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Lubber Grasshoppers, Romalea Microptera (Beauvois), Orient to Plant Odors in a Wind Tunnel
J. B. HELMS, C. M. BOOTH, J. RIVERA, J. A. SIEGLER,Journal S. WUELLNER,of Orthoptera D. W. Research WHITMAN 2003,12(2): 135-140135 Lubber grasshoppers, Romalea microptera (Beauvois), orient to plant odors in a wind tunnel JEFF B. HELMS, CARRIE M. BOOTH, JESSICA RIVERA, JASON A. SIEGLER, SHANNON WUELLNER, AND DOUGLAS W. WHITMAN 4120 Department of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract We tested the response of individual adult lubber grasshoppers in a wind tion, palpation, and biting often increase in the presence of food tunnel to the odors of 3 plant species and to water vapor. Grasshoppers moved odors (Kennedy & Moorhouse 1969, Mordue 1979, Chapman upwind to the odors of fresh-mashed narcissus and mashed Romaine lettuce, but not to water vapor, or in the absence of food odor. Males and females 1988, Chapman et al. 1988). Grasshoppers will also retreat from showed similar responses. Upwind movement tended to increase with the the odors of deterrent plants or chemicals (Kennedy & Moorhouse length of starvation (24, 48, or 72 h). The lack of upwind movement to water 1969, Chapman 1974). However, the most convincing evidence vapor implies that orientation toward the mashed plants was not simply an that grasshoppers use olfaction in food search comes from wind orientation to water vapor. These results support a growing data base that tunnel and olfactometer experiments, showing that grasshoppers suggests that grasshoppers can use olfaction when foraging in the wild. can orient upwind in response to food odors. To date, 3 grass- hopper species, Schistocerca gregaria, S. -
Evaluating the Spatial Distribution of Dociostaurus Maroccanus Egg Pods Using Different Sampling Designs
Bulletin of Insectology 65 (2): 223-231, 2012 ISSN 1721-8861 Evaluating the spatial distribution of Dociostaurus maroccanus egg pods using different sampling designs 1 2 3 Ferdinando BALDACCHINO , Andrea SCIARRETTA , Rocco ADDANTE 1Department UTTRI-BIOTEC – ENEA C.R. Trisaia, Rotondella, Italy 2Department of Animal, Vegetal and Environmental Science - University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy 3Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology and Chemistry - University of Bari, Italy Abstract In its gregarious phase the locust Dociostaurus maroccanus (Thunberg) (Orthoptera Acrididae) has periodically caused significant yield losses in many Mediterranean and Asian countries, and alarm in the general public. Population outbreaks in recent years have frequently required the application of control measures, based on those that have low environmental impact, which are only possible with a sound knowledge of locust bio-ethology and ecology. Our research was aimed at studying the spatial distribution of D. maroccanus egg pods in two Apulian egg bed areas in southern Italy, thus contributing to the rationalization of control methods. The distribution of D. maroccanus egg pods was investigated using a geostatistical approach. Three sampling designs (called A, B and C), characterized by different mesh and clod sizes, were compared to evaluate their effectiveness and afforda- bility. In both egg bed areas, the variogram models were asymptotic with a small nugget effect, and indicated an aggregated dis- tribution of egg pods. Contour maps showed that design A, based on a larger mesh and clod size, was characterized by few hot spots and an extended zone of “low density” egg pods, while design B, involving a smaller mesh and clod size, showed a more structured distribution, with various hot spots alternating with zero level zones. -
Elements for the Sustainable Management of Acridoids of Importance in Agriculture
African Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 7(2), pp. 142-152, 12 January, 2012 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJAR DOI: 10.5897/AJAR11.912 ISSN 1991-637X ©2012 Academic Journals Review Elements for the sustainable management of acridoids of importance in agriculture María Irene Hernández-Zul 1, Juan Angel Quijano-Carranza 1, Ricardo Yañez-López 1, Irineo Torres-Pacheco 1, Ramón Guevara-Gónzalez 1, Enrique Rico-García 1, Adriana Elena Castro- Ramírez 2 and Rosalía Virginia Ocampo-Velázquez 1* 1Department of Biosystems, School of Engineering, Queretaro State University, C.U. Cerro de las Campanas, Querétaro, México. 2Department of Agroecology, Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, México. Accepted 16 December, 2011 Acridoidea is a superfamily within the Orthoptera order that comprises a group of short-horned insects commonly called grasshoppers. Grasshopper and locust species are major pests of grasslands and crops in all continents except Antarctica. Economically and historically, locusts and grasshoppers are two of the most destructive agricultural pests. The most important locust species belong to the genus Schistocerca and populate America, Africa, and Asia. Some grasshoppers considered to be important pests are the Melanoplus species, Camnula pellucida in North America, Brachystola magna and Sphenarium purpurascens in northern and central Mexico, and Oedaleus senegalensis and Zonocerus variegatus in Africa. Previous studies have classified these species based on specific characteristics. This review includes six headings. The first discusses the main species of grasshoppers and locusts; the second focuses on their worldwide distribution; the third describes their biology and life cycle; the fourth refers to climatic factors that facilitate the development of grasshoppers and locusts; the fifth discusses the action or reaction of grasshoppers and locusts to external or internal stimuli and the sixth refers to elements to design management strategies with emphasis on prevention. -
Grasshoppers and Locusts (Orthoptera: Caelifera) from the Palestinian Territories at the Palestine Museum of Natural History
Zoology and Ecology ISSN: 2165-8005 (Print) 2165-8013 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tzec20 Grasshoppers and locusts (Orthoptera: Caelifera) from the Palestinian territories at the Palestine Museum of Natural History Mohammad Abusarhan, Zuhair S. Amr, Manal Ghattas, Elias N. Handal & Mazin B. Qumsiyeh To cite this article: Mohammad Abusarhan, Zuhair S. Amr, Manal Ghattas, Elias N. Handal & Mazin B. Qumsiyeh (2017): Grasshoppers and locusts (Orthoptera: Caelifera) from the Palestinian territories at the Palestine Museum of Natural History, Zoology and Ecology, DOI: 10.1080/21658005.2017.1313807 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21658005.2017.1313807 Published online: 26 Apr 2017. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tzec20 Download by: [Bethlehem University] Date: 26 April 2017, At: 04:32 ZOOLOGY AND ECOLOGY, 2017 https://doi.org/10.1080/21658005.2017.1313807 Grasshoppers and locusts (Orthoptera: Caelifera) from the Palestinian territories at the Palestine Museum of Natural History Mohammad Abusarhana, Zuhair S. Amrb, Manal Ghattasa, Elias N. Handala and Mazin B. Qumsiyeha aPalestine Museum of Natural History, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine; bDepartment of Biology, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY We report on the collection of grasshoppers and locusts from the Occupied Palestinian Received 25 November 2016 Territories (OPT) studied at the nascent Palestine Museum of Natural History. Three hundred Accepted 28 March 2017 and forty specimens were collected during the 2013–2016 period. -
Biological Assessment of the Patapsco River Tributary Watersheds, Howard County, Maryland
Biological Assessment of the Patapsco River Tributary Watersheds, Howard County, Maryland Spring 2003 Index Period and Summary of Round One County- Wide Assessment Patuxtent River April, 2005 Final Report UT to Patuxtent River Biological Assessment of the Patapsco River Tributary Watersheds, Howard County, Maryland Spring 2003 Index Period and Summary of Round One County-wide Assessment Prepared for: Howard County, Maryland Department of Public Works Stormwater Management Division 6751 Columbia Gateway Dr., Ste. 514 Columbia, MD 21046-3143 Prepared by: Tetra Tech, Inc. 400 Red Brook Blvd., Ste. 200 Owings Mills, MD 21117 Acknowledgement The principal authors of this report are Kristen L. Pavlik and James B. Stribling, both of Tetra Tech. They were also assisted by Erik W. Leppo. This document reports results from three of the six subwatersheds sampled during the Spring Index Period of the third year of biomonitoring by the Howard County Stormwater Management Division. Fieldwork was conducted by Tetra Tech staff including Kristen Pavlik, Colin Hill, David Bressler, Jennifer Pitt, and Amanda Richardson. All laboratory sample processing was conducted by Carolina Gallardo, Shabaan Fundi, Curt Kleinsorg, Chad Bogues, Joey Rizzo, Elizabeth Yarborough, Jessica Garrish, Chris Hines, and Sara Waddell. Taxonomic identification was completed by Dr. R. Deedee Kathman and Todd Askegaard; Aquatic Resources Center (ARC). Hunt Loftin, Linda Shook, and Brenda Decker (Tetra Tech) assisted with budget tracking and clerical support. This work was completed under the Howard County Purchase Order L 5305 to Tetra Tech, Inc. The enthusiasm and interest of the staff in the Stormwater Management Division, including Howard Saltzman and Angela Morales is acknowledged and appreciated. -
