History of Boroughs and Towkships

HISTORY OF BOROUGHS AND TOWKSHIPS.

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH.

THE history of Uniontown properly begins with by some; but evidence which appears conclusive is the gear 1567, when Thomas Douthet and Henry found in a deed dated Feb. 13, l7SE, from Henry Bee- Beeson (the latter a Quaker) came from Virginia to son to Jacob Beeson, of certain land, " including my this section of' country and selected lands within the improvement made in 1768, near Thorns Douthet. limits of the present borough. It is evident that . . . " Theimprovement here mentionedincluded the Douthet settled or "squatted" Qn his land immedi- log house which he first occupied here, situated west ately after selecting it,'-for his name is mentioned in of Campbell's Run, and near the site of the present the report of the Rev. John Steele, among those of residence of Clark Breading, in the western part of the settlers whom he and the other Pennsylvania com- the borough. The tract on which it was located was missioners found living on Redstone Creek and in its named by Beeson "Stone Coal Run," which was sur- vicinity in March, 1765. This makes it reasonably veyed to him by Alexander XcClean on the 27th of certain that he had located here in the previous September, 1769, on warrant No. 3465. It contained autumn, as it is very improbable that he would have three hundred and fifty-five acres, lying west of the moved to his new home so early in the spring. He present Morgantown Street, the line of which formed did not become a permanent settler here. His land its eastern boundary. was purchased by Henry Beeson prior to 1774 (as will 1 It is evident that Henry Beeson as a man of very be seen hereafter), but the precise date of the sale 1 considerable enterprise, and it is not improbable that has not been ascertained. The log cabin in which he / from the time of his selection of these lands he en- lived mas located on what is now the rear of E. Bai- / tertained the idea of laying out a village upon them. ley Dawson's land, south of the court-house. It mas / It is said that Alexander McCIean (who came into occupied by him when William Campbell first visited this region as deputy surveyor in 1769) advised him the vicinity in 1770, but no later account of his resi- , to do so, in view of the nat,ural advantages of his lo- dence in the place or his removal from it has been cation and of the probability that his settlement might found. yery likely in the nobdistant future become the seat Henry Beeson, although he selected his land at of justice of a new county. It is difficult to under- about the same t.ime as Douthet, did not settle or stand why McClean, far-seeing as he was, should at make improvement on it until 1768. The fact that that early time see a reason for his prediction, but it .his name does not appear in Commissioner Steele's list is certain that the suggestion of laying out a village of settlers here in March of that year is not positive was favorably received and acted on by Beeson. proof that he did not locate in 1767, as has been stated Within the three years next succeeding 17'70, he had -- p~ -- . ~--- .- ~~ - ~ - -. . - - purchased Douthet's "Mill Seat" tract and erected a 1 Prolwbly he had at first but a LLtomal~an'kright." The order issued mill,' which was generally in rural districts, and be- to Thomas Douthet for a warnnt of snrrey was dxted Jme14,1769, ad the laud was surveyed to him by Alesallder DLcClean on the 27th of Septenher in the same year. A plat of this tmct, called "Nill Seat," 2 At the April session of Westmoreland County Court, in 1774, a peti- contailling three hundred aud fourteen and one-qirnrter of acres, situated tion for a road \\.as presented. in which it was eetfortb by the petitioners on R~dstoneCreek, is found on page 71, "Book of Surveysof Fayette that "we who at prewnt live on the weal side of the ntonongxhela River County." This tract embraced tlic part of Uniontown lying east of are obliged frequently to carry our corn twenty miles to the mill of wl~atis now \.Iorgnnto\vn Strect. The patent fur the '' Nill Seat" trwt 1Ienr.v Beeson, near Laiirel Hill; aud in all prol~abilit~.at some seasons was iqsued Aug. 11,17S6, to Henry Beesou, who had purchased it more of the year, will ever I~aveto do so; and we therefore pray for a road than twelve years previonsly, from Doutl~et. In a later deed from Mr. from near Redstone Old Fort to Henry Beeson's nlill, and I~CIICRto in- Brehon to Jacob Johnston, of a lot in the Dout11t.t tiact, is fonnd the tersect Braddock's road, near tlic forks of Dunlap's road and mid road, following prealnlde: "Whereas the Comrno~~rwalthof Pennsylvauia, on the top of Lanrel Hill." This is clear prouf that in the beginning by patent dated the 11th day of hugnst, in the year IiSG, did graot unto of the year lii4 Beeson's mill, on Redstone Creek, had been long e~~cii~gh Henry Beeson n certain tract of 1:111d sitnate on Redstone Creek in the estat)lished to he known and depended on by the people beyond the county of Fayette,ou vhich the towu uf Union had beeu previonslg iUouo~~galrelatwerlty miles away. There is little re'ason to donbt that erected,'. etc. Henrj Beeson had Ilia mill in opemtion at least as early as 1777. 2i9

HIS'l'OKk' OF FAYB'l'Tk: COUNTY, Y ENNSYLVANIA. --- - . - -- I fore the days of steam-travel and transportation, con- were suddenly driven from their homes and obliged sidered the first step towards the successful laying out to seek its shelter against the savages. The site of of a village. this old block-house was on the brow of the bluff, and The site of Beeson's mill was between Douthet's ' very nearly identical with the .;pot where the sheriff's log house and tlie creek, a short distance northwest ' residence now stands. of the former and near the foot of the hill. The raceway which supplied the mill 11-% long, and a work of Henry Beeson's original plat of the village was sur- no small magnitude fbr that early day and for the veyed aud laid out in the year 1776, on the land which means mhich Mr. Beeson had at his command for he had purchased of Thomas Douthet. It had one constructing it.' It was an artificial canal about principal street, running in an eastward and west- three-fifths of a mile in length, which took the water ward direction, named by hitn Elbow Street (on ac- from Redstone Creek at a place knomn as the Beaver count of an angle in it which was rendered necessary Dam, on land now belonging to heirs of Ieaac Beeson, by the natural conformation of the ground), being the near the southern boundary of the present borough. ; same mhich is now the Main Street of Uniontown. The firat dam which turned the water from the creek / The map here given of the village of Beeson's Mill, into tlie canal soon afterwards gave place to a more j as laid out in 1776 by Henry Beeson, with numbers substantial one thrown across the creek at a point a ' of lots and the names of persons to whom they were little distance east of the present track of the South- sold or allotted, is copied from one purporting to be west Railroad. From the da~~the raceway led north- n correct copy of the original plat. The copy in wardly across what are now Fayette and Church question was made by Jacob Miller in 1846. The Streets, through the present school-house grounds whole number of lots laid out mas fifty-four, em- and the lots of Mr.. Dicus, on Main, and Samuel bracing one tier on each side of Elbow Street, and Stearns, on Peter Street, to the mill, from which the : one tier (of seven lots) on the north side of a short tail-race led into the creek above the Gallatin Svenue thoroughfare mhich was laid out north of and paral- bridge, at a point about one mile, by the course of lel to Elbow, and mhich he named Peter Street. The the stream, below the dam, where the water was ' south side of this street, of course, bordered the rear taken into the raceway. I of the Elbow Street lots, which lay opposite to it. The mill remained in operation at this place be- The numbering of the lotsconimencedat the east end tween twelve and fifteen years, and after that time of Elbow Street, on its south side, and continued up was abandoned, when of course the old raceway was to Meadow Alley (the lane between the Fulton House discontinued. During the century which has passed ' and the residence of the late Judge Ewing), there since then it has become entirely filled up, and all reaching No. 10. The next number (11) was on the traces of it obliterated except a slight depression north side of Elbow Street, at its east end, opposite which is still visible on the east side of Gallatin KO. 1. Thence they numbered again westward to Arenue. But while the old mill remained, and par- No. 20 (where the linto on House now stands), which ticularly during the earlier years of its existence, it was joined on the west by the " Central Public mas a place of no small note and importance to the Ground," or " Public Alley." Lot No. 21 was that settlers between the Youghiogheny and the Nonon- on which the old Ewiug mansion now stands, and gahela. The locality wns knomn far and wide as the lots nnnibered thence west on the south side of " Beeson's Mill," and here in 1774 was built a strong Elbow (Main) Street to N'o. 34, which was on the block-house of logs as a place of refuge for the few line of the present Norgantown Street, then the inhabitants of the surrounding country during the uni- western limit of the village plat. Then the numbers versal panic which, in the spring and summer of that recommenced on the north side of Elbow Street, at year, attended the opening of the hostilities known the angle, No. 35 being a part of what is now the as Dunmore's war. When this primitive defensive court-house ground. Thence the lots continued to work was built, there mere few, if any, inhabitants nnmber westward on the north side of Elbow Street other than Henry Beeson's family within the limits to No. 47, at the western bound of the plat. Recom- of the present borough to avail themselves of its mencing, KO.48 mas on the north side of Peter Street, protection ; but there were many other settlers located jost west of the old mill (wl~erenow is Gallatin Ave- within a few miles of it, and its site was probably nue), and extending westward from this, on the same chosen because of its proximity to the mill, which side of the street, were six other lots, ending in No. was the most public place in all the region,--the 5-1, the last one, and marking the northwest corner of place to which the earliest intelligence of Indian in- the plat. cursions would naturxlly come, and where, moreorer, Tradition says that the fifty-four lots laid out in there mas usually to be found a considerable supply the plat of the village of Beeson's illill (for it had of grain and meal for the subsistence of families who not then received the name of Beeson's Town, which ------. antedated that of Uniontown by 'several years) were 1 Henry Beeson ww a Llackslnitl~ by trade, and opened a sl~opat his I nelv to\\,". Vercll sap of llinl Ile 4k made his crlstomers dig his , of lottery, the dra'ying of is mill race, while he n~adeer sh;~rpeuedthcir plow-irons, etc." 1 to have taken place in the old mill on the day when

COCK HOUSE.

N.60 W. FLBOW ST,

20. John Maclean. 38. Mary Beeson, Jr. Hatfield. 21. Charles Brownfield. 89. James Kendall. 4. William Jotleff. 22. Joeeph MoClean. 40. Mary Beeson, Jr. 6. John Waller. 23. Henry Daweun. 41. Edward Brownfield 6. Benjamin Brownfield. 24. 42. John IEidd. 7. Augnetin Moore. 26. John MoIntire. 43. jarnuel MoClean. 8. Thomas Wileon. 26. Dennie Springer. 44, Aaron Robinson. 9. James MoOlean. 21. Riohard Parr. 46. John Kidq. 10. Josiah Springer. 28. George Bordyoe. 46. Peter Patriok. 11. Alexander Maclean, 29. Samuel Stillwell. 47. E. Brownfield. 12. James Qallaher. 80. Uonrad Walter, 48. Spring Lott. 18. Elirabeth Brownfield. 31. John Patten. 49. Andrew Hoover. 14. Nathan Springer. 32. Alexander MoClean. 80. Meroor Beeson. 16. John Colline. 83. John ~eGon. 61. Thomas Qadd. 16. John Haneuoker. 34. Jesee Beeson. 62. Thomas MoFortine 1776. 17. John Boeson. 36. Jaoob Springer. 63. Dennis Stephens. 18. Adam MoCmty. 36. Dennis Springer. 64. John MoTortin. 19. Auguetin Mooie. 31. Obadiah Stillwell.

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH. 281

------the Declaration of Independence was signed, July 4, and Costs accrued by Reason of the distress be paid." 1776. This is not improbable as to the drawing, and With regard to most of the lots the ground-rents were it may be true as to the date. The names set against afterlvards commuted by the payment of a certain the members of the several lots on the map are those fixed sum, eight dollars per lot; but in some cases of persons who were settlers in the surrounding coun- the commutation was not paid, and ground-rents were try (but not in the village of Beeson's Mill) in that continued on a few lots as late as 1850. year, and there is no especial reason to doubt that The new "town" was very sparsely settled, and they had taken chances in such a lottery scheme as remained in a very languishing condition for several that mentioned. KOdeeds were give11 by Henry Bee- years, until about the close of the Revolution. Its son to those names appearing on the plat as the owners original name, " Beeson's Mill," was soon supplanted of the lots, and none were given (at least no record of by that of " Reeson's Town," by which it continued any is found) to any person for lots prior to March 7, / to be known to some extent till about 1800. The 1780. And it is probable that many of the lots were / name Union Town, however, begau to be used as never taken, as it is found that a number of them I early as 1780, as is proved by its occurrence in de- were afterwards sold by Henry Beeson to other par- I scriptions of land in deeds of that gear. ties. Alexander McClean and several other allottees The earliest deeds found recorded of lots in the did eventually receive deeds for the lots set against town of Union mere made Narch 7, 1780, to Jobn their names on the plat, and Col. McClean afterwards I Collins and Einpson Brownfield. Collins' purchase became osoer of other lots, among them being SO.20, ' at that time embraced lots Nos. 23 and 40, at forty on which he built his residence. / shillings each. The former was on the south side of The terms and conditions on which the lots were Elbow Street, where J. K. Ewing's residence now purchased are recited in many of the old deeds given stands. He sold it, September 2d of the same year, to by Henry Beeson, as follows : " Whereas at the laying Michael Whitlock, blacksmith. Lot 40 was described out of the Original Town of Union the purchasers of in Collins7deed as "being the same lott of ground Lots were obliged to build on the lots so purchased a now occupied by the said John Collins." The adjoin- good substantial dwelling House of the dimension of ing lot (No. 41) was conveyed to him by deed dated at least Twenty feet square, with a good chimney of the follo~v'ingday, March 8th. On the last-named Brick or Stone well laid in with Slime and Sand, and day lie also purchased of Beeson, for £50, a tract of always keep the Same in good repair from time to five acres, with the privilege of access to the mill- time, and moreover pay or cause to be paid to the said race " for watering Cattle or other Creatures." Mr. Henry Beeson, his Heirs Executors Administrators Jesse Beeson says he recollects when John Collins or Assigns the Sum of one half of a Spanish Milled lived in a log house south of the race, at the place Dollar or the value thereof in Current money of the where Church and Morgantown Streets now join. Commonwealth aforesaid for each and every Lot of An old orchard stood in the rear of his house, not ground sold or purchased as aforesaid at the Town far from the Presbyterian Church. This mas, of of Tjnion aforesaid in each and every year forever." course, after Collins had retired from tavern-keeping, The purchasers also were required, and they agreed, and the place on which he then lived, as recollected to observe "such Rules and Regulations as may at by Mr. Reeson, was without doubt the five-acre tract any time hereafter be directed by Law or introduced above merltioned as purchased in March, 1780. by Lawful or Approved Custom for the Cleansing Re- Empson Brownfield's purchase, made on the same airing and 'Improving the Streets Alleys and Walks day with Collins7, as mentioned above, was of lot No. in said Town for the health and convenience of the 39, adjoining Collins' lot on the east, and the same inhabitants of said Town. And if at any time it shall I nolv occupied by Mrs. Dr. David Porter. Brownfield so happen that any part of the rents aforesaid shall be I __-p__----. behind and unpaid for the Space of ninety days l1eXt 1 1 1, the Western Telegraph [then pnblished at Whington, pa.] of after any of the Days aforesaid appointed for payment j ~ay17,1596, is found the following ;tdrertisen~entof Mr. Beeson, an- or any failure shall happen on the of the nouncing his proposed abolition of the ground-rents, and the terms on I whidi it would be done, viz.: prchaser in any of the Covenants aforesaid : It "The Subscriber, considering the inconsistency under our equal and and may be lawful for the said Henry Beeson and his repn~~icangovernment of di~posi~~gof lands on WII~CI~an annual ground wife, their Heirs Executors Adnlinistrators or Assigns rent is reserved, 11atl1determined to abulisll thr rents on all Lots in the Town of Union, Fajette County, of which he is proprietwr, on the fol- of the Rents aforesaid into and the said Lot of loving terms, viz.: Ownem of Lots on Papeut of Ei~iltDollars per Grou.nd and Premises or any part thereof in the name , LO^ s~laiihave a rdease and quit ckrim from all ground rent or restric- of the to enter and distrain for the Relit or : tion forever. The Snl~scril)erldcdges himself to the Puldic, that if the owners of Lots compl~wit11 the alnne pruptm~lhe will approl~riateone- Arrearages if any then due thereon and for want of ' funrtl~of all the nioney 111nsreceived fir the Lots to the in~l~ruvemeut sufficient distress to satisfy for the said rent or arrear- of the Streets, \V:rp nnd other p~iblicnses of said Tuwn. which fourth

thereto had been done until said .Rent and Arrearages i .

%2 JlISTOltY OF YAYXTTE COUNTY, Pl+~NXSYLVANIA.

. -.~ .- - . . --

opcrred :i tavertl arjd store upon it, ;~idcontinued , which last cl:~use is un i~ldicationtliilt Collins liacl both as I:rte ;IS 1790. Aftcrw:trds :L (logj scl~ool-; rc:illy ~u-cl~:~sedthe land in tlie year of the laying 11ouse w:~sI)uill on tl~elot, :itld W;LJ occupied ;IS SUCII out 01' the vill:~ge,but had ~iotsccure(1 Itis deed until for 111unyye:~rs. fi)ur years latcr. Tlle tract was situidcd south ol' the Deeds bearing evcrl date wit11 those to Colli~~sant1 , villiyc 1)l:it and east of the old race, as mentiowd in I~rownfic.li1(3I:wcl1 7, 1780) were 111:rde I)y Henry Ike- 1 the deed. so11 to Jo111i Kidd ant1 hlcxa~lclcrMcClcan (.joiutly), ' .J:t~nes 3IcCulloug11, ;i bl:wks~nith,purcl~nsed from :rtltl to Jol~nIhwncr, ofI:~ntlsoutside nl'but contigu- l-Icnry Ib!eso~l,Scpt. 2, 1780, lot No. 28, situated on or~sto the village j~lat. liitld xntl B1eClea11's pur- the south side of Ell)ow Street, an11 in Kove~iherof cl~:tsc?w;is of a snl:ill tract " ad,joining the Tow11 of' tlw nest ge:ir he purcllascd KO.27, joining his fijrnler I,Tnion." Tile consitlcr:ition W:LS hrty shillings, but purcI~:~se011 the th;ist. For 111:irly years Ile Iiad his tlle land was "subjcct to ;LII :~uriualrent of' one sllil- 1 bl:lcks~~~itll-sl~ol)in ol~eratio~~ on these lots. Aftcr- liq per 11crc fbrever, with the ~)rivilcgeof such :L w:~rtlsthe old ITnion Uiink purcl~itsc~lthe property, quilntity ol' water a* tl~cy nay S::LII~ in need of Ibr und erwted upol~it the Luilding wllicl~is ~torvthe carrying on their distillery :~ncltn:ilti~~g l)usiuess, with dcpot of the Soutl~\vcst1l;tilro:id. access to nnd from the c11alint.l wl~ichis t~owt~~atlc. Jot1atl1;~11lCowl:tt~d, :L s:rddler by trade, w:is located . . ." The distillery erected 011 this lantl stood ~1stin U~~iontownbelbre 1783, and in that year corn- of' the old rnce~rxj-,ir~ \vlt:it is II~Wthe ro:ttlw:ty of 1 1nc1rc:eclLwsirless as:m i~m-keeper. His Liter rcsitlence 1'enu Street. W:LS in tll(: I)ri(:k 11ousc erected by Josepll Iluston, Joltn Dowtier's purcl~:tse, rcferrh to :~l)ovc,wm of ! the fir.st bric.1; tlwcllir~gbuilt, in Urlio~itown. It is ":r tract of la11tl ac1,joining thc Town of Union," be- ' still sta~~cling,a lit~le e:rst of Dr. .J. li, Ewing's rcsi- girlning in the nlitldle of the nurth end of lot No. 50, tlcncc, on 'the north side of Main Street. Rowland 11 and having for its soutll lint the east half' 01' thc , 1~:~sajustice of the peace in 1803, ;~ndheld tlie office ~wrtliline of lot No. 50, irnd all of the line 01' lots 4S ' for mimy years. :tnd 49, extending nortliwird, crnbr;tcing one and one- , 111 or about 1783, Jonatl~anDowner built a. large qmtrter acres :ind fiftee~lperches." Ttieconsideration i clouble log Iiousc on the north side of Peter Street. was E5. On this I:LII~Mr. Downer had previously 111this l~ouseGen. Ephr:~in1Douglassbccarne aboarder built a tnnncry. Three ant1 n Iialf years latcr (Oct. with Mr. I)owucr in 1784. At :I litter d;tte a. sdlool 2, 1783) he sold to Capt. James Ned, lbr the consitl- w:ts t:~ugl~tin this house.

cr:~tionof .E300, '' one lot ii11d a 11:~lf, with :dl tllc i A deed to 'L Matthew C:i~lipbell,Inn-keeper," dated buildings, Ilouses, outliouses, st:~bles, artd fences, I .J:iu. 7, l7S4, conveyed to him lot So. 10, on wl~ich wlterc the said John Dow11c.r now rcsicles in I,'nio~~ IIC 11:d previously erected a log house fix a tavern. Town ; also one acre :ind :L qa:~rtcrant1 iiftecr~perclics Tllis lot is the ow o11 wl1ic11 the Fulton IIouj~now of lmtl, wit;li :t T;tn y:ird, which tlie said Duwncr , st:~nds. hat11 occupied a number of yeitrs." This last was 11:tron Sackctt, " t:iylor," Iocntetl Ililnself' on lot the lot of l:~ndwllicll lie hid bought of licnry Uce- j Xo. 7, and received a deed for it on the 17th of3I\'larcll, son in &I:irch, 1756, and the t:it~ncry upon it w;ra 1784. His lot was on the soutll side of Elbow Street, evidelitly the first o~ieerected in Uniontowl. Kc:ir ~lc:~rlyopposite the prcsent residence of tl~e11011. to its site, on the south and exst, have I)ccn tanneries 1:iei. 111 tlie spring of' the same year Jol~n from tht ti~neto the preaent. John Ihmner \v:~sa 1 Stitt, " breeches m:tl

UNIOXTOWN BOROUGH. stis

and vats were sunk, the beds of w11icl1can / side of that strc>et to and across 3iorg:tntown Street %till be located by depressions in the grouutl :kt t11:rt ! at the intersection of South Street, and from that . tannery w:rs afterwards rcn~ovedto tl~e/ point, in nc:~rlythe snrne course, acrass Arch antl Main ol)I)osite of tllc street, \v]lere it is yet owned and ! Streets to the mill, the tail-r:tce discharging the ol)crated by tile sons of Levi, a son of Jonatl~an w;iter illto Culllpbell'~ 1hn: wllich joins the main lhwner.' , stream of the ltedstone a short distance below. This l'eter Ilook, some of \\,hose descentlants are still rumray, now arched for a considerable distance be- living in Uniollto\vn, lvas a ]latter, :UI~located her<. tween Main and RIorgantown Streets, is still in use, ill tllilt busilless at lcilst :is e:irly :is 1781, is: in tllat :rrtcr nearly a century of service. year there is found a record of T1ioni:is McKinley A description of' Tiniontown :is it was in the begin- ieillgbounci 't all apI,relltice t,, peter~~Ooltc to lcarIl ()11 tile. :;lst Of ! ni11g of 1751 (a short time after the organization of tile tr;lde :illd rllystery ()[ ~~:~~~i~~~.,, August, I7S3, he (~()(,k)I,urcll:lse~, for tile consitler- the county of Fayette) is found iri tile following atiOll of t\relve ,~Oull(~s,peullsylvnni:t IllO1lcy,lot xo. letter, written by Epl~rairnDouglass to Gen. Jalnes 32 of the origi~::~lplat (a prt of t11e property or1 Irvi1lc?viz.' whic.11 was built tl~cre-idcnce of Judge Nath:luiel &lu r)I-,,iaGssl:nn~, : i).He owned the property as late as the year '' If my promise were not cng:lged to write to you, lS13, :lnd tl~ercis foul~din the G'cr~ius(!/' I,i/~crf!/of' Iny inclin:ttions are dficiently so lo embrace with .T:lr~unry St11 in t11:it year his :tdvertisc~r~c~~t.-"'I'o :tl:lcrity :~nyol)lmrtunity of' espres.;ing the p~titude Ict, the house :~ndlot now occupied :rs a tavern l~y so justly due to your v:tluable friendship, of declaring Jxob J-I:lrb:iugh, situate in the borough of Union, the sincerity oS mine. ~~e:lrlyopposite the Court House." He also at the "This Uniontown is the most obscure spot on the s;me time advertised for salc "a Sct of Hatter's face of the globe. I have been here seven or eight Tools." week.; without one opportunity of' writing to the land Colin Campbell, rnontioned as :L " teacher," pur- ofthe living, and, though considerably south of you, chased lot No. 43 on the 15th of March, 1784. I-Ic so cold that a person not knowing the latitude would occupied and kept tavern on tliat lot five years later. condude we were placed near one of the poles. J-Ic sold it to S:mucl Salter. Pray, have you 11:td a severe winter below ? We have In or about the year 1784, Henry lkeson's old u~ill bee11 liwen up here fur more than a ~nontlipast, but w;ls nlxmdoncd, and its machinery rcn~ovedto a new :t grcat III~II~oi' us 11:iving been bred in another State, l~uildingwliicl~ had been erectcd for it, and wllich ih tl~ceating ofI101n:~nyis :is natural to us as the drink- still standing, on the north side of Main Street, :L ing of whisky in tl~e~norning. s110rt distance east of where that street crosses C:iln])- " The town and its appurtenances consist of our bell's (or Ikeson's) Run. A principal reason for this president ant1 a lovely little family, a court-house and relnovnl is said to have been that the 1oose:d porous i scl~ool-housein one, a mill, and consequently a miller, nature of the soil tlirougli wl1ic11 tl~cold c:~n:~lwas Sour taverns, three srnit1:-shops, five retail shops, two cut, near the brow of thc slope south of the nrill, tan-y:irds,' one of them only occupied, one saddler's c:;~usedit rea at 1eat:tge of wtter, wl~irl~it W:LS tbund shop, t\ro hatters' shops, one masou, one cake-woman il~lpossibleto remedy. It is prob:~ble,I~owcvcr, that (we l~xdtwo, but one of thern having committed a petit there were a130 oll~errc:~sons for the ~IIRII~Oml~icl~ are larceny is upon b:lnisli~nent),two widows, antl some llot understood :LL thc present hy. Tlie removal of' reputed maids, to which m:Ly be addcd a distillery. the mill of course c:~usctl tlic :tl)alldoninent of the old The upper part of tl~isedificeis the habitation at will raceway, and :L new one was ~ot~structed,starting from of your l~u~nbleservant, who, beside the smoke of his Redstone Creek at the ~nouthof Spring ltun (which ow1 chimney, ml~ichis intolerable enough, is fumi- fows from the old mansion 11ouse of Henry Beeson, prted by that of two stills below, esclusive of the other now , occupied by Anclrem Dutton), and running effluvia that arises fiorn the dirty vessels in which northwestwarrlly to :In alley in the rear of the present they prepare the rn:iterials for the stills. The upper residence of Dr. Sn~ithFuller; thence a little lnorc floor of my purlour, ml~ichis also my chainber and nort1lwardly across the line of Fayette Street, and by , ofice, is laid witli loose clapboards or puncl~eons,and lot of the Prc.bytcri:in Cl~urch,to and across both the gable ends entirely open; and yet this is CllurcIl Street, then more west\vardly along the north : the best phce ill my power to procurc till the weather - 1 will permit ~ncto build, and evcn this I an1 subject to

I be turned out of the moment the omn6r, who is at I Tho tir~tt~crj~,~.ul,crty wid (11.9 I~rfi,r~IIIPIII~CI~II~~~) IIJ John DCI\VIII*~ to c1~l,t..J:~III~Y NCIII ill Octtlber, 1~1,W:LS cvilay, 1757, oorl\~~~yedtlla - a11n1.property (UIII' tint1 OIIC-fi~nrtllilCl.c's :~1111 iivtwll llcl~.Il~~,the 8:1111? I 2 l.11~. two timtwries referred to were llloxe of Cqt. .Tanlea Neal (pul- atmmnt WICI l'~'Jol~ll UIIWII~~. ttl 51'111) to ~011:11111111 ~)O\\*IIC'~.011 tllc Sill ell~lxedI>y l~itn fro111 .JO~III DUIYOOI.ill 1782) :uld of Artl~~~rBfCDonilld, of JIIIIO,1793. a new ddrcd-\vna ~nildcby Ilewull Ill h\\.ll(T, CUI.I.I'C~~II* 011 whic11 Ixtter WILS nndd to S:mlnrI ht111du rind .h:~tl~at~Dg~\b,~er in 17%. orin I I of 1,I vint u t :itillI: The dialillcry ~nel~tio~~utlby I)o~~gl;las wns t1111tof John ~i,l~],with of lnnd on tlw wcwt aid(. uf tile for111cr lmrc11:1~1.. I w11on1 Alexander n1cClca11\vn~ 11 piirtncr in the b~~si~~esa.

HISTOllY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, YENNSYLVANIA.

------.------" I can sap little of the country in general but that Alexander McClean, the veteran suri-eyor, and the it is very poor in everything but its soil, which is ex- man who was probably the most widely known of any cellent, and that part contiguous to the town is really in Fayette County for a. period of more than fifty beautiful, being lerel and prettily situate, accommo- years, moved into Uniontown in 1783, and soon after- dated with good water and excellent meadow-ground. wards became possessor of lot So. 20 on the original But money we have not, nor any practicable way of plat, the same on which the Clinton House now making it; how taxes will be collected, debts paid, or stands. On this lot he built a two-story log house, fees discharged I know not ; and yet the good people which was by far the most pretentious dwelling in appear willing enough to run in debt and go to law. the village. It had a covered balcony at the upper I shall be able to give you a better account of this windows Jn the west end, and the interior was hereafter. finished with pane!ed work, carved cornices, and " Col. Maclean received me with a degree of gen- some other ornamentation unusual in houses of that erous friendship that does honor to the goodness of day west of the Alleghenies. In this house he lived his heart, and continues to show every mark of satis- until his death in 1834, about half a century after faction at my appointment.' He is determined to act iterection. The property was then purchased by under the commission sent him by Counci1,hnd the Hon. Andrew Stewart, who built on it the brick though the fees would, had he declined it, have been residence in which he lived for many years, and a considerable addition to my profits, I cannot say which is now the Clinton House. that I regret his keeping them. He has a numerotla On the east of Mr. XcClean's residence, and on the small family, and though of an ample fortune ill same side of Elbow Street, he purchased (Dec.31,1T9S) lands, has not cash at command. . . . lots Nos. 17, IS, and 19. On the last named, adjoin- "The geueral curse of the country, disunion, rage* ing his homestead lot, he built the log house which is in this little mud-hole with as if they had each still standing on its original site. This house and lot pursuits of the utmost importance, aod the most op- he gave to his daughter Elizabeth at the time of her posed to each other, when in truth they have no pur- marriage to Thomas Hadden, who made this his resi- suits at all that deserve the name, except that of ob- dence during the remainder of his life. He (Had- taining food and whisky, for raiment they scarcely den) built, next ~1stof his log house, the brick build- use any. . . . The commissioners-trustees, I should ing which he used as an office, and which is now the say-having fixed on a spot in one end of the town residence of his two daughters, Sally and Elizabeth. for the public buildings, which was by far the most In 1809 (November lGth), Mr. McClean sold parts proper in every point of view, exclusi~eof the saving of lots IS and 1g3to John Withrow, a wagon-maker, expense, the other end took the alarm and charged who had his shop on the front of the lots and his them with partiality, and have been ever since utter- dwelling farther in the rear. He was elected sheriff ing their complaints. And at the late election for of the county in 1817. 111 1813 he sold his lots to justices, two having been carried in this end of the 1 Ann Stevens. She, on the 25th of December, 1820, town and none in the other, has made them quite sold them to John M. Austin, who erected the brick outrageous. This trash is not worth troubling you house which is now the residence of the Hon. Daniel with, therefore I beg your pardon, and am, with un- Kaine. East of Withrow's wagon-shop, on the same feigned esteem, dear general, side of the street, mas Lewis Williams' wagon-shop, " Your very humble servant, standing on the lot where Mrs. E. D. Roddy now " EPHRAINDOUGLASS." lives. Still farther east was another blacksmith-shop, This letter was written between the 6th and the 11th , owned and carried on by John P. Sturgis. of February, 1784, a few months after the erection of j On the south side of ~lbowStreet, eastwx-d from the county and before it was fully organized. Gen. 1 Piper's "Jolly Irishman" tavern (which was nearly Douglass mentions the temporary court-house (which opposite where Mr. Kaine now lives), Gen. Ephraim had then been used but once for that purpose, viz.: Douglass owned the lots as far as Redstone Creek. at the sssion of the previous December), but he says On the site where Mr. Cochran's residence now stands nothing about a jail. Soon after that time, however, he built a brick house, in which he dispensed a gen- and during the spring or summer of the same year, 1 erous hospitality that made it a favorite visiting-place log building that stood on the rear of the lot now oc- I for young and old. This house, in which he lived cupied by the residence of the Hon. Daniel Kahe , during nearly all the remainder of his life, was de- was made into a temporary prison, and was occupied stroyed by fire about fifteen years ago. After the

ns such for three years, and until the erection of a - ~ ~ ~ ~.

stone jail on the site of the present one. 9 In the sale of the lots east of his residence, Mr. NcClean provided - - -- - for an alley twelve feet wide, running from Elbow Street, on the east 1 The appointment of prothonotaly of E'ayette County, which he reside of Jut No. 17, north'one hundred and fifty feet from the Yain ceived in Octol~er,1783. Street, and thence extending westward, parullel with Elbow Street, in 2 Col. Alexander DlcClean waa appointed recorder of deeds Dec. 6,liSS. the reitr of his four luts. This is the nllcy which is still kept opetl ns a He received the appointment of justiceof the peace for Fajette County, thoroiigllfare in the rear of 311,. Iiaine's residence and the Clinton Bfarch 19, 17% House, and betw~cnthe co111.t-houseand jail.

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH. 285 -. .. death of Gen. Douglass, Mary Lyon, whose hiscory The part which was purchased by Jacob Beeson is well h-n~w~to many of the older citizens of Union- was named by him "Mount Vernon," and on a part town, lived in a log house east of the Cumberland of this tract he platted and laid out two additions to Presbyterian Church. It is supposed that one (and , Uniontown, which are referred to in the following re- perhaps the principal one) of the " five retail shops" citation found in a deed in the register's office, viz. : mentioned in Gen. Douglass' letter was that of Jacob , "Whereas the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, by Beeson, who, as tradition says, established himself as patent dated March 28, 1785, did grant unto Jacob :L :L merchant in Uniontown in 1783. His ledger marked Beeson a tract of land called Mount Vernon, and " J" (which leads to the supposition that it mas the whereas Jacob Beeson did lay out a tract of land ad- ninth or tenth book used by him in his business) is joining the town of Union. and called the same ' Ja- still in existence, and commences in the year 1808, cob's Addition.' and did afterwards lay out another containing accounts of two years' transactions. He : tract called 'Jacob's Second Addition.' " etc. By this was succeeded in bnsiness by his son Tt7illiam, whose the fact is shown that two additions were laid out by brother Isaac became first his clerk and afterwards , Jwcob Beeson on the Mount Vernon tract west of ' his successor. His (Isaac's) sons, William and J. I(. Morgantown Street, though no plats of them itre Beeson, still continue the business. The store which / known to be in existence, nor has the date of their they occupy was built by their father, but the precise , laying out been ascertained. date of its erection is not known. 1 Another addition to the town was laid out at about Very few settlements (if any besides that of Henry the same time by Henry Beeson, on the southwest Beeson, where he built his first house in 1768) had part of the &Iill Seat tract, and called "Henry's Ad- been made within the limits of the present borough, dition." Reference to this addition is follnd in a deed west of xorgantou7n Street, prior to 17% On the from Henry Beeson to Jacob Johnson, dated Feb. 27, 12th of March in that year, Henry Beeson sold to 1802, as follows: "Whereas the Commonwealth of Jacob Beeson, for the consideration of £100, Penn- Pennsylvania, by patent dated 11th day of August in sylvania money, all his title and interest to and in the year 1786, did grant unto Henry Beeson a certain the " Stone Coal Run" tract, which had been sur- tract of land called Mill Seat, situate on Redstone veyed to him on warrant No. 3455, on the 27th of Creek, in the county of Fayette, on which the town Septemkr, 1769, as before noticed. But it is evident of Union had been previously erected, and whereas that this sale by Henry to Jacob Beeson was soon the increase of inhabitants made it necessary to en- afterwards modified (though no record to that effeit large the original town for accommodating of appli- is found until four years later), so that instead of the cants, the said Henry Beeson for that purpose laid whole of the Stone Coal tract, Jacob Beeson purchased out sundry lots of ground on both sides of the road only a part of it (about two hundred and thirty-six leading from Uniontown to Cheat River, within the acres), and the remainder (about one hundred acres) limits of Mill Seat aforesaid, and called Henry's Ad- mas sold by Henry Beeson to William Campbell. dition." No map or plat of this addition has been For some cause which does not appear, Henry Bee- found, and it is believed that none is now in exist- son had never received a patent for the " Stone Coal ence. Run" tract, surveyed to him fifteen years before, and All lots in Henry's, as also in Jacob's First and now that the tract was sold in parcels to Campbell Second Additions, were sold subject to the same con- and Jacob Beeson, these purchasers naturally pre- ditions as those in the original plat of the town, and ferred that the patents should issue directly to tilem,' in the cases of all lots through which Beeson's race- ' which was done in March of the following year. way ran, the privilege was reserved to lnaintain and repair it when necessary, and to enter upon the lots 1 In the return of a survey of a tract of 217 acres, made to Willianl Campbell in 1750, tl~esu~eytr (Alesander McClean) makes the follow- for that purpose. ing description and remarks: " Situate on a brancb of Redstone Creek, The first conveyance which has been found of lots about one mile from Union Town, in Uuion township, Fayette Count)-, in Jacob's Addition is that of lots Kos. 9 and 10, to and contains a part of a survey made for Heury Beeson by order of survey Xo. 3455, which sun-ey was formerly returned into the surreyor- Mary Beeson, April 12, 1785. At later dates are general's office; but the said Henry Beeson having sold the part de- found deeds of various lots, among which were No. 6 scribed to William Campbell, and the residne to Jacob Beeson, and they to George Mitchell, Nos. 3, 13, and 14to Jesse Graves, desiring to have separate patents, I resurveyed the same agreeable to KO. 3 to Joseph Huston, and No. 5 to Dr. Henry their purchase." The patents were issued to Campbell and Jacob Beeson in March, Chapwe. Lot No. 19 was sold in 1794 to Joseph 17S5, as above mentioned, and about three years later (Feb. 13,17SS.) Hedges. Afterwards it passed to Jacob Medtart, and they received deeds from Henrx Beeson of ,111 his right, under warrant in 1811 mas purchased by Thomas Brownfield, who No. 34.55, to and in the tractsin question, viz.: that sold to Jacob Breson, coutaining 236% acres, with an allowance of sis per cent. for roads, and also, Oct. 5, 1807, bought lot No. 20, lying between <' inclnding my improvement made in 1765, near Thomas Douthet and where his son Nathaniel now lives and Campbell's Jehu flenthorne." and that sold to William Campbell, containiug " one Run, described as "situate on the north side of Fell's hundred and four acres, strict measure." The considerntiou paid by Alley, along the west side of Mill Street seventy-two Campbell was f40, and Ir? Jacob Beeson, fur the " BIonnt Vernon" tract, 585. and a half feet to thesoutheast corner of lcvt 19, thence 19

286 HISTORY OF PAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

------.- - - . . -- .. westward one hundred and fifty feet to Jacob Beeson's ' Christian Tarr for $75, -4pril 27, 1795. From this lot mill-yard." The property, including the "White Mr. Tarr procured the clay for use in his pottery. Swan" tavern, was bought by him in 1805. In the Its location was on the south side of Elbow Street, conveyances of these lob, "Fell's Alley," as men- :idjoining Jacob's Alley (now Arch Street), and is the tioned in these deeds, was afterwards widened, and site of the present Eagle Hotel. Christian Tarr after- firmed the part of Fayette Street which is west of wards removed to Jeferson township. He was elected Morgantown Street. , :t member of Congress, serving from the year 1817 to One of the settlers on the original plat prior to 1821. 1786 was Samuel Salter, who in that year purchased Another pottery in Uniontown mas that of Abner of Colin Campbell lot No. 48, west of John Collins7 Greenland, who prosecuted his trade in a small log tavern. On this lot Salter opened a public-house. building standing on the north bank of the raceway Later he kept where J. K. Ewing's residence now is. just east of Morgantown Street. Cornelius Lynch, His sons William and Samuel afterwards carried on father of Daniel P. Lynch (ex-sheriff), was a brewer, the foundry business on the site of the present school- who before the year 1800 was carrying on that busi- house. William became sheriff of Fayette County. ness on the west side of Morgantown Street between He removed to Hanging Rock, Ohio, where he died. South and Main Streets. Samuel Salter, Sr., died in Connellsville. As early as 1793 a distillery had been erected, and Samuel M. King, a merchant fro111 Adams Co., Pa., was operated by John Porter on a little ran on the came to Uniontown as early as 1789, and on the 14th east side of Redstone Creek southeast of the old grave- of November in that year purchased of Aaron Booth yard. three lots, viz. : " Lot No. 25, lying on Elbow Street, on The assessment lists of Uniontown for 1796 show the west side of the old mill-race in said town, and the names of William Little, John Kinglin, and Wil- the other two lots lying opposite to and south of lots liam G. Turner, "schoolmasters;" those of 1798 men- 27 and 28." The first mentioned was adjoining the tion John Lyon and James Morrison as attorneys; lot of Ellis and Reuben Bailey. Mr. King kept :t and in 1799, Isaac Wood appears as a schoolmaster, store at this place till his death in 1803. His daugh- -Mowry and William S. Fry as printers, A. Si- ter Anna was married in 1817 to Dr. Robert McCall, monson and Solomon Drown as physicians, and John and after his death became the wife of Judge John Canady (Kennedy), Thomas Hadden, and Thomas Huston. She is still living in the old stone house at Meason as lawyers. Redstone Furnace. Ellis Bailey and Reuben Bailey, brothers, located Ben-jamin Campbell was a silversmith who removed in Uniontown as merchants about the year 1800. from Lancaster, Pa., to Hagerstown, Md., in 1774, The earliest mention that has been found of them is and from the latter place came about 1790 to Union- in a deed dated Aug. 14, 1801, by which George town at the solicitation of Samuel Salter, Samuel Ebbert conveyed to "Ellis and Reuben Bailey, mer- King, Clement Brooks, Dr. Henry Chapese, and chants," lot No. 26, in Henry Beeson's original plat. I Henry Purviance, each of whom advanced a small I The lot in question had been sold, April 13, 1790, by sum as an inducement for him to come to and locate Mr. Beeson to William and John Lee., toeether" with in Uniontown to carry on his trade. He moved into I an out-lot lying south of the town plat. They sold Alexander McClean's log- house (the same which he 1 the property to George Ebbert, in lay, 1801, and he afterwards gave to his daughter, Mrs. Hadden), in j to E. and R. Bailey, as mentioned. Upon this lot which he, Mr. Campbell, lived until the year 1800, ! which is the same now occupied by Dr. Sturgeon- and in which his son, Dr. Hugh Campbell, was born Ellis and Reuben Bailey carried on their business as in May, 1796. On leaving this house Benjamin Camp- merchants for many years. bell removed to a dwelling where the First. Na- In the early yean of Uniontown's history, Peter. tional Bank building now stands. He died Sept. 24, i Street was fully equal, if not superior in importance I 1843. His son John learned the saddler's trade with to, Elbow, or Main Street, and the former was much John Woods, and was postmaster of Uniontown and ' the most traveled highway, both because it was a a justice of the peace for many years. Hugh, another better road, and because it led to the mill, the distil- son, studied medicine with Dr. Daniel Marchand, be- lery, the tannery, and other places of traffic. What came a prominent physician in Uniontown, and died is now the rear of the Main Street lots was then occu- Feb. 21, 1876. His sons, Judge Edward Campbell, pied by business places and residences fronting on and Benjamin Campbell, are now living in Union- Peter Street. town. , The dwelling of Jacob Reeson st~odon the site of Christian Tarr was a potter who carried on that ; Mr. S. A. Gilmore's present residence, of which the business on lot So. 29 of the original plat, a place old house forms s part. This place wits long the horrle that may be designated as just west of Bank Alley i of Lucius W. Stockton, who was mail contractor on on the south side of Main Street. "Joseph Huston, i the National road for many years. A grist-mill was Iron Master," purchased lot NO. 3 of Jacob's Addition built by Jacob Beeson on the east side of Can~pbell's. for ;E5 on the 29th of Ilecember, 1791, and sold it to (or Beeson's) Run, south of Elbow Street. Later it.

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH. 287

.- ---A was converted into a saw-mill by David Vcech. Mr. : his tavern is nbt known. There is no record of a later Beeson also built a tannery, and carried on that application by him for license. business near the foot of the hill, below the present Daniel Culp had purchased lot No. 25 (near where residence of Clark Breading. Dr. Roberts now lives), on which he had erected a John Miller, a tanner by trade, came to LTniontown log tavern, which he sold in July, 1784. The pur- from Washington, Pa. He worked in the tannery of chaser was John Huston, who had been licensed in Jacob Beeson, and became the husband of his daugh- December, 1783, but where the house was, which he ter Rebecca. He aftermards built for himself a tan- occupied prior to this purchase from Culp, does not nery at the place where the old woolen factory stood, appear. The court records show that he was licensed and there carried on the business for many years. as an inn-keeper for two or three years after the pur- He built the brick residence, which is still standing, chase. known as the Miller house. About 1835 he removed Matthew Campbell bought, in 1784, lot No. 10, at to Illi~~ois,and became one of the pioneer settlers :tt the west end of the present Fulton House, and erected Rockford, in that State. His oldest son, Jacob, was a log tavern up011 it ; but in 1785 and for several years born on Veech's Lane, Uniontown, and became prom- after that he was licensed in Menallen township. inent here as a lawyer and editor. Other children of In September, 1784, the names of William Patton John Miller are Mrs. Dr. David Porter and William and William Brinton appear as inn-keepers. Two H. Miller,. of Uniontown, and Alexander Xiller, of indictments were brought against the latter for keep- Pittsburgh. ing a tippling-house. The last indictment (in 1787) seems to have driven him out, for his name does not EARLY AND LATER PUBLIC-HOUSES- appear among the licensed tavern-keepers after that The first public-house in Beeson7sTown was that of time- John Collins, who, in the year 1780, purchased the. Empson Brownfield opened a tavern in 1785. He village lots Nos. 401 and 41 (where Commercial Row had purchased, ?Iarch 7, 1780, lot 39, lying between was aftermards erected), and built thereon a log tav- ' John Collins' house and the old mill-race, but had ern, which he kept until 1799. The earliest mention not occupied it, and it does not appear that he was a of this tavern that is found in any record or other resident in the village, for his name is found as a su- document appears in the minutes of a " Court of pervisor of highways in George township in 1784. Appeal,"' held by Alexander McClean, sub-lieutenant , But in 1785, having asked and received license to of the county of Westmoreland, "at the inn of John 1 keep a public-house, he opened tavern on his lot ad- Collins, in Union Town, on the 8th day of May, joining~coliins7and contihued to keep it until 1790. 1782." Similar mention of Collins7 tavern at later Colin Campbell (whose name first appears in 1784, dates is found in other parts of the same minute- in a deed conveying to him lot No. 43, on Elbow Street, book. near where the Standard office is) was licensed as an At the first session of the court of Fayette County, inn-keeper in December, 1785. In 1786 he sold his in December, 1783, John Collins, Jonathan Rowland, property to San~uelSalter, for £140, but continued as Daniel Culp, Matthew Campbell, and John Huston, landlord of the house until 1789, when it was taken all of Union, and Thomas Brown, of Redstone Old by Salter, who kept it till 1810, when he removed to Fort, were recommended as suitable persons to keep Dunbar tolvnship, and opened a public-house there. taverns." The place where Jonathan Rolvland kept Before coming to Uniontown in 1789 he had been

- .-. - .------for at least two years a tavern-keeper in Wharton

1 The deed of lot 40 ra8 made Iilrch 7,1780, to LL John Colli~l~,Inn- township. keeper," and the lot was mentioned as "bring the same lott of ground &rgaret Allen was licensed as a tavern-keeper st now occupied by the said John Collins," which makes it probable that ' the June session in 1788. Her stand was on the emt he had opened his tavern upon it in the prerioua year, 1779. 2 A sort of military court, \vllich Jvas convened from time to tirne t, side of the creek, where is now the residence of Wil- hear the reports of the several militia cnptrins, and to decide the cases liam Shiplev. The localitv was for manv vears known- A - "" of men who had relilsed, or failed from whatever cause, to perform t6e rr allen's ~i11." she died in lslO, at the tours of military duty to wlrich thy had boen ussigned. , 3 At the same sessiun the court fixed tnvern-rates as follow: age of ninety-one years. ,d. Patrick Logan and Jacob Knapp were liceused in ,..1 - -~ ...... '.A bowl of Spirit Toddy ...... 0 1 6 .... -- . -- A lrowl of Rum Toddy ...... 1 3 years earlier, owing to the great dcpreciution of Continr.ntn1 money at ,\ bowl of \Yhiskey Todd)...... I I A bowl of Peach bnlld). toddy ...... 1 4 : that time: I\ hnvl of .\1q)le 11nmdy toddy ...... 1 2 &'Tl~eorderbook of Ol~ioCounty [Ya.] Court cont.aitrs the following Peach bmudy by the I~alf-pint...... 0 8 entry under date of June 8,1760: 'Ordered, that the ordinary keepers in Apple brandy by dittu ...... 0 7 Whiskey " " ...... 0 6 this County sell at the fdloving rates : For Iralf-pint of \vl~islt~y,$6; Diet per meal ...... 1 3 1 breakfast or aupper, $4; dinner, $; lodging, with clc:~nsheets, $3; one Hay per night ...... 1 3 : horse to lay over uight, $3; one gallon of corn, S;one gallon of oab, Pmture for 24 I~onls...... 0 6 01~tsby the Quart...... G !2 Sl;half-pint of whiskey, vith supr, $S; 11 qnart of beer, 9.' B~erp. ditto ...... 8 "kt. 2, 1780, the cou1.t i11crr:lsed tlle price of strong beer tu S per Cydrr p. ditto ," 6*, ...... quart. March G, 1781, dinnen rated at $20. and breakfast and suyperat The follon-ing extract iroul tho A~nerirmPioneer (vd. ii. p. 37s) is i 115. Juue 4, 1781, whiskey was ordered to be sold at b.50 per pint. given RS trlio\ving the estrnvagal~t~)ricesof tavern acc~mnl~d~tionthree . All this was, of course, in Continental money."

388 HISTOltP OF PAYETTE COUNTY, PENXSYLVANIA. ,

1788. Logan's name d;es not appear afterwards, but ; he had no brutal instinct in his nature, but was one Knapp was licensed in sccceeding gears to 1792. I of the most amiable and kind-hearted of men. Dr. Robert McClure opened a tavern in December, Cornelius Lynch was licensed as an inn-keeper in 1792, on the west part of the ground now occupied by March, 1795. Heowned and carried on a brewery on the residence of Alesander Ewing. He kept the the west side of Morgantown Street near Main, and house until 1813, and was owner of it as late as 1819. Ilia tavern-house was doubtless at the same place. In April of that year lie advertised it for sale, men- After his death his widow kept a baker-shop there for tioning it as "the house nearly opposite the court- 1 many years. house, which has been occupied as a tavern, and is Richard Weaver, wlio first received license in June, one of the best stands in town." ' 1795, kept a log tavern on Elbow (Main) Street, at or Thomas Collins (son of John Collins, the pioneer near the present site of the McClelland House. Later inn-keeper of Uniontown) received a tavern license the property passed to William McClelland, who was in 1'794, and opened a house where the Tremont I licensed as an inn-keeper in December, 1802. Alfred building now stands, on the southeast corner of Xain ' McClelland, the son of William, built the McClelland and Morgantown Streets. This became one of the House, which is still owned by the McClelland family leading public-houses of the town.' An open grass- and carried on as a hotel. plat adjoining the house on the east was a favorite ' At the September session of 1796 there were before resort for lawyers and clients during the terms of the court forty-eight applications for tavern licenses court. South of and adjoining the tavern lot was the I in the county, of which twelve were by parties in market lot, on which stood the old wooden market- 1 Uniontown, among- whom-besides such as have al- house, though the date of its erection is not known. ready been mentioned-were Joseph Baker, Anthony Thomas Collins kept this tavern until 1811. In the Swaine, Ellis Bailey,? John Slack, John Tarr, David war of 1812 he was in comn~andof a company locally , Morris, and James Langsley. John Slack's tavern known as the "Madison Rowdies." When the major of mas on the corner of Meadow Alley and Main Street, the regiment to which it was attached was wounded, on the Judge Nathaniel Ewing property. In the Capt. Collins, as senior line-officer, became major. / Eryette Gazette and Zhion Advertiser of Aug. 23, The one act of his life which (though not entirely 1'799,' he made the following announcement: unjustifiable) he regretted more than any other, was "TO THE PUBLIC-T~~subscriber respectfully in- the giving of an unlucky blow to Patrick McDonald, forms the Public that he continues to keep a House a hatter, who kept a shop west of Gregs's hotel, and of Entertainment at the sign of the Spread Eagle, mas a son-in-law of Christian Tarr. This man, when near the centre of Uniontown. He flatters himself under the influence of liquor, having applied oppro- he will be able to entertain gentlemen to their satis- brious epithets to his wife, Cupt. Collins promptly faction that may be pleased to favor him with their knocked him down, and lie died almost instantly custom. from the effects of the blow. Collins was arrested, "Jnly 24, 1799." tried, and honorably acquitted, but the affair was al- Slack closed his business at the Spread Eagle in ways afterwards a source of great distress to him, for 1800, and in the same year received license to keep a tavern in Wharton to-ivnship. He remained there till 1 Capt. John F. Gray, the vetemn condnctorc~nthe Pittsburgh and Con- nellsville Railroad, ;~ndgraudsonof Capt. ThommCollins, I~as,orrecently 1810! when he was again licensed for Uniontown. He had! in his possession an ancient and time~yellowedcard, printed on the was foreman of the jury in the trial of Philip Rogers ace of hearts, being an iuvitation to a young lady of Fayette Connty to for the rnurder of Polly Williams. Three years later attend a merry.makiagat Collins' Hotel eighty years ago. Thefollow- he was again established in Wharton, and remained ing is nearly ajuc-sbcile of the card: there till his death. s**** U-VIOhr: Noze,nder giA, 18oz.**"9f .. .~~ j - . - d At the September term of court in 1797'the follom- The Cmnjany o/ 11frYs MoUy 8 Meason is Regrrestrd at .a Danm 8 9 on Thurday evcni,zr thr 16, itm'. 2 It appears probal~le,however, that Ellis Bailey was keeping a public- 4 at the HOZSP COL YZW~SCOI- $ ho\se in Uniontown before that time, from a nlention of "Bnyley's Tav- 2 /ins ix G>rion-Town. 6 er~l," found in a notice of n celebration held here on "Inde~endence i! Thomas Ifaa'dm, I I Day" of that year. The notice referred to wns printed in the Weterr& 1 Jntnes Morrison, Xanagrrs. i! Telegraphe, of Washington, Pa., of datu Jniy 19tI1, in the year indicated, 3 14 i/!iaw Lyon. $ - and is as f~llo\\~s: 2~~-~.~~.~a,-\.*~~~~~\.~Y~v-.aYti "USION, Jnly 4, 1796. The Hiss Molly Meason mentioned in the card became the wifc of "This being an annivers;iry of the Era 80 in~portantto Americans, the Daniel lbgers, of Xpw IIaven, Fayette Co. She wiis a dauxhter of Col. independent Companies of Cnvalry and Infantry of this Town and Isaac Mrawn, the first l~roprietorof Mount Braddock, who built tho. County assembled on this occasion, and after a display of military pa- mansion now occnpied by Willianl Beeson. She wls a sister of Gen. rade in honor of the Day, m:ircl~edto the Court-House, where they were T11onla-a Xeason, the eminent lawycr of Uuiolltown, with whom the joined by a number of Citizens from the Town aud itsvicinity, when the Hon. Jolm Dnwson, the futherof E. Kand John N.Dawuon,stUdied law. . following Oration was delivered by Doctor Solomon Drown. [Here fol- She was likewise tlw sister4n-law of MIS. Mary. 3Ieasou.who died quite lows a report of the oration.] The Cavalry then repaired to Mr. Bwy- recently in union tow^. ley's Tnvern and partook of an elegant Repast . . ." Thon~:~sHadden, James Morrison, and Willimn Lyon, the lnanagers 3 In the saruv paper Willimn Tingle informed the public that Ilc bms mentioned in the card, were members of the Fayette County bar, and : lieeping a bouse of entertainment at the sign of '' Commerce of Bree- the former was the grandfather of the Messrs. Harlduu, of Uniontown. . durn," in Morgantown, Va.

