review. ADIO Engineer. Large radio firm in London area WITCHBOARD Attendant required for Class F station, R requires a deputy to the head of its radio laboratory. S should possess technical knowledge and have had The engineer concerned should have both theoretical and experience in the operation of E.H.T. and L.T. switch­ practical experience, preferably of radio equipment for boards. Present rate of pay 2s. 7id. per hour. Applica­ the Services. Write, stating age. experience and salary tions to the Chief Engineer. Slough Estates Ltd.. Trading required, to—Box 3517, c/o The Electrical Review. E state. Slough. 3309 EPRESENTATIVES required by Internal Telephone HE Civil Service Commissioners announce that a R Company (rental) for London. Cardiff. Newcastle. special competition will be held for appointments as Glasgow. Norfolk and Suffolk, Kent. Thorough training T given. Applicants must have had previous experience Assistant Engineer (New Style). Male, in the Post Office speciality selling and must not be older than 45. Very Engineering Department, and Assistant Traffic Super­ good income for right men.—Box 3297, c/o The Electrical intendent in the Telephone Department of the General Review. Post Office. Approximately 100 vacancies in each grade will be filled by examinations spread over a period of T>EQUIRED. an experienced Attendant for static sub- two or three years. Candidates must have been bora on station. Wages and conditions in accordance with or after the 2nd August. 1915. and have attained the age D.J.I.C. Scale. No. 10 Area. Present inclusive wage of 18 by the 1st January of the year in which they com­ £6 7s. 2d. per 48-hour week. The position is subject to pete. Allowance will be made for service in H.M. Forces the provisions of the Local Government Superannuation prior co 3rd September. 1939. Men only are eligible^ to Act, 1937, and the person selected will be required to pass compete for appointment as Assistant Engineer (New a medical examination. Applications to be made immedi­ Style). The salary scales are as follows:—Assistant Engi­ ately in writing, giving age. particulars of experience and neer (New Style): London. £280 rising by annual incre­ copies of testimonials, to—Chief Engineer and Manager. ments of £20 to £580: Provinces. £265 x £20 to £560 Electricity House. Durnsford Road. Wimbledon. S.W.19. (including consolidation addition). Assistant Traffic Super­ 3498 intendent : Men. London. £190 rising by annual increments ALES Engineer required by large electrical organisation of £18 to £465: Provinces. £180 x £18 to £435: Women. S for developing sales of specialised mercup' switches. London. £190 x £12 to £375; Provinces. £180 X £12 to Qualifications include regular electrical training, experi­ £345 (including consolidation addition). There will be ence in sale or manufacture of mercury switches, and prospects of promotion to higher grades. Candidates now knowledge of modem methods of sales promotion. Salary j serving in H.M. Forces must send in their application £500-£600 p.a.—Box 3449. c/o The Electrical Review. forms in time to reach the Civil Service Commission not CJALES Manager. Electrical condenser manufacturers in later than six months after the completion of their service. ^ South London area require Sales Engineer with good All ^other candidates must send them in by 1st April. technical knowledge and sales experience. Our staff are 1947. except that for candidates who are under 18 years aware of vacancy. Write, giving details of career and old on the 1st April. 1947. the latest date for sending in salary required, to—Box D.6705, A.K. Advg.. 212a. the forms is the 1st January following their 18th birth­ Shaftesbury Avenue. W.C.2. 3493 day. Copies of the regulations and forms of application O ALES Representatives required by London electrical may be obtained from the Secretary. Civil Service Com­ ^ wholesalers for Surrey. Sussex and Hampshire and mission. Burlington Gardens. London. W.l. or from the Southern London territories where well-devetoped connec­ Chief Officer. Civil Service Commission, at the following tions already exist. Experience and possession of a car addresses, quoting No. 1679: (India) 10 Underhill Lane. are essential. Remuneration or salary, commission and Delhi; (Egypt) 8 Sharia Tolumfcat. Garden City. Cairo; expenses basis. Write, giving full particulars, to Box (Italy) c/o G.H.Q.. C.M.F.; (Germany) c/o 2nd Echelon 3512. c/o The Electrical Review. G.H.Q.. B.A.O.R. 3465 November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 6 7

attendant required for shift duties in DUCATION and Training. Young man. 24. college E trained. 4i years’ Assistant Apprentice Supervisor PriH■ mn^VhnvL 01} operating in parallel with C.E.B. at a Midland engineering works (400 apprentices, all QF S n , expi‘r,ellce in operation of E.H.T. switch- grades), requires similar post to extend experience, pre­ S S if'o » m t -d ™\lnmg of alternators. Salary Class 0 . tmnnm "mr kohedule. London Area. at present £360 ferably in South. Willing to initiate scheme if necessary. per annum, i \w position is subject to the Local Govern­ —Box 9856. c/o The Electrical Review. ment Superannuation Act, and selected applicant will be LECTRICAL and Mechanical Engineer, B.Sc.Œng.), required to pass a medical examination. Applications, E Graduate of Institutions of Electrical and Mechanical stating age. experience and technical training, with copies Engineers, etc.. young and energetic, having practical and of testimonials. to be addressed to—Chief Engineer and sales experience, wishes to represent well-established Manager. Electricity House. Durnsford Road. Wimbledon. engineering firm in Midland area.—Box 9887. c/o The S.W.19. 3502 Electrical Review. WITOHGEAR Draughtsmen required. Knowledge of LECTRICAL and Mechanical Engineer. 26 years power S layouts and wiring diagrams. London area. Experi­ E station, 6 years' war service, w arrant officer artificer, ence. details, etc.. to—Box 3489. c/o The Electrical at present electrical maintenance factory, requires change. Review. —Box 9874, c/o The Electrical Review. ECHNICAL Sales Engineer required by London com­ LECTRICAL Engineer. A.M.I.E.E.. age 31. 8 years’ T pany to develop the sale of high-grade insulating E experience in light electro-mechanical engineering, material in this country. Applicants should have wide including design, development, production problems, etc. ; practical and selling experience and preferably possess a also acted for two years as technical representative. knowledge of French. Send full details training, quali­ Previous experience in heavy engineering. Seeks position, fications and experience and remuneration required to— for preference, in an administrative or executive capacity. Box 3360. c/o The Electrical Review. —Box 9847. c/o The Electrical Review. RANSFORMER Design Engineer required, experienced LECTRICAL Engineer. Grad. I.E.E.. works appren­ T in all types up to 500 kVA. Promising and highly E ticeship with large electrical concern. 3 years’ design paid position. Write, stating age and experience, to— and estimating experience, seeks experience in operation, Brentford Transformers L td.. Windmill Road. Brentford. installation, layout of electrical equipment in large plant. Middlesex. j 35*20 Birmingham district.—Box 9893. c/o The Electrical 1 TTIDE Strip Mill. Electrical Engineer required for Review. Vf specification layout and installation of power distri­ LECTRICAL Engineer (25) D.F.IT.(Hon9.), Grad bution, substations, lighting, also electrics in plant, in­ E I.E.E. seeks permanent progressive position South cluding tandem mills and electric furnaces. Permanent of England or Continent. Four years as electrical officer position for suitable m an.—Northern Aluminium Co. Ltd.. R.N.V.R. following thorough practical training. At General Engineering Department. Banbury. 3452 present engaged on switchgear development.—Box 9833, YlfORKS Manager required for electrical manufacturers c/o The EWtrical Review. - Vt with works in Brazil. Must be experienced produc­ LECTRICAL Fitter, maintenance repair, desires per­ tion man, high grade executive ability, modern ideas, E manent post, good references. East London or South knowledge of Portuguese an advantage. Only energetic Essex areas.—Box 9898, c/o The Electrical Review. men of high calibre should apply with fullest particulars. LEC. Foreman, 20 yrs.’ exp.. large installations and —Box 3338. c /o The Electrical Review. E maintenance, requires progressive position, London -ray Technician required for India. Must be able to area, own car.—Box 9827. c/o The Electrical Review. X construct, repair and service X-ray equipment of all LECTRICAL Installation Engineer, over twenty years’ types. Apply in first instance to—Box 3269. c/o The E executive experience in all aspects of contracting, Electrical Review. capable of taking complete charge of contracting business APPOINTMENTS FILLED or department.—Box 9877, c/o The Electrical Review. Dissatisfaction having been so often expressed th a t un­ LECTRICAL Supervisor, fully qualified, desires pro­ successful applicants are left in ignorance of the fact that E gressive position. London, South Essex areas pre­ the position applied for has been filled, may we suggest ferred. Full details from—Box 9905. c/o The Electrical that Advertisers notify us to that effect when they have Review. arrived at a decision? We will then insert a notice free LECTRICIAN Chargehand, general installation and of charge under this heading. E maintenance, factory work. etc.. just back from over­ OX 2457—Asst. Electrical Engineer; Preece, Cardew seas tour, desires further post at home or overseas, good B & Rider—Engineering Assistant; Stalybridge, Hyde. worker, keen and ambitious. Further particulars.—Box Mossley & Dukinfteld Transport & Electricity Board— 9873. c/o The Electrical Review. Asst. Station Supt. All applicants are thanked. LECTRICIAN wants job. 30 years’ experience all systems, anywhere, charge or otherwise.—B.. 13. SITUATIONS WANTLD E1 production executive (34). desires responsible position South Vale. S.E.19. 9872 A in instrument or radio factory. Good technical and N GINEER, age 38. with 16 years’ experience in ad­ production experience, 14 years in industry.—Box 9816, E ministrative posts, desires situation as Works Manager. c/o The Electrical Review. Wide experience in all classes of engineering, planning and A BLE Electrical Engineer desires change. Experienced rate fixing. Soec.ial study made of mass production methods planning and installation plant and wiring, test and jigs and tools. General electrical knowledge. London area overhaul electrical equipment. Sound technical education, preferred.—Box 9910. c/o The Electrical Review. some sales experience. Good references.—Box 9892. c/o NGINEER. A.M.I.E.E., Representative with 12 years' The Electrical Review. E contacts in Birmingham and Midland Counties, .M.I.E.E. (32), seeks responsible position in or near desires change; details.—Box 9865, c/o The Electrical A London with a growing firm. Flair for compiling Review. advertising literature, technical letters, and replying OREMAN Armature Winder. 29 years’ varied ex­ speedily to customers’ correspondence.—Box 9864, c/o F perience, new or repair, rotary or static, industrial The Electrical Review. power application, conversions, some drawing, requires N Electrical Installation Engineer and Draughtsman good p-sition.—Box 9830. c/o The Electrical Review. A wishes to open negotiations for a permanent execu­ ONDON General Mains Foreman, age 40. desires tive appointment in London, Herts, or Beds. Preferably L change to post where initiative and organisation in surveyor's dept, of organisation controlling hotels, would be recognised. Good practical and technical train­ multiple stores, etc.. or with insurance co.. manufacturers ing Experienced in super-tension. H.T., L.T., A.C. and or contractors.’ Sound technical and practical background. D C. networks and substations, change-over and over­ 25 years’ experience in all branches of contracting and heads. Fault location. Used to handling large cable maintenance Well versed in building and allied trades, gangs, jointers and departmental transport. Present and in general engineering. Minimum salary £800 p.a.— salary £390 p.a.—Box 9878, c/o The Electrical Review. Box 9871. c /o The Electrical Review. ONDON Sales Engineer wishes to represent manufac­ UYER M P O.A.. 20 years experience, Birmingham. L turers London and the south, full time: 20 years' B Tnndnn electrical engineering, desires change. experience selling A.C. and D.C. machines, control scar, ResidentBLrmingham. Box 9810, c/o The Electrical rectifiers; car and telephone; A.M.I.E.E.. public school and university training; excellent references.—Box 9904. nH IEF Draughtsman or Designer desires change. Many c/o The Electrical Review. V vears' varied mechanical and electrical experience, years va ment. tool design and planning. S.W. UALIFIED Instrument Engineer seeks progressive n.c¥ ‘ng 9796. c/o The Electrical Review. Q post. Production, development or sales.—Box 9806. nHTEF Draughtsman with many years’ experience on c/o The Electrical Review. fjH IE F D r a g , production design of domestic ESEARCH Laboratory Mechanic, sound practical experim ental a ipmentf measuring instruments, R knowledge and able to make electronic devices from appliances, taaio seeks position in London.—Box theoretical circuit diagrams, desires change of position, f t r/oTheElectrica! Review. London area.—Box 9859, c/o The Electrical Review. 6 8 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

