l}'S S"E ~~N~T'BE~WEEN Students and farm Workers I
In English "The Voice of the Farm Worker"-Delano,Calif.-March 1, 1967-15~ EL MALCRIADO**Page 2 THE LEA:MON KING INCIDENT t BY EMMON CLARKE
have to give them a chance to keep that pro mise. "
It was late at night, dark outside, about 10 0' clock in the old farm house set back from the road about a half mile. The young and, beauti ful wife was home alone except for her three small children and her bed-ridden father-in law. Her husband was out of town on business. A pounding on the door, a shouted command "Open up, Police," and the beauty of a quiet night was no more. So started another episode in the indiscre tions of the young Captain Harry Gilbert of the Delano Police force. Gilbert, together with Sgt. Bannister of the Delano Police Department and sheriff' s depu ties from Tulare and Kern Counties formed a posse that was, according to the Delano Record "combing the area for a suspect wanted on a Tulare County .warrant for two counts of ass ault with a deadly weapon. No publicly-known facts in the case indicate that the suspect was in the area. But, the posse surrounded the home of Leamon King on the King's ranch located about three miles west of ASports Hero is aVictim of
the Delano City limits. Gilbert, the city police captain, led the search. Mrs. King, frightened by the unusual activity, at first refused to answer the door. She was a the Delano Police lone, her husband was away, the only men in the house were her six-year old boy, an 18 month old infant and her stroke-crippled father' LEAMON KING REPRESENTED HIS in-law. COUNTRY WITH DIGNITY IN THE INTER Why police at her door? Was it really the po NATIONAL OLYMPICS BUT THIS DIDN'T lice? Why late at night? Was it a lynch mob? SAVE HIM FROM ROUGH AND UNJUST What had she done? What did the MAN want? TREATMENT AT THE HANDS OF THE In the history of her people such a visit POLICE. meant horrible things. The Kings are Negroes. Afraid, she weht into her darkened bedroom and got her husband's rifle. She re-entered the living.room through a door opposite the front "I was not after an apology, " Leamon King door. The police were threatening to break told this reporter, "What I want is to be sure down the door. She placed the still sheathed ri that this type of thing never happens again to fle on a settee against the wall and went to th'e my family." fr<;mt door. "In my mind, " King continued, "this (the city council's actions) is a constructive step. I really don't want to make a big issue of this thing. They (the city council) have made me a promise, now we have to wait. To be fair, we EL MALCRIADO**Page 3
The Leam,on King...
Other men in uniform gather on the little front porch. She looks out through the small glas s plate on the front door and sees a friendly face . . He takes his I. D. card, and silently pla ces it against the glass. She reads it and unlat ches the front door. Gilbert pushes the door open am strides. --ast Mrs. King. He pauses for a moment and speaks. -,Mrs. King hears him say, "What's the matter with you?" Then he moves on swinging to the left. Down the length of the living room and then to ,STAFF his right and through the kitchen. Nothing on the back porch at the end of the kitchen. Turn right and open a door. BILL ESHER-Editor and Gilbert steps into the bedroom of' the senior Publisher. Mr. King. Only an old man here. Across the , room to his right is another door. It opens into DANIEL DE LOS REYES the living room. Managing Editor. Gilbert moves through and)to his left into the master bedroom. Back out again, he walks to J. SUJOVOLSKY- Assis his left and looks into the children's room. Only tant E'Utor. children there. He returns to the living room. Gilbert finds nothing so the night raiders re DOQG ADAIR-Associate turn to the dark. Editor. They took nothing away, but they left a house . disrupted, a woman frightened and alone, and ANDREW ZERMENO-Art terror in the night. Director Mrs. King telephoned her mother-in-law, Mrs Beatrice King, who came to the ranch and spent EMMON M. CLARKE the night there. Photogr$.phy Director ******************************************* BOB DUDNICK, MARY This sequence of events is true. It happened on MURPHY, MARCIA Jan. 26,1967 at the ranch of Mr. Leamon King SANCHEZ, DONNA in the countryside west of Delano. HABER-Editorial Staff Ki"ftg is a native of Delano end an international ly knowittrack star. In the mid-50's he ran in , the Olympic trials and in the Melbourne Games, second cl~ss postage paid at as well as representing the United States in Deleno Ca. Fresno publica- Stockholm, Sweden, running the 100-yd. and ·tion office: 1507 No. Palm. 100-:meter dashes. This issue is #55, mailed 2-18, King returned home Friday, Jan. 27, but his 1967. EDITORIAL ,AND BUSINESS wife, not wanting to worry him, said nothing. OFFICE OF EL MALCRIADO He first learned of the incident when Kern Coun IS 1~0 ALBANY AVE. ,DELANO ty Sheriff's Sgt. Ray Brittain was making a fol CALIFORNIA. Single copy price low-up investigation. 15~; subscription $2.50 a year. On Monday, Jan. 30, King and his wife attenl- El Malcriado is published bi weekly by Farm Worker Press (Continues on Pg. 30) :Inc., P.O. Box 1060,. Delano, California.
"EI Malcrl~do, " the Voice of the Farm Worker, Is an Inde pendent publ1catlon, and Is not the "official newspaper" of any person or group.' Tbe editors are solely responsible for all statements and views expressed bere. EnUre Contents Copyright 1967 bY Farm Worker Press. inc. EL MALCRIADO**Page 4 sHy of California was a COMPANIES cynical move. Strike breaker Mohn, unable AND PEOPLE to stop the unionizing of Friends: the farm workers: now i joins his pals from Agri Work for the good of business, oil, and bank your people and stop ing who sit on the Board printing so much about and also monopolize the bad guy--a company business in the State of ~ but one person no. California. May I be an honorary Maybe Mohn can help union member? God's Governor Reagan break blessing. the back of student Charles E. Mertins strikes at Berkeley. Brown's appointment of Towson, Md. Mohn should help farm workers everywhere The Struggle Has understand how much workers have in common DON SOlACO Not Yet Ended with students at Berkeley Sirs: and elsewhere who are and hils I have been very struggling for justice and MISERIES pleased to receive El control over their own Malcriado during the lives. Free Speech, union organizing, and Editor: past year, and with much pleasure and interest I fair and equal treatment Enclosed you will find a check for $4.40, have read your commen under the law are only $1. 40 for remittance of 2 Malcriados, $2. 00 taries on the struggle for allowed when the bosses for the record you sent me, and $1. 00 so that a better life that is tak~ approve. you will send me the cartoon book of Don ing place in California For years the bosses Sotaco. and other states. I have been trying to stop I am writing a poem on the miseries and want to congratulate you students from getting mistreatmenr that our people have suffered for the clarity with involved in labor organi during the last 50 years in the fields, how which you have express zing, civil rights, and they live in shacks as if it were a village of ed the wort~y, progress~ other political issues savages. The Mexican-American is, and con ive , and democratic because students have tinues to be, the forgotten man. wishes of the farm work power and energy to or' And with your permision, if you will grant ers. ganize people against it, I want to call this poem "Don Sotaco and Their cause has re their oppressors. Gov ernment investigations (CONT. P. 18) minded many that the old victories of the labor of the University will movement did not con only teach lllore young clude its history, but people that big business rather that the selfish and its government pup interests of the powerful pets are the real cynics must be confronted today and enemies of the and in the future. people. I wish you the best of Sincerely yours, luck in this next year. Marc Sapin Sincerely, Stanford, Cal. John B. Pierce San Francisco, Cal. The He II That Is { rs & ates