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH. 289 ------ing names appeared for the first time as receiving George ~a&enn~,first licensed in August, 1814, tavern license*: Jacob Hagen, John McCormick, Sim- was for a time the keeper of a public-house on the eon Hendrickson, Rue England, Matthew Knapp, and south side of Main Street, near where is now Judge Uriah Martin. Campbell's office. The time of his continuance there James Gregg received his first license in Uniontown , is not known. in June, 1798. His stand was on lot 37 of the origi- It would be hardly practicable to make mention of nal plat (w-llich was purchased by him Feb. 2, l792), , all the ephemeral taverns which have existed in being the site of the present residence of Dr. J. B. I Uniontown during the century which has passed Ewing. The tavern was kept by him until his death, , since John Collins opened the pioneer hostelry in the about 1809. In 1810 his widow, Nancy Gregg, was ' incipient village. It mas only intended to notice a licensed, and continued for some years to keep the ' few of the most ancient ones, but enough have already house, which, under her management, is still recol- been mentioned to show that more than fifty years lected by some of the older citizens. , ago the Main Street of the town had been thickly Ebenezer Bebout, Jesse Barnes, James Allen, John studded with public-houses on bot!i sides, and from Rsckstraw, and James Medtart were licensed tavern- end to end. keepers in Uniorltown in 1798. Medtart's stand was a log house that stood where Mrs. William Wood now At the extreme western en&of the town, on " Ja- lives, on Main Street. He, as well as Allen and Be- cob's Second Addition," is located the oldest public- bout, closed about 1803. house now in existence in the borough,-the " White Pierson Sayres kept a public-house in 1799, on El- Swan," kept by Nathaniel Brownfield. The original bow Street, where E. B. Dawson now lives. Daniel building is a long two-story log structure, the front of Miracle and Lydia Hoffman also had tavern licenses which has in later years been covered with weather- in the same year. Mrs. Hoffman's place was in boarding. It was erected before the year 1800. In Henry's Addition, on Morgantown Street, south of 1805 the property was purchased by Thomas Brown- Fayette Street. fie!d, a native of Frederick County, Va., who emi- In 1801, William Downard opened business in a grated thence to Uniontown in that year. A tavern log tavern, opposite Gregg's, on Main Street, where license granted to him in 1806 for this house is now now are the law offices of Judge Ewing and Judge in possession of his son Nathaniel. Campbell. He continued there until about 1808. He A few years after he purchased the original log afterwards kept at the "watering trough" on the side building, Thomas Brownfield built upon the rear of of Laurel Hill, five miles east of Uniontown. it a brick addition, mhich was used as a dining-room, James Piper received a license in 1801, a~ldcom- and in 1818 a larger addition (also of brick) was menced keeping tavern on the south side of Main built. Mr. Brownfield kept the house until his death, Street, opposite the present residence of the Hon. when his widow and son, Nathaniel, assumed charge. Daniel Kaine. There he swung the sign of "The Later,-about 1834,-Nathaniel came into possession, Jolly Irishman." He was a large, burly man, while and has since been its landlord. The rooms in the his wife, Isabel, was small of stature. It was her old house are not all on a common level, and access custom to sit in the bar-room and spin, while she from one to another is had by short flights of stairs. chatted pleasantly with the patrons of the house. The walls are formed by the hewed logs of the build- At night she would frequently ask her husband, ing, the interstices filled with clay or mortar, and the " Weel, Jimmy, how much money have ye made the whole covered with many coatings of whitewash. day ?" His usual answer was, "None o' yer Eizness, The floors are of oak, but have several times been re- Bell." But as he was generally pretty well intoxi- newed. A commodious yard in the rear of the house cated at that time in the evening, she often managed made it, in the palmy days of the old National road, a to secure a share of the proceeds, and lay it by " for convenient and popular stopping-place for wagoners. a rainy day." James Piper, the son of this couple, In front there is an ancient sign-board, on the aeather- was their pride. They gave'him fair educational beaten surface of which is still visible the figure of a advantages, by which he was enabled to fill with swan, indicating the old-time name of the venerable credit several county offices. Mrs. Piper continued tavern, which has been the home of its proprietor, the tavern after her husband's death, in 1819. Nathaniel Brownfield, from earliest infancy to the William Merryman was the keeper of a tavern age of threescore and ten years. near Margaret Allen's, east of the creek. His first The Eagle Hotel, on Main Street, west of Morgan- license for a house at that place was received by him town Street,was built about 1818, by Ewing McCleary, in 1802. on the lot mhich had previously been owned by Chris- Jacob Harbaugh, ex-sheriff of the county, opened tian Tarr. McCleary was first licensed in 1819, and a tavern in 1811 in a log house owned by Peter Hook, kept it as a hotel until his death. It is still kept as a which stood on the west part of the site of the late public-house, and bears the original name of the Judge Nathaniel Ewing's residence. The stand was Eagle, but is also well known as the Wyatt House. kept by Harbaugh until 1813. The National Hotel, at the corner of Morgantown

290 HISTORY OF BERGEN AND PASSAIC COUNTIES, NEW JERSEY.

- - - and Fayette ~~~~~timas built in 1817 by Judge ' era1 Assembly of this Cornmonwealtb, shall on the first Monday ~h~~~~~rrrnin as a pivate residence, but Tvas aft,er- of Yay, in the year one thousand seven hundred sud ninety- wards adapted a hotel. ~t became fa- ' "e~en, and upon the same day yearly thereafter, meet together - at some convenient place within the said borough, to be appointed mous as a stage-house in the days when the well- / as hereinafter directed, and shall then and there choose by bal- lines ran Orer the road' It was lot two inhebibnts of the borough to be Bur- ~fiirchasedby the notorious Dr. Braddee, and was the \ gesses; one to be High Constable; one to be Town Clerk; and pl~cewhere he planned and esecuted the mail rob- two to advise, aid, and assist the said Burgesses in executing Lcry which is mentioned more fully elsewhere in this the duties snd authorities enjoined on and vested in them by 1:istory. In February, 1845, when James K. Polk, this act, all of which persons shall be duly qualified to elect as then President-elect of the United States, was trav- aforesaid; thnt the Burgess who shall have the greatest number eling by stage over the National road to Washington, of votes shall be called the Chief Burgess ; and that until the mid first Monday of May in the year one thousand seven hun- D. C., accompanied by his wife, they stopped a night dred and ninety-seven, Ephraim Douglass and Alexander Me- at the National, where they held a reception in the McClean be the Burgesses of the said borough, of whom Eph- evening for the people of Uniontown. The landlord rsirn Douglxss shall be called Chief Burgess : that Jacob Knap . of the house at that time mas Joshua Marsh. shall be High Constable; Samuel King, Town Clerk ; and Jo- The hotel now known as the " Spottsylvania" mas seph Huston and Thomas Collins, Assistants to the said Bur- first opened as a tavern in 1816 by Zadoc Walker, gesses." who had been a resident of Uniontown for twenty It is rendered impossible to make the early history of years, having settled here in 1796. It was in this the borough complete, by the unfortunate destruction house that the Marquis de Lafayette was entertained by fire, in 1851,' of the Council rooms, with the records on the occasion of his memorable visit here in 1825. of that body from 1796 to 1842. The action of Coun- Under different names the house has been constantly cil in reference to the laying out of streets ; the erec- kept as a hotel from its first opening to the present tion and regulation of the old market-house; the time. first movement and subsequent action towards the or- The Jennings House, on the northwest corner of ganization of a fire department ; the list of borough Main and Arch Streets, was first opened as a hotel, officers for nearly fifty years, and many other matters though not under its present name, by James C. Sea- of interest were thus lost beyond recovery. ton, who purchased the property nearly sisty years A reincorporation of the borough was effected in ago. Prior to the purchase Thomas Kibben had his 1805 by an act, passed on the 2d of March in that residence on the lot. Since its opening by Seaton the year, which after reciting that "Whereas the inhabi- house has been kept as a hotel constantly till the tants of the borough of Uniontown, in the county of the present time. Fayette, have petitioned for an alteration in the law The Clinton House, on Main Street next east of incorporating said borough, stating that the existing the court-house grounds, mas built as a private resi- lam has been found upon esperiment not so conducive dence by the Ron. Andrew Stewart in 1835, as has to the good order, conveniency, and public utility of the been mentioned. After Mr. Stewart removed from it borough as was expected," proceeded to enact " That it was opened as a hotel by Andrew Byers, after whom Uniontown aforesaid shall still continue and forever came successively as proprietors, St,ephen Snyder, remain a borough under the name and title of ' The -Craycroft, Isaac Kerr, Jesse B. Gnrdner, Springer Borough of Union Town' ; the estent and bounds of 8: ensh haw, Calvin Springer, Bernard Winslow, Wil- which shall continue as heretofore," and provided that liam Springer, and Joseph Wright. in the future the qualified voters should elect as offi- The Fulton House, on Main Street opposite the cers of the borough "One reputable citizen residing Clintou, was built by Seth Howe, who owned and therein, who shall be styled the burgess of the said bor- kept it. He was succeeded by William Thorndell, ough ; and nine reputable citizens, to be a town Coun-

Calvin Springer, David Mahaney, Michael Carter, . - - .------. -. - - -. ..~. - - -.-- and James Moran. I On the 2d of July, lS51, between one and two o'clock P.M., a fire broke out in some of the rear buildings of the Eagle Hotel, which consumed INCORPORATION OF THE BOROUGH. a warehouse, the upper story of the market-house, aud several buildings on IvIorgantown Street. The following is from the minutes of the Coun- Uniontown was incorporated as a borough by an cil in reference to the action of that body, at a meeting held on the day act of the Legislature of Pennsylvania, approved following that of the fire: April 4, 1796, which provided and declared "That "Special Meeting, -, July 3,1851. Uniontown, in the county of Fayette, shall be, and "A special meeting of the Council was ctlled at niue o'clock, July 3d, the same is hereby, erected into a borough which 11y the Preaident, to take into consideration the stilte of affairs in reference to the fire yesterday afternoon, \vhich consnmed the Town Hdl, shall be called the borough of Uniontown, . . ." pro- Conncil Chnmber, and all Becords of the Borough on file," etc. Tbe ceeding to define the boundaries. By the second sec- clerk reported "that minutes of the Council from May 16tli,184", to the tion of the same act it was provided,- present have been saved from the fire." A committee aw appointed to examine and report what waa necessnry to be done to repair the damage "That the freemen of the said borough, who fihall have rc- done to the building by the fire. Their report was adopted, and tile resided within the same for the space of one whole yenr, and pnirs recommended were ordered. A contrnct for the same was awarded ahall in other respects bcentitled to vote for Mcmbersofthe Gen- on the 8th of Jllly following to Matthew Clark at $056.

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH. 291

- ~ cil ; and shall also elect, as aforesaid, one reputable ;he last-nambd place, at or near the intersection of citizen as high constable." Further, the act grant.ed 3hurch and Morgantown Streets. a general extension of the powers and privileges of On the 31st of August, 1814, an advertisement in the borough, and repealed the original act of incor- the local newspaper announced that " Mr. Manisca, poration. The powers and limits of the borough have late of Philadelphia, respectfully informs the ladies since been extended at different times by act of As- and gentlemen of Uniontown and its vicinity that he sembly, the last of which having reference to Union- proposes teaching dancing and the French language town was passed in February, 1873. on the following terms : Dancing, $10 per quarter, $5 entrance; French language, $15 per quarter. School UXIONTO\Vi% FROM IS06 TO IS?5. commences as soon as a sufficient number of Scholars Some matters relative to the business and other can be obtained." history of Uniontom from 1806 to 1819 are given The following item: have been gathered from the below, as found in the columns of the Genius of Lib- recollections of Mr. Ewing Brownfield concerning erfy, which was established in the borough in 1805. the business and appearance of Uniontown from 1815 Its issue of Dec. 3, 1806, contains the following no- to 1818 : tice : East of Brownfield's " White Swan" tavern mas the blacksmith-shop and scythe-manufactory of Nathaniel "The Debating Society meets next Saturday even- Mitchell. Later he moved to where Beeson's flouring at Mr. John Stidger7s. The question then to be ing-mill now stands, at the confluence of Redstone discussed is, ' Would it be good policy for the United Creek and Campbell's Run, and there he erected a States at the present time to enter into an alliance, tilt-hammer, and continued in business for many offensive and defensive, with Great Britain.' years. [Signed] "ONE OF THE MEMBERS." Next east of the blacksmith-shop above mentioned In the Genius of Oct. 7,1809, appears the advertise- was a shoe-shop belonging to Christian Keffer (father ment of James Hutchinson, announcingthat he kept of John Keffer, now living in Uniontown). Next for sale "a general assortment of boots and shoes two was .the residence of Nathaniel ilfitchell, afterwards doors east of Dr. Robert McClure's Inn, opposite the the residence of Dr. Lewis Marchand, and now owned court-house." by Mrs. E. B. Wood. In April, 1812, PresIey Miller advertised his busi- Maj. George Bentley carried on the saddlery business as a tailor, " at the corner houseon Elbow Street, ness at the place where Mrs. William Wood now lires. near the court-house, belonging to Gen. Meason." In John Stidgers carried on the hatting business in a the same year John Haynes advertised as a "cabinet house which is still standing, and occupied by Mrs. and chair maker," and Moses Allen as a " Windsor George Rutter. Stidgers was succeeded by John. chair7, maker. Hendricks. East of Stidgers was David Moreland's In January, 1813, Roberts & Co. advertised as blacksmith-shop. Thomas McKibben lived next east. tailors. Philip Creekbaum was a stone-cutter. Ben- His property w& soon after purchased by James C. jamin Hellen was carrying on the hatting business, Seaton, who opened the house as a tavern. It is now " opposite the [old] market-house." In September the Jennings House. On the opposite side of the of t!~enest year he advertised that he kept a stock of alley from the tavern, and cast of it, was a large yard dry-goods and groceries; and at the same time Ow- used by wagoners. On the present site of the People's ing~& Ebert announced that they had commenced Bank, Daniel B. McCarty had a shoe-shop, with his the hatting business "in the shop lately occupied by dwelling in the rear. For many years he was the Benjamin Hellen, opposite the market-house in Union- leading shoemaker of the town. John Cupp, a bar- town, Pa." The dwelling of Benjamin Hellen was ber, was located where Mr. Ewing Brownfield now opposite the old Baptist Church. Peter Hook lived lives. The lot where the Eagle Hotel now stands was on the Morgantown road, farther south. He had pre- then owned by Christian Tarr, who dug clay upon it viously lived opposite the court-house. He gave a for ,use in his pottery business. Hesoon after sold to dinner at his residence to Capt. Thomas Collins' Ewing McClary, who built the " Eagle" upon it. A company on the eve of their departure for the war log house standing on the lot next east was occupied in 1812. A drummer in that company mas Feltie by a Mr. Harrison as a bake-house and cake-shop. Souders, who lived in the log house where Mr. Clif- Passing on still eastward, the next establishment was ford now lires. Abner Greenland, the potte~,lived Benjamin Hellen's dry-goods store. Nest was Ben- near the mill-race. Previously he had lived on the jamin Campbell's silversmith-shop, and on the corner hill. Gilbert Stiies, a shoemaker, lived on the corner, (where now is Moser's drug-store) was John Camp- south of the present residence of E. Robinson. Next bell's place of business. north was the dwelling of Lewis Lewis, a Revolution- On the north side of the street, where now is John ary soldier, whose wife kept a small bakery. Hi: Wood's saddlery-shop, was a private residence. Next daughter, Mrs. Mary Clemmer, still lives on the was the dwelling of Milly Fossett. On the south- property. John Hibben, Jr., a hatter, li~ednorth ol west corner of Main and Morgantown Streets lived

HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, YBXSSYLVANIA.

Mrs. Lynch, widow of Cornelius Lynch, and mother houses, kept respectively by Mrs. Crawford, George of Daniel P. Lynch. She kept a cake and beer-shop Manypenny, and Samuel Salter, and a store kept by on the same spot mhere, prior to 1800, her husband one " Doctor" Lickey. On the present Ewing prop- had a brewery. erty stood a number of dilapidated buildings occupied for various uses. Mr. Thomas Nesmith gives the following among his recollections of Uniontown at about the period before A number of items having reference to the business referred to : of the borough during the five or six years succeeding The Ge)~iu.sof Liberty office at that time was in a the close of the war of 1812-15 are given below, as frame building on the south side of Main Street, east gleaned from newspapers of that period : of the Cdlins tavern stand. Gen. Henry Beeson was In September, 1816, Thomas Young announced to keeping a store where Isaac Beeson afterwards kept the public that he "continues to carry on the fulling for many years. East of it lived Benjamin Miller, and dyeing and dressing of cloth at his former stand who afterwards kept a tavern in the east end of the in Uniontown, and having employed an assistant in town. Robert Skiles lived where now is Calvin the business, who for the space of fifteen years past Springer's store. Skiles' store was at the place now has been employed in the different factories in Wales," occupied by Hunt's jewelry-store. believed that he could give good satisfaction to cus- At the time referred to (1815) Zadoc Walker's tomers. tavern (now the Spottsylvania House) was in process In 1819 is found the announcement that " Charles of erection. His son-in-law, Matthew Irwin, lived I'hirwell (recently from England) begs leave respect- west of the tavern stand, where he kept a store. He fully to inform the inhabitants of Uniontown that was after\vards postmaster of Uniontown. Where the he has commenced the business of joiner, house-car- Jacob Niller propert,y now is, there was then a brick penter, house-painter, and cabinet-maker." house owned by the Springers. In that house a store May 15, 1819, David Shriver gives notice that he was kept by Richard Berry. The old Jonathan mill attend at his office in Brownsville to receive pro- Downer house stood on the corner, where in more posals in writing for constructing the whole or any recent yeats Thomas Skiles erected the Concert Hall part of the road from Uniontown to Washington, Pa. Block. On the south side of the street, nearly mid- In the same year (June 1, 1819) Samuel Wolverton way between Morgantown Street and Broadway, was advertised that he had erected a carding-machine in the saddlery-shop of John Lewis. Dr. Hugh Camp- the Uniontown mill, and would card all kinds of wool bell kept a drug-store in the house built by himself, in the best manner and at short notice. On the same and afterwards occupied by Robert Modisett. date Morgan A. Miller announced that he was carry- In 1815 there were two match-houses in the borough, ing on the tailoricg business " two doors west of Mr. -one in the vicinity of the court-house, and one near McClelland7stavern," and George Manypenny adver- the Thomas Collins tavern stand, at Main and Mor- tised for "a steady boy to ride post two days of every gantown Streets. week." A store was kept by Crane & Withrow on Main The following list of tradesmen and those following Street, very near what is now the northeast corner of other occupations in Uniontown in 1819 is taken that street and Broadway,-property later owned by from the county commissioners' records for that year: Samuel Harah. John Barr, confectioner, and John Merchants, J. and S. Y. Campbell. Strayer, saddler, carried on their business at the old Tanner, Jacob Miller. John Collins tavern stand (now the site of Commer- Blacksmith, N. Mitchell. cial Block). Andrew Byers kept a public-house and Wagon-maker, H. Kerns. James Lindsey a store in part of this same building.. Hatter, Samuel Brown. Lindsey's store was afterwards kept by his son-in-law, Cabinet-maker, J. Philips. Samuel Clevinger. Shoemaker, D. B. McCarty. Near where Mrs. Dr. Porter now lives, there was Saddler, George Bently. then a silversmith-shop, carried on by Hardesty Carpenter, Enos West. Walker, a son-in-law of Silas Bailey. Jonathan Chair-maker, J. Vankirk. Romland, justice of the peace, occupied the brick Inn-keeper, C. Wiggins. house east of Dr. Ewing's present residence. Facing Attorney, Andrew Stewart. the court-house was a small shop kept by Nancy and Pri~ters,Bouvier & Co. Mary McCaccan, and well patronized by the children Justice of the Peace, T. Hadden. of the borough at that time. Prothonotary, J. St. Clair. On the south side of the main street above the Register, Alexander McClean. bank building (now the Soubhwest Railroad depot) Sheriff, J. Withroiv. were the stores of George Ebbert, Hugh Thompson, Constable, James Winders. Jacob Beeson, and Reuben and Ellis Bailey, the Silversmiths, Walker & Wilson. law-office of John Lyon, a succession of public- Nailer, Campbell Johnson.

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH. 293

Physicians, Campbell & Narchand. Barney Boyle, single; valuation, $130: tax, $1.20. Schoolmaster, John 8.Doune. Jwse Beeson, farmer; valuation, $SOU ; tar, S9.20. Minister, Willialn Wylie. Ellis Baily, gentleman; $4450, and dog, horse, and cow; tax, $51.50. Stone-masons, Bugle & Ferner. Bank of Union. valuation $2500. Iron-master, John Oliphant. Thomas Brownfield, inn-keeper; vaIaation, $3000 ; 9 cattle, Manager, A. Dempseg. L dog; I$ acres outlot. at $150; tax, $39.20. Tailors, Manship 6t Black. Everhart Bierer, valuation, $700 ; 1cow and two dogs; tau, Tinner, Joseph Kibbler (Kibbler's place of busi- 311.90. ness was advertised as " opposite William McClel- James Brinton, hatter; $60. land's tavern." Another in the same business soon Henry Beeson, miller: grain- and fulling-mill ; valuation, afterwards n7as James L4. Yerk, whose shop mas "one $7800. door east of Brownfield's tavern." Isaac Beeson, merchant; vsluation, $5780; tax, S55.'i0. Richard Bierer, clerk, $300 ; tar, S3. An advertisement, dated Oct. 2,1821, is found in Hugh Campbell, doctor : $1 740. the Genius qf Liberty of that pear, as follows : Thomas Collins, $2500, and 2 out-lots. I Samuel Y. Campbell, merchant ; $2500. " I Public notice hereby give, Elijah Crossland, butcher. In Union town where I do live, William Crawford, saddler. I Grindstones keep, and them do eell; Philip S. Crickbaum, hatter. The grit is good, I make them well. Samuel Carroll, nig.; laborer; $60. With Whet Stones, also, I'll supply Ephrai~nDouglass, S. R. ; valuation, $1150. A11 those that wish for to buy; John Dawson, attorney ; tax, $35.10. Good money I will take in pay, Jonathan Downer, N. R.; tax, $20. But paper trash, keep that away. Ephraim Douglass, student ; $120 ; tas, $3. Good bargains I will let you have Nathaniel Ewing, attorney; valuation, $200. If you good monoy to me give: George Ebbert, merchant. I'll make them honest, good, and just, William Ebbert, hatter. But do not like too long to trust. Thornton Flemming, minister; $500. Old debts are often in dispute, Frederick, nig. And likely to bring on lawsuits, Robert Kinkead. Therefore 'tis best take care in time, David Moorland, blacksmith. The Grind Stone yours, the money mine. John Miller, tanner; valuation, $7500. The weather now gets very cold, Darid Lewis, barber. Bad fires make the women scold; Thomas Lewis, tailor. Therefore buy grindstones, and keep peace, William XcClelland, inn-keeper. The women then will give you ease. Lewis Marchand, doctor. The time is now drawn very near Benjamin Millel: inn-keeper. When you must kill your Hogs and Steers; Ewing McCleary, inn-keeper. Therefore, buy whetstones right away, Jacob B. Miller, attorney. Then you can butcher any day. Nathaniel Mitchell, commissioner. Take my advice, come on right quick, And of my stones have the first pick, Jacob Ott, hatter. Thomas Prentice, laborer.' For I the money want right bad, James Piper, attorney. So faw you well, my bonest lads. Widow Price. "Oct. 2, 1821. PHILIPCREEKBAUM, JR. John Rutter, gentleman. c'N.B.-AII pcrsons indebted to me are requested to make pay- James C. Senton, inn-keeper. ment before the nest FROST, and save costs. P. C." Zadoc Springer, N. R. Andrew Stewart, attorney. Creekbaum's grindstone-quarry was seven miles Robert Skiles, merchant. from Uniontown, on John Graham's plantation, two Dennis Springer's heirs. miles from Laurel Hill meeting-house. Office in .Tames Shriver, gentleman. Uniontown. Daniel Sturgeon, doctor. In an old list of tasables of Union Borough tcm- Hugh Thompson, merchant. ship for the year 1824, now in possession of George Cornelius Vanderhoof, laborer. W. Rutter, are found these ,names of residents of Thomas Wharton, shoemaker. Uniontown at that time, with amount of tax, valua: Zndoc Walker, inn-keeper. James Winders, constable. tion, and remarks : John Wood, horse-doctor. John M. Austin, attorney ; valuatior, $3770 J tax, $56.50. Enos West, carpenter. Henry H. Beeson, gentleman ; valuatian, $2500 : 1dog. William Wood, saddler. Richard Barry, merchant; valuation, SO@; tas, $5.10 ; 1 Jacob Wood, nig. dog. James A. Yerli, tinner. Milton Baily, tar. $1.50. James ~oyle,bricklayer; valuation, $500 ; do. out-lot, 2 acres; The following notes appear on the last page of the 1 dog. transcript :

HISTOHY Oh' FAYBTTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. - Stephen Becket, come in, raluation, $120. mas. dissolved, this western country presented to the William Carroll, b. maker, valuation, $160; come in. eye of the observer a vast wilderness inhabited by Jonathan Binns, s. master, valuation, Sl0. savages. It would not but be gratifying to your feel- Thomas Ewing, gentleman, come of age, $120. ings now to observe the astonishing change, the won- Henry Haws, miller, come in, $120. derful contrast; and be assured, sir, it would be Ewing Brownfield, clerk, come of age, $120. Samuel Winder, inn-keeper, come in, 8810. highly gratifying to our feelings to do honor to him Thomas MeKibbin, prothonotary, come in, 520.15. who so essentially contributed to produce our present Moses Shaw, Isborer, come in, 860. happy condition, to display our attachment to the Matty Hall, woman from J. Beeson, $100. principles of the Revolution by evincing gratitude to David Mathas, laborer, single man, come in, $120. the one who, surrounded by the splendors of nobility William Brown, laborer, single, come in, d120. and comforts of wealth at home, risked his life and Robert Hemphill, saddler, single, come in, 8120. his fortune in defense of a destitute and an oppressed Joseph NcGee, blacksmith, single, come in, $60. people abroad, and to express our regard for the James Shay, tailor, come in, $120. John Lewis, one lot, valuation, 0500. rights of mankind by greeting with a hearty welcome Wilson Patrick, single, come of age, $1 20. the man who has been the uniform friend of liberty Edward Garin, baker, come in, $200. and the determined enemy of tyranny both in Europe Thomas Haymaker, blacksmith, $210. and America." James Cannon, hatter, come in, $200. John Wesley Philip, single, come of age, $120. La Fayette haviug signified his acceptauce of the alike, a colored man, come in, laborer, $60. invitation, was met on his arrival at Washington, Isaac Skiles, 1 dog, $10. Pa.. by Col. Evans and other members of the Union- James Morro\v, tailor, single, come in, $120. town committee, who then at once sent back a com- John Sankston, clerk, single, come in, $120. munication to their borough authorities as follows : Thomas McDonald, c. maker, come of age, 5120.

John McCleary, s. smith, come in, 150. " WASHISGTON,P.4., Wednesday, Josh McClelland, farmer, 5120, S. M., come of age. May 25,18'25, 6 o'cl'k P.M. Samuel Starns, farmer, $120, come of age. " General La Fayette arrived at 5 P.M. He will Tinited States [?I, the bank house, 82500; do. Mrs. Lyons' leave this place to-morrow morning early, will break- house, $1200, and orchard of D., 8250. fast at Hillsborough, dine at Brownsville, and sup Bnnk of United States [?I, 1 house and lot, $1200 : 1out-lot, and lodge at Uniontown. This arrangement is fixed ; 5200. you may act with certaint,~." OF PAYETTE IN THE VISIT LA 1825. In accordance with the arrangements above indi- A notable event in the history of Uniontown, and cated, the Marquis, rvith his son, George Washington one which is still fresh in the memory of some of La Fayette, and his private secretary, Monsieur Le the older citizens of the borough, was the visit, in Vasseur, left Washington on the morning of the 26th, Map, 1825, of the Marquis de La Fayette, who had escorted by the Fayette County committee, and pro- landed in America in the previous year, and having ceeded by. nay- of Brownsville to Uniontown, where extended his tour from the seaboard to the Ohio, pro- the greatest enthusiasm prevailed in view of the exceeded thence eastward, acroFs Washington County, ~ectedarrival of the honored guest, and where very to the Monongahela, and to the county-seat of Fay- extensive preparations had been made to receive him. ette. In anticipation of his coming to Uniontown, a The borough, particularly its main street and the ap- committee of correspondence and reception was approaches tb the court-house, had been gayly deco- pointed, composed of Col. Samuel Evans, Thomas rated for the occasion with arches and evergreens; Irwin, Andrew Stewart, John Damson, and Robert military companies, both infantry and artillery, were Skiles. This committee addressed a letter of invita- rendezvoused there to march in column as a guard of tion to the nation's distinguished guest, in which honor, and all the people of the town, with great crowds they said : from the surrounding country, were waiting in anx- " GESERALLA FAYETTE: iety and excitement to join in the acclamation which " The citizens of Fayette County, participating in was to greet the hero of the day. the universal joy diffused by your visit to the United The following account of the arrival of La Fayette States, have appointed the undersigned to congratu- at Uniontown and the succeeding ceremonies is from late you upon your safe arrival, to express the grate- an issue of the Genius of Liberty, published a few ful sense they entertain for the brilliant services you days after the great event : have rendered to this country, and respectfully to say " On Thursday, about eleven o'clock A.M., the Hon- that, if convenience and inclination would permit orable Albert Gallatin arrived, escorted by a detach- the extension of your tour to this part of the Union, ment of the Fayette Guards, commanded by Capt. they would delight to manifest that respect and ven- Wood. He was met in the vicinity of the town by eration for your person which they have always enter- Capt. Beeson, at the head of the Union Volunteers, tained for your character. and by them conducted to Mr. Walker's Hotel. The " When the tie which bound us to Great Britain Youghiogheny Blues, commanded by Capt. Smith,

UYIONTOWN BOROUGH. 295 and the Pennsylvania Blues, commanded by Capt. ' tionate welcome. His best liquors were spread in McClelland, arrived also early in the day, and the profusion on the tables, and great pains were taken citizens in great numbers began to throng the streets. / to give the crowd of anxious visitors an introduction The artillery, under the command of Capt. Gorley, 1 to the General. The next day, as the General returned mas posted on an eminence at the west end of the I from Mr. Gallatin's, he mas received in Geneva mith town, with orders to give notice of the approach of great enthusiasm, especially by the ladies, with the General La Fayette. lady of Capt. Wood at their head. They were ranged "The day was uncommonly fine and pleasant. on the sidewalk with garlands of flowers in their About half-past five o'clock r.x the General's prox- 1 hands, which they gracefully waved and strewed be- ilnity to town was announced by a discharge of thir- fore him. On his arrival in Union he was again met teen guns. The Volunteer Companies, under the by a crowd of citizens. The ladies of Uniontown had command of Major Lynch, were stationed on the assembled en masse, dressed in white, and most beau- hill near the residence of the late J. Beeson. At six tifully bedecked with wreaths of roses and bunches of the General arrived at that point, and the procession flowers in their hands, which they waved as he passed, was formed agreeably to the order previously arranged i in token of the grateful feeling with which they were by the marshals of the day. General La Fayette was I affected. After the General alighted from his carriage drawn by four elegant bays in a neat barouche; on he was introduced to them in the piazza of Mrs. each horse was a postillion dressed in white with a / Walker's house, to which they had repaired for that blue sash. George Washington La Fayette was driven ' purpose, and he was pleased to express much satisfac- tandem by Mr. Stockton in his elegant barouche, tion at this flattering testimony of respect. The arches and Mr. Le Vasseur rode mith John M. Austin, Esq., were again most splendidly illuminated throughout in a gig. The procession passed along the main street, the evening. . . ." under the two triumphal arches, to the court-house ; The following account, written by William Thomp- here the General left his carriage and entered the pa- son, at that time a teacher in Madison College, was vilion prepared for his reception, where he was met published in the National Journal of June 7,1825: by the Hon. Albert Gallatin and Gen. E. Doug@ss." 1 "General La Fayette has paid us his promised visit ; [Here follows a report of the address of welcome , and truly the reception which he has had from the delivered by the Hon. Albert Gallatin, the reply of / people of Uniontown and his exalted countryman, La Fayette, and the adjournment of the company to Mr. Gallatin, has been worthy of the great occasion Walker's Hotel (now the "Spottsylvania House") for 1 which called forth such. extraordinary honors. the evening's entertainment.] La Fayette and Mr. ' " Fop several days previous to the General's arrival Gallatin had been warm personal friends many years I at this place, our citizens, were actively engaged in previously, and nos, after a long separation, they met making suit,able preparations. Two beautiful and I1 and embraced each other with an emotion and fervor I well-constructed arches were thrown across the main which was extremely affecting to those who witnessed street. A platform, elegantly decorated, was put up it. near the court-house, on which it was determined to "At an early hour an elegant supper was served, of receive and address the General. The ladies of the nrhicli the General and suite and a large company of place seemed to vie with each other in decorating the gentleuien partook. On the right of Gen. La Fayette arches and the platform. When completed, the arch mas placed Gen. Douglass, on his left the Hon. Albert displayed a good share of taste and beauty. We no- Gallatin, and to the right of Gen. Douglass, Governor ticed on the one at the east end of the town the fol- Morrow (of Ohio) and his aides, and to the left of Mr. lowing inscription : 'Lessons to Tyrants !' ' Pork Gallatin Judge Baird and the Revolutionary soldiers. and Brandywine !' On the opposite side : ' Friends of After supper toasts were drank and the company re- Freedom !' 'Washington and La Fayette.' This arch tired. . . . was surniounted with an eagle bearing the American " In the evening the whole town was illuminated. flag. We also noticed on the arch at the west end of On the following morning, at six o'clock A.M., the the town the following sentiment:

General set out, in company with Mr. Gallatin, for the " ' La Fayette, ltAnii de 1'IIomme ! ' residence of the latter, escorted by a number of the This was SO placed as to take the General's eye at his Union Volunteers, mounted, the marshals, the conl- entrance into the town. On the reverse we observed mittee of escort, and many citizens. They stopped a the following lines under the memorable date 1776 : few minutes at Brownfieldtown ; at Geneva the escort was joined by the Fayette Guards, and after passing " ' Our choicest welcome hereby is exprcst through the town amidst a numerous assemblage of In heartfelt hon~ngeto the Nation's Guest.' citizens, they proceeded to the farm of Mr. Gallatin ; "It was understood the General would arrive at here a multitude had assembled to greet the distin- Uniontown on the evening of Thursday, the 26th inst. guished benefactor of the human race. Mr. Gallatin's The Hon. Albert Gallatin, mho had been invited to house was thrown open, and the great concourse which address the General on his arrival, reached town thronged about it received froin him the most affec- about twelve o'clock. He was met by the Union Vol-

296 HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. - unteers, under the command of Capt. Bceson, and en- John hIilrun. John F. Beck. tered the town under a discharge of artillery. Soon I William Crawford. William Ebert. after this two other companies of volunteers arrived , George Rine. Henry H. Griffith. Daniel 1'. Lynch. Jesse Covert. from Connellsville and the vicinity. Xuch company Joseph Akens. Caleb Chevorent. continued to arrive until fire o'clock. About this time Jnmes Piper. James Hibben, Jr. General La Fayette, in an open carriage drawn .by 1 James Ebert. Jacob Poundstone. four horses, with four drirers suitably attired, entered 1 Joseph Faucett. Thomas Simons. the town. He was followed by his son, Col. George i Henry Ebert. Andrew McMaster. I Washington La Fayette, and Mr. Le Vasseur, private 1 N. G. Sruith. Abrahatn Beagle. secretary to the General, in another carriage. After- I A. Madison. B. K. Nerchand. wards followed a great number of our most respectable Morgan A. Miller. Isaac Beeson. citizens, in gigs and on horseback, the marshal$, com- David Victor. Hugh Campbell. Thomas J. Miller. Seth Wood. We noticed Gen. I mittee of arrangements, etc., et~. Joseph P. McClelland. Thomas Irwin. Markle, Gen. Beeson, and several other Field Officers Edward Hooper. Andrcw Craig. in full uniform. As the cavalcade approached the dndrew Stewart. Hardesty Walker. town thirteen rounds were fired from the Artillery. Edward Hyde. William H:~rnilton. The three companies of Volunteers also kept up a I Alesander Turner. John Rutter. feu de joie. I William Walker. John Winder. (6 In passing through the main street the General Samuel AI. Clement. Jacob B. 3liller. bowed repeatedly to the ladies, who were ranged at William Bryson. R. C. Wood. John M. Hadden. Benj;rmin Clark. the different mindows. The townspeople an3 other I Thomas Greenland. Matthew Clark. spectators on each side of the street remained uncov- 1 Ewing Brownfield. Eli M. Gregg. ered as the General passed on to the platform, near Samuel Yeakle. Thomas J. Miller. the Court-House. There he alighted, and after re- John Dawson. maining a short time, rose to receir-e the address of The by-laws designated the association as the Mr. Gallatin After the delivery of the address . . . ,, UGon Volunteers,; and it mas pro\-ided by section and the reply the spectator' joined in three heady 3 tllat the members of the company shall meet for cheers to the General and the orator, who then retired parade at the court-house in Union at o,clock to Mr. Wa1ker7s The evening .Ivas 'pent in A.M., on the fourth Saturday of August, September, gaiety and hilarity. Every one who requested it had and October, the 22d of February, and lst of May.,, the honor of an introduction, and the conduct of the In October, 1823, the oEcers of the ', Volunteers,, General was universally pleasing. After daylight the I I[as shown by the company roll, which is still in exist- town mas illuminated in honor of its distinguished I I Ience) mere : Captain, John B. Treyor ; First Lieu- visit.ors. . . ." 1 tenant, Seth Wood ; Second Lieutenant, John Lewis ; On the morning of the 29th of May, 1825, Gen. La First Sergeant, James Hibben; Second Sergeant, Fayette, accompanied by Col. Samuel Evans and sev- Alexander Turner ; Third Sergeant, Joseph Akens ; eral other members of the reception committee, with Fourth Sergeant, ~&nielBlack. a large cavalcade of citizens, left Uniontomn and pro- And the following named mere designated as the ceeded on his way to Pittsburgh. The committee ac- musicians of the company : J. B. Miller, John Beck, companied him as far as Elizabethtown, Allegheny William Morris, dlfred Meason, clarionet ; Wm. Lee, Co., where the final parting took place, and he was George Meason, John Rini, Benjamin Miller, flute; received by a similar conlmittee from Pittsburgh, es- Edward Hoff, fifer ; William M. Mutton, side drum ; corted by Maj.-Gen. Markle and Maj. Alexander, with Thomas Bryant, bass drum. two companies of artillery. -4t a meeting of the company held May 3,1824, "A motion mas made by Capt. John B. Trevor to UNION VOLUNTEERS. form a battalion by joining with the Fayette Blues of The uniformed company of " Union Volunteers" Brownsville and the Youghiogheny Blues of Con- which took so prominent a part in the ceremonies at- nellsville, if the two said companies should agree to tendant on the reception to Gen. La Fayette in 1525 the same. The voice of the company being called was formed in 1823. The first meeting for organiza- for, it was agreed to by a large majority of the com- tion was held on the 23d of August in that year, on pany ." which occasion articles of association mere adopted On the 2d of May, 1825, at a meeting of the com- and signed by the following-named persons : pany, it was John B. Trevor. William Gregg. "Resolced, That a committee, to consist of fire persons, be Samuel Evans. James Shrirer. appointed to co-operate with any committee that may be ap- Robert Skiles. Wilson Swain. pointed by the Town Council to ascertain theprecise time when James A. Yerk. Daniel Black. Gen. La. Fnyette will visit this place and to make suitable ar- Thomns Patton. John Lewis. rangements for his reception, and that they appoint some per- Richard Beeson. Isaac Wood. son tu deliver an atldrcss to him accordingly. Mrcj. Evans,

UNIONTOWN BOROLG [I.

Hugh Campbeil, John Jhwson, Jaures Piper, 2nd Jacob B. Blues, Capr. Ifli~te;Faytte Caralry, Capt. Oliphant: Nonon- Miller were the members fixed on to compose this committee. gahela Cn.mlry, Capt. Simoneon. "Xeeobed, That so soon as the time of his arrival shall hare "The comp:mies assembled in parade order on Tuesday, at been ascertained the committee shall make it known by publi- 10 A.M.,when Cd. W. Kedick assumed the command, assisted cation in the Gcnive o"f Liberty and dmericm Ol,xertier, and by Lieut.-Col. Phillips, Majs. Morly and Frmcis, and by Adjt. shall invite the several volunteer corps of this county and the Brownfield. The troops were marched out of town to the adjoining counties to join us in welcoming the Nation's Guest." medow near the bridge, at the west end of the borough, the property of James Todd, pcilitely offered to the military by the The prominent part taken by the Volunteers [then proprietor, where the usual military erulutions were performed, under command of Capt. Beeson) h the rece-tion of when the corps was received by Maj.-Gen. Johns, with his aides, La Fayette at Uniontoxn has already been noticed iu AIajs. Flennikin, Jackson. and Gardner. On the last day of the account of that event. the p:lrsde (Thursday) the visiting troops were escorted out of town by the Union Volunteers ; great good will and harmony The company participated in an unusually grand char~cterizedthe ' three great days.' " military display at a Fourth of July celebration held in the year 18% at Uniontown, on which occasion The officers of the company elected Aug. 15. 1842, Col. Samuel Evans was president of the day; Daniel were : Captain, William McCleary ; First Lieutenant,\ P. Lynch, vice-president; and t.he Hon. Thomas Ir- Francis L. Wilkinson; Second Lieutenant, John win, orator of the day. It mas one of the largest and Knight. m~stenthusiastic celebrations eyer held in Fayette The following transcript from the company record County. shows the action taken by the Volunteers at a meeting A general muster of the military of this section held at Uniontown, Tuesday, Nov. 24, 1846, viz. : was held near Uniontomn on the 8th and 9th of Sep- I " Whereas s call has been made by the President of the United tember, 1831. The event was mentioned as follows in i States for one infantry regiment of volunteers to serve in the the minute-book of the Union Volunteers : I Mexican war, :md the Uniou Volunteers heing cslledout to know ' if they will offer their services, "The companies present were the Fayette Cavalry: Capt. ' '-We. the subscribers, members of the Union Volunteers and William Walker; Lafayette Artillerists, Capt. Thomas Patton; others. hereby agree and do offer our services to the President Youghiogheny Blues (infantry from Connellsville), Capt. Jo- I of the United States to serve as members of the Union Volun- seph Rogers; Addison Blues (infantry from Smithfield, Sorner- I teer Company, if it shall raise the requisite number, and under set Co.), Capt. Endsley; Pennsylvania Blues (infantry), Capt. its present officers, to serve to the end of the Mexican war Allen ; Youghiogheny Greens (rifles from Wew Haven), Capt. ' unless sooner discharged. H. Blackstone Youghiogheny Sharpshooters (rifles from , "Witness our hands this 24th day of November, 1846 : Capt. Smithfield, Somerset Co.), Capt. Ewing Union Volunteers Samuel 8. Austin, M. S. Stanley, Edmund Beeson, John B. (infantry), Cnpt. Reeson. t;orley, Rohert IT. Jones, R. Skiles Austin, Richard Irwin, *' The field-officers were Col. Samuel Evans, colonel command- A~nziS. Puller. Thomas R. Davidson, George D. Swearingen, ant of the First Regiment Fayette Volunteers; Maj. Ewing Eli 31. Gregg, Bhsalom Guiler, Edmund Rine, W. B. West, John Brownfield and Mnj. Jacob Murphy, of the regiment ; Joshua I JIeCuen, Alfred Howell, John Sturgeon, J. R. Cramford, Joshua B. Howell, adjutant; Maj. Piper, from Smithfield; Maj.-Gen. B. Howell, John Sutton, C. H. Beeson, R. N. Walker, TV. P. Henry W. Beeson, with his aides, Joseph Torrence and R. P. I Wells. W. W. Smith, R. T. Gallowny, Benjamin Desilems, Evan Flennikin; Brig.-Gen. Solomon G. Krepps and :rides, William / Shriver, Elijah Sader, A. M. Gorley, William Freeman, Abraham Murphy and James Patterson. H. Johnson." The field of parade was that owned by Lucius W. Stockton, Esq., west of his residenee, adjacent to the Sational road, which The Union Volunteers did not, as a company, enter he generously threw open for the purpose. Comfortttble quar- the United States service, but many of its members ters were furnishcd for the visiting troops by the committee. went to Mexico in Capt. Quail's company of Col. "The troops exhibited a fine appearance and correct more- William B. Roberts' regiment, as noticed in the gen- ments. Harmony and good order prevailed during the parade. The visiting troops were escorted into and out of town by the eral military history of the county. ' Union Volunteers' and ' Lafayette Artilleristk,' and on their In 1855 the company took the name of "Cameron departure espressed their high gratification with their visit. Union Volunteers," in compliment to the Hon. Simon Sic trunsit gloria ntundi." Cameron, from whom, in consequence, it received the gift of a beautiful silk flag, with a fine sword to each On the 17th of August, 1835, Joshua B. Howell was of the commissioned officers. The presentation speech elected captain, William B. Roberts, first lieutenant, / was made by Alfred Patterson, in behalf of Mr. Cam- and William McDonald, second lieutenant of the , eron, and was responded to by Capt. C. E. Swearingen Union Volunteers. A grand field-parade mas held at for the company. .TTniontown on the 29th and 30th of September and In December, 1857, the Volunteers passed a resolu- 1st of October in that year, of which the following tion tendering their services to the President of the account is taken from the company record: United States to serve in Utah against the Mormons. The tender was signed by Capt. C. E. Swearingen and "The companies assembled at the griind parade were the Tinion Volunteers, Capt. Howell ; Bellsville Artillerists, Ctrpt. twenty-three other members of the company; but Gregg; Brownsville Artillerists. Capt. More; Mount Plessant their services mere not required. Blues, under the command of its first lieute~xmt;Poughiogheny On the llt,h of December, 1858, Andrew Stewart,

298 HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

Jr., mas elected1 captain of the company, and Peter April, 1844, F. Bierer mas appointed by the Council Heck first lieutenant. "to investigate the facts in reference to the suit ex- The last record of any business connected with the pected with A. Stewart for the old market-house company, is a return roll dated June 6, 1859. This property." And again, in the records of the Council, roll contains the names of fifty-six members, in- Jan. 28, 1851, is found that, in-reference to "Andrew cluding Capt. Andrew Stewart, Jr., Peter Heck, first Stewart r.s. the Burgess and Town Council of Union lieutenant, Thomas Brownfield, second lieutenant, Borough in case of the Old Market-House," it was Thomas M. Fee, orderly sergeant. ordered that James Veech be paid 815 for services as On the back of the last entry (June 6, 1859) in the attorney for the borough. Finally the land in ques- record-book of the Union Volunteers is written, tion became the property of Mr. Stewart. without date or signature, the following remark : "Thus ends the career of one of the oldest and bcst The matter of the erection of a new market-house companies ever organized under the militia ordinance. came up at a meeting of the Council on the 14th of Xany of the members have awakened the patriotism March, 1543, when, on motion of William B. Roberts, of senators and representatives of their country, and the following preamble and resolution mere adopted, left names which gild the history of their country, viz.: "Whereas, owing to the rapid increase of our and some have left their bones to bleach on the bat- Borough, it is believed to be necessary, for the con- tle-grounds of Mexico." venience of our Citizens, that there should be Two Market-houses7 and resolved, therefore, that we erect FACTS FROM THE BOROUGH RECORDS. tin additional Market-House on the Public Ground The oldest volume of borough records now in es- deeded to the Citizens of Jacob's First and Second istence commences with the date Monday, May 16. Additions by Jacob Beeson (deceased). Passes unani- 1842. It appears that before this time (1842) the mously." It was also " Resolved, that a committee of borough authorities had decided to build a new mar- three be appointed to draft plans for the New Market- ket-house on a site other than that occupied by the House." At a meeting of the Council on the 23d of March it mas resolved "That t,he Draft handed in by old one, which had been in use for many years. It stood on a lot south of and adjoining Thomas Collins' W. B. Roberts for a Market-House, to be Sixty feet hotel property. It was a frame building, about twenty- long and twenty-four feet wide, be adopted." W. B. five by fifty feet in dimensions, not divided into stalls, Roberts, .John Bradbury, and James Veech were ap- but rented by the borough to four occupants. ~ver: pointed a committee " to perfect the plan, and with ard Bierer, Elijah Crossman, Lewis Mabley, and power to contract for building a market-house." On the 24kh of April, the same year, the Council others rented it in this way. When the Council resolved to build a new market-house in place of this resolved "That the petition of sundry citizens for a old one the heirs of Thomas Collins regarded this ac- delay of confirming and accepting the proposals for tion as a vacation of the old premises, and accord- building the market-hoose-be laid on the table." At ingly claimed the property. In relation to this ques- the same meeting it was resohed " that the building tion the Council resolved, on the 6th of June, 1842, committee enter into an agreement with Barry at "That the burgess and Joseph Riley be appointed to once to build the market-house." On the 2d of May wait on A. Stewart, Esq., to see what are his views following, the Council "adjourned to view the public with respect to the ground on which the market- ground where the market-house is to be built, and re- house now stands, and report at the next meeting." solved that the house be built so as to run from east No report of this committee is found, and on the 2d to west." On a review of the ground " Took a re- of January, 1843, Messrs. Crawford and Bierer were consideration of the resolution, and resolved That it -. be buiIt so as that the northeast corner be six feet appointed- - a committee "to wait on A. Stewart & Co. relative to the market-house, to ascertain what he from Arch Street and eighteen feet from Market or will give to [have the borough?] abandon the present South Street." location of the market-house." A contract was made by this committee with Rob- The controversy as to the old market-house site ert L. Barry to build the new house at $1350, and on appears to have continued for some years, for in the 7th of August, 1843, it was ordered by the CounciI " That Robert L. Barry be paid $350, first payment on the New Market-House," the building being then I The last entry in the company book shows that Andrew Stewart, Jr., was elected captain of the Camcron Union Voluuteen Dec. 11, ISS. under roof, according to contract. Later payments There seems. lroaever, to he an unexplained discrepancy between tliis were made to him as follows, viz. : Oct. 2, 1843, second record and the fact that Capt. Thomas M. Fee holds n comnlission signed payment, $350; Nov. 10, 1543, $650, in full of the by Governur \Vil!ian~ F. Packer, ai~ddated Juur G,lS59, reciting that '' Thomas M. Fee, being duly elected and returned. is hereby commis- contract. On the 1st of January, 1844, a bill of sioned Captain of the Cameron Union Volunteers of the Uniformed $138.60 was allowed to him for extra work. August Nilitis of the Connnonwealth of Pennsylvania, in the Second Brigade 7, 1843, it was ordered that A. G. Crusen be paid $40 of the 17th Division, composed of the uniformed militia of the counties of Westmoreland, Fayette, Washington, awl Greeue." At the same for materials and work done in repairing the old time C. E. Saearingen was comniissioned brigtdier-geueral. market-house.

RESIDfNCE OF A. C. NU T7; UNIONTOWN, PA.

