Social Monitoring Report – EMDP Implementation

Project Number: 40626-013 Semi-Annual Report September 2015

PRC: Yunnan Integrated Road Network

Development Project

Prepared by Beijing Zhongkehongce Consulting Company. for the People’s Republic of China and the Asian Development Bank.

This social monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Asian Development Bank

External Monitoring Report - EMDP Implementation

# 7 Semi-Annual Report Sep 2015

2709-PRC: Yunnan Integrated Road Network Development Project (Longrui Expressway)

Prepared by Beijing Zhongkehongce Consulting Company.

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Table of Contents I. INTRODUCTION ...... 7

A. PROJECT BRIEF AND CONSTRUCTION PROGRESS...... 7 B. THIS REPORT ...... 7 II. METHODOLOGY ...... 7 III. EMDP IMPLEMENTATION STATUS ...... 8 IV. FIELD FINDINGS ...... 13

A. EMPLOYMENT OF ETHNIC MINORITY PEOPLE ...... 13 B. TECHNICAL TRAINING ...... 13 C. NON-FARM EMPLOYMENT SKILL TRAINING ...... 13 D. OVERALL INCOME RESTORATION OF EM VILLAGES ...... 13 E. INCOME RESTORATION OF LAND LOSS EM HHS ...... 13 F. LEVEL OF SATISFACTION OF INTERVIEWED EM HHS ...... 14 G. IMPLEMENTATION OF C&P PLAN ...... 14 V. COMPLEMENTARY MEASURES OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS ...... 14

A. CONSTRUCTION OF BEAUTIFUL VILLAGES ...... 15 B. REVOLVING FUNDS TO HIV/AIDS AFFECTED POOR WOMEN ...... 15 C. PREVENTION OF CULTURE LOSS ...... 15 VI. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT AND CAPACITY ...... 16 VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ...... 16 VIII. CONCLUSION ...... 16 ANNEX 1: QUICK ASSESSMENT RESULTS OF EM HHS ...... 17

Table 1: EM Villages Surveyed ...... 8 Table 2: EMDP Implementation Progress (as of September 2015) ...... 9 Table 3: Implementation of C&P Plan ...... 14

Figure 1: Longrui Expressway and Aligned Counties and Townships ...... 3 Figure 2: Ethnic Minority Style Toll Gates ...... 3 Figure 3: Promoting and Inheriting Ethnic Minority Cultures ...... 4 Figure 4: Xiaomidi Lisu Village ...... 4 Figure 5: Chudonggua De’ang Village...... 5 Figure 6: Training of Ethnic Minority Farmers ...... 5 Figure 7: Cash Crops Production in Dai Villages in Mangshi ...... 6 Figure 8: Cash Crops and Animal Production in Dai and Jingpo Villages Ruili ...... 6

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Figure 1: Longrui Expressway and Aligned Counties and Townships

Figure 2: Ethnic Minority Style Toll Gates

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Figure 3: Promoting and Inheriting Ethnic Minority Cultures

Figure 4: Xiaomidi Lisu Village

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Figure 5: Chudonggua De’ang Village

Figure 6: Training of Ethnic Minority Farmers

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Figure 7: Cash Crops Production in Dai Villages in Mangshi

Figure 8: Cash Crops and Animal Production in Dai and Jingpo Villages Ruili

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I. Introduction

A. Project Brief and Construction Progress 1. The proposed Longrui expressway component includes a 128.96 km expressway, 6.0 km of link roads to 7 interchanges and a 34.44 km Class II road. The expressway starts at the end of the Baoshan-Longling Expressway in Longling County, passes Mangshi (Mangshi City) and ends at Mengmao Township of Ruili City. A new Class II road will continue from the end of the expressway to Nongdao Border Port (China–Myanmar border). The expressway and Class II road traverse 4 state farms and 42 villages/communities of 14 townships/subdistricts in Longling County, Mangshi City and Ruili City. 2. Figure 1 shows the Longrui Expressway in Yunnan Province. 3. The Mangshi-Wanding section of the Longrui Expressway opened for operation on 30 May 2015 and the construction of Wanding-Ruili section is basically completed as of 25 September 2015 and is scheduled for operation on September 2015; while construction of the Longling-Mangshi section is largely done and it is scheduled to open for traffic in October 2015. 4. The toll gates were designed and constructed of ethnic minority styles (see Figure 2). B. This Report 5. This report, the seventh semi-annual monitoring report, 1 summarized EMDP implementation before September 2015.