s last Sirs: of Here in the County of ,tel' "Estrella" there are )f people who kill and ~r- people who rob; among EL MALCRIADO**Page 5 the latter are the sons of the public employees, LETTER FROM A NAZI TO GENE NELSON who in turn are robbers. LE ADER OF THE TEXAS FARM WORKERS Robbers that never even see the jail. Instead, th t'f.:' ~ the poorer strikers are £;0*:0;' RI put in jail. Their crime, having fought for a just (; t) cause. Everything you say in' I ll~~AND your paper about this country is true. Here tt l: C--K the ,law is enforced by tf'\ criminals. I thank you In ourIii (f[dlast issue we published an artic'le ent'tl1 ed "L eft andR'Ight"• for telling this to the Now we have received a letter which, in normal circumstances, we public. I know that not would have thrown away; but since it is a clear example of the men even in Mexico do they tality of those who believe that we are still living in the age ,of feudal treat people as they do ism where the ideals of Jefferson and Lincoln are no more than an here. empty dream, we here publish it as an illustration of the content of n I wish the Federal our past article. 'J Authorities would realizE what kind of situation we ld are living in here. One of the things the Federal Government should know is that the money they send here for poverty programs is really being used by the politicians to buy their own votes. And those people who do not want to· comply with this are left out of work. A Friend of Yours Apolonio Solis Grulla, Texas "Dear" Eugene, For the We read all about you in the Detroit Free Press newspaper FUTURE recently, and think you ought to be heartily ashamed of yourself, OF CHILDREN for causing such a lot of trouble. I Since you attended Long Beach college for two years, it would The things you seem you would be able to get yourself a respectable type of job are doing will give the instead of spending your life messing up everybody else's. Too children of the future a bad you didn't carry out your plans for a writing career, instead a better chance- -it is of pulling a Jimmy Hoffa trick, in organizing a bunch of ignorant so hard to explain how laborors. We can bet your parents are plenty ashamed of you these good it feels that at last days, and hang their heads, as a result! somebody has not shut You deliberately moved into Texas thinking you could stop a their ears to the crys of ,big melon crop (like a gangster enjoys meddling in something he hunger from our children has no business in, --ala Hoffa again). You figured it was an easy ren and wives, and to touch, eh boy? -- the many injustices- S May the -Those Mexicans are mighty glad to get paid fOr their honest work until a rabble rousing guy such as you enters the premises and Good Lord keep giving persuades them they're doing wrong by giving an honest day's you the courage and faith work! Fie on you, Gene! It is people like yourself who make which you have shown. America wrong. It used to be a wonderful country until gangsters John Nidal and hoods became powerful and began taking over. Actually, your Dallas, Texas kind ought to be stopped, but quick. Have you no concience? P.S. Many times I wondered what our child- What makes your kind tick anyway? ,f ren thought when they Up here in Detroit its the Niggers who are giving the citizens a lot of trouble. saw so many not do a An ex-colleague thing to improve the Detroit, Michigan g conditions. Rev. Drake: "Only one thing makes the po litical system in South Texas work. And that thing is money. The one accepted procedure is 'Mordida' -- the bribe. Thus, the lowest offi cial on the seale has to pay part of his salary to the next man up the scale. At the top there is a tremendous concentration of money. For in stance, the superintendent of schools of Starr County, with all his federal money and power to appoint people to jobs is not an educational ad ministrator - - he's a labor contractor!"
In this brutal setting in which the rich get richer and the poor are hungry, is LA CASITA FARMS, current target of the Texas Strike and Boycott. LA CASITA FARMS pays its field labor as little as 60~ an hour and hires an average of 300-400 workers all the time. Its sales are in the millions. The owner of LA CASITA FARMS is Clarence Morris, a millio naire Salinas Valley, Calif. rancher. A button is pushed in Salinas, and powerless farm workers two thousand miles away in Starr County are squeezed, dragged, and pushed a little farther down the road of despair and poverty.
Rev. Drake: "The law in South Texas is a man named Randall Nye, a menacing shadow which covers all of Starr County. Here peace ful assembly is illegal, picketing is illegal, Rev. JIM DRAKE: "In Southern Texas even praying is illegal. When strikers are ar the law is a man called Randall Nye". rested -- and there have been morethan 100 arrests -- they are not given the rights which all people must be given. Why? Because Ran over Texas who will not buy his products. dall Nye is not only the district attorney. He is the attorney for La Casita Farms. " Rev. Drake: ''When the strike started, ma ny of the local stores just gave food to the strikers. Then the union started a strike kitch The Rio Grande Valley is rJ. string of poor little towns along the beautiful river that forms the inter en, where the daily diet is rice, beans and tor nation al border. Many of the houses are built of tillas. The Texas strikers are an even hardier, rocks and mud with thatched roofs. It snows some more courageous group than the Delano strikers times in the winter and the snow breaks through the -- if that's possible -- and they will stick with roofs with its weight. In Rio Grande City, many of this thing until they win. When you haven't got the houses are brick--because there is a local brick money or power, then you need strong people, factory--but they are without floors or interior walls. and that's what we've got in Starr County. "
For the first twenty or thiry arrests during the Rev. Drake: "The local doctor has refused strike, the workers were able to find friends or rela to treat strikers, and they have to go to Mission tives with a piece of land who could guarantee thebail Texas, when they are sick. There is a good bond by putting up their' property. (Randall Nye keeps doctor there who says, after treating a striker: only one bail bondsman in the county. If he won't bail 'Don't worry about it. It is only $2, but I'll one out, nobody can.) But now they've run out of peo send the bill to the AFL-CIO.' But he never ple with property, and a cash bond is reqUired. So does." they just stay in jail until the boos wants to let them out. If it's the Texas Rangers that have put them in, La Casita Farms gets its scab labor from Mexico. they could stay in forever, without being charged, Every day they send buses to the International Bridge without seeing a judge or a lawyer. The Rangers have at Homa, Texas, and bring back loads of workers. authority across county lines, and if there's agitation Roy Rochester, trusted local manager of La Casita, to get the strikers out of the Starr County Jail, they knows that as long as he can hire non-citizens and non just move him somewhere else. The food in jail is residents, without any rights, he is not going to have worse than the strike kitchen. Reverend Drake told any labor trouble. -But the Texas strikers have taught El Malcriado that he was fed a small ball of flour and him differently. Even the Texas Rangers-governor rice for dinner, and that six strikers were put into a John Connally's personal shock troops-cannot save cell six feet wide and twelve feet long. him from huge losses when he has his markets -stran At the bottom of the heap are the Texas strikers, gled by the economic pressure of decent people all (CONT. P. 30) EL MALCRIADO**>lIpAGE 8
By DANIEL de los REYES Photography by EMMON CLARKE
THE FIGHT AGAINST IGNORANCE
THE PACT BETWEEN STUDENTS' AND FARM WORKERS REAFFIRMED IN FRONT OF THE CAPITOL
THE SCENE The man, tall, grown old, and with make-up on his face, raised his arms, and with a theatrical ges ture asked the crowd to quiet down, so that they could listen to what he had to say. As soon as the crowd knew he was there, it was shaken by different reac tions. On the right started a strong chorus of voices that yelled, ''We don't want tuition!" And from the o ther side, loud and fast, came the agreement, "No, no, no, no, no, we don't want tuition!" The television cameras were focused on themce of the man, the flashed of the press cameras explode(i, capturing the event for history, for this was history. A voice demanded over the microphones: "Please, please let the Governor talk. " The man was Ronald Reagan, Governor of the State of California, actor in cowboy movies duringthe forties, now getting into politics. The scene was the steps of the Capitol in Sacramento; the crowd, twenty thousand students; and the discussion, the tuition in CalIfornia colleges.