ADIO and Electrical Engineer (32), Higher National . & W. Water Tube Boilers for disposal. Two 50.000 R Certificate both radio and electrical engineering; 6 B lbs. evaporation, 310 lbs. w.p.; two 50.000 lbs. years apprentice in electrical installation and maintenance; evaporation, 220 lbs. w.p.; four 30.000 lbs. evaporation, 2 years small electric motor manufacture and repair; 1 260 lbs. w.p.; one 20.000 lbs. evaporation, 175 lbs. w.p.; year corporation electricity dept, as technical adviser in one 12.000 lbs. evaporation, 200 lbs. w .p .; two 16,000 lbs. generating station; 8 years with old-established firm as evaporation. 190 lbs. w.p.; one 9/10.000 lbs. evaporation, manager of dept, manufacturing radio and electrical equip­ 200 lbs. w.p. We install complete including brickwork. ment for H.M. ships. Holder of P.O. transmitting licence. Economisers. Pumps, Piping. Valves, Generating Sets and Keen radio experimenter.—Box 9851, c/o The Electrical Motors in stock. Please send us your enquiries: we can Review. give immediate delivery.—Burford, Taylor & Co. Ltd., "Y\^ORKS Executive, A.M.1.1.A. (42). seeks responsible Boiler Specialists. Middlesbrough. Telephone, Middles­ ** position. Experience of works management, brough 2622. 32 organising, production planning and control, supervising, ATTERY Chargers for home and export, 4 models. time study and personnel administration as applied to all B 2-6-12 v.. 1 , 2 or 4 amp. D.C., any mains voltage. types of precision electrical measuring instruments and Generous trade terms. Write for catalogue.—The Banner radio. Good disciplinarian and used to handling labour Electric Co. Ltd.. Hoddesdon, Herts. Tel.: Hoddesdon to obtain co-operation for best results.—Box 9854, c/o 2659. 97 The Electrical Review. EE ANT EE Festoon Striplight Holders, made of X20 TX70RKS Executive, qualified mechanical engineer, B Bakelite, for use with 7/.029 T.T.R. cable, require ▼▼ comprehensive administrative experience covering no tools or screws for wiring. Immediate delivery of any the application of time and motion study, production quantity. Passed by the tire authorities. Used by cor­ control, scheduling, standard costing, process planning to porations and supply companies all over the world. Large electro-mechanical engineering work. Good organiser with quantities of British made Electric Lamps and Cable successful record in handling labour and getting results. always in stock.—The Beeantee Illuminations (London) —Roy 9822. c/o The Electrical Review. Ltd., Temporary Address, 6, Upper Street. Islington. ORKS Manager. M.I.Ec.E., M.I.P.E., 25 years’ London. N.l (Phone, Canonbury 4555) 71 W experience production and administration, experience ELLS, Tangent and G.E.C., 12 volt to 220 volt; also radio, television (and components), domestic appliances, B Buzzers, Gongs, Fire Alarms. Domes. Pushes, etc. seeks similar position, London area. Energetic and efficient All new surplus stocks ex Admiralty. Bargain prices. organiser, good administrator. Excellent references.— Lists.—Electrical Agencies (Belfast) Ltd., College Street, Box 9911, c/o The Electrical Review. Belfast. 9884 OUNG Electronic Engineer. B'.Sc.(Eng.), Grad.I.E.E., URDETTE & Co. L td. stock Reconditioned A.C. and Y 3 years in research establishment, requires post near B D.C. Motors and Starters equal to new. Day and night London.—Box 9879, c/o The Electrical Review. sprvice.—Stonhnuse St.. Gapham. S.W.4. Mac. 4555. 17 /CHOKES, suitable for 80-w. fluorescent tubes. 220/230 FO R S a l b v.. 50 c. Reputable manufacture, immediate Traders buying and selling hereunder must observe the delivery.—Hardman & Co. Ltd., The Baum. Rochdale. Restriction o1 Resale Order, S. R. & O. 1942 No. 958. Lancs. Tele. No. 4151. 3307 LEFA ” Hall Lanterns. Pendant Fittings and Wall Cooksley & Co. Ltd. offer large selection of used C Brackets; also Shade Makers. Gymbals, etc. Actual A • Electric Motors. A.C. and D.C. Write—21/25, manufacturers.—Central London Engineering (Fabrications) Tabernacle Street. London. E.C.2 (Monarch 3357/58). 46 L td.. 120. Old Street. E .C .l (CLE. 2586). 108 quantity of Electric Ceiling Heater Units, 10 kW .C. Motors, new, 200/230 volts, 1.400 r.p.m.; 8 to 31 £ A loading, 400 volt working.—Maintenance Manager, D h.p.. also 110 volts. D.C.. 21 h.p., several available Pawsons & Leafs Ltd., 9, St. Paul’s Churchyard, London, with starters.—Stewart Thomson & Sons (L’pool) Ltd., E.C.4 (City 4455). 3468 Fort Road. Seaforth, Liverpool, 21 (Telephone Number. quantity of 4 ft. Met.-Vick. Fluorescent Twin Tube Bootle 2697) or 28. Victoria Street, Westminster, London, A Troughs, complete with all gear and tubes. Immediate S.W.l (Telephone Number. Abbey 2101). 96 delivery.—John Phillips & Co. Electrics, 31, Fortune Green PLECTRIC Lamps, Flashlights, Flashlight Bulbs, Port- Road. W. H am pstead, N.W .6 (Ham pstead 8132). 3459 able Fires, Accessories. Prompt delivery.—Suplex BOUT 25,000 yards unused 1036 paper-insulated, Lamps Ltd.. 50, Gray’s Inn Road, London, W.C.l. A 4-core, lead-covered (Henleys) Cable, in 50-yard Holborn 0225. 116 coils. To be disposed of in one lot a t 33s. 4d. per hundred LECTRIC Motors, 1/3 h.p., 3,000 r.p.m., D.C. 110 yards, plus carriage.—J. & F. Stone Ltd., 53/65, Worship E volts. Also 220 volts. Stock delivery, £6 each.— Street, London. F.C.2. 3492 John Steel. Clyde Mills. Bingley, Yorks. 84 .C. and D.C. House Service Meters, all sizes, quarterly T^LECTRIC Motors and Dynamos. We hold one of the A and prepayment, reconditioned, guaranteed one year. largest stocks of new and secondhand motors. Second­ Repairs and recalibrations.—The Victa Electrical Co.. 47, hand machines are thoroughly overhauled. Inspection and Battersea High Street. S.W.11. Tel. Battersea 0780. 19 tests can be made at our works. For sale or hire. Send .C. and D.C. Motors, all sizes, large stocks, fully your enquiries to— Britannia Manufacturing Co. Ltd., A guaranteed. — Milo Engineering Works, Milo Road. 22-26, Britannia Walk, City Road, London, N .l (Phone, East Dulwich, S.E.22 (Forest Hill 2278-9). 102 5512-3 Clerkenwell). 13 .C./D.C. 5-valve Superheterodyne Sensitive 3-wave T^LECTRIC Motors. A.C. and D.C. We supply all types A Band Receiver. Excellent tone. Attractive modern i and sizes of electrical machinery. Slow speed reduc­ cabinets in " Plastele ” or polished wood, £16 16s. Usual tion gears can be supplied to customers’ requirements with trade terms and facilities. Early delivery. Trade only.— short deliveries. Send your enquiries to—Be-Be Engineering, Morgan. Osborne & Co. Ltd., Southview Road, Warling- 3. Retreat Close, Kenton. Middx. (Wordsworth 4928). 42 ham, Surrey. 110 LECTRIC Welding Plant, Engine and Electric, A.C. .C. Motors, 1 /75th h.p. to 5 h.p., all voltages. Also E driven. 300 amps, output, complete with weather- A D.C.—1The Johnson Engineering Co., 319, Kennington nrnnf covers.—Rox 34 c/o The Electrical Revipw. Road. London. S.E.ll. Telephones. Reliance 1412/3 57 PXCEPTIONAL Offer: 19/064, 660-volt T.R.S. Pure LTERNATING Petrol /Paraffin Sets. 400/3/50. direct { Rubber Cable, made specially for Admiralty by A coupled on bed. First-class order. 25 kVA. 35 Armorduct Cable Co.; 15,000 yards available in original kVA, 50 kVA. 70 kVA. Fully tested, for quick delivery. 250-yard •'coils, offered a t £85 per 1.000 yards, or what —Electroplant Co.. Wembley. Middx. 3529 offers?—Electrical Agencies (Belfast) Ltd.. College Street. lternator. 200 kVA. 250 r.p.m ., 400/ 3 / 50. for Belfast. 9883 A coupling.—The Electroplant Co., Wembley. 3528 "C^LRE Elements. Good quality, pencil type. Wound TTRACTIVE weekly offers from The Electroplant Co.. nichrome wire. 9i", 1 kW. 48/- dozen; 500 lots. A Wembley, Middx. A number of complete Dynamos or 3/7 each; 1,000 lots. 3/6 each; 5.000 lots. 3/3 each. Sets, 150 amps.-600 amps., 6/10 v. A number of Alter­ 8". 750 w.. 42/- dozen; 500 lots. 3/1 each: 1.000 lots. nators from Ü-3 kVA. 230/1/50. almost new. Many M.G. 3 /-: 5.000 lots, 2 /9 . Quotations for other sizes. Sets of various descriptions. Ask for further details. 3530 Immediate delivery all sizes. Carriage paid 500 and over, UDAX Ltd. now have available an extensive range of otherwise 4/2 per 100 extra. Samples 5/- each—Box A new season’s designs of high-class Lamp Shades in 9812. c/o The Electrical Review. Plastics and Parchment, together with a range of Table pLU O R ESCENT Chokes, 80 watt. Low noise level, for Lamps. Prompt delivery available to all parts of the satisfied users; long life, for low replacement costs: country. Enquiries particularly invited from wholesalers characteristics matched with lamp, for rated lamp life and and electrical factors.—84, Preston Road, Brighton (Tel. light output. Prompt deliveries.—Micramatic Ltd , Meico Preston 5565). 0583 Works. Congleton. Cheshire. 73 .T.A. A comprehensive service is now available for ■pLUORESCENT Lighting Cheap. 5 ft. Fluorescent B all classes of tools and equipment for the accumu­ ~T~ Lighting, trough type, complete with gear, no tubes lator trade. — B.T.A.. 246. Cavendish Road. London, dozen lots, £5 10s. each, C.O.D.—Box 9896 c/o The S.W.12. Tel.: Balham 6691/2. 10 Electrical Review. November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 69

F S f e :Prepayment Switches suitable for con- T ADDERS, single and extension, from—Ramsay & Sons DredeterminpJ J*ric *)res* etc., loading up to 3 kW. Any -L i (Forfar) L td.. Forfar. 9004 Finished ! for ld- “ • or Is. can be supplied, ESLIE Dixon & Co. for Dynamos. Motors, Switchgear. full particulai.f i i,p,aytex. Prompt delivery. Write for L Chargers and Telephones.—214, Queenstown Road, Wyngate Road rvT"^“5 Wyn£ate Engineering Co.. 28. Battersea. S.W.8. Telephone, MACaulay 2159. Nearest ™ nnpir2n.,'xS,leadle Hulme. Cheshire. 9881 Kly. Sta. : Queen’s Road. Battersea (S.R.). 18 ~]\/TAY we send our Engineers’ Stethoscope on approval F Units *?in?o,rmtings from stock: Hicraft Balla3t tin . volt or 230 volt’ and industrial (wide) 1VA (without obligation)? Particulars on request.—-Capac SSfn re c,Prs in stoved and enamelled white and Ltd., 2. Ullswater Road, London. S.W.13. 78 green finish, £o 10s. each in lots of six. Also Ballast .E.M. Starters and Reversers, new. List Nos. 5DS, 2!iv,fi7p r w S e ceiling striP fitting. £4 15s—R . L. M 55DS, 24AR and 14AR, 10% below nett price. Mclntire. Campden. Glos. 9897 Quantities of 5, 10 and 15-amp. New Porcelain Oblong FLUORESCENT Lighting. Constead Units for sale. Cutouts. 10 and 15-amp. S.P. New Brass Switches and ■*- Dispenses with all starter gear and gives instantaneous Porcelain Wireless Insulators. Offers to clear. 240/250- lighting, prevents maintenance worries, each unit guaran­ volt Motor and Starter, with pulley, 12 h.p., slip-ring, teed. Apply—IScemco L td.. 6 /7 , Soho Street. London. W.l single-pnase. £55.—Monks of Wimbledon, 139, The Broad­ (Tel. GER. 2034). 117 way. S.W.19. 3437 F L U O R E SC E N T Lighting. 18"-15w..- 24"-25w. and lV/rETERS, 200/250 v., 50 cycle, 2-wire, prepayment 36"-45w. fittings complete with tubes. Colours: F*-l- pattern, comprising 150 10-amp. and 20 5-amp., White, warm white, daylight and pink. Delivery 7 days. Electrical Apparatus Co., type ECP, with shilling coin We are pleased to state that we are now in a position to mechanism and 9d. price compounds. These compounds allow increased discounts outside the London area.— may be easily changed. Due to tariff changes the meters Scemco Ltd.. 6/7, Soho Street. London, W.l. Tel. GER. have recently been removed from circuit and are no longer 2034. 120 required. Price as removed, £2 each, or if certified. £3 FLUORESCENT Lighting. Self-contained Ballast Units each.—J. S. Pickles. B.Sc., M.I.E.E., County Electrical by Hi-Craft. Complete with Glow Starter Switch Engineer. Marchmount, Dumfries. 3481 and Power Factor Condenser for 80-watt tubes. Supplied IVTONOMARK. Permanent London address. Letters re- from stock.—Scemco Ltd.. 6/7, Soho Street. London. W .l. F*J- directed. 5s. p.a. Write—BM/M0N053. W.C.l. 68 Tel. GER. 2034. 121 1\/T OTOR Generator Sets and Convertors, all sizes and FLUORESCENT Lighting Fittings. Extensive range. F*J- voltages from £ kW up to 500 kW in stock.- - -L including Trough and Flush type, fitted with " All in Britannia Manufacturing Co. Ltd., 22/26, Britannia Walk. One ” “ Constead Unit." Delivery 7 days, with tubes. City Road, London, N .I. Telephone, Clerkenwell 5512. Write—Scemco Ltd.. 6/7, Soho Street. London. W.l. 5513 & 5514. 28 Phone. GER. 2034. 100 TVfOTORS and Starters, 1 h.p„ 2,8,880 r.p.m .; 1£ h.p. r_j_ENWIND’S. manufacturers of electric vacuum 2,910 r.p.m .; 2 h.p., 710 r.p.i.p.m .; 4 h.p., 1.425 '-A cleaners, have the following Wires in stock, in perfect r.p.m.; 6 h.p., 1,425 r.p.m.— J.W., C.S. Ltd.. Staffa condition, for disposal at to-day’s current prices. Prefer­ Works, Staffa Road. E.10. 3441 ence will be given to purchasers taking the whole, or whole individual items. 263 lbs. enaml., 17g.; 49 lbs. AMEPLATES, Engraving, Diesinking. Stencils, Steel enaml., 19g.; 473 lbs. 26g., enam l.; 173 lbs. 32g., ss. and N Punches.—Stilwell & Sons L td., 152, Far Gosford enaml.; 118 lbs. 36g.. ss. and enam l.; 29 lbs. 38g., ss. Street. Coventry. 14 and enaml.; 49 lbs. 40g.f ss. and enaml. Write—Gen- EW Porthole Fans, 12" and 18" sizes. Motorised wind's. Bentley H eath, Knowle, Birmingham. 3434 N either 400/3/50 or 230/1/50. Ex-stock.—A. EORGE Cohen, Sons & Co. Ltd. for guaranteed Elec­ Cooksley & Co. Ltd.. 21/25, Tabernacle Street. E.C.2. G trical Plant. Motors. Generators. Switchgear, etc.— Pnont Nos. Monarch 3357/8. 3416 Wood Lane. London. W.12 (Telephone. Shepherds Bush "VTISSEN Type Huts. 24' X 16'. £52; 36' X 16'. £72. 2070) and Stanningley, near Leeds (Telephone. Pudsey Plasterboard Huts. 31' x 19', £80. Secondhand. 2241). Established 1834. 27 Many other sizes; also other types of buildings now in nLA SS Shades, cylindrical, for outside fittings. 2.000 stock, some with floors. Immediate dispatch arranged to clear, half price.—Electrical Agencies (Belfast) and no licences required. Inspection welcomed, or write Ltd.. College Street. Belfast. 9885 for full list from—J. Thorn & Sons Ltd., Box 80. Bramp­ NSTALLATION Tester. 500 v. Record Minor, £11 ton Road. Bexleyheath, Kent. Phone. Bexleyheath 305. 47 I From stock.—Robins Electrics, 222 & 222b, West End UTS. 700 gross surplus for disposal. 3/16" Whit. Lane. N.W .6. 83 N Simmonds No. 2B A /T/M S. self-locking. Offers to— TNSULATING Sleeving (PVC and Rayon) to clear at H. Frost & Co. Ltd., Fieldgate. Walsall. Tel. Walsall ■F 10s. 6d. gross yards for 50 gross lots. Asstd. shades 2218. 3518 and sizes 0.5 to 3.0 m/ms. Enquiries also invited large NE 75-h.p. G.E.C. Slip-ring Motor, 440 v., 3-phase, variety PVC covered wire.—Lowther, 8. Paton Street. O 50 cycles, plain bearing, ring oiled, brush lifting Manchester. 1. 9901 gear.—Expanded Rubber Co. Ltd.. 675, Mitcham Road, TUNCTION Electric Irons, superior design and quality. Croydon. Surrey. 3430 supplied with suitable stand. Also Junction Nickel- SMOR Radio Heart equals complete flrst-class 5-valve plated Torch Cases. Supplied for home trade and export. O Superhet, positively only small condensers and resist­ Distributors—Brooks & Bohm Ltd., 90, Victoria Street, ances to find. Super-efficient components. Building in­ London. S.W .l. Tel. Vic. 9550. 49 structions. £5 16s. Cabinets. Trade invited.—Morgan Osborne Ltd., Southview Rd., Upper Warlingham 2560, OHLER Automatic Sets. 5 kW. 10 kW. 220 v. D.C.; Surrey 101 K 5-h.p. Petter Diesel Set, 200/220 v. A.C.; Pelapone Set. 100/140 v.. 11 a. and panel; Dynamo, 7.8 kW. 250 HONE 98 Staines. 90-kW Ruston Diesel Set, 110 vo. v., comp. 550 r.p .m .; Dynamo, 100/140 v., 10 kW, 850 P D.C.; 25-kW Mirrlees ditto. 110 vo.; 7/9-kW Ruston r.p.m. S h/C om p.; Dynamo, 75 v., 60 a.. 1,500 r.p.m .; ditto. 110 vo.; 5-kVA Ruston ditto. 400/1/50; Weir Feed Pelapone Diesel Set. 5 kW, 100/140 v . ; 5-h.p. Petter Pump, 8£" x 6" x 13".—Harry H. Gardam & Co. Ltd.. Diesel Engine; 5-h.p. and 3£-h.p. oil Engines; Panels, etc. Staines. 60 E. Binns. 156a. Falsgrave Rd.. Scarborough. 9899 LATING Generators, unused, several ranging from 350 Goodman (Radio) Ltd.. 9, Percy Street, Tottenham P to 700 amps., 6 to 12 volt, plain or with A.C. or L• Court Road. W.l. are sole London agents for the D.C. motor drive. Particulars from—Stewart Thomson " Midco " Elongated Fluorescent Choke and Fluorescent (Liverpool) Ltd.. Fort Road. Seaforth. Liverpool. 21 Starter Switches. Museum 0216. 76 (B'ootle 2697); or 28, Victoria Street, London. S.W.l T ARGE number of Plating and Anodising Generators, (Abbey 2101). 63 ^ up to 1,200 amps, forT the most part unused. Send .V.C. Flex and Bell Wire, coloured and transparent, reau:rements to—Fyfe. ^Vilson & Co. L td.. B ishops P single, twin, triple and four core. Large variety, Stortford. Tel. B.S. 1000/1. 3504 from 6s. 9d. per 100 yards. Send 6d. for samples and T ARGE range of toasters, fans, portable and wall lists. Also in stock. Fires. Irons. Extension Speakers. electric fires, radiators, convector heaters, floor Plugs. Sockets. Cable. Radio Accumulators and Car standard and table lamps, electric irons (heat controlled Batteries, etc.—Northern Industries. 199. Broughton Lane. and nthprO vacuum cleaners, hair dryers, novelty bowl Salford. 7. 3424 flrw hnilfntr rings, electric kettles, immersion heaters. EBUILT Motors and Generators. Long deliveries can (Radins very shortly available.) Large range of torch R often be avoided by purchasing rebuilt secondhand cycle lamps and all types of lighting and H.T. plant. We can redesign or replace surplus plant of any hfttp’riPQ ' rtc Detailed list and catalogues available. size. Send us your enquiries. Over 1,000 latings actually K pi Smir orders in good tune.—Brooks & Bohm Ltd., in stock here.—Dynamo & Motor Repairs Ltd.. Wembley Street. London. S.W.l. Phone, Victoria Park, Middlesex (Telephone, Wembley 3121, 4 lines); also 955o7u41 Inland Telegrams, " Beebats. Sowest. at Phoenix Works, Belgrave Terrace, Soho Road, Hands- London." ' 66 worth, Birmingham (Telephone, Northern 0898). 26 70 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w Sorember 15, 1946