II. Methodology

6. The monitoring of EMDP implementation was combined with that for RP implementation. The monitor visited the project area in September 2015, met/interviewed about 230 persons, including APs in 12 ethnic minority (EM) natural villages, staff of LREC, staff of prefecture and county/city coordination offices, as well as township and village officials. The visited EM (natural) villages, are listed in the table below.2 As indicated in the table, the 12 natural covered 4 ethnic minority groups of Dai, De’ang, Jingpo and Lisu. Two natural villages, Xiaomidi and Chudonggua, were specifically targeted as they are dominated by two less populated ethnic minority groups of De’ang and Lisu respectively. 7. The methods used for monitoring included: (i) simple questionnaire survey of sample HHs aimed at rapid assessment of income and livelihood restorations status of EM APs (detailed survey results are presented in monitoring report on LAR); (ii) site visits of ethnic minority villages to assess income restoration and other development activities; (iii) interviewing LREC and coordination offices, township officials and village leaders to assess the implementation status of restoration measures; and (iv) literature review regarding local governments’ efforts in promoting ethnic minority development.

1 The first and second monitoring reports were termed as social monitoring reports that combined both RP and EMDP implementation monitoring. At the requirement of the ADB social specialist responsible for this project, separated mentoring reports were prepared since the third report. 2 The monitor revisited same villages as that presented in the previous monitoring report.

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Table 1: EM Villages Surveyed County/City Township Administrative village Natural village Ethnic group Mangshi Santaishan Chudonggua 1. Chudonggua De’ang Mangshi Lahuai 2. Waimangguai Dai Zhefang Humen 3. Batuo Dai Zhemao 4. Zhexiang Dai Fengping Mangsai 5. Manghong Dai 6. Layuan Mixed Ruili Mengmao Mangling 7. Huoma Jingpo 8.Mangling Dai Jiele 9. Jiele Dai Wanding Hunban 10. Mangman Dai Jiexiang E’luo 11. Laiwu Dai Longling Longxin Huangcaoba 12. Xiaomidi Lisu

III. EMDP Implementation Status

8. The EMDP implementation status, as of September 2015, is presented in the table below. As indicated, the proposed measures were implemented as scheduled with set targets achieved: (i) Project benefits and enhancement measures: all proposed actions were satisfactorily implemented. (ii) Mitigation measures to address social risks: all planned actions were taken to mitigate project’s negative impacts and social risks. (iii) Complementary measures of local governments: local governments had taken many more actions to promote ethnic minority development and inheriting ethnic minority cultures (see also Figure 3).