A COMMON STRUGGLE Em'ly in the morning, before dawn, while we were tr!Weling from Delano to Sacramento in the car with C.esar Chavez and Jim Drake, we were aware that something unusual was happening that day. As we drove down Highway 99, we were passed by car after car of all types, filled with young people, as though THE MAN WAS RONALD REAGAN. the older people had for this day stayed home and giv- GOVERNOR OF CALIFORNIA. -EL MALCRIADO***PAGE 9 en the road to youth. Most of the automobiles had stickers on their bumpers with such slogans as, "Down with the tuition" and "Reagan, cut the act, not the budget!" We arrived in Sacramento. We were there because the Farm Workers Organizing Committee agreed to join, side by side, with their brothers, the students who have proved to us that not everything in California, and that the youth are standing up to save the state from the reaction ary acts of some politicians. There, a mile from the Capi tol, in an empty lot, were thou sands and thousands of young people representing all parts of the state, carrying signs with a th The Double-Cross at Alta Vista THE CHRISTIAN BROTHERS -OR THEIR AGENTS SABOTAGE A UNION ELECTION "OUR FIGHT IS NOT AGAINST THE CHURCH, IT IS NOT AGAINST A RELIGIOUS ORDER IT IS AGAINST MOUNT LA SALLE VINEYARDS, OWNED AND OPERATED BY THE CHRISTIAN BROTHERS AND THE LABOR CONTRACTORS THAT THEY HillE" "WE HAD THOUGHT THE CHRISTIAN BROTHERS WOULI BE AS CONCERNED AS THE UNION ABOUT SOCIAL JUS ~ TICE. WE THOUGHT THE AGREEMENT BETWEEN OUR FARM WORKERS AND THE BROTHERS COULD BE A '¥.. MODEL AND AN EXAMPLE." Mont La Salle, near Napa, headquarters Cesar Chavez for the Christian Brothers order and for their profitable wine-making enterprises. Cesar Chavez began talks with the Christian Brothers Winery who spoke up for/the union were hour. and Ranch Properties in June, tlITown out of the Christian "Therefore the United Farm 1965. Last week the relation Brothers' labor camp. A hired Workers (AFL-CIO) and the ship ended on the Christian agitator spread lies about the workers who have chosen us Brothers' Alta Vista Ranch in union. On Tuesday, February to represent them cannot in Reedley, California, with the 14, the date scheduled for the good conscience participate Christian Brothers in the po election, Cesar. Chavez release in the scheduled elections. sition of active union-busters. the following statement: "We call upon you to fulfill your original public state Through its agent, who is the "Despite the words and deeds ment that' you recognize the labor contractor Daniel Losano: of Brother Gregory in our union. The conduct of em and his foreman Mike Diaz, the presence, Harrassment, ployer agents leaves us free company began a campaign of coercion, and intimidation to take any appropriate econ harrassment and intimidation of employees qualified to omic action if you fail to the workers, just three days , vote has continued with fulfill recognition. before the elcc ·on. Workers increased v.igor up to this "If it had not been for our OVJll j-----_...._------.feeling that a religious order be the good intentions of the Chri~ shared our concern for the work· tian Brothers, the workers a ers, " Chavez continued, "we greed. And this was the point of would never be in this position. no return. We trusted them and we believe~ that they were a cting in good The company's hired agents began faith. " a campaign of lies and smears a gainst the union that was more sa After Christian Brothers , vage than even the bitterest days announced last year that they of DiGiorgio's fight against the were recognizing the Farm Wor union. When it reached this point, kers Union, they were approached on Monday, February 13, where by the union for negotiations. the workers were being subjected They told Chavez to walt and to union-busting sermons, and agreed to sign the same terms were fired for defending the union, as in the .Schenley contract, Cesar Chavez stepped in and cal whatever that would be. The led off the election. union waited, and after the Schenley agreement, went back It was a sad day for the Christian to Christian Brothers. By this Brothers' workers in Fresno and time the union was not dealing Napa County, who had come so with the Brothers themselves, close to getting a living wage and " but with their lawyers. The' the dignity of a union contract. But ched the Christian Brothers law workers were told to wait some it was also a sad day for the dedi yer, he said that there was some .more, until thb complete, final cated men of God who call them question about whether the union Schenley contract was released. selves Christian Brothers. really represented the workers. But they were impatient and asked The union went out again and for an immediate 30¢ an hour . signed up almost all of the p~ raise in the wages at the Brothers .. ' employees--for the second time, Napa and Reedley Ranches. The and presented proof to Christian ~ lawyers refused. Again, the . Brothers. At this time the union went along with them. workers, represented by their negotiating committee, presented Chavez pointed out that the the company with their ideas for union would never have done this a written contract. ·with·any other employer. "They . are Christians; they are Catholics Christian Brothers' lawyer put we thought that their cause and these aside. He also put aside the our cause were the same: Right Brothers' original recognition a now it appears that we were greement. And he called for an & wrong. " lection. The next time the union approa' Tricked by what they believed to ANYONE WITH EXPERIENCE OR KNOWLEDGE OF THE EMPLOYMENT OF SUGAR BEET WORKERS FROM TEXAS AND THE SOUTHWESTERN STATES: DO YW KNOW SOMETHING ABOUT THE HIRING, 'IRANSPORTATlON, WAGES, PAYMENT PROCEDURES, WORKING CONDI Picturesque old champagne cellars of The Christian TIONS, OR ANYTHING ELSE FOR THE FARM WORKERS Brothers at St. Helena~ in the heart of Califo,nia.'s wine country. Reminiscent of a medieval castle, the WHO WERE BROUGHT BY THE EMPffiE STATE SUGAR vast 9re~ stone structure was built in 1889. CORP. TO WORK IN NEW YORK STATE SUGAR BEETS IN THE 1966 SEASON, .OR WILL BE IN THE COMING 1967 Above Left: SEASON? Vineyards of The Christian Brothers at Mont La Salle IF YOU DO, PLEASE WRITE YOUR NAME TO DEVEC, in the foothills of California's Napa Valley, wer~ planted from choice European cuttings. Here, Broth 1034 MADISON STREET, SYRACUSE, N. Y. 13210, SO er Timothy, cellarmaster for the winery, .decides that grapes have reached the peak of perfection required THESE WORKERS CAN GET A FAIR DEAL THIS YEAR. for harvesting. EL MALCRIADO**Page 12•••••• ., Reagan's Plan To Improve (?) T Agricultur REAGAN B Governor Reagan last week sUQ mitted to the lawmakers his "8 point plan to improve agriculture." Five of the eight points were 1 union-busting tools. (1) The first point called for 600 "migrant houses" to be built s at a cost' of $9,000 each. EL MA~ CRIADO SAYS-the houses will be used for foremen and supervisors u only. (2) A mediation service for la bor disputes. California already has a mediation service which o "0 perates fairly and is nationallyr~ Tf cognized. EL MALCRIAOO SAYS AC -Reagan is trying to get rid of all IT government employees that he ca!! SA not control, and replace them with A~ .his own puppets. Cli (3) a "revitalized" farm-labor TH employment service. The farm TH labor service has always operated in the interests of the rancher. "w Its officials have always CH been corrupt in shutting their eyes BE to violations of the law. EL MAL UN CRIADO SAYS-To spend more TI< money on this sick state agency is Another view of the thousands of students and workers AG a crime. The farm placement ser who marched in Sacramento last week against Reagan FA vice should be shut down instead:- and tuition. BR (4) Removal of the 160-acre wa MC ter rights limitation. This is a law designed to protect smallfar mers. EL MALCRIADO SAYS IMPORTANT NOTICE Cef If there is no room for small far the mers in California why doesn't