Invertebrate Species List E Xcluding Papilionoidea (Butterflies )
Invertebrate Species List E xcluding Papilionoidea (Butterflies ) Higher Classification1 Kingdom: Animalia Phyllum (P:), Class (C:), Order (O:) and Family (F:)3 Taxa Identified1 English Name2 P: Annelida Segmented Worms C: Oligochaeta Oligochaeta sp. Night Crawlers P: Arthropoda Arthropods C: Arachnida Arachnids O: Araneae Spiders F: Agelenidae Agelenidae sp. Funnel Weavers F: Anyphaenidae Anyphaenidae sp. Ghost Spiders F: Araneidae Araneidae sp. Orb Weavers F: Clubionidae Clubionidae sp. Sac Spiders F: Ctenidae Ctenidae sp. Wandering Spiders F: Dictynidae Dictynidae sp. Meshweavers F: Dipluridae Dipluridae sp. Funnelweb Spiders F: Gnaphosidae Gnaphosidae sp. Stealthy Ground Spiders F: Linyphiidae Linyphiidae sp. Sheetweb Weavers F: Lycosidae Lycosidae sp. Wold Spiders F: Pholcidae Pholcidae sp. Daddy Long-legs Spiders F: Salticidae Salticidae sp. Jumping Spiders F: Tetragnathidae Tetragnathidae sp. Long-jawed Orb Weavers F: Theridiidae Theridiidae sp. Comb-footed Spiders F: Thomisidae Thomisidae sp. Crab Spiders O: Opiliones Opiliones spp. Daddy Longlegs & Harvestmen O: Pseudoscorpiones Pseudoscorpiones sp. Pseudoscorpions iC: Acari Acari sp. Mites supO: Parasitiformes Parasitiformes sp. Ticks C: Chilopoda Chilopoda sp. Centipedes C: Diplopoda Diplopoda sp. Millipedes O: Polydesmida F: Polydesmidae Polydesmus python C: Entognatha Entognathids O: Collembola Springtails F: Poduridae Poduridae sp. Water Springtails F: Sminthuridae Sminthuridae sp. Globular Springtails subO: Entomobryomorpha Entomobryomorpha sp. F: Entomobryidae Entomobryidae sp. Slender Springtails F: Isotomidae Isotomidae sp. Smooth Springtails O: Diplura Diplura sp. O: Protura Protura sp. Proturans Page 1 of 7 Cloudbridge Nature Reserve, Costa Rica Last Updated: August 28, 2018 Invertebrate Species List E xcluding Papilionoidea (Butterflies ) Phyllum (P:), Class (C:), Order (O:) and Family (F:)3 Taxa Identified1 English Name2 P: Arthropoda (cont’d) Arthropods C: Insecta Insects O: Blattodea Cockroaches F: Blattidae Blattidae sp. -
Orthoptera: Acrididae)
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/119560; this version posted March 22, 2017. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 2 Ecological drivers of body size evolution and sexual size dimorphism 3 in short-horned grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) 4 5 Vicente García-Navas1*, Víctor Noguerales2, Pedro J. Cordero2 and Joaquín Ortego1 6 7 8 *Corresponding author: [email protected]; [email protected] 9 Department of Integrative Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Avda. Américo 10 Vespucio s/n, Seville E-41092, Spain 11 12 13 Running head: SSD and body size evolution in Orthopera 14 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/119560; this version posted March 22, 2017. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 15 Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is widespread and variable in nature. Although female-biased 16 SSD predominates among insects, the proximate ecological and evolutionary factors promoting 17 this phenomenon remain largely unstudied. Here, we employ modern phylogenetic comparative 18 methods on 8 subfamilies of Iberian grasshoppers (85 species) to examine the validity of 19 different models of evolution of body size and SSD and explore how they are shaped by a suite 20 of ecological variables (habitat specialization, substrate use, altitude) and/or constrained by 21 different evolutionary pressures (female fecundity, strength of sexual selection, length of the 22 breeding season). -
Biochemical Characterization of Digestive Carbohydrases in Moroccan Locust, Dociostaurus Maroccanus Thunberg (Orthoptera: Acrididae)