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH. 299 -- -- .. - - - - - On the 16th of Novenlber (1843) the Council in- afterwards phced in its present position in the court- vited proposals " for plastering the whole of the up- house tower. stairs .of the Market-House." It was ordered that In 1859 the Council ordered the widening of a nar- ' two chimneys be built and two stoves procured. row lane known as Middle Alley to a breadth of forty When finished, the upper part of the new house was feet from Main to Penn Street, to form tlie thorough- used for a Council room. In December of the same fare now known as ~roadwa~.Theopening, however, year William Ebbert was appointed " to take charge was not then accomplished, and the matter rested bf the Town Hall and Market-House." In 1844 lie until January, 1867, when it was revived. The new was appointed market-master at a salary of 865 per plan was to open the street to the width of the Harah annum. lot, In the summer of that year an agreement was The market stalls were in the south end of the made with Mrs. Harah for the purchase of the lot at present building. They were eight in number, open- 31800, and with Jonathan G. Allen for his lot at ing from the main passages by arches about six feet $200. On the 10th of September, 1867, the commit- wide, and were rented by the year at $15 per year. tee on streets were authorized " to notify Mrs. Harah b Jacob Ott was market-master from 18h5 to 1847, in- to vacate the premises now occupied by her, and to clusive ; John Rutter, weigh-master and market-mas- remove tlie materials on the same by the 20th of Oc- ter in 1848 : and G. D. McClellan in 184931. Rutter tober, 1867, and that said committee take out an order received for his services as market-master $25, and as from court for opening the new street over the same;" weigh-master, two-fifths of the fees of tlie hay-scales but this order was not carried into effect. In the and coal sufficient for his own use." spring of 1868, Dr. Smith Fuller purchased the lot, The old hay-scales were erected in 1835, as appears the old buildings of Mrs. Harah were demolished, from the following action taken by the Council March and Broadway was laid out as it exists at the present 13, 1844, viz. : " The Committee on Hay Scales re- time. ported that he could not find that there had been any LIST OF BOROUGH OFFICERS. order issued to L. W. Stockton on account of pay- The first oGcers of the borough of Uniontown at its ments made by him for erecting the same ; Therefore incorporation (1796) were Ephraim Douglass, bur- Resolved, that whereas the Council having agreed to gess; Joseph Huston, Thomas Collins, assistants; appropriate the sum of twenty-five dollars in the year Jacob Knapp, high constable. For a period of forty- 1835 towards erecting the Hay Scales, and no evi- five years succeeding that time no list can be given, dence appearing that it had been paid over to said for the reason that all the borough records prior to Stockton, it was therefore Ordered, that L. W. Stock- the year 1842 were destroyed by fire. The following ton shall be entitled to a credit of twenty-five dol- list of borough officers includes those who have been lars, with nine years' interest. on same up to this date, elected and served from that year until the present amounting in all to $38.50." time, viz. : On the 27th of May, 1842, the Council awarded to BURGESSES. David Veech one hundred and fifty dollars, and to C. 1542. P. N. Hook. 1560. Jesse B. Ran~sey. B. Snyder two hundred and fifty dollars, for damages 1843. Samuel McDonald. 1S61. James G. Johnson. sustained by the opening of Fayette Street. In 1843 154-1. John H. Deford. 1562. Armstrong Ifndden. an election was held to ascertain the minds of the IS45. Willinrn Bailey. 1563. T. A. IInldernnu. 1546. Jonathan D. Springer. 1864. G. W. K. Minor. voters on the proposed opening of certain thorough- 1517. Daniel Smith. 1865. G. W. K. Minor. fares, viz. : Union Street, Brant's Alley, and Turner's 1545. William Stumph. 1 1566. Junes D. Ramsey. Alley. A majority was found to be against such 1549-50. M. W. Irwin. 1 1567-69. Marshall N. Lewis. opening. 1S51. William P. Wells. / 1570-72. Marshall N. Lewis. The placing of the town clock in the court-house 1852. S. Duncan Oliphnnt. 1573. John Holmeu. tower resulted from the following action of the Coun- 1S53. Daniel Smith. 1Si4. Marshall N. Lewis. cil, July 26, 1847 : 1554. B. F. Hellen. 1S7.5-76. E. M. Her-iitt. 1555. Ethelbert P. Oliphnnt. 1 Sii. George IV. Foulkes. "The petition of two hundred and upwards of the Citizens of 1 556. Benjamin F. Hellen. 1STH. George W.Foulkes. the Burough of Uniontown, praying that Council purchase a 1957. C. E. Swearingen. 1579. George W. Foulkes. Town Clock for the Borough, to be placed in the cupola of the 1855-59. Jesse 13. Ramsey. 1SSO-51. Alexander McClean. Court-IIouse, with other papers relating to the seme, was presented. On motion, Resolved, That thc sum of five hundred COUNCIL. dollars be and sume is hereby appropriated to purchase a Town 1842. W. B. Roberts. 1543. James Piper. Clock with three f;ices and hands, to be placcd in the new Court- Joseph Wiley. Alfred MeClelland. House for the use of the Borough, which resolution mas carricd Frederick Bierer. John Musbrd. unnnimously. Willinm Craw ford. 1 S44. Arrustrong Hadden. "On motiun, n colnlnittee of thrce, consisting of Bniley, Uee- D. H. Phillips. William Reddick. son, and Barton, were appointed to cnrry iuto effect the above John Brndbury. Srnith Fuller. resolution by making all necessary inquiries, purchasing clock, Tsnac Wood. 1 S-15. 1a:t:xe Beeson. etc." Daniel EIu~ton. Saiuuel T. Lewis. The clock was accordingly purchased, and soon C. G. Page. 78illi;rm Wilson.

300 HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

- .------A ISM. Jesse King. 1 1S64. William A. Donaldson. 1S79. William B. McCormick. i ISSO. Edward Cronin. W. D. Bnrclay. i 1SG.5. TiriIlinm D. Barc1:ly. I George L. West. Ellis 12. Snyder. George mea as on. James T. Gorley. Addison R. Palmer. 18Sl. \Villii~~~~B. RlcCormick. 1St7. Ellis Bailey. Eleazer Robinson. Edwxrd Cronin. Albert G. Bees&. Zalruon Luddington. 1S66. T!loruas 11. Lewis. LSSO. ~SIIII~~Fuller. Ilcnry Nabors. Willian~Ebbert. Hug11 L. Rankin. \Yilliarn E. McCmmick. I Alonzo P. Rowie. r1 , hon~:~King. 1S4S. William Naquilkin. Ellis Eailey. J. W. Miller. Levi Downer. 1567. Ellis B. Dawson. Thomas Hadden. ! John Manawry. Willi:~mStone. G. W. I<. Minor. CLERKS OF COUNCIL. IS-19. J. L. Wylie. Charles H. Beeson. I iYG. Samuel King. IS4S-19. A. 0. Patterson. E. B. Dawson. 1868. IVilliam A. Donaldson. 1%--15. George W. Ruttcr. 1S50-52. G. T. Greenhnd. John Iieffer. Thonlas King. 1S.15. Snyder. 1S5:;-ii. George IV. Rutter. IS50. Eleazer Robinson. Charles H. Itush. C. B. 1846-47. James Piper. 1Sii-S1.-Thomas Fcnn. E. D. Oliphant. I 1869. Wil1i:m Dorm. . 1 Daniel Downer. Robert Bovle. JUSTICES 06 TIIE PEACIS. Ellis Bailey. 1551. Alfred McClelland. 15-10. James Lindsey. 1360. Ihniel Smith. John 'W. Phillips. G. W. K, Minor. 1 Clement Wood. 1S61. Jon:~th:lnD. Springer.= ! Thomas G. King. John Cannon. 1845. D:~nielSmith. 1962. T. A. I-Ialdemau. Daniel Downer. ! J. I. Gorley. Willi:i~nW. Stumph. 1S65. Marnhall N. Lcwis.3 ( 1SiO. John 11. McClelland. 1~52.W. W. Stumph. 1S5O. J:~mesA. Morris. 1S6i. T. A. Ii:ildemnn. John Jones. Charles King. ! Daniel Slnith. 1S69. John 1Iolmes.Y Clernen t Wood. I 1Si2. G. 3'. 1i. Minor. IS55. John L. Means. 2. Baily Dawsun. Smith Fuller. ! Flavius D. Titlo. 1853. F. C. Robinson. I FIRE DEPARTMENT. Ellis B. Dawson. I Thomas Prentice. John \V. Barr. / 1573. Prnith Fuller. The borough of Uniontown has had fire apparatus IS.% J. I<. Ewing. 1 A. E. Willson. and companies for the extinguishrrient of fires4 for I Ewing Brownfield. I C. H. Livingston. nearly eighty years. The earliest record showing this D. X. Springer. 1 P. N. Baily. fact is found in the minutes of the commissioners of 1S55. Benjamin F. IIellen. J. M. Hudden. Fayette County, under date of Jan. 28, 1802, viz.: Williwn Doran. Willia~nThorndell. " A committee, Jonathan Rowland, James Allen, and J. A. Downer. 1874. Pnlitll Fuller. John Stigers, appointed by the Burgesses of Union IVilliam Beeson. 1 S56. Charles H. Beeson. Town to ascertain what sum the commissioners of the F. C. Robinson. ! R. Knight. county will contribute for the purchase of a fire- B. G. Hopwood. 1 William Thorndell. William Maquilkin. J. M. Oglevee. engine for the use of the town, this day made appli- 1S.57. Daniel Smith. J. V. A. Don:~ldson. cation to the commissioners." R. Miller. 1 Daniel 1inne.l The commissioners agreed to report their views to R. Bunting. 1975. Smith Fuller. the committee at the next meeting of the board, and J. C. Redburn. Isanc Mcssn~ore. on the 5th of February they "agreed to contribute J. Skiles, Jr. Ellis B:lilcy. for the purchase of a fire-engine for the use of the Mr.11. Wilhelm. 1S5S. J. Skiles, Jr. i borough of Union Town one hundred dollars, if a F. C. Robinson. .James T. Gorley. i sum sufficient (with the said sutn of one hundred dol- John Collins. ~ D:iniel Iiaine. C. E. Smenringen. 1SiG. Henry Delnny. lars) is raised from the borough to purchase an engine. 1S59. Frederick Bierer. I Willia~nIlunt. The contribution is made expressly upon the condi- J. L. Redburn. I John S. Dawson. tion that if an engine is not purchased and procured John S. IIarah. j John Ii. Beeson. for the use of the borough that the burgesses and I Ellis Bailey.. J. II. Springer. inhabitants of the borough will be responsible to the 1S60. Daniel Smith. i P. McClure. county commissioners for that sum." j 1Si7. Alpheus Bedl. Ellis Bailey. On the 17th of September, 1802, the record shows : K. William Hunt. Brownfield. " Order issued in fjvor of burgesses of the borough of 1S61. L. D. Beall. Willi:~mA. Donaldeon. M. N. Lewis. Thomas Iii~dden. Union Town for one hundred dollars for engine," by J. K. Ewing. TI'. H. Itutter. which it appears that the engine was purchased. No 1862. Villiam Bceson. Thomas J:iquctt. other official record dating between that time and the Andrew 13. Bryson. 1 187s. William Hunt. year 1842, touching fire department matters, is known D. Downer. Thomas Hadden. to esist, but in the Genitix of Liberty of Aug. 15, 1863. E. B. Wood. 1 B. M. Bailcy. 1828, is found this notice: "TheUnion Fire Company Ellis Bailey. Josel)h Whitc. will mcet at the court-house, in the borough of Union Willinm Dorm. I Frank Stevens. - - - .. 1SG.I. Charles S. Senton. I Addleon R. Pdtner. 2 Not acting. li. G. Roddg. 1SiY. Joseph White. Holmes and Lcwis still in othce to dnte (1SSI). . - -- - 4 It is said that a fire company existed in Uniontown as early os 1798, 1 Appointed Nov. 24,1674, to fill vucmcy caused Ly death of Willii~ni but it had no apparatus othcr than Lurltets for several ye;t~sufter th;it Thorndell. time.

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH.

--- -- ~ -- ~~ -. - - Town, on thc last Saturday of August, :~ttwo o'clock : c:isc of fire, 'it was proposed to construct a reservoir I*.>[.," tlie object of the meeting not being stated. It of' sufficient capacity for that purpose, and on the 17th is recollected by old citizens that at about the time , of' May (184.5) a coni~nitteeof the Council wzq ap- referred to, William Palter was citptain of the Union : pointed "to ascertain the cost of a cistern of brick to Fire Company. ' hold seven tllousand gallons, and the feasibility of 'The "Madison" engine was purclinsed about 1841, filling it from Bceson's race." In October this corn :iud a company organized for it, mainly by the efforts ; niittee was discharged and another appointed to ascer- of' Dr. liatniltou C;lrripbell, Alfted McClellan, Ewing tain tlie cost of constructing a cistern of fifteen thou- I:row;tield, and Anios Frisbee. A house was erected : smd gallons' capacity, to be built of brick laid in hy- for it soon a1terw:~rds. Tlie borougl~records show 1 draulic cement. Since that time cisterns have been that on Juoe 11, 1842, the Council " Resolved, that / constrncted at the court-house, and at Morgantown the M:rdi.ion Engine and Hose, with apparatus, be axid Foundry Strects. These and the old mill-race placed under the control and entire direction of the which runs tllrougli the town furnish the principal I company ;" :~nd" Resolved, tliat D. II. Phillips be , water supply for the engines in case of fire. atlded to the committoe a1re:tdy appointed fbr the 111 1851 the Council appointed a committee to con- purpose of ascertaining a location thr building an fkr with the school directors, and to build another e~igine-housefor Madison Engine and Hose Com- engine-house. On the 5th of April that committee pany ;" and also " Resolved, tliat this committee wait made a partial report to the effect that they had se- on the school directors and ascertain whether an lected a site for the building '' on the public ground engine-house of fi-ame can be built on the public on which the market-house is situated." The report ground belonging to the school directors; and if it was accepted, and the committee directed to proceed can, go on and receive proposals for building the to build it. On the 25th of the samc month a petition s;me ; and if it cannot, then ascertain where a proper of citizens of Uniontown was presented, asking the lociltion can be obtained, and report at ncxt meeting Council "to c11ange the plan for building the en,'~lne- of Council." On tlie 4th of' July the committee re- house from one story to two stories, so as to eolarge ported tliat a meeting of the school directors had been tlie town hall." This petition was laid on the table, held, at which they approved the erection of the and the committee " directed to go on under the orig- engine-house on their grounds. On tlie St11 of October inal plan." in the same year the Council resolver1 "that a com- In June, 1850, a " crab-carriage" was ordered pur- mittee be appointed to select a site lor the erection of cli~~sedfor the hladison Engine. On the 27th of an engine-house," and that F. Bierer, P. N. Hook, June, 1857, the " old crab force-pump" was ordered A. McClellan, and W. Ebbert be added to the build- to be sent to Mr. Herbertson for repairs. On the 31st ing committee. And on the 5th of December it was of May, 1859, the fire companies petitioned the Coun- " Ordered, that the committee appointed to build the cil " to purchase another crab for the use of the com- engine-house for the Madison Engine have an order panies." Nothing appears of record to show whether for ninety-one dollars and twenty-eight cents, being the purchase ~va5made or not. the amount in full for building the san~e." On the 7th of June, 1859, the following-named citi- An old engine-house which had been used by the zens werp appointed by the Council to form "bucket Union Company stood on a lot now belonging to tlie line*" at fires : Everard 13ierer, Jr., Eleazer Robin- Downer heirs. This building was sold and removed son, A. Hadden, J. I(. Ewing, J.'B. Howell, and in 1844 by order of the borou& Council. Alfred Howell. May 4, 1867, the Council ordered In 1845, March 30t11, it was resolved by the Council that two huudred and fifty feet of hose, with fifty " That the sum of $500 be and is l~crebyappropriated blue and fifty red buckets, be purchased for the engine for the purpose of purchasing a suction-engine and companies. seven hundred feet of hose, and if the said sum is not In 1875 the borough authorities ordered the pur- sufficient, that such further sum as may be necessary chase of a steam fire-engine. It mas purchased at be and is hereby appropriated." Alfred McClellan, $4400 from C. Ahrens 6: Co., and is the " Keystone7' James Piper, and William R. Roberts were appointed steamer which is still in use. The company to work a committee " to procure a loan and purcl~asesuction- and have charge of this steamer was organized in engine, hose, etc." They reported, April 28th, to the 1S77, witli tlie following-named charter members : Council, exhibiting a list of prices of engines in Phil- C. H. Rush, S. 31. Bailey, Joseph JI. Hadden, W. adclphia, which prices being much higher than was H. Willlclm, Samuel Cooper, Jr., George H. Rutter, anticipated, the com~nitteewas discl~nrgedfrom fur- C. H. Seaton, J. W. Jones, J. RI. Messmore, Joseph ther duty in the matter. Ipointcdfor the borough. Numerous fires occurred lkdaney, John Batton, I(. B. Moore. Tlie present about this time, and rewards were ofired by the ' officcrs of the company are: Council for the apprehension of incendiaries. / 8. M. Bailey, captain. The available supply of water being insufficient in I Alplleus Beall, president. 20

HISTORY OF FAY ETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

At t11:rt time Tllorn:isCollins W:LS postmaster in Union- long afterwards, through the operation of circum- town, having the office at his llotci, corner of Main stances nl~icllarc now unknown, he :~nnouncedhinl- and hlorgantown Streets, where it ~vxskept till 1507. .self u physician ancl commenced a practice in which, Whether he ren~ainedpostmaster after the removal though uneciucated and wholly without training or of the office from that place is not known. He was knowledge in the line of his pretended professio~l,he succeeded by John Campbell,2 who held the office achieved very remarkable success pecuniarily, if not till about 1536. Of his successors the following names otherwise. hare been obtained from newspapers of different He was a man of commanding personal appearance dat,es, riz. : N:lattl~ew Irwin (153610), William Nc- and fine address; and these qualities, joined with al- Donald (l84145), Daniel Smith (154546), Armstrong most unparalleled efiontery and consummate tact, Hadden (1S4639), J. W. Iieazel, 13. L. Iiankin, J. enabled him in a very short time to establish himself H. Springer, F'. Heck, Peter A. Johns (ISTO-7G)? in the confidence of the people, and to gain a wider Marietta Johns, 1576 to the present time. popularity as a pl1ysici:tn than has ever been enjoyed THE NAIL RODBEKT BY DR. BRAI)DEE. by any medical practitioner in the county of Fayette. Patients flocked to him in great numbers; the fees One of the most remarkable mail robberies-or which he received amounted in the aggregate to a rather series of mail robberies-ever committed in large revenue, and placed him apparently on a short

1 It is made crrtxin that there \\.:IS a post-office at Uniontown in that and easy road to wealth. gear by tlrr fdlowing ~~uticr,fi~or~d in the Weslcnr. Telcyrnphe, of Wasl~. After a few years of his exceedingly profitable ington, PII., of date Sov. 3, li'J.5,viz.: practice he purchased from the Hon. Thomas Irwin "LIST OP LETTERS the valuable "National Hotel" property, on the cor- "Rernainiug i!l tile I'ost-Office, Ullioll l'own: ner of Fagette and Xorgantown Streets. Upon the 'LH~~glrBro\vn, Silils Bingam, Jitcob Bennet, Alexander Colrvell, property at the time of the purchase, stood a good- Ricl~ardCitrroll, Diwnis Ci~rrol,Alexander Dnnc;rn, .T:tcol> Eckmn11, sized brick building, on the southern side. To this Irs. Fontni~rr, Hrnry Guclirimet, Jatmrs Gilwtn, Hng11 Hamilton, Thonl;w N

to acco~uplisli. 'I'lic old S:~tir?:~:tlroatl was the11 in Cpon Ilia arrest, Corm:m :~tonce divulged the full tide of business, as many as thirty stage-coaches 1 names of his confederates, arid Ihddee, Strayer, and passing over it each way tl~roughUniontown daily, ' Purnell mere immediately arrested. Corman's affi- :md some of tlicni carrying the United States m:lil. davit in the matter was as follows: Lucius W. Stockton was tile m:til contractor, and he llad a stage-yard and coacll-f:ictory in the rear of and "The United States of America rr. .fohn F. Braddee, William adjoining Dr. Uraddee's roonis in tilt north wing of Purneii. " Willinm Corman, being duly sworn, says that morethnn one tile sational 13~~~1.I~~~,~ yard, stages carryillg year ago John F. Eraddee repeatedly urged him to let him, the the rnails were driven every day. , e:~i~lDrnddec, have some of the mail bags frorn the mail coach, One of the drivers of the mail-coaches was Willialn tililt he would dir,ide tile llloney t:rlien from thelll rTith Corman, and this man was selected by Braddee as tor lllal,~ ;;,id firadd,, ,,id I,, bad frequently knolVn such the principai tool to be used in the nefarious business ti~in:,~done, :~n:l that !otr of I!:oney 11:td thus been m:tde, :lnd it he had in view. He first cultivated Cormall's ac- h:d never been detected. While said Cor111:rn was driving the quaintance and secured his confidence, then finally m:iil c:oach betwcen Sn~itl~fieldand Uniontown Inst winter the boldly anIlouuced his H~ told his dnpc that said 1:r:~ddce sent Peter Nille Strayer frequentlv in a sleigh robbery of tile Inails could be easily :tnd safely :tftcr i~inito get n i nail-lrng containing a m:ril : that at length 11c said Str:ryer took one from the coach, which was then on accomplished, and that it would yield very large runners, while he the paid Corinnn was watering at Snyder's, profits> 'vOuld divide bet'veen them, lvith- , e:l~tof the Lilurel IIiI]. TlIilt Brnddce nfterrTnrds told hiw. out the least fear of detection. Cornlan, allured by that there was nutliillg in it. ~h:~tIle ~~IIo\Y.~ of no other mail Braddee's wily representations and the prospect of being taken until ,vithin about two lllontlls pst, rvhcn Ile the rich plunder, finally assented to the proposition. The mid Cortuan WIIS driving between Uniontown :~ndIYashington, plan of robbery which they adopted and afterwards and wl~cn,at the instanceand:~fterrepeated itnd urgent requests carried into effect mas for Corman to sass one of the of mid Braddee, he commenced leaving a mail pouch or bag in ,nost pronlising-looking mail-pouc.es' from the yard the shge coach when the coaches were changed at Uniontown, into nraddee,s rooms, or changing the pouches and continued to do so at intervals of (say) a week, ten days, or two weeks until within a week or ten days before Christrnns. One to 'lnother leave from coach in Stockton's yard That the s;~idluail b:~~s\~eretaken from the coach by enid Brad- One P~~~~~behind in the to be taken Out and ' dee or br some one under hisdirection. That Craddee after the rifled by Braddee, then to be buried or destroyed- taking of said nl:Lils would so~nctimessay there rvaa nothing in The way in which they carried out the plan is more them, and agnin that others had but little money in them ; one fully shown in Corman's affidavit., taken after his , he said had but fifteen dollars. The hst but one gotten, as be- arrest, as given belor+-. Braddee llad, besides Car- fore et;~ted,he said had a large amount of money in it, but he man, two accomplic,,s, tllough.mhether he took w:~sgoingto kcep it secretly, bury it until the fuss was over. Th:tt said Eraddee inid he h:~da secret place out of doors where t,hem into his confidence from first or not till he could hide the mail bags so that they could not be found. some does not appear. They mere That said Braddee from tilllo co time gave him three dollirra or Peter M' a Of Uniollto'vl'~ and five dollars as he asked for it, and once ten doll:rrs, and loaned "Dr." William Purllell, a native of Culpeper, Va.9 hiu~forty dollars when his (Corman's) wife w:~sgoing away. and a sort of body-servant to Braddee. That Willinin Purncll sercrnl times aftcr a mail bag had been The depredations on the mail commenced about taken mould take him >:lid Corman aside :md whisper to him Jan. 35, 1840, and continued at intervals through the that the bag had nothing in ~t.That on the dny before yester- year. ~h~ losses of the mails ,vere soon discovered, day he was swcral t~~nes:~tsaid Braddce's house, nnd Brntldee wished him to leave a nlnil b~yin the coach for him when he and G~~~~~plitt D~.~~~~~d ~~~~~d~,speci:ll said Corman should return from W:~shingtonlast night. That a@nts Of the Post-oftice lVere to Brulldee very often ,vi,llctl hirn to leare a brig wllen detect the robbersand bring tojustice- he did not. That he, Braddee, reqi~catedhim to leave the large the robberies from the 14th of Soveniber to the 19th - in co:lch for him. but he ne,.er did do it. of December, 1840, were traced to Corman, who was " \PII.LIAXCor:~r.\s. then arrested on Plitt's information, as follows: "Sworn and subscribed this Sth day of Jtmuary, am. 1841, before me, "P~ss>r~.v\SIA, Farl:~rcCUI STY, x.~: "X. EWXG, " 0. George I'litt. agcnt of the P. Department, being duly " Pvc~t.Jtidye of t1~014th Jud. Dint.,PN." sworn, says that the United States mail from Wheeling, Va.. to Xew Tork, traveling on the Sl~tinnalHoad, has been ~tolen,to wit: The m:~ils mnde ulr at Whceling on the 13th, 19th, 2Rd Braddec, Str:xyer, and Purnell mere immediately and 23th of Sovembcr, lSJO, and on the 5th, 12th, and Iqth of arrested by George ?Ileason, sherifof Fayettc County, Dece~nber,ISlO, and that he has reason tosuspect, and does SUS- ancl their exalllillatioIl \\.as II:,d before Judge Ka- pect and believe, thnt l\rillianl Corm:ln, who on those days drove tllaniel on tile stl1 daS7 of J~~~~~~,1841. the Mail atage containing said Mail from Wssllington to Union- The following extract from the record appears to town, Pa., is guilty with others of stealing said mnils. show that Braddee, notwithstantling his high pre- " (;KO. I'I.ITT, A~I.I'. 0. Dept. tensions and rcrnarkablc professio~~alsuccess, was so dd Sworn a,nd this 6t11 d:ly of .T:Lnuary, ,,.n. before IW. X. E\v~so, completely deficient in education as to be unable to .L 1:-~ct..Jtr+ 14th .ItttLieircl ~ixt.,I'CI." 1 write his own name, viz. :

YO4 HISTORY OF PAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

------.- .. - “ ~'KSSSY~.Y.LSI.\,F.i~~r.1712 CC)I.STY, w : I Whereupon the Ilon. Thomas Irwin, United States "The esat~~inationof Dr. ,John F. Brnrldce, of the ho~ugh; District Judge of tile Western District of Pennsylva- of 1-niontorvn. Fnyette county, Po., taken before me, N. Erving, :' nia, ordered the prisoners into custody of the jailer of President Judge of the Fourteenth Judici:~lDistrict of l'enn- , Allegheny County as follows : sylvanin, the St11 d;ry of January, A.D. 1S4l. '' The said John F. Br:~ddee being brought before lne by USITRDST,LTKS OF ALIISI~ICA,WEST~~tx DISTRICT OF PESX~YL- virtue of a w:trr:lxit issued by me, on suspicion of ate:iling the , v.~,,~,,, : United Etatcs Mails from Wheeling, Ti&.,to ~C\VTork, made up Tile United St:ltcs of .inlerics to Marsh:ll of the \vest- at Wheeling on the 13111, 19th. 23d. and %Lh k13.s of' Sovember, ern District of Pennsyl\r:~ni:iand 11is Del)utit.s, to nny eonatnblc 1840, and on the jth, 12th, and 1Sth dajs of Decemhcr, ISM, ! of the County of Allegheny, and to the J:Lilcr of County says.-I know nothing about the alleged steding of the m:lils. of Allegheny, Greeting. his I "WHEREAS,John F. Braddee, Willin~nPurnell, and Peter "Join F. X BllmlE~. ! Mills Strnycr are now brought before u:e, the Hon. Thomas Ir- rn:i.rk. : win, Esquire, Judge of the District Court of the Uuited States '' 'l'alien and subscriGcd before me, ; for the Westcrn District of Penns~1~:inia.ch~~rged, on the 081th " ,-1: ,\\I>(., . . . - . ' of' Gcorge Plitt, Willinn1 Conn:lnl and othcra, with s:e:~lingthe 1'.I 4 7 *tt 1'- l~~i~~~lm:ril up \\Thecling on tile I:5tll, lYth, 28d, " Jasnmu 8,1841.'' :tnd 29th days of Novc~ulxr,n.n. 184ll, and on the 5th, 12tt1, The disposition madc of the prisoners on their pre- and 15th days of December: 1540. The>earc thcrcfore to corn- liminary esamination by Judge Ewing is shown by 1 !nand you the said Marshal, Conrt~~ble,or Jailer, or either of the extmcts given below from the minutes of the yalu, to convey the said John F. Cmddee. Wil1i:ttn Purnell, and court, viz. : I'cter Mills Strajer to the mid jsilcr of -4llVgheuy county, ;tnd you the said jxiler arc hcrehq- co~~:mnndedto rewire and keep L'T~~.:UNITED ST.\TBS OF A.\IEIIIC.\, FAYETTI?COI:STY, ~'ESN- I 1 s:~feljtl~c slid John I?. B~xddec,\\'illi:un l'urncll, and Peter sYt.v;\sI.<, *8 : Milla Straycr in your jail until they thence be discharged by "'She United Ftntes of An~cria~rx. John F. Brnddee, J:muary due courec of I:LW ; for so doing this sl~llhe your rrsrrtmt. $, 1S11. Ordered that John F. Br:iddeeenterinto security him- " In testimony whereof the said Hon. Thor~~asIrwin, Eaq., has self in fifty thousand dolhrs, and two sufficient sureties in hereunto set his hand and seal this 13th day of January, a.n. P45,OPO each.' I'risoncr rem:~ntied until r\lo~ld:~y,tha llth 15-11. inst:~nt,:it 10 o'clock .\.x., to afford time to procure bail. (Signed) " Thc sime an. l'otcr Mills Ptr:~yer,J:~nunry Ftll, 1841. Ordered iI " TII. IRWIN,[SEAL.] that Peter XIills Str:~gerenter into security hinlself in $15,000, ; I and two sutlicient sureties in 8i500 cncli. Prisoner remanded " Uintriet J~rrlyc, U. S." until Mond:~y, the llth insti~nt,n.t 10 o'clock, to afford time to procure b:~il. Braddee was indicted by " the Grand Inquest of the "The same rx. Willian~l'urncll, J:~nuary8, 1541. Ordered United States of America, inquiring for the Western that Wi1li:~in I'urncll enter into sccurity himself' it1 810,000, : District of l'ennsylvania," and his trial proceeded at and two sufficient sureties in S5Il00 each. Priscincr rcm:rnded : tllc M~~ sessions (1~41)of tile united statescircuit as :&bow,etc. Court at Pittsburgh, Cornian arid Strayer becoining '' J:lnu:~ry 11. 1541, Jloncl:~~.,10 o'clock a.~.Prisoner or- witnesses for the government ; and on the 4th day of dcred hefore the .Tudgc. Prisoners say they are not provided 1 with bail, and ask further time, until e:~.? three o'clock r.x. 1 June fblloming the jury rendered a verdict of guilty Three o'c~ock I,.>[.. no kril beinr: ~~ffered.tllc defe~~d:~nts:~.~e On the first, second, and fourth counts of the indict- committed tu the custody of the Marshal of thc \Vestern Dis- nient, and not guilty on the third count. Exceptions trict of 1'ennsylv;inia. were taken and a motion made for a new trial by the '< s. I*:\\-ls(;, prisoner's counsel, John M. Austin, Esq., but these, as also a motion for postponement of sentence, were

1 The following depositions of Speci:~l Agent IIo\\~artlKennedy were overruled, and on the '7th of June the'court pro- alien for the purpose of deternlining the propor amount of bail to Ire re- nounced on Bmddee the sentence quired, and shorvi~~galso the approximate amonut of B~nddee's I.%t series of robberies (in Xove~nbernad Decenher, 1840) : " I~ENSSTL~ASIA,FAYJ~TE COVSTY, SR: '' PITTGRURG,PENXA., 25th of Jany., 1811. *'The testi~nonyof Dr. Ilwvard Iiennedy, tal;en before N. Ewing, "Ai~ward licnnedy, special agent of the Rst-Ofice I)ep;trtnle~~t,in President Jndge of the 14tl1Judicial District of Pe:~nsylv:inin,tho eighth ;dalition to thv tcstinrons given by hi~nbefore HISIIonm Jndge Ewing day of J:inn;~ry,1841, in reference to the anlount of bail to be required in the case of the Tlnited Statrs :tg:tinst IXraddec, PLI~IIPII.Strayer, nnd of Jo1111 P, B~xdclee,Petc!r 31ills Strayer, n~dWnl. P~~rtnell.The raid Corrnarl, rr1;ilive to the prolmlde loss of ntoncy, drafts, kc., in the ytonlcn Dr. IIoward licu~~edybcing first ID)'IIIC duly mvorn ~iccordingto law, r:uils, further deposes that since that time he has rewived reporb from depose111 an0 tiaith: There \\'ill be rlitficulty in :asccrlaining the amount variou8 pemons and pl:tcrs ill the West of letters n~ailedi~t dares which of ntorr~ybtden from tl~emails. There lmve been ais ni:iil-punches or \vonld h:i\-e, by Ilnc course uf n~:~il,been in the I8;1&?i stden, coutaining bags stulrn, wl~ich\vould arerage t\vrnty to thirty tl~crusanddollor-s each. IlanL-notes, srrip, crrtificatw, dlxfts, :~ndchecks, an~trutiting to one The \vlu~lewould, I arn satisfied, amunnt to ol:e hundred tltousand dol- I~nndrcdxnd two th~~umnddulli~~.~ and t~pwards; that every nuti1 Ilri~~gs lars. I S;LW tho nl,,neg alleged to l~avebwn funnil in ttw stable of John 11in1aildirio11:11 rcports of I~ssca,nnrl thnt he belirwr tl~c:m~nlnts re- F. Bladdee. The ;~mnunttllus found \nu? tcn tll~us~lndthree hu~~dredported will nut con4ruto more than une-half of what has been lost in atid ~~inetyeigl~tr1oil:u.s and sixty rents. The auloun&of cwl~stolen is tho mails bt.twcen the 16th uf Nov. and the 18th of Dec., 1840, on the prol,ably almont fifty tl~onsaucldo1ku.s. I~OWARDKESSEDY. ronte from \Vheeling to New York.

'l Taken und sulmcribed before nle. ~-. " h- . KWI~C, I "Specid Agmit P. 0. Dept. Tfwl.Jlrd:le 14th J~rrlieidDial. , L' horn' . and sulwxibed before me the 36th JIIIIII;~.~,1841. I "T. II~WIN,Dix1rir.t Ju~lge."

TJNIONTOWN BOROUGH. 305

- -~ . - "Th:lt you be i~nlvrieoneilin the IYvrtern Penitentiary of 1806, was only a three-column folio, eight by twelve Penns,vlv:~ni:i, at II:~1:iLw. fur :~ndduring the term of ten inches, but the next year, 1807, it was again published ycnrs, nnrl in all resllects 11c subject to the same discipline and in the original size. The office of the paper was in a tre:rtniwt 35 c~~nvictssentmuxl by the Courts of the State, md building that stood upon the lot now occupied by the thxt you p:iy thc costs c~ftl~is prosecution and stand committed residence of John Harah. until this scntencc he complied with. And rvllile so confined From the hands of Allen therein you s11;iIl be eselusi\~clyunder the constraint of the otfi- B Springer the paper passed to the proprietorship of ccrs h:rvit~gellarge of s:rid I'enitentinry." Jesse Beeson, ou Mag 5, 1812. It mas issued by him ' every Tuesday, having as its motto,- In accordmce with this sentence, Braddee was im- " Here shall the press the people's rights proclaim, prisoned in the penitentiiiry, and died thcre after hav- With truth its guide, the public good its aim." ing served out ne:trly tlie full tern1 for which he was j The paper contiuued under this management for incarcerated. Corm:in and l'urnell were pardoned some years, and the nest record of a change \vas in by the President. Purnell lived many years after- 1818, when it was published by John Bouvier and wards, and is still well remembered by citizens of Jol~nM. Austin, in an office next door above the Fayette and adjoini~~gcounties as a dilapidated trav- / court-house. At this time we find it issued under a eling peddler of Dr. Braddee's medicines. I partially new name, and in a new series. It was then , called The Genius of Liberty mzd American Telegraph, TllE PRESS OF UXIONTOIVR. / and the earliest copy in preservation bears date dug. The Fuycffe Gazette and Ui~ionAdcertiser, an ultra- , 29, 1818, KO. 21, Vol. I. This shows the first issue Federalist journal, printed in Uniontown, was the 1 under the new departure to have been on April 13, first paper ever pul~lisliedin Fxyette County. The / 1818. The name Arne~ican. Telegrapl~was dropped editors and proprietors were Jacob Stewart and I the following year, and the paper was again known blomry ; the office was in a building near where the / as The Genius of Liberty. The political opinions of court-house in Uniontown now stands, and the paper the two publishers being at variance, Bouvier used one was a four-column folio, 10; by 163 in size. But side of the paper to sustain his views as a Federalist, a very few copies of tliis literary curiosity are now while Austin proclaimed his Democratic principles in existence. The earliest, No. 33, Vol. 11. (mhole upon the other side. In this manner they continued the number 85), is dated Friday, Aug. 23, 1799, which publicatfon of the paper until July, 1821, when they shows the first paper to have been issued Dec. 5, sold the entire business to Thomas Patton, who pub- 1797. A copy of Sept. 4, 1799, contains an order : lished the paper in a five-columu folio, twenty by granted by the commissioners of the county to Rlessrs. forty-two inches in size, until 1824. Stewart & i\Iowry, publishers, for one hundred and ' In the ensuing five or six years frequent changes fil'ty dollars for publishing the list of unieated lands occurred in the management of this journal. In the in Fayette County. Another copy of Sept. 14, 1503, year IS25 the old files show Jackmau & Brown to have contains a commissioners' order for one hundred and , been proprietors, and the American Observer was a four dollars and twenty cents, issued to them for pub- I part of the name. Again, Vol. I., No. 40, of a new lishing the unseated lands for the years 1800, 1801, ' series (Vol. IX., old series), bearing date Feb. 4,1829, and 1802. The Gazetfeand Aduertiser of Jan. 22,1SO4, 1 Whitton & Redick were editors and publishers. And contained an account of the receipts and expense.; of on Feb. 10, 1830, the size of the paper was changed the county for 1803. This account was published four to that of a five-column folio, fifteen by twenty-one times in the month of February following, and the inches, and tlle name Fayette and Greene Advertiser was bill, which was thirty-nine dollars, was paid March / added to the previous one. In August, 1831, William S, 1804. Soon after this Stewart & Mowry sold the 1 H. Whitton mas sole proprietor and publisher. In office and business to other parties, and the paper was the fall of that same year Alonzo L. Littell became a merged with ?'/LC Genius oJ" Liberfy. half-owner of the paper, Thomas Pattol. purchasing 3'1~~Genius of Liberty, which absorbed tlie Gazette the other half. This partnership lasted but a few and Adverli.w-, has experienced more changes in edi- months, however, Littell buying Patton's share, which torial and business mmagement than any other paper he held until 1838, when Justin B. Morris, a brother- ever published in Fayette County. It was the second in-law, became his partner. In 1831, at tlie time of paper established in the county, was published in Littell's purchase, the niaterial and conveniences for Uniontown, and m:is first issued as The Genius of Lib- publishing a paper were of the most primitive and o-fyant? I;a!jetfe Adrertiser, Feb. 22, 1805. bearing for crude kind. The office was in tlle corner of a carpen- its motto those words of Governor McKean, " The ter shop on the back street up Bank Alley, the place charms of novelty sl~ouldnot be perniitted so to fis- affi~rdingonly the most nleagrc accon~modations. The cinate as to give to mere innovation tlie semblance of type was worn out, and the printing was done on reform." The founder* of Tlrc. Genius qf Libevfy were an old Rarnage press. The ink was stamped upon Allen &Springer, who ibsued it in a four-column folio, the forms with two black balls, made of tanned sheep- eleven by seventeen inches in size. It must have been skin, and with these appliances a good pressman cut down later, xs a copy of the paper dated Dec. 3, ' could throw of thee sheeh, twenty-eight inches

306 HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

------square, in two minute3. This slow method did not , Thursdtty, Jan. '7, 1813. It is a four-column folio, suit Mr. Littell, and he at once began to make im- twelve by eighteen inches in size. The first page provements. He moved all the office fixtures to the contains news from London, England, New York, new brick block built by Ephraim Douglass on the and Philadelphia, and the leading editorial is upon public square, and afterwards to that built by John the invasion of Canada, the article occupying two D.~wson. He purchased new presses, type, and other I and one-half columns space. In local matters are necessary printing material in Cincinnati, Ohio, and / two wedding notices, one announcing the marriage of soon had the business iu a prosperous and flourishing ' Mr. George Adams, of Virginia, to Anna Maria, condition. Recontinued in connection with the paper I eldest daughter of Presley Carr Lane, Esq., and the until the year 1840, having, some time between Xarch, I second, the marriage of Mr. William Campbell, the 1836, and March, 1837, absorbed a paper called TiLe former editor of the Spectator, to Miss Priscilla Por- Democratic Shield. The latter name was dropped in , ter, daughter of John Porter, of Washington town- October, 1839. In April, 1840, John TV. Irons pur- I ship, Fnyette Co. There is also a notice of the death chased the paper and held it until 1816, when he sold of Dr. Benjamin Stephens, which occurred January it to John TV. Sliugart. The last-named proprietor I 3d, four days previous to the issue of that paper, at his only kept it a year or two, when John W. Irons re- residence near Uniontomn. At the date of the paper purchased and retained it until his death, which oc- just mentioned, Jan. 7, 1813, it was published by curred in 1850 from cholera. John W. Skiles, a son- I James Lodge, at two dollars per annum. It is not in-law of Mr. Irons, then conducted it for a short / known who edited it at that time, nor how much time, when it was sold to R. T. Galloway, now of Con- longer it was continued. nellsville. About two months after this change an- The American Telegraph was first ppblished in other took place, Armstrong Hadden and CO~.-T.B. 1 Brownsville, in 1814, by John Bouvier, who then first Searight being the purchrners. Hadden & Searight settled in that place. In April, 1818, he removed controlled and published the paper until April 15,1852, this paper to Unioutown, and united it with The when Hadden retired and George W. K. Minor be- Genius of Liberty, publishing the paper for a while came associated with Searight. On Jan. 6, 1853, under the combined names, but eventually dropping Minor assumed entire control, which he continued that of American Telegraph. until Dec. 28,1854, when he sold to John Bierer. This The Western Register was first published by Robert disposal of the property was followed by another, in Fee, in Washington, Pa., in 1816. A year or two February, 1856, when Col. Searight became a second later he removed to Fayette County, and commenced time the proprietor, and soon associated with him C. the publication of the paper in Uniontomn. One E. Boyle. This partnership was severed in the fall nuinber is yet in preservation, and is dated March 10, of 1860, Col. Searight retiring. In February, 1861, 1823, No. 49, Vol. VI. This copy is a four-column Boylesold to Col. E. G. Roddy. He in turn, in Feb- folio, and has for its motto lL Virtuous Liberty." ruary, 1863, made arrangements to sell to R. B. The Pennsylvania Democrat, now the Republican Brown, of Brownsville, who was to begin a new series Standard, was established in Uniontown in the month with his publication of the paper. Blr. Brown issued of August, 1827, by Jacob B. Miller. The first num- one number, dated Feb. 19, 1863, Vol. I., No. 1, and ber was issued from a building on Main Street, the then the business returned to the hands of Mr. Roddy, site of which is now occupied by the residence and by whom it mas continued until his death, June 11, hardware-store of Zadoc B. Springer. The Demo- 1867. Mr. Boyle, administrator of the Roddy estate, crat was founded as the advocate of the re-election of then assumed the management of the paper; but it John Quincp Adams, of whose administration it was was soon purchased by Frederick Rock and James F. an ardent supporter. It mas also outspoken against Campbell. The last-named gentleman was soon suc- Masonry. The foreman of the paper was David S. ceeded by A. M. Gibson, who also bought Rock's Knox, a gentleman of education and culture, who share, and who remained in possession until April, subsequently became cashier of the Monongahela 1871, when W. A. McDowell and George W. Litman Bank of Brownsville, a trust which he worthily dis- purchased the property, and in 1875 sold to Albert charged for many years and until his death. In Marshall a third interest. 1829, Mr. Miller desired to go West, and he prevailed The Genius of Liberty has been nearly all of the upon J. C. S. Goff and Samuel L. YarrelI, printers in time, from first to last, an exponent of Democratic his employ, to assume charge of the paper and conduct principles, and is still published by McDowell, Lit- it on their own responsibility during his absence, the man & Marshall, at their office on Broadway, Union- profits resulting therefrom to inure to their own bene- town. fit. They did so, but they never owned the Denaocraf, The Fayetfe and GI-eene Spectator, established by only managed and edited it during the absence of Mr. William Campbell, was published in Uniontown, and Miller. Mr. Goff writes that the venture did not prove the first issue of the paper appeared Jan. 1, 1811. lucrative, as therewas at that period very littlejob-work The only copy known to be in esistence belongs to or advertising. Of all the business houses in Union- Mr. Frank Stephens, and is No. 2, Vol. III., dated to\vn not one out of five mas represented in the col-

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH.

umns of the Democrat, while most of the advertising ( tion, he changed the name of the paper to the Ukion- patronage consisted of legal notices, the publication town Weekly Democrat and Fayette Coii7~tyAdcerfiser. of which was required by law. The subscription When this change was made and how long the name list numbered about five hundred, many of whom re- , was retained it is impossible to accurately determine, garded lightly their financial obligations to the printer. because of the absence of files of the paper and ina- At the time of its establishment, and for a number of ' bility to obtain reliable data bearing on this point. years thereafter, the Democ~atwas a six-column folio, 1 That the name existed, however, is shown by a copy price $2.50 per year. In the spring of 1830, Yarrell I of the paper now before the writer, dated April 23, & Goff were succeeded by Jacob 3. Miller and John 1 184-4, Vol. XVII., No. 36. The general impression is F. Beazell. , that the name mas not lonq- retained. Job S. Gof was born in Harrison County, Va., In the summer of 1544, Thomas Foster came from April 12, 1507. He came of the family of Goffs who Harrisburg and bought the Democrat from Samuel emigrated to that State from Massachusetts in 1790. McDcnald, and it may have been that he restored the Both his grandfathers served in the Revolutionary 3riginal name. When John F. Beazell retired from mar. His father was an officer of note in the war of the paper in 1834 he went to Cookstown. In the great 1812, and subsequently served several terms in both conflagration of lS45 in Pittsburgh he lost most of branches of the Virginia Legislature, being a member his property, which consisted principally of a stock of the Senate at the time of his death. Job S. Goff of glass. Returning to Uniontoan in the spring of served his apprenticeship as a printer in the office of 1846, he bought from Thomas Foster a half-interest the Clarksburg, Va., lizfelligencer. After his retire- in the Democrat. It was not a great while afterward ment from the Democraf he dealt irl live-stock for a that Xr. Foster disposed of the remaining half to a year or two, when he went to Waynesburg, Greene Co., company, and eventually Mr. Beazell became sole Pa., and established the Greene County Republicm, owner of the entire paper, at the head of which he which flourished during the anti-Masonic excitement. remained until March 1, 1866. The Democrat under He supported Ritner for Governor, and Solomon G. Mr. Beazell became the advocate of the principles of Krepps, of Bron.nsrille, for member of the State the American or Know-Nothing party, and as evi- Senate. After the election the paper failed through dence of its sympathy with and advocacy of them want of patronage. During the period in which he the name of the paper was changed on Nov. 18,1854, was editor and publisher, Mr. Goff succeeded, after to the American Standard. When a couple of years considerable expense and trouble, in getting up a later the Republican party was born the Standard river improvement convention, the object being to became a supporter of its principles: to which it has adopt measures looking toward the improvement, by ever since remained true, with the exception of a few locks and darns, of the navigation of the Nononga- months in 18'75, when Jacob B. Miller carried it tem- hela River from Pittsburgh to Morgantown. Mr. porarily into the Greenback camp. Throughout the Goff7s large acquaintance with many prominent citi- Rebellion it never swerved in its fealty to hhe Union zens of Virginia and Pennsylvania enabled him to or its support of the men and measures of the Repub- obtain a generous response in delegates. The con- lican party. On March 1, 1866, Mr. Beazell sold the vention was held at Greensboro7, Greene Co., and was Stc~ndardto A. W. Boyd and James G. Johnston. an emphatic success, At this writing Mr. Goff is John I?. Beazell was born in Allegheny County, Pa., living at Bellefontaine, Ohio. In 1861 he and two Jan. 1, 1805. He graduated at Madison College, sons enlisted from Ohio in the Union army. After Uniontomn, with honor and distinction. He died in two years' service Mr. Goff mas wounded and sent Uniontomn, Aug. 31, 1876. During a considerable home, since when he has been a partial crippIe and part of his ownership of the Standard he mas ably unable to work. assisted in both the mechanical and editorial depart- Samuel L. Yarrell was born in Menallen township, ments by his son, Col. John W. Beazell. Fayette Co., Jan. 14, 1809. He learned printing in Boyd & Johnson controlled the paper jointly until the office of the Democrat. In 1820 he removed to Dec. 12, 1866, when Mr. Johnson bought the interest Highland County, Ohio, and died Sept. 6, 1855, near of his partner. About Nay 1,186'7, Mr. Johnson sold Morris, Grundy Co., 111. a half-interest to Jacob B. Miller, who passed its con- The Democrat remained in the possession of Miller trol and profits over to his half-brother, William H. & Beazell until about 1534, when it was sold to Miller. In the spring of 1868, Jacob B. Miller bought Samuel and William McDonald, brothers, who either the remaining half, and William H. Miller became jointly or singly retained ownership until 1844. Stray the nominal proprietor and joint editor mith the copies of the paper, of different dates within this former. The Sfandaird remained under their control period, show that during a part of the time it mas until March '31, 189, when, Jacob B. Miller having published by S. & W. McDonald, and during the re- died, and William H. Miller having become sole mainder of the time, apparently from 1838 down, by editor and proprietor, it was consolidated mith the S. McDonald alone. While the latter was editor and Fayetfe Count?/ Republican, under the name of the publisher, and towards the close of his administra- Rep 1~ blicaiz Standard.

308 HISTORY OF' FAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

- - -- The Fayctte Cour~fyRepublicar~ mab founded June 6, test of Democracy. Education is the shield and bul- 18178, hy John S. Ititenour and William J. Rush, in wark of a free constitution." In 1836, J. G. Morris, the interests of thernselres and the Republican party, one of the printers, had become the editor, and befbre the Star~rlrwdbeing at that time published in the in- the year 1837 had closed, the paper had been bought terest of Greenbackiqm. After the death of Jacob by and become a part of The Genius qf Liberfy. B. Miller, mhich occurred in Uniontown, Dec. 6, The Harriao~tiannnrl Weekly Co~z~erznlivemas estab- 1878, the Sfantkirtl returned to Republican princi- lished in Uniontomn early in the year 1540. It was ples. The consolidation spoken bf followed, and the edited by George W. Sullivan and B. 17. Lincoln, and new firm was known as Miller, Rush & Ritenour, the published at the Clinton House by ?;. Byers. Only latter becoming writing editor, mhich position he filled one number of the paper can now be fiiu~td,which is until his retirement from the paper. On June 21,1879, dated Bept. 15, 1840, KO. 26, Vol. I., and gives the G. C. AlcRnight bought the half-interesc of \Villiam price as one dollar for a volume of twentl'-'IS s' num- R. Miller, whose place in the firni-name he also took. bers. As the name indicates, this journal was merely June 11, 1581, Rush & Ritenour disposed of their a campaign paper, and its publication ceased in Ko- half to John I;. Ewing, Jr., and Orrin J. Sturgis, and vember, 1S40. a few days later Mr. McKnight sold to them his in- The Cm/berkmJ Presbyferiun mas established in terest. Uniontown, in 1847, by Robert W. Jones, of Athens, From the inception of the Peansylunnia Democrut Ohio. He continued its publication here but a short until his death Jacob B. Xiller was, during almost time when he removed the paper and office material all the administrations, a contributor to the editorial to Bro~vnsville,after that to Waynesburg, Greene Co., columnsof the paper. He mas an independent thinker, and finally to Pittsburgh, at which place it was pub- and a strong, forcible, and fearless writer. The free- lished in the interest of the Cumberland Presby- dom with which he expressed his opinions got him terian Church at l;~rge. In 1865, Mr. Jones discon- into trouble more than once. He was noted for hjs tinued the publication of The Presbyterian, and in 1873 rare power of invective, a faculty which he handled assumed the ownership and management of The when occasion seemed to demand it unhesitatingly Journal, published at Athens, Ohio, whither he had and with great effect. Mr. Miller was born in Union- removed. He continued in this place and business town, Feb. 21,1799. Graduating at the Washington, until his death, mhich occurred Jan. 29, 1881, at the Pa., College, he adopted law as his profession, hut age of fifty-five years. Mr. Jones acqt ir sd his knowl- confirmed dyspepsia compelled him to forego the sed- edge of printing in the office of The Genius qf Liberty entary life of a lawyer, and prevented him from reach- during the editorship of John W. Irons. ing any degree of eminence in the pursuit for which The Fuyette Wrig was started in 1849 by John Bos- he was by inclination and education peculiarly adap- ler, of Pittsburgh, the first number appearing June ted and upon which he entered with brilliant pros- 2d of that year. It did not survive long, owing to pects. In the session of 1832-33 he represented Fay- some trouble between Bosler and John F. Beazell, ette County in the ,Legislature. This much space is editor of the Pennsylunuia Democraf, also publishecl in devoted to and is due Mr. Miller for the reason that Uniontown at that time. There are no copies of The without it a history of tlie leading men of Fayette Whiy from which to gain information of its labors County and the Stnnclnrrl'.~most brilliant and most and success, even for the short time the paper es- merciless editor would be incomplete. James G. isted. Johnson probably imparted more of literary grace, The Democratic Ser~tinelwas first published in 1850, culture, and refinement to the editorial columns of by J. Nelson H. Patrick, then district attorney of the paper than any other writer. Fayette County. In 1855 he had taken a partner, The American Bnnnel- and Lite7-ary and Tenlpera//ce ancl the firm-name reads Patrick & Reilly. In June Journal was established in the month of April, 1833, of the same year the proprietors removed The Sentinet in Uniontown, the first number appearing April 16th. from Uniontomn to Connellsville, and not long after It was a fire-column folio, edited by Alfred Patter- Patrick sold his share of the office to a man named son, and printed by William H. Whitton, at a sub- Wallington. The firm of Wallington & Reilly did scription price of two dollars per year. There is not long continue, and in a few months tlie paper nothing on record to show thc length of time the and printing material, except the hand-press, was paper was published. purchased by the publishers of The Genius qf Liberty. The Democratic Shield made its first appearance in i Capt. James Downer, of Uniontown, bought the May, 1834. It was edited and published by James hand-press and shipped it to ICansas. The Selztinct Piper. T. Patton and J. G. Morris were the printers, I mas a six-column folio, issued meekly for one dollar and the office was a few doors east of tlie court-house 1 per year. Patrick is now living at ~iaha,Neb., pnie- in Uniontown. A copy of the paper, dated Wednes- ' ticing law. In the fall and winter following the elec- day, Sov. 4, 1835, is a five-column folio, fifteen by , tion of R. B. Hayes to the Presidency he was con- twenty-two inches in size, with the motto : " -4 sup- nected with Cronin, of Oregon, in the trouble with port to the expressed will of the people is the great the electoral rote of that State.

UNIOSTOWN BOROUGH.