In a special letter sent from Delano headquarters, the Uni and Reagan. stand up like a man and ted Fartn Workers announced this week that "THE UNION 1961 say so, instead of trying to sque WILL NOT BE ABLE TO PROVIDE EL MALCRIADO FOR shi] eze them out of the back door. MEMBERS." Many members had the itnpression that EI Brc (5) To create an Agricultural Malcriado was provided free to all who paid union dues, and Ree Youth Corps. Teenagers and col a few members were ,actually receiving the paper. "THE U Chr lege students would be given sum NIoN IS GROWING AT SUCH A FAST RATE," the letter said, siti mer jobs needed by professional "THAT TO GIVE EL MALCRIADO WILL COST US MANY skilled farm workers who have HUNDREDS OF DOLLARS. THE ONLY WAY WE COULD Thr their families to support. EL GIVE EL MALCRIADO TO THE MEMBERS IS TO RAISE lab< MALCRIADO SAYS-If Reagan THE DUES. AND WE WILL NOT RAISE THE DUES." and suggested this ridiculous idea for The union stated that, "IT IS EVERY FARM WORKER'S con any other industry, he would be OBLIGATION TO KEEP INFORMED ABOUT WHAT IS HAP har: laughed out of the state. PENING." The letter ended with a request that everyone the (The other three points in his send $2.50 to EI Malcriado for a year's subscription. be ( program dealt with plant disease~ EL MALCRIADO**Page 13 help the Farm Worker Strike. The number. The Union has had its A Victim Farm Worker Union now has its own number (47947) since 1966, own number: 47947, and if you but until now it has only received of War use the number when you buy, the $16. Please help b):' giving the - Union will get money at the end of number of the Union on your big the year. You don't need to be a purchases, and your own number member of the union to use this for your small purchases. Fi BI INVESTIGATES TEXAS ARRESTS Rio Grande, Texas-254 stores have agreed to cooperate in the boycott that has been organized in Texas against the sale of the pro ducts of La Casita Farms. Amorg Five priests arrested in J~ them is included 148 markets of nuary for appearing in Rio the Safeway supermarket chain. Grande City in support of the strikers, were released from RICARDO CAMPOS Gilbert Padilla is in charge of this boycott which has had so. disciplinary act ion by their bi I much success. shop. One of them stated, Oakland, Calif. -Ricardo Cam Moreover, the FBI has begun an "This is not the end. It's only pos, 27, born·in Amador, Calif., investigation of civil rights, as a the beginning." The priests, was killed last December 6th in a result of the arrests by SheriffAl returning to Texas from a small village in Vietnam, victim ( berto Pena of Starr County, who week's exile in New Mexico of war. Son of migrant workers, has been acting as if he were tak for "meditation," said "we ate Campos was orphaned at a very ing the law into his own hands. some fire (during the punish young age and spent all his life in The last straw that has brought ment) and we are ready to juvenile detention homes or in or about the FBI investigation was brea~he it forth." The story phanages. Richard had no choice the arbitrary and illegal arrest of was carried nationally in the other than to join the army at 17. three Catholic priests who have daily newpapers. San Francis He was shipped out to Vietnam and been helping the strikers of Rio co headlined it "Two Exiled never returned alive. Grande City. Priests Return to Fight." Since his birth, Ricardo· Cam pos was exploited by the same ..- system which sent him to his death, but when the body was sent back, the politicians praised the manner of his death, and spoke of naming parks after him. But it is too late. Should some one have to die in order to live as a \1uman being in this country? Cases like that of Ricardo Cam pos would not happen if all the ci tizens would listen to organiza tions like the farm workers, strug gling to end such injustices, and would join them. \A Practical Way of Helping· Us Berkeley and San Francisco-If YOU CAN HELP STOP this drain on Texas wealth! Refuse to buy you live in the Bay area and buy these products, produced by strikebreaking slave labor on the . at the Berkeley Co-ops, you can LA CASITA FARMS in Texas. - EL MALCRIAOO**Page 14 THE MILLIONAIRE & "Don QUIXOTE" Don't Buy these Iell the Iruth, Mister PRODUCTS' MANUFACTURED BY A.Pere!!i-}f}ne!!i ' A. Perelli-Minetti !. ~'~'~·~P~i~~ AN INTERESTING DIALOGUE BE1WEEN THE MILLIONAmE RANCHER, AND A POOR STU DENT, -WHO IS ALSO A ~MILLIONAmE' BUT VJcmIt.DUGo IN IDEALS, A '!RUE 'DON QUIXOTE'. Mr. Robert M. Philmus ARISTOCRAT University of California Department of Literature La Jolla, Calif. 92038 I My dear young man: ALetter From P.Minetti... In any business, there prevails the laws of eco .:nstituti.on nomics which must be observed if one does not want to go broke. If you guarantee us a 5% profit, we will pay any wage you want us to. Proof of your financial ability to back this up would be necessary. Advice from a man who is very likely older than your grandfather: Deposit a copy of the letter you wrote us in your box at the bank. Wait 20 years so that you may have had some business ventures of your own and then re-read the letter and compare what you wrote us in January, 1967. with your reac' tions of 1987. Incidentally, the picking crew who walked out in September, 1966 did earn an average of $3.27 an hour. A fact of life is that the AFL-CIO is on a membership drive. As to our contract, it was signed September 18, The Leamon King... 1966. While Schenley signed recognition agreement. in the spring of 1966, it did not sign its collective (CONTINUED ~ROM PAGE 30) bargaining agreement until October, 1966. The also contacted byphone, "wehave Schenley UFWOC - AFL-CIO contract, a copy of already initiated two changes, one which we have, includes neither medical insurance, concerning booking and' reports, nor life insurance, nor unemployment insurance, all and the other dealing with an inter bf which are included in our contract for temporary county agreement between the ci as well as permanent workers. ty and Kern and Tulare counties. The Mayor could not explain the Our contract was the first full collective bargain discrepancy between his stateme ing agreement ever signed in behalf of farm workers, nts and that of the police chief. and still is the most generous and comprehensive. It appears that someone is try ing to fool the people, but we Yours very truly, don't know yet who. Antonio Perelli-Minetti And t~e Right Answer ! .Dear Mr. Pere1U-Minetti: Thank you for your reply to my reply. I hope you don't mind if I don't wait 20 years to send it to El Malcriado, which has al ready printed my letter to you. After all, you hardly typed it on the sort of paper that is likely to benefit from being in a bank for any number of years (20 years is a rather long time, by the say; Horace in his Letter to the Pisos recommends 9, as I re call). Besides, I think your workers are entitles to your reply as well as this reply to you r reply. Let me emphasize again that my letters to you are not an exer cise in personal acerbity or disrespect. The point of my first letter -- which point you seem to disregard -- is that you sent out a letter which purported to de-mislead people about the strike at Perelli-Minetti and which instead was more mislead ingly unclear and ambiguous than anything else I have read a bout the strike. If you look over my letter again, you will find that with one exception, all the information that it contains was taken -- sometimes verbatim -- from that "de-misleading" letter you yourself originated. Let me repeat: my only inter est in this matter is the TRUTH! With regard to the letter of yours now at hand, I propose to fol low the same method as in my reply to your previous letter. That is, I shall use only the information which you yourself fur nish -- this time with the exception of two reported facts. I would first like to expatiate on your repeated assertion that the crew which went on strike was earning "an average of $3. 