Arthropods, 2020, 9(4): 119-128 Article Biochemical characterization of digestive carbohydrases in Moroccan locust, Dociostaurus maroccanus Thunberg (Orthoptera: Acrididae) Bahareh Rafiei1, 3, Mohammad Ghadamyari2, Sohrab Imani3, Vahid Hosseininaveh4, Ali Ahadiyat3, 5 Mahboobeh Sharifi 1Plant Protection Research Department, Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran 2Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran 3Department of Entomology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 4Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran 5Plant Protection Rresearch Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran E-mail: [email protected] Received 6 July 2020; Accepted 8 August 2020; Published 1 December 2020 Abstract The Moroccan locust, Dociostaurus maroccanus (Thunberg), is an agricultural pest which has caused considerable agricultural damage and economic importance. α-/β-Glucosidases and α-/β-Galactosidases are essential enzymes in the carbohydrate digestion of insect pest. Characterization of digestive enzymes is essential for gathering knowledge to production of resistant plants, in this research α-/β-Glucosidases and α-/β- Galactosidase from D. maroccanus. Results showed that the activities of α-/β-Glucosidases were higher than those of α-/β-Galactosidase in digestive system Moroccan locust. Maximum activity for α-Glucosidase was at pH 4. Optimum activity for β-Glucosidases and α-/β-Galactosidase were found at pH 5. The D. maroccanus α- /β-Glucosidases and α-/β-Galactosidases have an optimum temperature activity at 45, 55, 45, and 55°C, respectively. -
Ancyronyx Reticulatus and A. Pulcherrimus, Two New Riffle Beetle Species from Borneo, and Discussion About Elmid Plastron Structures (Coleoptera: Elmidae)
Zootaxa 3760 (3): 383–395 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3760.3.5 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0C122F35-D2F7-483C-AF12-BAB5B7F8682B Ancyronyx reticulatus and A. pulcherrimus, two new riffle beetle species from Borneo, and discussion about elmid plastron structures (Coleoptera: Elmidae) JÁN KODADA1, MANFRED A. JÄCH2 & FEDOR ČIAMPOR JR3,4 1Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Science, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina B-1, SK-842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia. E-mail: [email protected] 2Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Burgring 7, A-1010 Wien, Austria. E-mail: [email protected] 3Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 06 Bratislava, Slovakia. E-mail: [email protected] 4Corresponding author Abstract Two new species of Ancyronyx Erichson, 1847 (Coleoptera: Elmidae) are described from Borneo: A. pulcherrimus (Bru- nei) and A. reticulatus (Sabah). Habitus views, illustrations of important characters as well as plastron structures of Ancy- ronyx reticulatus are presented and discussed. Key words: Coleoptera, Elmidae, Ancyronyx, new species, morphology, Borneo Introduction The first taxonomic review of Ancyronyx Erichson, 1847 was published almost 150 years after the description of the genus (Jäch 1994), followed by descriptions of several additional new species and descriptions of larvae (Jäch 2003, 2004; Freitag & Jäch 2007, Freitag & Balke 2011, Bian et al. 2012 and Freitag 2012). Based on several newly described species, especially from the Philippines, the morphological characteristics of the genus were modified and some important character states had to be added (see Freitag 2012). -
Unknown Species and Larval Stages of Extremely Long-Legged Beetles Discovered by DNA Test 18 October 2011
Unknown species and larval stages of extremely long-legged beetles discovered by DNA test 18 October 2011 study was realized in cooperation with the Palawan Council for Sustainable Development and the De La Salle University Manila. The scientists conducting this study, Hendrik Freitag and Michael Balke, used mitochondrial DNA, which should be identical in all developmental stages in a species, to assign the previously unknown larval stages to adult imagines. This method was very useful because the outside appearance of immature and mature stages of holometabolous insects look completely different and would not allow an easy assignment to each other. The extremely long legs and cross-like elytral color patterns of Ancyronyx beetles remind of spiders. Credit: H. Freitag (2007) The unknown larval stages and a new species of the curious Spider Water Beetles were described after their assignment by DNA sequences. These taxonomic works are groundwork for the development of water