T>EZFEACTORY Instil;:: lug Beads. Suitable for 10’s URPLUS Stores. New and used Ironclad Switch and gauge s.w.g. wire. Bali and socket type. Approxi- S Fuse Gear, up to 100 amp. capacity. Appointment if mately 15 cwc. in lb. packets. For small orders. 3s. 6d. to inspect in writing to—The Engineer. Metropolitan per lb. Special qaetatlons for larger quantities.—More- Police Electrical Stores Department. 1. Flint Stzea. cambe Electrical Equipment Go. Ltd., Westgate Works. Waiwcríh. S-E-17. 3205 . Clarke k Co. Ltd. have the feCowing for sa,e at tneir TI jiflE iflm - Fiis. 1 kW and 2 kW. reflectas! T TTamrri-ranith Stores: A.C. and D.C. Motors. -*-Y Radiant heaters 300 w.. Attracts 2-kW portable Dynamos. Starter. Pulleys. 60 500 watt Industr-al reflector ñres. Reeiek 1-kW reflector fires and a multitude Refie-ctcis. Cell Booster complete c r trolley, T .P. Switches. os others now m stock. Gocd deliveries. Generous trade ¿3-in. Screw Cutting Lathe. Bench Drills, etc. Please discounts- Write for list.—Brocks k Bohm Ltd.. 90. 'puone Riverside 2647 for appointment to view. 3436 Victoria Street. S.W .l. Prone. M e. 1441 9550. 3412 T W O D.C. Generating Sets, comprising 9-h.p. JLister OTARY Gcnrerras in stock, all sizes; enquiries Diesel engines. 1.000 r.p-m.. direct-coupled to i^-ELC. R invited. — Universal Electrical. 221. City Read. 5-kW. 220-v- D.C. generators, in excellent condition: London. F -C .l. 16 cue D.C. Generating Set. comprising Petter S type OTARY Converters. 200-kW. 6.600/3/50 input. 230 IS 21-h.p.. cartridge-starting od engine, direct-coopled to R volts. 2-wire D.C. output, complete with Trans­ Verity's 134-kW. 230-v. D.C. generator; brand new set of former and switcngear. seen running in LiverpooL 2.000- Tungstcne batteries. 57 ceSs. fer 230 v.. 75 amp. bcszr: kW . 6.60C 3 50 input. 41S 462 veils, three-wire D.C. one Lightens Set. comprising 3-h.p. L ia s Diesel engine, outpat. complete with transformers. starting panels. D.C. direci-eonplcd to Is-kW. 1 1 0 -v. D.C. generator; complete machine panels- First-class condition- Two sets avail­ set ci Priierett k Gold size 5 batteries. 52 cells: one able.—Stewart Thomson k Sons (Liverpool} Ltd.. Fort B.T.H. Si-kW. 510-v. D.C. Generator. 250 r.p-m.; cne Read. Sealenh. Liverpool. 21 (Bootle 2690; or 28, Vic­ Electrical Co. 4-kW. 230-v. D.C. Generator. 1.400 r.p jn .: toria Street. London. S.W.l (Abbey 2101). 72 :ne 5-h.p. r.b:> k Ward. 415/3, 50. drip-proof EHectxic ACKS and Bags in exeeOent condition for all com- M ;tr:. 1,465 r.pun.. with slide rails and Star Delta starter: S mcdhies. as lew ss 4d. each. Write—John Braydcn :ne 30-h.p.. 400-v.. single-phase B.T.H. Electric Motor. Ltd.. 230. Tottenham Court Road. W.l. TeL No. s75 i-p-m.. with capacitor starter and condenser; one Museum 6972. 79 5 -h.p.. B.T.H.. 5GG-V. D.C. Meter. 96G 1.100 r.pjn.: ECONDHAND D.C. Meters: 61 h.p.. 440 volts. 800 one li-h-p.. 230-v.. single-phase, geared Commutator S revs.. Lancs Dynamo: 19 h.p.. 460 500 volts. 1.1S0 Meter. 1.450 r.pjn.. ball bearings, dcable reduction gear revs.. City Electric; 19 h.p.. 460 500 volts. 1.160 revs.. to 341 and 132 r.pun.: me 1 10-h.p.. Emerson. 230-v. City Electric; 19 h.p.. 460 -500 volts. 1.160 revs.. C5ty D.C. Motor. 900 r.pun.. compound wound-—Sdvood. Electric: 18.2 h.p.. 500v.. 735 revs..Westinghcuse:ICh-p.. Wide Lane. Southampton. Phone. Southampton 75238. 460 volts. 9C

1 0 l £ i „S63* Space " Massey Pneumatic Hammer. NE 60-h.p. Slip-Ring Motor, 400 v., 3-ph., 50 cycles, ditto Gnid^‘ l™ °apacit5' M S- BaI 10"' M.D. 100/3/50: O 960 or 1.440 r.p.m.—J. S. Rams bottom & Co. Ltd.. ditto Guided type clear between slides 121". 400/3/50. I Keighley. Yorks. 3515 . ' .i V, Ltd.. Brettenham House. Lancaster ERSPEX. Catalin. and other Plastic Sheet Rod or Race. S ta n d M ,c.2. Tel. Temple B ar 9631. 3391 P tube off-cuts, all colours.—Box 9894. c/o The Elec- J 7 l i t Lnesel-dnven Alternator Set. consisting of ! trical Review. 4-cylinder Diesel Engine and direct-coupled T3EQUTRED: Mica Electric Iron Elements; Toaster 10 , J.0 r t’ 3-phase. 50-cycles. 400-volt Alternator, F t Elements: Spirals, nichrome wire; Cotton-covered cxxnpiete w ith switchboard and autom atic voltage regulator Flexes: Brass. Copper and Steel Sheets, min. size 9* x 6 '; (two sets available).—Newman Industries Limited. Yate. Alu. Strip, 3” x ¥ : Machinery, new and used: Timber: Bristol. 3415 Glazing; Rubber Grommets: Asbestos; Switches: Iron 45°/3 /50. Vertical Mounting Slip-ring Motor Connectors, etc., etc. Offers to—British Diamix Ltd., • ^ by Parkinson, 975 r.p.m.. complete with auto­ Metrum Works, Beatty Street, N.W.l. Euston 5951. 44 matic starter.—Selwood, Wide Lane, Southampton. SECONDHAND Kohler Set. 800 or 1.500 w.; A.C. Phone, Southampton 75238. 3422 | ^ Motors. 400/3/50. 2 to 25 h.p.; ditto 230/1/50. i 7 \ i-h.p. Totally-enclosed Continuously-rated Motors, I to 5 h.p. sizes; good 110-v. Battery, 150/350 ah.—Box * ^ complete with Gears. Low Speed Shaft 26 r.p.m. 9900. c/o The Electrical Review, Armature volts. 220 volts D.C.; field volts. 110 volts D.C. i rPHREE 2-h.p. and two 3-h.p.. 440-v., 3-phase Motors, Manufactured by Norman Electrical Company. New. 1.400 r.p.m. Must be 30 cycles. Price and parti­ We are in a position to supply these motors against culars to—Premier Electric Services Ltd.. Willow Street. official orders. Details to — Speedy & Eynon Limited, Leicester. 3527 Lion Works, W arstone Lane, Birmingham, 18. 3491 , W A N TED Converter for radiogram, 110 volts input to Q — fVkW Botary Converters (2), with transformers and * » 230 volts A.C. output. 120 watts E.D.C.C. pre- switchgear, input 6.600 volts. 3-phase, 50 cycles, f erred.—Cock bum. Homton Hall. Banbury. 9909 output 420/210 volts; also A.C. and D.C. Motors, Switch­ 1 YTTANTED. D.C. and A.C. ball-bearing Motors. Full gear, Generating Sets. Welders, etc.—Midland Counties * * details to—Britannia Manufacturing Co. Ltd.. 22/26. Electrical Engineering Co. Ltd.. Grice Street. Spon Lane. j Britannia Walk. London. N.I. 29 West Bromwich. 36 1 \YTANTED. Rotary Converters, any size.—Universal. A A A oz. (Troy) Johnson Mattheys Easy Flow ! * » 221, City Road. London. E.C.l. 22 2 5U U U Silver Solder, in perfect condition and as W E are immediate buyers for electrical machinery and supplied by the maker. Price for quick sale, 40s. lb. ’ * heavy power plant of all descriptions. Good prices (Troy).—W. D. M., 16, St. Thomas’ Road. St. Annes- offered for A1 plant.—G.P.U. Ltd.. Wembley. Middx. 3531 on-Sea. 3336 -h.p., 230-v. A.C. or D.C. Motor.—Universal Electrical. £ A A A good strong Crates, inside measurements 29" 1 221» City Road, London. E .C .l. 25 x 9 ¥ x 9 f \ ¥ thick, battened all round, inch to 1£ inch Steel Chain, suitable for electrical at Is. 9d. each, ex works.—K. Golds« & Sons, 14a, Rec­ I fittings.—Box 9857. c/o The Electrical Review. tory Square, London, E .l (Tel. Stepney Green 2550). 75 25-h.p. and 1 5-h.p., 400-volt. 3-phase Motors & 1 Starters.—Alpha Manufacturing « Electrical Co. ARTICLES WANTED | Ltd.. 21. Cedars Road. S.W.4. 3501 .C. Motors, all sizes. Burnt-out machines acceptable, JL-kW fully-automatic Diesel Generating Set. preferably A providing mechanically sound.—Fyfe, Wilson & Co. 2 2 a Lister.—Box 3258. c /o The Electrical Review. Ltd.. Bishop’s Stortford. 3506 -4-kW. 110-v. Plant with batteries.—Jack’s Hill Farm. .C. Motors urgently wanted, any condition, 400/3/50 3 Graveley. Hitchin. 9S76 A type, sizes from 1 to 20 h.p., speeds 1,500 and 1.000. X and 15-amp. Single-pole Skeleton Kick Switches.— State price. — Bowie Electrical Service, Roscoe Street, ** Rowe Bros. & Co. Ltd.. Pall Mall. Liverpool. 3. 3312 Scarborough (Tel. 1264). 2881 I T-h.p. A.C. Slip-ring Motor. 3-phase. 50 cycles. 380 v., ACCUMULATOR Plates (old) and lead Peroxide; as • screen protected, horizontal spindle. New or second- actual smelters we pay top price. Also old storage I hand. Write immediately to—The Long Eaton Cable Co. batteries, transformers and whole installations purchased. 1 Ltd.. 256. Westminster Bridge Rd.. London. S.E.l. 3445 —Elton, Levy & Co. Ltd., 18, St. Thomas Street. S.E.l. 7 1 h.p. or near. Generating Set. 100 volt, with or with- Hop 2825-6. 39 1 • 2 out battery.—Particulars to C. A. Newton «: Co. T>UTT and Spot Welders, all sizes.—Fyfe, Wilson & Co. Ltd.. St. James’s Street. Derby. 3503 Ltd.. Bishop’s Stortford. 3507 71-h.p. Squirrel Cage Motors, foot or flange mounted. /CELLULOSE Acetate Off cuts urgently wanted. Send • 2 3-ph.. 50 cycles. 960/1.440 r.p.m.. 220/380 and/or ^ samples and prices to—Box 107, c/o The Electrical | 400 / 440 volts, in good condition.—TM.A.. Leatherhead Review. Road. South Chessington, Surbiton, Surrey (Tel. Epsom TALESEL-Alternator, 30 to 50 kW, 230 v.,single-phase.— 2634). 3361 a J Greenhill. Kilowatt House, North Rd.. Bath. 9880 7 A-kVA multi-cylinder Diesel engine driven Generat- TT'LECTRICAL Tester for fractional horse-power motors. 1 -mg get, 400/3/50 and 230 v.. complete with L - —Box 3442, c/o The Electrical Review. control panel and automatic • voltage regulator.—Box T^NGINEERING Technical Books (new or secondhand) 3519. c/o The Electrical Review. wanted in any quantity. Attractive cash offers. Call 9 ^ n -k W Alternator, 400/440 volts. Particulars to— —Third floor, 356, Oxford Street, W .l, or “ Stoneleigh.” Box 3343. c /o The Electrical Review. St. George’s Avenue, W eybridge. 62 a /"v/^-amp. oil Circuit Breaker, with overloads and “CTERE Bar Elements (Flat), 9" X 3", 1 kilo.; also 5 to iv /U no-volt release, for 400 v./3-ph./50 cycle: T 15-amp. Switches. Large or small quantities. Offers state maker, price and where may be viewed.—Box 3521, to—Supreme Electrical Manufacturers. 3, Downs Road, c /o The Electrical Review. Epsom. Surrey (Phone, Epsom 1358). 9712 X^LUORESCENT Lamps, 5 ft., urgently required, any WORK WANTED AND OFFERED quantity, best prices paid. Collected London area.— A DVISORY’ services offered on problems concerning Box 111. c /o The Electrical Review. Fluorescent Lamp manufacture. See advertisement TT^RACTIONAL Motors. l/50th to 1/100th h.p. Small under ” Business Opportunities.”—Box 9890. c/o The frame, able to supply 1.000 off for early delivery.— Electrical Review. Winchester Engineering, 294-6, Lillie Road. Fulham, S.W.6. A T.T. makes and kinds of Electrical and Radio Measuring Phone, Fulham 3081. 3417 Instruments repaired by skilled technicians, A.I.D. OODS Lift required complete. Suitable for existing approved. All work quoted by return without charge. G brick shaft o' 2£" wide. 4' 9" deep. Traverse 29' Also for sale, large variety of Voltmeters. Ammeters, with intermediate stop. 100-440 A.C.. 3 phase, 50 cycles. Milli-ammeters, 2” and 2 ¥ dials, reconditioned ex-Air —Jelleyman & Sons Ltd.. Kidderminster. 9902 Ministry stock.—C. Gertler. Dept. A. 29-31, Cowcross St.. T AMINATIONS, types 75A.4A., required in substantial E .C .l (Tel. Cle. 6783). 9670 _Li Quantities. Small quantities also considered.—Corner- A RMATURE. Rotor and Stator Rewinds and Repairs; croft. Fallibroome Road. Macclesfield. 95 fractional to 100 h.p. Prompt deliveries.—T. A. 'EW or reconditioned 220-v. Compound D.C. Dynamo Boxall & Co.. Horley. Surrey. Phone 654. 9895 N for direct coupling to 100-h.p. Diesel engine running A RMATURE Winding: Vacuum Cleaners, etc., single or Ron r n m Full particulars, including age, maker’s quantities.—Vac. 80. Cranbrook Road. Ilford. 9612 nam pandm ai n dimensions, to-M art infield Ltd.. 8. The RISCOE Plating Co. Ltd. now have available capacity Liiklv ReSial Worcestershire. 3453 B for Silver and Nickel Plating, in which we are ATFW or reconditioned 200-kW, 220-volts Compound specialists.—Enquiries invited to 3-5, Maddox Street. iN n r Dynamo for direct coupling to 1,500-r.p.m. London. W .l. 3490 -• ' iSiP«el engine. Full particulars, including age, /'CAPACITY available for light assembly, December. vertical Diese and mo;nmain HiTn**n.:dr>ns-dimensions, to—Martinfieldto—Martinfleld T.t/iLtd.. Y-' January. Some machining, London area.—Box 91, r i h e 1U cTey. Hednal. Worcestershire. 3454 c/o The Electrical Review. 72 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