------.------. ------Tfte A/t~eriuanCitize,~, a seven-column folio, pub- is inches, and again on May 20,1879, it was enlarged lished in the interest of the Know-Nothing party in o eight columns, twenty-six by forty in'ches in size. Uniontown and vicinity, was started in 7855 by Wil- Phis enlargement of Tf~eDe?nocrat hsbeen necessi- liam H. Nurphy and Jesse B. Ramsay. Its publica- ated by the constantly increasing patronage, the cir- tion lxsted but little more than two years, and but hulation having now reached fifteen hundred. The slight infbrmation can be gained of it except of its )ffice is in the Tremont building, corner of Main and founders personally. Mr. Ramsay now lives in Pitts- Uorgantomn Streets: Uniontown. burgh. Mr. Nurphy died in Galveston, Tesas, in The Nafiot~ul,edited and ~~ublishedby W. L. Perry 1866, of fever. lie served in the Union army during n the icterests of the Greenback party, mas first issued the whole of the Rebellion. He was a first-class prac- Tuly 31,1879, at one dollar and fifty cents per annum. tical printer, and escelled as an editor and publisher. ;t mas a seven-colum folio. For lack of support it He never wrote out editorials or lccals for his paper, lied Nov. 1, 1879, having existed but four months. but went to the case and set the type as he shaped The Amateur was another free advertising sheet, the article in his mind. ;tarted in Uniontown in 1879 by George Irwin. It Tf~eBaptist Journal, establislicd Dec. 20, 1855, had xas a monthly paper, four pages of ten by twelve for its founder, editor, and proprietor James C. nches, but did not last any length of time. TIThaley. The Journd mas a four-column folio, 16 by 21 inches in size, was issued monthly at fifty cents PHYSICIANS OF UNIONTOWN. per pear, and devoted to the dissemination of re- Dr. Samuel Sackett, who had been a surgeon in ligious knowledge and news, and the promotion of ;he Revolutionary war, removed from Connecticut Christian interests generally. It mas conducted but ,n September, 1781, to Uniontown, where he resided one year, when its existence ceased, and Nr. Whaley ;ill Nor. 10, 1788, when he removed to his farm on removed from Uniontown to Kentucky, to publish Jeorges Creek, one mile south of Smithfield, where the h'entucby Intelligemer. At the breaking out of William Sackett now lives. He practiced his pro- the late civil war he abandoned his paper and entered fession in Uniontown and on Georges Creek for the Union army, where lie served through all the about forty years, and died at his farm in 1833. He grades up to major by brevet. He was wounded had ten children,-four sons and six daughters. His eight diff*erenttimes during his years of service, had :on Samuel, who is well remembered by many of the his clothes riddled by rifle-balls from sharpshooters, slder citizens, was the father of William Sackett,mho acd his command had the honor of capturing the still lives on the homestead. One of the daughters Washington Light Artillery of New Orleans at the (Sally) became the wife of Dr. Lewis Narchand. battle of Uission Ridge, taking men, horses, and Dr. Henry Chapese was a physician and druggist guns complete. Mr. Whaley is now working on The of Uniontown between 1790 and 1800, but neither the Genius oj' Libcrty, in Uniontown, and is at present date of his coming nor the length of time that he re- the only living representative printer of the days mained is known. The county records show that on from 1850 to 1858 now working in Fayette County. the 13th of August, 1791, he purchased of Jacob Bee- Our Pnper was a monthly journal, which mas pub- son lots 4 and 5, on the north side of Elbow Street, lished for about a year in Uniontown, beginning in west of Morgantown Street. In an old account-book October, 1872. It was a paper having eight pages of of Benjamin Campbell, under date of May, 1792, Dr. four columns each, issued at a subscription price of Chapese is credited with a small amount for medicines fifty cents per year, and was edited by a committee of various kinds, and other entries are found in the fiom the Young Men's Christian Association. same book until November 19th of that year. The The Uhiontown Ente~prisewas a free advertising lots which he purchased of Jacob Beeson in 1791 he sheet, which was first published in 1876 by J. Austin sold to John Savary, March 25, 1793 ; but this sale Modisette. It was a four-column folio, 16 by 20 did not mark the date of his removal from Union- inches in size, and only existed for one year. town, as is shown by the following advertisement, Tl~cTemperance Radical mas established in 1878, found in the Pittsbur.qh Gmette of July, 1793, Giz. : and was another of the several papers that have had "The subscriber informs the public in general that he has a brief existence in Uniontown. Its first number ap- just received a new recruit of Patent and other ~ncdicines, peared May 23, 1878, and the last one ten months which he will scll at the most reduced prices for cash. Any later. It was a four-colu1xn folio, edited by TV. J. person taking a qumtity, as a practitioner, may rcly on getting McDomell. them nearly us lorn as they can be purchased in Philadelphia. The 7inionfown Bemt~ocrafis nn advocate of the prin- He hrts also an infallible remedy against snalie bites in smnll ciples of the Democratic party, the first number oi vials. By wetting with said substance and drinking about 15 mhich appeared on Aug. 13, 1878, edited and pub- drops of it, diluted in s gill of water, an ilnu1ecli:~te cure is lished by Joseph Beatty and Charles B. Conner. It obtained. Price 39 9'3 each. He has also for sale a gener:ll assortment of paint. flax-seed was first issued as a six-column folio, twenty-two by oil. and :In assortment of English vials and pencils. thirty inches in size. On April 1,1S79, it was changed " HESR~CHAPESE. from that to a seven-column folio,twenty-six by thirty- UNIOSTOWN,July 6, 1793."

310 HlSTOKY UP FAYETTE COUNTY, PHNNSL'LVBNIA. - Dr. Robert McCluk came from York County, Pa., ~ndremained until about IS%, when he was suc- and was in Uniontown as early as 1792, as appears :ceded by his brother Lewis, who increased the prac- from an entry in the account-book of Benjamin tice largely. He married a daughter of Dr. Samuel Campbell, dated November 221 in that year, credit- Sackett, and continued in practice in Uniontown ing Dr. McClure " By sundry medicines to this date." bout twenty years, highly rcspeeted as a man and a This is the only fact which has been found tending to physician. He removed fro111 this place to I17:ishing- show that he practiced his profession here. In 1795 ton township, where he died in 1864. he purchased a village lot on Elbow Street. In 179s Dr. Benjamin Stevens (born Feb. 20, 1737) was a he opened a public-house nearly opposite the court- relative of Jeremiah Ycara, \vho carne to Fayette house., He kept it as a tavern till about 1812, when County in 1789 and settled at Plumsock. Dr. Ste- he removed to t.he West. vens settled on a firm in Xorth ITnion township, and There was a Dr. Youl~glocated in Uniontown as practiced medicine in that vicinity. About 1811 he physician and druggist in the year 1796. No informa- removed to Uniontown. His office and residence was tion has been gained concerning him, escept what in a building that stood on the site of the present Con- appears in the following advertisement, which is found cert Hall. He died on the 3d of January, 1813, and in the Wedern Teleyruphe of Washington, Pa., of May was buried with Masonic honors by lodge So. 92 of 17th in the year named, viz. : Uniontown. During the long period of his practice "DR. POUXG in the old township of Union and the borough of ltespectfully informs the Public tht he has lately received t7niontown he stood high in public estimation as a from Kew Sork and Philadelphia a ncat and general assort- good physician and citizen. Some of his descendants ment of Drugs and Medicines, Pdent Nedicines, kc., which he are now li~ingin Uniontown. is now selling at his shop near the New Market House in Union Dr. I3en.jamin Dorsey, Dr. Daniel Sturgeon, Dr. Town, on 3s moderate terms :IS can be afforded. He likewise IVilson, of German township, and Dr. Wright were continuer to practice in the different branches of his profession : itudents with Dr. Stevens while he lived on his farm and hopes to merit the approbation of those who may plexse to (where Robert Gaddis now lives in North Union). ernploy him. Dr. Wright married a daughter of Andrew Byers, arid "Usros TOWN,FATETTF. COUSTY, livcd on Redstone Creek, near where the Chicago ">lay 6, 1736." Coke-Works now are. He practiced but little. Dr. Solomon Drown, anative of Rhode Island, came Dr. Daniel Sturgeon was a native of Adarns County, to Gniontown in, or prior to, 1796,' and on the 4th of Pa., born Oct. 27, 1781). Ile attended Jefferson Col- January in that year purchased from Henry Beeson lege at Canonsburg, Pa., after which (about 1510) thirteen acres, and two lots (similar to village lots) of he carne to Fayette County and commenced the land on the east side of Redstone Creek, and includ- study of medicine with Dr. Benjamin Stevens, who ing the site of the Madison College buildings. That was then on his farm in Union township, where Robert he practiced medicine here is shown by a minute in Gaddis now lives. He continued his studies with Dr. the commissioners7 records of the allo\vance of his Stevens for more than a year after the removal of the account for attending prisoners in the jail in the year latter to Gniontomn. He then went to Greensboro7. 1801. He is also remembered by Col. Samuel Evans, Greene Co., and cornrnenced practice, but had been though not very distinctly. How long he remained there less than a year when lie was invited by his a resident in Uniontown is not known. The property friend, Dr. Stevens (who was then suffering from the which he purchased of Henry Beeson mas sold April illncss which soon after proved fital), to return and 29, 18:33, by William Drown, his attorney, to Charles assist him in his practice in Uniontown. Dr. Stur- Elliott. gcon accepted the invitation, but before he had com- Dr. Adam Simonson came from the East, and set- pleted his arrangements Dr. Stevens died. 13s li- tled in Uniontown prior to 17'35. In that year he brary was then purchased, and his practice assumed became purchaser of a village lot in "Jacob's Addi- by Dr. Sturgeon, who from that time became a resi- tion." He married a daughter of the Rev. Obadiah tlcnt of Uniontown. He married Nancy, daughter of Jennings, of Dunlap's Creek Church, and remained Mrs. Nancy Gregg. a practicing physiciau in I7niontown till his death in Dr. Sturgeon early entered political life, mcl filled 180s. many offices, both State and national, among which Dr. Daniel Marchand and his brother, Dr. Lewis was that of IJnitcd States senator from Pennsylvania, Marchand (sons of Dr. David Marchand, a physician which he held froru 1840 to 1S.51. of long standing and good repute in Westn~oreland As a physici:~n he rvas trusted, respected, and de- Couaty), came to Fayette, and first cstablished in ~erredlypopular. He died July 2, ISiS, in the practice in Washington township, whence Dr. Daniel eighty-ninth year of his age. His son Jarnes was a Uarchand removed to Uniontown as enrly ns 1803, printer, but. later reccived the appointment of pay- h:lster in the army. He died aGut 1617. Another It will be noticed, ill the :rc~.ou~ltgiven on a preceding page of the 5011, John, studied law at 1;niontorvn. He went into Fourtll of J~~I~ccle~,r;,til,llill Ul,iol,t,,wll Dr. Drowll is tioned ns the or~rtorof the thy on t11:itocc;lsir,rl. 1 the Mexican war in Capt. Qu:rills company of Roberts7

------regiment, but died before reaching the city of Mexico. 1 Westmorelana Co., near the Fayette County line. It Dr. William H. Sturgeon, another son of Dr. Daniel was on this farm (which he afterwards owned) that 1 Sturgeon, studied medicine with Dr. Alesander H. I lie was reared. He received a liberal education Campbell, in Uniontown, in 184738. He attended under the tutorship of Gad Tower, a noted classical Jeferson Medical College in 184839, after whicli he i teacher of that time. At the age of about twenty returned to Uniontown and commenced practice, pears he cominenced the study of medicine mith Dr. mhich he has continued till the present time, mith the , Lewis Marchand, who was then living on his farm exception of a few years spent in Pittsburgh and Phil- I below Brownsville; Dr. Leatherman, of Canonsburg, adelphia. Washington Co., being a fellow-student with him Dr. Robert McCall was a native of Shippensburg, under Dr. Marchand. He attended a course of lec- Cumberland Co., Pa., where he studied medicine with tures at Philadelphia by the celebrated Dr. Benjamin Dr. Simpson. He was an army surgeon in thewar of Rush, and practiced about two years, then attended 1812-15, and soon after its close moved to Union- lectures at Baltimore. town, and opened his office in a building that stood After graduating he returned to Rostravor town- where the lam-office of Daniel Downer now is. I11 ship, and practiced there for several years. From 1819 he married Anna, daughter of Samuel King, and there he removed to Cookstown (now Fayette City), practiced in Uniontown till his death in 1833. and remained two years, then located in Brownsrille, Dr. Hugh Canlpbell was born in Uniontown, May whence after a few years he removed to Pittsburgh. 1, 1795. In 1819 he entered Jeffersoii College, at Can- There he obtained an extensive practice, but after onsburg, Washington Co., but after a year of study about two years returned to his farm in Rostravor, came back to Uniontown, and entered the ofice of where he remained for thirty years,'but was only a Dr. Daniel Marchand as a student of medicine. After part of this time in active practice there. In Janu- two years7 study mith Dr. 31archand7 he attended a ary, 1869, he removecl to Uniontown, where he lived course of lectures at the University of Pennsylvania, until his death, mhich occurred Sept. 22, 1875, at the and graduated in 1818. He returned to Uniontown, age of eighty-three pears. and soon afterwards became associated in business Dr. Porter was recognized as standing in the high- with Dr. Lewis Marchand. From that time he was est rank of his profession, and consultations with him in practice during the remainder of his life, except mere constantly sought by the best practitioners in from 1564 to 1869, when he was warden of the peni- his section of country, including the city of Pitts- tentiary at Allegheny City. He died Feb. 27, 1876, burgh. He said of himself, " My mind was always aged eighty-one years. slow." But if slow, there were none more sure. " He Dr. C. N. J. Magill was in practice in Uniontomn mas fifty years in advance of his age," was the opin- in 1835. On the 23d of September in that year he ion expressed by Dr. John Dixon, an eminent physi- advertised that he had "opened an office for surgery cian of Pittsburgh, on Dr. David Porter. and the practice of medicine nest door to E. Bailey's Dr. John F. Braddee (who has already been no- watchmaker shop, on Main Street. Dwelling, No. 3 ticed in the account of the great Uniontown mail Stewart's Row, Morgantown Street." He afterwards robbery) was a man concerning whom there is a doubt removed to Salt Lick township, and died there. whether his name ought to be mentioned with those Dr. H. C. Rlartherns was an early practitioner in of respectable members of the medical fraternity of Smithfield, and removed thence to Uniontorvn. In Uniontomn, but the question has been decided in April, 1536, he announced that he " has remored his the affirmative by some of the present leading phy- officc to the brick dwelling formerly occupied by Mrs. sicians of the borough. He was a charlatsn, a man Gregg, four doors east of the court-house, where he of little or no education, but fertile in resources. He will attend to all calls." How long he continued in was said to have come into this section of country practice in Uniontown has not been ascertained. about the year 1830 as an assistant to a party of Dr. Alexander Hamilton Campbell was a son of horse-dealers from Kentucky, and having for some Samuel Y. Campbell, an6 a native of Uniontown. cause severed his connection with them, and finding He studied medicine with his uncle, Dr. Hugh himself in a very low financial condition, he came Campbell, about 1840, then attended lectures at Jef- to Uniontown and boldly announced hirnself as a ferson l\Iedical College, in Philadelphia, and after physician. Being a man of fine personal appear- graduating returned to Uniontown, where he prac- ance, of pleasing address, great tact and unbounded ticed till his death in 1859. assurance, he became at once successful, and se- Dr. David Porter was a native of Virginia. His cured a more extensive practice than was ever father, William Porter, was a teacher in Washington enjoyed by any regular physician of the town or County, Pa., where he lived until March, 1794. He county. It is said that in a single day nearly one then moved to Wheeling, Va., where his son David hundred patients from the surrounding country came was born. After the death of his father, about 1798, into Uniontown for treatment by Dr. Ih-addee, and he was adopted by William Woolscy, a retired sea- waited for long weary hours to see him in their turn. captain, then living on a farm in Rostravor township, He was soon enablcd to purchase the Nation~lHotel

312 HISTOltY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. _ property, at the corner of IIorg-:intowl~ and Eayctte I IIOJI(EOPhTI1T. Streets, and in that house he made his professional , Years ago several attempts mere made to introduce 11e:ldqu:lrters. His remarkable success, however, did llonlceopatl~yin Fayette County. Dr. C. Bael and not deter but rather seemed to incite him to illegiti- , Dr. Ridley practiced in Brownsville, but 6he esact mate projects for money-making, and in 1540 he, ) date of their commencing practice is unknown. B. with the aid of confederates, executed a cunningly 1 F. Connell, l$.l)., a convert from the old school, devised phn for robbing the United States inail while practiced a few years in Uniontow, but subsequently in transit through Uniontown. For this offense he moved to Ohio, and from thence to Connellsville, was arrested, tried, and convicted, and in 1841 his j where he practiced several years. professional career in Uniontown was closed by a sen- Dr. J. G. Heaton practiced for a short time at Fair- tence of ten years at hard labor in the penitentiary. ' chance Furnace. None of the above practitioners Dr. H. T. Roberts is a native of Allegheny County, ! remained long enough to establish the practice, and and a son of Judge Roberts, late of Pittsburgh. for a long time after the above practitioners left for Having studied medicine in that city, he locat,ed in , other fields homceopathy mas withont a representa- Uniontown in 1841 and practiced a few years, after I tive. which he rernovecl. Some two or three years since According to the "History of Homccopathy," pub- he returned to Uniontown, but is not in practice. : lished by the World's Homeopathic Convention, Dr. Frederick C. Robinson, a native of Saratoga which met in Philadelphia in 1876, "To A. P. Bowie, County, N. Y., removed thence to Erie, Pa., when M.D., belongs the credit of the successful estab-

quite young. In 1841 he came to Uniontown, and , lish~aentof homeopathy in Fayette County." Dr. commenced the study of medicine with Dr. H. I?. / Bowie commenced in Uniontown in 1869, and is still Roberts. In 1844 he removed to Ohio, where he ' in active practice in the borough. The other practi- completed his studies, and remained in practice till tioners in this count,y are S. W. Hickman, M.D., 1850, when he entered the Jefferson Medical College. Uniontomn ; W. J. Hamilton, M.D., Dunbar; and S. Hegraduated in the winter of iS5O-51, and returned I C. Bosley, lM.D., Connellsville. to Uniontown, where he has followed his profession I until the present time. He was esamining surgeou LAWYERS. of this district during the war of the Rebellion, and ; The early attorneys of Uniontown have been men- examining physician for the United States Pension tioned in preceding pages, in connection with the bar Office for thirteen years. of Fayette County. The list of lawyers now (1881) Dr. Robert M. Walker is a native of Franklin residing in and practicing in the borough is as fol- County, Pa. He was educated in Ohio at Franklin lows : College. He studied medicine with Dr. Joseph Mc- Daniel Kaine. S. L. Mestrezat. Closkev, of Perryopolis, and Dr. John Hassan, of Alfred Howell. J. L. Johnson. West Newton. In the spring of 1843 he commenced John I(. Ewing. J. M. Ogelvee. practice in Uniontomn. In the winter of 184445 he A. E. Willson,Pres.Judge. A. H. Wyckoff. attended lectures at Jefferson Medical College, and at John Collins. L. H. Frasher. the close of his course in Philadelphia returned to G. W. K. 3finor. Daniel M. Hertzog. Uniontown, where he is still in practice. Thomas B. Searight. P. S. Morrow. Dr. Smith Fuller, born in Connellsville, Pa., William H. Playford. H. Detwiler. studied medicine with Dr. John Hassan from the William Parshall. George Hutchinson. spring of 1838 till 1840, when he went to Philadel- Charles E. Boyle. William Guiler. phia and attended lectures at Jefferson College. He Daniel Downer. M. M. Cochran. then practiced medicine in Uniontown until 1846, T. B. Schnatterly. George B. Kaine. when he resumed his course at Jefferson College. In A. D. Boyd. Robert Hopwood. 1847 he returned to Uniontomn, where he has since Edward Campbell. Alonzo Hagan. been constantly in active practice, except when serving Nathaniel Ewing. F. AT. Fuller. in the State Senate from 1561 to 1863. His sons, John Samuel E. Ewing. Robert Kennedy. M., Smith Jr., and William B., are physicians, the first two now (June, 1881) practicing in Uniontown, SCHOOLS. and the last named attending lectures in Philadelphia. The earliest reference found in any record or other The present physicians of Uniontown are : docnment toschoolsorto places where they mere taught Dr. Smith Fuller. Dr. J. B. Ewing. in Uniontomn is in the act erecting the county of " R. M. Walker. " John Hankins. Fayette, passed Sept. 26, 1783, which directs that the " H. F. Roberts. " Smith Fuller, Jr. court shall be held "at the school-house, or some fit " F. C. Robinson. J' John Sturgeon. place in the town of Union, in the said county," and " William H. Sturgeon. " A. P. Bowie. in the letter (before quoted) written a few months " John 31. Fuller. " S. W. Hickman. later by Ephraim Douglass to Gen. Irvine, describing " John Boyd. " L. S. Gaddis. the new county-seat, he says it contains "a court-

UXIOKTOWX BOROGGH. ------house and school-house in orie," etc. Several deeds of 1 " Marc11 25, 1917. Cou?zt!/of Fayette: about that date mention in their descriptioIl of boun- 1 " TO the AMessoyk ?f dnries, a scllool-llouse lot evidently near the present " YOUare hereby authorized and required cnurt-~lousegrounds. a deed of lot N~.43, ese- , the parents of the children hereinafter named that cuted in 1783, colin carnpbell is givell the they are at liberty to send their children to the most a which probably, but not as a matter of convenient school free of expense, and also transmit had reference to occupation iI1 union- a list of the names of the children as aforesaid to the tOn.!l. teachers of schools within your township, agreeably A school lvas in uniontown before the to the eleventh section of an act of General As- year 1800 under the auspices of the llethodiot Church. sembly passed 4, lso9."

That school will be found more fully ~nentionedin ' the history of that church. ' The act of the Pennsylvania Legislature " to establish a general system of Education by Common Miss Sally Hadden, who mas born in Cniontomn , Schools,n April 1, 1834, declares that,- in the year 1S00, and has always lived on the spot of I <( W~r~n~as,It is enjoined by the constitution as her nativity, says the first school she remembers, was a solellln duty which cannot be neglected without a taught by an Irishman named Burns in a log house I disregard of the moral and political safety of the ivhich stood on the north end of lot NO. 39, now the people; And whereas the fund for common-school property of Ylrs. David Porter. Afterwards she at- purposes, under the act of the Second of April, one I tended the Jlethodist school 011 Peter Street, taught , thousand eight hundred and thirty-one, on the by a Mr. Cole. I fourth of April nest amount to the sum of five hun- .?esse Beeson, grandson of the original proprietor dred and forty-six thousand five hurldred and sixty- of the town, \V~Sborn in 1806. He first attended three dollars and seventy-two cents, and will soon school in a log house where the Methodist Episcopal I rench the sum of t,\yo million dollars, iyhen it will house of worship now stands. The school mas taught 1 produce at five per cent. an interest of one hundred by a Mrs. Douyllerty. He afterwards attended at the thousand dollars, which by said act is to be paid for school-house on Peter Street mentioned by Miss the support of common schools; And whereas pro- Hadden. A teacher in the Peter Street school about visio1l.s should be made by lam for the distribution of that time was Silas Bailey, father of UTilliam and the benefits of this fund to the people of the respec- Ellis Bailey. , ti1-e counties of the commonwealth; Therefore [it The following notice, which appeared in the Genius I was enacted] That the city and count?; of Philadel- qf Libe~tyin April, 1817, is given here as indicating phia, and every other county in t,his Commonwealth, the progress which had then begun to be made towards shall each form a school division, and that every t,lie free school system,' which was adopted in the ~sard,township, and borough within the several school State some gears later : divisions shall each form a school district; Provided, .- . .- .. ------That any borough which is or may be connected with 1 At that time, and fur more than twenty years afterwards, Uniontown (like most othervillages of its sine and iniport:lnce,~~articularlycounty- a township in the assessment and collection of county seats) \\-*prolific of piirate scl~ools,"sclect schools." and so.called rates and levies shall with the said township, so long ";tcademies," sunle of them l~aringmelit, bnt the grcsater part beiug as it remains so connected, form a district, and each poor mid of short duration. Generally they were quite ~rretentiousir~ their mnonncemerlts, and nearly every scholar vhose pareuts were able of said districts shall contain a competent number of to incnr the expense (\~l~icliw:s not heavy) attended some one of them, common schools for the education of every child fur a "term" of three months if no more. within the limits thereof who shall apply, either in In the Go~i~csof Liberty of June 6, lS'10, are found the advertisements person or by his or her parents, guardian, or next of two of these schools. One is to the effdthat "Mr. and 3h.s. Baker present their respectful complimenm to the people of Union Town, friend, for admission and instruction. . . . All moneys soliciting their support of a Scl~oulfor the instruction of Toung Ladies that may come into the possession of the county in all t11c usual branches of an Englisl~ednwtion. Also pli~insewing, treasurers for the use of any school district or districts marking cotton-work of all kinds, Emlroidery, Taml~our,Filngree. Fringe, Netting, Drawing, Painting, and Nusic, vocal and instru- within their respective divisions shall be paid over mental." by the said treasurers to the treasurer of the said dis- The other, in the same column, is that of John A. Donne, who an- trict respectively at such times as the commissioners nonnces that" Persons drsirous of placing pupils under the care of the of the respective counties shall order and direct." subsc~.ilermay he accon~modatedby m":king early application at his . - -. ------.. - residence, two doors east of Nrs. Gregg's. His room is spacious and con- " venient, and his prices accorr~modatedtu the tinlcs, and proportioned to Since handing the above for publication it bas been snggpsted the different Irranches taught. An enumrratiou of tl~obrancl~w is that I should decline taltin::yo~~:rgladirs in favor of a cert;tiu 3Ir. Baker 6 thougl~tunnecvssary. Co., who propose estal~lislnnga scl~oolhrrr, and col~finenrysrlf to the "Without arrogating to himself any snperinr pretentions, the sr~b instruction of Loys,ar~dlest, ns it freqnently happens, conjrcture sl~ould scriber rvspectfnlly suggests that he lias had some yews' experience in in the course of circulation be given for fact, I ~?eemit proper to state teaching, has made it n profession, and not crnbrnced it merely as a tlmt I shall not agree to any such arrangement, Lnt sl~allconlinna to temporary expedient. Grateful for past patronage, he rcspcctf~~llysolicits admit into my fichool all the young ladies .as well as all the boys that a continuance of it, and \vitl~outlwornise to prrform miracles, pledgrs may offer." himself that his exertious to merit it shall be unremittcd. At about the snme time Patrick Talbot modestly advertised that 11e "JOHN A. DONSR. airs about to open n school in IJniontoan fur teaching the English L'U~~~~,March 1, 1820." branches.

314 HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, PELUNSYLVANIA. ------Underthis Ian the county commissioners of Fayette was erected on the same lot, at the corner of the alley at their December session in that year ordered the and Church Street. These two buildings mere fbund levying of a tax of double the aniount of school sufficient until thc present school-house mas erected. money received from the State. The court of Fayette In 1357 an addition was made to the scLool lot on County at the January term, 1335, appointed school the west by a purchase from Moses Sheahan, on the directors for the townships and boroughs of the l!kh of August in that year; and on the Gth of countj-, those appointed for Uniontown being Richard June, 1860, the lot known as the BIolly Lyon lot was Beeson and James Piper. On the 1st of December, purchased at sheriff"^ sale. The three purchases 1835, the borough complied with the terms of the law, above named form the school-house lot as it is at and the directors reported to the county treasurer. present. The amount of State money apportioned to tile The law creating the office of county superintendent borough in that year mas $73.66; from the county, of schools \\as passed in 1854. Joshua Gibbons, of $147.32 ; total, $220.93. Bromnsville, helcl the office for twelve years. The Free comnon schools were first opened in Union- first report which has been found (that of the year town in 1836,l the fo1lo~-ingbeing the first official , 13.57) shows that there Jyere then in the borough of action of the board of directors in the matter, viz. : Uniontown four hundred and one scholars, with seven sum "At a meeting of the_sehool directors for Univn Borough on teachers in the The of S156'S0 the 19th day of Xarch, 1S.36, it as resolved to open four f cc Was ~eceiTedfrom the State, and 83%-41 from the schools in 2nd borough, to commence about the 15th ~JJof ~ollector. Aprd next and continue for six months, wh~chpenod ~111he The schools of Uniontown were graded in 1555, divided into two sesslons of three u~ontliseach. There RI 1 under James H. Springer, who l~\-asthen the principal. he a vacation or recess between the sessions of one mont' , presentbrick school-house was erected in 1868, which will happen in August. It as also resolved that tl7c t,le comnlencenlent being made by breaking ground directors will receive proposals until the Sth day of April nc\t on the 15th of ApriI in that year, and the building from persons wishing to become teachers in any one of sa~d beinp completed and ready for occupancy in the suc- schools. The proposals will set forth the price per month for the whole term of sis mouths (excluding the vacation), or the ceeding fall. It was planlled by J. W. Icerr, an archi- sum for which the teacher will take'eharge of a school for the tect of~ittsbur~h ; the contractors were R. and H. whole time it is proposed to keep the schools open the present Fulton, of Semickley, Westmoreland Co. The stone- year. One of the schools nt least will be put under the charge work was done by John Wilhelm, of Connellsville ; of a female iustrnctor. Proposals from females wishing to en- brick-work by Alfred Dearth, of New Salem, Fayette gage in the business are respectfully invited. Co. The contract price was $30,644; cost of furni- "JOBS DA~-SON, A. 1,. LITTELL, ture, $2800. The building stands on the corner of LL7?T~~~~.i\~REDDICK, JA~S BOYLLS, Barclay's Allep and Church Street. It is ninety feet ':HUGHESPY, WILLIA~WILSOX, in length by sixty-fire feet in width, and three stories " Directors. "March 19, 1S36." high. The first floor contains four school-rooms, each forty-two feet eleven inches by twenty-four feet eleven The east part of the lot of land on which the pres- inches in dimensions. The second floor is also divided ent school-house stands was purchased of William into four rooms, similar to those below. The third Salter in 1838, the deed bearing date September 6th floor has two rooms and an exhibition hall, eightp- of that year. On the lot stood a foundry, which had seven by thirty-sis feet. been occupied by Salter for several years. It mas re- In I870 a school-house for colored children was modeled and fitted up with four rooms for school erected at a cost of $1500. The lot on which it stands purposes. This alone was used until about 1850, was purchased of William Baldwin, who donated one- when another building, also containing four rooms, half the price. It is sitnated in the settlement known ~ - ...... 1 At the time of the opening of the free schools in Uniontown there as " Hayti," on the east side of Redstone Creek. was in tlle horougi~:in institution ltnorvn as the "Uuion High School," The following statistics have reference to the schools of which Xr. J. a. Smith was principal. In the Genius of Liberty of of Uniontown Borough for the year 1880: May 25,1836, he announced that " Niss Pears, a graduate of Mr. Beat- ty's female seminary, will be in town in the course of a few days to aid Number of pupils ...... 536 in this [the young ladies'] department," etc. The period of tho contin- xumher of te:tchers ...... 10 nation of this high school has not been ascertained. Total espenclitures for the gear ...... 46,Til.69 Under date of July %,1S37, is found the advertisement of the "Fay- TTaluation of school property ...... %10,000.00 ette Seminary." Located at Unio~~town.Open for male and fenlale Indebtedness ...... 815,065.61 students on the first Jlonday in September. Embracing two depart- ments, "one principal, the other preparatory." The Sear divided into The school board of the borough for 1881 i-a com- two riessions of tx~enty-twoweelis each, quarters of fourtecn weeks. posed of Daniel Kaine, G. W. K. Minor, J. N. Paw. Charge for tuition in principal department, $1'2.50; in preparatory lie- partn~eot,$7.00 per session. Samuel Wilson, priucipal. Mr. Wilsou son, Joseph White, Alfred Howell, and Joseph Beatty. was succeeded by Smith F. Grier, v11o was principnl of the senliuary in President, Daniel Kaine; Secretary, Joseph Beatty; 183940. Treasurer, A. C. Nutt. In 1839-November 19th-a select school was opeurrl "in Nr. E. West's school-room" by George W. Brown, of Monongalia Couutj, Va., The following is an imperfect list of the school but no later notice of it is found. directors of Uniontown from 1835 to bhe present time : .

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH. ---- - 1~35.-Richard Beeson, James Piper, appointed by the court, children shall lcontinue to be taught gratis in said Jsnusry, lSB5. , academy longer than two years." 1S36.-John Dxwson, A. L. Littell, William Reddick, James TI,, acadelny ,\.as continued varying success B:~ylis. Hugh Espey, \~'illiam Wilson. for many years. Finally it mas taken under charge lS3$-43.-No return. I of the Pittsburgh Conference of the Methodist Epis- 1843.-James F. Cannon, Wilson Swain. I 1S4&.-E. Brownfield, It. G. Hopwood. coprtl Church, and under these auspices was incorpo- ls?5.-William Gaddis, H. F. Roberts. I rated March 2,182'7, as Madison College. By'the act lS4F-IS.-No return. 1 of incorporation thirty-eight trustees were appointed, 1s49.-R. T. Gallorray. A. Hadden. of whom the following named were residents of ~~j~.--WiHialnGacldis, Dsniel Ksine. Uniontown, viz. : Thomas Irwin, John Kennedy, 1~51.-James F. C.~nnon,~\'illi:un Thorndell. , Thornton Fleming, John $5. Austin, H. B. Bascom, ]S.j3.-William Gaddis, Daniel Kuine. / Samuel Evans, Henry Ebbert, Kathaniel Ewing, 1Sji.-Joshua l3. tIoucell, Ellis Bailey. I Robert Skiles, and Isaac Beeson. 1Sjj.-Elcazer Itobinson, U'illisu~ 4. Donaldson. 1S.X.-William Gaddis. E. IT. Power. H. B. Bascom was appointed president and Pro- 1S5i.-Ellis Bailey, James NcKean. 1 fessar of Moral Science ; Charles Elliot, Professor of 1~5s.-Eleazer Robinson, Evewrcl Bierer. 1 Languages; and J. H. Fielding, Professor of Mathe- I 1S59.-Smith Fuller, E. W. Power. I matics. One of the professors had pastoral charge of 1SG1.-E\-ward Bierer, Amos Jolliff. I the Methodist Episcopal Church in Uniontown. In 1S62.-Edward G. Rod~ly,Benjaoiin Courtney. 1829, Dr. Bascom resigned the presidency to become lSG3.-Henry White, C. 8. Peaton. I agent for the American Colonization Society. In 1S64.-James Darby, Anderson Jolliff. 1831, J. H. Fielding mas appointed president, and lSG5.-William Doran, Alesander Chisholm. Homer J. Clark professor. In 1832 the institution 1S67.-James H. Springer, Frederick C. Robinson. , 1S72.-Adam C. Nutt, Alfred IIowell. suspended, as propositions had been made to the Con- 1S75.-Adam C. Nutt, IIenry M. Clay. i ference to accept Allegheny College, at Meadville, in 1S76.-Joseph Beatty, William H. Bailey. I its stead, the buildings, library, and apparatus of 1ST7.-Smith Fuller, Daniel Kaine. 1 which were greatly preferable. During the few years 1STS.-Villism H. Bowman, Jacob D. Moore. of its existence. however, a number of pr~mising lSS0.-Daniel Ka.ine, George W. R. Minor. I young men were educated, and a great impulse was 1SS1.-Alfred Howell, Joseph White. given to ministerial study throughout Western Penn- UNION ACADEMY AXD DIADISON COLLEGE. sylvania. The Union Academy nras incorporated by an act After the college passed from the charge of the of the Legislature passed Feb. 4, 1808,' which pro- Methodist Conference it was continued under the vided " That there shall be, and hereby is, established auspices of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, in the borough of Uniontown, in the county of Fay- and in charge of Dr. J. P. Wethee. He was suc- ette, an academy or public school for the education of ceeded about 1841 by Dr. Andrew Ferrier, who was youth in the useful arts, sciences, and literature, by in turn succeeded by Dr. Cox. In May, 1852, the the name and style of ' The Union Scademy.' " The college was mentioned in the Genius qf Liberty as trustees appointed by the act of incorporation n-ere being then " in a very flourishing condition." About James Guthrie, Thomas Hadden, Presley Carr Lane, 1854 it passed under the charge of the Methodist Prot- James TV. Nicholson, Christian Tarr, Charles Porter, estant Church, and mas at different times under the Thomas Mason, John Kennedy, Zadoc Walker, James principalship of Drs. Cox, Rall, and Brown. About Allen, Maurice Freeman, Jesse Pennell, and James 1858 the property was sold at sheriff's sale, after Firidley. which the building was used for a private school, of The sum of two thousand dollars was granted by which the first principal was William McDowell. He the act,, out of any unappropriated money in the remained two or three years, and was succeeded by State treasury, in aid of the academy, to be applied Levi S. Lewis, who became principal in September, ullder the direction of the trustees; and it mas fur- 1861, and continued in charge till February, 1864, ther provided by the act that "there shall be ad- when the school was taken by two young men named mitted into the academy any number of poor children Reed, who taught one season, and then the scbool who may at any time be ofYered, in order to be taught passed to the charge of S. B. Mercer, who continued gratis ; provided the nuniber so admitted shall at no it till 1866, when the buildings were taken for the use time be greater than four, and that none of said poor of the Soldiers7 Orphans7 School, which continued to -.. A ~ ~ be taught there until 1875, when it mas removed to 1 The academy, hoverer, was in operation some time before its incor- the new buildings erected for its use at " Dunbar's poration. In an advertisemc.l~tdated in March, 1807, the name of John St. Clail; " te;leher of the Lauguage;es and Xathematics in the linion Camp." Academy" at Uniontown, is given in reeomrneudation of the superior The old Madison College buildings, now in disuse, quality of the surveying instrnments manuhctllred by Alexander Simp- are located 011 the north side of Main Street (or the son, of Brownwille; and in the act of incorporation it is directed that National road), on the high land just east of the east- the trustees appointed by it shonld hold their first meeting in the academy, showing that it esistecl prior to the pasaga of the act. ern bridge over Redstone Creek.

316 HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, YEXMSYLVANIA.

CIIURCHES. / cf John Sutton mentioned anywhere in connection l with the church records, while that of Isaac is fre- GREAT RETIIEL REGULAR BAPTIST CI1URCII.l ' quently referred to, we are disposed to think that he This organization mas formed in the year 1770, and i was the successor of Henry Crosby, and although not is evidently one of the first religious societies estab- the tbunder of the church, the first pastor after its lidled within the boundaries of Fayette County, and organization. The oldest book of record has the fol- as it can be traced by its own records as a distinct or- lowing title-page : ganization down to the present time, it becomes one "Isaac Sutton, of thc important parts of our present history. Great Bethel 111 the oldest book of records now in tlie possession Church Book, of tlie church the following entry is made on the first for the use of Inserting Niuutes of Business trans- page : " The Regular Baptist Church of Jesus Christ acted by the Church." at Uniontown, l'a., unwilling that their origin should This certainly is evidence that Sutton mas pastor bc lost in obscurity, and apprehending, from the de- when that book mas procured, and it contains minutes cayed state of the annals respecting the institutior~ beginning with 1753. This church has frequently and progress thereof, that they will shortly become been called " The Uniontown Church," " Uniontomn unintelligible, hare by an unanilnous resolution Baptist Church," etc., owing to its location. But passed on this 12th. clay of Xorember, 1S22, ordered there was a church, known as the Uniontown Church, thtt,lle first book of said church should be transcribed organized some time previous to the year 1790, the in line in the same words and the same manner in esact date of which we are unable to ascertain. On which it was written, and that our brother, Samuel the 6th of Xovember of that year is the following en- Kiog, be appointed for this service." From the try in Great Bethel church-book : "The Church of transcript made by Mr. King, in pursuance of that Christ called Great Bethel met the Church of Christ resolution, the following letter is copied verbatim, of Union Town according to appointment. After ~iz.: prayer proceeded to business. lst, Appointed Dea- "The Church of Jesus Christ at Great Bethel, Con- con Gaddis to receive them. 2d, The Church of stituted as is supposed in Pro~inceof Pennsylrania, Union dissolved their constitution and were received holding Believers, Baptism, kc., kc., sindeth greeting. into fellowship with us." Then follo\~~sa series of "To all Christian People to whom these may Con- rules adopted for the government of t,he church. cern, Know ye that Isaac Sutton is in full Communion This was the only Urliontown Baptist Church prop- with us, and is of a Regular and of a Christian Con- erly called by that name until the division in 1867, versation, and for aught me know is approrad of by when one portion of the church took upon itself the us in general as a gifted Brother, and we do unitedly name and ~vaschartered as the Uniontown Regu- agee that he should Improve his Gifts as a Candidate lar Baptist Church. The other branch still retained for the ministery where Ever god in his Providence the name and kept np the organization as Great Bethel, shall Cali him. sign'd by us this Eigtll day of KO- more reference to which will hereafter be made. vernber, in the gear of our lord Christ-1770. P,u~~urs~s.-Thereis as much uncertainty with " Witness our hands, regard to the site of the first house of worship as to " N.B. JACOBVASJIETRE. the name of the first pastor. The earliest reference " That this Church was RICHARDHALL. to this subject in the records of the church is found Constituted by me, Xov" ZEPHESIAHBL-~CI~FORD.in the minutes of the monthly meeting held March Because we are few in ith, 1770, and that the 18, 1780, as follows: " Resolved, that a meeting-house Bearer was licensed to number our Sisters are be built for public worship by the church. Resolved, Preach before me, or in allowed to sign. that brethren Jas. McCoy, Owen Davis, Xoses Carr my Presence, as witness RACHELSUTTOS. view the ground and pitch upon the place for build- mv hand this St" day of LETTICEVASNETRE. ing, the dimensions of the house to be thirty feet and Novr, 1770. SARAHHALL." tirenty-five." In July following we find this entry : " HESRY CROSBYE." "Resolved, that two meeting-houses be built, tl& From the latter part of this letter it appears that Owen Davis, Philip Pierce, Joseph Thomas, Jos. the church was constituted by Henry Crosby, but Bontenliouse, and Philip Jenkins, to meet. on Tues- nothing further is said of him in the minutes which day, eighth day of August, to council what is needful follow, and we have been unable to ascertain anything I to carry on the building and what place." On Map further with regard to his personal history or his sub- 1 19, 1781, " In order to carry on the building of the sequent connection with the church. 111 Benedict's ~lieeting-house,Bros. Owen Davis and Philip Jenkins "History of the Baptists," page 614, it is stated that are appointed overseers of the work ; Bro. Rolten- this church "mas gathered in 1770, under the ministry house, collector of the subscription." June 19, 1584, of elder John Sutton," but as we do not find the name " Resolved, that the members shall work at tlie meet- - - - ing-house every day that is appointed by Richard

1 BY n. N. Hertzog. 1 Reed, Thomas Bowel, and Philip Jenkins, under

UNlONTOWN BOROUGH. 317 penalty of five shillings for neglect." 011Sept. 15, This is a fine two-story brick building, forty-two by 1787, a resolution was passed " tliat a meeting-house sixty-five feet in dimensions, with spire about one be built on the Great Road, about a quarter of a mile hundred and ten feet high. It is provided with lec- fkom Uniontown, and Thomas Gaddis and Moses ture-room below, in which is a baptistery and well- Carr and James Little trustees to carry it on." We furnished room, with frescoed walls for the main Iiave been unable to reconcile these different resolu- chapel above. The whole building mas completed, tions so as to either fis the time when the first house owing to the high prices of all material when it was was erected or ascertain the place where it was begun, at a total cost of about $11,000. located. The first reference to a house as having B~as~~~s.--FromGreat Bethel Regular Baptist been built i+ in September, 1789, as follows: "The Church there were established from time to time rvhole of the land where the meeting-house stands numerous branches, all of which were afterwards belongs to tbe church for four pounds. Thomas Gad- formed into distinct organizations, and most of them dis appointed to receive the Deed in the name of the still exist as flourishing churches. As those of them cliurch of Great Bethel against our meeting of busi- \\-hich are situated within the boundaries of this ness, etc." And again, June 18, 1790 : "The church county will each be more particularly described in acknowledges that when Thos. Gaddis makes them a their proper places, it is only necessary here to briefly Deed for the acre of land that the meeting-house mention the time at which they mere separated from stands on, that they stand indebted to him nineteen the mother-cl~urch. On Narch 19, 1773, the mem- pounds one shilling and ten pence, all errors ex- ' bers convenient to Muddy Creek were dismissed by cepted." This would indicate that the land was pur- letter to that church, which is situated in Greene chased from Thomas Gaddis, but immediately follow County, Pa., and is still in a flourishing condition. ing it was resolved " that the trustees, Thomas Gaddis On Sept. 21, 17'75, the brethren in the Forks of Cheat and Moses Carr, get the deed in their names in behalf were granted a constitution. This church now has of' the church of Great Bethel." It was just at this its place of worship near Stewarttown, TV. Va., and time that the contention arose among tlie members has quite a large membership. A branch church was elsewhere referred to, and as Thomas Gaddis appears organized in "the Glades" on the 15th of November, to have been a leading member of the Loofborrow I 177s. It is still kept up as an independent organi- party, it was decided by the other party that he was , zation, known as Big Crossings. At the same meet- not n proper person to receive the deed, and from ' ing a constitution was granted to the branch on Red- this time there is nothing further said about a deed stone, situated in Fayette County, and Isaac Sutton until the gear 1804, when one acre of land was con- , appointed "to constitute them." Also James Sutton, \-eyed to the Great Bethel Church by Henry Beeson James McCoy, Charles McDonald, and Philip Jen- and wife. This lot of ground was located on the kins mere appointed a committee to meet them on the " Great Road" leading from Uniontown to Cheat third Saturday of December following, " in order to Rirer, and though it is now within the borough see that they be an unanimous body fit for a consti- linlita, it doubtless would at that early day have been ' tution, and to settle matters of diEculty if there is very properly described as " about a quarter of a mile any." from Uniontown." In the old burying-ground on a The members belonging to Great Bethel Church part of this lot are found tombstones dating back to ' living near and beyond the Youghiogheny mere per- 1796, and sonle whose dates are no longer legible. mitted to organize as a branch of the church on-the Uany of our citizens still living distinctly remember 20th of September, 1783, but the history of this or- when an old house stood on this lot, previous to the ganization cannot be traced further. building of the brick structure ~~hichstill occupies Oct. 16, 1784, the church at Georges Creek was it. And as no further reference is made to building dismissed by request, and Isaac and James Sutton until the year 1831, n.hen this house mas begun, we appointed to constitute them on the 30th of the same may conclude almost, if not to an entire certainty, month. This church has since become one of the that the house directed to be built in 1787 was located leading members of the Monongahela. Association, upon the same site where the old brick church now and its history will appear as that of Mount Moriah stands, and tliat it was occupied by the congregation Regular Baptist Church. up to the completion of that church, about the year In tlie year 1830 a branch was organized at or near 1833. This is a large building, with ample room be- McClellantown, Payette Co., but has since become low and gallery above. It was occupied by the Great extinct. Bethel Church until the division in 1867, when pro- Thus it is seen that either directly or indirectly ceedings were begun for the erection of a new build- many of the churches of this county and a&joining ing, which was located on Fayette Street, in the counties have sprung from the Great Bethel Church, borough of Uniontown. It was begun in the year and truly she may be termed the mother of Baptist lS6S, but owing to the financial difficulties in which churches in this section of Pennsylvania. they were then placed was not finally completed &l~ar~~~s~~~.-Beginningas this church did, when until 1879, it being dedicated in August of that year. the inhabitants of the county were settled here and 21

HISTORY OF PAYETTE COULUTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

there in little groups, its ~nembersltipmust have been tion of the members to leave the building in which small. From tlie oldest list of members on record we they worshiped and erect a new house in a difierent find from September, 1770. to November of the same locality. The portion of members thus going off mere year, when the church was formaliy organized, there recognized, upon a full explanation of the difficulty were received by baptism eight members ; these, in ad- to the Association at their next meeting, asthe Regular dition to the six whose signatures are affixed to the Baptist Church, and began at once to carry on the letter already quoted, quite probably constituted the work of its original orpnization. The membership, full membership at the time of its organization. The however, by this disruption had been greatly reduced, names of the members received by baptism during and the bitter feelings engendered were slow to wear the time mentioned were John Carr, Elizabeth Carr, away. But grndually many of those who at first ad- Sarah Baccus, David Morgan, Wm. JIurphy, - liered to their former pastor, and even formed a dis- Van Meter, James McCloy, and Mary Anderson. The tinct organization under his control, began one by list of membership which follows is so il~cornplete one to return to the church ; baptisms also became with regard to dates that it is i~npossibleto follow tlic more numerous, until from a report of eighty-two progress of the church in this respect as closely as we menibers at the Association in the autumn of 1867 sllould like to do. It appears that up to July, 1773, there are now enrolled on the church record one hun- there had been received by baptism thirty-two mem- dred and ninety-three members, there having been an hers, and up to 1780 twenty-two by letter. Consider- increase by letter and baptism of twenty-four during ing, therefore, the sparwly-settlecl condition of the the prebent year. The greatest harmony now pre- country, their increase of niembership mas very fhir. vail>, both among the members themselveb and be- During-this time, howercr, there had been a number tween them and their pastor. The great burden of dismissed by letter, and also a few excommunicated, debt which since the erection of their new building

but as the dates of their dismission are not recorded had been weighing- - them down has kithiti the past we are unable to ascertain the exact membership of two years been almost removed, and once more may the church at either of the dates mentioned. Sept. her members truly exclaim, " Our membership is 24, 1791, the report of membership to tlie -issociation larger, our purses heavier, and our hearts lighter. shows a total of 40; in 1795, 49; 1800, 26; 1512, 45 God be praised for His much mercy!" (during this year nineteen mere received by baptism STXSHISF:ASD SH~~~OJ~S.--I~is the duty of the and eleven by letter). In 1817 the membership liad , historian to represent truly the subject mhich he at- again decreased to 30. Although other lists of mew tempts to describe. We shall not therefore presume bers are given at different times they are without ' to present the bright side of this church and leave con- dates, and we haw? therefore been unable to ascertain ' cealed from view the dark, for Great Bethel, like almost the exact number of enrolled names until what Jvmr 1 all other churclles, has had her shadows as well as known as the great revival in 1855. On Xov. 24, 1 sunshine, and while it may not be so pleasant a duty 1855, a series of meetings was begun by Rev. William I to write that which now lies before us, yet in doing Wood, assisted by Rev. Israel D. King, which rc- SO we hope that by thus showing the comparatively suited in upwards of ninety additions by baptism. insignificant causes, for such most of them were wliicli The following postscript, added to the minutes of Jan. led to these difficulties, the present membership may 26, 1,936, by R. H. Auscin, church clerk pro fent., es- be warned by the past to avoid similar disasters in plains the condition at that time: "The church is the future.

certainlv- - in a better state of health than it has been i The first of these difficulties occurred about the since' its infancy, our membership larger, our purses beginning of the year 1790. Some time previous the heavier, and our hearts lighter. God be praised for 1 church had called Rev. Isaac Sutton as regular minis- His much mercy in dispelling the minter of our 1 ter and Rev. David Loofborrow as an assistant. Soon church and spreading before US prospects so flatter- afterwards we find frequent accusations brought first ing." A few pages farther on, under date of May 24, against one member and then another until a con]- 1856, he makes the following entry : " Our church is plete separation occurred, one part of the church fast increasing in menibers, Christian zeal, and, we , meeting at the house of Rev. Sutton and transacting trust, holiness, our membership now being 229. May i business there as Great Bethel Church, the other God continue to build us up until called to join the ! holding their sessions on the same day at the church church triumphant is our prayer." From this time I hilding. This unhappy state of affairs continued until 1867 the church continued in a more or less until Oct. 4,1791, when aspecial meeting mas called, prosperous condition, holding, as nearly as we can "in order to form a plan by which our aggrieved ascertain, about the same total membership from year brethren might be again united with us in the bonds of to year. At the beginning of that year, however, love and Christian fellowship." This result appeared opened the darkest hour of her history. Difficulties , to have been accomplished by passing a resolution to with the pastor had occurred, which will be more 1 permit both preachers to officiate in their ministerial fully stated elsewhere, until they resulted in an open I capacity in the chnrch, for we find no further diE- disruption of the church, and compelled n large por- I culty recorded in connection with this matter. Frow

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH. 319 that time forward liarn~uny:cppe:trs to 1:arc prei-ailed with it. At kist the storm was over, and though it had until during the pastorate of Rev. William Brown- dashed the waves of coutention fiercely about her, field. About the year 1832 there arose a difficulty be- serenely from amidst the roar and tumzlt the old tween Rev. Brownfield and other ministers of the Bap- ship of the church sailed out upon the placid waters ; tist denomination. Rev. Brownfield adhered strictly and but a few years later it is with pleasure mequote to the "Old School" or Anti-Mission Baptists, while from the record at the time of the famous meetiug Rev. John Thomas, Rev. Dr. James Estep, Rev. elsewhere referred to. During its progress reference William Penny, and others who were occasionally is made to the preaching of Revs. Wood and King, invited to preach for the Great Bethel Church, were and as a result " fifty-six eternity-bound souls fol- more liberal in their views and favored missionary lowed the example of their master and elder brother, and other benevolent societies. This soon cysed a buried with him in Christian baptism, and raised, we contention among the preachers themselves, and the trust, to newness of life. Fifty-four were received members naturaliy fell in with one side or the other, into full fellowship with the church, and the work still until again a separation was bronght about. gobig on." Alas, that me must turn from this bright This contention continued and grew more serious part of tlie record to note another time of gloom. until April, 1836, when tlie party favoring the Xem Dr. John Boyd was called as pastor of the church School ministers purchased a new book for keeping March 21, 1864. For some time afterward the usual their records, and though they still permitted Rev. harmony continued, but about the close of the year Brownfield to preach in the church one-half the tinie, 1566 disputes arose from various causes between the and also allowed his adherents to hold business meet- pastor and part of the members. Though the writer ings there, nevertheless kept the minutes of their was not in any way connected mith the church at that meetings entirely distinct. Contentions then began time, having since become a member, it may be pos- to arise as to whom the church property belonged. A sible we are not sufficiently free from prejudice to im- petition by the Brownfield party and remonstrance partially state these causes ; and as the parties con- against it by the others were sent to the Legislature of nected with the church at that time are almost all still the State~, : the matter was also referred to the Red- living, lest we should do injustice to some of them we stone Association. But nothing satisfactory could be will leave that part of the church history for some one done, the breach was only widened, until in 1837 an at- who can look back with an impartial eye, and from tempt was made by tlie Brownfield party to prevent the written records recount the true cause of this trouble others from using the house by fastening the doors when thosewho participated in it shall all have passed and windows with iron bars, and posting a notice on away. This dispute continued and grew so warm that the door to the effect that should any one remove it became impossible for both factions to remain to- these fastenings and enter he would be liable to a suit gether, and those who adhered to the pastor still con- at law for trespass. Nothing daunted, the new party tinuing in the church building, the other party were at once removed the bars and entered. This entry, obliged to seek a place of worship elsewhere. For a in accordance with the notice given, resulted in a suit, short time they obtained leave from the county offi- which was tried before Judge Grler in a special court cers to use the court-house, afterward they resorted held in the year 1813, and was terminated by a ver- to what mas formerly known as the town hall, in the dict ill favor of the defendants or New School party. borough of Uniontown, and there remained until From that time there seems to have been but little their new house of worship, erected on Fayette Street, contention between them, though the Old School was sufficiently completed to afford them a place for

-party - still continued to keep a separate record and assembling. This part of the members made appli- retained Rev. Brownfield to preach for them until cation to the Monongahela Association in the fall of Oct. 31,1846, when no further record is found of their 1567, the same year of the separation, andnere recog- deliberations, and they appear to have gradually fallen nized as the regular church, as appears by the niin- in mith the other branch until they became entirely utes of the Association for that year. They at once absorbed by it, and from that time on the New upon leaving the old house discharged Dr. Boyd as School party continued as the only organization and their pastor, and soon afterward called another. They the Great Bethel Church. This split, while it hin- have since regularly continued the organization as dered greatly the spiritual progress of the church the Great Bethel Regular Baptist Church, and on the during its continuance, resulted in an entire change 17th day of March, 1881, procured by application to of the working- of the body, and evidently opened the court a charter under that name. Almost all the for them many new fieids of usefulness. From this members who at first remained with the Boyd party time there are frequent collections for mission-work have since left them and returned to this church, so of various kinds, the church-doors were thrown open that the only visible part of the trouble that for a for the privileges of Sabbath-school, and a new era of time threatened to destroy the prosperity of the progress dawned upon the whole society. Happier church is a disagreement between the church at ~irouldit have been had this result been brought about present and Dr. Boyd as to the right of property in without the contention and bitter feelings connected the old church building. In order to test this matter