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Table 2: EMDP Implementation Progress (as of September 2015) Risks and Proposed Actions Target Group(s) Agencies Timing Monitoring Status of actions Involved Indicators 1. PROJECT BENEFITS AND ENHANCEMENT MEASURES • Priority of unskilled labor Resettlement Contractor 2011- % of EMs employed • 3,500 person months of locals were employed during Jan-June employment to EMs affected Dai, LREC 2014 2015, of which 55% were EM people De’ang & Jingpo • Use Local Construction Materials Contractors Contractors 2011- % local materials • 100% for stones and sands 2014 used • Contracting logistic services Dai, De’ang and Contractors 2011- % of service • About 80% of services contracted to EMs in Mangshi and Ruili (water, vegetable, etc) of Jingpo along the ERAB 2014 contracted to Ems cities construction workers to EMs expressway • Give tunnels, bridges EM names Expressway and LREC and 2011- % of tunnels an • 100%, all 15 tunnels and 100 big bridges were named after EMs local 2015 bridge current local (EM) names for mountains, rivers and locations. government • Set up ethnic minority item shop All five EM groups LREC, EARB After # of EM shops in the • After 2015 in the service centers 2015 areas • Regular meetings with Resettlement Contractors 2011- # of meetings • One formal meeting in each natural village each year, 195 in total communities to maintain good affected LREC 2014 organized (Longling: 30, Mangshi: 102, Ruili: 63). relationship with communities communities • Many informal meetings. • Special actions for EM Resettlement Contractors 2011- Special actions • Many actions, see Section IV-D of the last monitoring report. communities by contactors affected EMs LREC, 2014 taken by contractors 2. MITIGATION MEASURES TO ADDRESS SOCIAL RISKS 2.1 Minimizing land acquisition and house demolition effect • Design the expressway to avoid Resettlement LREC, DI, 2011- Refer to RP plus • Design done by 2011 damage of farmland, water affected EMs LRBs and 2013 ‐ Degree of • Favorable compensation rates such as treating wastelands and source, irrigation system (mainly Dai and a ERABs satisfaction of some forestland as dry farmland, training Zone II as Zone I in • Proper compensation few De’ang and Mangshi, please refer to the External Monitoring Report on LAR EMs • Sustainable livelihood Jingpo) (No.5) for details. development and training • Livelihood development is underway and a lot of training sessions • Restore of temporarily occupied were carried out. All affected HHs were trained by township farmland, irrigation systems technical staff at least once in a year. Please refer to the External Monitoring Report on LAR (No.7) for details. • Remaining 1,715mu, mentioned in the last monitoring report, was restored in 2015. • EM APs are highly satisfactory with the LAR works of the project 2.2 Minimize effect of separating of house from farmland • Build appropriate and adequate Resettlement DI, 2011- % of EM • Over 300 passes/crossings were in place during construction, and passes (underpass or overpass) affected EMs contractors, 2014 communities APs production and living were basically not affected LREC satisfied with local • 100% of EM communities are satisfactory with crossings access 2.3 Minimize effect on EM culture • Monitor to ensure there are no Dai and others Contractors 2011- # of relics • No relics and holy tress affected impacts on cultural relics or holy LREC, CAB 2104 documented; if • A temper of 77.4m2 was properly relocated in Mangshi, and the trees discovered under total relocation cost was CNY 136,496. The compensation alignment averaged at CNY 1,764/m2, higher than the highest compensation rate of CNY 1,300/m2 for affected houses. Relocation, carried out by villagers, strictly followed the religious procedures. • EM cultural awareness program Dai, De’ang and Contractors 2011- % of workers • 100% of construction workers were trained, at least twice a year.

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Risks and Proposed Actions Target Group(s) Agencies Timing Monitoring Status of actions Involved Indicators for construction workers Jingpo LREC, ERAB 2014 trained, level of • Constant liaison with community leaders, as well of CO and • Liaise with community leaders to community relations township staff respect local customs and taboo • Avoid work-camps near De'ang De’ang Ditto 2011- Proximity of camps • The nearest camp in Santaishan Township is 2km away from villages 2014 to De’ang De’ang communities. communities 2.4 Minimize risk of communicable diseases • HIV/AIDS Awareness for LREC & LREC, 2010- Refer to HAPP • Separate reports on HAPP implementation are available under a ‐ all project construction contractors’ staff, contractors, 2015 separate ADB TA. workers workers, villagers, HBs, CDCs • All construction workers and villagers along the expressway were ‐ nearby villages, CSWs trained/awareness built ‐ local commercial sex workers • No CSWs found. (CSWs) • Malaria prevention and control All construction Contractors, 2011- # of nets provided • Malaria free area, 0 case among workers during 2011-2015 among construction workers workers HBs, CDCs 2104 # of rooms sprayed • All camps are in good sanitation conditions as per national ‐ proper sanitation at work sites; requirement ‐ use of mosquito nets, spraying • Each worker has a mosquito net, regular spraying in buildings buildings • Campus are within villages/towns with good access to ‐ treatment for affected workers clinic/hospitals • Tuberculosis prevention and Ditto Ditto Ditto # of workers • Compulsory health screening before signing work contract each control among construction screened season workers # of workers treated • 0 TB case found during 2011-2015 ‐ annual health screening for all workers; ‐ quarantine & treatment for affected workers 2.5 Anti-drug use and trafficking, anti-human trafficking • Anti-drug use Construction Contractors, 2011- # training • Mostly combined with HIV/AIDS awareness building ‐ drug use awareness be workers PSBs 2014 • All workers were trained, at least twice a years included in the disease prevention program • Anti-drug trafficking and human Border check points PSBs 2011- Check points added • Ongoing and routine efforts of government and border police trafficking 2015 • Check points to be added after 2015 when the expressway starts ‐ City governments continue its operation and strengthen the current anti-drug trafficking and anti-human trafficking systems and efforts. ‐ Add check points along the Longrui expressway 3. COMPLEMENTARY MEASURES of LOCAL GOVERNMENT 3.1 Improving Village and Community Road Network • Improving local roads of EM Roads to remote CBs, PADOs 2011- LREC will monitor • Upgraded about 120km of village roads in Mangshi & Ruili in communities EM villages PSBs, ADB 2015 whether the 2015, including the 12km road for Chudonggua De’ang village • Community-based village road monitor complementary shown in Figure 5. maintenance measures are • As part of an ADB grant supported activities, the 69 community • Provide road safety awareness effective to enhance based maintenance groups in Mangshi, Ruili, Longchuan and to EM communities project benefit Lianghe counties are operating well. Separate reports are