TJ'LECTRICAL and Mechanical Drawings and Tracings QOUTH Africa. Representative. 18 years’ experience prepared. Illustrations for technical publications a wholesale electrical accessories and domestic ap­ speciality.—Ashley Drawing Office L td., 4, Totnes Villas. pliances trade, desires contact firm requiring representa­ Telford Road. London. N.ll. 9821 tion in S.A. Excellent ref. Passage booked.—Box 9^87. NGINEERS. Precision, South England, seek manu c/o The Electrical Review. E facture of electrical, mechanical or domestic \\T HOLESALERS, with live representatives covering assemblies or components. Press tools, gauges, 6mall ▼▼ London. South Coast. Midlands, wish to contact stampings, capstan turning, also Internal and External manufacturers of lines suitable for electrical contractors, Grinding. Write—Box 74, c/o The Electrical Review. corporations and stores.—Box 9875, c/o The Electrical NDUSTRIAL Advisory Group, 39, Toys Lane, Cradley, Review. I Staffs. Consulting engineers, electrical, mechanical BUSINESSES FOR SALE AND WANTED design drafting and tracing capacity available. Corres­ AST Devon Electrical. Radio and Cycle business. pondence invited. 9908 E Double-fronted shop. Main street position. Turn­ T AMPSHADE Wires, any design, from own drawings or over £3.000 per annum. Good living accommodation. -L^ samples. Enquiries invited.—Regent Wares, 57a, 3 double beds., 2 box rooms, bath, 2 rec., kitchen, good Queen’s Road, Walthamstow, London, E.17. 9711 storage accommodation, small walled garden, greenhouse. IGHT Spot Welding and Light Assembly capacity Price £5.500 includes goodwill, equipment and freehold L available.—Box 9891, c/o The Electrical Review. property. Stock at valuation.—E. Hayne, 4 Johnson’s ~j\/TACHINING Work, for Centre Lathes up to 6i in. Place, Exmouth. 3487 centres and medium-sized milling (good grade work preferred).—The London Electric Firm, Croydon. Up­ BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES lands 4871. 56 DVISORY services offered on any technical, design or UALIFIED Engineer, with experienced draughtsmen, A production problem connected with Fluorescent Lamp Q can now undertake electrical and mechanical draw­ manufacture.—Box 9889, c/o The Electrical Review. ings, tracings, detailing. Work executed to clients’ own RACTIONAL h.p. motors. Designer wishes to contact designs, rough sketches, specifications. Strict confidence. F manufacturer interested in acquiring designs and con­ Prompt service.—Box 9907, c/o The EQectrical Review. sulting services for small universal motor production. HOT Blasting, Metal and Paint Spraying. We are able Continental experience in mixers, hair driers, cleaners, S to undertake the effiicient and prompt handling of etc. Complete specifications, production methods and all goods sent for treatment. Large capacity available. manufacturing drawings available.—Box 9888, c/o The Enquiries to—Commercial Structures Ltd., Staffa Works, Electrical Review. Staffa Road. E.10. 112 OCEMCO Ltd., Fluorescent Lighting Specialists, wish to ACUUM Motors rewound and repaired. Trade price ^ contact manufacturers of electrical equipment and V list will. be forwarded on application to—A. & G. accessories, including " Novelty ” and “ Improved ’’ Davis. 4. Norris Road, W itton, Birmingham. 6. 3474 appliances. Domestic fluorescent fittings and components of particular interest. When possible complete output will A GE N C IE S be taken, and full co-operation given in exchange for sole GENCIES required for London, South of England, for distribution rights. Replies will be treated with strictest A the following: (1) Domestic electrical appliances: confidence.—Man. Director. Scemco Ltd., Scemco House. (2) Brass electrical accessories, switch plugs, etc.: (3) Con­ 6/7. Soho Street, London, W.l. . 119 duit. Advertisers have clientele with every wholesaler in PATENT NOTICES the territory mentioned. Immediate turnover can be IV'OTICE is hereby given that The M-0 Valve Co. Ltd. guaranteed. Either commission or buying basis. Post­ and William Ernest Willshaw seek leave to amend war arrangements considered.—Box 64, c/o The Elec­ the Specification of the application for Letters Patent trical Review. No. 578.585 entitled “ Improvements in magnetrons.” GENCIES required. South of England, including the Particulars of the proposed amendment were set forth in A London area: (a) Cables; (b) Small Switchgear; (c) the Official Journal (Patents) No. 3016, dated November Transformers; or any lines suitable for distribution for 13th. 1946. Any person may give Notice of Opposition wholesalers' business.—Box 40, c/o The Electrical Review. to the amendment by leaving Patents Form No. 19 at the XPERIENCED Sales Engineer with leading manu­ P ate n t Office. 25, Southam pton Buildings. London, W.C.2, E facturer. free to take additional agency.—Box 9882, on or before the 13th December. 1946.—H. L. Saunders. c/o The Electrical Review. Comptroller General. 3509 ENTLEMAN, with office in London and knowledge of G electrical engineering, would undertake representa­ IVIISCELLA NEOUS tion of firms—Box 9840, c/o The Electrical Review. A.S.E.E. EMPLOYMENT BUREAU ONDON company experienced in successful distribu­ L tion of electrical products through wholesale trade rpH E Association of Supervising Electrical Engineers seeks sole representation for V.I.R. and P.V.C. Flexes -1- invite employers, seeking the services of fully- and Cables. Brass and Bakelite Accessories. Would con­ qualified Electrical Engineers for administrative and sider Continental if import possible.—Box 81, c/o The supervisory positions, to avail themselves of the Associa­ Electrical Review. tion’s Employment Bureau. ~\/TANUFACTURERS’ Agents, covering tbe whole of There are no charges, and only suitably qualified Great Britain and Colonies, are desirous of contact applicants are submitted. ing manufacturers with a view to sole selling rights (either Enquiries to the General Secretary, The Association of commission or buying), post-war arrangements considered. Supervising Electrical Engineers. 54. Station Road. New —Box 23. c/o The Electrical Review. Barnet. Herts. Barnet 6731/2 . __ 3139 ANUFACTURERS’ Agents, established connection M with electrical wholesalers and large stores, urgently T3 ATTERY Chargers Modernised. Your old Charger made require additional lines: (a) Lampshades; (b) Wrought like new by specialists. Conversion from valve to metal Iron Fittings; (c) 3/4-light Pendant Fittings, chrome and rectification. Send for interesting leaflet ” Q.D.” on this wood. Must be high quality manufacture. Buying agency service.—Runbaken Electrical Products. Manchester. 1. 45 —immediate turnover guaranteed.—Box 3479, c/o The X JIR E plant to solve your delivery problems. We have set up a Special Hire Dept, where customers can obtain at moderate rates Motors. Generators, Engines, etc.. IVTANUFACTURERS’ Agents. Two ex-officers in part- to satisfy their immediate needs. Please send your JLvJL nership offer a limited number of manufacturers enquiries, stating approx. hire period, to—G. P. U. Ltd. really energetic and intelligent representation in Scotland. (Hire Department). Wembley, Middx. Phone: Wembley Considerable trade experience pre-war. Office and show­ 3691; ’Grams: Powaguide. London. Maintenance and room being opened in Glasgow. Two cars. Highest service stations at Wembley. Huddersfield. Leicester and references.—Box 9886, c/o The Electrical Review. near Wrexham. 3532 " \ / f ANUFACTURERS' Agents with offices London & QHORTHAND Typists. Private Secretaries, Clerks, etc. IvJL South Coast, wish to hear of additional lines, in­ ^ If you are in urgent need of staff, contact Embassy cluding cables and domestic appliances, for sale to corpor­ Secretarial Employment Bureau. Excel House. Whitcomb ations. wholesalers and retailers.—Box 9903. c/o The Street. W.C.2 (Whitehall 5924). We specialise in efficient Electrical Review. personnel. 90 A/TANUFACTURING and Distributing Company, cover- ■VTORKSHIRE Business Agencies specialise in advice IVA ing the British Isles, and having important export regarding the sale and purch. of businesses. Skilled connections, are desirous of handling additional products in investigation on behalf of purchasers, and can give suitable for the electrical, hardware and ironmongery sellers the benefit of expert opinion on the value of their trades, preferably sole distributing rights. Substantial business. All prospective buyers and sellers will find an contracts will be placed for suitable lines. Reply—Box interview with us to their advantage.—Yorkshire Business T.P.195. c/o Maurice Vernon Ltd.. 2. St. Andrew s Hill. Agencies. Business Consultants. 15. East Parade. Leeds. 1. Queen Victoria Street. E.C.4. 61 32 i? November 5, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 73

EDUCATIONAL n o t i c e s TT^NGINEERING Careers and Qualifications. Both Government and industry have announcedannouno and » “ “its .. In the recent examina- emphasised that young men with technical knowledge ranHidatp

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prepared for Shop Window Lighting LIMITED STOCKS AVAILABLE

WRITE FOR “ HARCORAY" BROCHURE ILLUSTRATING COMPLETE RANGE OF REFLECTORS FOR SHOP, STORE AND SHOWCASE LIGHTING. l l a r c o u r t s

STANHOPE HOUSE, KEAN STREET, ALDWYCH, W.C.2. T e le p h o n e : T E M P L E B A R 9671/2/3. 7 6 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w Novem ber 1 5 , 1 9 4 6

Conversion to Oil Fuel— specify W eir Oil Fuel Pumps

W rite for Oil Pump Catalogue GI.9 ri i i i / E l T ^ L T D ^fcA T M C R R T : GLASGOW

ROTARY QUICK MAKE & BREAK BRITISH MADE THROUGHOUT. For all pu rposes—fu Ily tested T Switches to customers’ COG-WHEEL BRAND requirements. Let us use our long experience to solve your Switching. problems. PHOSPHOR BRONZE TOK SWITCHES LTD. CAMBRIDGE ROW. BURRAGE ROAD FOR YOUR WOOLWICH, S.E.18 PRODUCTION 8 &■ PLAN T SWITCHES MAINTENANCE

Our latest abridged general Catalogue will tell you all about 'COG-WHEEL' Brand PHOSPHOR BRONZE and other NON-FERROUS ALLOYS, in Ingots. Cast­ ings. Rolled and Drawn Metal and Solid and Cored Sticks cast by our special process. A copy will be sent you on request. Petrol Electric Generating / Plants, H.T. Generators, D.C. THE PHOSPHOR BRONZE CO., LTD. Motors, Frequency Changers, WITTON • BIRMINGHAM • 6. ,/////,,. etc., up to 25 K.V.A. (A SIRFJELO COMPANY) '''//////. CHAS. F. W A R D , 3 7 w hite post lane Phone: Amherst 1393. HACKNEY WICK, E.9

COMPOUND KETTLE B ITU M EN JOINTER’S B U C K E T BUCKET REST WITH FALSE TYER.S JOINTERS BOTTOM MELTING EQUIPMENT FURNACE Portable Oil Furnace, Melting Pot, Bucket Rest, Bitumen Bucket, Compound Kettle and Metal Ladle. The PORTABLE FURNACE & PATENTS CO. CARRINGTON. NOTTINGHAM ADJUSTABLE COVER T e le p h o n e : N O T T I N G H A M 64887 BUCKET FALSE BOTTOM Members of : OIL BURNING APPARATUS ASSOCIATION November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 77 DIG N ITY T H A T SELLS

A combination of quiet dignity and beauty of design with excellent workmanship and choice of materials give Silas Quaker Pendant Fittings an unrivalled “ sales appeal.” They attract all classes of customers which will find expression in your increased sales.