320 HISTOltY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. - .. a suit was brought a sllort time sincc by the trustees mission. From this time until May 26, 1794, the of this church against Dr. lioytl, and w11en this suit church was without a pastor, when Rev. Iknjmnin sllall have bcen deternlined tlic 1:~tgreat didurbatlce Stone was called, first as a supply and afterwards as will be ended. May it be the hst, wit11 rci'erer~ceto pastor, and continued as such up to Sept. 7, 1805, the future as well as tlie past. In standing off' thur: when he mas grsnted a, letter of dismission, but w,u at a distnncc: and recounting the causes that have led recallcd on June 11, 1806, to preach once a month, to :ill the dark days of this old pioneer church, how and continued :ts pastor until 1812. In tlie mean simple they scem and llow seemingly easy might they tilue that remarkable man, William Brownfield, had have been averted. A lcarnerl judge once s:~itlin de- bcen licensctl to preach, and Feb. G, 1802, received a livering the opinion of' the court in a cl~urclicasc call to pre:~chthe second and fourth Sunday in each wltcre the dispute arose about two ministers, "In month. He thus continued until June 9, 1804, when this case some :tppear to be for Pan1 :~ndsome for 11e W:LS dismissed by letter, and we hear no more of Apollos, but none fix C!~rist." \\'it11 a11 due respect liirn until Feb. IS, 1812, when he received a call as to those members who tl1roug11 a11 these difiiculties lmstor of tl~ecl~urcli. This position he lieltl uninter- still clung to tllc good work, arid 1:~boretl and noLly ruptedly and :~loncuntil Aj~rilG, 1833, wl~eriRev. succeeded fin the cause of the Mastcr, :L review of Milt011 Sutton was invitcd to preach once a month. this history shows that it was only when the cl~urcl~011 June 1st of the same year Wm. Wood was also began to approach that condition referred to by the invitcd to preach once a month firr six months. May learned juclgc, a11d in their zeal fi)r their own c1loic.e 3, 1834, IS:I:LCWy11n was procured to pre:di once :L of men I'orgot the great objcct of tlic church, t11:tt all month, and May 2, 1835, Miltoll Sutton was re- this contention arose. qucstcd to continue 11is services. During dl this ~',w~olts.--The first referencc in any way to a pastor time, however, Rcv. Brownfield was still retained as of the cliurcli other than the letter prcviously referred the r)astor of' the cllurcl~ Soon afterwards occurred to is in the ~ninutcsof hI:~rc11 14, 1778, xs fbllo~vs: tl~csecond division, I~eforereferred to, and altl~ough " Had under consideration whetl~crRr. Jas. Sutton Rev. 13romnficld w:rs then, on -4pril 30, 1836, dis- shall take the c:tre of this cl~urcl~in place of Isaac missed by "a majority of the members present" from Sutton, to re~n:~inunder considerat,ion till another op- tl~epstorate of the cliurcli, he was still allowed to portunity." Althougl~this is nearly eight years after prcach on his usual days, the first and third Sabbaths the organizittion of the church, the records scem to of each month. This 11e continued to do until 1846, indicate that lsnac Sutton wrs the successor of Henry cscept such timcs 11s his place was supplied by other Crosby, but at what tinle the p:~stornteof the latter ~iiinisters,whom 11c frequently invited to :rssist him. closed and that of the fi~rnlcrbcg:tn we arc unable to Almongtllesc were Itevs. Frey, Avery, &IcClclland, ascertain. May 16, 1778, a reference is madc to Jas. Wllitlock, and others. On the 24th of December, Sutton again as fi)llons: "T11:tt Bro. Jas. Sutton take 1S36, the other branch of t11c church calleci Elder the oversight of this churc11-a full conclusion re- James Seymour to preach once a month, and fi-om ferrrd till our next meeting." Kotl~ingmore is said this time until the end of Rev. Brownfield's labors, if of a pastor in any w:~yuntil Sept. 18, 1784, when it the church did not succeed it certainly was not from was "Resolved tl~atHro. Jas Sutton shall act in every lack of pre:~cl~ers. June 24, 1837, Elder Milton Snt- respect as an :~ssistant to ISro. Isaac Sutton." Dec. ton c:llled once :L month for one year, in connection 18, 1784, J:~nlcs Sutton and wife were tlisll~issedby with Ilcv. Scyn~our. Feb. 24, 1836, Rev. John letter from the chnrcl~,and the nest rcfiwncc to the Thon~asc:~llcd to pre:tch once a month. June, 1838, pastor is in the minutes of June YO, 1780, when a Eldcr Wrn. Wood called olxe a month, and con- resolution was passed that 'LIsaac Sutton, Seu., tinued as p;lstor until April, 1841. Dec. 38, 1838, should stand minister in this church :is usu:rl," and Rev. 1s:lac. Wynn was called to supply the place of also callcd Wm. Lovebcrry as all assistant, to preach Rev. Thonias, wlio llacl been employed by the I'enn- oncc :L month for one ye:tr. It appears also tlwt iy1v:tnia Missionary Society. Rev. Wynn continued David Loofborrow lrad been called as :in assistant in connection with Rev. Itrood until 1841, when Elder near the same time. Soii~emorltlrs after this occurrcd E. M. Miles was called as pastor, to prcacll tn''~ce a the difficulty previously ~nentioned,when Isaac Sutton n~onth,:~nd who continued his labors with the church resigned, W:u-cli 21, 1790, but w:rs recalled by one .~ntilSeptember, 1849. October 29111 of tl~cs:tme year branch of tlle church on the 1Stl1 of September fol- [lev. Isaac Wynn was :~g:tin cballetl :IS a supply, but lowing, :rnd continuetl wit11 this ~mrtof thc ellurch, ~f'terw:~rdsrek~incd as pastor, pre:tcl~ing ol~c-li:~lfIris while Rev. Loofborrow rcm:rined with the other ;imc until April 1, 1854, with the following cxcep- branch, until Oct. 5, 1793, wlien tllc two branches ;ions: Dr. Ja~r~csEstep, pastor for six montlls fro111 were united, and htli cnllcd to officixtc :IS ~ninist~ers. April, 1844: Dr. \Villiam Penny, from Dec. 26, 1846, Sutton, howevcr, was gr:mted a lctter of dismission ,o April 1, 1848; S. H. Ituple, one year from April on tlie 21st of tl~csame month, :ind left the sole con- 26, 1851 ; and Rev. Milton Sutton, for one ycnr from trol to IJoot'borrow, who continued as pistor until Qpril 23, 1852. From the time of his resign:ltion as Oct. 6, 1793, whcn he too granted a lctter of dis- )astor, Rev. Wynn was kept as a supply until June

UXIOIUTOWN BOROUGH. 331

------. -- -- - .- .------24, 1835, wlien Rev. \Vm. Wood was called as a sup- Philip Pierce, May 17, 1779, on trial ; ordained ply, to preach OnCE a month. 011 Jan. 24, 1855, Rev. May 19, 1781. Israel D. King was called as pastor ofthe church, and I6illiani Wells, Jan. 20, 1582. continued as such until Xarch 1.1860. On the 8th i Thomas Gaddis, Feb. 14, 1784. of December following, Rev. B. P. Ferguson was Moats Carr, Jan. 19, 1790. called to the pastorate of the church, which place he Robert Jackway, Jan: 15,1791. retained until Sept. 12, 1863. Dr. John Boyd mas -Ker, Oct. 18, 1794. called as pastor Marcli 21, 1864, and continued until David Conger, April 5, 1800. March 2, 1867. Rev. C. E. Barto was: next called, John Gaddis, Marcli 9, 1805. Jan. 19, 1868, and continued until April 1, 1852. Simon Gard, March 9, 1805. Rev. W. W. Hickman entered as pastor in May, 1872, Isaac Minor, May 1, 1812. and remained until April 1, 1878. From that time William Vance, Kov. 4, 1815. until June 6, 1879, the church was without a pastor, Moses Nison, May 4, 1822. wlien ltev. F. 13. Ln 13;irrer assnmed the duties as John Troutman, May 4, 1822. such, and still continues in that position, July 1, 1581. William 13ryson, July 6, 1833. I'rm,wirsns Lrc~msm.--The following list shows Isaac l-lutcl~inson,April 1, 1887. the licenscs granted to young men by this church, Squire Ayers, Dec. 24, 1842. permitting them to cntcr the ministry: A. 13. Bryson, Narch, 1851. 1s:~~Sutton, Nov. 8, 1770. Elijali Jennings, March, 1851. Joseph Uarnet, March I!), 1773 ; ordained June, George A. Shallcnberger, Jan. 27, 1856. 1775. George W. Foulk, Jan. 19, 1868. Isaac Norris, May 21, 1775. William Swearingen, Jan. 19, 1868. . John Wade Lovebery, Sept. 20, 1783. Craaford Vance, Aug. 22, 1868. John Hopwood, Aug. 20, 1791. Porter Craig. -Sreve, Nov. 19, 1792. John Collins. Williani Brownfield, April 6, 1799; ordained Dec. James Nabor, dpril 24, 1875. 19, 1800. K. C. Diffenderlfer, Feb. 22, 1879. Nilton Sutton, July 6,1833; ordained May 4,1834. Robert Bry ner. Isaac Wynn, July 6, 1833. ASSOCIATI~SS.--The Redstone Association, accord- Richard H. Austin, June 23, 1856; ordained Sept. ing to Benedict's " History of the Baptists," wns or- 27: 1857. ganized in 1776. In 1777 Great Bethel Church sent Joseph Collins, Feb. 26, 1859. the following messengers to that body, viz.: Isaac John Ratt, Jan. 19, 1868. Sutton, James Sutton, and Philip Jenkins. Owing LIST OF CJ,ERKH.--IS~~CMorris, appointed July "to t.he difficulty of the times," it did not suit to hold 15, 1775. the Association that year at Muddy Creek, and it was Philip Jenkins, appointed Nov. 19, 1776. agreed that it should be held at the house of Isaac Noses Sutton, appointed Oct. 16, 1784. Sutton. It is obvious from this that Great Bethel was Isaac Sutton, Jr., appointed Sept. 15, 1787. one of the original members of the Redstone Associ- John Hopwood, appointed Feb. 19, 1791. ation, with which it continued until 1836, and the Anthony Swain, appointed Oct. 18, 1794. branch which still clung to ltev. Wm. Brownfield John Ayers, appointed Sept. 8, 1804. continued to send delegates until 1846, when Wm. Simon (fard, appointed Aug. 12, 1809. Brownfield, I. Hutchinson, and S. Davis were sent to C'harlc.~King, appointed March 28, 1812. Indian Creek Cliurch, where it met that year. The Samuel Little, appointed Aug. 1, 1818. other branch of the church soon after their separation William Bryson, appointed May, 1830. sent messengers to the Pittsburgh Association, and Hamilton Abraham (0.S.), appointed Jan. 2,1836. were admitted to that body, of which the church re- William Bryson (N. S.), appointed April 30, 1836. mained a member until 1866. On the 26th of April, George A. Phallenberger, appointed May 21, 1853. 1856, a letter was sent to the Pittsburgh Association F. L. Hatfield, appointed March 22, 1856. I requesting dismission from them, with a view of unit- Isaac W. Bryson, appointed Aug. 22, 1856. ing with the Monongahela Association. Their request Samuel Hatfield, Jr., appointed Sept. 26, 1857. was granted, and the same year, on applying to the C. G. Turner, appointed Jan. 22, i859. I Monongithela Association for admission, they were It. Porter Craig, appointed Dec. 8, 1860. ) received into that body, with which they still con-

Joseph Hayden, appointed Dec. 24, 1865. 1 tinue. Amos Bowlby, appointed Jan. 25, 1873. Snss~~~-S~~root.-Thefirst Sunday-school in con- S. W. Carter, appointed Map 24, 1873. nection with this cllurcll was organized in July, 1846, D. M. Hertzog, appointed Sept.. 17, 1879. I on motion of Rev. Isaac Wynn. It has been main- LIST 01.' Dl.:~coxs.--Elijah Ihrclay, June 8,1776, tained as an org:~nization ever since. At first, for a

on trial ; ordained May 19, 1781. I few years, it was conducted only during the winter

323 HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

- ---PA--- season, but since then it has been maintained regu- is probable that Bishop Asbury came to Uniontown larly throughout the year. At present it is under the with the new preachers, as he writes that he exhorted superintendency of D. 31. Hertzog, and numbers in in ~eesontownJuly 19,1785. He also preached, July full nearly one hundred and fifty members, with nine 1 and 2, 1786, in the new meetinghouse in Beeson- teachers. town. He says, "We had a feeling, gracious season ; Cosc~us~os.--Wehave now attempted to record the Sacrament was, I trust, attended with a blessing." briefly the principal events in the history of this re- On July 20th, same year, he writes that he preached markable church. Much that is interesting has no to a congregation of six hundred persons in Beeson- d ~ubtbeen omitted, but enough is given to mark the town during court. July 30th he writes that he was course along which she has passed. Dating her esist- at the Widow Murphy's. It is not known exactly ence back to a time when the great Conlmonwealth of when the first meeting-house was erected, but as As- Pennsylvania mas a feeble province of the mother- bury preached in it July 1,1786, it is probable that it country, she has witnessed the birth. growth, and un- was built in 1785. The deed for the lots on which it precedented prosperity of a mighty nation. Some- mas built on Peter Street was not made, however, times disturbed by national or State convulsions from until Aug. 6,1791, and was made in the names of David without, and occasional contentions within, her course Jennings, Jacob Murphy, Samuel Stephens, Jonathan 11s not alKays been smooth as that of church brother- Rowland, and Peter Eook, trustees of the Methodist hood should be, yet upon the whole her members Episcopal Church in Uniontown. have reason to rejoice that they belong to a body The first church or meeting-house was built of logs, which, by the grace of God, has been permitted to do thirty-five by seventy feet, including the school-room so much for the cause of the Master, and especially at the west end. It stood on what is now the grave- to see the harmony that now prevails in all her parts, yard, near the line of the Second Church lot, fronting and the glorious opportunity at present offered for the on Peter Street and flush with the street. There was successful advancement of that great work. May a hall separating the school-room and the meeting- peace continue within her walls and prosperity within house, and a stairway in the hall leading to a room her palaces ! over the school-room. There were doors in the hall to METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH IN UNIOXT0FTN.I leading the school-room on the left and into the meeting-house on the right. At the session of Conference held in Baltimore May Bishop Asbury commenced the annual session of 28, 1784, Redstone Circuit was formed, which included Conference at Uniontown, in the meeting-house, Bug. all of Pennsylvania west of the Allegheny Mountains. 22, 1788. There were in attendance seven regular John Cooper and Samuel Breeze were appointed to preachers and five others " on trial." Owing to some this circuit. They came to Uniontown, probably in inconvenience and at the invitation of Mrs. Ann June, as Bishop Asbury preached in Uniontown July Murphy, Bishop Asbury changed the place of meet- 7,1784, to a congregation of seven hundred persons, ing to her house, which stood opposite the present and it is probable that Cooper and Breeze came with him. But the peculiar polity of Methodism in working residence of Henry Gaddis. Mrs. Murphy not only furnished a place for the meetings of Conference but the laymen as local preachers and exhorters had fore- stalled the appearance of the regular circuit preach- entertained the whole body, including the bishop. During the session of this Conference Michael Leard ers, who found in the vicinity of Uniontown Robert mas ordained. He was the first Nethodist preacher Wooster, a local preacher from England. Wooster, according to the best authority attainable, came to ordained west of the mountains. Mrs. Ann Murphy was one of the original members of the church in America about the pear 1771, and commenced preaching in the neighborhood of Uniontown about 1780. Uniontown, and often entertained Asbury and his Many traditions have been handed down in Meth- traveling companions, who always made it a point to odist families concerning Wooster and his work, from stop with "Mother Murphy" when their journeys which it is thought to be more than probable that west and south brought them into the neighborhood. he organized classes at several points in and around She came from Maryland during the Revolutionary Uniontown. The early records of the society at Union- war (the exact date is not known), and bought what is now the county farm and the Gaddis place, where town were not preserved, so that a correct list of the persons forming the first class or society cannot be she lived at the time of Conference in 1788. In Mary- land she owned a tobacco plantation between Balti- furnished, although many of them are known. The oldest record now in the possession of the church is a more and Harper's Ferry, and having several chil- treasurer's book opened in 1807. dren, she (at their solicitation) sold out and moved Cooper and Breeze remained on Redstone Circuit west to Uniontown. The year before her son, Eli but one year, under the custom of annual changes Murphy, made a preliminary visit to the neighborhood which was then the rule. They mere followed in 1785 of Uniontown. He was murdered, it was supposed, for by Peter Moriarity, John Fittler, and Wilson Lee. It his money. His traveling companion charged his death to the Indians, while the settlers, although not 1 BY Dr. J. E. Moffitt, of Uniontown. 1 entertaining a very high opinion of -the red men,

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH. 323 seemed inclined to exonerate them from the charge. The lot on ivhich the school-house stood (joining Mrs. Murphy was accompanied by all her children, the graveyard lots on the west) n-as transferred to the except a married daughter, who remained in Mary- trustees of the church in 1794; from this fact, and land. She brought a considerable sum of money with also that the school was established in 1792, it is con- her, and after buying the home-farm and the farm at cluded that the school-room was added to the church Mount Braddocl; for Jacob, she had for those days a building several years after the latter was built, prob- large surplus, but as it was in Continental notes it became worth- less at the close of the war. Jacob Murphy married a daughter of Col. Meason, and in 2731 his name appears as one of the original trustees. Ann Murphy (the daughter) married Samuel Stephens, who was also one of the original trustees. They were the parents of Mrs. Priscilla Austin, and lived on their farm near Upper Middle- FIRST METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH, UNIOXTOWN. town. Sallie Murphy married a Mr. Banning, and moved to Ohio. Rachel ably in 1791: Rev. C. Conway remained on the dis- Murphy married Rev. Robe*, a minister in the trict until 1796, and probably continued as manager Methodist Episcopal Church, and also moved to Ohio. of the school to that date, but in 1795 Conference Nacca Murphy, the youngest, married James Gregg. appointed John K. Reynolds, a traveling preacher, They were the grandparents of Dr. William and Miss classical teacher. Rev. Wm. Wilson taught the Eng- 3%.E. Sturgeon. Mrs. Murphy brought a number of lish branches. The sessions of Conference of I794 her slaves with her, and among them a ~Aineanegro and 1796 mere held in Uniontown. In 1808 the named Nero, of whom many laughable anecdotes are meeting-house mas weatherboarded and otherwise related. Nero conceived a great dislike to the raw improved. In 1809, Thomas Daughaday was preacher edges of pioneer life in the West, and mourned over in charge of the circuit. He died at his residence on the flesh-pots of Maryland, refusing in the bitterness , Mogantown Street, where the third church now of his anguish to attend family worship. Bishop As- stands, on the 12th of October, 1810. He was but burpon one occasion persuaded Nero to attend family thirty-three years of age. His wife mas a daughter worship. He reluctantly consented, but during the of Peter Hook, one of the original trustees. She singing, reading, and praying he became so demon- died in Westmoreland County. strative in his happiness as to break down his chair and Mrs. Ann Sfurphy died Sept. 10, 1814, in the log fall to the floor shouting,-a little too happy for the house on South Street where Mr. N. Greenland now occasion,-so that the good bishop never again asked lives. Her descendants in Fayette County are quite Kero to attend family worship. Bishop Asbury and numerous, but few of them remain in the Methodist Richard Whatcoat preached a sermon each during the Church. Peter Hook, one of the original trustees, session of the Conference of 1788, and Conference ad- died March 12,1818, aged sisty-five years. He was journed on the 25th of August. Asbury was again in the grandfather of Mr. P. H. Hellen. In 1820 the Uniontown July 25,1789. Conference held its annual society at Uniontown was separated from the circuit, session in Uniontown in 1790, commencing July 28th, and with Bromnsville formed a station under the pa-

Wednesday, and continued over Sunday. Three elders l torate of Dennis H. Battie. The school established and four deacons were ordained by Asbury at this Con- by Conference in 1792 must hare closed its history ference. In 1792, June Zd, Conference again met in somewhere about 1800. It was followed by select Uniontown, and Asbury writes in his journal, date June schools down to 1819, Patrick Talbot being the last -- loth: " We hare founded a seminary of learning, Tonthe 6th of .411gnj+,'l791,Jacob Breson sold to David Jennings, called Union School. Brother C. Conway is manager, ~~~~b xurphy, Samuel Stephens, Jonathan Rowland, and Peter Hook, trnstees of the Xetliodist Episcopal Church, lots ROB.27 and 28, in con- r~hoalsohas charreu of the District. The EstabIishment is designed for instruction in G~~~~~~,sciences, and sideration of five shillings. These lots were located in Jacob's Addi- tion, on the north side of Peter Street. The Hethodist Church W8.s languages." This was located in the ~,uilf.- utmn them. and the old burial-ground was in use from an earlier room in the west end of the church on Peter Street." clny. :a'is s~iorvn'~,~ttw fict tlmt one itom in it l~earsthe date of 1790.

HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

teacher. In 1820 the partitions between the meeting- Kentucky State College, and died in 1850 a bishop house and the school-room were taken out and the of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. In 1827, whole thrown into one room, and the gallery extended Dr. Charles Elliott followed Bascom as preacher in around the west end. After this the old hall entrance charge, and also taught the languages in Madison was used exclusively by the females, who were still College. He remained two years, and was followed further separated from the male portion of the con- in 1829 by Thornton Fleming, who remained one gregation by a balustrade something higher than the year. backs of the seats, running from the south side for- In 1830 Conference held its session in Uniontown, ward to the aisle in front of the altar. The pulpit and Charles Cooke was appointed to the station. was in the centre of the north side, and had over it. Jonathan Rowland, one of the original trustees, died a sounding-board about five feet in diameter. The Sept. 22, 1830, in the seventy-seventh year of his age. choir, usually very large, occupied the south gallery, In 1832, under the pastorate of Charles Cooke, the the colored people the east, and the whites the west Second Methodist Episcopal Church was commenced, gallery. U niontown continued with Bromnsville as a and finished in 1833, under the pastorate of George half-station until 1824, when the appointment was S. Holmes. It was built of brick on a triangular lot made a station, and James G. Sansom appointed the adjoining the graveyard on the west. Daniel B. Mc- first ftation preacher. From 1784 to 1824, when Carty, George W. Rutter, and Benjamin Hellen com- Uniontown was made a station, fifty-eight preachers posed the building committee. Under the direction were appointed to this charge. Never less than t,wo, of this committee Edward Hyde, bricklayer, Edward and sometilnes three preachers were on the circuit Jones, stone-mason, and Gabriel Getzindiner, cwpen- at one time. James G. Sansom remained but one ter, built the church. The church mas dedicated by year, and was followed in 1826 by David Sharp, who Charles Cooke (former pastor), and cost about $3500. in turn was followed by Henry B. Bascom in 1826. In 1837, March SSth, Daniel Limerick, preacher in Bascom was a preacher of national reputation. Many charge, died, and was buried in the graveyard. From of the older citizens remember his eloquent and stir- February, 1837, until Conference met in July the ring sermons. He was a man of fine personal appear- pulpit was filled by John White, preacher in charge ance, with a brilliant mind of poetical rather than logi- of Redstone Circuit, under the direction of the pre- cal cast. Bascom remained bnt one year, and in 1827 siding elder. From this date to the present time the was appointed president of Madison College. The his- records of the church are well preserved, and as full tory of Madison College while under the patronage of and complete as could be expected under the circum- the Methodist Episcopal Church is rather obscure. Af- stances. ter the formation of the Pittsburgh Conference, and at The usual fluctuations incident to the history of all its firstsession, aresolution waspresented by AsaShinn congregations have had their place in the Methodist, and seconded by Thornton Fleming and adopted, Church in Uniontown, but nothing transpired de- viz. : ''That the Conference establish a seminary of serving special mention in a sketch like this except- learning within its bounds, and a missionary be aping the revival of 184748, under the pastorate of S. E. pointed to ascertain the probable amount of money Babcock, when one hundred and eighty-seven persons needed." Henry B. Bascom reported at the session joined the church, and the building of the Third of 1826, and the Conference accepted the report, and Methodist Episcopal Church on Morgantown Street. " Resolved, Ist, That the institution be located at The contract for building the Third Church was Uniontown, Pa. ; 2d, That a superintending commit- signed by Messrs. Fuller, Laughead, Bailey & Co., tee of nice be appointed, five of whom shall be travel- Jnly 24,1877, and the church was dedicated by Bishop ing preachers, to determine where to erect buildings Simpson June 2,1878. The lots on which the church and to employ teachers if practicable." The corn- stands cost $2500. The building and furnishing committee was appointed as follows : Revs. H. B. Bascom, plete cost $12,800. The last payment on the debt was John Waterman, Asa Shinn, Charles Cooke, and paid Feb. 7, 1880. Thornton Fleming, and Messrs. Charles Avery, of Ninety-two preachers have served the Methodist Pittsburgh, John M. Austin, Thomas Erwin, and Episcopal Church in Uniontown since 1784, the date Henry Ebbert, of Tiniontown. There had been an of the organization of the church, down to the present academy in Uniontomn, established in 1808, the trus- year (18S1). Thirty-four of these were stationed tees of which gave the buildings for coilege purposes, preachers since 1524, when the appointment first be- and the college was opened under the presidency of came a station. The names of the stationed preach- H. B. Bascom in 1827. J. H. Fielding was Professor ers and dates of service are as follows : of Mathematics, and Charles E!lliott Professor of James G. Sansom, 1824. H. J. Clark, 1831. Languages. Bascom resigned in 1829, and J. H. Field- David Sharp, 1825. Geo. S. Holmes, 1833-34. ing was appointed president, and H. J. Clark pro- H. B. Bascom, 1826. T. M. Hudson, 1835. fessor. In 1832 Madison College- closed on account of ! Charles Elliott, 1827-28. Daniel Limerick, 1836. the Conferenceaccepting Allegheny College, at Mead- Thornton Fleming,-. 1829. I. N. McAbee, 1837. ville, Pa. Bascom in after-years became president of . Charles Cooke, 1830-33. W. Smith, 1838-39.

UNIONTOWN* BOROUGH. 325

- a B. I?. Sawhill, 1810. E. B. Grign, 1859-60. ' David Hess (dbceased), L. R. Beacom, and G. T. Rey- C. D. Battell, 1811-42. A. L. Petty, 1861. nolds, of the Pittsburgh Conference, Henry Wilson, A. Young, 1843. H. Sinsebaugh, 1562. of the Illinois Conference, and C. 31. Coburn, of the William Cox, 184445. H. L. Chapman, 1563-GS. Erie Conference. The number of members now con- E. Birkett, 1846. J. Mancell, 1866. / nected with the church is two hundred and twenty- S. E. Babcock, 154748. C. W. Smith, 1867-69. six, which is about the average number for the past Frank Moore, 1549-50. A. B. Castle, 1870-72. fifti years. Jos. Montgomery, 1851. John J. Moffitt, 1873-75. Perhaps there is no other point west of the moun- I. C. Pershing, 185243. S. W. Davis, 1576 (two tains where the associations and memories of Meth- A. G. Williams, 1854. Conference years in this odism concentrateas at Uniont,own. The early plaut- John Grant, 185546. year) to 1877. ing of Methodism, its well-sustained efforts in behalf John Williams, 1857-58. R. T. Miller, 1878-50. of liberal education, the prominent position held by A long list of' excellent men have served the church the dellomination in its earlier days, and the great and as local preachers, trustees, stewards, leaders, and Sun- good men who have been connected with the appoint- day-school superintendents. Among them may be ment have conspired to make Uniontown an histori- - mentioned (as space precludes mention of all) John cal centre in Western Methodism. Viewed from the Phillips, John Hibben, William RIcClelland, Xorris era of the sturdy and heroic itinerant, who, clad in Covert, John M. Austin, George Griffith, Henry Eb- homespun and equipped with saddle-bags, battled for bert, Robert Kincaid, Noble McCormick, Rice G. the gospel of peace, or contemplated in the mellow Hopmood, ~amesEbbert, Gabriel Getzendiner, A. L. light radiating from the memories of the mothers in Little, R. L. Barry, Robert Boyle, Richard Miller, P. Nethodism, the promise of the present and the future H. Hellen, Z. Ludington, Daniel Sturgeon, D. Hess, of Methodism in Unionton-a is not so bright as that John F. Beazel, E. G. Roddy, James T. Redburn, of the past. John W. Barr, W. A. Donaldson, Henry Wilson, G. PBESBYTERIAK CHURCH OF UKIOSTOWN.1 W. Rutter, etc. The present official board is composed of the following: Alfred Newlon, local elder and It is quite certain that Uniontown was occupied by trustee ; T. F. Farmer, local deacon ; William Wilson, Presbyterian ministers as a place for preaching the G. Crossland, John Sembower, William Craig, and gospel a century ago. This is inferred because there Henry McClay, trustees and stewards ; Thomas Ja- were Presbyterian churches in this county with the quett, Lewis Dawson, and William B. McCormick, regular ministrations of the Word as early as 1774. trustees; A. S. Craig, William Sembower, and J. E. We have authority for the statement that in 1776 Moffitt, stewards, the last named being recording Uniontown was included in the bounds of the Dunlap's steward. As far back as the records of the church Creek Church. When ministers were so near they ire preserved there are accounts of the Sunday-school, would not neglect this point. But we have no re- but nothing is known of the date of original organiza- corded nor verbal information in regard to the for- tion. The whole number enrolled in the Sanday- mative period of our history until near the beginning school is about two hundred, the average attend- of the present century. The first statement to be ance one hundred and forty-seven. There are twenty found anywhere is in the minutes of the Redstone teachers, including those of the boys' and the girls' in- Presbytery. The following extract gives the first fant classes. J. E. Moffitt is superintendent ; H. Mc- reference in these minutes to this church : Clay, assistant superintendent ; H. F. Detwiler, secre- "At the meeting of the Presbytery at Georges tary ; and Juliet Wilson, treasurer. There is another Creek, Oct. 11, 1799, application for supplies was organization connected with the church that deLcerves made by the vacant congregation of Uniontown. special mention : the Ladies' and Pastor's Christian Rev. James Powers was appointed for one Sabbath, Union, organized by the pastor, Rev. S. W. Davis, in and Rev. Samuel Porter for another," both eminent 1877. The society is designed to aid the pastor in his ministers. work, and to assist the trustees in providing for the During the following twelve years, application mas ordinary and extra expenses of the church and its made at irregular intervals for supplies, which were furniture. The society paid over fifteen hundred appointed. About 1812, Dr. James Dunlap, a man of dollars on the cost of building and furnishing the new considerable ability, ex-president of Jefferson College, church, and is still actively engaged in providing for came here and remained about two years. Helived in the incidental expenses. The pastor is president ; a small log house on the lot immediately to the east Miss Juliet Wilson, vice-president ; Mrs. Neil Clag- of the court-house. He was principal of an academy gett, treasurer; and Miss Lou Reynolds, secretary. which was conducted in the Madison College bnild- Regular weekly meetings are held on Tuesday ing. The only person now (1876) living who was a evenings. pupil of Dr. Dunlap at that time is Xr. 5acob B. The hlethodist Episcopal Church in Uniontown has Miller, a citizen of this town. During his residence ------.------furnished quite a number of ministers for the active 1 Chiefly obtained from a history of the church prepred by the Bev. work of the church. Among others may be mentioned S. S. Gilson in 1876, and published by request of the congreg:~tion.

HISTOKY OF E'AYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

liere Dr. Dunlap. .preached occasio~tallyin tlie old 1 until near the close of his pastorate. His physical court-l~ouse. 111 1816 he weut to reside with his son, I appe:rr:rnce w:is ilnposittg. I-Ie wits a tiill and slender Rev. William Ihinlap, in Abiugdon, near Philadel- : nl:in, over six feet high. He was pleasant in conver- pliia, whcre he reniaincd until liis death, wl~iclioc- , sation. He entered the pulpit with great solemnity, curred Xov. 22, 1818. in the seventy-fifth year of liis and was regarded in 11is day as a very popular and age. 1'1) to 1817 the pre:rclting was very irregular. l)owerful preacher. He was scarcl~ingand faithful in The Rev. Wi1li:rln T. Wylie, a native of Washing- , his style, bold and pointed in the der~u~~ciationof sin. ton County, came here in 1817, from the churcl~esof lie spoke without notes. He preaclled in the old Itehoboth and Round Hill, :rnd beg:in pre:tcl~ing to court-house. this church, to its great satishction. He is properly In 1827 n call was again made out for his pastoral regarded as the first pastor. 1Ic came upon tlie services, a very unusual thing in the l~istoryof any s~>ecialinvitation of Jot111Lyon, ;in cnlinent lawyer, congregation, and the only c:w of the kind in the John Kennedy, :rfterwards judge, and Jol~nMiller, :t history of this, but Mr. Wylie declined. citizen of influence. Blr. Wylie 1:tbored here :IS stated In 1830-21 he erected tlie house now occupied by supply two years, and was then forrni~llycalled by the I Dr. Daniel Sturgeon, at the ~~ortl~eastcorner of Main conareration.- - i Street and Mill Alley. The fbllowing information in From the records of the meeting of the l'resbytery / regard to tlie subsequent history of Mr. Wylic is fur- held :it Long Run, April 21, 1819, tl~isextract is nislled by Ja~nesVeech, Ih;. made : " A c:t11 IVLS presented fi-om tl~ccongreg;rtion of 1:rorn Lniontowt~Xr. Wylie went to Wheeling, Tiniontown for the rninistcrial labors of the Rev. Wil- thence in 1832 to Newrrk, Ohio, in lk51 to Port Gib- limn Wylie, in which they prornise hinl the sum of son, Miss., wllcre he ~narriedhis second wife. He $1000 in regular quarterly payments during tile con- , returned to Wheeling in 1855, and died there May tir~uanceof his pastoral rel:rtion with thenl. This call 9, 1558, nearly eighty-two years of age. His first wife was 1mt into his hands alld 11e declared llis accept- , wits a daughter of Rev. David Smith, his predecessor ance, and the Rev. Messrs. Francis Herron, Robert , at ltehoboth and Round Hill. She was a sister of Johnson, James Guthrie, and William Johnson were I Rev. Joseph Smith, author of "Old Redstone," and appointed to meet in Uniontown on the first Tuesday was the child born under the circumstances related of May, 1819, at two o'clock P.M., to install the Rev. on page S7 of that book. She was a good woman, William Wylie in che said congregation." The un- and dcserves to be remembered as the mother of the usu:~llylarge salary is worthy of note. It is believed 8abb:itli-school of this church. The only person now to hiive been one of the largest pxid to a minister of : liviug who united with the church under Mr. Wylie

the gosj'el anywhere in the United States :rt that time, I is Mrs. Sarah Dawson, of Brownsville, then Mrs. and it is explained by the Fact that then many Inen , S:di Bryson, t~2eXiss Sarah Huston. of wealtli residcd here, who identified themselves , For u. period of five years after the departure of with this congregation. The explicit instruction of' : Mr. Wylic this cl~urchwas supplied by the Presby- the Presbytery was carried out, for at the meeting-, at ; tery. It was during this interval that Dr. A. G. Fair- lCIount Pleasant "The committee appointed to inst:tll child seems to hare preirched here very frequently. Rev. William Wylie in the congregation of Union- , - town reported they had clone. their tluty." In 1827 the Rev. John Holmes Agnew was called Mr. Wylie continued 11is~ninisteri:rl labors in this to take cl~argeof this church, and was installed Jan. cl~urclluntil October, 1623, with varied expcriel~ce., 26, 1828, by the Presbytery, which met here for that At Long Run, wllere thc call liad been presented, in purpose. His salary mas $400 per annum. Mr. Ag- 1822, "Mr. Wylie 1)rekentcd :i request from the trus- new was tlie son of a protninent physician in Harriu- tees of the Uniontown congregation, stating that in burg, a graduate of Dickinson College, and a licen- consequence of the peculiar embarrass~nentsof the tiate of the Presbytery of Carlisle. He was :I small times, and the rcmoval nnd contemplated retnov;ll of' a rnnn with a weak voice, a fine scliolar and writer, number of their most efficient sul)scribers,the congre- i and read his discourses. He was a good pastor, ac- gation were unable to engage to Mr. Wylie more than 1 cording to the testimony of those now living who 8300 a year fin one-half of his niinisterial services, and 1 remember him, and as the session:il records indicate. tl~iitthey were re1uct:~ntlyconstrained to desire the ; Towxrds the close of his labors here 11e 1i:lrdly came Presbytery to release tliem from their fbrmer cngage- LI~to the st:rndartl of ortliotlosy of that 'day, cspe- lnents to Mr. Wylie, :rnd the Rev. Willian~\Yylie ci:rlly bccausc he was tl~oug-ht to make salvation agreeing with the request, it was gr:rnted." From tlepcnd too largely on the human will. At the time this time until his resignation he also preached occa- of the disruption, in 1838, Mr. Agnew united with sionally at Wheeling. Mr. Wplie rcsigned his charge tllc Sew Scliool branch of the cl~urch. here in (ktober, 1823, itnd was dis~nisscdto the l'rcu- Mr. Agncw resigned here in 1831, chiefly on account bytery of Washington. ol' ill health, and at once accepted the chair of Lan- Mr. Wylic's pastoral services here seem to hare been guages in Washington College, and was dismised to quite efficient. The growth of the church was steididg the I'rcsbytery of Washington. Subsequently hc was

------.- - -. .------a professor for a short time in Michigan University ; difficult for many of the people to understand him. conducted a Ladies' Seminary at Pittsfield, MI~.Y~.;He read liis sermons from phonographic notes. Dr. becilme editor of tlie Iklcctic Jficyrcziue in New York; Ferrier resigned his c11:lrge here Aug. ti, 1844, and also taught in a female seniinary near Cincinnati, crossed to tlie Scotch Church in Canada, and of his and died several years since at his home on the Hud- subsequent history we have no information. son River. During his residence in Uniontown lie married Miss Taylor, of Brooklyn. She was an In 1845, on the 26th of June, the Rev. Grifith estimable lady, earnestly desiring to aid lier husband Owen was installed here on a salary of 8500. He in his work. was a zealous, whole-souled, off-hand Welshman, a good pastor, and a very good preacher whenever he In 1831 began the longest pastorate of this liistory, applied himself. Hc was noted for his itinerancy, that of Bev. Joel Stoneroad. Arlotller peculiarity of both in preaching and visiting from house to house. his p:\~torate is that it followcd immediately upon He resigned here Xov. 11,1847, being called to the that of Mr. Agnew, wit!~out tlie interniissio~iof a Third Presbyterian Church of Bdti~nore,thence re- single Sabbatll. Nr. Stoncroitd was ordained and moving to l'liiladelphia, where, after laboring a few installed here Dec. 14, 1831, by the Presbytery, on a years, lie died. salary of $300, in regard to which sum he says, " Al- though it now appc:irs small, it is to be remembered The 12ev. Moses Allen Willian~swas installed pas- :ill other things were in proporlion." tor of this church Xov. 20, 1849, on a salary of $500. Mr. Stoneroad was born Jan. 2, 1806, in MiWin He 1:lbored here as stated supply from February until County; graduated at Jctf'erson College in 1827, and this date. at Princeton Seminary in 1830. He labored as a He was the son of a ruling elder in the Mingo con- doniestic missionary for some months at Morgan- gregation, and w:u born Sept. 20,1811. He was partly town, and without his own solicitation or expectation educated for the ministry by the donation of a sum of was invited to preach as a candidate here. Unwilling money for this purpose by the great-grandmother of to violate his engagements with the board, the propo- one of the present members of this church. He is sition was made and accepted to preach here every the brother of Dr. Aaron Williams, a well-known a!ternate Sabbath. After being substantially on trial minister, now living near the city of Pittsburgh. He for six months, a, unaninlous call was made out for resigned his charge here in 1852. his en~iretime here. Mr. Williams tv:s a godly man and an excellent Mr. Stoneroad's labors within these bounds were pastor, but only a moderate preacher. He wrote all singularly blessed, and his pastorate of ten and a half his sermons out at length and read closely, claiming years was marked by an average admission, on exam- it was impossible for him to speak without notfs, or ination, of twelve persons a year. He resigned this even co~nnlithis discourses. The following informa- charge April 14, 1842, because of the impression that tion is condensed from a letter received in October, he could be more useful elscwliere. He went from 1876, from Mr. Williams, who was then preaching at here to tlie Cross-Roads Churcli iu Washington Jacksonville, Oregon : County, and after a sojourn of eight years there was "After leaving Uniontown I went to South Amer- callcd to the churches of Laurel Hill and Tyrone. In ica, and lived three years in Valparaiso, Chili. 1 left 1861 this charge was divided, and Mr. Stoneroad took Valparaiso in the fbll of 1856, arriving in San Fran- tlie church of Laurel Hill alone, where he still labors cisco after a dclightful voyage of forty-two days. In with a zeal and encrgy beyond his strength. While December I crossed Washington Territory by a trail in Uniontown he was regarded as an orthodos through dense foreshq until I arrived at Cowlitz preacher, aud was a diligent pastor, and he deserves, Landing, at the head of navigation on the Cowlitz as we believe he has, the esteem of this church "for River. In the spring of 1857 I was enpagcd by the his work's sake." Revs. Wylie, Agnew, and Stone- secretaries of the board to csplore for the cause of road all went from here to Washington Presbytery. home missions. I preached in Siicramcnto awhile, organized a Presbyterian Church in Napa City, and The Rev. Andrew Ferrier, D.D., the only doctor of made my way north tl~rougliCalifornia to Red Bluffs divinity who has ever labored in this church, came and Sliasta, thence by mule-back over high ranges here as supply by the appointment of I'resbytery in of mountains, almost I~uriedsometimes in t!le deep, . 1842. He was a minister of tlie United Secession pelting snows, and brought up :it Yreka, in Sliasta Church, Scotland, u member of the Presbytery of Valley, :md explored and preached all over Scott's Glasgow, but came liere more directly from the Pres- and Sliast;~Valleys. bytery of New York. On the 29th of November, " I organized a Yresbyterian Church in Jackson- 1842, Dr. Ferrier way installed as pastor here on a villc, returned in the fall over the mountain ranges, salary of $500. through deep snows, to San Francisco, revisited Sac- He was a man of decided ability, and preached fine r:imcnto and Kapa City, and ne:ir the latter place old orthodos sermons ; but IiisScotcli brogue made it married one of the best and handsornest women the

328 HISTORY OF PAPETTE COTJNTY, PENNSY LVA41U'IB.

--- - .------Lord ever made. In the F~llof 1555 I returned to of this church April 23, lSG7, on a salary of $1200, Roger's River Valley, where I have been laboring in quarterly payments in advance. The congrega- ever since. I scarcely ever see the face of a Presby- tion also paid his house-rent during his residence terian minister. This valley is surrounded mith high, here. He was a native of Ohio, a graduate of Jeffer- grand nlountains, and possesses the finest climate in son College and Princeton Theological Seminsry, and the world. I am sisty-five yearn of age, and can ride was called here from his first charge at Churchville, all day almost as well as ever. Uniontown was tech- Md. He was a good preacher, with an excellent, nically my first and last pastoral charge." melodious voice, and fine appearance and manner in the pulpit. He usually read his discourses. He mas In 1853, April 27th, the Rev. James H. Callen mas a fair pastor. He resigned his charge here Oct. 1, installed as pastor, on a salary of $500. He was an 1573, on account of a call to the church of Xenia, Irishman, wit11 a pleasant manner in conversation. Ohio, which gave him a larger support than he was His discourses were brief, finished in a bright style, receiving here, and which he believed would furnish and were nl~vaysread with a fair delivery. As a, pas- him a little relief in ministerial labor. He left Xenia tor he was ordinary. He was a man of medium in 1ST5, for a short time acted as financial agent for height, with a good appearance in the pulpit. He UTashington and Jefferson College, and in 1876 ac- gave fair satisfaction during his pastorate, and re- cepted a call to the church of Bridgewater. signed April 10, 18.35, because he received a call to s church in the East, which region seemed to be more The Samuel S. Gilson was born Oct. 25, 1543, congenial to himself and family. A note received in Westmoreland County, graduated at Washington from Mr. Callen, now (1576) an evangelist in Brook- and Jefferson College in 1866, at the Allegheny Theo- lyn, having received the title of D.D. since leaving logical Seminary in 1869, and took a fourth year's here, says, "I cannot recall any facta now which course at Union Theological Seminary, New York. would be worthy of note." He preached two summers at Garrison's, on the Hud- The Rev. William Furguson Hamilton installed son. He mas called to Bowling Green, Ky., April 1, pastor May 13,1856, having served the church, under 1571, and after laboring there precisely three years, call, from October, 1855, to that time. His pastorate mas called to Uniontown and installed pastor May 1, mas the second in length of any in the history of this 1874. Rev. J. P. Fulton presided and preached the church. sermon, Rev. J. M. Barnett delivered the charge to Mr. Hamilton was born in Washington County, the pastor, and, by special invitation, Dr. George graduated at Washington College in 1844, at the age Hill, of Blairsville, the charge t,o the people. Mr. of twenty, studied theology at the Western Theologi- Gilson resigned his work here in June, 1879. The cal Seminary, was licensed by the Presbytery of Ohio Rev. A. S. Milholland, the next and present pastor, in 1849, and ordained and installed, in 1850, pastor of was installed June 15, 1880. Centre Church, near Canonsburg, where he labored a little over two years. There have been few elders in this church, but, mith Mr. Hamilton was a man of far more than average two or three exceptions, they were able and escellent talents and ability. He was a fine writer, with a men, devoted to the solemn duties of their office. keen, pointed style. He usually wrote and read his That they were efficient and useful, especially in gir- discourses. He had a hesitancy in his delivery some- ing advice and administering discipline, is the testi- what unpleasant to the ear, and mhich slightly dimin- mony of former pastors and of the records of the ished the effect of his sermons. He mas regarded as church. In discipline their patience and wisdom a better preacher than pastor. Mr. Hamilton re- were wonderful. signed his work here May 31, 1866, after a pastorate At the first meeting of the session of mhich there is of ten years. In 1868 he took charge of the churches any record the only business attended to mas a case of Salem and Livermore. in the Blairsville Presby- of discipline, the charge being improper conduct and tery, and labored there ~~ithacceptance for seven the use of profane language towards a citizen of this yea&. He then resigned, resided in Blairsville a town. There is no record of any other meeting of the short time, and thence removed to Washington, act- session during the year 1826. In 1829 a serious case ing as stated supply to the Mount Pleasant Church, of discipline came up, when a member of the church and also as Professor of Intellectual Philosophy and was tried for inhuman it.^ to a negro. This case was Ethics in the college. promptly and prayerfully prosecuted, and the long From the time of Mr. Bgnew until that of JIr. and full record assures ns of the wisdom and piety of Hamilton the minister's salary was $500 per annum. the first session of this church. Mr. Hamilton was called upon a salary of $600, which From this time on, for a quarter of a century, a case was subsequently raised to $800, owing to the in- or more of discipline mas under consideration at al- creased price of living during the war. most every meeting of the session. Some of these mere exceedingly difficult to manage, and two or The Rev. Walter W. Ralston mas installed pastor three are as complicated and mysterious as ever come

UNIONTOI%N BOROUGH 329 ------before the civil courts. The charges are for all kinds Up to lS3U only those were admitted to the com- of offenses: for profanity, drunkenness. improper munion-table who had tokens, but in that year the conduct, unbecoming language. slander, irnposing a custom was unanimouily abolished. In the same year wrong ticket on a voter, neglecting the ordinances of it was resolved, ['That those persons who move within religion, and for other sins. Jn those early days the our bounds from other churches and fail to obtain elders frequently brought about recouciliutions and their letters of dismission within six months should adjusted differences which in modern times are more be refused the privileges of the church." The pastor apt to find their may into thecivil courts. A remark- was frequently requested by the session to preach :ible thing is that in almost every instance the actmed upon particular subjects, especially Sabbath obser- was found either wholly or partially guilty. Very vance and family worship. During the pastorate many members of this church became subject at some of Mr. Agnem the congregation was districted for time or other to discipline. I quarterly visits, "The whole care of the country It is quite certain that at least some of the offenses nieml,ers to be left to the pastor." It is not stated committed in the earlicr history of this church by the whether he chose this portion of the field because it professed followers of Christ are not committed now. was most pleasant, or becauae it needed especial over- Still, in those days there were many godly men and ( sight. Until 1837 the session is said to meet in the n omen who walked spiritually minded, in an orderly " meeting-house," about which time there is a gradual way, and brought no reproach upon the cause of tramition to the use of the word "church." The Christ. meetings of the session, lion-ever, hn~ebeen usually held in private houses, and almost always at the home The session of this church has always been prompt, , of Mr. Espy during his residence in town. when occasion required, to espress its judgment on doctrinal and moral subjects. In IS34 the following Jn the old session-book of this church the first rec- resolution, appropriate to an agitation then in pro- 1 ord, made in 1525, is signed by Joseph Kibler, Thomas peas, was adopted : I Levis, and S. Y. Campbell. These men were the first " Unanimously Re~oZced,That this session believes elders of this church. Before this date, when the that genuine revivals of religion are not the results comn~unionwas administered here, assistance was of hnman devices, but of the plain, practical, and , renderhd by elders from adjoining churches,-for in- zealous preaching of gospel truth, of which truth we stance, Benjamin Laughead, of tbe Tent, and Judge believe our standards contain an admirablesummary. Finley, of Laurel Hill. " Resolaed, That common honesty, to say nothing of , Joseph Kibler is spoken of as a godly and active Christian sincerity, requires that those who do 110t be- 1 mall. He mas diligent in tract distribution and Sab- lieve the Confession of Faith in the plain, obvious, bath-school work, and \\as the first agent of the first and common-sense construction of its doctrines Bible Society of this county. He was exceedingly should at once candidly declare their opinions and regular in his duties as an elde.r, and according to the withdraw from the communion of the Presbyterian I record was only absent from two or three meetings of Church." a , the session until his departure to Ohio, Oct. 8, 1832, The session, by its declarations and discipline, has where, in the church at Hillsboro', he was a ruling uniformly lifted up its voice against intemperance and , elder until the time of his death. its causes. In 1833 this resolution was adopted, : Thomas Lewis was regular in his attendance upon "That this session is fully persuaded that the use of ' the services of religion in public and private, and also ardent spirits as a drink is a great evil and crying upon the meetings of the seision, and was the stated sin, and we are convinced that every pursuit which / clerk from the beginning of the records until Uarch tends directly to perpetuate the evil or throw obstacles 27, 1832. In 1839 he removed within the bounds of in the way of its suppression is immoral, and me be- the Tent Church, still retaining his membership here lieve it to be the duty of the Church at large to avoid ' until 1841, until he was dismissed to the Tent congre- all participation in the guilt of its continuance." gation, within whose bounds he died, Dec. 21, 1549, Forty-three years afterwards, in 1876, the session ex- aged sisty-one years. S. I-.Campbell appears to have pressed the meaning of this resolution in more es- 1 acted as elder about two years, until 1527. plicit terms, and "Affirm their conviction of the cen- I In 1529, September BSth, John Kennedy Duncan surable complicity in the guilt of the traffic in intos- ' and Dr. Hugh Campbell were ordained to the sacred icating liquors on the part of those who knowingly , oftice. Mr. Duncan was born and raised in Carlisle, rent their property for such purpose or indorse licenses admitted to this cl~urchupon certificate, and at once that legalize it, and we affectionately admonish the elected elder, and served faithfully for one year, and members of this church to commit no offense of this was dismissed in 1530 to the Tent Church. Thence kind." In 1865 the session unaniu~ouslyadopted a he removed to Springhill, thence to Iowa City, thence long and able paper on the suttject of wrldly amuse- 1 to Dubuque, where he died in 1869. merits, admonishing the people against dancing, card- I October the 9t11, 1523, is a date long to be remem- playing, and theatre-going. j bered by this,congregation. It was then that the two

