DOCSLIB.ORG

Recent Changes in the Number of Spoon-Billed Sandpipers Calidris Pygmaea Wintering on the Upper Gulf of Mottama in Myanmar

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Recent Changes in the Number of Spoon-Billed Sandpipers Calidris Pygmaea Wintering on the Upper Gulf of Mottama in Myanmar Recent changes in the number of spoon-billed sandpipers Calidris pygmaea wintering on the Upper Gulf of Mottama in Myanmar P YAE-PHYO A UNG,SAW M OSES,NIGEL A. CLARK,GUY Q.A. ANDERSON G EOFF M. HILTON,GRAEME M. BUCHANAN C HRISTOPH Z ÖCKLER and R HYS E. GREEN Abstract The spoon-billed sandpiper Calidris pygmaea,a Keywords Calidris pygmaea, intertidal, Myanmar, popula- migratory Arctic-breeding shorebird, is one of the rarest tion monitoring, shorebird, spoon-billed sandpiper, Upper birds and its population has declined since the s. We Gulf of Mottama, wintering surveyed its most important known wintering area in the Upper Gulf of Mottama in Myanmar to estimate recent – ( ) changes in its numbers there. The total number Introduction of small shorebirds present in the Upper Gulf was counted and the proportion of them that were spoon-billed sandpi- he spoon-billed sandpiper Calidris pygmaea is cate- pers was estimated from sample scans. These two quantities Tgorized as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red were multiplied together to give the estimated number of List because of its small global population size and rapid spoon-billed sandpipers in each of years. Total numbers population decline (Zöckler et al., a; BirdLife of combined small shorebird species tripled from , International, ). In late summer, its population migrate to , between and , coincident with efforts from breeding grounds on coastal tundra in the Arctic and to reduce hunting pressure on waterbirds. However, the sub-Arctic zones of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and proportion of small shorebirds that were spoon-billed sand- northern Kamchatka Kraj in Russia, through the southern pipers declined and their estimated absolute numbers fell by Russian Far East, North Korea, South Korea, China about half, from to individuals. It is probable that and Japan to wintering areas on intertidal mudflats in loss of intertidal habitat and shorebird hunting elsewhere southern China, Thailand, Myanmar, Viet Nam, Malaysia on the migration route of the spoon-billed sandpipers win- and Bangladesh (Clark et al., ; Zöckler et al., ). tering at Mottama is causing a continued decline, although The largest known wintering population of spoon-billed this is occurring at a less rapid rate than that recorded from sandpipers is in the northern part of the Gulf of Mottama Arctic Russia before . The number of spoon-billed (also known as the Bay of Martaban), a large estuary in sandpipers wintering on the Upper Gulf of Mottama re- Myanmar. Studies at this site in and estimated mains the highest single-site total for this species from the numbers of spoon-billed sandpipers and other shore- any known wintering site. Preventing resurgence of illegal birds and also showed that spoon-billed sandpipers were shorebird hunting and ensuring long-term protection of killed frequently by hunters who were netting larger shore- the intertidal feeding habitats and roost sites in the Gulf bird species for food (Zöckler et al., b). All shorebird are high priorities if extinction of this species is to be species are legally protected under the Wildlife Act of averted. Myanmar, which prohibits their killing or capture, but the law is not fully implemented. Beginning early in January and continuing since then, efforts have been made to reduce mortality by assisting local authorities to implement PYAE-PHYO AUNG and SAW MOSES Biodiversity and Nature Conservation bans on shorebird hunting and helping former bird hunters Association, Yangon, Myanmar to switch to alternative livelihoods, especially fishing (Htin NIGEL A. CLARK British Trust for Ornithology, Thetford, UK Hla & Eberhardt, ; Clark et al., ). GUY Q.A. ANDERSON and GRAEME M. BUCHANAN RSPB Centre for Conservation These actions appear to have been largely successful, with Science, Sandy, UK recent surveys detecting little evidence of shorebird trapping GEOFF M. HILTON Conservation Science Department, Wildfowl & Wetlands gear in the Gulf of Mottama and other sites in Myanmar and Trust, Slimbridge, UK Bangladesh (Aung et al., , , , ). However, CHRISTOPH