27 an hour" (not $3.26 1/2 or 3.28 1/4?). That statement is per fectly compatible with the statement that most of the crew was earning less than the minimum wage, or even less than $1. 00 an hour, as anyone acquainted with statistics will knew. For example, if you had a crew of three and the foreman were earn- (CONTINUED 0 P. 18). Pete Ca.rdenas and Ruth Trujillo talk to the Dolores Huerta talks about the Union to a workers at the Di Giorgio ranch. group of farmworkers. With interest and attentiveness the workers listen to Cardenas and Dolores Huerta who went right to the vinyards to talk to them ~ Some of the olClest workers of the Di Giorgio corporation learn about the benefits of sefiorial they will receive in the Union. Josefina Gabaldon never trusted the Union, now, convinced, she signs the authorization card. A BIG CONTRAST THE STRONG CONTRAST BETWEEN A DEMOCRATIC UNION SUCH AS UFWOC AND THE UN-AMERICAN TEAMSTERS CAN BE SEEN IN THESE PHOTOGRAPHS. THE TEAM STERS HAVE USED CLUBS, GUNS, AND OTHER GESTAPO TECNIQUES TO REACH THEIR GOALS. THE UNITED FARM WORKERS ORGANIZ ING COMMITTEE, THE UNION OF; AND FOR THE FARM WORKER, WENT INTO THE FIELDS. SPOKE TO EACH OF THE WORKERS, AND EXPLAINED THE BENEFITS OF UNIONIZATION. THE WORKERS SIGNED CARDS WHICH ALLOW THE UNION TO DEDUCT DUES FROM THEIR PAYCHECKS AND WHICH GIVE THE WORKERS THE FULL BENEFITS UFWOC HAS SET UP FOR THEM. AND SO, THE BEST WEA- PON WE HAVE--DEMOCRACY- GOES INTO THE FIELDS TO SERVE THE FARM WORKERS. All the questions are answered clearly. Once the workers are convinced that the Union is acting for their good, they sign. EL MALCRIADO**Page 18 (CONTINUED fROM P. 15) truth".~ Tell the {CONTINUED FROM P.lS) What is he ?.... ing $8. 00 and hour, that crew woul9. be "averaging" $3. 33 an Drake," we responded. Rev. hour if the other two workers were earning $1. 00 an hour. Drake, who had just returned Would you therefore, in the interests of truth, undertake to from Texas, was above any kind <:ertify exactly how mu·ch most of the workers were earning on of suspicion or reproach. that crew, and what wage per hour the least paid was earning? "REVEREND DRAKE!" snort ed Minetti. "REVEREND DRAKE I ask for this more truthful statistic, because whatever expla HAS FOR OVER A YEAR NOW nation you may have for the strike, a strike of people in the e DISPLAYED HIS PREJUDICES conomic status of farm workers must have an economic motive LIKE A SIGN IN FRONT OF HIM. in terms of wage-and-hour rates. I see no reason why this fact NO, I WILL NOT TALK WITH should not apply to your farms as well as to the DiGiorgio hold THE REVEREND DRAKE." ings, etc. We said goodby and called the I must here insert a fact of my own gleaning; namely, that not Delano Record, a local adver only did your workers go on strike, they went on strike volunta tising sheetthathas for two years' rilyand without provocation from the UFW. A delegation of been at the service of Minetti. your workers -- so fantastically highly paid, according to you, . We asked the Record to set up a compared with farm wo.rkers elsewhere -- actually went to so joint interview with Minetti, in licit UFW support for a strike. Yet you continue to obscure the interest of public informa what economic motivation they might have had. Do you expect tion. The Delano Record said me to believe that they risked their jobs, their "high wages" they were very much interested and the welfare of their families to play some sort of practical in the idea but that they would joke on Perelli-Minetti? Just what do you expect me to believe? have to think about it. That the "AFL-CIO is on a membership drive" does not account We hope to be able to bring for the strike; you can't get workers to go on a strike when they you, in the next issue of EI Mal are being better paid than their fellows -- that's a practical criado, a joint interview with "law of economics" too. And that is the reason, to give a con the Delano Record, Fred perelli crete example, why the workers at IBM have never joined a Minetti, and ourselves. We intend to ask Minetti why he is union. afraid of our printing his side of the story, why he has so ruth As to the contract you signed with the Teamsters, you give the lessly opposed the same farm date of signing as September 18, 1966. Now I don't·have an ex workers who have created his ceptional memory, Mr. Perelli-Minetti, but isn't that just nine wealth, and whether he thinks days, according to your form letter, after the strike began at' the days of the local so-called your farms? And isn't such an agreement - - a "backdoor con aristocracy ofrich and power tract" I think it's called -- one of the underhanded means used ful families is at last at an end. in the annals of laQor history to break a strike? And, further more, if -- to refer t.~ your first letter -- this contract was signed with a union which represented a "majority" of your workers, how is it 'that the strike went on -- indeed, is still go ing on? Don Sotaco and ... (CONTINUED FROM P. 4) Now you begin this reply to my letter by informing me of the economic facts of life. I don't want to get into the complexities His Miseries", or "Don Sotoco of economics, and I certainly don't want to get involved in your and the Patroncito", either of business problems -- I've got enough of my own, thank you. these names. I will send you But permit me to point out that "a 5% profit" is another tricky copies as soon as I have finished statistic -- 5% profit on what? On your farm workers? As it. long as you bring up your own economic considerations with re In order to finish it, I need gard to the strike, however, let me ask you a question. Pre some details on the Huelga in De sumable, you are against the strike on economic grounds, since lano. The cartoon characters you argue on this basis yourself. But hasn't the strike and the are my inspiration, together with resulting boycott cut your distribution and sales by two-thirds? the history of the strike, and I Wouldn't it be less costly to negotiate to end the strike, seeing hope to carry in my person those how you are paying such high wages anyway? same principles of the strike: that of the betterment of the Please keep in mind that these questions of mine are not rheto . people. rical; they are asked by COMMON SENSE in the interests of Please receive my kindest TRUTH. What are the answers? And again let me reiterate. regards. that I have nothing against you personally, still less your pro Yours very truly, duct -- which the boycott :prevents me from judging, as to its M. C. L. Ruiz, Be quality anyway. Nor have I brought up any matters which you Brawley, California at yourself have not touched upon first -- concerning which you (CONTINUES ON P. 30) EL MALCRIAOO**Page 19 -: No.4 '. EL MALCRIADO**Page 20 ILLllSTRATIONS TAKEN FROM MATERIAL PUBLI_ I THE SACRIFICE OF SHED BY THE DEPART_ THE WOBBLIES l\IENT OF EDUCATION OF THE U.A. W. 800 E. Jeffer son Ave., Detroit 14, l\lichigan. AND THE BIRTH OF THE AFL-CIO THE GREAT DEPRESSION WAS HERE, MIRRORED IN THE STARVING EYES OF MILLIONS OF AMERlc;ANS By BOB DUDNI:C!K PLEAse WAI The Wobblies were finished, been miners in their youth. That was the end of the simil~ B~ The Knights of Labor rattled TURti lh their chains in the dead past. rity. Green was a quiet, polite Gene Debs had lost the Pull little man who wanted to get ~ man strike, ending hope for long with everybody. Lewis one big rail union. The war was a big, bulky, opiniona~ed, was over. Prosperity was o erratic man-and when he mo ver. The Great Depression ved, mountains got out of the was here, mirrored in the ho.! way. low and starving eyes of mil Lewis began agitating for lions of Americans. something similar to the old But still labor creaked a IWW goal of mass, "vertical" long. There was only 'one hou unions which would represent se of labor now, if you didn't everyone in a plant regardless count the independent railway of their job classification. brotherhoods. That one house He pressed this so energe was the AFL. It h d done