Annual Progress Report for the Period from April, 2017 to March, 2018 on the Project Titled
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Annual Progress Report for the period from April, 2017 to March, 2018 On the project titled Biodiversity, Habitat Association and GIS Mapping of Noctuid moths (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) of Chirpine forest of Jammu Province (Jammu & Kashmir) India (GBPI/IERP-NMHS/15-16/28/10 Dated: 31.03.2016) Integrated Eco-Development Research Programme (IERP) Submitted to G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment & Sustainable Development, Almora, Utterakhand-263643 By: Dr. Pawan Kumar (Scientist-D) Principal Investigator HIMALAYAN FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE (Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education) Conifer Campus, Panthaghati SHIMLA – 171 013 (H.P.) 1. Project Title: Biodiversity, Habitat Association and GIS Mapping of Noctuid moths (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) of Chirpine forest of Jammu Province (Jammu & Kashmir) India. GBPI/IERP-NMHS/15-16 2. Name of Principal Investigator and Project Staff: PI: Dr. Pawan Kumar (Scientist-D) Co. PI: Dr. R. K. Verma (Scientist-G) Junior Project fellow: Manoj Kumar 3. GBPIHED project sanction letter No. & Date of sanction: GBPI/IERP-NMHS/15- 16/28/10 Dated 31st March, 2016 4. Total outlay sanctioned- Rs. 12.50 Lakhs 4.1 Duration- 3 Years 5. Date of start: 1st April, 2016 6. Grant received during the year: Rs. 3, 62,585.00 7. Expenditure incurred during the year: Rs 3, 13,841.64 8. Bound area of research: Taxonomy and Biodiversity 9. Sub area of the project: GIS mapping of the Noctuid moths. 10. Approved objectives of the project: The present study will be undertaken in the Chirpine forest of Jammu province of Jammu & Kashmir envisaging following objectives. 1. Survey, identification and assessment of Noctuid moth (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) diversity. 2. Biodiversity analysis to determine the threat status of the Noctuid moths. 3. To study associated vegetation, habitat preferences and correlate distribution patterns of moth species with environmental factors. 4. GIS mapping of Noctuid moth diversity of the Chirpine forest of Jammu province. 11. Methodology: Methodology for Taxonomic Study: 1. Pilot surveys was done (during May to October every year) to selected localities, which are selected as representatives of the habitat type in the study area. 2. Collection, preservation and storage of specimens of Noctuid moths (Srivastava et. al. 2005, 2006). 3. Regular marked trails in all habitat types will be made during collection period. All moth species were collected, identified and recorded. 4. Identification of Noctuid moth fauna with the help of literature or through comparison with national reference collections being housed at Entomological Museums of I.A.R.I., New Delhi; Z.S.I., and F.R.I., Dehradun. 5. Dissection of imagos for the study of genitalia (Kumar, 2004; Srivastava et. al. 2005, 2006). Keys for identification will be prepared on the basis of taxonomic characters. 6. Transect counts were made to monitor moth population three transect each with 1000×10m were selected at different habitat. 7. For data analysis, various factor was observed like moth species occurrence distribution across different Altitudinal ranges, GPS Coordinates, temperature, humidity, latitude, longitude, altitude etc. 8. GIS mapping was carried out for all the Noctuid moth species of Chirpine forest of Jammu & Kashmir. Study sites Name of the Area: Chirpine Forest Jammu Province State: Jammu and Kashmir Districts: Kathua, Jammu, Reasi, Udhampur, Samba and Ramban Collection of Noctuid Moths: Various localities in J&K located at different chirpine forest were surveyed during whole of the year for the collection of Noctuid fauna. Forest Rest House of all localities was chosen as an ideal site for setting up of temporary laboratory to execute the entire field work of setting light lure system, collection stretching, drying, labelling and storage of procured species of family Noctuidae of order Lepidoptera. Light Lure System Drying and Stretching techniques Stretched specimens i) Methodology for Taxonomic Study: Pilot surveys were done (during March to October every year) to selected localities, which are selected as representatives of the habitat type in the study area. Studied the associated vegetation, environmental factors (Temperature, humidity, rainfall, & altitude) and pest incidence in the field. Vegetation (Trees, shrubs, & herbs) of selected sites were studied by laying out quadrates of different sizes. Zoogeography of Noctuid fauna was studied. For data analysis, various factors were observed like moth species occurrence, distribution across different Altitudinal ranges, GPS Coordinates, temperature, humidity, latitude, longitude, altitude etc. Collection, preservation