S H A D E S TO M A TGH. Designed to match the Pendant Fittings, these shades—- HERE IS A HEATER one in Frosted Glass and the other in durable White Plastic—will stand out from WITH A READY-MADE all others by their simple attractiveness. SALES APPEAL! Send TO-DAY for full details and trade terms of the ‘ easy-to-sell ’ SILAS QUAKER range. Here’s a Convection Heater that will not stay long in your shop. Its looks stand it in good stead on comparison, whilst a trial will convince anyone that here at last is Perfection in Convection. The speed with which it converts a chilly room to com­ fortable caressing warmth alone is remark­ able, especially as the cabinet itself remains cool . . . no danger to children there. Send to-day for full details of the DEREN Heater, made in a range of attractive harmonising colours. D J R E N

Manufactured by DE RENZI, HOLMES & CO. LTD. FOX’S LANE, WOLVERHAMPTON, England Telephone: W O LV ERH A M PTO N 21714

London Agent: R B- Whlttlck. A.M.I.E.E., • Abfoid H ■- W ilton Road, S W . I. Phone:h o n e ; VVictoria ic to ria 595957-8 Midlands Agent. Maurice ) . ------.... A.M.I Mech.E.. 73/74 Exchange Bldgs., New St.., BliBlimingham2. mingham2. Phone: Midland 0543 SILAS QUAKER LTD ■ CROWN YARD Scottish Representative John ,J Scott, **“ 89/90 York Street Glasgow. Phone: City 6677 CRICKLEWOOD ■ LONDON, N.W.2 TEL. G LA D S TO N E 4 2 0 1 1 4 LINTS) 78 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

Dynamic STROBOSCOPES

High speed moving parts can Fatigue Testing be viewed as if stationary with the DAWE STROBO­ Provides Data of Fundamental SCOPE and can be photo­ Im portance graphed with the aid of the DAWE PHOTOFLASH Write now for full details of these essential equipments

OTHER INSTRUMENTS

Sound and Vibration Meters and Analysers. Moisture Meters Test Gear for Mass-Production Testing Precision Resistors and Condensers A C. Bridges and Oscillators Instruments for Measuring Frequency and Wave-form Valve Voltmeters and Power Meters For complete details write : DAWE INSTRUMENTS LTD. Harlequin Ave., Great West Rd. Brentford, Middlesex Telephone : Ealing 1850 i

The illustration shows the Avery No. 63/3058 ' Duplex ’ Revolving Cantilever Beam Testing Machine.

This machine is designed to carry out fatigue tests of the Wohler cantilever type upon two rotating bar specimens under load sim u l-« taneously. It is simple to operate and the test stops automatically when the specimen breaks.

For full information write for booklet T.2064. Machines for Reversed Plane Bending Tests are also available. Write for booklet T.2065. W. & T. AVERY, LIMITED

Soho Foundry, Birmingham 40 Electroway Heaters, Loughborough, England November 15, 1946 Electrical Review

DUPAR

Specially designed “ Dupar” Fully Automatic Air-Break Contactor Panel for control and protection of 100-200 H.P. Pole Change Slip Ring Motor. Enquiries invited for Control Equip­ ment for all applications.

DEWHURST & PARTNER LTD. INVERNESS WORKS H O U N S L O W • M ID D L E S E X Telephone: Hounslow 0085/8 Telegrams: Dewhurst, Hounslow

Birmingham Office: Suffolk House, Suffolk St., Birmingham i. Tel.: Midland 5150 Scottish Office : 26 Blythswood Sq., Glasgow, C.2. Tel.: Douglas 0097

“HAILWARE ” LIGHTING GLASS HAILWOOD & ACKROYD LTD. GLASS MANUFACTURERS AND ENGINEERS BEACON WORKS • MORLEY • YORKS

LONDON BIRMINGHAM

ALBION HOUSE, SOMERSET HOUSE,

59 NEW OXFORD STREET, W.C. I TEMPLE STREET, BIRMINGHAM 2

Telephone : TEMPLE BAR 6594 & 7358 Telephone : MIDLAND 6014

LIGHTING GLASS “HAILWARE” 8 0 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w Novem ber 15, 1 9 4 6 November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 81

NKS FORMED WIRE B E N D S MEET FUTURE NEEDS

No formed-wire part is too diffi­ cult for Tonks to tackle—no job too simple to be given expert attention. Whether you have a simple need or a difficult “ problem” it will pay you to “ take it to Tonks.”

WIRES BENT, HEADED, THREADED IN ANY METAL AND COUNTLESS SHAPES

TONKS & Co.

27 NURSERY ROAD, HOCKLEY, BIRMINGHAM 19 Telephones : NORthern 1292-3-4 Telegrams : " RiYtonk, Birmingham ” 82 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

It doesn’t m ake a s c r a p

If you send us an order for millions of any of the articles we manufacture or only an order for a few thousands we shall still give it our very best attention, and hope that our services will give you full satisfaction. In that event we shall hope to receive further favours, and add one more to our list of customers, who can be more correctly called our friends. The advice of our Technical Staff is always at your disposal to help you choose the most suitable eyelet, terminal or pressing for the job you have in hand. f. D ow lere sons A S X O BIRMINGHAM»e

281 A

DRUMS- ELECTRICALLY HEATED REELS g FURNACES

Batch and Continu­ ous type Furnaces for all purposes. Temperatures to 1,0001,100° C.

Oilier B-W Products

OVENS. Alltypes IMPREGNATORS W e have generations of experience in M ETA L POTS woodworking; up to the minute machinery G LU E & W AX for every part of the job, and a properly KETTLES organised production line for every part of the job. Small wonder then, that many IMMERSION of the largest Cable makers in the country HEATERS come to us for their drums. SOLDERING IRONS. Etc.

THE AUSTIN-HALL GROUP OF COMPANIES Ask for List FIER AUSTINS OF EAST HAM LIMITED BARLOW-WHITN EY LTD C00MBE R? NEASDEN LANE, LONDON.N.W.I0j i “ ” ° "‘ ;, LONDON, E.6. GRAngewood 3444

84 Electrical R e v ie w November 15, 1946 44 TRANSTAR " (Patents Pending) '"f Cash in on 3 Fluorescent Lighting Control Gear

AUTOMATIC HOME LAUNDRY'

M ore profits for you

Less work for the housewife

Here is the greatest advance in labour- “ TRANSTAR ” Control Gear operates on the Davle-Lark system which saving since the vacuum cleaner ousted eliminates the usual starter. the bass broom! Bendix takes the soiled The standard 80 watt Unit is totally enclosed in an aluminium box 4\" X clothes, soaks them, launders them, sprays 4" x 3j", compound filled. them with clean water to flush out the Sole M anufacturers : suds, puts them through two separate STURDY ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. rinses, and damp dries them—all at the DIPTON, NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE. Tel.: Dipton 221 touch of a sw itch! Backed by a nation-wide sales organisation and National press advertising, Bendix ■gr E.L.M.A will be an ‘odds on’ favourite in a market THREE SPECIAL LINES LAMPS. CABLES long starved of home appliances—a certain BELL CELLS, l*v. AUTO and Retail Round 6" x 2f" 3/- and profit-maker that will build goodwill for FLASH FLEXES Rect. 4 T x If" 9ri. future trading. Clean, compact, easy to Red. 5t" x 2" 1/- LAMP Govt. Surplus BULBS install, easy to use, easy to sell and British 244 TOTTENHAM COURT ROAD built throughout LONDON, W.l M U S e u m 5351 Established 1919

GREY^M ARTEN ltd Write for full M anufacturers F oV particulars to For all Electrical Work. To British Standard or any other specifications. 1^9 With a reputation for purity of consti" BENDIX HOME tuents and excellence of appearance. APPLIANCES LTD L O N D O N : l i SOUTHWARK BRIDGE S.E.l TA Phone : Hop 0414 Grams : Amalgam, Boroh BIRMINGHAM: E 9 9 a P A R K LANE LONDON W1 11 JA M E S S T R E E T 3 Phone : B’ham Cent. 6000 Grams : Amalgam, B’ham • ym em ber 13, iy 4 6 E l e c t r i c a l R e v je w

Rapid Action VOLTAGE REGULATOR 0 For A.C. and D.C. Generators, Booster Sets, Steam, Diesel or Hydro - Electric Generating Plant. 0 Constant voltage maintained through wide variations of load, temperature and speed. Q Extremely rapid and accurate, can be in­ stalled on existing or new generators, are inexpensive in first cost, require little or no maintenance and they are absolutely reliable. 0 They are easily fitted and we supply full information for installing.

I§ I NTH A L ^ ct°d. V0 LTA^r?e.LAT0R DUCON WORKS VICTORIA ROAD. NORTH ACTON. LONDON, W.3 Telephone: Acorn 3904 Telegrams: “ Isenthal, London ”

X HE Model 7 Universal AvoMeter is the world’s most Regd Trade Mark widely used combination electri­ MEANS ACCURACY cal measuring instrument. It p ro v id e s 5 0 ranges of readings and is guaranteed accurate to B.S. first-grade limits on D.C. and A.C. from 2 5 c /s to 2 K c /s . It is self-contained, compact and portable, simple to operate and almost impossible to damage electrically. It is protected by an automatic cut-out against damage through severe overload and is provided with automatic

The AvoMeter is one of a useful range of “ Avo " electrical testing compensation for variations in instruments which are maintaining the “Avo” reputation for an ambient temperature. unexcelled standard of accuracy and dependability-in fact, a standard by which other instruments are judged.

c„/„ Proprietors and Manufacturers Sole Proprre cQ|L W|NDER & ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT Co., Ltd. VW ^er House, Douglas Street, London, S.W.I Phone: Victoria 3404-9 8 6 E l e c t r i c a l i v t v i t w ivuvemoer 13, ly ^ to

/ ¡ f t s¿XX on COMPONENTS Saxon Silent Chokes and Ballasts are now available for use with 8o-watt Fluor­ escent Lighting Tubes in all standard voltages. They should be specified when absolutely noiseless functioning is desired.

Maximum Efficiency and— SILEN CE

SAXON COMPONENTS LTD. 66 Victoria Street, London, S.W .I Telephone : Victoria 0804

MOVING IRON INSTRUMENTS

HESE instruments are the latest additions Ito the very wide Pullin range and they conform IN PRECIOUS, SEMI-PRECIOUS 6 BASE METALS to the required standards of interchangeability “ Thessco ” Contacts with other instruments of the same size. Of owe their reputation the finest design and workmanship, they possess for reliability both to the reliable accuracy that has given Pullin the intimate fusion of the contact metal Instruments wide repute. (often silver) with the Standard projecting pattern sheet steel case, cuprous base and to with full open dial. Fixing- rings are available their exactness in size. when required for flush mounting. Contacts are made to any design from the Available in the following types: smallest “ rivet ” type Moving Coil— Milliammeters, Ammeters, Voltmeters; for to the largest “ finger” D.C., or Rectifier type for A.C. for high amperage Moving Iron Ammeters, Voltmeters; with first grade contactor panels and accuracy on A .C . or D .C . controllers. Dynamometer Single Phase W attmeters for D .C . & A .C . use.

AW enquiries to Dept. C MEASURING INSTRUMENTS (PULLIN) LTD. Phoenix W ks., Gt. W est Road., Brentford, Middx. Ealing 0011 November 15 , 1 9 4 6 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 87 88 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

OVER 20 YEARS’ MANUFACTURING EXPERIENCE SUFLEX LTD. are specialists in the manufacture of the following electrical products

VARNISHED COTTON PLAIN PLASTIC PUSH BACK WIRE SLEEVIN G SLEEVING & TUBING DOUBLE BRAIDED ★ ★ VARNISHED SILK TINNED COPPER AND W AXED SLEEVING SCREENED PLASTIC ★ ★ SLEEVING TINNED COPPER 'k SCREENED VARNISHED TINNED COPPER COTTON SLEEVING SCREENING CUFLEX C—> LI M I T E D

SUFLEX LTD • A I N T R E E RD., GREE.NFORD PERI VALE MIDDLESEX • Phone: PERivale 4467

8652 Novem ber 1 5 , 1 9 4 6 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 89

tor Commu of all types a Sizes

A commutator made by Watliff is expertly produced and gives no trouble in service. Advice from commutator experts is always available to users of our products. TR A O g .MARK] We recommend that designers should use our standard sizes (full details on request) wherever pos­ sible, but we can always supply specials to customers’ exact requirements where needed.

We have been making commutators and slip rings for over 25 years and are confident that we know our business. WE MAKE THEM FROM THE We produce over one million com­ SMALLEST TO THE LARGEST m utators yearly and we are (still growing.

m TELEPHONE: LIBERTY II8I - II82 - 1183 telegram s: watliff, phone,London CO.LTD. LOMBARD ROAD, MORDEN ROAD, SOUTH WIMBLEDON, LONDON, S.W.I9 TAYLOR 57+ E l e c t r i c a l r e v i e w isovemoer 13, iv^to

As pioneers of this type of motor we have supplied over 3 ,0 00 machines to one customer alone

HIGH EFFICIENCY TOTALLY ENCLOSED INDUCTION MOTORS Surface Cooled type from \ to 150 H.P. CONQNLEY K € 1G H L € ? T CNGLRND PHONE*. CR0S5HIILS 200 12Lines) GRAMS: GREEN • CROSSHILLS 200

CLEAN, PERMANENT MARKING ON BA KELITE, METAL, GLASS, WOOD COMPONENT PARTS, Etc.