ZÖCKLER ArcCona Consulting, Spoon-billed Sandpiper Task Force, Cambridge, UK there continue to be reports of mortality of spoon-billed sandpipers caused by hunting and entanglement in fishing RHYS E. GREEN (Corresponding author) Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, UK. E-mail [email protected] nets in other parts of the non-breeding range, including Received February . Revision requested April . China (Pain et al., ; Martinez & Lewthwaite, ; Accepted May . First published online September . Clark et al., ; Martinez, ; Peng et al., ). In Oryx, 2020, 54(1), 23–29 © 2018 Fauna & Flora International doi:10.1017/S0030605318000698 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.202.226, on 26 Sep 2021 at 06:10:07, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605318000698 24 P.-P. Aung et al. addition, conversion of intertidal areas for human use, espe- population wintering in the Upper Gulf of Mottama, and cially in the Yellow Sea region of South Korea and China, is changes in the proportion of small shorebirds that are having significant effects on survival and population size of spoon-billed sandpipers, by combining the data for , migratory shorebirds along the East Asian–Australasian fly- previously reported by Zöckler et al. (b), with results way, where more shorebird species are declining than in any for and more recent years. other flyway (Kirby, ; Mackinnon et al., ; Piersma et al., , ). The spoon-billed sandpiper is thought to be among the species most threatened by these changes. Study area A comparison of a compilation of recent counts of wintering The Gulf of Mottama (or Martaban) lies in Yangon Region, spoon-billed sandpipers (Zöckler et al., ) with a mark– Bago Region and Mon State in Myanmar, at the mouth of resighting estimate of the world population of the species the Sittaung River. It is a large funnel-shaped estuary (Clark et al., ) suggests that the winter locations are c. km wide at the southern end, covering a total area known for only c. half of the population. Based on wintering of c. , km . Its tidal cycle is extremely pronounced in population estimates from Zöckler et al. (), the Upper speed and amplitude (– m tidal range), causing a powerful Gulf of Mottama is the most important known wintering bore phenomenon that is highly unusual in the region and site. It holds c. two-thirds of the global total of sandpipers makes this one of the most dynamic estuaries in the world, counted in winter (Zöckler et al., ) and one quarter of with constant sediment redistribution, channel-shifts, ero- the winter population estimated by mark–resighting (Clark sion and accretion on a large scale. We surveyed part of et al., ). Counting spoon-billed sandpipers at any win- the Gulf north of latitude °N (Fig. ). We selected this tering site is challenging because they are rare and usually part because only small numbers of spoon-billed sandpipers dispersed within large flocks of other small shorebirds, espe- have been recorded in the parts further to the south (Zöckler cially the similarly coloured and sized red-necked stint et al., b) and because its large tracts of intertidal mud Calidris ruficollis. In the Upper Gulf of Mottama, complete are accessible by fishing boats from villages on the eastern direct counts of spoon-billed sandpipers are impractical side of the Gulf. because of the large numbers of other small shorebirds The dynamic nature of the estuary means that the location that must be checked, the large size of the intertidal area, and extent of intertidal flats change substantially from month day-to-day variation in the extent and location of foraging to month. This dynamism is illustrated by the movement of habitat exposed at low tide and frequent changes in the the main channel of the Sittaung from the east to the west location of high-tide roosts. Roosts are often on very soft side of the estuary following a cyclone in .Toproduce substrates, making it impossible to approach them before an estimate of the extent of the intertidal zone relevant to our the birds leave on the falling tide. A highly dynamic tidal study period, we analysed Landsat satellite images from flow in the estuary restricts the availability of areas where spring . Visual inspection of Landsat images showed boats can be beached at low tide so that surveys of foraging that the mudflats were stable during this time. The area of birds can be