330 HISTORY OF PAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

- -- . - -- - - young nien, Dr.IIug-11 C:trnpl)cll antl N:itlt:miel Kwirlg, terian Church of this country in the Scotch Assembly Ksq., c:lrlle for the first time to the Lord's t:ible. To- :it Etlinburgll in 18ti9, pssing that yc:ir traveling in gcther they follo\\d Clirist with revcrenco and godly C;rc:it I3rit:iin :rnd I~cI:LIIII. fear for almost 11;ilf a century. Tlicsc nlcn were prop- IIc w:~s :in excellcnt and impressive speaker, ile- erly regarded :is the 1)ill:irs ol'tlic church in their d:iy, 1:trid ortor. In the judgment of one well quali- and it is 11:ir(lly ~)ossiOlcnow to unduly cx:ilt their in- fied to give testi~nonyon this point, " I-Ic w:is one of fluencc :IS Cllristiarl citizc~~s.They wcrc idso c\sccecl- tl~cs~ncmtlicst :ind u~ostp1ens:urt spcitkers, in his best ingly useful in tliu higl~crcourts of tlic cliurcl~,to tl:iys, I 11:lre crcr 11e:lrd. The words fell from his lips which tlicy were so fi-erluently t1clcg:itcs. Intlc~d,it like oil." Hi.+ :iddresses on the subjcct of temper:mce c:trnc to I)c sail1 in tlic l'rcsl)ytery, in rcprcl to tl~c were vcry eloquent. Dr. Ca~irpbellwis :i m:tn of gre:it conirriissioncrs to tile Gcner:tl Asscml)ly, " It was Ur. will powcr, :inti it wis not s:tfi: to come in his way Campbell one year :lnd Judge Ewing the nest." wlierc right :LII~I 111or:ility were involved. Dr. C:tmpl)ell was st:ttetl clerk of tlic sessio~ifrom In 11c :ig:lin took up his resitlcncc in Union- 18.51 to 1864. He w:w :I nlelril)er of :L 1:lrgc f:1niiIy of' town, :tltliougl~he nevcr :q:iin resu~nedhis duties as Scotch descent, :ml 311 l'rcslyteri:~~~~.His fi~tlier\V:LS cldcr hrrc. lie cliccl in this place Feb. 27, 1876, colt- :t memher of this cllurcll, :tnd died :it the :dv:inwl tinuing to t,hc close of his lifi! to take :i dccp interest :tge of ninety-five. 1.C:ii~lcIl st or 1 no- in tl~e1)rosperity of the church and in tlic puhlic wor- town, JI:iy I, 17!15. I cteniler ISI n:rrI I of' I.He w:is rilrdy :tl)sent ti-oni the sanrtu- hliss Sus:m Ihird, of Waslii~~gton,who tlictl in lS2-L. :~ryor thc ~)r:tyer-~~~c(!titlg,:11i(I was :L II~:LIIof rcnlarli- He m:rrried the second time in lSS, Miss Ilacl~c~lal)le fitlic4t.y in pr:tycr. He was :I close student of t.he Lyon, of Curlisle. I5ble :ill llis lifk, :ind u few (lays befibre his deatli he Dr. C:mpLcll w:ts orc1:iinctl :LII eldcr ill this cliurcl~ incidentitlly told his pastor that hc had recently coni- Sept. 23, 1S2!). In 1SG5 lie nus :q)pointed n7:trcIen 01' lllete~lrending the i5ible througI1 for tlie sixth time. the Western Penitentiary. Tl~efi)llowing tribute wi-: liis faith was strong to the end, and he died triumph- prepared by his lifelong f'riend, Nath:iniel Ihrii~g,' :~ntin Christ. Aniong lhs kist words were, " 1 feel it and orered and adopted in tlie session: "For more i is by the Grxcc of God I an1 w11:it I am." Almost than thirty-five years Dr. C:irnpbellI~:is exercised con- 1 the last words he wrotc arc wort,liy of record, not only

tinuously the office of ruling elder in tliis hhurcll , 1)ccause of their intri~isic:csccllencc, but because tlicy with uniform accept:tnce :lntl cniinent :il)ility. :inti manifibst tire ch:ir:icter ot' the man. " I have always fiitllfulncss. Duri~~gtliis long period his escrl~plnry dis:ipprovcd of the display :ind cstravaganrc of mod- walk, the :ibu~id:incc of his bcncfi~ctions,cscrtio113, ern funtrals as being usclcss for the dead, and ill rri:iny and prayers, and his diligent :uld scrupulous discliarge instances esccssively burdensonre to the living, and of' official duty contributed 1:irgcly to blie m:iintc~~:incc, tempting such :IS cannot ford it to follow the csarnple growth, and establisllment of' the church. J3y thc of those who c:t~i. It looks to me like aping those eminence of liis gifts, also, lie was en:tblcd to perform who occupy high places in the world. -Asa n~atter efective service for the general interests of the ~I:Is- of wordly policy, it may be well for kings and others, ter's c:iuse sitting on Srcquent occ:~sions:IS :I rncul- hut it is very unl)cconiing fix the humble Christian. bcr in etch of the superior judicatories." Possibly my cs:impIe m:iy have a good infl~icnceon Dr. C:unpbcll wasa co~ntilissionerto scveral Gcner;tl others. Let it be tried." Assemblies. He was echoscn principal tlelcg:lte fro111 the Redstone Presbytcry in the years 1833, 1S34, 1835, On Cl~risttnas-day,1831, Mr. Hugh Espcy was 1836, and :g:iin in 1847, 1854, 1858, and m:is an :ilter- elected elder in this cliurcl~,:ind received by the ses- nate nine tirncs, :tnd probably attended occasionally sion :is one of its rncnilm-s. He was st:ttctl clcrk fiorn under this appoint~~ient.He was :I meml)cr of the hIarc11, 1832, until 1851. Mr. Espey was born Sep- famous Gencr:iI Assemby which met in Pittsburgh tember, 1792, within the bounds of Tyrone Church, in 1838, :it tlie tinie of the disruption. A man of far where he made :i profession of religion at :in e:irly more than nrdin:~ry:~bility, lie m:dc his influence fblt age. Aboul 1312 he rcniovcd to Rising Sun, Ind., in that body. During a discussion he :irosc and n~:tdc and :~ttlie organ~zatioriof the church tlicre in 181ti a remark or two which att,rncted attention. Son~c was ordaincd :L ruling cldcr. 011 account of poor Doct,or of Divinity corribed him a littlc, and w:intetl llealth he returned to l'ennsylvnnia in 1822, antl died to how \vho is "This young David'!" Thc doc- at his home here on Christni:is-day, 18>2. He ms a tor arosc and said, " I :itn :L vcry Iiunildc Eltlcr fi-on1 most exccllcnt Inan, :ml is rcmcrn1)ered with great a very huml)le church :tntl :t vcry hun~blel'rcsbytcry, att'ection by m:my persons still living. $'or twenty but I tlliink God I 11:tve thc wnc rights on tliis floor ycxrs he served tl~cMastcr hcrc faithfully as :i Chris- s., the niost lcxrnctl Doctor of Divinity or tlic gre:ltest ti:ui :ml :in oHicc-l~curerin the church of God, a11d lawyer licrc." He tlicn proceeded to score his unfor- :is st:~tetlclcrk of the session. tuu:~tcnntngonist in a speech of wonderful kccn~wss, which elcctrificd tlie Assembly. 15y the :i~q)oirlt~nent In 1S33, Fcbru:iry 34 N:ithaniel Ewing, Esq., was of the Gener:tI Asselnlly, lie represented the Presby- ordained to the oflice of elder in tliis church by the

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH. - -- - . ------pastor, Rev. Joel Stoneroad. Fcb. S, 18:33, he first here with acci3pt:ince to the people. Mr. Brown acted as a member of the session, and continued to cead to act :LS elder by his own desire and the will exercise tlie functions of tlie sacred office until re- of the congregation :tnd session. He left liere in moved by death, Feb. S, 1874, in the eightietli year 18%. of' liis age, :ind prec.isely the forty-first ol' his scrvice In 1845, on the 13th of J:mu:lry, David Veech was as eldcr. Judge Ewing, in 1822, married Jnne Ken- elected elder here. 1Ie \\-as of Scotch-Irk11 descent, nedy, the sccond daughter of the late Judge Ken- l~ornin tliis county June 6, 1781. He removed to nedy, a most estimable lady, who died in 1825. She Ureene County in 1812, :~ndwas ordained elder in was the ~notlierof John Kennedy Ewing, one of the the New l'rovidence Church. In 1832 he settled present elckrs of this cliurch. 111 1830 he married wittiin the bounds of' the Dunlap's Creek Church, and Ann Lyon, t1:iugIiter of the late Rev. David Ue~~ny,served :is elder there. In 1839 he came to Union- of C1l:unbersl)urg. t~i.lie served Giitlifiilly and :~cceptablyhere from When a young rwtn Mr. Ihving cordinlly em- 181.5 until lY(i1, wlien, because of old age, lie w:~sno braced tlie do~trjlies:ind order of the l'rebby teriaii longcr able to :~ttendtllc meetings of'the session. He Church. lie mas ba~hxcdin J~rne,:md communed I held tlie office, hc~wever,.until his death on the 14th in October, 1s";. In :L few years hc \v:is elected ant1 of Febru:iry, IS(;& 1':trt of :L long resolution adopted ordained elder, and the period of his servicc in this 1)g the ses.sion at th:tt timp states, " Ifre licreby testify ofice was longer t11:11i t11:it of any otlicr man who our sense of his C11rihti:tn character and fidelity m a hns been :in eldcr llerc. 1Ic rcceiwtl :ti1 unusu:il corn- ruling clclc'r in tlic Cl~urcliof' Chcl." Nr. Veech was plirnent in tlic ~neetingsof the session :it liis Iionse :t good man, :tnd the nienlory of' his influence and whcn, by re;uon of' sickness, lie was confined to his works is still fragrant. Hc \v:ls tlic fiitlier of'Jamcs home, and the remainder of the session fclt tlie great Veccl~,lhq., who was long :L resident of this com- importance of his counsel. nlnnity. He was frequently a member of the General Assem- I On the 15th of April, 1866, Simon B. Mercer was bly, being elected principal delegate froni the l'res- inst:tlled, :in3 13enj:~min Campbell installed and or- bytery of Redstone in 1896, 1837,183!), and ISX, and ' dained, elders in this church. Mr. 3lcrcer was fbr- alternate six times. In the higher courts of the nierly an elder in tlie churcli of Ihidgewater. He church, his legal- :rttainments enabled liirn to esponnd served liere about one year, and then rcmoved to ecclesiastical Iitw satisf~ctorily,and lie acquired jirc:it S:dtsburg. Mr. C:unpLell acted :IS statcd clerk from influence over the Assembly. I'crhnps tlie most ini- June, 1SCi6, until June, 1873. Mr. CanipLell was the port:~nt service of this kind ever rendered w:is n re- son of Dr. llugli Campbell, arid still resides in Union- port wlticli he nmle on tlie decision of'.Judge Rodgcrs. town. of the Nihi Prius Court at l'l~iladelpliia, aqainst tlic , That this church has inform:illy esistcd for a cen- 1'rcsbyteri:m Cliurch. This report is recorded in full tury is highly probable for renbons already :lssigned. in the 1arge.tninute-book of tlie Preshyterg, covering Tlie following is thc first notice rn:& of this church six pages. in the records of the Presbytery : " At the tneetlng Judge Ewing :tcquircd large ~e:tlth.and gave lib- at Georgcs Crcek, Oct. 11,1799, application was made crally to thc Lord, without letting his right h:wd for supplies by the wcant congregation of Union- know what the left did. As :tn illustrntion of his , town. :ind tlie Itev. Janies Powers was itppointed for quiet may of contributing to tlie Lord's cause, in one Sabbath and Rev. Samuel Porter for anotl~er." lSGG Iic gave $1000 to the I3oard of Education, and In the old session book of tliis cliurcll the first his contribution was not known even by tllc members , record is made in 1825, and states, over tliesignatures of his own f:itnily until some yews :iftcrwards. He of the first three elders : " In rnaking out tlie report gave his 1)enefactions while he lived, and was per- of the Tiniontown congregation, me have given it son:illy attentive to the wants of the poorof this corn- 1 according to the most correct inform:ttion me could niunity who were brought to his notice. To tlic very collect, as the congregation was nexr organized until close of liislife there was no app:trent weakeningof his I the 24th of Fcbruary last." One item of tlie report powcrful intellect. Up to witliin ten d:\ysof his death retkrred to is, " Tot:~l in cominunion before tlie or- his opinion on a principle of civil or ecc1esi:rstical law ganiration of' tlie congrerratio~i,unknown." Dr. Fair- 1nig11tItnvc been relied upon. In tlie 1:~sthour of'liis child prc:irhed licrc frequently about 1S25, and held lifc lie see~ncdto re:tlizc that God was tlie strength of , the first election of elders :md org:inized the church. liis heart :ind liis etcrnal portion. On a Su1h;~th Tlie growth of the cliurcli from tlie e:irlieht time niorning lie quietly breathed his last 011 cart11 and of wliich we 11:ive :my statistics has varied, and get began his cternnl Sabbntli in licnven. in the nwin IJCCIIhte:idiIy onwtrd. 111 1525 the mem- William Redicl; and C11:lrles I3rown were ordained bership was fifty-time pe~uotis,of ~l~nionly one is elders Feb. 3, 1833, by the Rev. Joel Stoneroad. hlr. now (1S7G) living,-him. S:ir:tIl Dawson, of Browns- Redick servccl as elclcr until 1856, wlien he rernorcd sille. Of these members, forty-two were women. to the State of Illinois. He was born i11 Venmgo There wcrc about one-fourth as many men as women. Coutltp in 1799. He was a good m:tn, and served 1 Ikginnirtg with the ye:ir 1826, the roll of members

.,.,.) .-).>A I1 ISTOBY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, 1'ESNSTLVA4NIh.

-. . ~... ~- -

ISs flow; 0,1 ! '7'7, 1 8. Beginning tril-mtion is tlmt in 1629,-three dollars were given wit11 1832, the fi rst year ot' Mr. Stoneroad's p:lstorate, for the col~~liiissioners'fund. In 18%, $325 were con- during the tcn ye:m of his 1:lI)ors I~ere,tl~c member- tributed to the gcrleral work of the church ; in 18-1-2, sl~ipis as fi)llo\vs: lo:$, 1:3:3, 170, I&, 215, 217, 240, $liiO ; in ISSX, 8ii6 ; wid in 1845, $440, and in 1849, 201, 2OCj, %)!I, 157. I These :ire the only statistics recorded in the 111 reprd to this pcbriotl it should be obwrrctl t11:it session-book up to 1850. ]:or the last cp~rterof a the large. incre:rse W:LS rendled by the reception of century tile st:ltistics are quite full, being ,' rrtren an- rrlany wllo lived :kt Jlount \V:l?;llingtor~ and Peters- nually. The figures just cited Surnish :t very good burgh rid Sandy Crccbk, :mtl indeed hut few wrc re- idc:r 11ow t11c benevolence of tl~echurcl~ varies with ceived from the congrcg:ltion Itere. 'l'lic 1:lrgcst :ddi- the most :lstonislling arid un:~ccountuble irregularity tiori tllc: church lilts eve-r reccivcvl in one ywr \r:w at until nc::lr tlie prcscl~ttin~c. tlrc 1)eginning 01' JIr. Stonerond's lxbors, w11c11 there The five yc:m in our history that are marked by wcrc forty-eight :~rl(lcd. The annu:rl :~dtlitionsdnring the ltiglrest contributions to the general work of the the I~istoryof the cl~urchwry froiu this riun~bertlown churcll arc t11c following: lS(i6, $113" of which was to one, wliic!i \\.:is the relmrt ji)r the yexr inime(1i:rtely the spcci:ll contribution of $1000 by Judge Ewing; preceding Mr. Agnew's ministry. Tlic r:lpitl tlccrcxisc 1,!l Tl~cw two ye:lrs werc during the p:i.~tor- irl t,he n~cnibersllipof this church tow:~rds the close ate of Mr. Ilalnilton. In the year 1873, of Mr. 1t:tls- ol' Xr. 8tonrro:ld's pastorate wnti owing cllicfiy to tlic ton's p:~stor:rtv, PlOG6 were: contril)uicd; in 1875, organixa~ioriol' t11c cllurcl~~sat 31ount \\7;lsl~i~~gto~i$1 Xi, :lnd in I ST(; $1 12'3 u-cre given to the bards :mtl L'etcrsl)urg, ant1 also son1cwh:it to the severe tlis- of the cl~urcl~.Fronr 1876 to the 1st of May, 1861, ci[)lir~cof' tl~csession. About this 1)eriotl some c::tscbs 813,464 has bcen contri1)utetl. of discipline were up :it almost every n~wting,the 3)uring the period covercd by the st:itist,ics tlutt nre of1i:ndcrs being cliiefiy in the rr~ountainrc.giotis. Dis- quite full this c11urcI1 h:is contril)ut(d i~sfollows to cipline seems to have bceri cventl~:~Ilytlie death-blow the various c:luscs which have prcscritcd : Home of the l'etersburg Churcl~,for it so011 bec:rrr~c es- ~niasions, $3240 ; foreign missions, $2142 ellurch tinct. crec+tio~l.$1360 ; relicf filncl, $660 ; public:ttion, $549 ; Ikgir~ningwith the year 1643, the roll of the cllurch l'rectllt~en, 8247 ; sustentation, $187 ; niisccllaneous, runs as follows : 157; 150, 1-41, I-l!), 154, 155, 151, 135, 83!61 ; corlgreg:~tion,$4l,OOO, or more tl~antwo-thirds 120, 121, 131, 127, 15', wl1ic11brings the report to the of tllc ~vllole. In all, over $50,000 h:ivc been given close of Mr. C:lllen's p:lstor:ltc. 111 1856, Mr. 1f:ltn- :~ccortlingto the statistics, :tnd much has bccri con- ilton took ellarge of the churcll, :md, bepinning with tril)utcd of which there is no record. this year, the report runs :is follow during the ten 111 Fcl)ru:lry, 1S75, a missionary society or1 a some- vezirs of his lahrs lme: 121, 107, lOS, 134, 114, lo!), tr11:~tcstendcd sc:de. including the foreign work, was 112, 113, 118, 117, 130. The largest :~tltlition to tlic org;u~izcd,:~nd in t,he course of the yc:ir attained :L church during this pastorate w:is in the 1:~tyear, ~ricr~~bcrsliipof one I~unclr~d,:rnd pve :I contribution when tl~crewere twenty-nine received. of 8100 to tlie fbreign n~is~ion:u-ycause. I3eginning with 1867, the report is : 134, 13'7, 135, 'l'lie following were the olticers fi)r tile first year; 1,1 15,154, 14. It will hc noticed t11:it. during l'rcsident, Mrs. I3leazer Itobinsoli. two periods of four years each in tlie I~istoryof tlic Vice-l'residet~ts, Mrs. 8. S. Gilson, Mrs. Dr. lWler, cl~urclithe clccreasc w:ls regu1:lr. The r~~tmbcrsl~ipXlrs. 1Cwing Brownfiel(1, JIrs. M. 31. 13rowning, Mrs. reported in 1874 I& I 48, in 1575 it w:is ISI, i~ndin \\'illi:im Chrothers, Airs. C. M. Livingston. lSi(i, 1115. The present rric~nlwrsllipol' tl~cchurch is Secrct:iries, Miss JI:lry 1). Campbell, Mrs. Susan 203. Alliso~~. The fiva oltlcst n~cnibers of this church wltosc 3lar1:~gcrs,Mrs. Daniel Kaine, Mrs. J. K. Jjeeson, n:ilnchs :mc now upon the roll :m: the ti)llowing, given Blisses Lizzic Iteynolds, Sadie Cope, 1,izzic Jioreland, in the order in wl~iclitiicy united with the church : A~~uiciVilli:ln~s, 3I:lggic Francis, Lic1:t 1-I:ir:lIi, Laura Airs. 1flia:ibcth Lewis, received by 1):~ptisni :wd Ilcesoli, Lou 1-Ia~ficld,S:lllic G:lddis, and Sarah Mc- conibssion, .June 26, 18%. 1)0\vcll. Mrs. Ann 1,. I':wing, widow of 11011. Katl~aniel l're:~surer, Mrs. W. 1-1. 13aily. $:wing, uriitctl by ecrtificate, Nov. 13, 1S:lO. I- 3Irs. 1';liz:i Wilson, united by ccrtificxte, Oct. 6, , The gem of tlic S:hh:rth-w11ooI of this church, tlie 1833. first S:il)l):~th-scl~ool01' Iyniontown,w:r> :I class t:iught JIrs. C:rth:irine Dicus, unite(1 by csarnin:ttion, Oct. by tl~cwik of' the Rev. Willianl Wylie in her own 6, 1833. loI. .I sc.l~oolw:ls ii)rn~:rllyorgmizcd :ibout 1820. Miss Agnes Dutton, unitcd by exa~nin:ition,Aug. 1)r. 1lugl1 C:t~~tpbcll,who wis t11c11 present, is the 1" 1s:3i;. chief :~uthorityin regartl to tlie wrliest l~ihtoryof the S:il~l,;itl~-scliod.The fi)llowing st:ttcrncnts are fiorn Of tlie bcncvolcnt work ofthc church in tlw earliest :L written doculrlent prcp:irc'd Iyhimself: times we liavc no st:itistics. The first record of a con- ! One of tlie ted~ers:it the time of the orgnnira-

334 HISTORY OF FAY ETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

scenery, and also a good view of the town. The cost John Xiller. Samuel Hudson. of the house alone was four thousand two hundred Mary McClean. Christian Lechrone. dollars. James Gaddis. Catharine Lechrone. Ann M. Wood. Daniel Brubaker. CUMBERLAND PBESBYTERI-4N CHURCH OF USIONTOWN. Priscilla Springer. Ephraim D. Kellan. " A brief narrative1 of the rise and organization Nancy Taylor. Lucinda Payne. of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church at Union Ann Dawson. Jane Osborn. Town, Penna. : Jane Todd. Mary Dougherty. " In that vast series of events arising in the ad- Samuel Yarnell. Mary Snelling. ministration of Divine Providence, such events oc- Ausley Gaddis. John King. curred as directed the labors of the Cumberland John McDorvell. James Collins. Presbyterian missionaries to this place. In the month John Minor. Jesse Payne. of December, 1831, a protracted meeting was held by Louis F. Wells. Thomas Stewart. the Rev. A. M. Brien and Milton Bird, which con- CaIeb Woodward. Rebecca Rager. tinued five days. Although it commenced under Phebe Woodward. Catharine Cornell. rery inauspicious circumstances, yet it closed with Hannah Johns. Catharine Payne. quite favorable auspices. Owing to the numerous Perry Tautliuger. Priscilla Wiggins. and imperious calls elsewhere, another mas not held Henry H. Reeson. Elizabeth Yarnell. until the latter part of January, 1832. A third wah Adaline Shelcart. Nancy Rean. held during the month of February, both by the April 31, 1833 : Mordecai Parnell. above-named ministers. Those two last occasions Nancy Abrams. Nargaret Bowers. were increasingly signalized with displays of Divine David Hess. Eliza Dougherty. influence in the conviction and conversion of sinners, Catharine A. Balsinger. Susan Roderick. and in exciting the attention of many who had hith- Hannah Downard. Nancy Carrol. erto been thoughtless to serious reflection and decision Isaac Vance. Elizabeth Desmond. on the subject of Christianity. Mary Vance. Sarah McCubbins. " A desire having been and still being expressed Ruth Downard. John L. Dicus. by sundry individuals for the formation of a Cumber- Rachel Downard. John Lazure. land ,Presbyterian congregation, and God in his Charlotte McClelland. Nancy Holley. providence having opened an effectual door in this Mary Hess. Sept. 16, 1833 : borough and adjacent neighborhood, the above de- Priscilla Shotwell. Samuel Swearingen. sire was complied with in the formation of a Cum- Mirah Whitmire. Sarah Williams. berland Presbyterian congregation in 1832. It having Malinda Hall. Sept. 17,1833: been manifest that such an event mould meet the William Scott. Hannah Stewart. Divine approbation, additions were made from time Juliet Seaton. Mary FuIton. to time, and on the -day of -, 1832, this con- Elizabeth Beeson. John Blackford. gregation was regularly organized, and its narrative Sabina Malaby. Mary Walker. proceeds from this date in the records of the session." John Whitmore. Edward Richards. The names of the original members are not given Conrad Ritchard. Susan Sharrar. in the record. The first names that appear with dates Ann Scott. Mary McCorrnick. are Sabina Campbell, Lewis Marchand, Sarah Mar- Mary Scott. Nancy Deselms. chand, and Ann Maria McCall, who appear to have Elizabeth Young. Dec. 21, 1833 : been admitted as members on the 23d of December, Mary Derolff. Elizabeth Boyle. 1832. The first pastor of the church was the Rev. Mary Sullivan. Elizabeth Richart. Milton Bird. The following names are those of per- Aug. 4, 1833 : . Mary Springer. sons admitted to membership in the church during Henry Dougherty. Susan Bright. the year 1833 : Eleanor Kaine. Dec. 29, 1833 : Sept. 15, 1833: Margery Vanhook. Jan. 20,1833 : Nancy Cannon. Mary Scott. Rebecca Dixon. Eliza Minor. Matilda Aldridge. Elizabeth McCormick. Mary Collins. William Wood. David Campbell. John Beatty. Jane McCleary. George Meason. William S. Cannon. Ant] Mariah Beatty. Hannah Turner. Mary Meason. Isaac Beeson. Hannah Wolten. Elizabeth Clark. James Piper. Louisa C. Beeson. Elihu Gregg. Ann Carson. Mary Lewis. Van Rensselaer Taylor. Sarah Law. Elizabeth Kurtz. Margaret Boy le. Ann Norris. Joseph Price. Thomas D. Miller. George Wiggins. Barbara Bevier. 1 These extracts are from a narratirc written by Tmac Beeson at the John Jackson. Feb. 23, 1834: commencement of the cllrirch record. Joseph Rockwell. Jacob Beeson.

UNlONTOWCVN BOROUG Ll. 335

The first report to tLc YrcAytcry, in April; 1833, church by building up and supplying new and vacant gave the membership as two hundred and sixteen. congregations and sending out missionaries, to be From Dec. 23, 1832, to April 1, 1833, thirty-eight known by the name of the Union Town Congregation mere admitted, leaving one hundred and seventy- Auxiliary Missionary Society. Officers, George Mea- eight who had been admitted prior to the former date. son, president ; James Piper, secretary ; Richard Bee- A list of ruling elders is given in the record of the son, treasurer." On the 7th of the same month: church without date. The names of William Xixon, " This day the church formed a Sabbath-school, the James Boyle, and Joseph Pennock appear before the follon-ing officers being duly elected : Isaac Beeson, names of Isaac Beeson and William McQuilken, who Dr. Lewis Marchand, and Robert C. Wood, superin- were chosen June 8, 1833. At the same time James tendents ; Archibald Coulter, secretary ; William Piper was chosen clerk. As trustees the names of McQuilken, treasurer." Robert C. Wood, Daniel Kellar, Isaac P. Minor, and The Rev. Milton Bird served this church as mis- Dr. Lewis Marchand appear before those of H. H. sionary till September, 1834, when the Rev. John Beeson and George Meason, who were elected Sept. Morgan became its pastor. On the 15th of that 30, 1833. month, " In pursuance of a public notice, the congre- On the llth of July, 1833, at a meeting of the male gation met in the church. Brother R. Beeson ap- members of the congregation, "it was agreed that the pointed moderator. Rev. Brother Morgan stated the congregation hold a protracted camp-meeting on the object of the meeting, the destitute condition of a farm of Brother William Nixon, in George township, number of the brethren in the region and neighbor- to commence on the second Tuesday of September hood of Connellsville, they having no ruling elder next." among them. LutelIus Lindley was nominated and On Monday evening, Aug. 5, 1833, the record says, elected. It was resolved that this congregation give ' " The congregation this evening held their first meet- their consent -that the Rev. Brother Morgan labor ing of monthly concert of prayer." one-fourth of his time in Connellsville and vicinity, " Tuesday, Aug. 6, 1833.-The corner-stone of our and that one-fourth of his salary be secured to him by church edifice in Uniontown was this day laid, in that people." which was deposited a copy of the Old and New The Rev. Mr. Morgan continued as pastor until Testaments, a copy of the Confession of Faith, an 1841, when he was compelled by disease (of which he enrollment of the members7names in communion with died in Uniontown on the 15th of October in that the church, together with a brief narrative of the year) to send in his resignation. . On the 22d of June rise and organization of the church in this place. in.that year, "By reason of the ill health of the pastor, The ceremonies were closed with a few pertinent re- the Rev. John Morgan, the session was directed to marks suited to the occasion and prayer by the Rev: wait upon the Rev. James Smith, and inform him Brother Bird." And under date of Sept. 13, 1834, is that it is the desire of the church that he should as- recorded, ('The new church was this day dedicated to sume the pastoral charge, and promise him a salary the use of Almighty God, an appropriate address of five hundred dollars." Mr. Smith's answer was being delivered by the Rev. John Morgan." tavorable, and on the 27th of July following a formal The camp-meeting proposed at the meeting on the call was extended to him, but for some reason which llth of July, as before noticed, mas held at the place does not appear the matter fell through, and on the designated, beginning on Sunday, the 15th of Sep- 21st of November a letter was addressed to the Rev. tember. The ministers present were the Revs. Milton Isaac Shook, inviting him to the pastorate. He ac- Bird, John Morgan, Aston, Sparks, and Wood, and a cepted the call, and assumed the charge Jan. 1, 1843, licentiate named Robinson. On the first day of the but resigned soon after. In March, 1843, a call was meeting twenty-five persons were added to the church, extended to the Rev. J. T. A. Henderson, who ac- of whom fourteen mere baptized. On the second day cepted, and became pastor of this church May 15, seventeen were examined and admitted, and on the 1843. third day eight more mere added. The meeting The increase of membership from 1834 to 1842 is closed on the 17th, having resulted in the conversion shown by the reports made to Presbytery from time of fifty persons. to time, giving the number of members at different On the 123th of September, 1833, a report of the dates as follows : April, 1834, 318; September, 1834, condition of the church was made to the Presbytery 342; March, 1835, 391 ; October, 1835, 425 ; April, at Washington, Pa., showing that the number of per- 1836, 432 ; August, 1837, 442; August, 1838, 494; sons added to the church since the 1st of April of the March, 1840,504 ; April, 1842,520. same year mas seventy-eight. The Rev. Mr. Henderson remained pastor of the Nov. 4, 1833.-The congregation, in pursuance of church until 1847, then the Rev. Milton Bird served the request of the Pennsylvania Presbytery of the for a time as a supply. The Rev. L. H. Lowry suc- Cumberland Presbyterian Church, this evening formed ceeded as pastor on the second Sabbath of April, a society auxiliary to the Presbyterian Society, for 1847, and held the pastorate at a salary of four hun- the more effectually extending the bounds of the dred dollars a year until the spring of 1849. About

HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

------. ------.- -- this time the Rev. A. D. Bryce frequently occupied 53 ce& a perch; or find the materials himself and the pulpit as a supply. On the 1st oi July, 1849, the do the mork for $1.56,' a perch. David Jones' bid Rev. Hiram A. Hunter became pastor, and remained fbr the stone-work was 81.871 per perch and find the till Nov. 1, 1852, then came Rev. S. E. Hudson, materials himself. Thomas Prentice offered to fur- whose tern1 of service dates from April 1, 1853, to nish 'good stone for the foundation at '75 cents a April 1, 1854. He was succeeded without an inter- perch, or stone raised at the quarry at 48 cents a mission by Rev. John Cary, who preached until Jan. perch, the committee to haul the same.' 17, 1857. " Hague 8: Meredith offered to lay 85,950 bricks for Aug. 30,1858, a call was extended to the Rev. Isaac $287.786. Reuben Hague's bid for the same mork S. Biddle, who became the pastor in November of mas to find the lime, sand, scaffolding, tenders and that year at a salary of .SO0 per year (afterwards in- boarding, and lay the bricks for $2.80 a thousand. creased to $GOO), and remained till Aug. 1, 1866, Joseph Brashear, of Franklin township, proposed when he resigned. He was immediately followed by under the conditions laid down by Hague to do the Rev. 9.D. Hail, who served until May 26, 1869. A work for $2.75 a thousand. Edward Hyde wanted year later, in the spring of 1870, Rev. George A. $3.75 a thousand. John P. Sturgis and Benjamin Flower accepted the pastorate, whose functions he Riddle proposed to furnish and delirer 100,000 bricks discharged until his resignation in May, 1872. Rev. at $5.50 a thousand. James McCoy underbid them J. H. Coi~lteracted as supply until February, 1873, 50 cents a thousand and got the contract. William when Rev. Henry Jlelville was permanently instailed. Maquilken offered to do the painting for $37.94. Nr. Melville resigned April 1, 1879, since when the Ephraim McLean proposed to furnish 41 locust posts, church has been without a regular pastor. Rev. 4 by 5, good butts, 83 feet long, at 31: cents each, Walter Baugh is now acting as supply. The mem- delivered. Absalom White offered to find all the bership of the church isnow one hundred and seventy. materials and do all the carpenter-work for $1240 ; or On the 26th of February, 1873, to consider the pro- find no materials and do the mork for $650. On his priety of erecting a parsonage a building committee consenting also to furnish the glass and do the neces- mas appointed to select a location and superintend sary priming his bid was accepted. Following is a the work of building. A site was selected on Red- copy of the report of the committee appointed to stone Street, and a parsonage erected on it at a cost audit and close the accounts of the build& commit- of $2500. tee : The Sabbath-school in connection with this church . " The committee appointed by the congregational numbers one hundred and thirty scholars and fifteen meeting held in November last, for the purpose of teachers, n-ith James Hadden as superintendent. closing the accounts of the building committee, met Recently the congregation have decided to build a at the house of Isaac Beeson on the 23th of Novem- new house of The following article, from ber, 1835, and proceeded to an esamination of the the Republican Standard of May 26,1881, is of interest accounts of said committee, as per documents here- in its reference to the demolition of the old edifice with inclosed : and its history : We find that Isaac Beeson has paid out...... "The Cumberland Presbyterian Church, now un- And has received and assumed ...... Leaving a balance due to Isanc Beeson. for which Ire dergoing demolition on Church Street, was built in gyve birn :I certificate for ...... 1833 and dedicated Sept. 13, 1834. At that time the Also a, certificate to Hague & Meredith for...... L " Wil!iam ?vIcQoilken for Cumberland Presbyterian denomination was one of ...... Jsmes Eoyle for ...... the most flourishing in this section of country. Last Making the cost of si~idbuilding, including lot.: ...... week there was found under the pulpit a box contain- Leaving a balance due from congregation to individuals ...... ing bids, contracts, receipts, memoranda, reports, etc., written at the time the church was building. "There remains uncollected subscriptions to the They give the price of labor and materid then, and amount of $127.29:-, which in all probability cannot show exactly what the church cost, which was, in- be collected. cluding the lot, $3190.79. These papers mere wrapped " KENRYH. BEESON, up in a copy of the Genius of 1835. The com- '' JOHXCASON, mittee appointed by the congregation to supervise " CHARLESPEACH, the building of the edifice consisted of Isaac Bee- " Conmittee. son, George Meason, Dr. Louis Marchand, James " DEC.28,1535. Boyle, and John Dawson. Among the bids mas the "A gentleman who has a retentive memory re- following from George D. Stevenson : 'I propose to cently remarked to the writer that to the older resi- find all materials and plaster your house in a good dents of the town a considerable degree of interest and workmanlike manner (with a vestibule) for attaches to the old church. John Qnincy Adarns $208.50; without vestibule or lobby, for $187.50.' spoke there once. He was on his way back from John Harvey offered to build the foundation wall, Cincinnati, where he had attended the laying of the 40 by 60 feet, the committee to fjnd the materials, for corner-stone of an observatory, and the people of

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH. ------Uniontown of course gave the distinguished traveler ; lians plastered, and furnished in part with the afore- a reception. The address of welcome was delivered 1 said temporary seats, the Rev. W. W. Arnett officia- by Dr. Hugh Campbell, and according to our infor- ting for the Episcopalians, and continuing rector of mant, brevity mas not one of its merits. Famous dis- the parish till December, 1S44, when he resigned. cussions on temperance and baptism also took place Capt. John Sowers and Hon. R. P. Flenniken were in the church. On the former questicin there was a 1 at a vestry-meeting held March X, 1842, appointed division of opinion between the advocates of total j wardens of said St. Peter's Church, then building, abstinence and teetotal abstinence, and the ' and L. W. Stockton, Daniel Smith, Daniel Huston, warfare was waged night after night with great ~igorI Dr. A. H. Campbell, and William P. Wells were the and intensity. One of the speakers is remembered 1 other vestrymen. On Mr. Arnett's resignation Rev. as having declared, in the warmth of debate and as a S. W.Crampton accepted a call, but resigned in May, presumptuous advertisement of his own acquirements 1845, after which Mr. James BlcIIvaine (then a vestry- and habits, that he knew more law than Blackstone, man) held services as lay reader once every Lord's Day more medicine than Dr. Blank, and was more temper- till March, 1846, mhen Rev. Korris Rl. Jones took ate than Chrjst himself. One of the principal par- charge of the parish, and resigned in October, 1845, ticipants in the discussion of baptism was the well- and in November of the same year Rev. Mr. Lawson known Rev. Dr. Fairchild. The debates on this was appointed to the parish by the bishop (Potter). subject were not confined to the Cumberland Presby- Rer. Mr. Lawson resigned in 1849, and Rev. Dr. terian Church, but were held alternately in all the Rawson had charge of the parish till 1551, when Rev. churches in town. When the body of Col. Roberts Theodore S. Rumney succeeded him, and resigned the was brought home from Mesico, where he was killed charge in the fall of 1855, when Rev. Ranson T. Wil- in battle, the funeral services were held in the Cum- coxson took charge of the parish, but was compelled to berland Church." resign on account of impaired health in November, 1856, and in July, 1857, Rev. Faber Byllesby (then a METHODIST PROTESTANT CHURCH. deacon) took charge of the parish, which he resigned In the fall of 1830 several members of the Meth- in October, 1859, after which occasional services mere odist Episcopal Church of Uniontown withdrew from held by Revs. John Seithead, Jubal Hodges, and it, and at a meeting held by them at the court-house others till April, 1862, mhen Rev. It. S. Smith took were organized into a class of the Methodist Protestant charge of the parish, of which he is still (March, denomination by the Rev. Zachariah Hagan. The 1581) the rector. class was composed of the following-named members, The present vestry are Messrs. Alfred Homell, viz. : John Phillips and Polly, his wife; Joseph Phil- Judge Wilson, James A. Searight, Dr. A. P. Bowie, lips, RebeccaPhillips, his wife, and Mary Ann Phillips, John N. Dawson, George Morrison, William H. Play- their daughter; Mary Lewis (now Mrs. Mary Clem- ford, Charles E. Boyle, John Thorndell, and Thomas mer), William Ebbert, Walter Ebbert, Homell Phil- H. Fenn, of which number Mr. Alfred Howell and lips, and his wife, Eliza Phillips. Thomas H. Fenn are the wardens. In March, 1540, a lot was purchased of John Phil- There are eighty-seven communicants, eleven Sun- lips, located on the corner of Bank Alley and Church day-school teachers, and eighty Sunday-school schol- Street, and on this the present brick edifice of the so- ars. 'ciety was erected soon afterwards. The first preacher was &loses Scott. He was succeeded hy James Rob- For a period of nearly thirty-five years from the inson, William Xarshall, Joseph Burns, and others, erection of the edifice of St. Peter's Church, in Union- while the society was get served by circuit preachers. town, there hung in its tower an ancient bell, bearing The Rev. John Scott mas appointed to the charge the device of a crown and the date 1711, it having when it was first made a station. Smong others who been cast in England in that year, during the reign became pastors were George McElroy, George Brown, of Queen Anne, and by her presented to Christ - Ball, George Consway, William Wallace, - Church of ~hiladel~hia.It was used by that church Brinnell. The church is at present without a pastor. for almost fifty years, and in 1760 was transferred to Its membership is one hundred and ten. St. Peter's Church of that city, where it remained more than eighty years, being displaced in IS42 by a ST. PETER'S PROTESTAST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. chime of bells which had been presented to that St. Peter's Church edifice at Uniontown was built church. At that time St. Peter's Church building in in 1542, and being furnished with temporary seats Uniontown mas about being completed, and as the and benches (the legs of which'were made of spokes congregation had no bell, it was proposed by the sec- from old stage- wheels), mas opened and consecrated in retary of this church, Daniel Smith (who ha2 lived in October of the same year by Bishop Onderdonk. Be- Philadelphia, and mas acquainted with the fact that fore that time services were held periodically, first in St. peter's of that city had a bell not in use) that this the (old) court-house, and next in the Reformed church should make application. . for the loan of it, to Methodist Church, the malls of which the Episcopa- be returned when wanted. The suggestion mas 'acted

338 HISTORY OF BAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

on, the application made, and favorably considered by liam Numan, 1855; S. H. Thompson, 1857 ; N. H. the Philadelphia church, and the bell given in charge Turpin, 1859 ; William Ralph, 1861 ; Severn Grace, of the Uniontown church, under the following agree- 1 1864; R. A. Johnson, 1866 ; C. R. Green, 1867 ; nenc, viz. : 1 Daniel Cooper, 1868; J. W. Asbury, 1869; W. C. "November 28, 1812.-We, the undersigned, com- ' West, 1871 ; W. J. Phillips, 1872; S. T. Jones, 1874; 1)osingthe Wardens and Vestry of St. Peter's Church, W. S. Lowry, 1880, to the present time. Fayette County, Pa., hereby covenant, agree. and bind The church has now 133 members. ourselves and members of said restry hereafter to re- I turn to the vestrv of St. Peter's Church. Philadelmhia, ' ZION CHAPEL OF THE AFRICAN 31. E. CHURCH. at any time they may demand it a bell which me have A colored class of this denomination, composed of asked of them the favor of borrowing until such time five persons, was organized by the Rev. Isaac Cole- :B they ask the return of it. [Signed] John Sowers, man in the fall of 1848. The class was under a mis- H. 8.Roberts, M.D., Wardens; W. P. Wells, John sion charge, and for several years was supplied by the Dawson, L. W. Stockton, Daniel Huston. Daniel Rev. Isaac Coleman, J. B. Trusty, and T. S. Jones. Smith, Sec'y." It became a separate charge under .Rev. Charles The bell mas accordingly taken to Uniontown and Clingman. His successors have been J. P. Harner, used by St. Peter's Church for almost thirty-five years William Burley, Charles Wright, William Johnson, as above stated. In 1877 the owners requested its re- N. H. Williams, D. B. Matthew, William J. Mc- turn, and on Monday, May 21st of that year, it was Dade, H. H. Blackstone, W. A. McClure, and J. W. taken down and shipped to Philadelphia. Tirey, the present pastor. The church has at present fifty-five members. ST. JOHN'S CIIGRCH (ROXAN CATHOLIC). In February, 1857, a lot was purchased of Joseph About the year 1850 a Roman Catholic house Benson, on the National Road, east of Redstone of worship was erected on Morgantown Street, in Creek, and an old building standing on it was fitted Uniontown. The first mention which is found of its up as a house of worship during the following sum- congregation is in the communication of the Rev. mer. This was done while the church was under Malachi Garvey in 1856, when he reported sixteen charge of the Rev. Charles Wright. On the 27th of families and forty-two communicants at the Easter April, 1869, additional land was purchased and added Communion in that year. On the 5th of September to the lot, and the present brick church edifice of the in the same year Bishop O'Connor, of this diocese, society was erected on it soon afterwards. administered confirmation to fifteen persons. A branch of this church was organized at Georges In June, 1881, the Uniontown Mission and adja- Creek, and a church building was erected for its use cent districts were set off as the Uniontown District, on the Baxter farm. It is still under charge of the with the Rev. C. T. McDermott as pastor. At the Zion Chapel. present time about sixty families are in connection BURIAL-GROUNDS. with the church. In the old Methodist churchyard on Peter Street AFRICAN METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. (the most ancient burial-place in Uniontown) the In the year 1822 a class of colored Methodists was oldest slab which bears a legible inscription is that formed at Uniontown, under charge of the Rev. which stands " Sacred to the memory of Suky Young, George Bollar, a regular minister, sent out by the who departed this life the 20th of Sept., A.D. 1790, Annual Conference of the African M. E. Church. The aged 2 yrs., 1mo., 17 days." It has been stated, how- members of that class were Mrs. Hannah Burgess, ever, that a son of Jacob Murphy was buried here John Woods, Henrietta McGill, John Webster, Sarah some years earlier. In this ground mas buried John Woods, Sarah Griffin, David Lewis, Betsey Pritch- Wood, who was for many years a justice of the peace, ard, Hannah Webster, and Barney Griffin. Meetings and who died Nov. 12, 1813. Among other inscrip- mere held in the house of Mary Harman for two tions are found those of the following-named persons : years, when they moved to Joseph Allen's house, on Rev. Thornton Fleming, an itinerant preacher in the same street. the M. E. Church for sixty-one years, died Nov. 20, A lot was bought for $75, June 10,1835, of Zadoc 1846, aged 82 years. Springer, and on this lot a log building was erected Hannah, wife of the Rev. Mr. Blackford, died Oct. as a place of worship. In 1855 the old building mas 16, 1845. demolished, and their present brick edifice was erected Daniel Limerick, for eighteen years in the ministry on the same site. of the Methodist Episcopal Church, died April 25, Their preachers have been the following : Rev. - 1837. Boggs, 1825; Noah Cameron, 1826; Charles Gray, Rev. Alfred Sturgis, died Nov. 4, 1845. He had 1827; Paul Gwin, 1829; Samuel Clingman, 1832 ; been for fourteen years an itinerant preacher of the Thomas Lawrence, 1835 ; A. R. Green, 1838 ; Charles Methodist Church. Peters, 1841 ; S. H. Thompson, 1843 ; -Coleman ; The "Oak Hill Cemetery" is a burial-ground lying -Hargraves ; Fayette Davis; J. Bowman ; Wil- on the northeast side of Redstone Creek, and formed

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH. 339

of a graveyard fully ninety years old, with a later ad- upon it. The'land mas purchased of Daniel Sharp- dition. The original ground mas set apart for the nack, the deedbearing date November 5th in the year purpose of burials by Henry Baeson some time before named. A stock company mas organized and incor- 1798. An addition was afterwards made to it by Mr. porated Feb. 12, 1867, as the Union Cemetery Com- Gallagher. Nany of the old citizens of Uniontown , pany of Fayette County, with thc following-named were interred here, among whom were Aeury Beeson, , corporators: Smith Fuller, John H. Ewing, Eleazer the donor of the ground and proprietor of the town ; Robinson, F. C. Robinson, William H. Bailey, Hugh Jacob Beeson, his brother, who died Dec. 16, 1518, in L. Rankin, Alfred Howell, E. B. Wood, Daniel his seventy-seventh year; Jesse Beeson, son of Henry, Sharpnack, R. M. Modisett, Eli Cope, John 13. Me- who died June 8,1842, aged 73 years and 11 months ; , Clelland, Andrew Stewart, L. D. Beall, Daniel Kaine. John Collins, died Nov. 3,1813, aged 72 years ; Capt. Tnk company caused its grounds to be laid out in

Thomas Collins, his son, died Nor. 1, 1827, aged 51 1 burial lots, with walks and carriage-ways on the years; Joseph Huston, died March 5, 1821, aged 61 modern plan, and handsomely embellished with trees years; Dr. Adam Simonson, died Feb. 4,1808, aged and shrubbery. 49 years; Alexander McClean, the veteran surveyor, This cemetery is now the principal burial-ground who took the leading part in the extension of Mason , of Uniontown. Many tasteful and elegant memorial and Dixon7sline and in the establishment of the dis- stones are found within its inclosure, and near its puted boundary between Pennsylvania and Virginia, northwestern corner there has been erected an im- who mas born Nov. 20, 1746, and died Dec. 7, 1834.' posing and appropriate Soldiers' Monument. On his headstone is inscribed, " He was a soldier in the Revolution, a Representative from Westmore- ' FINANCIAL INSTITUTIOSS. land county in the Legislature of Pennsylvania at the The first banking institution in union- time Fayette county was established, and was Regis- ' to,Tn ,,, named " The Union Bank of PennsyIvania," ter and Recorder of this county from its orsnization , ,vhich commenced operations (though unchar- until his death. In his departure he exenlplified the tered) in the autulnn of 1812. The promoters of the virtues of his life, for he lived a patriot and died a ,project were a number of gentlemen, whose names are Christian." 1 I tembraced in the following list, it being that of the OLD BAPTIST CHCRCHYARD. first directors of the bank, viz.: John Kennedy, The ground on which the old Baptist Church and Nathaniel Breading, J. W. Nicholson, Jesse Evans, graveyard are located was purchased in the year Joseph Huston, Samuel Trevor, Thomas Meason, 1504, but it had been used as a burial-place several Hugh Thompson, Ellis Bailey, Jacob Beason, Jr., years before that time, as is shown by some of its John Campbell, Reuben Bailey, John Miller, David headstones. The earliest of these which has been Ewing, George Ebbert. found is that of Priscilla Gaddis, who died Feb. 17, The articles of association were signed May 1,1612, 1796, aged 78 years. One, marking the grave of and the bank (or rather the unchartered association Anna Gaddis, tells that she died, aged 17 years, on which so designated itself) commenced business in the 29th of March, 1796. Another, of Sarah Gaddis, October of that year, in an old frame building which gives the date of death Jan. 7,1802, age 50 years, and stood on the site of Mr. 2. B. Springer's present store. that of James Allen records his death on the 8th of By the tenor of the following letter (copied from the April, 1808, at the age of 37 years. Among those old letter-book of the bank), it.wil1 be seen that the interred here in the earlier years of the borough were amount paid in mas less than one-eighth of the nom- Levi Springer, died March 26, 1823, aged 80 years ; inal capital : Dennis Springer, died April 6, 1823, aged 75 years; Morris Morris, died Feb. 1,1825, aged 51 years; John " Usros BANEOF PENNSTLVANIA,7th Dec., 1813. ((SIR,-The Directors of this institution hare unanimously Gaddis, died April 12, 1827, aged 27 years; and bgreed to nccept the Composition mentioned in the Act of Con- Jonathan Downer, died June 8, 1833, aged 79 years. gress 'laying duties on notes of Banks, bankers, and certain The location of this old burial-ground is on Mor- Companies, on Notes, Bonds, and Obligations discounted by gantown Street, in the southmkt part of the borough. banks, bankers, and certain companies, and on bills of exchange ~f certain descriptions, passed Aug. 2nd, 1513, and I have been UNIOS CEMETERY. directed to write you on the Suhject. As we have re:'d no let- In thc year 1866 a nurnber of gentlemen, whose ter from you we are at a loss to know precisely the information names are given below, associated themselves in the thxt may be required. purchase of a tract of nearly seven acres of land This Bank went into operation in October, 1812, on a Capi- lying south of the National road, and just touching t:d of only $60,000, and declared rt dividend on the first day of at one point the northwest corner of the borough Mny last of fire per cent. An additional sale of Stock was then boundary, for the purpose of laying out a cemetery made of 4000 shares of $10 each, and on the first of November lnet a Second Dividend mwdeclared of five per cent. At pres- _ - - -_I_____-_ - ent our capital is SIU0,000 actunlly paid in. According to the 1 The stone gives Jhall bc S.i(lit.000. hr~tit is not conteml,l:~ted11y them at

310 HISTORY OF PAPETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

this time to m:r!ie any addition to the prescnt amount. Should NdTI06dL BAXh OF FAYETTE COUNTY. they do so, jou shall be regularly advised. Any further infor- ; runtion you rnay wish, I will with pleasure csmmunicate, and i By an act of the Legislature of Pennsylvania, ap- am, I proved Dec. 5,1857, the Bank of Fayette County was "With much respect, i incorporated. The corporators were Isaac Beeson, "Your Obt Servant, 1 John Huston, Henry W. Beeson, Armstrong Hadden, &' JORS Snrs, Cnahiel.. Joshua B. Howell, Ewing Brownfield, Joseph John- 'I HON.WM. JOXES, ''Actim~Sec'y of the T~.enatiry,U. s." ston, John K. Ewing, Alfred Patterson, William ; Bryson, Asbury Struble, Everard Bierer, Sr., Josiah The institution becatne a chartered bank in 1814, S. A]lebaugh, aenry Yeagley, Isaac Franks, Jacob under a legislative act of incorporation appro~ed Overholt, Thomas B. Searight, Jacob Murphy, Joseph March 21st in that year. On the 25th of May, 181% Hare, Joseph Heaton, John Morgan, and Farrington Cashier Sims wrote to a correspondent: :' . . . We Oglevee, The charter was dated July 9, 1858. expect in a few days to move into a new banking- The first board of directors mas composed of John house now finishing for our occupation." This is ; Huston, Daniel Sturgeon, Isaac Beeson, Everard found in the old letter-book of the bank. The new Bierer, John Murphy, James Robinson, Robert Fin- building referred to in the letter is the depot of the !. ley, Isaac Skiles, Jr., Henry W. Gaddis, J. Allen Southwest Railroad Company. It was afterwards Downer, Joshua B. Howell, Alfred Patterson, Daniel purchased by the Bank of Fayette County. R. Davidson. President, Alfred Patterson ; Cashier, W. Wilson. It has been often stated, and seems to be the gen- The first meeting of the directors mas held Aug. eral belief, that the Union Bank of Pennsylvania 16,1858, and the bank commenced business on the failed and went out of business in 1817. That this first day of September following. For about a year supposition is erroneous is shown by the matter of after opening, the business of the bank was done in the following extracts from the Genius of Liberty of the building now occupied by Z. B. Springer as a Uniontown : hardware-store. On the 19th of October, 1859, the "Notice : directors authorized a. committee to purchase the old " A meeting of the stockholders of the Union Bank Union Bank building on Main Street, at $1500. It of Pennsylvania is requested at the borough of Union- was purchased of William Crawford for $1410. While town on the 5th day of October next, at 10 o'clock this building was in process of repair the business of A.N., in order that they mag be made acquainted with the bank was done in an office where Manam-ay's the real state and responsibility of the institution. saloon now is. In the spring of 1860 the bank occu- - " By order of the Board of Directors, pied the Union Bank building, and its business con- " JOHNSIXS, Cashier. tinued to be done there for eighteen years. On the " Aug. 27, 1518." 29th of December, 1877, the directors mere aut)orized to sell the building, and it was accordingly sold, and "Ten Shares of Stock of the Union Bank of Penn- became the Southwest Pennsylvania Railroad station sylvania for sale. Apply to the Printer. as at present. after the sale, and while the bank's " Aug. 29, 1818." new building was being erected and made ready for ''Throa B4sx OF PF.NI\SIL?ANIA, occupancy, the business of the institution was done "Nay 3,1519. in a building on Broadway now owned by Dr. Smith u T~~ ~i~~~~~~~ tllis day declared a ~~~id~~d of three per cent. on the capital stock for the last six About the lst of lSi8, the bank re- nlonths, payable to the ~~~~kh~ld~~~or their legal moved to its presellt rooms in the fine brick building representatives at any time after the 13th inst. on the south side of Main Street east of Broadway. "JOHNSIMS, Cashier." In January, 1865, the bank was reorganized under the National Banking law, and became the National 'LUhrOS OF PEYSSiLT~iYIA~ Bank of Fayette County, the first election of directors "Oct 4, 1831. cry ot. ice is hereby given to the Stockholders of the I under the change bekg held on the 30th of that I month. Authorized c'apital, $150,000. Union Bank of Pennsylvania to meet on the first I Mr. Ptttterson, the first president of the institution, Monday of November next, at the bauking-house in I resigned Jan. 4, 1865, and was succeeded by John the borough of Uniontown, at which time and place K. Ewing. Mr. Wilson, the cashier, resigned Aug. 20, a statement of the affairs of said bank mill be laid be- I 1868, and C. Nutt became his successor. The fore them, in conformity to the 10th article in the act A. I present (1881) officers of the bank are the following : of incorporation, passed 21st March, 1814. ' Directors, John K. Ewing, E. B. Dawson, John M. " BESJAXIS BARTOT,Cashier." Hadden, James T. Gorley,-, John H. lKcClelland, The exact date of the final closing of the bank has 1 James B. Wiggins, Henry W. Gaddis, Smith ~uller; not been ascertained, but it is certain that it was not Daniel Downer, Alfred Howell ; John K. Ewing, long after the date of the above notice. president ; A. C. Nutt, cashier.