An Associate Company of LARGE OR SMALL ARTICLES OF ANY SHAPE The General Electric Co., Ltd. PRINTED BY ONE SIMPLE MACHINE of England Adopted in place of engraving by many Braiswick Works leading manufacturers l Colchester AfND AT LONDON, BIRMINGHAM, REJAFIX LTD. CARDIFF. GLASGOW' St MANCHESTER T e l . : W e lb e c k 1979 & 5141 Safe progress

' here his whiskers can go—the cat also can go. It’s a way ol safeguarding him against rash adventures. The rich endowment of experience in the

Crompton Parkinson organization is a similar safeguard against ill-timed and dubious experiments—an assurance that every advance is proved beyond doubt before it is incorporated in new plant. That is why Crompton Parkinson plant has earned the respect of engineers everywhere—it is always progressive along the right lines.

..«OS • frompton#Parkmson ™ LIMITED PLANT DIVISION — ,h° ELECTRA HOUSE, VICTORIA EMBANKMENT , „ m jh ih LONDON, W.C . 2 92 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 1 5 , 1 9 4 6

QUALITY

as a I w ay s

Patience will not go unrewarded—

m o re “ Swan-Brand ” products are on the way

BULPITT & SONS LTD. SWANSEA WORKS BIRMINGHAM 1 M -W .6 1 ELECTRIC FURNACES for r INDUSTRIAL and LABORATORY PURPOSES

W hich factory is yours! With labour so short, you can't afford to use seven labourers for hauling goods about the works when one youth and an Electricar works truck can do the same job. Now is the time to switch to this modern method of material handling. You make use of the cheapest power All types possible and can be certain of years of reliable service. In normal times Electricars are a proved economy. To-day are they are a necessity. made by f Electrify * your haulage with

SIEMENS-SCHUCKERT (great br.tain) LTD. GREAT WEST ROAD . BRENTFORD . MIDDLESEX ELECfnTTCAR Tel: EALing 1171 -5 ‘ Grams: Siemensdyn, Brentford Offices in London, Birmingham, Cardiff. INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS Glasgow. Manchester. Newcastle & Sheffield CROMPTON PARKINSON LIMITED Sales Office : Electra House. Victoria Embankment, London, W.C.2 R.M.R.11 TURULAR REFLECTOR FIRE with suitable length of 3 core flex. Polished aluminium reflector reinforced with strong alloy on each side and fixed on anodised tubular frame. The guard over the element is also made from anodised alloy. Whole construction superior and novel. 18" x 16" x I5£". I kW/2 kW , 230/250 v, unless otherwise stated. Deliveries excellent but In strict rotation Large Range of Portable and Wall Electric Fires, Radiators, Convector Heaters, Oak Floor Standard and Table Lamps, Fluorescent Lighting Fittings, Electric Irons, Vacuum Cleaners, Novelty Bowl Fires, Boiling Rings, Electric Kettles, Electric Fans, Torch Cases, Cycle Lamps, all types of Batteries (“ A” Class), etc. Detailed List available Place orders in good time BROOKS & BOHM LTD. From 40/- 90 VICTORIA STREET. LONDON, S.W.I. Phone : Victoria 9S50 & 1441 Ginirous Trade discounts November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 93

What could be simpler, fairer or more likely to lead to a reasonably priced article, which shows the dealer a generous profit margin ? There is no ‘ middleman ’ in the Vactric scheme of selling, so, if you stock Vactric cleaners, It will be you who will share the benefits of the nation-wide advertising campaign, which has recently been launched. NOT JUST TO-DAY—WE’VE ALWAYS SOLD THAT WAY /actric are at present making two types of extra; the W.I00 (cylindrical) cleaner, /acuum cleaners and a Floor Polisher. The £13. 13s. Od. plus purchase tax (including IUNIOR (upright) cleaner, £12. 12s. Od. Dusting Tools) ; the Three-Brush Floor atus purchase tax, Dusting Tools £3. 3. 0. Polisher £18. 18s. 0. plus purchase tax.

THE MODERN VACUUM CLEANER VACTR TED, CHAPELHALL, LANARKSHIRE, SCOTLAND 4 6 / T 2 / 0 94 {Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

t \

For a quarter of a century, in War and Peace, F.E.W. wire has meant the best in insulation

If you require Cotton, Silk or Enamel covered copper wires... Phone : Prospect 1032 (3 lines). Wire: “ Encosil, Richmond, Surrey” or Write to : KENT BROS. ELECTRIC WIRE CO. & E. H. PHILLIPS LTD. KEW WORKS, MORTLAKE ROAD, KEW GARDENS, RICHMOND, SURREY

(9u i ffiywexd iô Sluice

ANNOUNCE Tke MTE AN ENTIRELY NEW RANGE OF Service: MERGURY IN GLASS Maximum efficiency from multi­

THERMOSTATS motored equipment is ensured by

AND the MTE service.

MERCURY SWITGHES Consult MTE specialists relative to

all Control gear, Control devices, and

infinitely variable speed equipment ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE for any type of application. W ILL BE SENT ON REQUEST

MACHINE-TOOL- ELECTRICS ■ LTD ENGEL & GIBBS LTD LF.IGH-ON-SEA 983-5 FINCHLEY RD„ LONDON, N.W.1I Telephone: SPEEDWELL 9533 November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w {Supplement) 95

(Cl H £*

COMPENSATED A.C. & D.c. MOTORS > DIRECT CURRENT CONVERTORS GENERATOR S MOTOR GENERATOR SETS and • M O TO RS

LABORATORY PLANT CONSTANT CURRENT DRIVES CONSTANT VOLTAGE GENERATORS

SEND FOR OUR DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE

•e MACPUIULAIilE EHIGI1EERHW6 CO. ILlim MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS

C fl T H C fl R T • G l fi S G O W -S -4

Telephone Telegrams M ERRYLEE 1555/6 POWER, CATHCART 96 {Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

ELECTRIC FIRES Efficient and Artistic Make your post-war plans now for sales of Angelus Fires as they become available. INGRAM, KEMP & JOYNER London Office 21 Gt. Suffolk St., S.E.I NEWTOWN ROW BIRMINGHAM 6

! CREOSOTED POLE for P O W E R LINES Telegraph Poles, Engineering and Constructional Timbers of Every Description. BURT. BOULTON & HAYWOOD Ltd BRETTENH.AM HOUSE, WELLINGTON STREET, W.C.2 D e p o ts: LONboN Telephone.Temple Bor 580! (SUnes) Te/eorams. Bur bout. Rand. London NEWPORT.SOUTHAMPTON Etc.

P & B-GOLDS THERMAL OVERLOAD RELAYS FOR THREE-PHASE MOTORS GIVE Complete and Positive Protection

DESCRIPTIVE PAMPHLET AVAILABLE ON REQUEST

ne/pg[^ EM m m m c 0 . l tc, T Y P E M3 TAMWORTH LANE WORKS, MITCHAM, SURREY _ _ November 15, 1946

• Dimensions only 7 f " x 6 -j" x 4*" • Power Lighting and Heating “ under one roof ” • Saving in wiring cost and space • Each row of fuses a separate unit • Each fuse in its own compartment • Conforms’ to B/S. S. 88 and 214

2 sizes — 4 way and 6 way. 30 A max. cap

★ W rite for F.C. leaflet

Announcement of Dorman & Smith Ltd., Manchester, London, Glasgow ERIA^46

EVERYTHING HAD A BEGINNING—

A N D , when the' telephone was still -*■*- in its in fa n c y , w e m a d e th e f i r s t electrical batteries and lit the Royal Exchange, the Royal M int and other im portant buildings. Since then we made the f i r s t electrical accumulators to be fitted to British aircraft, also t h e f i r s t British ground starter Batteries, a n d th e f i r s t \ British moulded battery con­ tainers. When you hear heavy aircraft engines leap into life, or see the navigation lights of aircraft, you can be certain that the energy is provided as a direct result of those pioneer days, which commenced in 1 8 8 2 , when P. & G. and E.P.S. produced the first commercial accumulators. eAir. W atson, please come here ; I want you was the first telephone message ever transmitted, and this illustration shows the instrument invented and REPLATING Ensure long and reliable service used on that memorable occasion in the year 187^, by Alexander Graham Bell. by having your present batteries replated by us. PRITCHETT & GOLD and E .P .S . CO. L T D

— formerly the Electrical Power Storage Co., Ltd. — MADE THE FIRST BATTERIES PG1646

5 0 G r o s v e n o r G a r d e n s , L o n d o n , S.W.l. Phone: SLOane 7164. Grams: Storage, Sowest, London 98 (Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

LANCOMOTORS LIMITED Manufacturing . Electrical • • Engineers . Specialists in the manufacture of COILS Shunt, Series, Commutating, Brake, Armature, etc., etc. Electric Motors and Equipment made to Customers’ Specification

CLOUGH ST., HANLEY STOKE *ON »TRENT TELEPHONE 2378-9

G ir d e x .. L o o k in g to if our future

We have earned a reputation for taking trouble and for delivering the goods on time, even during the war. The firm and its equipment are capable ELECTRICAL of considerable adaptability. W hy not PRODUCTS adapt us to your future Z Mark your letters for the attention of the Managing for Director, who will personally deal STRENGTH with these.

MIISSWORK IVylex ntnst he qood' G irdex lr MACHINING

GEORGE H. SCHOLES GIRDEX ENGINEERING CO. LTD. & CO. LTD. WESTON [LANE, TYSELEY. BIRMINGHAM 11 Phone : Acocks Green 2205 Grams: GIRDEXPRES Wylex Works, Wythenshawe MANCHESTER .1 November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 99

MINERVA ELECTRICAL

I n s u l a t i n g

\ f a r n t s h e s

STOVING VARNISHES [Natural Resin Type) ... Black and Clear STOVING VARNISHES {Synthetic Resin Type) ... Black and Clear THERMO-SETTING VARNISHES Black and Clear All Varnishes conform to AIR-DRYING VARNISHES ...... Black and Clear B.S. Specifications wherever applicable. CLOTH VARNISHES ...... Black and Clear SLEEVING VARNISHES ... Black, Clear and Colours CORE-PLATE VARNISHES [Stoiingand Air-drying) Black and Clear Please submit your problems to COPPER-WIRE ENAMELS ...... Black and Clear our Electrical INSU LATIN G ACID AND HEAT-RESISTING ENAMELS ... All Colours VARNISH TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT. CABLE LACQUERS ♦ MICA BONDING VARNISHES COMPOUNDS PINCHIN JOHNSON 15 CLIFFORD STREIT • LONDON • W.1 T e le p h o n e : R E C e n t 7 4 7 1

MODERN POWER STATION EQUIPMENT

SURFACE AND JET CONDENSING PLAINT DE-AERATORS ; LOW AND HIGH PRESSURE HEATERS STEAM EJECTOR AIR PUMPS CONDENSATE EXTRACTION AND FEED WATER EVAPORATORS CIRCULATING W ATER PUMPS

H I R R L E E S WATSOM iMiiinuiT^^coMpA^jY i p^jTrp^^dáiiiiiiiiiiuiiniuimi ENGINEERS GLASGOW 100 {Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

Index to Advertisers PAGE Acru Electric Tool Manufacturing Co. Ltd ...... 16 Aerialite Ltd ...... 14 Agro Electrical Co. Ltd ...... 73 A ir D ucts L td ...... 101 Arcolectric (Switches) Ltd ...... 116 Austins of East Ham Ltd...... 82 Automatic Coil Winder & Elecl. Equipment Co. Ltd. 85 Avery, W. & T ., L td ...... 78 Bakelite Ltd ...... 28 Barlow-Whitney Ltd ...... 82 Barries Electrical Agencies L td ...... 28 Belling & Co. L td ...... 12 Bendix Home Appliances Ltd ...... 84 B.E.N. Patents Ltd ...... 102 Birkbys L td ...... 25 B olton, T hom as, & Sons L td ...... 23 Braithwaite & Co. Engineers Ltd...... 116 Britannic Electric Cable & Construction Co. L td... 108 British Insulated Callender’s Cables Ltd ...... 9 British N ational Electrics L td ...... 32 British Ropes Ltd ...... 6 British Thomson-Houston Co. Ltd ...... 5 B rooks & Bohm L td ...... 92 Brush Electrical Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 21 Bryterlite Electrical Co. (Glasgow) Ltd ...... 116 Bulpitt & Sons Ltd ...... 92 Burt, Boulton & Haywood Ltd ...... 96 Chamberlain & Hookham Ltd ...... 46 City & Provincial Stores L td ...... 114 Clarke, Chapman & Co. Ltd ...... 104 Clayton, Lewis & Miller Ltd ...... 48 Concordia Electric Wire & Cable Co. Ltd ...... 80 Connollys (Blackley) Ltd ...... 50 Consolidated Pneumatic Tool Co. Ltd ...... 7 Corrugated Packing & Sheet Metal Co. Ltd ...... 30 Crompton Parkinson Ltd 42, 91 & 92 FLEM ING ROAD. SPEKE Cryselco Ltd ...... 31 LIVERPOOL, 19 D acier L td ...... 114 Phone: Hunt's Cross 1217/8 Daly (Condensers) Ltd ...... 118 Davis & Timmins Ltd ...... 120 LONDOn OFFICE : ABFOKD HOUSE, WILTON RD., 8.W.1 Da we Instruments Ltd ...... 78 Telephone : VICTORIA 5957/8 De La Rue Plastics Ltd ...... 13 De Renzi, Holmes & Co. Ltd ...... 77 Dennis, G. P., Ltd...... 100 Dewhurst & Partner Ltd ...... 79 Donovan Electrical Co. Ltd ...... 120 D orm an & Sm ith L td ...... 97 Dowler, L., & Sons...... 82 D rake & G orham W holesale L td ...... 8 Drayton Regulator & Instrument Co. Ltd ...... 108 DS Plugs Ltd ...... 103 D uratu b e & W ire L td ...... 16 Edison Swan Electric Co. Ltd ...... 15 Electro Methods Ltd ...... 112 Electro way H eaters...... 78 Elexcel Ltd ...... 87 Elliott Bros. (London) Ltd ...... 36 Engel & G ibbs L td ...... 94 English Electric Co. Ltd ...... 3 English Numbering Machines Ltd ...... 110 BRAIDING Ensel Electric Co. Ltd ...... 114 Evans, F. W ., L td ...... 112 AND Everett Edgcumbe & Co. Ltd ...... 54 Evershed & Vignoles L td ...... 49 Falco Electrical Appliances Ltd ...... 119 Ferranti Ltd ...... 11 & 109 INSULATING Fitter & Poulton Ltd ...... 108 Fluxite Ltd ...... 22 Geipel, William, Ltd ...... 47 General Electric Co. Ltd ...... Cover i & 58 MACHINERY General Lighting Equipment Co. Ltd ...... 74 Girdex Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 98 Glenfield & Kennedy Ltd Cover iv FOR ELECTRIC Godwin, H. J., Ltd ...... 114 Green, Horace, & Co. Ltd ...... 90 Grey & Marten Ltd ...... 84 WIRES AND CABLES Hailwood & Ackroyd Ltd ...... 79 Harborough Construction Co. Ltd ...... 29 Harcourts Ltd ...... 75 J. B. HYDE & CO. Ltd. Hawkins, L. G., & Co. Ltd ...... 20 H eatrae l_,td ...... 1 Henley’s, W. T., Teiegraph Works Co. Ltd 52 & 101 WYTHENSHAWE Herts Pharmaceuticals Ltd ...... 112 MANCHESTER (Continued on page 102) November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w {Supplement) 10 1

SOLDER electrically

th the S O L O N

Designed by engineers for engineers, the Solon electric soldering iron gives neater, cleaner, more efficient w ork in less time. The heating element is right in sid e the b it ; giving constant heat at the point—where you want it. All internal connections housed at end of handle— away from heat and easy to get at. Complete with 6 ft. of Henley 3-core flexible. Made for the following standard voltages—200/220, 230/250. Model shown is a standard 125 watt round pencil bit Solon. Other sizes and types available. Made in England S 0 L0 N W. T. HENLEY’S TELEGRAPH WORKS CO. LTD. Engineering Dept. SOLDERING IRON for INDUSTRIAL USE 51-53 Hatton Garden, London, E.C.I

Manufactured for the

O BD M STiW

From customers’ specifications Air Ducts will make to order : control and switchgear panels, feeder pillars, telephone boxes and cubicles, busbar chambers, connection boxes, instrument panels, and frames and cases of every description. They work in all sheet metals, including steel, duralumin, alum inium and other non-ferrous metals.