much tically that at the next year's good work in organi' and AFL convention, the Commi protecting the skilled w ers .. ttee on Industrial Organization Plenty of them were out of was set up to keep Big John jobs in this year of 1934, but happy. But there was a joker even mote of the unskilled in the deck: the CIO was to be were selling apples and slurp only an arm of the AFL. Fur ing starvation Army Soup. ther, it was only to study and John L. Lewis knitted his report back to the parent bodY,. thick eyebrows at the AFL co~ Its activities were to be limi vention that year of '34. He ted to "educational and adviso must have thought of this as he ry" work. mulled over past-and future But Lewis & Co. had no blood to be spilled in the coal such limitations in their minds. mines. He looked up to the They immediately used the· platform where William Green CIO to organize the mass in was presiding as AFL presi dustries-steel, rubber, autos, dent, successor to Gompers, textiles, radio-the works. The who had died in 1924. AFL was enraged. It kicked No two men started from out the unions which had re the same point and wound up presentatives on the Commit so far apart. Both were sons tee on Industrial Organization. of Welsh miners and both had Only the International Ladies CONT. ON P. 22 EL MALCRIADO**Page 22 Today. .. Today... And yet today: The law The Sacrifice of... protects not everyone. Suits are not sold to all 'union orga CONTINUED FROM P. 21 nizers. The NLRB does not Garment Workers was allowed contribute to-any union, a adjudicate all disputes. All to remain. clause which destroyed most men are not yet equal. This deterred Lewis not at company unions. It formed the Labor has come a long way. all. The ousted unions decided National Labor Relations It has a long way to go. to form a rival federation. Board (the NLRB). It has 8. long way to go in They renamed the committee There were many stirring some fog-shrouded little farm ,the Congress of Indu3trial Or strikes after that, as labor be town in a rich California val 'ganizations, keeping the CIO came confident and manage- ley. In a dirt street, ,back initals.and Lewis.....WI'ote to ment grew enraged. It was the wash of some hacienda down ill William Green: same old story allover again the forgotten part of Texas. lIDear Sir and Brother: the same as at Pullman, Pater son, Colorado, 'Bisbee, and - Effective this date, I resign History has not changed for as Vice-president of the Ame these people. They are the li rican Feperation of Labor. 1I ving extension of the textile, Lewis was elected CIO presi steel, mining and lumbering dent and the organizing drive began.. strikes of yesterday. The u nions won those battles yester Sit-down strikes, slow... downs, battles, pickets, poli day. History says they will tics-everything \\ent into it. win new battles tomorrow. The CIO had two advantages: But tomorrow's battles will not be won without pain first, it had some of the smar test people in the movement, and sacrifice. This is always and second, it stayed away the way it has been. So, in from the utopianism that next issue's installment, we'll wrecked the IWW. Nonethe look at some of the great less, the lICIO organizerllwas strikes and individual unions a terror in the minds of ma of the past. There are many nagement and good, solid,peo similarities l?etween their pIe, everywhere, not to men struggles and our own. tion the AFL. The CIO got underway in The Stor-y IBle'hi,nd:. _,_ 1938. The previous year ha~ been pivotal in the history of (CONTINUED FROM P. 25) labor because that was the kid lay on the ground, clawing year that the CIO as well as 9 the earth with pain. Brutus Quinn ther labor groups were given came after him again. He did'nt a new weapon: the Wagner Act see the knife in the kid's hand The Wagner Act actually until after it was too ' late. was passed two years earlier. It was rescued from the bulk JOHN'L. LEWIS *************** of the National Industrial Re covery Act, which the Suprezrn Two months later I was in the Court held unconstitutional. ~he rest. With one exception: Bakersfield Court on some busi But in 1937, the Wagner Act, this time I abor was winning. ness of the Huelga. By coincidence which was based on Sect. 7(A) Later, of course, tbe AFL in the hallway, I saw the kid who of NffiA, was declared consti and the CIO merged to present had lost the two lambs. He was tutionally pure by the court a united front against manage handcuffed to an assistant D.A. and the gates were opened t~ ment. Today, the great strikes whom I knew. I stopped them. organizing. of the past are nearly forgot "What's happening?" I asked, This was Labor's Magna ten. Today, labor men wear as I saw his eyes flash again. How Carta. It gave the mov.ement suits and ties almost as expen much time are you going to get?" a standing in law that it had sive as those worn by ma- His eyes glazed over and he never had before. It prohibit~d nagement men. looked at me with an incredibly management to interfere with dull stare. His voice sounded organizing in any way. It for Today, the law-even with empty as he s~d, emphasisin'g bade the boss to restrain em the Taft-Hartley Act-protects each word, "What's the difference?" 'ployees and required him to labor to a greater extent than The UA. tugged at him and they bargain collectively. It told anyone could have dreamed of went down the hall, their steps him not to dominate-or even in the early days. echoing. EL MALCRIADO**Page 23' -LEARN THE LAW AND SAVE MONEY- Visit us at 105 Asti street or write to us at Box 460, Delano, Calif., 93215. Phone 725-0161 FREE LESSONS OFFERED NOW Did you know that 30~ of your income goes to the Internal Revenue because you are not familiar with the tax laws? Lesson I. Usually th~ companies that a per son w'orks for_sends them either a W-2 Form or Earnings ReportE for the {last year, These tell ex actly how much that person made for that company during the past year. Many times though, lab or contractors do not furnish the W-2 Forms or the Earnings He ports. In that case, the person should have their check stubs so that they can figure out how much they made in the past year. Some people will not receive their W-2 Forms or their Earn ings Reports because they have PART OF THE PERSONNEL IN CHARGE. moved and their mail is not for OF PREPARING THE LESSONS. warded. In that case, too, they should bring their check stubs so we can figure, their earnings for New TEST YOURSELF AND SEE WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED. the past year, CHOOSE TWO OUT OF EACH GROUP OF THREE SENTENCES. <. ONE OF THEM IS INCORRECT. There are many things which a person pars forJduring the year) ~UaUIU.laA02------'sau!:J alfl asn-e:Jag ''Z' which are considered tax deductL ~-eLJ.M. -!paUl uo puads nOA . £ ·S.la):[.lOIx\ ible--that is they can be subtrac 'SUO!~ .l!alfl o~ UlaLJ.~ puas ~ou op ted from the person's earnings --e.lado .lalflo .10 A.lalhns uo S.lO~:J-e.l~uO:J aUlOS asn-e:Jag '1 and one doesn't have to pay taxes ~uads aA-eLJ. nOA ~-eLJ.1x\ AIuO ''Z on them. Medical and dental ex 's1Pq ~spuap pu-e .lOpOa 'I :SWlIO.iI 'Z- M. 3:H~ 3:AI3::::>3:lI penses and dr'ugs and medicines ~ON oa 3:'1d03:d 3:WOS J..HM. are de~ucti~le. If you have re :3:aD'1:::>NI S3:lIDn ceipts for such expenses bring aN3:dX3: H~'1V3:H lIDOJ.. NO 'ssoq .lnOA UlO.lJ .lanaI V '£ them with you when you come to SNOU:::>Da3:a 3:H~ .iI0 3:WOS 'noA paA-ed ssoq .lnOA ~-eLJ.~ have your tax return prepared. s):[:JaLJ.:J aLJ.~ UlO.lJ sqn~9 aLJ.~ ''Z If you don't have the receipts, try 'ssa.lpp-e ~LJ.g!.l. Ul.l0.iI 'Z- M. aLJ.~ '1 to remember how much you paid aLJ.~ ~-e nOA LJ.:J-ea.l ~,U-e:J ~t pu-e for Ml'ldical and dental bills and paAoUl aA-eLJ. nOA asn-e:Jag .£ :03:3:N DOJ.. SWlIO.iI for drugs and medicines during 'Ulatp puas ~,usaop XV~ 3:H~ ~DO '1'1U O~ the year. EL MALCRIADO***PAGE 24 EL MALCRIADO .