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH. 341

FIRST YATIOBAL BASK OF UNIONTOWN. ' right, rejignkd, and was succeeded by M. H. Bowman. ' The banking-rooms of the institution are on the In April, 1854, a private banking-oEce was opened corner of Arch and Main Streets. The present offi- in Uniontomn by Mr. John T. Hogg. Prior to that 1 time, and after the closing of the old Union Bank of 1I cers of the bank are : Directors, Eming Brownfield, president ; Thomas Pennsylvania, the financial business of the borough 1 H. had heen done principally with the Bank of Browns- , Fenn, William McCleary, James Robinson, Daniel Huston, James A. Searight. ville. Mr. Hogg7s bank at Uniontown (he had also M. banks at ~ro\v&lle, Connellsville, Mount Pleasant, Cashier, H. Bowman. Bedford, Somerset, and other places) was opened at DOLLAR SAVIRGS-BANK OF UNIONTOWS. the place where Nrs. Smith's millinery-store now is, This bank commenced business Jan. 1, 1870, with in the Tremont building. W. Wilson was its first the Ron. A. E. Willson as president, and Armstrong cashier. In August, 1858, he resigned to accept the Hadden as cashier. Upon the election of Mr. Will- cashiership of the Bank of Fayette County, and son as judge of this district in 1873 he retired from James T. Redburn succeeded him in Xr. Hogg's the presidency of the bank, and was succeeded by bank. Soon afterwards the bank passed into posses- Robert Hogsett, Esq. In October, 1872, C. S. Seaton sion of Isaac Skiles, Jr., by whom it was continued was appointed to the cashiership made vacant by the as a private institution until 1864, when, in confor- death of Nr. Hadden. Xr. Seaton remained cashier mity with the provisions of the National Banking until April, 1878, when he retired, and was succeeded law, it became the First National Bank of Union- by Henry McClay, who had previously been teller. town, with a paid up capital of $60,000, increased The business of the bank closed July 19,1878. Jan. 1, 1872, to $100,000. The corporators of the National Bank mere Robert FAYETTE COUNTY MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE Finley, C. S. Seaton, Jasper M. Thompson, Eleazer COMPANY. Robinson, William Hurford, Isaac Skiles, Jr., James This company was organized Sept. 2, 1844, the T. Redburn, Hiram H. Hackney, and John Wilson ; corporators being Isaac Beeson, John Dawson, Al- articles of association dated Jan. 2, 1864. The bank fred McClelland, Andrew Byers, William B. Roberts, . commenced business May 3, 1864, in the banking James T. Cannon, Ewing Brownfield, John Huston, rooms which it still occupies on Main Street, west of Robert T. Flenniken, Daniel Kaine, James Piper, Norgantomn Street. The first board of directors was Samuel Y. Campbell, and Everard Bierer. Isaac composed of Messrs. Skiles, Robinson, Seaton, Thomp- Beeson mas chosen president, and Daniel Kaine secre- son, Redburn, and Finley. President, Isaac Skiles, tary. Jr.; Cashier, James T. Redhurn. In January, 1870, During the first year of the company's business Jzmper M, Thompson was elected president, and in fifty-three policies were written, aggregating a risk of the following May Josiah V. Thompson was elected $107,000. The total amount of risks from the organ- cashier dn the death of Mr. Redbnrn. ization of the company in 1844 to Jan. 1,1881, was The present officers of the bank are : $5,259,505. Total number of premium notes taken, Directors, Jasper M. Thompson, president; George 3317, aggregating $144,260.21. W. Litman, Hiram H. Hackney, William Hopwood, The present board of managers is composed of E. Charles E. Royle, Joseph M. Campbell, Charles S. B. Damson, Thomas Hadden, William Hunt, Wil- Seaton, William H. Playford, John Wilson; cashier, liam Beeson, John K. Beeson, Ewing Bromnfield, J. V. Thompson. John T. Harah, Adam C. Nutt, Edward Campbell, A new and commodious banking-house is to be James S. Watson. erected during the present sumnler (1882) for the use URIONTOWB BUILDING AMD LOAN ASSOCIATION. of this bank, the property known as the "Round On the 2d of Spril, 1870, a number of citizens con- Corner," on Main Street, having been purchased fbr vened at Skiles7 Hall, in Uniontown, for the purpose that purpose. of organizing the above-named association. Officers THE PEOPLE'S BANK OF FAYPTTE COUNTY. were elected as follon~s: President, Jasper M. Thomp- This bankcwas chartered March 21, 1853, the fol- son ; Secretary, A. ,C. Nutt ; Treasurer, John H. lowingnamed gentlemen being the corporators: S. RlcClelland ; Directors, John H. Miller, A. M. Gib- A. Gilmore, Alfred Homell, C. E. Boyle, William son, J. A. Laughead, John K. Ewing, W. H. Bailey, JlcCleary, Eli Cope, J. D. Roddy, Ewing Bromnfield, D. 3%. Springer, and Hugh L. Rankin. E. 31. Ferguson, J. H. McClelland, J. A. Searight. On the 18th of April a constitution and by-lams The board of directors was composed as follows: mere adopted. Section 2 of the former declares that Ewing Bromnfield (.president), Alfred Homell, James " The object of this associatibn shall be the accumula- Robinson, James A. Searight (cashier), John D. tion of money to be loaned among its members for Roddp, James Beattj-. the purchase of houses or lands, or for building or The bank commenced business July 14, 1873. On repairing the same and acquiring homesteads." the 12th of August in that year the cashier, Mr. Sea- There has been no change in president or treasurer

342 HISTORY OF PAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. - -- I since the organization. 9.C. Nutt, secretary, resigned mas conferred upon twenty-nine applicants ; the 31. I April 27, 1872, and mas succeeded by William H. M. degree was conferred upon twenty applicants ; and Hope, who resigned ;March 31, 1877, when Benjamin in addition to that four M. M.'s were admitted to Campbell, the present secretary, mas elected. I membership, so that at the end of the Masonic year The association did not purchase any lands, but I the lodge numbered fifty-two members. The first one loaned money exclusively to members and for build- ' entered mas William Thorndell ; the last one entered ing purposes until December, 1876, when provision that year was Dr. Smith Fuller. Su accession of mas made to make loans for other purposes, and to forty-two members during the first eight months was parties not members of the association. surely encouraging to the brethren who labored earn- Below is given the amount of loans made by the estly for the success of the lodge. association in each of the seren years next follow- On the 29th of July, 1850, John Irons, the W. M., ing its formation, viz. : died of cholera. On the afternoon of the 30th the From April, 1870, to April, 1871, 817,882.11. brethren assembled to pay the last "tribute of re- " " 1871, " " 1872, 16,373.03. spect" to their much-beloved Master, and with the '( " 1572, " " 1873, 20,252.00. honors of Freemasonry they consigned his body to (i " 1873, " " 1874, 35,051.29. the earth. c< " 1874, " " 1875, 20,401.02. The labors of the lodge were continued under the 'I I‘ 1875,c LL 1876, 37,144.31. control of the following brethren, who served as Mas- ic : ; " 1876 ' " 1877, 48,018.88. ters Robert Boyle, for the pear 18.5142 James L. Bogh, 1853 ; Moses Shehan, 1854; Zalmon Ludington, Two-thirds of the last amount mas cash paid to stockholders in cancellation ofshares, which from 187'7to the IS.% ; George W. K. Xinor, 1856 ; Thomas Semaw, present time hat-e been gradually drawing to a close. 1SGi-58 ; James H. Springer, 1859 ; Daniel Smith, 1860-62 ; Thomas Semans (re-elected), 1863-67 ; SOCIETIES AND OKDERS. George TV. Litman, 1868; Thomas Semans, 1869; A Masonic lodge mas chartered in Uniontown Charles E. Boyle, 1870; William Hunt, 1871; Wil- April 2, 1802, with the follorving-named officers: liam C. Snyder, 1872; P. N. Hochheimer, 1873-74; Abraham Stewart, W. M. ; George Manypenny, S. S. 31. Baily, 1875-76 ; D. J. Hopwood, 1877. W. ; Christian Tarr, J. W. ; John Van Houten, Tyler. Since the organization of this lodge there hare been This lodge continued until 1817. elected six members who served as treasurer of the lodge : S. Bryan, for the years 184549 ; R. M. Modi- LODGE, No. asD N.1 LAUREL 215, F. 9. sett, 1850-51 ; William Thorndell, for ten successive This lodge was instituted June 30, 1828, under rears, from 1852 to 1861, inclusive; John S. Harah, charter granted by the R. W. Grand Lodge of Penn- for the years 1862-66 ; Thomas Hadden, 1867 ; John sylvania, June 2,1828. Its first officers were Thomas S. Harah, 1868-75 ; C. H. Rush, 1876 ; .Tohn S. Harah, Irwin, W. M.; L. W. Stockton, S. W. ; Gabriel Evans, 1877, and re-elected for 1878. Fourteen *members J. W. ; William Salter, Treas.; N. Hampton, Sec. served this lodge as secretary during the period of The lodge existed for a short period only, closing its thirty years from the organization of the lodge: work Feb. 11, 1831. John Keffer, for the year 1848 ; Robert Boyle, 1849 ; :FAYETTE LODGE, KO. 228, F. MD -4. M.1 Richard Huskins, 1850-51; R. M. Wodisett, 1852; Upon the petition of John Irons, Zalmon Luding- \Villiani Seldon. 1833; James H. Springer, 185457; ton, James Piper, John Keffer, P. T;. Hook, John Williani B. McCormick, 1838 ; Jesse B. Ramsey, 1859 i\lcCqen, William Doran, Moses Shehan, Rev. S. E. 41; George W. Litman, 1862-63; Thomas A. Hal- Babcock, and Samuel Bryan, the R. W. Grand Lodge deman, 1864-65 ; William E. Beall, 1866 ; William of Free and Accepted Masons of the Commonwealth R. Sen~ans,1867 ; William E. Beall, 1868-72; Wil- of Pennsylvania granted a warrant or charter to open liam H. Hope, 1873-75; P. M. Hochheimer, 1876- a lodge in the borough of Uniontown, to be known as 77. The fee for initiation and membership was $16 Fayette Lodge, No. 228. John Irons to be first W. until April, 1852, when by instruction of the Grand M. ; Zalmon Ludington to be first S. W.; James Piper Lodge it was advanced to $19.25, w11ic.h remained un- to be first J. TV. changed until the year 1865, when SSO'was made the On the second Monday of April, 1848, the first reg- constitutional fee until the year 1870, when another ular meeting was held ; nine petitions for degrees and :dvance of $10 was made, making $40 the constitu- membership and two for membership were presented. tional fee. The fee for the admission of a M. M. to Of the eleven petitioners ten were admitted and one membership %-as$2 until the adoption of the by-laws withdrew his application'. From April 10th until St. of 1868, nhen it was changed to $5. The yearly dues John's day, Dec. 27, 1848, thirty-nine meetings were Iiare been $3 until Jan. S, 1877, when by the adop- held, and during that time the E. A. degree was con- tion of an amendment to the by-lams they were ferred upon thirty-eight applicants; the F. C. degree chauged to $4. During a period of thirty gears from the first organ- PI.CDXT~I~J.1'. X. II,wiil~~~i~~ier. , ization there was paid into the treasury of this lodge

UNIOSTOWN BOROUGH. 343

- - From initiation fees ...... 85'319.25 G. H. P. for the Western District of Pennsylvania, to " admission fees ...... 10i.00 LC dues ...... 6195.S2 convene the petitioners and constitute them into a --- cha~terof R. A. Masons. which he did on the 15th Total ...... 812,222.07 day of Map, 1849, when Union R. A. Chapter, No. Of this sum was paid out 165, was duly constituted and its officers elected, viz.: For Charter and Grand Lodge dues..... $2595.42 P. U. Hook, H. P.; William Searight, K.; John .L Ct~~rity,etc ...... 10!41.07 Irons, S. ; William Thorndell, Treas. ; Richard Hus- " Sundry expenses ...... G964.74 -- Bins, Sec. Total ...... 810,05i.23 The work of this chapter mas carried on until St. John's day, Dec. 27, 1555, after which date the chap- and in addition to this sum there was expended the ter remained in a dormant state until the 15th day of sum of $500, of which no account can be given, April, 1572, ~1-1iena sufficient number of members making the total espenditure $11,757.23, or $391.91 convened, and by authority from the Grand H. R. A. per year. Chapter of Pennsylvania resuscitated Chapter NO. Past Master Zalmon Ludington was the only one 165, and elected officers who hare successfully carried of the charter members whose name remained upon on the work. The officers for the pear 1881 are the roll of members at the end of thirty years from Thomas Brownfield, H. P. ; Andrew J. Gilmore, K. ; the establishment of the lodge. Redding Bunting, 31%~Banm, S. ; IfTilliam B. McCormick, Treas.; P. Thomas Semans, Charles S. seaton, George H. Thorn- 31. Hochheimer, Set. dell, and Robert Britt became rilembers of the lodge in 1848. ST. OIIER'SCOMJIASDERY, KO.3, KSIGHTS TEJIPLAR. During the Masonic year of l%S, Brother Thomas Organized at Uniontomn, Dec. 14,1853, under char- Semans, W.M., the lodge seems to have been aroused I ter granted by the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania. from its dormant state, and at the stated meeting The first officers were: Eminent Commander, John March 8th twenty-six members were suspended or Bierer ; Generalissimo, Andrew Patrick ; Captain- espelled for non-payment of dues. Since the organ- 1 General, William Thorndell, Jr. ; Prelate, James ization of the lodge two members after due trial have , t Piper; Treasurer, TITilliamThorndell, Jr. ; Recording beer, suspended for unmasonic conduct. Scribe, Richard Huskings. The commandery was Fayette Lodge has furnished members for the organ- discontinued Oct. 17,1854, but mas afterwards revived ization of King Solomon Lodge at Connellsville, and and removed to Bromnsville. Vallev Lodze, Masontown. Kind and fraternal feel- 1 .d ings have ever existed among the members of this lodge toward the members of the several lodges in USIOSTOWN COXXASDERY, No. 49, IiSZGHTB TENPLAR. this county. , This commandery was chartered May 13,1874. Its From information gathered from the records of the first officers were Nathaniel A. Baillie, En~inentCorn- lodge and the correspondence of tile different D. D. 1 mander; Charles Ef. Rush, Generalissimo; William . G. JI. of this &sonjc district, we find a continuous 1 Hunt, Captain-General ; William C. Snyder, Prelate ; effort has been made on the part of these officers to , Clark Breading, Treasurer; William H. Hope, Re- impart the work and ritual as tallght in the Grand corder; Silas If. Bailey, Senior Warden ; William T. Lodge of Pennsylvania, and their labors have not / Moore, Junior Warden; John F. Gray, Standard- been in vain ; the work, ritual, and landmarks of Free-I Bearer; J. Austin Modisett, Sword-Bearer ; Thomas masonry as practiced in this lodge are strictly in ac- Brownfield, Warden. The present ofiiCers are Philip cordance with the teachings of the Grand Lodge of 1 3'f. Hochheirner, Eminent Commander; Thomas this great jurisdiction. / Brownfield, Generalissimo ; Andrew J. Gilmore, Cap- The officers of the lodge at present (1851) are : TV. tain-General ; William B. McCormick, Treasurer ; M., John W. Wood ; S. W., Calvin Springer ; J. W., / William Hunt, Recorder- The present ntmber of Armor S. Craig; Treas., Wlliam B. PcCor~nick;I members is ttVenty-three- Sec., P. M. Hochheimer. The number of members , is seventy-seven. I FORT XECESSITY LODGE, SO. 254, I. O. O. F. ( Instituted Aug. 6, 1847. The first officers of the UNION R. A. CHAPTER,NO. 165. lodge were Samuel Bryan, PIT. G. ; 31. Keely, V. G. ; A petition mas forwarded to the Grand Holy Royal , H. W. S. Rigdon, Sec. ; M. Runion, Asa't Sec. ; D. Arch Chapter of Pennsylvania, signed P. U. Hook, / Clark, Treas. The lodge first met in Madison Col- John Irons, S. E. Babcock, William Searight, Daniel , lege building, afterwards in Bryant's building, and Sturgeon, and John McCune, praying that a charter I now holds its meetings at its rooms in Concert Hall be granted them to open and hold a chapter of Royal 1 Block. The present membership is eighty. The offi- Arch Masons at Uniontown. 1 cers of the lodge for 1581 are C. D. Comer, N. G.; The Grand Chapter, hating taken favorable action Martin L. Reis, V. G. ; Joseph Beatty, Sec. ; John 8. upon said petition, directed S. McKinley, Esq., D. D. Harah, Treas.

HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

FATETTE F:SCASIPME.\I', Xu. SO. I. 0 0. F. TV. Jfarjhal, Eli Trnly : Inner Guard, Samuel Miller; Chartered July 31, 1848. The first officers of the Sentinel, James Carter. encampment were Daniel Bryan, C. P. : James Piper, The present (August, 1881) officers are: TI'. C. T., H. P.; H. W. S. Rigdon, S. Mr. ; D. Marchand William 4. Henry ; JV. V. T., Jfary E. Truman ; W. Springer, J. W. ; James A. Morris, Sec. ; James 3fc- Secretary, Joseph B. Jackson; W.F. Secretary, Mary Dermott, Treas. ; David Clark, S. The present offi- V. Baxter ; W. Treasurer, James Carter; W. Chap- cers are Thonlas Thorndell, C. P.; Alonzo Nabors, lain, Eli M. Cury ; JV. Narshal, Thomas J. Brooks, I S. W. ; Peter Lape, J. W. ; P. &I.Hochheimer, Scribe ; ' Inner Guard, D. F. Baxter ; sentinel, Dennis Carter. W.H. TViIlielm, Treas. The membership now numbers thirty-five. MILLS AND IIANUFACTORIES. I TOSSALECKA LODGE, Fo. 365, I. 0. 0. F. One of the oldest landmarks, as it is also the most This lodge mas chartered June 18, 1849, and organ- ancient of all the manufacturing establishnlents of ized on the 11th of July following. with the following- Uniontown, is the old mill building, still standi~ig,in named officers: James Piper, N. G.; Daniel Smith, the western part of the borough, near the Main Street V. G. ; John K. Fisher, Sec. ; William Bartou, Jr., bridge over Beeson's Run. This building, known in Ass't Sec.; Robert T. Gallomay, Treas. The lodge later years as the Phozn~sCement Mill, was built in has now (1881) a membership of seventy-sis, and its or about the :-ear 1784, and fitted up as a grist-mil1 officers are Levi 8. Gaddis, S. G. ; John M. ~annan, with the machinery and fistures of the older mill of V. G.'; Alfred Howell, Treas. ; 11.'. EI. Wilhelrn, Sec. Henry Reeson, mhich stood near the present Gallatin Avenue bridge, and which mas then discontinued. ROYAL AIlCASUY COUSCIL, So. 3SS. The mill (built, as above mentioned, about 1784) Organized in September, 1879; chartered Xay 3, was continued as a grist- and flouring-mill for more 1880. The officers for 1881 are P. M. Hochheimer, than eighty years, but finally, in 1868, was discon- Regent; Stephen E. Wadsworth, V. R. ; D. H. tinued as such, and converted into a mill for the Backus, Sec.; M. H. Bowman, Treas. The number manufacture of hydraulic cement. The old building of its members is thirty-four. is in a much better state of preservation than could MADISON LODGE, No. $19, K. or P. be expected from its great age. The charter of this lodge dates Dec. 10,1873. The 1 The flouring-mill of W. & J. K. Beeson, located charter members were G. W. K. Minor, H. Delaney, near the confluence of Campbell's or Beeson's Run J. M.Hadden, J. W. Wood, J. S. Roberts, J. S. Bread- and Redstone Creek, is on the site of Nathaniel Mit- ing: G. B.Rutter, L. Francis, J. D. Moore, and George chell's old tiit-hammer shop and scythe-factory, mhich H. Thorndell, Sr. The present membership of the have been mentioned in preceding pages. The prop- lodge is forty-six. The officers for 1881 are Florence erty came into possession of Isaac Beeson, who put . Barnett, ChanceIlor Commande~; William Jeffries, 1 in machinery for the manufacture of cement from V. Chancellor ; R. S. Reis, Prelate ; Joseph M. Had- material quarried on the north side of Campbell's den, 31. of Exchequer; Albert G. Beeson, Master of Run. It was operated for this purpose by him and I Finance ; George B. Rutter, Keeper of Records and his son Charles until the death of the latter. In Seals ; Levi Francis, Past Chancellor. 1867 it was sold to Henry R. Beeson, who changed W1LL.F. STEX.4RT POST, No. lSO, G. A. R. / it to a flouring-mill. Afterwards it passed to William Beeson, the present owner. This post of the Grand Army of the Republic was I organized May -30, 1550, with twenty charter mem- A woolen-factory was erected on Campbell's Run, bers. The membership at present numbers forty- i on the site of the John Miller tannery, in the south- three. The officers are Henry White, Past Com- I west part of the borough, and was in operation for mander ; Albert G. Beeson, Post Commander ; James some years under the proprietorship of C. C. Hope Collins, James C. Whalley, Vice Commanders ; John , and others, but was never very successful financially, H. Marshall, Chaplain ; A. M. Litman, Quarternias- and mas finally destroyed by fire. ter; George B. Rutter, Adjutant; John Nicholson, I Quartermaster-Sergeant. The post meets in the hall ' in Miller's building. The Uniontown Flouring-Mill, now owned and- I operated by L. W. Reynolds, is the successor of a mill RISISG STAR LODGE, No. 533, I. 0. G. T. built about 183s by Mr. Huston, from Naryland. It This lodge was organized June 21, 1880, by George mas afterwards used for several years as a distillery, Whitsett,, and the following-named olEcers were then I and was finally destroyed by fire, being at that time elected and installed : W.C. T., P. C. Baster ; W.V. T., ; the property of Col. Israel Painter. The present Miss M. V. Jackson; W. Secretary, Joseph B. Jack- flouring-mill was erected by Jacob Murphy and Wii- son ; W. F. Secretary, Susan Moxley ; IV. Treasurer, liam S. Barnes. In IS63 it was purchased by L. 0. William Albert Henry ; W. Chaplain, C. A. Jenkins ; I Reynolds. After his death in 1879 it came into pos-

TJSIOSTOWN BOROUGH. 345

___C__- ______------_--I-p- -- session of his son, Lyman W. Reynolds, its present 1 mill, Messrs.' Laughead, Hadden & Co. conduct a owner. 1 general store in a zwo-story building twenty bp seventy feet. The Union Foundry, located at the corner of Mor- UNIONTOWN GAS-WORKS. gantown and Foundry Streets, mas started in 1540 by The Uniontown Gas and Water Company was in- E. Robinson. In 1861 it passed to the proprietorship corporated by an act passed March 26, 1859. This of Jaquett & Keffer, by whom it was operated till act was supplemented by one approved April 2,1868, October, 1877, when the present proprietor, Mr. and in June of the latter year the company was organ- Thornas Jaquett, assumed entire charge and manage- ized, mith Dr. Smith Fuller as its president, and T. B. ment. The business of the establishment is the man- Searight, secretary and treasurer. Dr. Fuller, Col. T. ufacture of stoves, plo~vs, gratea, and cascings of B. Searight,. and E. B. Downer Kere constituted a nearly every description. The store-room and office committee to open books and receive subscriptions. of the foundry are located on Jlorgantown Street. The amount of fifteen thousanci dollars was subscribed, The Red-tone Foundry and >lachine-Shop, located 1 and at a meeriug of stuckholders held un the 10th of on Pittsburgh Street, was established by Richard Mil- , July, T. B. Searight, Alfred Howell, J. H. 3IcClellan, ler in the year 1846. Some time afterwards Ur. Mil- i E. B. JVoods, and Ewing Brownfield were chosen ler admitted his son as a partner, and the firm of 1 managers, and a constitution and by-laws adopted. 3Iiller & Son carried on the business till lS'76, when After organization, the subscriptions to the stock it was succeeded by Henry Delaney. In 1879 the not being paid in, John H. Miller, Jr., of Grafton, establishment passed to the management of Frank- W. Va., proposed to build gas-works at his own ex- enberrp & Moore, the present proprietors. They pense, provided the company would transfer its powers manufacture coke-oven fronts, car-wheels, stoves, ~ndfranchises to him. This offer was accepted, and grates, hollow-ware, and all kinds of castings and egislation was procured (Narch 26,1869) authorizing light machinery. Their foundery has a capacity of ,he transfer to Mr. Miller, with the proi-iso that he melting and casting about twelve thousand pounds of :hould not charge for gas a price exceeding two dollars metal weekly. The building occupied is two stories ~ndfifty cents per thousand feet, unless-he mas com- in height, having a depth of one hundred and ten )elled to purchase coal at a price above twelve dollars feet, and width of thirty-six feet. A twenty horse- )er one hundred bushels. He soon after built the power engine is used, and a number of skilled work- vorbs (located on the creek near the Broadway bridge) men are employed. is proposed, and operated them for the manufacture )f gas until May S, 1872, when Eleazer Robinson, of The planing-mill and wood-working factory of Uniontorrn, purchased the works. He carried on the Laughead, Hadden & Co. is the largest and most im- ~usinesstill 1876, when his son,'William L. Robinson, portant of the manufacturing establishments of Union- ~ssumedcharge and still continues to supply gas to town. It was built and put in operation in October, ;he people of Uniontown. lS6'7, by Fuller, Laughead & Bailp. On the 28th of June, 18'70, the firm of Fuller, Laughead, Baily & Co. POPULATIOX. succeeded to the business. In May, 1875, the firm- The popula'tion of Uniontomn borough by the name of Fuller, Laughead &- Co. was adopted. The United States census of lSSO was : present firm, composed of James A. Laughead, East Ward ...... :...... l5S2 Thomas Hadden, John \IT. Sembower, and Dr. Smith West " ...... 16S3 Fuller. all members of the old firm mith the exception- I Total ...... 3265 of Hadden, succeeded to the business, adopting the ! Since the -taking of that census, however, the re- style and title of Laughend, Hadden & Co. nlarkable business activity and prosperity of the town The mill building, fitted up throughout with new I and surrounding country has brought s corresponding and improved machinery, is two stories in height, increase in the population of the borough, which at and corers an area of ground forty by sixty feet. At- the present time (January, 1852) is estimated to be tached to this is a wing twenty-tso by forty feet,. The ! fully four t,llousand. boiler-house and engine-house are each twenty-two by ) I twenty feet. A forty horse-power engine is used, and , -. --. -- from forty to eighty workmen are employed in the ) manufacture of doors, sash, blinds, etc., and in the j BIOGRAPITICAL SKETCHES. erection of buildings, etc. During the past summer -- this company erected sixty-one buildings. As.both the Southwest Pennsylvania and the Baltimore and IION. DASIEL STURGEOX. Ohio Railroads pass over the five acres of ground Hon. Daniel Sturgeon, "the Silent Senator," who owned by the company,.they enjoy escellentehipping , was born in Adams County, Pa., Oct. 27, 1779, and facilities, and are constantly shipping lumber, etc., to / died at Uniontown, Fayette Co., July 2, 1878, in the

all sections of the country. In connection mith their eighty-ninth year of his age, ' was of Scotch-Irish

346 HISTORY OF FXYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. - Presbyterian stock, his grandfather having come war under Gen. Scott, being Lieut. John Sturgeon, of from the north of Ireland and settled in Adams Company H, Second 'egiment Pennsylvania Volun- County some time early in the eighteenth century. teers, n.110 died in Pueblo, Mesico, in the campaign, He graduated at Jefferson College, Washington on the 18th day of July, 1548. County, and mol-ed to Uniontomn in 1510 to study medicine with Dr. Benjamin Stevens, a man of note in his day. After finishing his studies in medicine he COL. EWISG BEOWFFIELD. commenced practicing his profession in Greensboro'. Among the venerable men of Fayette County, iden- Greene Co., and remained there a year, after mhicll. tified particularly wit11 Uniontown for a period ex- Dr. Stevens meanwhile dying, Dr. Sturgeon returned tending from 1805, when, as a chi!d of two years of to Uniontown to take his place, and n-ent into prac- age, he was brought by his parents to Fayette County, tice there. He was chosen by hi3 fellow-citizens to to the year of this writing (1882), a period no less represent them in the Legislature of the State in its than se\-en years more than what is commonly counted session of 1819, and was continued in his capacity of " the allotted age of man," stands Col. Ewing Brown- representative for three terms. In L'3" he was field, in the vigor of well-preserved old age, and, if elected a member of the hie Senate, and served ill his old-time neighbors are to be credited, without a the important position of Speaker duritlg the Year* stain upon his character for general probity and 153-229. His manly bearing and strict illtegrity of uprightnessin his business dealings through life. He character secured hini the post of auditor-general ot \YRS born near Winchester, Va., Sept. 7, 1803, of the State under GOI-ernorwolf in 1830, at lvhich he Quaker parentage. Thomas Brownfield, his father, kerved for six years. He was State treasurer in the brought his family to Uniontown in the year 1805, years 1838-39, and was in 1840 elected United States and at first rented and afterwards bought the White aenator for the term comnlencing March 4,1839 (the Scvan Tavern, which he conducted till he died in Legislature having failed the session before to elect 1S.79. Ewing grew up in the old tavern, enjoyed the in consequence of" the Buckshot war"). He was re- advantages of the common schools of that day, and elected in 1845, and served till 1551. In 1853 he was , when become of fitting years assisted his father as appointed by President Pierce treasurer of the United clerk and overseer of the hotel until the father's States Mint in Philadelphia, and held that respon- death, when, in 1830, he and his brother John, now sible trust until 1858, mhen he retired from public a prominent citizen of South Bend, Ind., formed a life. Among Dr. Sturgeon's contemporaries in the partnership in the dry-goods business, of which more cnited States Senate were Webster, Clay, Calhoun, further on. Benton, Wright, Buchanan, William -Allen, and In early manhood Col. Brownfield conceived a great Simon Cameron. love for military discipline and display,-" the pomp Dr. Sturgeon was a man of commanding stature, of and glory of the very name of war,"-and in a time of majestic presence,- profound peace, when he was about twenty years of age, was one of the first to join a Union volunteer '$ The corubirmtion and the form indeed Where every god did seem to eet his sea1 company at that time organized. It is one of Col. TO give the world assurance of a man." Brownfield's proud memories that upon the occasion / of Gen. Lafayette7svisit to Albert Gallatin, at N~K He was a sturdy actor rather than talker, and I Geneva, in 1825, he, with several of his companions though a fluent and graceful colloquist, made no pre- , in arms, went on horseback, as military escort, to the tense even, as a public speaker. In the Senate, where residence of Mr. Gallatin, and were delightedly re- he did good work on the committees, and commanded , ceived by the latter gentleman and his renowned high regard for sterling good sense and integrity, he 1 guest. About that time there came into Uniontown made no speeches, and received the sobriquet "the ' a certain Capt. Bolles, a graduate of West Point, who Silent Senator." He was a man of great decision of I formed a military drill squad, of which Brownfield character, and in 1838, while State treasurer, broke mas a member. Under the tutelage of Capt. Belles, up the Buckshot war" by stubbornly refusing to Brownfield became proficient in company drill, also in honor Governor Ritner's order on the treasury for I battalion and field drill, etc. After the formation of ~20,000to pay the troops, setting guards about the the First Regiment of Fayette County volunteers, Treasury arid personally overseeing them. about 1828, CO~.Brownfield, then a private, became In 1814, Dr. Sturgeon married Miss Kancy Gregg, a ' an independent candidate for major of the regiment, daughter of James Gregg, of Uniontown, a wrchant, and was elected over three strongly supported candi- and Sancy Gregg, who survired her husband about dates. Holding the position for two years, he nTas fifty years, reaching the age of eighty-seven years. I thereafter, on the resignation of Col. Evans, elected Mrs. Dr. Sturgeon died in 1836, at the age of forty- colonel himself without opposition, and continued ill two, the senator never remarrying, leaving five chil- i the colonelcy for five years, receiving from Maj.- &en, four sons and a daughter, of whom three sons Gen. Henry W. Beeson, at that time a military re dead. Of these, one took part in the Mexican I authority of high repute, the distinguished compli-

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH. 347

- --- ment implied in the following voluntary plaudit be- I in WesternbPennsylrania. He remained at college stowed upon his regiment, namely, " The First I three years, and leaving it went to V7est Kewton to Fayette County Regiment of ~olunteersisamong the study medicine with Dr. John Hasson, a leading very best field-drilled regiments in the State." physician of Westmoreland County. He read medi- In 1832 he and his brother dissolved the partner- cine vc-ith Dr. Hasson for two years, and then took a ship before referred to, Ewing continuing the busi- course of lectures at Jefferson Medical College, Phila- ness till 1836, when he " went West," and settled in delphia, concluding which he located in Uniontown i\Iishawaka, Ind., again entering into the dry-goods / in the spring of 1840, and entered upon the practice business. But owing to the malarial character of the of medicine, which be pursued, developing great skill locality in that day, he decided to leave the place I and laying the foundation of his exceptionally envi- after a fern months, and returned to TJniontown, able reputation as a physician until 1846, when he n-here, in 1837, he resumed the dry-goods business. , returned to Jefferson Uedical College, took further In the same year he bought a house and lot on the , courses of lectures, and graduated in 184'7. The emi- corner of Main and Arch Streets, tore away the old r nent Robley Dunglison and Prof. Pancoast were building, erected a new one, and there conducted his prominent professors of the college at that time. favorite business, continuing in the same from that Dr. Fuller returned to his Uniontown home, where date to 1862. In the latter year he disposed of his 1 he has ever since been located, enjoying an extensive dry-goods interests, and from that time to 1872 was practice. In his early practice physicians were few engaged, for the most part, in the wool business. In in Fayette and adjoining counties, and he was often

' 1873 he was elected president of the People's Bank, , called on to visit patients twenty-five miles distant ~~hichposition lie now holds. from Cniontown. Col. Brownfield was married in 1842 to Miss Julia ' In early life a Democrat, Dr. Fuller co-operated A. Long, daughter of Capt. Robert Long, of Spring- actively with the National American party in 1856, field township, Fayette Co. They have had three and on the organization of the Republican party children,-Robert L., Anna E., and Virginia E. united with it. In 1860 he was a member of the Na- Robert, a graduate of the Sheffield Scientific School tional Convention at Chicago which nominated Abra- of Yale College, Xew Haven, Conn., is now a pros- ham Lincoln for President. In the same year he mas perous merchant of Philadelphia; Anna E. grad- elected to the State Senate from Fayette and West- uated at the Packer Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y., and moreland Counties ; and after the expiration of his is the wife of William Huston, a wholesale merchant term as senator was nominated by the Republicans of Pittsburgh ; Virginia died on the 14th of May, as representatire in Congress; ran against Hon. John 1872. L. Dawson, then running for a second term, Dawson .- -.- - - -- .. - -- being declared elected by a majority of sixteen (in a strongly Democratic district). Dr. Fuller contested SMITH FULLER, M.D. the seat, but unsuccessfully. Dr. Fuller, a gentleman of high repute in his pro- Aside from his profession, he has been largely en- fession, on all hands conceded to be the leading phy- gaged in business, notably in tanning for the mhole- sician and surgeon of Uniontown and a wide district sale trade in Georges township, Fayette Co. He has thereabouts, as well as a manly man among the man- never united with any sectarian religious organization, liest in the various walks of life, is the son of the late though looking with favor upon all practical means John Fuller, of Connellsville, a tanner by trade, and of promoting good morals. a leading politician of his locality. He mas three Dr. Fuller was twice married. His first wife was times a member of the Legislature of Pennsylvania, Miss Elvina Markle, of West Newton, whom he mar- and mas a member of the Constitutional Conrention ried in 1839, and who died in the early part of 1848. of the State in 1838, and died in 1865, at the age of He nextmarried, in 1849, Miss Jane Beggs, of Union- seventy -nine. town, with whom he is now living. By his former Dr. Fuller's mother was Harriet R. Smith, a daugh- wife he had three children,-a son and two daughters, ter of the distinguished physician, Dr. Bela B. Smith, -all of whom are now living. By his second wife a native of Hartford, Conn., and who practiced medi- he has had five sons, three of whom are now living. cine at West Newton, Westmoreland co., for fifty Three of his sons are practitioners of medicine and years, and died about 1835, having accumulated a one of lam. large estate, principally landed propert%, through the practice of his profession. ROBERT IJOGSETT. Dr. Fuller was born in Connellsville in 1818, and Robert Hogsett is the most remarkable man in in early childhood attended the common schools of Fayette County in this, that he has wrought out by Connellsville (then a town of about 1000 inhabitants), his own unaided efforts a larger fortune than any till about the age of fifteen, when he was sent to Wash- other citizen of the county. Others may possess ington College, an institution then embracing about more wealth, but cannot sap as Hogsett can, " I made one hundred students, and the chief seat o! learning it all myself."

HISTORY OF PAE'ETTE COUNTY, YEXNSYLVANIA.

I Robert Hogsett mas born in Menallen township, below Uniontown, n~hich he refitted and operated. Xarch 2, 1820. His father, James Hogsett, was a This mill is still standing and doing work. Robert north of Ireland man, and emigrated to Smerica some Hogsett went with Strickler to Vance's mill. He time during the early part of the present century. drove the team that hauled the machinery from the There was nothing about him to distinguish him from burnt mill to Vance7s,a work that occupied him many his fellow-men, and he died in North Union township, days. Joseph Strickler had the misfortune to lose near Uniontomn, about the year 1850, going out of his eyesight. After he became blind lie removed to the world as he had lived in it, a poor but honest the State of Missouri and died there. ,Mr. Hogsett man. He did not live to see his son take as much as 1 always speaks in kind terms of Joseph Strickler, and the initial step towards that distinguished rank in I says he was a good man. business and financial affairs which Ire now admittedly I While engaged in the milling business, Mr. Hog- holds, but he left the world peacefully for all that, 1 sett, by reason of exposure to all kinds of weather, confidently believing that all his children mould be , contracted quinsy, a complaint that pains him with able to hold their own in life's great battle. Robert I periodically recurring attacks to this day. He re- Hogsett's mother was a daughter of Robert Jackson, ' mained mith Strickler eight years, and until he of the old Jackson family of Menallen township, reached the age of twenty-five. During this period who organized Grace Church, near Searight's, the I1 his wages never exceeded one hundred and twenty oldest Episcopal Church in the county. At the early I dollars per year, a rate, however, which at that age of twelve years Robert was hired out to work for i day was considered high for labor. After quitting such persons as would employ him, and for such the service of Strickler he went to work for Xrs. rwges as could be obtained for him. His first en- Sampey, the widow of James Sampey, of Mount gagement mas with Job Wheatley, a farmer, living Washington. His duties under this engagement about one and a half miles northwardly from Sea- mere to manage the large mountain farm upon which right's. He remained with Wheatley but a short old Fort Necessity is located; to make all he could time, doing such work as is within the scope and out of it for his employer, and likewise to superin- power of a twelve years old boy. Upon quitting tend the hotel at that place, over which Mrs. Sampey Wheatleg's service he went to breaking stones on the presided as landlady and hostess. Thiq hotel mas a old National road, a common thing with boys, and ssage-stand at which the " Good Intent" line of stage- men as well, at that day. There are many old men coaches, running on the National road, kept relays in Fayette County who when boys and young men of teams, and passengers freq'uently stopped there for broke stones on the old pike. Young Hogsett re- meals. There were nine stage-teams standing at the mained on the road wielding the well-remembered Nount Washington stables all the time. Mr. Hogsett little round napping-hammer every day for five years, engaged but for a single year with Mrs. Sampey, and and until he reached the age of seventeen, breaking in the year cleared for her and paid over to her the from two to five perches of stones a day, at twelve handsome sum of four thousand dollars. Now Hog- and a half cents (called a "levy") per perch. Be- sett had reached an age at which he was ambitious to coming tired of the monotony of the napping-hammer, own something himself. His first thought after re- he entered into an engagement with Joseph Strickler, solving to make a home for himself that he could who was running "the old Evans mill" on the farm, call his own mas to obtain a good wife. And here or rather large plantation of Col. Samuel Evans, in the genius of good luck first perched upon his banner, North Union township. Besides running the mill and led him to moo and wed a daughter of John Strickler farmed a portion of the Evans land. Strick- F. Foster, of North Union township. Mr. Foster ler mas quite a prominent and active business man in owned a small but productive farrn near Uniontown, his day,and ;as among the first men of Fayette and Robert Hogsett, soon after his marriage, rented County who gare attention to the feeding of cattle this fltrm and set up ror himself and his wife. He for the Eastern markets. The Evans mill was de- operated this farm as tenant of his father-in-law for stroyed by fire while Robert; Hogsett was serving for about two years, and then bought it. It contained Strickler, but at the time of the burning Hogsett was one hundred acres, and was the first real estate that not working in the mill, but on the Evans farm at Robert Hogsett ever owned, and he owns it to this farm-work. While in the mill, Hogsett for the most day, and lives within a few steps of its boundaries. part had charge of the engine, but his duties were This purchase was made about the year 1848. multifarious, and he did many things in and about It will be seen that at this date, while Nr. Hogsett the mill, such as carrying bags of grain from wagons, had displayed indomitable energy and industry, as placing grists on the backs of horses and tossing boys well as close economy, his earnings were inadequate upon them, and starting them home to gladden their to the purchase of a farm even of small proportions parents' hearts mith fresh NO. 1 flour and the nsual and at a small price, the best average farm in Bayette allowance of bran and shorts to make slop for the County at that time rating only at about fifty dollars cows. After the Evans mill burnt down Strickler per acre ; .and that was the price he paid for the farm bought Vance's mill, on Redstone Creek, three miles of his father-in-law. But owing to the relationship

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH. between the grantor and grantee, the latter, of course, lusiness talent to be wasted on a twelve-mile branch. obtained favorable terms. His industrious and eco- Ie is now, however, a director in the Southwest Rail- nomical habits, however, soon enabled him to acquire oad Company, a position he has held. from the first a sufficient sum of money to pay for this farm in full, ~rganization of that company. Soon after the con- when he got his deed, and stood forth for the first truction of the Fayette County road,abore mentionc d, ti me a freeholder. When he comrilenced farming for le purchased the Isaac Wood tract of land, near himself .as lessee on his father-in-law's land, his whole dount Braddock, a iargk farm underlaid with the nine- outfit consisted of two poor horses and one old sled. oot vein of coking coal. He moved on to this farm As he pushed along he added to his stock, and soon md lived on it a number of gears, leaving the old became the owner of an ordinary farm team. It was Foster farm in charge of one of his now grown-up sons. his practice at this period to haul the grain he raised He subsequently purchased the Jacob Murphy farm, into the mountains and sell it to the tavern-keepers ~djoiningthe Wood farm, and also underlaid with on the old National road, which mas then a crowded ,he big vein of coking coal. Here he erected coke thoroughfare; and such indeed was the practice of )yens, and operated them a number of years with his nearly all the farmers in the neighborhood of Union- :ustornary success. He recently sold these works ton-n and many portions of Fayette County. md the coal adjacent for a large sun1 of money, suf- The National road furnished a ready market for all Bcient of itself to constitute an ordinary fortune. kinds of farm produce, and the mountains being remote He next bought the Judge Nathaniel Ewing farm, from the rich agricultural lands better prices were ob- me mile north of Uniontown, on which he at present tained there than " in the settlement," as the region resides. Altogether, he is at this time the owner of west of Laurel Hill was called. After disposing of a four thousand eight hundred acres of land, twelve load of grain the farmer proceeded with his team to hundred of which lie in the county of Logan, Ohio, of Cnmberland, and returned with a load of merchandise excellent quality for farming and grazing. He has to Brownsville or Wheeling, for the transportation of t.hree thousand six hundred acres in Fayette County, which he obtained remunerative prices, and thu-3 was all of the best quality of farming land, and underIaid enabled to make profitable trips. It was always con- with the celebrated Connellsville vein of coking coal, sidered an indispensable matter to secure what was except eight or nine hundred acres of mountain range. called a "back load." Farmers thus employed were He is also the owner of a one-half interest in the called " sharpshootew," a term used to distinguish Lemont Furnace, which has a daily capacity of forty them from the " regulars,'' as those were called who tons, and he personally manages the affairs of this fur- made transportation a regular business. Robert Hog- nace, in addition to bestowing careful attention upon sett was therefore called a " sharpshooter," but he his extensive farming and stock-raising interests. little heeded "nicknames" so long as he pursued an And this colossal fortune was made in a few years by honest calling and obtained an honest living. He a man who started out in the world with nothing to was utterly oblivious to everything but the accomplish. assist him but willing hands, a clear head, and an ment bf his aims and purposes, always pursuing them, honest heart. Robert Hogett is small in stature, and however, with the strictest regard for honesty and wears a full beard. While he is not a member of any propriety. church, he is temperate and exemplary in his habits. It may be said that the turning-point of Mr. Hog- He never indulges in profanity, nor does he use sett's wonderfully successful career was his marriage tobacco in any form. All his life he has followed with Miss Foster and the purchase of her father's the precept of the maxim, " Early to bed and early to farm. After that he moved forward slowly and rise ;" and if the practice of this precept has not made cautiously at first, but always making his points with him healthy, it has at least made him wealthy and certainty. Honesty, industry, and frugality were his wise. Without opportunity of going to sch'ool in dominant characteristics, and these when combined early life, as has been seen, his education is limited rarely fail to bring success to any man who has the to the rudiments of book learning, and he has prob- good fortune to possess them. ably never seen the following lines, although his For many years after he became settled on his own career is a perfect illustration of the truthfulness of homestead Robert Hogsett devoted himself exclusivelg the sentiment they contain, ~iz.: to legitimate farming and stock-raising pursuits, which "The heights by great men reached and kept brought him large profits, owing mainly to his judi. Were not xtt4ained by sudden flight, cions management. In 183849, when the first railroad But they, while their companions slept, was built to Uniontown, called the Fayette Countj Were towering upwards in the night." road, he took a contract for construction, and com. Robert Hogsett is utterly indifferent to the gilded pleted it with characteristic energy and promptitude signs of fashion and fancy. A brass band on the and upon thecompletion of the road, atthe nrgentsolici, street makes no more impression upon him than the tation of the directors, he consented to serve as super, murmurings of the rivulet that threads its course intendent, a position he held but a short time, no through one of his rich meadows. He pays no atten- fancying the railroad business, and possessing toomucl tion to "side-sho~vs," but neyer misses the "main 23

350 HISTORT OF FATETTE COUIUTP, PESRSYLVANIX~ - . -- .- .. . - .- -. --- -. chance." It must not be inferred from this, however, 1 Detroit, Nich., he traveled on foot to his relatives in that he is lacking in hospitality or generosity. On 1 Westmoreland County, Pa. Here he married Leah the contrary, he lives well, and no man greets or en- I Blarkle, the youngest of the twenty-two children of tertains his friends with warmer cordiality. When i Gssper Markle, who settled in Westmoreland prior to at home, released from the anxious cares of business ( 1760, coming from Berks County, Pa., where his father engage~nentsalmost constantly pressing upon him, : had settled in 1703, having upon tlie revocation of he delights in receiving the calls of his neighbors and ' the Edict of Nantes fled from Alsace in 1686 to Am- friends, and derives pleasure in talking witli them on 1 sterdam, where he engaged in business until he took the common topics of the hour. With all his good ' ship for America. fortune he has suKercd one sad misfortune, the death ; After 11is.marriage A. F. TIiompson returned'with a fern years ago of his wife, Jane Foster. But Provi- , his wife to his Kentucky home, where his youngest dence, as if unwilling that the even current of his ! son, Jasper Markle Thompson, mas born, near Wash- s~tccessful life should seem to be broken orper- ington, Mason Co., Aug. 3C, IS12 Mr. Thompson's turbed, sent him another wife in the person of Susan ' father and mother both dying before he was three Allen, onc of the most excellent ladies of Fayetto I years old, he was taken to Mill Gro~e,\Vestmoreland County. 1 Co., Pa., and lived several years with his gmnd- mother, &ry 31arkle (diose maiden name was Roth- ermel, of mhich family is P. F. Rothermel, who has JrlSPEIl MARIiLE TIIOJIPSOS. achieved a national reputation as an artist tlirough The character and remarkable career of Jasper his great painting, the " Battle of Gettysburg"). Aftcr Markle Thompson, now and since 1870 president of her death, in 1832, lie lived with his cousin, Gen. the Firat Xational Bank of Uniontown, may, per- Cyrus P. Jlarkle, for eightcen years. While with haps, be best illustrated by a brief recital of tlie his- Gen. Markle he worked on the firm, at tlie paper- tory of his immediate progenitors, from whom he mill, in the store, sold goods, kept books, etc., till evidently inherited the elements of the vigorouq but April, lS.50, when he moved to Redstone township, modest character which he has manifested through- Fayctte Co., and purchased part of "the Waiters out his career in life. He comes of an ancestry on farm," two miles from Xew Salem, and lived there both the patern:rl and maternal sides-the one Scotch- until September of the same year. He then removed Irish, the other Pennsyluania Dutch-who were driven to the farm on whjch he now lives, two miles and :L from the lands of their birth because of their relig- half from Uniontown, in Menallen township, and ious convictions, and fbund a refuge in the colonies farmed and dealt in live-stock until 1862, when he of America, in the province of Penn, early in the n-as appointed collector of internal revenue for the eighteenth centurq.. His paternal grandfather, like Twenty-first District of Pennsylvania, the largest dis- many other of the Scotch-IriA Presbyterians of the trict in theFtate esrept those of Pittsburgh and Phil- Cumberland V:illey, desiring to stand upon the fron- adelphia. He was afterwards appointed receiver of tiers of civilization, drifted westward to Westmore- commutation money for the aame'district, and in this land County prior to the Revolutionary war, and capacity collected and paid over to the government took up a tract of land in the vicinity of Mount over $450,000, in addition to some $2,000,000 collected Pleasant. His wife was Mary Jack, a d:iughter of as internal revenue, having collected over $100,000 John Jack, a gentleman who was prominent, with tax on whisky in one day. Heheld two commissions others of his family, in drafting and uttering the as collector from President Lincoln, and resigned his Hannastown Declaration of Independence in 1775. post under the latter one after holding it for over A new field of operations was about that time opened four years. to men of strong arms and unflinching courage, and He was one of the original stockholders (1SG3) of he determined to meet the red man on his own battle- the First National Bank of Uniontown, of which he field. Inclination, if not duty, pointed to the choice is now president, and has been a director since the soil of Kentucky, and Mr. Thompson's grandfather, organization of that institution. He mas nominated together with his wife, and about a half-dozen fam- as the Republican candidate for representative to the ilies, nearly all immediate relatives, pushed their way Legislature in 1873, but hesitated to accept the nomina- through the wilderness, and joined Boone in his ag- tion, as it was generally thought there was no chance gressive conflict, and continued companions in the of electing a Republican candidate in a county which struggle till possession mas established. There the usually gives one thousand Democratic majority, but grandfather of Mr. Thompson passed the remainder finally consenting, was elected by one thousand and of his life, dyii~gin Mason County, where his young- thirty-one majority, his opponent on the Democratic est, son, Andrew Finly Thompson, father of Jasper ticket being Col. Alexander J. Hill. He was one of Markle, was born in 1791. Andrew and his three the first directors of the Uniontown and West Vir- older brothers served through the war of 1812, An- ginia Railroad Company, and after the resignation of drew being taken prisoner on the occwion cif Hull's G. A. Thomson was elected president. He has also surrender. Being released, near the present site of been president of the Uniontown Building and Loan

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH. 33 1

Association from its organization to the present time, 24, 1807, and was of Scotch-Irish descent. His re- it having a capital of two hundred thousand dollars; mote immigrant ancestor settled in Lancaster County, also was one of the originators of the Fayette County Pa. His grandhther was John Patterson, who came Agricultural Association, and has been president into Fayette County from Dauphin County at an thereof from its organization. He has been a mem- early day and took up his abode in Xenallen town- ber of the Presbyterian Church of Uniontown for ship. He had a large number of children, most of over thirty years, a ruling elder for about twenty whom eventually became scattered in the then far-off, years; was cornmissioner from Redstone Presbytery growiug West. But John, the father of Alfred, re- to the General dssenlbly of the Presbyterian Church mained upon the old homestead until Alfred was sev- which met in Albany, 3. Y., in 1863, and again at eral years old, when lie sold the farm and purchased Madison, Wis., in 1880, and is a director in the West- a plantation near Wellsburg, West Virginia, whereon ern Theological Seminary of the Presbyterian Church he lived until his death. at Allegheny City, Pa. John Patterson, who married Rebecca Oliphant, Mr. Thompson was married in 18-16 to Eliza Ca- had four sons and four daughters. Of the sons, An- ruthers, youugest daughter of Samuel Caruthers, of drew 0. Patterson became the once-noted Rev. Dr. Semickly township, '\Vestmoreland Co., Pa., a ruling Patterson of the Presbyterian order; and Thomits M. elder in the Presbyterian Church of Sewickly, and a physician, who settled in Louisiana and acquired whose mother, Catharine Potter, was the daughter of great wealth; John E. died young; and of Alfi-ed Lieut. .JoLn Potter, and sister of Gen. James Potter, we are to speak more specially farther on. The the intimate and trusted friend of Gen. Washington daughters all married and died in middle life. in Pennsylvania during the Rerolutionary war. Mr. Allkecl mas brought up in boyhood on the farm in Thompson has two daughters, who received their edu- Menallen and on the plautation near Wellsburg, and cation at tlie Female Seminary in \Vasllington, Pa. mas carefully instructed and finally sent to Jeff'erson The oldest, Ruth A., was n~arriedin 1875 to Dr. J. T. College, Washington County, and graduated hoin Shepler, now of Dunbar. The second, Lenora M., that institution about 1828. He then studied law, was married to John A. Niccolls, a merchant, in and was admitted to the bar in Westmoreland County, 1873, and resides at Irwin Station, Westmoreland Co. and soon after moved to Uniontown, where he entered He has also tlvo sons,--\iTillian1 31. and Jo~iahV.,- upon the practice of his profession, which he pursued who graduated together from Washington and Jeffer- with such zeal and marked ability that he rapidly rose son College, at Washington, Pa., in 1871. IVilliam to the leadership of the bar of tlie county, which he con- lives with his father, and manages his farm of over tinued to hold during his residence in Fayette County. six hundred and fifty acres. The younger, Josiah V., Having while residing in Uniontown acquired large was chosen teller in the First Xutional Bank of business interests in Pittsburgh, he removed to that Uniontown in April, 1572, and elected cashier in city about 1865and organized the Pittsburgh National 1877, when twenty-two years of age, and now holds Bank of Commerce, and mas elected its first president, this position, this bank doing the largest banking and was chosen president at all its successive elec- business done in the county, and being one of the tions of officers while he lived. most successfi~l. Mr. Patterson was as distinguished as a business Mr. Thompson was one of the successful presidential man as he had been as a lawyer. KOeulogy here could electon (on the Republican ticket) in the campaign add to the brightness of the fame he enjoyed when of 1872, rbulting in Gen. Grant's second election. living, or monody fitly sound the regret with which Blr. Thompson in his youth attended only the all nrho knew him received the announcement of his common schools, but with a sagacity and foresight sudden death. commendable, as his success in life has demonstrated In 1834, Mr. Patterson married Miss Caroline White- to the consideration of the youtK of the present day, ley, daughter of Col. Henry Whiteley, of Delaware, improved his spare hours of daylight, and occupied and who died May 7, 1869.' They mere the parents most of his nights not devoted to sleep to acquiring of seven children,-Henry W., who in 1866 married what knowledge he could through books. Miss Louisa C. Damson, daughter of Hon. John L. Damson, of Fayette County, and who died in 1575, leaving a son, Henry W., and in January, 1880, mar- ALFRED PATTERSOS. ried Miss Anna T., daughter of George P. Hamilton, Among the now departed sons of Fayette County Esq., of Pittsburgh ; Mary C.,wife of George Dawson, tlie lives of whom shed upon her a special lustre, was a native of Fayette County, now residing in Louisiana; the eminent lawyer and cultivated gentleman, Alfred Catharine W.,who died in infancy ; John Eussell, Patterson, who died in Natchitoches, La., when on a who mas drowned in the Rlonongahela River while visit to his daughter there, Dec. 16, 1878, he having skating about 1858, aged twenty-two years; Virginia, reached her residence only three or four days before wife of William H. Baily, residing in Minneapolis, his death. Minn.; Elizabeth, wife of Samuel H. Jacobus, of Mr. Patterson was born in Menallen township, Dec. Allegheny City ; and Ella R., of the same city.