carried out safely on foot. mud between high tide on February and low tide Here we report recent estimates of the numbers of spoon- on April was estimated from changes in the radiance billed sandpipers in the Upper Gulf of Mottama made using in atmospherically corrected band between the Landsat methods comparable to those of Zöckler et al. (b). To images from these dates. This near infra-red band is useful circumvent the difficulties mentioned above, our surveys for mapping shorelines (Barsi et al., ). The radiance va- determined () the total number of small shorebirds present lues associated with exposed mud were determined from vis- in the Upper Gulf, without counting the different species ual inspection of both images, and comparison of the extent separately, and () the proportion of small shorebirds that of mud was used to identify the intertidal area. At that time, were spoon-billed sandpipers in sample scans. The number we estimated that the intertidal zone within our survey area of spoon-billed sandpipers was then estimated as the prod- covered km (Fig. ). Part of the Gulf within Mon State, uct of these two quantities. Using this method, Zöckler et al. overlapping our study area and covering km , was site de- (b) estimated there were spoon-billed sandpipers in signated in under the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands the Upper Gulf of Mottama in and considered that (Ramsar Site no.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Buddhism and State Power in Myanmar
    Buddhism and State Power in Myanmar Asia Report N°290 | 5 September 2017 Headquarters International Crisis Group Avenue Louise 149 • 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 • Fax: +32 2 502 50 38 [email protected] Preventing War. Shaping Peace. Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. Buddhist Nationalism in Myanmar and the Region ........................................................ 3 A. Historical Roots in Myanmar .................................................................................... 3 1. Kingdom and monarchy ....................................................................................... 3 2. British colonial period and independence ........................................................... 4 3. Patriotism and religion ......................................................................................... 5 B. Contemporary Drivers ............................................................................................... 6 1. Emergence of nationalism and violence .............................................................. 6 2. Perceived demographic and religious threats ...................................................... 7 3. Economic and cultural anxieties .......................................................................... 8 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Lagunbyee Old Town and the Discovery of the First Ceramic Kiln1
    Lagunbyee Old Town and the Discovery of the First Ceramic Kiln1 This paper is an attempt to give a brief account of Lagunbyee, an old fortress town southwest of Bago (Pegu) and a personal record of the discovery of the first ceramic kiln there in 1987. Lagunbyee old town is important for two reasons: (1) It was at one time a walled and moated fortress town guarding the capital Hanthawadi (modern Bago or Pegu). As one of the 32 towns surrounding Hanthawadi, the centre of the Mon kingdom in the 12th to 14th centuries AD, Lagunbyee played an important role as a military outpost. (2) It was in our time the place where the first ceramic cross-draft kiln was discovered in 1987 (about (16) years ago). We now know that there were at least (85) kilns in (15) sites in the Intagaw area around Lagunbyee indicating that it was once an important ceramic production centre. The site of the old moated and walled town is located at latitude 17 degrees 10 minutes N, and longitude 96 degrees 20 minutes E, about midway between the Ayeyawady and Sittaung river systems. It is on a large plain about a mile to the northwest of the main Yangon - Bago highway near the 32nd mile post. At the present time the nearest village is Min Lwin Gon about one mile and four furlongs to the south. The name of the town is connected with the Lagunbyee or Lagunbyin creek which forms its northern boundary: the road bridge across this creek is the border between the present Yangon and Bago Districts.