GREAT WEST ROAD. BRENTFORD. TELEPHONE : EALING 6655. TELEGRAPHIC ADDRESS " AIRDUX, BRENTFORD " 102 (Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

Index to Advertisers {Continued from page 100) pagb Heyes & Co. Ltd ...... 105 Heys, Leonard ...... 104 Higgs Motors Ltd ... 24 Howells (Electric Motors) Ltd Cover in H u tc h in so n ...... 30 Hyde, J. B., & C o. L td ...... 100 Igranic Electric Co. Ltd ...... 117 Ingram, Kemp & Joyner...... 96 International Combustion Ltd ...... 20 Isenthal & Co. Ltd ...... 85 Johnson & Phillips Ltd ...... 17 Johnson, Richard, Clapham & Morris Ltd...... 30 Kent Bros. Electric Wire Co. & E. H. Phillips L td... 94 B E N PATENTS LTD. Kimber, B., Allen & Co...... 26 Kirolite (Sales) Ltd ...... 116 HIGH WYCOMBE Lancomotors Ltd ...... 98 Langley Alloys Ltd ...... 106 Legg (Industries) Ltd ...... 80 L inread L td ...... 74 Lister, R. A., & Co. Ltd ...... 45 L itholite Insulators & St. A lbans M ouldings L td 75 L ondex L td ...... 120 London Transformer Products Ltd ...... 34 LET L.P.S. Electrical Co. Ltd ...... 37 HELP Lyons, Claude, Ltd ...... 28 w £ S T 0 0 l Macfarlane Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 95 Machine Tool Electrics Ltd ...... 94 WITH YOUR POST-WAR PROBLEMS ON ALL Macpherson, Donald, & Co. Ltd ...... 110 Marconi Instruments Ltd ...... 22 Electro-Mechanical Apparatus Mather & Platt Ltd ...... 27 Matthews & Yates Ltd ...... 30 McKechnie Bros. Ltd ...... 115 Solenoids and Electro-Magnets M .C .L. & R epetition L td ...... 1 FOR TECHNICAL ADVICE, WRITE Measuring Instruments (Pullin) Ltd...... 86 Mercury Switch Manufacturing Co. Ltd ...... 26 W E ST O O L Lid. Telephone: Metropolitan-Vickers Electrical Co. Ltd ...... 35 & 111 ST HELENS AUCKLAND Midland Dynamo Co. Ltd ...... 73 W EST AUCKLAND Midland Electric Manufacturing Co. Ltd ...... 39 BISHOP AUCKLAND Mirrlees Watson Co. Ltd ...... 99 Co. DURHAM 317 Multicore Solders Ltd ...... 108 Neville’s (Liverpool) Ltd ...... 57 Newman Industries Ltd ...... 43 O’Connor Electrical Industries Ltd ...... 26 ELECTRICAL REVIEW'S- Oliver Pell Control Ltd ...... 116 Parmeko Ltd ...... 115 IINSTRUCTION CHART Parmiter, Hope & Sugden Ltd ...... 103 F O R DEALING WITH APPARENT Partridge Wilson, E., & Co. Ltd ...... 105 P. & B. Engineering C o. L td ...... 96 DEATH FROM ELECTRIC Perm utit Co. L td ...... 113 Phosphor Bronze Co. Ltd ...... 76 SHOCK Pinchin, Johnson & Co. Ltd ...... 99 In accordance with H.O. ELECTRICITY REGULATION 29 Portable Furnace & Patents Co ...... 76 Pritchett & Gold & E.P.S. Co. Ltd ...... *. 97 ELECTRICAL REVIEW s Ä V s Ä T Rawlplug Co. Ltd ...... 56 Rejafix Ltd ...... 90 Revo Electric Co. Ltd ...... 51 PAGE Reyrolle, A., & Co. Ltd ...... 19 Symonds, R. H., Ltd ...... 22 Rich & Pattison (Birmingham) Ltd ...... 48 Robinson, Lionel, & Co. Ltd ...... 45 Thorn Electrical Industries Ltd ...... 107 Ross Courtney & Co. Ltd ...... 1 Thorpe, F. W., Ltd ...... 10 Rowlands Electrical Accessories Ltd ...... 18 Tok Switches Ltd ...... 76 Runbaken Electrical Products...... 120 Tonks, H., &Co ...... 81 Sanders, Wm., & Co. (Wednesbury) Ltd Cover ii Trumeter Co. Ltd ...... 32 Sankey, Joseph, & Sons Ltd ...... 2 Universal Boilers & Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 75 Saxon Components Ltd ...... 86 Vactric Ltd ...... 93 Scholes, George H., & Co. Ltd ...... 98 Veritys Ltd ...... 55 Sheffield Smelting Co. Ltd ...... 86 V.G. Manufacturing Co. Ltd ...... 104 Siemens Electric Lamps & Supplies Ltd ...... 29 Vitavox Ltd ...... 119 Siemens-Schuckert (Great Britain) Ltd ...... 92 Walsall Conduits Ltd ...... 4 Silas Quaker Ltd ...... 77 Ward, Chas. F ...... 76 Sim m onds B ros...... 120 Ward & Goldstone Ltd ...... 53 Simplex Electric Co. Ltd ...... 33 Ward, Thos. W., Ltd ...... 8 Small Electric Motors Ltd ...... 34 WatUffCo. Ltd ...... 89 Smith, Frederick, & Co...... 40 Webber, J. M., & Co. Ltd ...... 84 Smith Meters Ltd ...... 44 Weir, G. & J., Ltd ...... 76 Solenoid Regulator Co...... 110 Welding Industries Ltd ...... 75 Sparklets Ltd ...... 34 Western Model Co. Ltd ...... 112 Spicers Ltd ...... Cover iii Westinghouse Brake & Signal Co. Ltd ...... 41 Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd ...... 38 Westminster Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 1 Sternaw Co. L td ...... 110 W estool L td ...... 102 St. Helens Cable & Rubber Co. Ltd ...... 83 Wireohms Ltd ...... 104 Sturdy Electric Co. Ltd ...... 84 Woods of Colchester Ltd ...... 90 Suflex L td ...... 88 Yorkshire Electric Transformer Co. Ltd ...... 117 November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 103

UNIT TYPE BOARDS PARMITER, HOPE & SUGDEN LTD. Fluvent Electrical Works Longslght, Manchester 12

W rite for Literature

Announcement of D S Plugs Ltd., Ordsal Electrical Works, Manchester, 5 . ER 1046 104 (Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946 LIGHTING PAST & PRESENT i C L A R K E , === Sir Joseph Wilson = Swan invented the === swan lamp in 1879. He was one of the first to produce light CHAPMAN by passing current Iter through a carbon filament. It fl \

There is no finality ito to progress as :o

CrDII IT ONE-PIECE J L K U I I CONNECTORS Distributors: S. O. Bowker Ltd. and GEE (Birmingham) Ltd., Birmingham. V.G. MANUFACTURING CO. LTD. Corst Road, P a rk Royal, London,N.W. 10

rLEONARD f , HEYS (ESTABLISHED 1930 * WHOLESALE ONLY) • WELDING BLOWPIPES AND REQUISITES • ELECTRICAL WOODWORK • DOMESTIC ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES • NON-CMA CABLE, WIRE AND FLEXIBLES Prompt and Personal Service Contractors invited to write for lists to Jaraday House, Henry St., BLACKPOOL^ Arrangement of one of two Clarke, Chapman Tri-drum Watertube Boilers. Evaporation - 120,000 lbs. hr. T H E LARGEST BUYERS OF Working Pressure 300 lbs. sq. in. HEATING ELEMENTS BUY FROM Heating Surface - 12,000 sq. ft.

CLARKE, CHAPMAN & CO. LTD. PEASHILL ROAD VICTORIA WORKS, GATESHEAD 8, Co. DURHAM

TEL. t 72271 <6 LINES) - GRAMS t ‘CYCLOPS’ GATESHEAD N OTTI N G HAM London Office : 112/113 Fenchurch Street, London, E.C.3 WHO SUPPLY ALL TYPES OF ELECTRIC Tel. : Royal 2737/8. Tel. Address: ‘Cyclops * Fen, London ELEMENTS FOR MANUFACTURERS HEY * F November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 105

for every need. When a transformer is required; whatever the ^specification, a ‘ D A V E N S E T ’ product will always meet the most exacting need. We specialise in designing and building to customers' particular requirements, air or oil-cooled Transformers to operate under all conditions and incorporating same care in manufacture that has made all ‘ DAVENSET products world famous for Efficiency and Reliability Your enquiries will be welcomed

arfruige IHtUon I Co. jffi. MANUFACTURING ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS DAVENSET ELECTRICAL WORKS • LEICESTER. MAKERS OF"DAVENSET" RECTIFIERS, SWITCHBOARDS AND BATTERY CHARGING EQUIPMENT ETC.

lliminate those dark DANGER SPOTS * i t h a LACENT 0R PRISMATIC FITTING No property owner can afford the risks which are entailed in a badly lit stair­ case or corridor. If it’s dark it’s dangerous ! Heyes LACENT fittings areavailable in a wide variety of types and finishes, and are tamperproof. Write for LU for fully illustrated leaflet | cat 'ncm H e y e s AGENT: l : F. G. KETELB EY , M.I.E.E. GAZETTE BUILDINGS CORPORATION STREET BIRMINGHAM u e y f r & COMPANY LTD., WATER HEYES ELECTRICAL WORKS. WIGAN 106 ( Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w Sovem ber 15, 1946

f o r SWITCHGEAR

CASTINGS • INGOTS

BILLETS • FORGINGS

& STAMPINGS • ROLLED

DRAWN & FORGED BARS LANGLEY ALLOYS LTD LANGLEY • BUCKS • TELEPHONE LANGLEY 262 (4 lines) November 15, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 107

12 0 NEXT TIME HELL GET AN ATLAS

People who buy lamps are talking about this new Atlas Lamp Adver­ tising. It tells a very human story. That moment of baffled exasperation when a lamp fails suddenly—that is when the public is really lamp conscious. That is when new ATLAS customers are made! The Atlas message is easy to remember. It strikes the right note . . . in the right places ... at the right time. In the leading newspapers and magazines. On the best poster sites... in the best dealers’ windows. Atlas offer the dealer generous discounts and rebates—without restric­ tions. Sales aids include attractive display material and a comprehensive window-dressing service. Give y o u r lamp sales new staying power! Write for Atlas terms today. ATLAS LAMPS f o r s t a y i n g p o w e r Export enquiries welcomed Thorn Electrical Industries Ltd., 105-109 Judd St., London, W.C.I. Phone: EUSton 1183 Northern Branch: Stevenson Square, Manchester, 1. Phone: Central 318S N.E. Depot: 46 Sandhill, Newcastle-on-Tyne I. Phone: Newcastle 24068 108 (Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946 BRITANNIC CABLES © AN INDEPENDENT COMPANY, MAKERS OF E.H.T. AND L.T.

PAPER MAINS CABLES, VARNISHED CAMBRIC C.T.S. MINING

TRAILING, “ IVERITE ” INSULATED CABLES AND THERMO-

PLASTIC CABLES (P.V.C.) FOR 250 VOLT LIGHTING CIRCUITS

FOR BUILDINGS OF ALL TYPES.

BRITANNIC ELECTRIC CABLE AND CONSTRUCTION CO. LTD. IYER, BUCKS. Telephone : Telegrams : IVER 491 “ BRITANNIC. IVER.”

Multicore Solder contains 3 cores of extra active non-corrosive Ersin Flux. PRESSED STEEL No extra flux is required and joints can be readily made on oxidised surfaces. SCREWED FITTINGS The three cores of Ersin Multicore en­ sure rapid melting and flux continuity, thus speeding up soldering operations and eliminating waste. F le xib le M e ta llic T u b in q c o n d u i t y FITTINGS ^^UFITTER t P0ULT0N ltd VINCENT PARADE lififfj) BALSALL HEATH R BIRMINGHAM 12

\ SMALL GEARED MOTOR UNITS

(1) UNIDIRECTIONAL Final Shaft Speed > Max. 280 R.P.M. 60 min. per rev. TORQUE 37 lbs. in. max. (2) REVERSING Final Shaft Speed t Max. 600 MULTICORE SOLDERS LTD. R.P.M. 27 min. per rev. MELLIER HOUSE, ALBEMARLE ST., LONDON, W .i TORQUE 60 lb*, in. max. T e l.: REGent 1411 (P.B.X, 4 lines) DRAYTON REGULATOR & INSTRUMENT CO.LTD.,WEST DRAYTON,MIDDLESEX November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 109 now... the

CLIP-ON MMETER

The Ferranti Dual-Range Clip-on Ammeter —for some years the leading in* strument for easy ‘clip-on’ current measurement — has now a big brotheri The ‘7-Range’ has grown up in the midst of busy war-time production and is now ready to establish a new lead in the quick and easy measurement of currents in A.C,. con­ ductors. 1 10 {Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946 ARE YOU USING <§>

FINE FINISHES? Send for our Experts

Donald M acpherson & C o . LTD.

LONDON Also at MANCHESTER I COCK CHIMNEY WORKS Birmingham, Belfast, 21 ALBION STREET MITCHAM Glasgow and Branches Telephone : M itcham 2963-4 Telephone : C EN tra l 5441-4

ELECTRIC CONTROL GEAR Sm all Instrument Compoyihtfs STERNAW SOLENOID REGULATOR CO. COMPANY LTD 268 MOSELEY ROAD, BIRMINGHAM 12 425 Upper Richmond Rd., East Sheen, London,S.W.14 Telephone: Prospect 7287/8

¿mutters 't/wit reatty (punt ’with the (p it u/iadiny industry.