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Risks and Proposed Actions Target Group(s) Agencies Timing Monitoring Status of actions Involved Indicators and/or mitigate risks, available in ADB if any • Again, 32 safety awareness were carried out in villages along the expressway in 2015 3.2 Increasing Agricultural Products • Priority of agricultural technology Remote EM villages Abs, PADOs, 2011- ditto • Two trainings by township technical stations in each natural village trainings to EMs ERABS, FBs 2015 in 2015, overall 260 trainings for EM communities. • Priority of cash crop cultivation • Over 300 training sessions on walnut, tobacco, sweet corn, water and trainings to EMs (De’ang tea melon, lemon, dendrobe, pitaya, pineapple, banana and others and Jingpo/Lisu walnut) were carried out • Supporting local entrepreneurs • Dehong prefecture granted CNY 10.0 million to farmers’ to market farm products cooperatives and collectives for production and marketing during 2011-2015 that benefited 680 cooperatives (80% are EM people). 3.3 Increasing Non-farm Engagement • Priority of small business skills Women in remote PADOs, 2011- Ditto • Small business skill training not organized trainings to EMs, especially EM villages AWCFS, 2015 • Trained 500 APs on non-farm employment skills under Sunshine women ERABs, ABs, Program in 2015. • Giving priority of micro-credit to RCCs • City ACWFs and local credit cooperatives are operating poor ethnic minorities microcredit schemes that covered every natural village. There are also microcredit companies operating in Mangshi and Ruili since 2012. • Mangshi and Ruili provided MC to 450 and 240 EM HHs respectively. The credit is CNY 5,000 -80,000 for each HH. 3.4 Improving Marketing Environment • Priority of building markets Remote EM villages PADOs, 2011- Ditto • Reconstructed 3 village markets in 2015 centers to remote EM ERABs, CBs 2015 • Upgrade 450m of link road for 1 market. communities and villages • Upgrading community and village roads linking to the markets 3.5 Cultural Development and Prevention of Cultural Loss • Priority of building cultural Remote EM villages CABs, 2011- Ditto • Each Dai, Jingpo and De’ang natural village has a centers to EM communities and PADOs, 2015 cultural/religious center. A new center was built for the Xiaomidi villages ERABs Lisu village (see Figure 4). • Enriching the cultural centers • A Dai Drama Teaching Training Curriculum (draft) Prepared by with introduction of EM culture, May 2013 tradition, and traditional items http://www.dehong.gov.cn/bm/mzj/mzwh/2013/0507/82981.html • Setting up a large and open area • A Song and Dance Drama about EM in Dehong Started for volunteer dance and other Performing for the Public since May 2013 kinds of cultural related activities • A Jingpo Cultural Park is under construction in Longchuan County • Increase awareness of cultural since March 2011 and construction is stiull undergoing. The park identity consists of three functional blocks: Jingpo cultural tourism block; • Formulate strategies & plans to ecological block, and exhibition block. strengthen cultural systems • Each EM natural village has an open ground in front of the cultural/religious center (see Figure 4). • Cultural identity is widely aware and well built • The EM and Religious Affairs Bureau in Dehong Prefecture and the project counties have formulated strategy and plans: http://www.dehong.gov.cn/bm/mzj/