    [Show full text]
  • 5) Bayinnaung in the Hanthawadi Shinbyumya Shin Ayedawbon Chronicle 2.Pmd
    Bayinnaung in the Hanthawadi Hsinbyumya Shin Ayedawbon Chronicle by Thaw Kaung King Bayinnaung (AD 1551-1581) is known and respected in Myanmar as a great war- rior king of renown. Bayinnaung refers to himself in the only inscription that he left as “the Conqueror of the Ten Directions”.1 but this epithet is not found in the main Myanmar chronicles or in the Ayedawbon texts. Professor D. G. E. Hall of Rangoon University wrote that “Bayinnaung was a born leader of men. the greatest ever produced by Burma. ”2 There is a separate Ayedawbon historical chronicle devoted specifically to the campaigns and achievements of Bayinnaung entitled Hsinbyumya-shin Ayedawbon.3 Ayedawbon The term Ayedawbon means “a historical account of a royal campaign” 4 It also means a chronicle which records the campaigns and achivements of great kings like Rajadirit, Bayinnaung and Alaungphaya. The Ayedawbon is a Myanmar historical text which records : (1) How great men of prowess like Bayinnaung consolidated their power and became king. (2) How these kings retained their power by military campaigns, diplomacy, alliances and 1. For the full text of The Bell Inscription of King Bayinnaung see Report of the Superintendent, Archaeological Survey, Burma . 1953. Published 1955. p. 17-18. For the English translations by Dr. Than Tun and U Sein Myint see Myanmar Historical Research Journal. no. 8 (Dec. 2001) p. 16-20, 23-27. 2. D. G. E. Hall. Burma. 2nd ed. London : Hutchinson’s University Library, 1956. p.41. 3. The variant titles are Hsinbyushin Ayedawbon and Hanthawadi Ayedawbon. 4. Myanmar - English Dictionary.
    [Show full text]
  • Myanmar Buddhism of the Pagan Period
    MYANMAR BUDDHISM OF THE PAGAN PERIOD (AD 1000-1300) BY WIN THAN TUN (MA, Mandalay University) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY SOUTHEAST ASIAN STUDIES PROGRAMME NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE 2002 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my gratitude to the people who have contributed to the successful completion of this thesis. First of all, I wish to express my gratitude to the National University of Singapore which offered me a 3-year scholarship for this study. I wish to express my indebtedness to Professor Than Tun. Although I have never been his student, I was taught with his book on Old Myanmar (Khet-hoà: Mranmâ Râjawaà), and I learnt a lot from my discussions with him; and, therefore, I regard him as one of my teachers. I am also greatly indebted to my Sayas Dr. Myo Myint and Professor Han Tint, and friends U Ni Tut, U Yaw Han Tun and U Soe Kyaw Thu of Mandalay University for helping me with the sources I needed. I also owe my gratitude to U Win Maung (Tampavatî) (who let me use his collection of photos and negatives), U Zin Moe (who assisted me in making a raw map of Pagan), Bob Hudson (who provided me with some unpublished data on the monuments of Pagan), and David Kyle Latinis for his kind suggestions on writing my early chapters. I’m greatly indebted to Cho Cho (Centre for Advanced Studies in Architecture, NUS) for providing me with some of the drawings: figures 2, 22, 25, 26 and 38.
    [Show full text]
  • Gulf of Mottama Management Plan
    GULF OF MOTTAMA MANAGEMENT PLAN PROJECT IMPLEMTATION AND COORDINATION UNIT – PCIU COVER DESIGN: 29, MYO SHAUNG RD, TAUNG SHAN SU WARD, MAWLAMYINE, NYANSEIK RARMARN MON STATE, MYANMAR KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND COMMUNICATION OFFICER GULF OF MOTTAMA PROJECT (GOMP) Gulf of Mottama Management Plan, May 2019 GULF OF MOTTAMA MANAGEMENT PLAN Published: 16 May 2019 This management plan is endorsed by Mon State and Bago Regional Governments, to be adopted as a guidance document for natural resource management and sustainable development for resilient communities in the Gulf of Mottama. 1 Gulf of Mottama Management Plan, May 2019 This page is intentionally left blank 2 Gulf of Mottama Management Plan, May 2019 Gulf of Mottama Project (GoMP) GoMP is a project of Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) and is implemented by HELVETAS Myanmar, Network Activities Group (NAG), International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), and Biodiversity and Nature Conservation Association(BANCA). 3 Gulf of Mottama Management Plan, May 2019 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The drafting of this Gulf of Mottama Management Plan started early 2016 with an integrated meeting on May 31 to draft the first concept. After this initial workshop, a series of consultations were organized attended by different people from several sectors. Many individuals and groups actively participated in the development of this management plan. We would like to acknowledge the support of the Ministries and Departments who have been actively involved at the Union level which more specifically were Ministry of Natural Resource and Environmental Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation, Forest Department, Department of Agriculture, Department of Fisheries, Department of Rural Development and Environmental Conservation Department.
