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Distribution and Conservation Status of Shortridge's Capped Langurs
Distribution and conservation status of Shortridge’s capped langurs Trachypithecus shortridgei in China L IANG-WEI C UI,YING-CHUN L I ,CHI M A ,MATTHEW B. SCOTT,JIN-FA L I X IAO-YANG H E ,DONG-HUI L I ,JUN S UN,WEN-MO S UN and W EN X IAO Abstract We conducted community interviews and field and in south-western China in the Nu and Dulong valleys surveys to determine the distribution and population of (Pocock, ; Groves, ; Htun et al., ). Numbers the Endangered Shortridge’s capped langur Trachypithecus of individuals are assumed to be low and declining as a result shortridgei, and the threats to the species, in the Dulong and of a restricted geographical range, hunting pressure and Nu River valleys of north-western Yunnan Province, China. widespread deforestation for agriculture and timber extrac- We found that c. groups of T. shortridgei reside in the tion. The total population is believed to have declined by at Dulong valley, mostly located in the southern portion of least % since , primarily as a result of hunting and the valley. According to interview and observational records habitat loss (Htun et al., ). Consequently, T. shortridgei in the Gaoligong Mountains to the west of the Nu River, is categorized as Endangered on the IUCN Red List (Htun individuals and no groups were observed. Family groups et al., ) and is listed in CITES Appendix I (CITES, consist of one adult male, – adult females and up to five ). In China it is a Category I protected species under young. We estimate the population of T. -
Supplemental Information
Supplemental information Table S1 Sample information for the 36 Bactrocera minax populations and 8 Bactrocera tsuneonis populations used in this study Species Collection site Code Latitude Longitude Accession number B. minax Shimen County, Changde SM 29.6536°N 111.0646°E MK121987 - City, Hunan Province MK122016 Hongjiang County, HJ 27.2104°N 109.7884°E MK122052 - Huaihua City, Hunan MK122111 Province 27.2208°N 109.7694°E MK122112 - MK122144 Jingzhou Miao and Dong JZ 26.6774°N 109.7341°E MK122145 - Autonomous County， MK122174 Huaihua City, Hunan Province Mayang Miao MY 27.8036°N 109.8247°E MK122175 - Autonomous County, MK122204 Huaihua City, Hunan Province Luodian county, Qiannan LD 25.3426°N 106.6638°E MK124218 - Buyi and Miao MK124245 Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province Dongkou County, DK 27.0806°N 110.7209°E MK122205 - Shaoyang City, Hunan MK122234 Province Shaodong County, SD 27.2478°N 111.8964°E MK122235 - Shaoyang City, Hunan MK122264 Province 27.2056°N 111.8245°E MK122265 - MK122284 Xinning County, XN 26.4652°N 110.7256°E MK122022 - Shaoyang City,Hunan MK122051 Province 26.5387°N 110.7586°E MK122285 - MK122298 Baojing County, Xiangxi BJ 28.6154°N 109.4081°E MK122299 - Tujia and Miao MK122328 Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province 28.2802°N 109.4581°E MK122329 - MK122358 Guzhang County, GZ 28.6171°N 109.9508°E MK122359 - Xiangxi Tujia and Miao MK122388 Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province Luxi County, Xiangxi LX 28.2341°N 110.0571°E MK122389 - Tujia and Miao MK122407 Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province Yongshun County, YS 29.0023°N -
(Anacardiaceae) from the Miocene of Yunnan, China Ye-Ming
IAWA Journal, Vol. 33 (2), 2012: 197–204 A NEW SPECIES OF PISTACIOXYLON (ANACARDIACEAE) FROM THE MIOCENE OF YUNNAN, CHINA Ye-Ming Cheng1,*, R.C. Mehrotra2, Yue-Gao Jin1, Wei Yang1 and Cheng-Sen Li3,* SUMMARY A new species of Pistacioxylon, Pistacioxylon leilaoensis Cheng et al., showing affinities withPistacia of the Anacardiaceae is described from the Miocene of Leilao, Yuanmou Basin, Yunnan Province, southwest China. It provides data for reconstructing the phytogeographic history of Pistacia and the paleoenvironment of the Yuanmou Basin. This fossil suggests a long history of exchange of various taxa including Pistacia between Europe and East Asia during the Tertiary. Key words: Pistacia, fossil wood, phytogeography, Xiaohe Formation, Southwest China. INTRODUCTION The Yuanmou Basin of Yunnan Province, southwest