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Risks and Proposed Actions Target Group(s) Agencies Timing Monitoring Status of actions Involved Indicators 3.6 Facilitating Tourism • Promotion of attractions (tourist EM communities Tourism 2011- Ditto • Dehong was crowned as the best tourists destination in Sept signs and EM guides) with good potential bureau 2015 2014. • Provide good quality services • Tourists to Dehong reached 6.88 million in Jan-Sept 2015, a and infrastructure that is 15.79% increase over the same period in 2014. Total income from environmental sound, such as the tourism sector reached CNY 9.6 billion, increased 21.09% public toilets, trash bins over the same period in 2014. • Provide good road access to http://yn.people.com.cn/n/2015/1110/c372450-27060184.html tourist sites • Dehong invested CNY 105 million for tourism development in Jan-Sept 2015. • 5 EM villages (3 Dai, 1 Jingpo, 1 De’ang) were specially constructed as tourist attractions • A video was produced by Dehong Government to advertise Dehong’s tourist attractions http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMzM3NjkzMzIw.html • Improved/upgraded 30 public toilets in Mangshi, Ruili, Lianghe, Longchuan and Yingjiang by in Jan-September 2015 • Roads to tourists attractions are in good conditions. 3.7 Monitoring Cross-Border Social Impacts • Monitor the effectiveness of EM communities YPDOT, HBs, 2011- Ditto • On-going programs are effective ongoing programs to prevent along the border PSBs and 2015 HIV/AIDS, other communicable border police diseases, drug use & trafficking offices

and human trafficking • No requirement yet • If required, identify additional measures if ongoing programs are not effective in addressing Project-related impacts Source: LREC and monitor’s interviews. AB = agricultural bureau, ACWF = all China Women’s Federation; CAB = cultural affairs bureau; CB = communications bureau; ERAB = ethnic and religious affairs bureau; FB = financial bureau; HAPP = HIV/AIDS prevention plan; HB = health bureau; PADO = poverty alleviation and development office; PSB = public security bureau; RCC = rural credit cooperative; RP = resettlement plan

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IV. Field Findings

A. Employment of Ethnic Minority People 9. On way to Xiaomidi Lisu natural village in Longling County in September 2015, the monitor witnessed 5 Lisu women doing landscaping work for the project (Figure 4). Similarly, as stated in the previous reports, each woman can earn CNY 100 per day. 10. To safeguard the benefits of construction workers, including APs working as unskilled labors, contactors has signed liability agreements with LREC for timely payment of wages. Yet, contractors were requested to submit to LREC the employment records and the list of employed persons (families) with detailed personal information including ethnicity. A sample list was presented a previous monitoring report (No.5). 11. During Jan-June 2015, the contractors hired a total of about 3,500 person months of locals,3 of which over 50% are EMs.

B. Technical Training 12. At least one technical training was received by each of the Project affected EM village in 2015. All interviewed EM people confirmed that there was at least one training, at field or in classroom, in local language organized by township technical stations in 2015. And villagers can also easily contact the technical staff at their villages for advices any time. 13. EM people learned a lot from the technical trainings, which made highly contribution to the households’ income. Case 2 and case 3 in the #6-RP report present the training results and the contribution to the affected HHs’ income.

C. Non-Farm Employment Skill Training 14. The project area is implementing the Sunshine Program (2011~2015), a program to train rural labors for employment skills in the tertiary and secondary sectors. This program in popularly known as “Rural Labor Transfer Training”. According to the coordination offices, more APs were trained in 2015, the last year of implementing this program. During Jan-Sept 2015, about 200, 500 and 300 APs were trained by this program in Longling, Mangshi and Ruili cities respectively.4 D. Overall Income Restoration of EM Villages 15. Thanks to local governments’ strong supports (i.e., technical training, providing free seedlings in some cases) and affected persons’ own efforts (e.g., investment on production of medicals herbs, coffee, nuts and subtropical fruits), all affected villages are considered as having restored their income. More details about the income restoration of various villages in each township are presented in the monitoring report on RP (No.7). E. Income Restoration of Land Loss EM HHs 16. To assess the income restoration of land loss HHs, the monitor surveyed 38 EM HHs. The survey results are presented in the Annex 1. Of the 38 EM HHs (farmland loss of 8.8% to 60.4%):

3 Less and less as the project is towards its completion. 4 There were about 100, 300 and 200 APs trained by this program in Longling, Mangshi and Ruili respectively in 2014.