    [Show full text]
  • Cedaw/C/Mmr/1
    United Nations CEDAW/C/MMR/1 Convention on the Elimination of All Distr.: General Forms of Discrimination 25 June 1999 against Women Original: English Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 18 of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women Initial report of States parties Myanmar Contents Page I. Introduction ........................................................................... 3 II. DataaboutMyanmar ................................................................... 3 A. Areaandpopulation............................................................... 3 B. History .......................................................................... 3 C. Economy ......................................................................... 4 D. Employment...................................................................... 5 E. Socialfeatures.................................................................... 5 F. Environment ..................................................................... 6 G. Internationalrelations ............................................................. 6 H. Demographicfactors .............................................................. 7 III. Convention articles ..................................................................... 7 Articles1and2.Legalprovisionsagainstdiscrimination ................................... 7 Article3.Nationalmachineryandprogrammes ....................................
    [Show full text]
  • New Bago-Kyaikto Highway Section) in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar
    Ministry of Construction Republic of the Union of Myanmar Preparatory Survey for the East-West Economic Corridor Highway Development Project (New Bago-Kyaikto Highway Section) in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar Final Report Volume 1 Main Report February 2020 Japan International Cooperation Agency Oriental Consultants Global Co., Ltd. Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. International Development Center of Japan Inc. 1R Metropolitan Expressway Co., Ltd. JR(P) 20-003 Ministry of Construction Republic of the Union of Myanmar Preparatory Survey for the East-West Economic Corridor Highway Development Project (New Bago-Kyaikto Highway Section) in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar Final Report Volume 1 Main Report February 2020 Japan International Cooperation Agency Oriental Consultants Global Co., Ltd. Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. International Development Center of Japan Inc. Metropolitan Expressway Co., Ltd. Currency Equivalents USD 1.00 = MMK1,500 = JPY 109.0 (January 2020) *MMK: Myanmar Kyat Location Map and Site Conditions around East-West Economic Corridor and National Highway ③NH8 (West area of the existing ④The existing Sittang Bridge ⑤NH8 (East area of the existing ①NH8 Toll Gate (BOT) ②NH8 Waw City ⑥NH8 Kyaito City Sittang Bridge) (oparated in 2008) Sittang Bridge) ⑦Crossing River Point of the New Sittang Bridge on the left bank (1) ③ ② ④ ① ⑤ ⑨ ⑮ ⑩ ⑦ ⑥ ⑭ ⑧ ⑧Crossing River Point of the New Sittang Bridge on the left bank (2) ⑬ ⑫ ⑨Crossing River Point of the New ⑪ Sittang Bridge on the left bank (Paddy Field Zone) ⑩Crossing River Point of the New
    [Show full text]
  • University of Mandalay ELEPHANT in MYANMAR SOCIETY (1752-1885
    University of Mandalay ELEPHANT IN MYANMAR SOCIETY (1752-1885) Palè Aung Mandalay, Myanmar March 2007 ELEPHANT IN MYANMAR SOCIETY (1752-1885) University of Mandalay ELEPHANT IN MYANMAR SOCIETY (1752-1885) A Dissertation Submitted to University of Mandalay In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in History Department of History Palè Aung 4 Ph.D. / Hist. – 4 Mandalay, Myanmar March 2007 ABSTRACT The Dissertation titled, Elephant in Myanmar Society (1752-1885) is presented by dividing into four chapters, in which Chapter I deals with "Elephant in Myanmar mythology", and Chapter II describes "the Elephant in Myanmar Art and Literature" and Chapter III explains “Elephant in warfare”, while the last chapter expounds about the "Elephanteers in Society". It explains the elephant cult and how elephants are related with it. As Myanmar kings accepted the white elephant as the Buddha-to-be, the cult of white elephant was related with the lives of the Buddha. By the acceptance of textual conception that the white elephant brings peace and prosperity, the dissertation goes on mention that, how kings and people of Myanmar firmly believed in the white elephant cult, how they adopted the title of the White Elephant. But Chapter I describes the irony of how the possessor Kings of white elephant faced the imperialist wars. The kings manipulated the literature by incorporating the cult of white elephant into it, in order to expand the aura and the influence of the reigning king, by which made the ruling of the country easy. As the white elephant possessing kings encouraged, art, literature and sculpture that related with the white elephant, came to emerge and piled into a heap.