China, is well known for its Yuanmou Man (Homo erectus) (Qian 1985) and hominoid fauna fossils (He 1997). Abundant hominoid and mammal fossils have been reported since 1980 from the Late Miocene Xiaohe Formation of Leilao and Xiaohe, Yuanmou Basin, Yunnan (Pan & Zong 1991; He 1997; Harrison et al. 2002; Liu & Pan 2003; Yue et al. 2003; Qi et al. 2006). The age and character of the Xiaohe fauna are similar to those of the Late Miocene Siwalik fauna of Pakistan (Pan & Zong 1991). The Yuanmou Basin might have been an important refuge for hominoids when they became extinct in the rest of Eurasia (Zhu et al. 2005). The Late Miocene Xiaohe Formation of Leilao, Yuanmou Basin, also contains fossil woods (Zhang et al. 2002) and their study can provide important information for the reconstruction of the paleoenvironment of the basin. -
Implementation Completion Report
Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Report No. 19470 Public Disclosure Authorized IMPLEMENTATION COMPLETION REPORT CHINA Public Disclosure Authorized GUANGDONG AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT AND EARTHQUAKE RECONSTRUCTION PROGRAM (PORTION OF CREDIT 2307-CHA) Public Disclosure Authorized June 28, 1999 Urban Development Sector Unit China Country Management Unit Public Disclosure Authorized East Asia and Pacific Regional Office This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Currency = Renminbi Currency Unit = Yuan (Y) Y 1.0=100 fen $1.0=Y8.3 Appraisal: $1.0 = Y 8.3; SDR 1.0 = $1.44 Completion: $1.0 = Y 8.3; SDR 1.0 = $1.33 FISCAL YEAR January1 - December 31 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES Metric System ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS DCA - Development Credit Agreement EASUR - Urban Sector Development Unit, East Asia and Pacific Region GOC - Government of China ICR - Implementation Completion Report IDA - International Development Association IMAR - Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region NSP - National Shopping Procedures RS - Richter Scale TA&T - Technical Assistance and Training YP - Yunnan Province YPG - Yunnan Provincial Government Vice President : Jean-Michel Severino, EAPVP Country Director : Yukon Huang, EACCF Sector Manager : Keshav Varma, EASUR Task Manager : Geoffrey Read, EASUR CONTENTS * FOR OFFICIALUSE ONLY PREFACE....................................................... -
A Study of the Composition and Dissolution of Jianshui Purple Pottery in Yunnan, China
crystals Article A Study of the Composition and Dissolution of Jianshui Purple Pottery in Yunnan, China Chang Liu 1,*, Heng Xie 2, Lei Nie 3, Hong Wang 4 and Yuanyuan He 3 1 College of Art and Design, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130021, China 2 Jianshui Purple Pottery Research Association, Jianshui 654300, China; [email protected] 3 College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Xi Min Zhu Street, Changchun 130026, China; [email protected] (L.N.); [email protected] (Y.H.) 4 College of Civil Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Pottery is a gem in the history of human civilization and a crystallization of human wisdom. Yunnan Jianshui purple pottery is one of the four famous types of pottery in China, with a long history and superb craftsmanship. Used as tableware, research on the composition and element dissolution of pottery is extremely significant for production and health. This paper takes Jianshui purple pottery as its research object, samples its raw ores and finished products, and conducts X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry experiments, and dissolution tests. The chemical composition, microstructure, and trace element concentrations of pottery before and after firing were measured. Results show that the dissolution of purple pottery under various use scenarios is low and meets health requirements. Combined with the characteristics of purple pottery, the composition changes and the mechanism of change Citation: Liu, C.; Xie, H.; Nie, L.; before and after firing are discussed, which can be used as the theoretical basis for improving pottery Wang, H.; He, Y. -
Operation China Their Alternate the Three Main Religions Among the Tusu Name Is Used to Avoid Confusion with the People