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(i) 33 HHs (87%) reported having increased incomes and the remaining 5 HHs (13%) restored incomes (no change). (ii) 27 HHs (71%) increased or restored their incomes through investment in fruits and tea, 3 HHs (8%) through business, and the remaining 8 HHs (21%) through animal production. F. Level of Satisfaction of Interviewed EM HHS 17. All interviewed households are satisfactory with the implementation of EMDP and RP and no complaints were heard. G. Implementation of C&P Plan 18. The implementation of the C&P plan of the EMDP by Sept 2015 is presented in the table below. Table 3: Implementation of C&P Plan C&P Plan during Construction Implementation by September 2015 Purpose Method Method Results Employment of EMs (men Village meeting, TV Reliable contacts in EM 6,322, 7,666 and 4,173 and women) advertising communities person-months of EM Liaison meeting people employed in 2013, 2014 and 2015 (Jan-Sept) respectively; accounting for 48.7%, 68.2% and 73.2% of total locals employed. Use of local construction TV advertising Established suppliers Sands and stones are materials exclusively locally quarried Giving logistic services Village meeting Established providers Exclusively provided by (water, vegetable, etc ) of ethnic minority people construction workers to where campus are set at ethnic minorities EM communities (80% contracted to EM people in Mangshi and Ruili) Mitigation of resettlement Village meeting and field As planned LAR completed, income impacts survey restored, see also Annex 1. Mitigation of HIV/AIDS Training Training and awareness All construction workers campaigns neighboring communities were trained through public awareness campaigns and specific trainings, at least twice a year. Specifically, Longrui has produced a poker on HIV/AIDs and provided a box to each worker in 2015

V. Complementary Measures of Local Governments

19. In addition to the measures listed in Table 2, local governments are also implementing a number of development programs aimed at promoting EM development. The following sections present three such programs.

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A. Construction of Beautiful Villages 20. Since 2014, the “Yishiyiyi” program5 shifted its focus from supporting single and small village infrastructure construction to integrated beautiful village construction. Dehong prefecture has targeted 103 EM villages with good access and tourism potentials for this program in 2014. The total investment for these 103 natural villages are CNY 123 million, including CNY 103 million (1 million for each natural village) from provincial budget. Activities under this program in the villages include construction of water supply, lightening and sanitation facilities, landscaping, cultural center, etc. The objective is to build these villages favorable for living, production and tourism. This program will benefit more than 5,000 EM HHs with over 40,000 people. 21. In 2015, the program had inputted 40 million’s investment in 50 villages. B. Revolving Funds to HIV/AIDS Affected Poor Women 22. This program, managed by Dehong ACWF, was started in 2012 and it supported 60 HHs (CNY 4,000 for each HH) in 2012 and 2013. During 2012-2013, the repayment rate was 98% and 90% of the supported HHs had improved the economic conditions.6 23. From 2014 to 2016, this program will support 100 EM HHs in the two counties each year, including 44 HHs from Mangshi City and 56 HHs from Yingjiang County. C. Prevention of Culture Loss 24. Governments have been taking efforts at prefecture, county, township and even village levels to prevent EM cultures loss and promote inheriting of EM cultures: (i) Official organization of Waster Slashing Festival of Dai & De’ang People, Munaozongge Festival of Jingpo People, and Keshi Festival of Lisu are organized each year at Mangshi, all county seats, relevant township centers and villages (see Figure 3) (ii) Nongme Dai village7 in Fengping Township of Mangshi, organized its first culture and handcrafts show on 03 July 2015. Showed culture and handcrafts include Dai paper cut, peacock dancing, Laodai drama, rice wine, brocade, bamboo weaving, woodcarving, fruit carving, Dai calligraphy and etc. Some officials from the Yunnan Province, Dehong Prefecture and Mangshi City, and about 500 tourists participated in the event. In addition, a forum on the heritage of Laodai Drama was organized during the event (see Figure 3). (iii) Together with the promotion of tourism, Santaishan De’ang Township celebratwed the Munaozongge Festival (Jingpo’s festival) on 29-30 March 2015,8 with 1,000 locals and tourists participated. (iv) A Dai Drama Teaching Training Curriculum was developed by May 2013. (v) A Song and Dance Drama about EM in Dehong Started Performing for the Public since May 2013 (vi) Each EM village has cultural/religious center. Specifically, Longling County had built a nee center for the Xiaomidi Lisu natural village, a project affected natural village (see Figure 4).