392 HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIB.

ALFRED HOWELL, ESQ. came into possession. He caused the tract to be duly Prominent among the lawyers of-Fayette County surveyed and laid out into building lots, and so con- stands Alfred Howell, for a period of thirty-five years ducted his enterprise as in the course of a few years identified with the interests and progress of Union- to erect a prosperous and desirable village, with town, where he resides. Mr. Howell is a native of churches, public schools, etc., upon what was before, Philadelphia, and was born in the year 1825, of Qua- and but for his business foresight and energy would ker stock, both his paternal and maternal ancestry have remained, merely an uninhabitable portion of tracing their lines through the time of William Penn an old farm. He has occasionally engaged in the back for an indefinite period among the Quakers of purchase and sale of real estate, particularly dealing RTales. Benjamin B. Howell, his father, then a mer- in coal lands, .with profitable results, and taken active chant, removed with his family to New York Cfity in part with others in supplying the county with local the year 1830-31, where young Howell wa: sent to pre- railways, which have been the means of developing paratory school, and eventually, at the age of fourteen, the treasures of rich coal-mines and of otherwise en- entered Columbia College, and there continued until hancing the wealth of the county. well advanced in the sophomore class. Meanwhile Mr. Howell became a communicant, in his early his father had quitted merc!landise and entered upon manhood, of the Protestant Episcopal Church, and the development of iron and coal industriesnear Cum- has ever since continued active connection there- berland, Md., having enlisted with himself several with, and occupies the position of senior warden. English capitalists. Having occasion to visit Eng- Mr. Howell was, in the year 1P53, united in mar- land on business, he took passage, in March, 1841, riage with Miss Elizabeth Jennings Damson, daughter on board the ill-fated ocean steamer " President," of Mr. George Dawson, of Brownsrille, Fayette Co. which foundered at sen, no tidings of her or any of Mrs. Howell died in 1869, leaving six children, one her human cargo having ever been had. The sudden of whom, a daughter, died in 1878. Of the five now and great calamity of the loss of his father necessi- living, the elder son, George D., is at this time (1882) tated young Homell's withdrawal from college, after a member of the senior class of Trinity College, which he soon entered as a student at law in the office Hartford, Conn., intending, after . his graduation of Graham & Sandfords, counselors-at-law and so- there, to study law with his father. licitors in chancery, a distinguished firm, the Sand- fords aftern-ards having been both elevated to the bench. With these gentlemen, and their successors HON. CHARLES E. BOYLE. in partnership with Mr. Graham, Messrs. Murray Charles E. Boyle, one of the most prominent mem- Goffman and Joseph S. Bosworth (both subsequently bers ofthe FayetteCounty bar, was born in Uniontown, becoming judges), Mr. IIon-ell remained till 1845, Feb. 4, 1836, znd is the son of Bernard Boyle, whose enjoying the good fortune of the eminent tutelage of father, also Bernard Boyle, emigrated from Ireland. this remarkable combination of legal talent, when he Mr. Boyle, the father of Charles E., died near New migrated to Uniontown, and finished his legal studies Market, in Virginia, when Charles mas only three in the office of his uncle, Joqhua B. Howell, then a years old, leaving a family of four children, of whom leading lawyer, and mas admitted to the bar in 1847. Charles E. was the youngest. In his boyhood he at- In 1851 he entered into partnership with Mr. Howell, tended the common schools, and also fora time Madi- and continued with him until the fall of 1861. when son College, and thereafter took a course of studies in Mr. Howell, having raised the Eighty-fifth Regiment Waynesburg College, Greene County. Pennsylvania Volunteers, and being commissioned While attending school Mr. Boyle spent some~hat its colonel, entered into the mar of the Rebellion, of his time in and about the print~ng-officeof the wherein he became exceptionally distinguishecl, and Cumberland Presbyterian, and picked up the art of was killed near Petersburg, in September, 1864, by setting type at nine years of age, and thereafter fol- being thrown from his horse in the night-time. lowed the business of printing at times previous tu After Col. Homell's entry into the army, Mr. Hom- attending Waynesburg College, on his return from ell succeeded to the business of the partnership, aud which he engaged in the same business in the office has ever since continued the practice of the lam, of the Genius of Liberfly. At twenty years of age he ~onductinga large and laborious business with con- became owner of a half-interest in that paper, and scientious fidelity to his clients, earning honorable three years later the sole owner, and alone conducted distinction and a goodly fortune. it for a year, and sold it to E. G. Roddy in February, He has been more or less engaged in important 1861. While proprietor of the paper Mr. Boyle was business enterprises, among which may be men- entered as a student at law in the office of Hon. Daniel tioned the projection, in 1866, about what was then Kaine, and was finally admitted to the bar in Decem- known as Dawson's Station, on the line of the Pitts- ber, 1861, and immediately entered into partnership burgh and Connellsrille Railroad, of a village, now with Mr. Kaine, continuing with him till the spring incorporated as the borough of Dawson, on a tract oj of 1865. The firm enjoyed a practice second in im- land there lying, and of which he about that time portance to none in the county.

UNIONTOWN BOROUG R. 333

In 1862, Mr. Boyle was elected district attorney for sale, as is generally understood, a considerable for- Fayette County for the tern1 of three years, before the tune each. Mr. Boyle is a solicitor of the Baltimore expiration of which.he was elected by the Democratic and Ohio Railroad Company, and retained counsel of party a representative to the General Assembly of nearly all the great coke and furnace companies of Pennsylvania, and re-elected the follo~ringyear, serv- Fayette County, which companies operate capital of ing in the sessions of 1866-67. In the latter session millions of dollars. he was placed upon the Committees of Ways and Mr. Boyle was married in 1858 to Miss Mary Hen- Means, the General Judiciary, and Federal Relations, drickson, of Uniontomn, by whom he has had seren the leading committees, the House being then two- children, six of whom are living,-four sons and two thirds Republican. The session was a stormy one. daughters. Legislation in Pennsylvania at that time, just after the war, ran wild. Laws mere enacted en nrasse. Mr. Boyle strenuously opposed that kind of legislation, WILLTAY R. PLAYFORD. and at the close of the session his Democratic fellow- William H. Playford, in addition to the rep- members presented him with a complimentary service tation of being an excellent counselor and ad~ocate, of silver, a testimonial of his acknowledged political enjoys popular distinction as the ablest criminal law- leadership. For several years after the close of his yer at the Fayette County bar, is the son of Dr. Rob- legislative services in 1867, Mr. Boylesuffered constant ert W. Playford, who practiced medicine at Browns- ill health, but nevertheless paid diligent attention to ville, Fayette Co., for a period ofover forty years, being the practice of his profession, and was active iu poli- very successf~d,partic:ularly as a surgeon, his prac- tics. He had been a member of several State Conven- tice extending into adjoining counties. Dr. Playford tions of his party prior to that of 1867, of which latter was a native of London, and a graduate of Eton he was made president. This convention nominated College, England. He died in 1867, at the age of Judge Sharswood, now chief justice, for judge of the sixty-eight. About ten years after his arrival in this Supreme Court. In 1868, Mr. Boyle was nominated country he married Nargaret A. Sham, of Fayette by his party as its candidate for auditor-general of County. the State, the Republican party at that time having William H. Playford, who is one of three children, put in nomination Gen. Hartranft. Hartranft was --one of whom, Dr. R. W. Playford, is now practic- declnred elected by a majority of about nine thousand ing medicine in Veuango County,--was born in in a vote of six hundred and fifty thousand. Mr. Bromnsville, Aug. 31, 1834, attended the common Boyle mas temporary chairman of the Democratic school of his town, and at about fifieen years of age State Convention in 1871. In 1872 he mas a candi- was sent to Dunlap's Creek Academy for two years, . date for nomination to Congress from the Twenty-first where he made studies preparatory to entering the District, composed of the counties of Westmoreland, sophomore class of Jefferson College, Canonsburg, in Fayette, and Indiana ; and also in the years 1874-76, 1851, and graduated from that institution with hon- and 1878-SO, for the same numerical district, then ors in 1854. In the fall of the same year he went composed of Fayette, Westmoreland, and Greene South, and took charge of Waterproof Academy, Counties, and on each occasion carried against ear- Tensas Parish, La., for one year, on conclusion of nest opposition his own county, Fayette, by majori- which he returned home, and entered the office of ties successively increasing, but failed to secure the Judge Nathaniel Ewing, of Uniontown, under whose romination of the district, it going to one or other of direction he studied law until September, 1857, when the other counties. Mr. Boyle was a member of the he mas admitted to the bar, and began the practice of Democratic National Conventions at St. Louis in the law. In 1859 he mas elected by the Democratic 1876, and at Cincinnati in 1880, in both of which he party district attorney of Fayette County for the supported the nomination of Gen. Hancock. term of three years, wherein he distinguished him- In avocations of life other than professional, Mr. self. Including the war years 1861-62, as it did, the Boyle has also had his full share of duties to perform term was an unusually laborious one. and received his meed of honor. He is one of the State Since 1862 he has been connected with nearly every managers of the West Pennsylvania State Hospital, important criminal case in the county. His first im- appointed by a Republican Governor ; has for a num- portant case after 1862 was the widely noted one of ber of years been a vestryman of St. Peter's Protest- Henry B. Blallaby, charged with murdering Joseph ant Episcopal Church, and a director of the First Na- Epplp at a political meetiug in Smithfield, Fayette tional Bank. Co., in 1863, important on account of the political In 1871, Judge A. E. Willson, Hon. TV. H. Play- partisanship evinced in the trial. Mr. Playford aided ford, and Mr. Boyle became the owners of a body of the Commonwealth. valuable coal land in Tyrone ton-nship, where they A remarkable case in which Mr. Playford mas en- erected works and engaged in the manufacture of gaged for the defense was that of Mary Houseman, coke until the spring of 1880, when they sold a part charged with the murder of her husband in 1866, Mr. of the property to H. C. Frick & Co., realizing by the Playford securing her acquittal after a confession in

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH. 355

Railroad, which division was completed in 1872, the ' ~enatdrSchnatterly has of late returned to rail- charter for which he had caused to be granted in the oading as a contractor in the constructior: of the session of 1871. In 1872 he was defeated as a candi- 'ittsburgh, Virginia and Charleston road, and in t.hat date for the Senate at the Democratic primary elec- lf the Southwest Pennsylvania Railroad, and has just tions by Hon. Wm. H. Playford. ompleted (March, 1862) several sections of the Red- He continued the practice of the law, and in 1876 tone Division of the Pittsburgh, Virginia and mas again elected to the General Assembly for the 2harleston Road. session of 1877-'is, and at the November election of In 1867 11e married Miss Mary Morrison, daughter 1878 was elected State senator for the Fortieth Dis- ~f George and Anna West Morrison, of Uniontown. trict, composed of the counties of Fayette and Greene, for the period of four years. In the House he served on general and local judi- GEN. SILAS MILTOX BAILY. ciary committees; in the Senate, on local, judiciary, railroad, and corporation committees. In both House The late war of the Rebellion opened a field for the and Senate, in all legislative controversies between retire exercise of talents and virtues that might other- capital and labor, he mas always on the side of the vise hare ever remained hidden in great part from the oppressed, constantly looking out for the interests of inomledge of the public under the innate modesty the laboring classes. and mas not tenderly loved by )f men of the true heroic type. Of this type is Silas the grasping m~nopolistsof Pennsylvania. \lilton Raily, now (1882) treasurer of the State of He originated the bill abolishing, under severe Pennsylvania, and who was born in Brownsville, penalties, the odious female-waiter system then in Fayette Co., in 1836, and is the son of William Baily, vogue, with all its iniquities, in the cities of the State. Esq., who migrated in childhood with his parents He mas also the projector of the Senate bill entitled ,o Fayette County from Maryland. The father of "An act to secure to operatives and laborers engaged >en. Baily, growing up, at first entered upon and for in and about coal-mines, nianufactories of iron and some years pursued the trade of jeweler, but turned steel, and all other manufactories the payment of is attention to the study of the lam, and was admit- their wages at regular intervals, and in lawful money ,ed to practice in 1845, and follows his profession in of the United States." In the session of ISSO this Uniontown. Gen. Baily's mother's maiden name was bill was passed, but was vetoed by Governor Hoyt; Dorcas Xison. She was a farmer's daughter of Georges but it was introduced by Senator Schnatterly in the :ownship. succeeding session of 1SS1, and again passed, and Gen. Bailp was mainly reared in Uniontomn ; at- then received the Governor's approval, and became tended the common schools till about seventeen years the lam. of age, and entered Madison College (now extinct), The struggle over this bill mas a test fight between and pursued his studies there for a while. Leaving capital and the interests of labor in the State. The the college he entered as apprentice upon the jewel- - senator did brave work in pushing the bill on to er's trade, which he practiced for about three years in recognition in law, and by a powerful array of facts Uniontown, and finally opened business for himself convinced a Senate at first in active opposition to in ~aynesburg,'~reeneCo., in 1858, and conducted the bill of the justice of his propositions and the the same vith success for some three years or more, necessity for the act. when, on the breaking out of the mar of the Rebellion, Another important fact in Senator Schnatterly's he "took fire," and, though without military experi- career as a legislator should not fail of record here, ence, raised a company which was the first one organ- and it is this, that he has uniformly voted for the ized in the county ;but it failed to be mustered in under largest appropriations for the public schools and the the first call for three months' troops. But its organ- public charities (a species of " demagogism" almost ization mas preserved, and it became the first com- as discreditable as his legislative warfare in favor oi pany which was duly mustered into the three years' the rights and interests of the laboring classes). He service from the county of Greene. Of this company, can well afford to be criticised for voting decent ap- called "the Greene County Rangers," Baily was made propriations for tlie blind and the maimed. The foes captain. This was Company I of the Eighth Begi- who censure him for so doing are the men who also tnent Pennsylvania Reserve Corps, and participated look upon the working classes of the State as un- in all the battles of the mar, from Dranesrille to worthy a better fate than that they suffer under. Spottsylvania Court-House, inclusive, the period of The act above referred to, looking to the emancipa- three years. - tion of labor, is now generally evaded by those whose In May, 1862, Baily was elected to the post of injustices it was intended to decrease and prevent, major of the Eighth Regiment, though not commis- but in time mill con~pelitself to be respected, when sioned till June 4th. He took part in the fight at the senator, it is to be hoped, will be sustained by Blechanicsville, the first of the Seven Days' battles, popular approval in all parts of the State in his and was on the second day, in the battle of Gaines' efforts in the cause of humanity. Mill, seriously mounded in the head,-his mound at

HISTORY OF FAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. ----- first being thought mortal,-and carried off' the field. risburg Convention which chose delegates to repre- Eventually he returned home to recruit, and recover- sent Pennsylvania at Chicago. At Harrisburg he was ing after four mollths' nursing, resought his regiment, elected one of the delegates to Chicago, representing which he met in Maryland on the 13th of Septem- the Grant wing of the party. But Gartield, instead ber, 1862, and took command, the colonel having of Grant, mas nominated at Chicago ; and in the can- resigned, and the lieutenant-colonel having lost his vass which follo~vedGen. Baily gave the best of his hearing during a battle. The nest day mas fought time, talents, and means to the support of the nominee. the celebrated battle of South Mountain, into which Sept. S, 1SS1, he mas nominated by the Republican the major led his regiment with a gallantry and in- Convention at Harrisburg for State treasurer for the spiring courage which tlie veterans love to " tell o'er" term of two years, and after a spirited campaign, in in their days of peace. The Eighth held the estrerne which Charles S. Wolfe, an " Indepeudent" Repub- left of the division. 011 Wednesday, the 17th of Sep- lican candidate, was run by the Blaine wing of the tember, 1562, occurred the battle of Antietarn, in which party, diverting a portion of the Republican votes, Maj. Baily's horse was killed under him in the famous Gen. Baily was elected treasurer in Sovember of that " corn-field fight." The battle of Fredericksburg fol- year by a "plurality" vote, but a nxiiority vote over lowed on the 13th of December. In this battle Xaj. his chief competitor, tl;e Democratic candidate, of sis Baily displayed his usual gallantry, fighting at tlie thousand nine hundred and six. head of his regiment, the division being almost torn to pieces. He was carried wounded from the field. Im- mediately after Fredericksburg, Xaj. Baily was pro- GES. JOSHUA I?LACI

UNIONTOWN BOTLOUGH.

From November, 1861, until the spring of 1862 he gallant boys with me." Gen. Howell' remained in was stationed at Washington, and meanwhile dili- command at Hilton Head until ordered to Fortress gently trained his men for the field. As a part of Monroe to join the forces of Gen. Butler in the cam- Gen. Casey's division, his command was trans- paign against Richmond. There his name soon be- ferred to the Peninsula of Virginia, and participated came a synonym for gallantry in our own army ; and in the marches, hardships, and battles of the first his noble form and whitening head mere familiarly campaign against Richmond. His first battle mas known and distinguished above all others by the foe, fought at WiIliamsburg, during the early part of by whom he was alike admired and feared. Some which, in consequence of Gen. Keim's illness, Col. time in August, 1864, he spent a short furlough in Howell commanded the brigade. On this occasion New Jersey, during which he caused to be repaired his services merited and received the distinction of and adorned the graves of his kindred there. An- special notice in the report of Gen. Peck, who com- ticipating that the war would soon end he returned manded the division. At Fair Oaks the gallant to the field, and found a part of the Tenth Corps, Eighty-fifth, under his command, sustained the con- including his brigade, with Hancock on the north flict with an overwhelming force of the enemy. In side of the James nil-er, accomplishing that diver- the subsequent retreat from the White Oak Swamp to sion mhich enabled Grant to seize the Weldon Harrison's Landing its post was for a considerable Road. The very day after Gen. Hoaell's return tlie part of the time in the rear of the retiring army rebels assailed his position with terrific fury, but and facing the exultant and advancing foe. were driven back upon their on7n works in utter clis- Upon the close of the Peninsular campaign, Col. order. Upon the return of the expedition to the Howell's health being seriously impaired, he was south side of tlie James, Gen. Wm. Birney, the urged by his medical advisers to obtain leave of ab- division commander, having obtained a temporary sence, which mas granted for twenty days, which time leave of absence, Gen. Howell mas assigned to the lie spent among the friends of his youth in New Jer- command of the division,-the Third Division of the sey. Improred, but still unfit for duty, he hastened Tenth Corps, a major-general's command,--which he back to his command, then in the vicinity of Fortress held at the time of his death. Monroe, forming part of Gcn. Peck's division. His Having occa&on to visit the headquarters of the regiment occupied Suffolk, occasionally engaging the corps during the night of Monday, the 12th of Sep- enemy in that region, uwtil the beginning of 1863, tember, 1864, he mounted his horse between the houw mhen, under command of Gen. Foster, lie was placed, of twelve at miduight-and one in the morning to January 5th of that year, at tlie head of a brigade, a return to his own quarters. At starting the horse position which he retained until the end of his ca- turned into a divergent path, and being suddenly reer. He was attached to the expedition organized checked reared and fell back upon his rider. The under Gen. Hunter against Charleston, S. C. Here general was immediately borne to the tent of the Howell with his brigade was the first to seize upon ~nedicaldirector, by whom he mas carefully esamined Folly Island, a foothold by means of which Gen. Gill- in search of eqterual injuries, but none appeared. more, mhen placed in command, mas enabled to cap- At that time he was perfectly sensible, answering the turc Morris Island, the gateway to the harbor of questions of the surgeon, declaring that he felt no Charleston. Shortly before the fall of Fort Wagner sense of pain, and freely moving his limbs as requested. he suffered a concussion of the brain from the explo- But in about fifteen minutes after his accident romit- sion of a ten-inch shell in a signal-station whence he ing supervened, the blood thrown from his stomach mas watching the effect of the firing therefrom, and bearing testimony to internal injury. A state of n~hich created an impediment in his speech with stupor immediately ensued, from which the general other symptoms of illness, constraining him to seek was never aroused, and at seven o'clock in the even- rest and recovery, which he did under a short fur- ing of the 14th of September he breathed his last. lough in Hem Jersey and at Uniontown. In closing this brief recital of Gen. Howell's mili- He returned to liis post greatly improved in health, tary life, it is but fitting to append the following lit- although there is cause for suspecting that the con- eral extract from a late letter of M:tj.-Gen. Alfred H. cussion referred to bore a potential relation to the Terry, in reply to one which had been written him final catastrophe of his life. He mas ordered with inquiring his estimate of the late Gen. Howell as a liis brigade to Hilton Head to relieve Gen. Seymour, military man. Gen. Terry's letter is dated at Fort in command of that district, including Fort Pulaski Snelling, Xinn., March 3, 1882 : and Tybee and St. Helena Islands, the approaches to " At this distance of time I canngt speak of par- Savannah. This command constituted in fact that of ticular incidents of Gen. Howell's military career; a major-general. Gen. Seynlour had been ordered to but my recollections of him as a man and an officer Florida in command of that unfortunate expedition are as clear and distinct as they mere eighteen yeam which resulted in the disaster of Olustt-e, upon the ngo. I have never known a more courteous gentle- occasion of which he publicly remarked, "This man ; I never saw a more gallant and devoted officer. would not have occurred if I had had Howell and his The record of his service mas without spot or blemiah.

353 TTISTORY OF FATETTE COUSTY, PEXXSYLVANI-%.

" In the army corps in wliich he served he was sought his advice. A statcn~entfrom his lips needed widely known and universally respected and admired. / no investigation to tcsl its accuracy. Statentents or "His untimely death was lamented by a11 his com- rumors that found credence tlirougli current gossip 1 rades as a loss mellnigh irreparable, not only to them- i he met with tliorough but not eft'usive detestation, selves, but to the country also." and those most intimately associated with him bear testi~nonyto tlie silence wit11 which he treated sub- Of Gen. Howell's personal attractions, his com- jects regarding \vhicli he had only the information of manding carriage and gracefbl mxnners, and of the rumor. He preferred to lcave the impression tliat he excellencies of his character as a private citizen, they had no knowledge of a subject rather t1ia11 give of Uniontown and Fayette County who knrw him credence. to a statenlent he did not know to be abso- will preserve lively memory while they live, for he lutely true. In this as well as in many other par- w:ls greatly admired and beloved by his friends, and ticulars Mr. Rcdburn exerted an infl~~encetliat was it is believed that he had no foes. manly, noble, generous, and self-sacrificing, and that bore most bountiful fruit tlirougli his many warm friendships throughout Fayette and adjoining counties. In his private and home life he was ever kind and watchful of the wants of others. He let not James T. Redburn was born in lIasorito\vn, Far-ette the cares or the worrinient of tlie day follow hi111 Co., El., 31:~~19, 1522, ancl was tlie son of James home to disturb the peace and quiet of liis family. Tully :ml Rebecc:~Harrison Redburn. He in early Sever of a very rugged constitution, lie was fiom lit& displayed an unusu:ll aptitude for business, and boyliood subject to occasional periods of pllgsical during sereral years of his niinority was connected depression from that dread disease, consumption, with Zdrnon Ludington in tlie leather trade at \vhich had carried away his four sisters and two Addison, Pa. In 1548 lie married Harriet Ann, brothers; yet Iic Iiad that tenacity and will power youngest daughter of Mr. Ludington, and shortly n-liich often licld him to llis desk wl~enliis strength :~fterrrmored to TVasliington, Pa., where lie em- would scarcely keep him on his feet. He was an barked in the boot and shoe trade. In IS50 he came e:trnest and consistent member and trustee of the to rniontown and reassociated liimself with Z:~lmon Methodist Episcopal Church in Uniontown, and in Ludittgton in the boot, shoq, and tanni~igbusiness, lift follorved- the Bla.ster with rercrence and godly which he carried on successfully for a number of fear. Posscsscd of a naturally kind ;tnd sympathetic years. In IS58 lie was chosen cneliier and n~anager Iicart, he was ever ready to a-sist the poor and dcsti- of the Uniontown banking-house of John T. Hogg. tute or impart cot~sulationto a sorrowing soul. His This soon after became tl~ebanking-liouse of Isaac funeral took place Friday evening, May 25, 1877, Skiles, Jr., Mr. Redburn continuing its cashier. In Rev. Dr. J. J. hloffitt and Rev. S. JV. Davis, of the 1863 lie bec:irne one of thc incorporators of the First Xethoclist Episcopal Church, conducting tlie services. National Bank of Uniontown, Pa. (wliicli succeeded Tlie pall-bearers were Eleazer Robinson, Sebmtim I. Skiles, Jr.), which opened for business May 2, Rush. Uriah Higinbotham, Jasper 31. Thompson, 1864. He was elected a director and cnsliier, to the Charles S. Seaton, William XcCleary, John Wilson, positions of which lie nas unanimously re-elected ancl Alfred Hen-ell. Mr. Redburn having lost his year after year until his death. which occurred :it his wife in December, 1860, did not marry again. Of residence in Uniontown, \\'ednesday erening, Xay his two children but one, Minnie L. Redburn, sur- 23, 1S77. He was also one of the originators of the vives him. Uniontown and West Virginia ltailroad Comp:my, and \\-:is its treasurer. He was also instrumental in starting the Uniontown Woolen Manufacturing CAPT. AD.-I;M CLARIiE KUTT. Compsny, one of the few .manufacturing establisli- Adam C. Sutt, present cashier of tlie Sational Bank ments Uniontown could boast of and now unluckily of Fayette County, is tlle son of Joseph Pu'utt, a f;w- destroyed by fire, and was treasurer of the company. mer,and Anna liandolpll, his wife,and was born on the It was, Ilo\verer, as a bank officer that James T. 8th of January, 1839. Altliough the 8th was " Kew lEedburn w:is most widely known. To the position Orleans day" and the elder Nutt a strong Democrat, of cashier and director he brought tact and wisdom he was also an ardent Methodist, and his Methodistn second to none in the county. He possessed in an then getting the better of him, the bop was named eminent degree those sterling qualities of truth acd for the great commentator instead of Andrew Jack- justice, honor and temperance: \\.liicli drew to him by son. 150th the families Nutt and Randolph migrated the most endearing ties of affection a large circle of into Western Pennbylvania from Kew Jersey, and friends wherever lie went and wherever he w:ls known were of Quaker stock. Joseph Fii~tt,the father, died throughout his entire life. Reserved, quiet. unosten- in California in 1851, when Adam C. was t~velveyears tatious, he mas dearly loved and thoroughly relied old. Tlie boy was sent to the common sclioois, and upon by tlie numerous friends and customers that for one term attended the graded school taught by L.

USIONTOWN BOROUGH. I F. Parker, in Bridgeport, in the fall of 1855, walking scholar~hip. He has contributed considerably to tlle to and from school daily, a distance of three miles beat literature of the day, and while enjoying enviable each way. There he stucliecl geometry and Latin. repute as an incisive and eAitctire off-hand and po- After private studies conducted at home, he entered litical stump-speaker, has occasionally delivered upon the preparatory department of Allegheny College, in history, education, and kindred subjects, public lec- Meadrille, in 1856, and, supporting himself by teach- tures of a character, both as to their embodied ing during the winter months, graduated from the thoughts and rhetorical methods, which places him college in 1861 with the highest honors of his class in the front rank of thinkers and writers. as valedictorian. IVhile connected with the college P.S.-Since the above went to press Capt. Xutt he paid much attention to general literature, and re- has resigned his post as cashier of the Fayette County ceived the Woodruff prize for the best essay in ttlie Bank, and has been appointed cashier of the State Philo-Franklin Literary Society on the subject pro-' treasury under Gen. Bdy, the State treasurer. Har- po~uidedfor con~petition," The Western Continent risburg will open to him a wider and more important as a field of laudable ambition." field than Ijniontown, a field which lie cannot but In the war of the Rebellion lie was connected with ably fill. a three months' company in ISCil. From October, 1862, to July 29, 1863, he served as a private soldier JTJDGE JOHN IIUSTON. in the One Hundred and Twelfth Pennsylvania Vol- John Huston was the son of John Huston, Fr., for- unteers, and from the last-mentioned date to Oct. 31, merly of Fayette County, but who removed in the 1865, lie was captain of the Third United States Col- latter part of the eighteenth century to Kentucky, ored Troops under Col. B. C. Tilghman. He partici- where the younger John was born, Jan. 2, 1'793. At pated in the siege of Fort Wagner and in operations the age of nineteen he came from his native State to on 3lorris Island until Feb. S, IS64 He went into Fayette County on a visit to his uncle, Joseph Hu- Florida under Gen. Truman Seymour in the Olustee ston, residing in the neighborhood of Oniontown, and campaign, being for a time in the brigade co~nmanded concluded to settle down there, his uncle taking him by Gen. Joseph R. Hamley. After the disaster at into business mith himself as manager of a forge and Oiustee he was engaged in the fortifications around furnace, tlie uncle conducting at that time a compar- Jacksonville, Fla., until April, 1565, and subsequently atively large business. Mr. Huston remained mith commanded the post at Lake City, Fla., until October his uncle a few years, until the death of the latter, of that year. And here may be mentioned a matter when he establisiied himself in the like (iron) bnri: 1' of national history with which he mas connected i ness, which he carried on till the year 1840, when he while at Lake City, and ~liichmay otherwise escape turned his attention priticipally to farming, then own- I record in connection with the history of Payne, ~1101 ing several tracts of land. His farming was conducted attempted to kill Secretary Seward at the time of ; mith a careful eye to all the essential requirements, the assassination of Present Lincoln. The govern- he being an excellent manager, yet so leisurely that ment wishing to fix the identity of Payne, Gen. he was wont to call himself jocularly " a lazy farmer." I Foster sent Capt. Kutt on the delicate mission of 1 He continued this style of fjrming with profitable re- visiting tlie alleged family of Pape and securing ! sults, however, until his death on May 19, 1872. the evidence; the result of his mission being the I, He was a Democrat in politics, and was elected by determining of the fact that Pi~yne's correct name 1 his party as representative to the General Assembly wns Lewis Thornton PowelI, and that lie was the son of Pennsylvania for the large district, as then consti- of a Baptist minister living about twelve miles from / tuted, in which he resided in 1835, and about 1814 L&e City. Capt. Nutt returned home in December, / was appointed by Governor Shunk an associate judge 186.5, and in April, 1866, removed to Uniontown, / of Fayette County for a term of five years, the duties where he has since resided. He read lam mith Hon. ' of which office he fulfilled. He took great interest in Daniel Kaioe, and was admitted to the bar in Decern- I the public scl~oolsand all general matters of public ber, 186S, practiced a while, and became connected ' improvement, and mas a member of the Presbyterian in 1871, as teller, with the Xational Bank of Fayette. Church of Uniontown, which he joined about 1831. County, where he has meanwhile served, having been He was director in a bank at Connellsville for a great cashier since Aug. 90, 1S78. He was Republican can- number of years, and in the Sational Bank of Fay- didate for prothonotary of Fayette County in 1881, ' ette County from its organization to the day of his and was beaten by only one hundred and eighty-seven I death. He was a large-hearted, generous man, and votes by Col. Thomas B. Searight, the Democratic can- liberzlly aided all who sought him and whom he didate, in a proverbially De:nocratic County, many 1 regarded wortlip of assistance to the extent of his leading Democrats openly voting for Capt. Nutt in j ability, particularly energetic and honorable young honor of his talents and moral worth. ' men starting out in life. Judge Huston died pos- I Capt. Kutt holds a high place among his neighbors : sessed of a large estate, which might have been much ;u a man of integrity ; but, above all, he is esteemed 1 larger but for his generous &sposition of llis money as a gentleman of large information and accurate ! from time to time in aid of others.

360 HISTORY OF FXYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVASTA.

He married in 1826 Miss Susan Millhouse, who died jtitutes him an extensive land proprietor, his do- leaving one child, Mary Ann, who became, in June, nains covering over seven hundred acres in the vicin- 1849, the mife of Rev. Dr. Elliot Swift, of Allegheny, ty of Uniontomn, all valuable alike for agriculture Pa., and died on the 25th of July, 1850. As his sec- md containing vast stores of mineral wealth. ond wife, who survives him, he married Mrs. Anna Mr. Crossland's excellent judgment of weights and If. RIcCall, whose maiden name was King, a daughter neasures is a matter of popular notoriety, and it is of Samuel King, a merchant of Uniontown, by whom aid that he can guess at any time within fire pounds he had three daughters, all of whom died before him. ~f the weight of a fat steer, which probably accounts For much of his success in the cattle business. His strength of purpose and moral firmness are remark- GREESBUBY CROSSLASD. ible, and he has never been led into the visionary Greenbury Crossland, of Cniontown, must be and impracticable. His knowledge of human nature ranked markedly among those worthy men generally IS good, he seldom erring in his judgments of men, known as "self-made," strong and individuate in ind, it is said, never making mistakes in his invest- their charact:ristics, and who build their own monu- ments in property. ments of fortune and reputation. Mr. Crossl:~cl,the Mr. Crossland is in religion an ardent Methodist, son of Elijah and Catharine Smith Crossland, was and it is due to him to add that his neiglibors accord born at Connellsville, June 16,1813, and moved with to him the virtue of believing the faith he professes. his parents to Uniontomn in 1822, where he has ever He and his mife joined the Methodist Church in since resided, having occupied his present domicile Uniontomn Jan. 1, 1845, and have both continued to . thirty-four pears. At twelve years of age he went to this time active members thereof. He has been for work at twelve and a half cents per day with George twenty-five years past a liberal contributor to the W. Miller on a hrm, where he remained a while. support of the ministry and the benevolent enter- His literary education was obtained from three or prises of the church. Not only by his great liberality, four short terms of schooling under tlie tuition of bnt through his high character as a man of probity, William Thompson and others long before the com- is he a very pillar in the church. Desiring reliable mon schools of Pennsylvania mere instituted; but information in regard to the chief characteristics of his father being a butcher and horse-dealer, young Mr. Crosaland, the writer, a stranger to Mr. Cross- Crossland got his principal training in the meat-shop land, sought one of Mr. Crossland's longtime ac- and by driving horses to the Eastern cities. quaintmces, a man of high repute, and asked him On the 1st day of January, 1833, he married Sarah for an analysis of Xr. Croslancl's character, as un- Stearns, wit11 whom he has lived happily for near derstood by him and the public, and received, after half a century. In April, 1833, he comn~encedbusi- some delay, indicative of deliberation, the foliowing as ness a butcher on a capital of twenty-three dollars, written analysis : " Moral cl~aracteristics,-Faitllful- ten of which were furnished by his wife, and has ness, honor, honesty, benevolence, and regard for the never received a dollar by bequest, or in any may rights of others. Business characteristics, -good save through his labor or business transactions. At judgment, caution, energy, perseverance, watchful- the time of his early operations as a butcher it was ness, combined with great shre\vdness and knowledge his custom to take a wheelbarrow at one o'clock in of market values. Religious characteristics,-ei~thu- tlie morning, and wheel-his mife helping liiin by siasm, sincerity, simplicity in manners and dress, pulling with a rope tied to the barrow-a side of beef charity, and single-minded~less." This being ac- from the slaughter-house to the market-house, where cepted, particularly since it is the statement of a gen- all meat was sold in those days. The first year he tleman above suspicion on account of religious preju- made three hundred dollars, and bought a log house dice for, or fraternity with, Mr. Crossland, it is here and the lot on which it stood, the latter being the one recorded as an evidence of the high honor which on which now stands the house occupied by T. J. simple straightforwardness, good sense, and energy King. may win for a man, even though not a "prophet" He continued butchering, gradually increasing in among his neighbors, in these days of irreverence and prosperity, until about 1841, when he commenced carping criticism. buying cattle to sell in the Eastern market, a business he has followed mainly ever since. For about fourteen years he mas a partner in business xith Charles WILLIAM HUXT. McLaughlin, late of Dunbar, but did not make the William Hunt is the son of Isaac Lansing Hunt business remunerative until he engaged in it alone and Hannah Lincoln, both of a direct English line of about 18.56, since which time his march has been ancestry, and both natives of Fayette County. Isaac steadily onward in the line of fortune. L. was the son of Jacob Hunt, who came fi-om Eliza- In 1847 he bought of Charles Brown a farm of one bethtown, N. J., and settled in East Liberty, Dun'on hundred and four acres, whereon lie has since lived township, where the former was born, June 25, 1791, the first purchase of the real estate which now con. and died in October, 1836. Isaac is represented to

UNIONTOWN BOROUGH. 361 -- have been a man of marked characteristics, strong ) Washington. Daniel Boone, the great Kentucky common sense, and, though not tall or large in stature, ' hunter, was also of tlie same stock. a man of great physical strength and courage, and, I Though he has led a busy life, Mr. Hunt has found though of quiet temperament, admiringly known ime to secure, through the medium of boob, a large among his compeers as " plucky Ike Hunt." How he mount of practical, general information, and is fre- mas esteemed by his contemporaries may be nnder- uently consulted by his fellow-citizens upon impor- stood by the fact that he was twice selected by large ant matters outside of his profession. His charac- majorities, county commissioner at the time when the er for veracity and business integrity is probably not caucus system mas not so much in vogue and so dom- urpassed by that of any other citizen of his town. inant as now and every one stood upon his merits. William was born in Dunbar township, White School District, Feb. 2,1836, some eight months before ELEAZER ROBINSON. his father's death, and is the youngest of eight chil- Anlong the immigrants of Fayette County, bring- dren. His mother, with the children, moved to ng and infusing into its social and business life a Uniontovn, April, 1845, where she still (ISS-?)resides hen somewhat novel element, that of the " Yankee" at the age of eighty-seven. William attended the jr New England spirit, came about 1837 Eleazer Rob- common school, and for a while Madison College, nson, an iron-founder. Mr. Robinson was born March leaving which he entered upon learning the jewelers' L, 1804, in Bethel, Windsor Co., Vt. His parents, and watch-repairer's trade in 1850 as an apprentice of Jleazer Robinson and Experience Downer, were of Henry W.S.Rigden,of Uniontown, noted for his great he old Kew England Puritan stock. In 1810 they re- mechanical abilities, and under whom he continued noved to SaratogaCounty, N. Y., where he enjoyed the for four and a half years. From 1834 to 1858 he ~dvantagesof the common schools of the times and sought and procured engagement in one of the best nade considerable progress in general studies. But jewelry establishments in the country, severally dis- n 1823, his parents then removing to Broome Conntp, tinguished for excellence in the specialties of his 9. Y., young Robinson there availed himself of tlie trade, completing a course of esperimental education, )pportunities offered by the academy in his neighbor- which has served, together with his fiue natural lood. There he devoted himself mainly to mathe- ability, to give him a more extensive and profitable natics, in which he achieved marked success, leaving repute as a skilled mechanic in his art, and, in fact, in .he academy well equipped as a civil engineer; and general, than usually enjoyed by his fellow-trades- ;bough he did not enter upon the profession of engi- men. Mr. Hunt has an inventive cast of mind, and neering, his studies there made bare served him on readily masters whatever mechanical subtleties are many an important occasion in the avocations of life, presented him for solution or difficulties to over- :specially in mechanical pursuits. On quitting the come. academy he took up the study of the law, under the Mr. Hunt returned to Uniontown in 1858, and 3irection of a leading lawyer of Binghamton, a Mr. opened a shop for general repair-work pertaining to Robinson,-not a relative, however,-and continued his trade. His business has from the start " pushed" his legal studies until interrupted by the death of his him. In 1560 he commenced putting in stock, and father (who left seven children, of w11om Mr. nobin- has gradually increased the amount of his parchases son was the eldest), which threw upon him the re- and sales, year after year, until he now does the chief sponsible care of tlie family, obliging him to quit the work of the locality, and enjoys the largest trade in lam-office for tlie practical duties of the farmer, he his line in Fayette County. varying these during a course of gears by more or less Mr. Hunt early joined the order of Freemasons, school-teaching. and is a member of the Independent Order of Odd- Eventually he became largely interested in the Fello\vs, and has filled nearly all the honorary official lumber businers ac Owego, N. Y. But there over- positions in the lodges of both orders with which he borne by disaster, caused by a great fresliet in the has been connected. Mr. Hunt has always been Upper Branch of the Susquehanna, which in a few identified with the Democratic party, but he exercises hours swept away a fortune in lumber, he with the independence on occasion, voting for a good man of buoyant energy which has distinguished his whole any yalty, as his judgment may dictate. He has life moved at once to Erie, Pa., and there engaged in served several terms in the Town Council, and been the drug business. At this business he continued efficient in carrying out policies at the time of their three years, within which time he made an acquaint- projection much objected to, but which after espe- anceship which gave direction to the course of his life rience the people approved. He is decidedly a man since then with a Mr. Jonathan Hathawny, the pat- of progress. entee of a superior cooking-stove, well remembered As recorded abore, the maiden name of Mr. Hunt's by the older inhabitants of Fayette County, and se- mother was Lincoln, and it should be noted here that cured control of the manufacture of the " Hathaway it was a Lincoln of the same stock who received Lord stoves," whereupon he moved to Pittsburgh and pro- Cornwallis' sword at Yorktown and delivered it to cured their casting there. After a while, meeting with

BISTOltY OF FAPETTE COUNTY, PENSSYLVANIA.

much loss through the destruction by fire of the foun- Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia, in 1766-67, dry wherein the stores were cast, he went to Union- Alexander being then less than twenty-one years of town in 1837, and there established a foundry, and and acting as an assistant to his elder brothers, of eventually erected a branch foundry in Washington, Fa., and opened agencies at Carlisle and elsewhere, opening of the Land Office, April 3, 1569, for all of which were conducted yery successfully for some years. Finally Mr. Robinson concentrated his to a great number of surveyors, business at Cniontown, there prosecuting it actively till 1867, when, having amassed a goodly fortune, he for the of this business that he first moved retired from business as a manufacturer, selling the across the mountains, making his location at the foundry to one of his earliest apprentices and fait,hful Stony Creek Glades, in the present county of Somer- co-workers. Mr. Thomas Jaquett. set; but being then unmarriecl he changed his tem- Since then Mr. Robinson has been engaged in porary residence from time to time as required Ly various business pursuits. In 1872 he came into pos- the location of the work an mhich he was engaged. session as sole owner under a private charter of the At first he n7asbut an assistant to his brothers, who gas-works by which Uniontown is lighted. He also were deputy surveyors, but after a time he n-as him- controls as principal owner the gas-works of Middle- self appointed to that office, the first surrey found town, Dauphin County. recorded as esecuted by him in the capacity of Mr. Robinson was one of the original board of cli- deputy surveyor within the present bonudaries of rectors of the First National Bank of Uniontown, Fayette County being dated in the year 1772. In and remained a director till within a few years past. I775 he mas married at the Stony Creek Glades, near He has erer generously contributed to the upbuilding Stoystown, to Sarah Holmes, and in the following or support of such institutions in the places of his spring he moved with his wife to what was then West- residence as commanded his respect, taking no ex- moreland County (afterwards Fayette), and located at treme partisan cause, however, either in politics or or near where his brothers James and Samuel had religion, enjoying the esteem of his neighbors and the previously settled, in what is now North Union tomn- business public as a man of sterling integrity as well ship, some three miles from where Henry Beeson was as clear judgment, genial sociability, and humane then preparing to lay out the town which was the sentiments. nucleus of the present borough of Uniontomn. It July 12, 1837, Mr. Robinson united in marriage mas doubtless the knowledge which he obtained of with Miss Cornelia Wells, of Pork, N. Y., who died this region while engaged in surveying that induced in 1845, having borne him four children, one only him to settle west of the Laurel Hill soon after his of whom, Mrs. Emma R. Icing, now (1882) survives. marriage. He remained at his first location in the On Kov. 6, 1846, Nr. Robinson married again, being present Sort11 Union townsliip for about three years, then united to Miss Xary Ann McClelland, of Union- and in 1779 removed to Uniontomn, which from that town, who died in September, 1850, leaving no chil- time was his place of residence till his death. dren. Rlr. Robinson married as his third wife, Nov. In the first Assembly of the State of Pennsylvania, 24, 1852, Mrs. Elizabeth J. Porter, daughter of James in 1'776, Alexnnder McClean was one of the membe~ Wi!son, Esq., of German township, with whom he from Westmoreland County. In September of the lived twenty-nine years, she dying in May, 1881, at same year he was one of the justices of the peace for the age of sisty-eight years, leaving two children,-- Westmoreland, appointed by the Rewlutionary State Mr. W. I,. Robiuson, who has mainly succeeded to Convention. He was also a member of Assembly for his father's business, managing the gas-works, etc., 1782-83, being elected for the purpose of procuring and Miss Mary E. Robinson. the passage of the act erecting Fayette County. which mas accomplished in the latter year. He had early foreseen the probability of the erection of a new COL. ALESAKDER DlcCLEAN. county from this part of Westmoreland, and had (it Alexander McClean, the most famous land surveyor is said) urged Henry Beeson to lay out his tomn (now of Southwestern Pennsylvania, who passed more than Uniontown), in the belief that it would be made the fifty-five years of his life as a resident of Uniontown, seat of justice of the new county, the erection of and who held the offices of register and recorder of which he predicted. Fayette County for more than half a century, was In 1782 he was appointed sub-lieutenant of West- born in York County, Pa., Nov. 20, 1746, being the moreland County, in place of Edward Cook, who had youngest of seven brothers, the six others of whom been promoted to lieutenant to succeed Col. Archi- were Moses, ,4rchibald, William, Samuel, John, and bald Lochry, who was murdered by the Indians on James. All of them became surveyors, and Archi- the Ohio in the previous year. By his appointment bald (the eldest), Moses, Samuel, and Alexander mere as sub-lieutenant of the county Mr. McClean obtained employed with the celebrated " London artists," Ma- the title of colonel, by which he was ever after- son and Dixon, in running the historic line between wards known.

CHIOXTOWN BOROUGH. 2G3

During the Revolution, from 1'776 to 1784, there that year, but that this is a mistake is shown by an were no entries of land made at the Land Office, and entry on the court record as follows : consequently there was no work fbr deputy surveyors. "Jan'y S, ISS4.-At the meeting of the court this morning But in 1781 Col. McClean was appointed by the Mr. Anstin roee and informed the court of the death of Col. Supreme Executire Council of Pennsylvania chief Alesander McClcan, which took plare last night. After a few surveyor for this State (to act in conjunction with rem:irke, in mhich Nr. Auktin alluded in terms of descrved a similar officer on behalf of Virginia) to run the eulogy to the high character which the deceased sustained as temporsry line between the two States, as agreed an officer and a man, and in general in Jl the social relations, on in 1779. After many delays and vexatious dis- he moved thc following resolution, viz.: That when the court adjourns, it adjourns to meet at four o'clock p.x, in order to appointments in tlle execution of this work it was give the court and bar. grand and traverse jurors, and others finally completed by Col. McClean and Joseph YI ev- attending on the court an opportunity of attending the funeral, ille, of Virginia, in the winter of 1782-83. The pay which as adopted and ordered accordingly." established by the Council at the commencement of Col. McClean had ten children, viz.: Ann, born the work was twenty shillings ($2.66) per day and Sept. 7, 1776 ; Joseph, Nov. 17, 1777 ; Elizabeth, expenses, but afterwards that body resol\-ed that, c L taking into consideration the trouble Mr. NcClean March 27, 1779 ; Willi:im, March 14, 1780; Alex- ander, Sept. 17, 1782 ; Ephraim, Jnly 23, 1784; Ste- has had in rnnning said line, and the accuracy with phen, Sept. 23,1756 ; John, Feb. 23, 1788; Richard, ~~hichthe same hat11 been done, he 5e nllowed thirty- May 17, 1790; Moses, July 25, 1793. All the sons five shillings ($4.67) per day." This resolution of settled on lands owned by their father. The eldest. Council established the price which Col. McCIean daughter, Ann, married John Ward, and settled in always afterwards charged for his services as sur- Steubenville, Ohio. Elizabeth married Thomas Had- veyor. den, a well-remembered lawyer of Uniontown. Upon the erection of Fagette County in 1783, Col. McClean made application for the appointment of prothonotary and clerk of the courts of the county, but the office was secured by Ephraim Douglass. HOR. ANDREW STEWART. Col. McClean mas, however, appointed (Oct. 31,1783) Andrew Stewart, one of the most distinguished by the Council to he presiding justice of the Court of public men of Fayette County (which was always his Common Pleas and Orphans' Court. He filled that home from birth to death), mas the son of Abraham office until April, 1789, xhen he was succeeded by Stewart and Mary Oliphant, who were both natires Col. Edward Cook. On the 6th of December, 1783, of the eastern part of Pennsylvania (he of York, be was appointed to the offices of register and re- and she of Clmter County), ant1 who both emigrated corder of Fayette County, and held those offices con- while young to Fayette County, where they were tinuously through all the political changes and ricis- married in 1783. They raised a family of children, situdes of a period of more than -half a century until of whom the eldest ivas Andrew, who was born June his death in 1831. 11, 1791, in German township. At an early age he Col. McClean was a quiet, unobtrusive man, de- became self-dependent; till eighteen he worked on a roted to the duties of his office, and caring for little farm and tanght a country school, afterwards, to else than to discharge them with diligence, accuracy, pay his way while going to school and rezding law, and fidelity. He held office longer-from 1772 to he acted as a scrivener and as clerk at a furnace. In 1834-than any other nlnn who has ever resided in his twenty-fourth year he was admitted to the bar Western Pennsylvania. He was an expert and ele- (January, 1815), and in the same year was elected to gant penman, as will readily be admitted by any per- the Legislature; was re-elected for three years, aud son who examines the multitudinous pages of his when a candidate for the Senate, without opposition, work, which may be seen in the court-house at President Xonroe tendered him the appointment of Uniontomn, beautiful as copper-plate, and as clear district attorney for the United States, which, pre- and distinct as when they mere. written, ninety years ferring to zt seat in the Senate, he accepted, but re- ago. As register, recorcler, and surveyor for more signed it after his election to Congress in 1820, where than half a century he had been conversant mith he served eighteen years out of a period of thirty. He all the estates, titles, and lands of the county, wit6 served in the l7th, 20th, 24 23d, 26th, Zth, 28th, all their vacancies, defects, and modes of settlement; 29th, and 30th Congresses, going in and going out yet with all these opportunities of acquiring wealth mith the Ron. Thomas H. Benton. he died in comparative poverty, a sad monument to In 1848, when Mr. Stewart was a candidate for the his integrity. He wrote more deeds and wills at Vice-presidency, he declined a nonlination for Con- seven and sixpence each (one dollar) and dispensed gress, and in the convention in Philadelphia, after the more gratuitous counsel in ordinary legal affairs than nomination of President Taylor, it was left to the at reasonable fees would enrich a modern scrivener Pennsylvania delegation to nominate a candidate for or counselor. He died in Uniontown, Jan. 7,1834. Vice-President, who, after having retired to agree The date has usually been given as December 7th of upon a nominee, upon the first ballot Mr. Stewart

3 64 HISTORY OF BAYETTE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

had fourteen out of twenty-six, the remaining twelve The Democrats took up Nr. Hawkins, of '~reene voting for Nr. McKennan and several others, when, Couuty, then Speaker of the Senate, and used every without taking a second ballot to make it unanimous, means to exasperate the Jackson men against Mr. the chairman of the delegation hurried back into the Stewart; yet, with all their efforts, although Jackson convention and reported that they had failed to agree, had a majority of two thousand eight hundred-more whereupon Mr. Fillmore was nominated and con- than two votes to one-in his district, Mr. Stewart was firmed, as mas stated and published at the time with- elected over the Jackson candidate by a majority of out contradiction. two hundred and thirty-five,-a result unprecedented, On the accession of Gen. Taylor to the Presi- showing a degree of personal popularity on the one dency, the Pennsylvania, delegation in Congress rec- srde, and of magnanimity and forbearance on the ommended Xr. Stewart for Secretary of the Treas- other, without a parallel in the history of elections. ury; but being at the time confined to a sick-bed, Mr. Stewart was afterwards re-elected for four terms, he declined the appointment; and it may be stated when he peremptorily declined a renomination. as a reniarliable fact, true of no other man living or At the age of thirty-four Ur. Stewart married the dead, that Mr. Stewart served in Congress with every daughter of David Shriver, of Cunlberlaud, Md., and President before Gen. Grant, except the first five, raised a family of six children, who are all living ex- and Taylor, who mas never in Congress. cept Lieutenant-Commander William F. Stewart, While in Congress Mr. Stewart saved on several U.S.N., w!io was lost on the U. S. 6. "Oneida," cn the of the most important comn~ittees,among them as 24th of January, 1570, being at the time executive chairman of the Committee on the Tariff and the officer of the ship, and one of the most promising Committee of Internal Improvements, constituting officers of his age in the service, so pronounced in together, what was well called by Mr. Clay, " The letters of condolence after his death by all of the American SJ-stem," in the advocacy of which Mr. officers under whom he had served. His last heroic Stewart commenced and ended his political life. words on being urged to take the boat as the ship was This system, he always contended, lay at the founda- going down mere, " No !let others take the boat, my tion of the national prosperity, the one protecting the duty is on board my ship," and he went down with national industry, and the other developing the na- her. tional resources. He called it the "political ther- Mr. Sten-art carried into private life the same devo- mometer," which always had and always would indi- tion to these measures that distinguished him while cate the rise and fall of the national prosperity. in the public service, and until the time of his death Xr. Stewart belonged to the Dxnocratic party up he mas found among the foremost in advocating rail- to 1525, when the party, at the dictation of the South, road improvements n+ich will in the near future under the lead of Van Buren, Buchanan, and others, make his native county one of the richest and most gave up the tariff and internal improvements for office; prosperous in the State. To shorn his constant zeal here Nr. Stewart took an independent stand. He and restless activity in the cause of domestic industry said he mould stand by his measures, going with those and home manufactures, it may be stated that he who ment for and against those who ment apinst erected a blast-furnace, rebuilt a glass-works, built then]. He came home in the midst of the excited eleven saw-~uills, four flouring-mills, planing-mills, contest between Jackson and Adams for the Presi- etc., besides more than two hundred tenant and other dency in 1525, when his constituents were kuown to houses; he bought and sold over eighty thousaud be more than two to one for Jackson, and in a public acres of laud, and had between thirty thousand and speech declared his intentiou "to vote for Adams, forty thousand acres still left at his death, much of it whose friends supported his measures, while the Dem- in the TITest; and yet twenty-one years of the prime ocratic party, as such, opposed them. If for this they of his life were devoted to the services of his country chose to turn him out, so be it, he mould never sur- in her State and national Legislatures. render his principles for office. If he did he would Mr. Stewart died in Uniontown, July 16, 1872, be a political hypocrite, unworthy the support of any in his eighty-second year. His sons, Col. Andrew honest man ; he would rather go out endeavoring to Stewart and D. Shriver Stewart, reside in Stewart support what, in his conscience, he believed to be the t?wnship, which was so named in honorof their illus- true interests of his constituents and his country than trious father, and where they have large landed in- to go in by meanly betraying them." terests which belonged to his estate.

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