The exacting demands of coil winding has led to the production of E.N.M. precision counters. They are designed to give accurate recordings and unfailing service at high speeds over very long periods. There is an E.N.M. counter for every purpose where reliable checking is needed. Full details supplied on knowing your requirements. ENGLISH NUMBERING MACHINES, LTD,, 38 BARRETTS GROVE, LONDON, N.16 November 15, 1946 Electrical Review (Supplement) 111 POSITIVE PROTECTION Metrovick Relays

Indispensable for protecting motors driving high inertia loads taking a high and prolonged starting current but invaluable for all motors where pro* tection is desired agai-nst :— • MECHANICAL OVERLOADS • SINGLE PHASING • STALLING • TWO AND THREE PHASE SHORT CIRCUITS • FAULTS TO EARTH

% r cUC fcroirCestisS ¿+v jpu>teictco7L'’ coinSuiC îcKers ELECTRICAL'------" C O LTD. G/H 6 0 I V%jUL^/ ______TRAFFORD PARK - MANCHESTER 17- 112 (Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

To solve the problem of identifying various components quickly, mark them with Lasso Identification Tape. Saves time and labour. No special tools are required. Simply press on with the fingers. Lasso Tape also makes neat permanent name tabs for tools, furniture, containers and plastics. Supplied in 10 yd. rolls, indelibly printed with your own inscriptions. All Lasso Tapes are tested for tensile strength, dura­ bility and electrical resistance, and are resistant to water, oil and solvents. Informative booklet free on request.

LASSOLASTIC LASSOBAND LASSOTHENE LASSOPHANE ■ LASSOVIC LASSOTHYL LASSOFIBRE

PRODUCTS

Pressure Sensitive Tapes FOR SEALING, LABELLING & IDENTIFICATION

HERTS PHARMACEUTICALS LTD., Welwyn Garden City, Herts. Tel: Welwyn Garden 3333 (6 lines) (C2*)

BAKELITE MOULDINGS BI-METAL ERINOID T O A N Y TURNINGS BI-METAL SPECIFICATION FREDERICK W. EVANS LTD. PLASTIC WORKS FABRICATIONS LONG ACRE, BIRMINGHAM 7 TELEPHONE: EASt 128« A 1287 BI-METAL THERMOSTATS Export Enquiries Especially Invited Hard Wood Bloch TO THE ELECTRICAL ENGINEER WHO REQUIRES THE BEST ELECTRO METHODS LTD. W rite: THE WESTERN MODEL CO. LTD. 112 BRENT ST., HENDON, N.W.4 " SANTA FE” WORKS Telephone : GLAdstone 6611-2 FREMINGTON, N. DEVON SEND P.O.FOR 1/6 SAMPLE. PhonelNSTOW 112 November 15, 194«. E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w ( Supplement) 113

Do you need "distilled” water?

Permutit " Deminrolit" Process cuts cost as much as 95%

( i j l ANALYSES OF WATER BEFORE AND AFTER TREATUENT BY PER11UTIT ‘DEMINROLIT’ PLANTS IN COMMERCIAL USE. (lote-A il flitri! lB^Arts per 100.000.)

Plant No. 1 No. 2 No. 3

Water Crude Treated Crude Treated Crude Treated Cations

Calciua Ca 3.2 9.4 10.7 Uagnesiua Ug 0.8 0.36 1.09 Sodiua Na 0.45 0.23 1.0 0.31 1.66 0.44

Total 4.46 0.23 10.76 0.31 13.45 0.44

Anions

Carbonate CO3 4.2 0.24 12.4 0.29 10.5 0.57 Chloride Cl 1.8 0.05 2.5 0 .1 2 2.84 0 3 0 Sulphate S0< 1.35 3.48 0.03 11.95 Nitrate NO3 1.15 Total 7.35 0.30 18.38 0.44 26.44 0.87

Total ions in solution 11.81 0.53 29.14 0.75 39.89 1.31

COST per 1000 gallons 5.22d 9.83d 16.5d

The table shows the composition of some types of water before and after treatment by Permutit’s “ Deminrolit ” Process. Water similar to a distillate is produced by this process at a fraction of the cost Where distilled water was too expensive you can afford “ Deminrolit ” water. The process has been in practical use in Great Bntam for over 7 years. Write for technical publication “ Distilled Water without Distillation ” to

P E R M U T I T C o m p a n y L i m i t e d

Dept T.W., Gunnersbury Avenue, London, W.4. Chiswick 6431. 114 {Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946 MICA DÀCIER LT? 22, Processed Parts Bargates. ’ Precision Gauged iChristchurch, Hants. f a r feJep: Christchurch, JOJ/. fo CONDENSERS, ETCo Electrical Insuiat/on Specialists

'S ä S t f L e . c V J V T C H PUMPS F O R W ELL5& . BOREHOLES OF _ R O B U ST • CONSTRUCTION EVERY DEPTH

m SIMPLE TYPE E.O.E. lor W ells and Boreholes exceeding 25 fc. In depth. Totally enclosed • MECHANISM self-oiling mechanism of Patented design. Precision workmanship throughout. Pump can be supplied complete with 1 h.p. Electric Motor or with fast and loose pulleys for belt • SNAP ACTION drive. Capacities from 58 gallons per hour.

We invite Agents to write for - IMMEDIATE illustrated literature, prices and • D ELIV ER Y • discounts. H. J. GODWIN LTC QUENINGTON, GLOS.

E n s e l E l e c t r i c LTD 314, GRAYS INN R? LONDON,W.C.I TELEPHONE TERMINUS 6255/7

FOR ALL TYPES OF BOXES, CASES, Commercial and Industrial CONTAINERS, INDUSTRIAL AND WOODWORK SCHOLASTIC contact FURNITURE, CABLE DRUMS, City and Provincial Stores, Ltd. INSTRUMENT CASE Queen's Road, Ashton-under-Lyne, Lancashire CABINETS, Phone: Ashton 1941 ETC. SPECIALISTS IN QUANTITY PRODUCTION M e m b e r 15, 1 9 4 6 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 115

so lves many production p r o b le m s

FOR POLISHING THE SPURS ON THE HIGH HEELED BOOTS OF A COWBOY NAMED D'ARCY FROM WYOMING . . .

We have never received quite such a foolish enquiry and we use it only to attract your amused attention and to show There are distinct advantages in the use of hot brass stampings that we make Transformers for compared with rough sand almost every purpose. So no castings. matter how simple your require­ Sometimes machining is elimi­ ments - no matter how small or nated entirely by the employ­ large - do let us have a look ment of McKechnie stamped at the problem next time. parts. Illustrated is a special This may be a reason why “the Transformer for Aeronautical other people ” sometimes seem Research designed for operation to be producing quicker, cheaper and even better than you had at three cycles per second. thought possible. ■P PARMEKO LIMITED OF LEICESTER. M C K e c h n ie MAKERS OF TRANSFORMERS. BROS. LTD. ROTTON PARK ST., BIRMINGHAM, 16 'Phone: Edghaston 3501 (7 lines) Branches : London — 62, Brook Street, W.l. ’Phone: Mayfair 6182/3/4. Leeds — Prudential Buildings, Park Row. ’P hone: Le.eds 23044. M a n c h e s te r — 509-513, Corn Exchange Buildings, 4. ’Phone: Blackfriars 5094. Newcastle- on-Tyne—90, Pilgrim Street. ’Phone: Newcastle 22718. 116 {Supplement) E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w November 15, 1946

Cables • Flexibles • Wiring Accessories Bakelite Accessories • Irons Kettles • Toasters • Fires • Convectors Vacuum Cleaners • Fans • Lamps Fluorescent Fittings and Control Gear Public Address Equipment Wireless Accessories • Square and Round Hollow ware for Electric Cookers TECHNICAL EXHIBITION KELVIN HALL, GLASGOW Nov.TincL) Visit our Stand No.CC3

39-43 R O B ERTSO N STR EET, G LA SG O W , C.2 II COLLEGE SQUARE NORTH, BELFAST 66 CARTER LANE, LONDON, E.C.4 2-4 YOUNG STREET, ABERDEEN BRYTERLITE ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES LTD. J e l e p h o n e . WOOIWICH 1422 59 DAME STREET, DUBLIN CAMBRIDGE ROW WOOIWICH S E IS

Why not fit a GOOD S w it c h ?

Write for Catalogue ARCOLECTRIC (SWITCHES) LTD. EDWIN ROAD, TWICKENHAM

Pressed Steel Tanks by

ELECTRIC LIGHTING FITTINGS BRAITHWAITE Pendants, Wall Brackets, Table Standards, etc. & CO ENGINEERS LTD in Wood and Wrought Iron of Distinctive Designs KINGS HOUSE HAYMARKET S.W.l KIROLITE (SALES) LTD. Telephone: WHItehall 3993 Telegrams : Bromkirk-Phone 15 Bury St., London, E.C.3. Tel.: Avenue 1443 November 15, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 117

m a m

Equip your electrically driven'machines with the “ right ” control gear— IGRANIC, which will give positive protection to motor and machine and keep them working to secure maximum production.

Illustration shows IGRANIC Contacter Panel for control of Travel motion of 6-ton Slab Charger for Steel Mill.

IGRANIC ELECTRIC C?LTD BEDFORD & LONDON

ELECTRIC TRA| MER C? L1 PHOME. DEWS. 1691-2 DEWSBUR 1 18 ( Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 1 5 , 1 9 4 6

E l« « f o r y m éM e t e t S o s e s

sation îjlwàfe propices the It is because^)ALYj»«(nufacture only electrolytic coąden&rs that their world-wide reputation in^he electrical field stands so high. DAŁY build for all el^trictd require­ ments and welcome dmicjjle electro­ lytic problems, pmjàrtgthemselves on the flęjHhility^jtfroeir organisation and ,6/e special typefc. ^ ENEHAL TYPES— \

TY PE NO. CAPACITY VOLTS (R.M.S.) P.M. 12/6 30 MFD 110 V. { P.M. 45/6 6« MFD ,, \ P.M. 49/6 100 MFD « / P.M. 51/6 130 MFD ... 1 P.M. 52/6 ISO MFD « 1 P.M. $5/6 200 MFD M P.M. 45/8 60 MFD 240 V. C TYPE NO. P.M., 12/8 30 MFD P.M. 4 / 8 P.M. 9/8 20 MFD P.M. 41/8 50 MFD DALY (CONDENSE£«f LT West Lodge W orks, The Green, Ealing, Lond Phone: Ealing 4841. November 15, 1 9 4 6 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w CSupplement) 119 S tead y as a Rock! VITAVOX MICROPHONE STANDS have been designed, not only to look attractive in all surroundings, but to do the all- important job of holding that microphone ‘ steady as a rock.’ Built, as usual with all our products, in traditional VITAVO X quality. Obtainable from your usual Vitavox wholesaler. If any difficulty is experienced, please write direct to us.

DESK MODEL . . . designed for use when the speaker is seated. Finish — Black and Bronze Crackle. Retail price...... £1 Is. Od.

" / ' ‘

BANQUET MODEL A magnificent job 1 . . . designed for occa­ sions when the speaker As with all Falco products, the beauty is to stand at a table. of this new electric cooker grows out Extension 17- 24 ins. Finish—Black and Chro­ of functional efficiency. Every part is mium, or Florentine soundly conceived and fashioned to fulfil Bronze. its purpose. Points of particular interest Retail price .. £2 15s. Od. are:—entire absence of dirt-traps (no awkward corners or protrusions); drop­ down oven door to facilitate the handling PEDESTAL MODEL of hot pans and dishes; a utility drawer . . . dignified floor stand for keeping sundry appliances handy. extending from 4 - 7 ft. Cable through stand. Finished as Banquet Model. Retail price .... £4 5s. Od. FALC O'»

- z s i / ¿ s i e ć / ELECTRIC COOKER MICROPHONE STANDS \ FALCO ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES LTD VITAVOX LIMITED (Prop. : Allied. Ironfounders Ltd.) COALBROOKDALE, SHROPSHIRE rmttmo f j WESTMORELAND ROAD, LONDON, N.W.9 T E L E P H O N E : CO Lindale 8671 1 2 0 ( Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w November 1 5 , 1 9 4 6

CONTROL CHOKES FOR FLUORESCENT TUSES All makers and dealers in electricalj equipment, service engineers and NOW IN PRODUCTION repairers need this portable Flash Tester. ENQUIRIES INVITED Detects faults at 1,000 to 2,000 volts. Send for interesting-leaflet SIMMONDS BROS. Q 53. " A ll about Flash Testing.” BEDCOTE MILL, STOURBRIDGE Telephone : S TO U R B R ID G E 57730 mm LO N D O N : R. B. Whlttick, A.M.I.E.E. RUNBAKEN - MANCHESTER -1 ' Abford House, W ilton Road, S.W .I. Telephone: VICTO RIA 6957-8______

L O N D E X ■— PROCESS TIMERS Illustration shows SP EC IA L B IT E AND 6R IP mechanism of Pro­ INTO TUBE OR ARMOURING cess Timer PR/D with 20 cams and Note the tongue w hich interchangeable ensures perfect snd gearing. Each circuit permanent contact. can be provided Easy to fix. Nuts with different time cannot turn. All sizes characteristics. from half to two inches. THE Ask fo r /eaflet 92B/ER DONOVAN ELECTRICAL CO. IIRMINGHAM 9. LTD. LONDEX LTD STD,SHAM MANUFACTURERS OF RELAYS 6258-9 207 ANERLEY ROAD LONDON S.E.20 November 15, 1 9 4 6 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w iii

THE LIGHTWEIGHT INSULATOR

An ideal material that can bejspecified with confidence for any job requiring an insulator combining mechanical strength with high dielectrical properties. Manufactured to B.S.S. 972, 668 and 1137, etc.

Our technical staff can help you with your problems SPICERS LTD.

19 NEW BRIDGE STREET, LONDON, E.C.4. CENTRAL 4211 Ext.

“ POWERED BY HOWELLS” No. I

m u ' PULLEY BLOCKS

dm H .E .2 November 15, 1946

THE GLEN FI ELD SELF - CLE A NING ROTARY WATER STRAINER River or other water used for process purposes in Mills, Works, etc., can be most economically and thoroughly cleaned with the Peebles Patent Rotary Water Strainer, which can be supplied to deal with any quantity of water, the mesh of the gauze being de­ termined by the impurities in the water. The screen is always interposed in the stream, and is con­ stantly and automatically cleaned, thus eliminating the tedious and constant manual cleaning necessary with screen­ ing frames or dual filters. These machines are driven through suitable gearing by a water motor working at a pressure of only 7 to 10 lb. per square inch, but electric drive can be sub­ stituted if preferred. Full particulars A fully descriptive booklet will be sent post free on will gladly be sent demand. on request

GIENFIELD & KENNEDY. LIMITED. KILMARNOCK

Head Office & Works : KILM ARNOCK, SCO TLAN D

Printed in Great Britain at T h e Ch a p e l R iv e r P r e s s , Andover, Hants, and published by E lec t r ic a l R e v ie w , L im it e d , at Dorset House, Stamford Street, London, S.E.l.