5 Village-led specific development projects with reward or subsidy from (central and provincial) government financial budget. 6 http://acwf.people.com.cn/BIG5/n/2014/0623/c99013-25188346.html. 7 The village is next to the Mangshi Airport. 8 Usually it is celebrated in February.

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VI. Institutional Arrangement and Capacity

25. In practice, the implementation of EMDP and RP is combined. The Dehong Prefecture Coordination (on behalf of the government), rather than the RP defined LREC, has been playing the leading role in the implementation of EMDP. Members of the prefecture coordination office include staff from the ethnic minority and religious affair bureau, planning bureau, public security bureau, transport bureau, women’s federation, forestry bureau, agricultural bureau, land and resource bureau, and etc. The prefecture coordination office, with assistances from city coordination offices and various township governments, is very effective in carrying out LAR works and in implementing the EMDP. As a result, the EMDP (see Table 2) has been smoothly implemented over the past three years.

VII. Grievance Redress Mechanism

26. In line with what was specified in the EMDP, the grievance redress mechanism is integrated with that for LAR. The mechanism, by using the current bottom-up official administrative system9, is very effective and efficient. Although there were no complaints about EMDP implementation, such complaints like damaging farmland and irrigation systems during construction were efficiently handled.

VIII. Conclusion

27. It is concluded that the EMDP is implementing well and the set targets are achieved.

9 Handling complaint/disputes from bottom level to higher level gradually, i.e., from village committee to township government, then to city coordination and prefecture coordination offices.

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Annex 1: Quick Assessment Results of EM HHs

A: Basic Information 征地前 人 编 民族 耕地 征耕地 失地 目前人均耕地 县 乡镇 村 小组 姓名 口 号 Ethnic Arable Farmland Loss Per capita farmland County Township Village Group Name HH land No.* Group loss (mu) （%） at present (mu) size before (mu) 10 龙新乡 黄草坝 小米地 余保富 5 7.35 1.359 18.5% 1.20 傈僳 11 Longxin Huangcaoba Xiaomidi 麻广有 6 8.22 1.369 16.7% 1.14 Lisu 12 余枝明 6 8.68 1.519 17.5% 1.19

13 瑞丽市 畹町镇 混板 忙满 旺冷 4 8.60 4.08 47.4% 1.13 14 Ruili Wanding Hunban Mangman 岩所比 傣 Dai 5 10.30 4.09 39.7% 1.24 15 岩谢 6 12.70 7.67 60.4% 0.84

16 芒市 三台山乡 出冬瓜 四组 李腊岩 6 17.03 3.92 23.0% 2.19 17 Mangshi Santaishan Chudonggua No.4 李腊红 德昂 3 8.80 5.01 56.9% 1.26 18 线庆华 De’ang 3 8.30 1.12 13.5% 2.39