and storage of specimens of noctuid moths (Common, 1959, Kumar, 2005, Srivastava et. al. 2005, 2006) were done. Identification of noctuid fauna with the help of literature or through comparison with national reference collections being housed at Entomological Museums of I.A.R.I., New Delhi; Z.S.I., Kolkata and F.R.I., Dehradun. Study of wing venation (Zimmerman, 1978; Kumar, 2004; Srivastava et. al., 2005, 2006) and dissection of imagos for the study of genitalia (Kumar, 2004; Srivastava et. al. 2005, 2006). Identification and characterization of new species of noctuid moths. ii) Methodology for analyzing biodiversity 1. Regular marked trails in all chirpine habitats of J&K was made during the night time, once every month. All moths species sighted was collected, identified and recorded. Identifications were confirmed from different national museum and literature. Based on the relative abundance estimates, the moths were classified according to Rajasekhar (1992a, 1992b and 1995) as follows: 1. Abundant: >30% 2.Very Common: 20% - 30% 3. Common: 10% - 20% 4. Frequent: 5% - 10% 5. Occasional: 1% - 5% 6. Rare: < 1%. The mean relative abundance values of all the counts in each habitat were calculated for the different species in the four seasons. Differences between the means across the habitats was tested to determine any habitat preference by the moths. 2. Trap counts were made to monitor moth populations during April to October. Two sites were selected at each habitat, such as undisturbed chirpine forest and disturbed chirpine forests. Each of these sites was visited at once per month and all the moths observed was recorded site-wise. Moths were collected for identification. a) Data analysis: Chi-square analysis was carried out to assess the variation in the abundance of moths by taking the cumulative number of each species in each habitat. b) Differentiation diversity (beta diversity): Shannon-Winner diversity index is applied to know the threat status of the Noctuid species of conifer forest of Jammu & Kashmir. 12. Work Plan: Year-wise work plan Sr. No. Activity Year-1 Year-2 Year-3 1 Survey & collection of moth specimens √ √ √ 2 Identification, characterization and taxonomic study √ √ √ 3 Study of vegetation & environmental Factors √ √ √ 4 Biodiversity. Associated vegetation and Habitat preferences analysis -- -- √ 5 GIS mapping -- √ √ 6 Data analysis and PCR writing -- -- √ 13. Salient research achievements as per work plan/objectives covered during the year: 1. Survey, identification and assessment of Noctuid moth (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) diversity. The proposed work is undertaken to survey and identify the Noctuid moth (Lepidoptera) diversity, habitat preferences and their GIS mapping in the Chirpine forest of Jammu province. Survey was conducted to Chirpine forests of Forest Division Jammu, Kathua, Ramnagar, Mansar, Bilawar, Nagrota, Udhampur, Reasi, Katra, Rajouri, and Ramban. Chirpine forest sites were selected for collection and geo-referencing/GIS mapping of Noctuid moths (Lepidoptera) of the region. Visit to respective DFO and RO was done for permission and detail about Chirpine forest for selection of suitable sites was done. GPS data was recorded. Study of vegetation & environmental factors was done by recording the temperature and humidity data of selected sites. 203 Specimens of moths samples collected from Chirpine habitats were subjected to taxonomic treatment with the help devised standard methodology. Moth samples were identified with the help of comparison with old specimens and by visiting to entomological museum IARI, Delhi. Sorting of specimens were done according to family and genera. Total of 206 Noctuid moth samples collected were sorted into various taxa and 57 species were dissected for taxonomic characterization. Identified moth species collected from Chirpine forests include Aemene taprobanis, Creatonotos traniens, Dichromia pullata, Spilosoma oblique, Calyptera emarginata, Dysgonia latifascia, Helicoverpa armigera, Plusiodonta auripicta, Euproctis witella, Thysanoplusia nigrisinha, Asota caricae, Trichoplusia orichalcea, Euxoa aequalis, Agrotis ipsilon, Hypocala deflorata, Olipa ricini, Digama hearseyana, Aloa spp., Hypena abussimlis, Fadina pullula, Lyphmna attarnes, Argina astrea, Eupterote spp., Cyana puella. Georeferences like latitude, altitude and longitude etc. were collected form Chirpine forests of Udhampur, Jammu, Reasi and Katra for future mapping. Geographical information has been updated and tabulated for further mapping on GIS platform Mansar (N32˚ 41̍ 39.6̎; E 075˚ 09̍ 05.8̎) Altitude: 662m Nagrota (Bilawar) (N32˚ 38̍ 43.3̎; E 075˚ 23̍ 26.9̎) Altitude: 756m Katra Forest Range (N 33° 05.296’; E 74° 39.562’) Altitude: 552m Reasi forest Range (N 33˚ 05ʹ 296̋; E74˚ 39ʹ 562̋) Altitude: 552m Udhampur Forest Division (N 32° 59.286’; E 075° 07.253’) Altitude: 1072m Collection of Noctuid moth