***PAGE 25 TH( STOR Y B(H INOT H( A STORY BY BILL ESHER / would drag race, or shoot up eyes flashed. Then seeing hire local teenagers at less and women who were pruning road signs with their 22's. i no got a carro. Pleese do that I meant it, he turned than the going rate, and that's vines. 0 One night I met him at the not fire me, senor pendejo!" and walked away abruptly, how the kid with the lost The group drew back, the He was twenty-one years old embarassed at our instant of Tic-Toe. He was boozed up *********** and he, together with a lambs happened to be there, and talkine: loud. disturbing girls giggling, the boys cur communication. When he working with his brothers friend who went partners the old men gambling in the ious, afraid and proud of their was a little way off he callec. and several others. Some of the kids were fool with him, kept a few p.igs and back. After a while--too spokesman. Brutus Quinn "I'll see you" over his ing around, all in a bunch felt a curtain of anger drop two lambs in the tumbledown shoulder. drunk to drive-- he asked" me down at the nd of one of he pens out back. He wasn't all to drive him home, since it down over his eyes. He turn But I didn't see him. I saw rows. The fog was swirling ed toward this intense mock American and he wasn't all was on my way. around the vines and they his brother in front of their I Th e Crew Boss ing Mexican who was so effec Mexican but he was an awful On the way home he told thought the boss was at the lot of both. , house the next week. They me about the two lambs, how tively putting him on. He owned an old four-room other end of the vineyard. flet the anger tighten inside "I just got out of jail, " he I had known Brutus Quinn he'd gone o,ut to the country house where 14 of them lived S~hool But suddenly he appeared. his skull and he felt it snap. said. "Somebody stole the in Delano High before with some younger guys, --mostly small children. The but we met again at Mar It had been an aggravating He smashed his fist into that lambs while I was away. " stolen them, and then set up father had lost his fingers in shall's party and the girls we day for Brutus Quinn. The mocking brown face. But the His hair was cut close from a game. a work accident last year and were going with knew each crew wasn't much good. In kid was too fast and Brutus the barber at the county jail ''We held 'em and soaked there wasn't much money. other, so I would see him fact, the minute he took his Quinn bounced off the wires and he had that trim dark . 'em with gasoline, " he told "We're all going pruning next now and then. He was a little eyes off them they would of the vines, off balance and look like an animal who some me, as I drove him through start fooling around. It was week, " the brother told ~e. unpleasant to'look at: it was the dark streets, "and lit 'em surprised. times has to run and some "The taxes have to be pald on the look of an ex-marine Sunday anyway, very' cold, But he recovered and gave times has to hunt. . both up at the same time. It and nobody felt like working. the house and the Chevy gone soft. ins father had as 'was a race, you know? Well, the kid a tremendous kick, "What were you in jail for?" needs a transmission. Munoz much money as most people, He knew that one of the kids, sending him sprawling. The I asked him. . mine won, but you should just that day, had called him is giving us work, " he added, since he managed Priolo's have heard the noise they (Turn to page 22) He smiled tightly and said, making an ugly face. biggest Delano ranch. B ru "El Pendejo", and now they "What's the difference? You made! " were all doing it, not quite· They went to work at Pri tus fought a lot witlr him, es We stopped at a stop sign, gringos are all alike. What's ola Number Nine, pruning pecially when they'd both within hearing. the difference? i was in jail, and his whirling brain set it He lit into the group of 'Vines for the contractor Paul been drinking--and the old self onto another subject, and see? For two months, that's Munoz. Munoz was one of man drank a lot. joking kids, grabbed one of all, and while I was there I never heard about the two those coyotes who bring Brutus drank a lot too. It them who hadn't been work somebody stole those two lambs from him again. ing worth a damn, and gave winos and others up from LA was the drinking of boredom The next week he lost his lambs." He muttered to in busses, keep them in a and despair, the drinking of him a shove. himself and then kicked vi job as security 'guard at Di "You're through, " he said. labor camp, work them to a small drab city that is or Giorgio and went to work for ciously at a nearby section death and cheat them, and ganized for making money, "You can get out right now. " of irrigation pipe sending it Paul Munoz on his father's then turn them loose as broke but not for Iiving. He would "But senor, " the kid said flying. own ranch. Munoz had hired with mock intensity and a as before. drive out into the country in . him as a crew pusher for a I didn't want to be there. But sometimes when he his father's GTe with a few teasing expression, "eet ees bunch of Mexican teenagers five miles to the pueblo and I said, "I'm sorry, " and his needed a sm all crew he would friends at night and they THANKS TO HONORIO HAVING TRADED HIS VALUABLE WATCH FOR A FALSE PASS· PORT WffiCH HE THOUGHT MIGHT COME IN USEFUL IN THE FUTURE, HE AND HIS By Andrew Zermeno FRIENDS WERE ABLE TO LEAVE JAIL. DESPERATELY HUNGRY, THEY WALKED TO THE FOOD MARKET IN SEARCH OF THE COYOTE CONTRACTOR THAT WAS RECOMMENDED TO THEN'IN JAIL, AS A TRANSPORTER OF WET-BACKS TO THE & Daniel de los Reyes TEXAS FIELDS. ~ N -:.; ';.{ :::..- '."\~:~" '.~ ~ ~~_. ... , ... r, <;:71<~~; ,.:~'. oJ' '__~'::, '- -' ::l -:(. ~_noLDUS~ :'~ ---s;;;;;~~"DID YOU HEAR ~'''''----2 'It ''WELL, I'M NOT SO 'THAT WE COULD /P '::;::-:THAT? WE HAVE 3 -=::: SURE ABOUT HIM-LAS bill _ 1/ '..J '::::FIND 'EL PINTO' ::...::J;: "SURE, 'EL PINTO' i / TIME 'EL PINTO' TOLD MORE CLIENTSl ....J ~HERE. IT SEEMS --SIS INSIDE THERE. I RIGHT NOW I HAVE / -:(. ~THAT ~ ME THATHISBOSSHAD THERE'll A ALREADY SIGNED, N'T PAID roM YET AND AN ORDER FOR 15 ~ '" CHANCE OF GETTING 1 AND IT SEEMS THAT SO HE STILL OWES ME MEN FOR A RANCH WORK ON THE OTHER WE LEAVE TONIGHT" IN TEXAS." .-... SIDE. " THAT MONEY. " e N ~ lIn, '\ UTE' CONTRACTOR, TAKING ADVANTAGE OF THEm HUNGER, FORCES THEM TO SIGN THE PAPER WInCH STATES THE mGH AMOUNT OF MONEY THAT THEY MUST PAY TO BE TAKEN TO TEXAS. /" ,;1,. --"":-- -..- co C'I Cl) 01. cIj Po< * "THANK YOU, BOSS, ~ THA,NK YOU. NOW I WILL BE ABLE TO § MAKE MONEY TO SEND ...:l TO THE OLD LADY AND « . THE KIDS." ~ ...:l til 0) C':l Q) ''WE ALREADY HAVE THE 15 MEN THAT WE NEED. TIDS WILL GIVE US AT LEAST $1200. CHUY ONTIVEROS SURE IS DOING bO THAT CAR AND THAT CIl A GOOD JOB, SENDING US ALL THOSE WETBACKS." 0.. OMAN, THAT'S FOR ME, * AND IF ONE MAKES MONEY o* A~ THE U. S. I WILL GET .~ rl·HOSE THINGS SOME DAY.' § ....:I .<: ::E ....:I PLl "SOMETHING MUSTJ:3 ONG. WHY WOULD HE E CHARGING US SO MUCH?' "I THINK THEY JUST PUT UP ITHAT STATUE TO SAY THAT "'~NLIFE BECOMES UNBE~L~"• ABLE IN OUR COUNTRY, WE ~-~._~~-~;--~~~~~§SI SHOULD FOLLOW IDS INSTRU l'\I TlONS AND GO NORTH." . EL MALCRIADO**P~.