    [Show full text]
  • The Tiger's Mouth
    Myanmar kyarr phong fishery: the tiger’s mouth Item Type article Authors Nyein, Yin; Mathew, Sebastian Download date 28/09/2021 03:17:37 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/36013 Myanmar KYARR PHONG FISHERY The Tiger’s Mouth By enacting new legislation and policies on tenure rights, labour rights and fi shing rights the unique kyarr phong fi shery in the Gulf of Mottama, Myanmar, can be substantially improved yarr in Burmese means ‘tiger’ Ayeyarwady, Salween and Sittang and kyarr phong literally means drain into the Gulf, carrying huge K‘tiger mouth net’. It is the most loads of sediment. The Gulf, according abundant fishing gear in the Republic to a 2004 paper published in of the Union of Myanmar after bottom Marine Geology, is one of the largest trawl, purse-seine and drift-net. mud belts in the world’s oceans, The kyarr phong fishery—a bag net measuring over 45,000 sq km during attached underneath a bamboo raft, spring tide and about 15,000 sq km. both anchored together—is a unique during neap tide. The sediments are fishery, an adaptation of stow-nets loaded with minerals and nutrients and stow-boats, originally used in large favouring abundant fishery resources, rivers for catching small prawns. It is comprising many tropical species. The now practised in the Gulf of Mottama mud belt, according to the National (previously known as Martaban), Institute of Oceanography (NIO), 20 between September and May, at a India, moves in sync with the tidal distance between 14 to 40 nautical cycle every 14 days.
    [Show full text]
  • ICBMS Book of Abstracts
    BOOK OF ABSTRACTS International Conference on Burma/Myanmar Studies Burma/Myanmar in Transition: Connectivity, Changes and Challenges 24–26 July 2015 Chiang Mai University INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BURMA/MYANMAR STUDIES BURMA/MYANMAR IN TRANSITION: CONNECTIVITY, CHANGES AND CHALLENGES 2 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BURMA/MYANMAR STUDIES BURMA/MYANMAR IN TRANSITION: CONNECTIVITY, CHANGES AND CHALLENGES PREFACE The International Conference on Burma/Myanmar Studies, held during July 24–26, 2015, is an initiative of Chiang Mai University and the University of Mandalay to bring together scholars from Myanmar, Thailand, and beyond to learn from and exchange knowledge with each other about Burma/ Myanmar’s history, economy, culture, agricultural and environmental transformation, language, literature, and much more. The aim of this international conference is to work towards a better understanding of Myanmar’s transition toward peace and democratization, economic reforms, and ethnic politics, and its increased connection with a global society, as well as how Myanmar maintains its diverse cultures and traditions. It is hoped that the conference will stimulate further research and exchanges on issues related to Burma/Myanmar studies. This Book of Abstracts well demonstrates the diverse interests of scholars and students of Burma/Myanmar’s society and their concerns about the transformation, as well as its social and environmental consequences. The corresponding papers have been uploaded onto the RCSD website. Those who are interested in the full text of these papers are invited to visit our website at http://rcsd.soc.cmu.ac.th/web/Burma/home.php. Many people and organizations have put tremendous effort towards making this conference possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Rapid Assessment of the Gulf of Mottama by Dr. Bishnu B. Bhandari, Ms. Reiko Nakamura, Mr. Kimihikomaekawa & Dr. Pyae Phyo
