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Chapter Three: Jamestown

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Chapter Three: Jamestown REPRODUCIBLE 35 CHAPTER Parents THREE: JAMESTOWN What Are We Studying Now? Questions to Ask to Help The story of our modern American nation began right Prepare for the Test here in Virginia, in a swampy place that a group of weary English settlers named Jamestown. Students will learn SOL Essential Questions : about the first permanent English settlement, discuss the • What were the reasons for English reasons for the settlement, experience life there, learn colonization in America? about the system of government, and understand the • What were the reasons why the settlers’ interactions with the native peoples. Jamestown settlers came to America? Great Places to Visit to Enhance Learning • Where is Jamestown located? • Historic Jamestown in Colonial National Park is the • Why did the settlers choose the original site of the Jamestown Settlement. It is operated by site at Jamestown? the National Park Service. • What was the importance of the • Jamestown Settlement is adjacent to the original site. It charters of the Virginia Company of is a private living history museum with a reconstructed London to the Jamestown settler’s fort, ships, a Powhatan village, and museum. Settlement? • Henricus Historical Park in Chester is a recreation of • What was Jamestown’s system of the second English settlement, the Citie of Henricus. government called? • What was the House of Burgesses, Talk About It! and why was it important? • Share examples of the space race or the current race for • What was the impact of the arrival alternative fuels. Talk about the political and economic of Africans on the Jamestown motivations behind these challenges. Draw a connection Settlement? from these current events to Europe’s motivation for • What was the impact of the arrival exploration and settlement in the 1600s. of additional women on the Jamestown Settlement? • Discuss what types of people you would want to bring with you on an exploration to Jamestown. For fun, decide • What hardships did the Jamestown settlers face? which family members and friends would be great for this • task and which would be better staying in England. What changes took place that resulted in the survival of the settlers? • Imagine your family lived in Jamestown. Determine the • roles each family member would take. How did the native peoples and the English settlers interact? • Brainstorm a list of reasons why families make your • community stronger. Why did the relationship between the settlers and the native peoples • Recall a time your immediate or extended family found change? itself in a challenge that was harder than you had expected. • How did the Powhatan contribute Discuss how your family handled the situation. to the survival of the settlers? ©2010, Five Ponds Press. All Rights Reserved REPRODUCIBLE 36 Essential Knowledge for Chapter Three (VS.3) The student will demonstrate knowledge of the first permanent English Settlement by: a) explaining the reasons for English colonization. • The current Virginia General Assembly dates from the • England wanted to establish an American colony to establishment of the House of Burgesses at Jamestown in increase its wealth and power. 1619. • e) identifying the importance of the arrival of Africans England hoped to find silver and gold in America. • and women to the Jamestown Settlement. An American settlement would furnish raw materials that • could not be grown or obtained in England, while opening Portuguese sailors captured African men and women from new markets for trade. what is present-day Angola. The status of these early African • Jamestown was primarily an economic venture. men and women as either servants or slaves in Virginia is • The stockholders of the Virginia Company of London unknown. • financed the settlement of Jamestown. Africans arrived in Jamestown against their will in 1619. • • Jamestown became the first permanent English settlement The arrival of Africans made it possible to expand the in North America in 1607. tobacco economy. b) describing how geography influenced the decision • The arrival of additional women in 1620 made it possible to settle at Jamestown. for more settlers to establish families and a permanent • When the settlers arrived in 1607, Jamestown was located settlement at Jamestown. f) describing the hardships faced by the settlers at on a narrow peninsula bordered on three sides by the James Jamestown and the changes that took place to ensure River. Today, Jamestown is located on an island in the James survival. River. • • Instructions told the settlers to go inland and find a The site they chose to live on was marshy and lacked safe suitable place for their colony. drinking water. • • The location could be easily defended from attack by sea The settlers lacked some skills necessary to provide for (by the Spanish). themselves. • • The water along the shore was deep enough for ships to Many settlers died of starvation and disease. • dock. The arrival of supply ships, the forced work program and • They believed they had a good supply of fresh water. strong leadership of Captain John Smith, and the emphasis on c) identifying the importance of the charters of the agriculture resulted in the survival of the colony. Virginia Company of London in establishing the g) describing the interactions between the English Jamestown Settlement. settlers and the native peoples, including the • contributions of Powhatan to the survival of the The King of England granted charters to the Virginia settlers. Company of London to establish a settlement in North • America and extend English rights to the settlers. Captain John Smith initiated trading relationships with the d) identifying the importance of the General Assembly native peoples. (1619) as the first representative legislative body in • The native peoples mainly traded food with the English in English America. exchange for tools, pots, and copper for jewelry. • • In 1619 the governor of Virginia called a meeting of the The native peoples contributed to the survival of the General Assembly. The General Assembly included two Jamestown settlers in several ways. • representatives (called “burgesses”) from each of the Powhatan, chief of many tribes, provided leadership to his divisions of Virginia along with the governor’s council and people and taught the settlers survival skills. • the governor. They met as one legislative body. (At that time, Pocahontas, daughter of Powhatan, served as a contact only certain free adult men had a right to take part.) between the native peoples and the English. • • By the 1640s, the burgesses became a separate legislative The native peoples showed the settlers how to plant corn body, called the House of Burgesses. They met separately and tobacco. • from the Governor’s Council as one of the two legislative Over time, the native peoples realized the English bodies of the General Assembly. settlement would continue to grow. • • The House of Burgesses was the first elected legislative The native peoples came to see the settlers as invaders body in English America giving settlers the opportunity to who would take over their land. control their own government. ©2010, Five Ponds Press. All Rights Reserved.
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