Tusu November 27 of Western Yi. Tusu speakers, SICHUAN •Lijiang however, cannot understand the speech of other Western Yi •Binchuan •Dayao •Dali Kunming groups in their region and • •Chuxiong must revert to Chinese in •Yunxian •Wanding order to communicate. YUNNAN Scale 0 KM 160 History: For more than 1,300 Population in China: years the Tusu have appeared 31,000 (1999) in Chinese records of Yunnan 31,750 (2000) Province. The Tusu “are said 39,900 (2010) Location: Yunnan to be descendants of the Religion: Polytheism ancient Muocha tribe which Christians: 20 moved from Baoshan to Weishan in ancient times. In Overview of the Tusu the seventh century AD they Countries: China moved to present-day Xiangyun Pronunciation: “Too-soo” County and later spread into Other Names: southeastern Dayao and parts 2 Tusupo, Tu, Turen, Tuzu of Binchuan County.” Population Source: 31,000 (1999 J. Pelkey); Customs: In some areas the Out of a total Yi population of 6,572,173 (1990 census) Tusu love to come together Location: N Yunnan: Xiangyun and participate in local (15,000), Binchuan (13,000), festivals, since it gives them a and Dayao (3,000) counties Jamin Pelkey chance to relax and forget Status: Location: Approximately 31,000 Tusu about their hardships and struggles. The Officially included under Yi people live in the western central part of festivals also serve as a reunion for Language: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Burmese-Lolo, Yunnan Province in southwest China. In relatives and friends. The Tiger Dance Lolo, Northern Lolo, Yi, Xiangyun County the Tusu inhabit the Festival is held for one week during the first Western Yi Da’aonai Community of Luwu District; the lunar month each year. -
Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China
Country Report for the Preparation of the First Report on the State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China June 2003 Beijing CONTENTS Executive Summary Biological diversity is the basis for the existence and development of human society and has aroused the increasing great attention of international society. In June 1992, more than 150 countries including China had jointly signed the "Pact of Biological Diversity". Domestic animal genetic resources are an important component of biological diversity, precious resources formed through long-term evolution, and also the closest and most direct part of relation with human beings. Therefore, in order to realize a sustainable, stable and high-efficient animal production, it is of great significance to meet even higher demand for animal and poultry product varieties and quality by human society, strengthen conservation, and effective, rational and sustainable utilization of animal and poultry genetic resources. The "Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China" (hereinafter referred to as the "Report") was compiled in accordance with the requirements of the "World Status of Animal Genetic Resource " compiled by the FAO. The Ministry of Agriculture" (MOA) has attached great importance to the compilation of the Report, organized nearly 20 experts from administrative, technical extension, research institutes and universities to participate in the compilation team. In 1999, the first meeting of the compilation staff members had been held in the National Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Service, discussed on the compilation outline and division of labor in the Report compilation, and smoothly fulfilled the tasks to each of the compilers. -
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Amorphophallus Albus, a Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations
Tang et al. BMC Genetics (2020) 21:102 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12863-020-00910-x RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Genetic diversity and population structure of Amorphophallus albus, a plant species with extremely small populations (PSESP) endemic to dry-hot valley of Jinsha River Rong Tang1,2,3, Erxi Liu4, Yazhou Zhang2,3, Johann Schinnerl5, Weibang Sun1,2 and Gao Chen1,2* Abstract Background: Amorphophallus albus P. Y. Liu & J. F. Chen (Araceae) is a plant species with extremely small populations (PSES P) and an important economic crop endemic to dry-hot valleys along the Jinsha River. In order to gain information for sustaining the development and conservation of A. albus, we studied the genetic diversity and population structure of this species using microsatellite markers (SSR). In this study, we analysed 364 individuals belonging to 24 populations, including four wild populations and three ex-situ cultivated populations, collected in the provinces Yunnan, Sichuan and Hubei. Results: The population genetic analyses indicated that A. albus possesses moderate genetic diversity with the percentage of polymorphic loci (PPL) from 69.23 to 100%, an expected heterozygosity (He) of 0.504 and an average Shannon’s Information Index (I) 0.912. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that most of the variance (71%) resided within populations and the estimated gene flow (Nm) was 0.61. The results of UPGMA cluster tree, STRUCTURE analyses together with the Mantel test (R2 = 0.352, P < 0.01) indicated that geographically closely located populations are clustered together with some exceptions. Conclusions: Our results showed that A. albus still possesses moderate genetic variation in most of the studied populations, and for now, most cultivated populations were naturally distributed but still some reintroduction exists. -
RRA REPORT of XISHUANGBANNA DAI NATIONALITY AUTONOMOUS PREFECTURE Watershed Profile
Page 1 of 8 Regional Environmental Technical Assistance 5771 Poverty Reduction & Environmental Management in Remote Greater Mekong Subregion Watersheds Project (Phase I) RRA REPORT OF XISHUANGBANNA DAI NATIONALITY AUTONOMOUS PREFECTURE Watershed Profile By Bo Zhou Meng Guangtao Fang Bo Dai Yiyuan CONTENTS 1. BACKGROUND 2. SELECTION OF SAMPLE VILLAGES 3. ROUGH AND ELEMENTARY OPINIONS 3.1 Traditional Land and Natural Resource Use Patterns Affecting Environment 3.2 Elementary Opinion of Education, Health, and Development Plan 3.3 Land Use Conditions 3.4 Agricultural Production Technologies 3.5 Human Pressures to Forest Resources 4. SUGGESTIONS 1. BACKGROUND Xishuangbanna Dai Nationality Autonomous Prefecture is located in Southwest part of Yunnan Province, 99 o58 o to 101 o 50 o E, and 21 o 09 o to 22 o 36 o N, with a total land area of 19,124.5 km 2, of which hills and mountains account for 95%. The Prefecture borders Burma and Lao PDR. There is a provincial route of highway accessible to the capital Jinghong City of the Prefecture from provincial capital Kunming, with the length of about 730 km. The flights from Kunming to Jinghong only take about 50 minutes. Page 2 of 8 Xishuangbanna Dai Nationality Autonomous Prefecture is also located in the drainage area of Lancang River water systems, in which 2,762 great and small rivers are distributed. Mainly, there are 16 arterial anabranches such as Luosuo River, Nanla River, Liusha River, Nanxian River, and Nanguo River, and 65 secondary anabranches in the region. The great rivers (main streams) flow 187.5 km in the Prefecture. -
ICAES 2008 Yunnan Zhuang Language Use 26 April Final
The Southern Zhuang Languages of Yunnan Province’s Wenshan Prefecture from a Sociolinguistic Perspective 从社会语言学方面看 云南省文山州的壮语南部方言 Eric C. Johnson 江子扬 Susanne J. Johnson 马艾华 SIL International 世界少数民族语文研究院 East Asia Group 东亚部 2008 Eric C. Johnson and Susanne J. Johnson The Southern Zhuang Languages of Yunnan Province’s Wenshan Prefecture from a Sociolinguistic Perspective Abstract Although the majority of China’s 16 million Zhuang nationality people live in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, over one million Zhuang also live in Yunnan Province, mostly in the Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in the extreme southeast of the province. More than half of these Zhuang speak Central Taic languages collectively known to linguists as “Southern Zhuang,” but referred to by their speakers as “Nong,” “Dai,” and “Min.” The goal of this paper is to introduce the sociolinguistic situation of the Yunnan Southern Zhuang languages, especially focusing on the current language use situation in rural Southern Zhuang villages, the present vitality of these languages and their prospects for future preservation and development. 