19 赵岩腊孟 3 8.60 1.17 13.6% 2.48

23 杨世彩 3 5.46 1.269 23.2% 1.40

24 拉怀 拉怀 李岩含凹 6 8.82 2.906 32.9% 0.99

25 Lahuai Lahuai 李二旺 4 7.88 2.888 36.6% 1.25

26 刀三 8 9.36 1.539 16.4% 0.98

27 岳小岩 7 8.89 2.288 25.7% 0.94

28 遮放镇 遮冒 遮相 方岩放过 5 15.80 2.79 17.7% 2.60

29 Zhefang Zhemao Zhexiang 阮小四 4 12.30 3.55 28.9% 2.19

30 遮相 向岩贺保 傣 Dai 4 11.40 1.34 11.8% 2.52

21 户闷 坝托 冯二相 5 12.85 1.59 12.4% 2.25

32 Humen Batuo 冯小五 3 8.90 1.62 18.2% 2.43

33 冯岩旺补 5 15.10 3.56 23.6% 2.31

34 金二合 6 17.90 3.17 17.7% 2.46

35 金岩凤 3 8.90 1.67 18.8% 2.41

36 朗岩旺保 4 10.80 1.55 14.4% 2.31

37 莫老四 5 16.10 3.76 23.4% 2.47

38 风平镇 忙赛 芒烘 冯波叶旺帕 4 8.80 3.23 36.7% 1.39

39 Fengping Mangshai Manghong 莫波月喊补 4 8.60 1.002 11.7% 1.90

40 廖岩旺保 3 6.90 1.532 22.2% 1.79

41 岳赛 5 11.30 1.00 8.8% 2.06

42 邵二保 6 13.80 3.504 25.4% 1.72

43 帕岩保旺 4 9.30 0.957 10.3% 2.09

44 冯哏板 傣 Dai 4 9.10 3.214 35.3% 1.47

45 冯五 5 11.80 3.032 25.7% 1.75

46 冯波月哏过 6 12.90 2.073 16.1% 1.80

47 芒别 老光 朗三团 5 14.60 1.667 11.4% 2.59

48 Mangbie Laoguang 李岩访 3 8.90 1.017 11.4% 2.63

49 李波岩访 3 8.70 1.241 14.3% 2.49

50 李岩所旺 4 11.90 1.989 16.7% 2.48

*: same numbering as in the monitoring report on RP implementation (No.7)

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B: Restoration Status 补偿 收入恢复情况/income No. 姓名 Name 失地率 Loss（%） 主要原因 Major reason Compensation (CNY) restoration 10 余保富 18.5% 90000 No change 差不多 种茶 Tea 11 麻广有 16.7% 70000 Increased 增加 种茶 Tea 12 余枝明 17.5% 100000 Increased 增加 种茶 Tea 13 旺冷 47.4% 160000 No change 差不多 香蕉 Banana 14 岩所比 39.7% 160000 Increased 增加 香蕉 Banana 15 岩谢 60.4% 300000 Increased 增加 香蕉 Banana 16 李腊岩 23.0% 190000 Increased 增加 香蕉 Banana 17 李腊红 56.9% 240000 Increased 增加 菠萝 Pineapple 18 线庆华 13.5% 50000 Increased 增加 菠萝 Pineapple 19 赵岩腊孟 13.6% 50000 Increased 增加 茶叶 Tea 20 姚永加 10.7% 60000 Increased 增加 茶叶 Tea 24 李岩含凹 32.9% 210000 Increased 增加 甜玉米 Sweet corn 25 李二旺 36.6% 210000 Increased 增加 甜玉米 Sweet corn 26 刀三 16.4% 110000 Increased 增加 柚子 Pomelo 27 岳小岩 25.7% 170000 Increased 增加 香料烟 Tabacco 28 方岩放过 17.7% 160000 Increased 增加 咖啡 Coffee 29 阮小四 28.9% 210000 Increased 增加 咖啡 Coffee 30 向岩贺保 11.8% 80000 Increased 增加 咖啡 Coffee 31 冯二相 12.4% 90000 Increased 增加 咖啡 Coffee 32 冯小五 18.2% 90000 Increased 增加 咖啡 Coffee 33 冯岩旺补 23.6% 190000 Increased 增加 生意 Business 34 金二合 17.7% 200000 Increased 增加 咖啡 Coffee 35 金岩凤 18.8% 100000 Increased 增加 咖啡 Coffee 36 朗岩旺保 14.4% 90000 Increased 增加 坚果 Macadimia nut 37 莫老四 23.4% 220000 Increased 增加 生意 Business 38 冯波叶旺帕 36.7% 200000 Increased 增加 养牛 beef cattle 39 莫波月喊补 11.7% 30000 Increased 增加 养牛 beef cattle 40 廖岩旺保 22.2% 110000 No change 差不多 养牛 beef cattle 41 岳赛 8.8% 80000 Increased 增加 养牛 beef cattle 42 邵二保 25.4% 280000 Increased 增加 养牛 beef cattle 43 帕岩保旺 10.3% 50000 No change 差不多 养牛 beef cattle 44 冯哏板 35.3% 220000 Increased 增加 生意 Business 45 冯五 25.7% 210000 Increased 增加 养牛 beef cattle 46 冯波月哏过 16.1% 160000 No change 差不多 养牛 beef cattle 47 朗三团 11.4% 130000 Increased 增加 火龙果 Pitaya 48 李岩访 11.4% 80000 Increased 增加 火龙果 Pitaya 49 李波岩访 14.3% 100000 Increased 增加 火龙果 Pitaya 50 李岩所旺 16.7% 160000 Increased 增加 火龙果 Pitaya

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