~30 The Leamon King.;. police department have already been made... " Councilman Frank Herrera called for strong lContinu~d from Pg. 3) er action by placing three proposals before the ded the city council meeting and voiced their council. One calling for a re -examination of the complaint. The Council took the matter under November reorganization of the Delano police consideration and started an investigation. department. Second, the cancellation of then On Wed., Feb. 1, the·city manager Luis She Lt. Gilbert's promotion to Captain. And third, pard asked that a special meeting of the Council an investigation of the incident to be conducted hear~the be held on Friday to King case. by a special board. On Friday, Feb. 3, the Council met, took evi On Tues., Feb. 7, Police Chief Ailes is repo! dence, and then adjourned until Monday. ted to have said that "no change s in police pro But the Rev. R. B.Moore, Belano's Uncle Tom. cedure have been made and no specific changes interceded on Saturday, F,eb.4, when, according have been proposed. to the Delano Record he "contacts Police Chief Only two of the proposal were submitted as Ailes to warn that the Bakersfield NAACP may motions and only the motion callin for the re become involved and urges the problem be set examination of the police department structure tled before Monday night. passed. The second motion calling for an inves· Mayor Joe Hochschild' called a spec ial meet tigation failed, with only Herrera voting for it. ing Saturday night between himself, the City M~ On Wed., Feb. 16, Chief Ailes told this re nager. the Police Chief and Mr. King. porter in a telephone interview that "there have On Monday, Feb.6, Mayor Hochschild reports been no changes· made. I have received no dire~ " that in the Sat. meeting "the matter was resolved tives to change any training or any procedures. satisfactorily, so there will be no further public It's been talked about informally, but we have hearings by the City Council." The Mayor con no definite plans. tinued, '.'Procedural changes in the office of the However, according to .the Mayor, who was (CONTINUED ON PAGE 14) ::. EL MALCRIADO needs reporters that will send in informative and graphic material from California and the rest of the U. S. We would prefer those persons who are involved with the farm workers and their cause, If you ARE a farm worker better still, but this is not a pre requisite. We want these collaborations to be in accordance with the editorial policy of EL MALCRIADO -- a magazine to help farm work ers, with no interest in monetary profit, rather a strong commitment to a just cause that is not only the cause of the farm workers, but also of all the rest of the Mexican-American people. Write to us at EL MALCRIADO, P.O. Box 1060, Delano, California, 93215. l ." TleU the : truth ... (CONTINVED FROM P. 18) have supplied most of my information. I have not. to give an example, mentioned the fact that you and most of the other largE farming concerns in this state have profitted from irrigation projects paid for by all of the taxpayers of this state. In conclusion, sir. let me say that I am interested in hearing The Ominous .... honest facts, not advice (whether you be as old as my grandfa ~ (CONTINUED FROM P.7) ther is a purely academic question. both my grandfathers hav ing died some time back). You want it to appear that you are an and at the top of the pyramid of honest man, and I will not deny that. Why don't you assuem that misery and greed is Connally. In that your workers are also honest men. most of them hard- between are hundreds of moron .working and trying to earn a decent wage in a world where it is deputy sheriffs, company guards, more difficult to make something our of nothing than it ever hired thugs, and corrupt judges. was? They don't want dignity; dignity is something they were Added to this year upon year are . born with, not something you or anyone else could bestow on the hopelessness and disallusion them. But they want to be treated with dignity; they don't want ment of the poor. It-Is into this to be managed and manipulated by backdoor contracts and sta fantastic mess of man against tistics. man that EI Malcriadi is travel I cannot wait until 1987 to send you this letter; .that would be ing next week, to bring you the three years after 1984. and it's too close to 1984 already. true story of the dismal present and the possible future of the Truthfully yours. Valley of the Rio Grande. Robert M. Philmus EL MALCRIADO**Page 31 NOW YOU CAN OWN A PICTURE OF CESAR CHAVEZ A' FULL-SIZE 8 x 10 BLACK AND WHITE GLOSSY PHOTOGRAPH OF THIS PICTURE OF CESAR CHAVEZ~ SUITABLE FOR FRAMING. Mailed to your home•• 0 •••• 0 $2. 50 Set of five(all the same)•••• $10.00 This picture was taken February 11, 1967 as Chavez spoke to over 15? 000 students gathere.d at the steps of the Capitol in Sacramento. This is the first photo of Cesar Chavez by any photographer that has been made available to the public. The photographer. Emmon Clarke, is the staff photographer ofEL MALCRIADO, and has been published in several magazines and newspapers in the United States and Mexico. The photo prints are available from~ PHOTO, Box 1060, Delano, California 93215 HE STRUGGLE AG~INST IGNORANCE ------heard by the 200,000 residents of Sacramento, fol lowing Governor Reagan as he abandoned the micro and at the request of the organizers of the march, phone and disappeared in a hurry. eryone sat down so that those beWnd, some as far Speakers followed one after another, with words as several blocks, would be able to see what was ' that made history, words that showed the way, reach ppening. That was when Governor Reagan got in ing the minds of the 20,000 students there who listened to the act and asked to be heard by the crowd. with rapt attention. Phrases like: "The shadows of ignorance surround WE ARE THE PEOPLE us"; "ThiS is a destructive administration"; "We are Unfortunately the Governor had not gone there to the people, and yOU'd better listen, Governor"; "It's listen to the students, but, it seems, to give them a necessary to put in order the chaos caused by Ronald sermon and to reprimand them. He raised his voice R~an"; "Form the Third Force: farm workers, stu and said with a certain scornful tone: "I interrupted dents, Negroes, and the poor whites"; "We are going my schedule to come over and listen to you, but you from houS'e ';0 house, if necessary, and get the sup should understand that as the Governor I represent port of those who don't yet understand the damage he the people of California and I will do what has to be has been doing to our state." done!" And saying "I will do what has to be done," he: THE PROMISE meant that he intends to cut the budget of the colleges This was the beginning of the end of these bad poli and the University, and to raise tuition, stopping the ticians, those blinded by their power and wealth and poor people from getting an education. He was speak whose ignorance keeps them from seeing that students· ing of taking 82 million dollars out of the 278 million throughout the world are dynamite. It was clear to see per year that the University needs. He meant to cut that this was the beginning of the formation of the the number of teachers and to affect the quality of the "Third Force," and that the idea of forming a strong educational equipment, and to throw thousands of stu alliance among the minority grwps, victims of the e dents out of the classrooms. In short, he was talking vil politicians; and germinated here. of making out of public education only a privilege for A student stood up and yelled, "We want to hear those with large fortunes, and closing the door of edu Cesar Chavez!" Another repeated the demand, and cation to the poor. this was supported unanimously , until the dynamic This simply meant "to keep them in their places," leader of the farm workers came to the microphone. in a sea of ignorance, those who are fighting in Cali At the end of a short, brilliant speech, he committed fornia to stop the exploitation of man by man. the farm workers to fight side by side to victory with And he didn't have to go too far for an answer. the students with this phrase: "This fight is our fight, From the throat of a lone student came a yell that and, as we say on the farms, 'We ain't givin' j'1. 'till If as repeated by many others until it became a verita we win. ' Ie storm: "We ~ the people!" And they repeated s phrase, which resounded from the tall buildings t surround the Capitol, a yell that must have been lA M(XICA~A Bakery DELANO BAKERSFIELD WASCO It 407 Eleventh Ave. 630 Baker Street 1000 ItF Street Tel. 725-9178 Tel. 323 -4294 Tel. 758-5774 THREE LOCATIONS TO SERVE ALL OF KERN COUNTY L A V B E A N o E S P A a z A FARM WORKER PRESS BOX 1060 L1e;s~ GrneeTls.f.elder 28& DELANO, CALIF. 93215 3'43 M011ltf'oro It V'6 Mill V&lll~ em'l ~ 41" LAST ISSUE ~J~ ~~ NEW SU B. TODAY