1 Introduction The Zhuang people are the largest minority nationality within the People’s Republic of China, numbered at 16 million during the 2000 national census (National Bureau of Statistics 2003). Of these, approximately one third speak "Southern Zhuang," that is, Central Taic varieties, whereas two thirds speak "Northern Zhuang," or Northern Taic varieties. Over 1.1 million Zhuang nationality people live in Yunnan Province, and more than half of these are speakers of Central Taic language varieties. Though the Tai family as a whole has been the subject of a significant amount of research in Thailand, China, and elsewhere during the past century, much remains to be done. -
SOUTHERN LISU DICTIONARY Qaaaqrc Qbq[D @^J Hell Ebll Ell
STEDT Monograph Series, No. 4 James A. Matisoff, general editor SOUTHERN LISU DICTIONARY QaaaqRc Qbq[d @^j Hell Ebll ell David Bradley with Edward Reginald Hope, James Fish and Maya Bradley Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus Project Center for Southeast Asia Studies University of California, Berkeley 2006 © 2005 David Bradley All Rights Reserved ISBN 0-944613-43-8 Volume #4 in the STEDT Monograph Series Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus Project <http://stedt.berkeley.edu/> Department of Linguistics research unit in International and Area Studies University of California, Berkeley Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus Monograph Series General Editor JAMES A. MATISOFF University of California, Berkeley Previous Titles in the STEDT Monograph Series: STEDT MONOGRAPH NO. 1A: Bibliography of the International Conferences on Sino-Tibetan Languages and Linguistics I-XXV (second edition) STEDT MONOGRAPH NO. 2: Annotated Directory of Tibeto-Burman Languages and Dialects (revised) STEDT MONOGRAPH NO. 3: Phonological Inventories of Tibeto- Burman Languages Author’s Dedication: for my Lisu friends CONTENTS Series Editor’s Introduction vii Introduction xv The Lisu xv Lisu Phonology xviii Lisu Orthographies xxv Lisu Syntax xxviii Acknowledgements xxix References xxxi Hel Bck Ubl (Lisu Introduction) xxxiii List of Abbreviations xxxiv @ b 1 @\ bj 14 A p 17 A\ pj 31 B pæ 33 B\ pæj 42 C d 45 D t 56 E tæ 70 F g 80 G k 87 H kæ 101 I dÔ 112 J tΔ 121 K tΔæ 133 L dz 146 M ts 155 N tsæ 163 O m 173 O\ mj 194 P n 198 -
The Lichen Genus Hypogymnia in Southwest China Article
Mycosphere 5 (1): 27–76 (2014) ISSN 2077 7019 www.mycosphere.org Article Mycosphere Copyright © 2014 Online Edition Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/5/1/2 The lichen genus Hypogymnia in southwest China McCune B1 and Wang LS2 1 Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-2902 U.S.A. 2 Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Heilongtan, Kunming 650204, China McCune B, Wang LS 2014 – The lichen genus Hypogymnia in southwest China. Mycosphere 5(1), 27–76, Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/5/1/2 Abstract A total of 36 species of Hypogymnia are known from southwestern China. This region is a center of biodiversity for the genus. Hypogymnia capitata, H. nitida, H. saxicola, H. pendula, and H. tenuispora are newly described species from Yunnan and Sichuan. Olivetoric acid is new as a major lichen substance in Hypogymnia, occurring only in H. capitata. A key and illustrations are given for the species known from this region, along with five species from adjoining regions that might be confused or have historically been misidentified in this region. Key words – Lecanorales – lichenized ascomycetes – Parmeliaceae – Shaanxi – Sichuan – Tibet – Yunnan – Xizang. Introduction The first major collections of Hypogymnia from southwestern China were by Handel- Mazzetti, from which Zahlbruckner (1930) reported six species now placed in Hypogymnia, and Harry Smith (1921-1934, published piecewise by other authors; Herner 1988). Since the last checklist of lichens in China (Wei 1991), which reported 16 species of Hypogymnia from the southwestern provinces, numerous species of Hypogymnia from southwestern China have been described or revised (Chen 1994, Wei & Bi 1998, McCune & Obermayer 2001, McCune et al.