    Rapid Assessment of the Gulf of Mottama (East Coast) By Dr. Bishnu B. Bhandari, Ms. Reiko Nakamura, Mr. KimihikoMaekawa & Dr. Pyae Phyo Aung Ramsar Center Japan & Biodiversity & Nature Conservation Association 2017 Published by Ramsar Center Japan 2-10-3 Minami-Kugahara, Ota-ku Tokyo 146-0084, Japan. Tel: +81-3-3758-7926 E-mail: [email protected] http://rcj.o.oo7.jp/ Publication year: 2017 Copyright: Ramsar Center Japan 2017 Suggested Citation Bishnu B. Bhandari, Reiko Nakamura, KimihikoMaekawa, & Pyae Phyo Aung (2017). Rapid Assessment of the Gulf of Mottama (East Coast). Tokyo: Ramsar Center Japan. This publication was supported by Keidanren Nature Conservation Fund (KNCF). 2 Contents 1. Gulf of Mottama & its Location …… …… …… 4 2. Special Fauna & Flora …… …… …… 5 a. Fishes …… …… …… 5 b. Birds …… …… …… 5 c. Seagrasses …… …… …… 6 d. Mangroves …… …… …… 6 e. Mammals …… …… …… 7 f. Benthos …… …… …… 7 g. Coral Reef …… …… …… 8 3. Management Initiatives …… …… …… 8 4. Coastal Village & Livelihoods …… …… …… 8 5. One Night at the Sandflat …… …… …… 11 6. Major Threats …… …… …… 13 7. Visit to Kyaikhtiyo …… …… …… 15 8. WWD Celebration at Moeyungyi …… …… …… 15 9. Reference …… …… …… 17 Annex I: Important Waterbird Species …… …… …… 18 Annex II: Common Waterbird Species …… …… …. .. 19 Annex III: Most Frequently Traded Fish Species …… …… 20 ++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++++ ++++++++++++++ Some Acronyms BANCA = Biodiversity and Nature Conservation Association CLCMGM = Community-led Coastal Management in the Gulf of Mottama EAAFP = East Asian-Australasian Flyway Partnership EESC = Environmental Education and Sustainability Center GOM = Gulf of Mottama IBA = Important Bird Area KNCF = Keidanren Nature Conservation Fund MONREC = Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation NAG = Network Activities Group NWCD = Nature & Wildlife Conservation Division SDC = Swiss Agency for Development & Cooperation WWD = World Wetlands Day 3 Rapid Assessment of the Gulf of Mottama1 (East Coast) Ms.
    [Show full text]
  • Updated Situation Analysis of the Gulf of Mottama
    Community-Led Coastal Management in the Gulf of Mottama Project (CLCMGoMP) Updated situation analysis of the Gulf of Mottama Based on the rapid socio-ecological assessment September 2015 Dr. Panwad Wongthong and Dr. James True 1 About SDC The Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) a division of the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (FDFA), is responsible for Switzerland’s international cooperation and development program. The most important areas of work for the SDC are as follows: - Bilateral and multilateral cooperation - Humanitarian aid, through the Humanitarian Aid Department and the Swiss Humanitarian Aid Unit (HA/SHA) - Cooperation with Eastern Europe and the CIS SDC in Myanmar SDC partners with both multilateral organizations and government institutions to create long- term, sustainable programs to reduce poverty, strengthen food security, expand economic opportunities for rural and marginalized communities, encourage gender and ethnic equity, while promoting a more active civil society that fosters transition to democracy. SDC focuses its bilateral interventions in the southeast of Myanmar, namely Mon, Kayin, Kayah States, and east Bago and northern Tanintharyi Regions. SDC is also a donor member of the Livelihood and Food Security Trust Fund (LIFT). The Swiss Cooperation Strategy in Myanmar for 2013-2017, outlines four main domains: - Employment and Vocational Skills Development - Agriculture and Food Security - Health, social services and Local Governance - Peace, Democratization and Protection Mainstreamed are three priority transversal themes which underpin interventions carried out in the four domain clusters: - Gender equality - Good governance - Climate change and disaster risk reduction The Community-Led Coastal Management in the Gulf of Mottama Project (CLCMGoMP) contributes to SDCs Agriculture and Food Security (AFS) portfolio.
    [Show full text]