quality bioindicator systems This is a Philippine Spider Water Beetle in frontal view. in the tropics. This study of the AQUA Palawana Credit: H. Freitag (2009) biodiversity program in the Philippines was published in the journal ZooKeys. The research program AQUA Palawana has been The studied insects of the genus Ancyronyx have exploring the unique freshwater biodiversity of the extremely long legs, often accompanied by an eye- Philippine Island and biosphere reserve of catching cross-like elytral colour pattern, so that Palawan for more than a decade. Scientists from they remind of spiders. In point of fact they are the Senckenberg Museum of Zoology Dresden and "Riffle Beetles" (Elmidae) that are able to breathe the Bavarian State Collections of Zoology in through a plastron, a microfilm of air around their Munich have now described larvae and a new body surface that is microscopically enlarged by species of the curious Spider Water Beetles setose structures. -
Connecting the Dots: a Food Web of the Lower Ogeechee River
Georgia Southern University Digital Commons@Georgia Southern Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of Summer 2017 Connecting the Dots: A Food Web of the Lower Ogeechee River Allison K. Lutz Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd Part of the Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons Recommended Citation Lutz, Allison K., "Connecting the Dots: A Food Web of the Lower Ogeechee River" (2017). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1624. https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/1624 This thesis (open access) is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of at Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CONNECTING THE DOTS: A FOOD WEB OF THE LOWER OGEECHEE RIVER by ALLISON LUTZ (Under the Direction of Checo Colón-Gaud) ABSTRACT The Ogeechee is a fifth order river that originates in the Georgia Piedmont region and flows through the Coastal Plain region in the Southeastern portion of the state. The Ogeechee is one of the last unregulated rivers in Georgia; allowing for studies to occur under a natural flow regime. To my knowledge, studies that incorporate fish into ecological networks (e.g., food webs) are yet to be developed for the Ogeechee River, thus, one of the main objectives of this research was to address this knowledge gap. Five fish species were collected from June 2016 to October 2016 in order to construct a connectance food web in the Ogeechee to understand the role (i.e., trophic interactions) of major fish feeding guilds in relation to each other and to other consumer groups (i.e., macroinvertebrates) present in the river. -
Diversity of Grasshoppers (Caelifera) Recorded on the Banks of a Ramsar Listed Temporary Salt Lake in Algeria
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGYENTOMOLOGY ISSN (online): 1802-8829 Eur. J. Entomol. 113: 158–172, 2016 http://www.eje.cz doi: 10.14411/eje.2016.020 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Diversity of grasshoppers (Caelifera) recorded on the banks of a Ramsar listed temporary salt lake in Algeria SARAH MAHLOUL1, ABBOUD HARRAT 1 and DANIEL PETIT 2, * 1 Laboratoire de biosystématique et écologie des arthropodes, Université Mentouri Constantine I, route d’Ain-El-Bey, 25000 Constantine, Algeria; e-mails: [email protected], [email protected] 2 UMR 1061 INRA, Université de Limoges, 123, avenue A. Thomas, 87060 Limoges cedex, France; e-mail: [email protected] Key words. Caelifera, grasshopper, Dericorys, Calliptamus, temporary salt lake, halophytes, food sources, dispersal, Algeria Abstract. The chotts in Algeria are temporary salt lakes recognized as important wintering sites of water birds but neglected in terms of the diversity of the insects living on their banks. Around a chott in the wetland complex in the high plains near Constan- tine (eastern Algeria), more than half of the species of plants are annuals that dry out in summer, a situation that prompted us to sample the vegetation in spring over a period of two years. Three zones were identifi ed based on an analysis of the vegetation and measurements of the salt content of the soils. Surveys carried out at monthly intervals over the course of a year revealed temporal and spatial variations in biodiversity and abundance of grasshoppers. The inner zone is colonized by halophilic plants and only one grasshopper species (Dericorys millierei) occurs there throughout the year.