Guide to Lung and Pleura CPT Coding Changes
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The Point of the Needle. Occult Pneumothorax: a Review P Gilligan, D Hegarty, T B Hassan
293 CASE REPORTS Emerg Med J: first published as 10.1136/emj.20.3.296 on 1 May 2003. Downloaded from The point of the needle. Occult pneumothorax: a review P Gilligan, D Hegarty, T B Hassan ............................................................................................................................. Emerg Med J 2003;20:293–296 maximal resonance, which was the left sixth intercostal space The case of a patient with an unusual medical condition in the anterior axillary line. Some 300 ml of air was aspirated and an occult pneumothorax is presented. The evidence from the left hemithorax and the patient clinically improved. for management of occult pneumothorax particularly in The chest radiograph revealed bilateral infiltrates and under- patients with underlying lung disease is reviewed and solu- lying cystic and bullous disease but failed to reveal evidence of tions to the acute clinical problems that may arise are a pneumothorax (fig 1). A chest radiograph performed after suggested. the needle decompression also failed to show a pneumotho- rax. Computed tomography (CT) of the thorax revealed an anterior pneumothorax (fig 2). This was drained under CT guidance by the placement of a chest drain catheter. 27 year old man with histiocytosis X presented to the During the patient’s in hospital stay his chest drain was emergency department with left posterior chest wall removed as his chest radiograph showed no evidence of Apain and marked dyspnoea. The patient previously had residual pneumothorax. The patient became markedly dysp- recurrent pneumothoraces, eight on the right and two on the noeic within 24 hours. Because of the clinical impression of left. He had undergone pleurodesis of the right lung. -
Thoracoscopy for Spontaneous Pneumothorax
Journal of Clinical Medicine Review Thoracoscopy for Spontaneous Pneumothorax José M. Porcel 1,2,3,* and Pyng Lee 4 1 Pleural Medicine Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, 25198 Lleida, Spain 2 Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida Fundació Dr. Pifarré, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain 3 School of Medicine, Universitat de Lleida, 25008 Lleida, Spain 4 Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The National University Hospital, Singapore 119228, Singapore; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) is the treatment of choice for recurrence preven- tion in patients with spontaneous pneumothorax (SP). Although the optimal surgical technique is uncertain, bullous resection using staplers in combination with mechanical pleurodesis, chemical pleurodesis and/or staple line coverage is usually undertaken. Currently, patient satisfaction, post- operative pain and other perioperative parameters have significantly improved with advancements in thoracoscopic technology, which include uniportal, needlescopic and nonintubated VATS variants. Ipsilateral recurrences after VATS occur in less than 5% of patients, in which case a redo-VATS is a feasible therapeutical option. Randomized controlled trials are urgently needed to shed light on the best definitive management of SP. Keywords: thoracoscopy; VATS; spontaneous pneumothorax; bullectomy; pleurodesis Citation: Porcel, J.M.; Lee, P. Thoracoscopy for Spontaneous 1. Introduction Pneumothorax. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, Pneumothorax can occur spontaneously or because of trauma or procedural compli- 3835. https://doi.org/10.3390/ cation. Spontaneous pneumothoraces (SP) are divided into primary (PSP) and secondary jcm10173835 (SSP). PSP occurs in someone without a known underlying lung disease, whereas SPP appears as a complication of an underlying lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pul- Academic Editors: Paola Ciriaco and Robert Hallifax monary disease, lung cancer, interstitial lung disease, or tuberculosis. -
Acr–Scbt-Mr–Spr–Str Practice Parameter for the Performance of Thoracic Computed Tomography (Ct)
p The American College of Radiology, with more than 30,000 members, is the principal organization of radiologists, radiation oncologists, and clinical medical physicists in the United States. The College is a nonprofit professional society whose primary purposes are to advance the science of radiology, improve radiologic services to the patient, study the socioeconomic aspects of the practice of radiology, and encourage continuing education for radiologists, radiation oncologists, medical physicists, and persons practicing in allied professional fields. The American College of Radiology will periodically define new practice parameters and technical standards for radiologic practice to help advance the science of radiology and to improve the quality of service to patients throughout the United States. Existing practice parameters and technical standards will be reviewed for revision or renewal, as appropriate, on their fifth anniversary or sooner, if indicated. Each practice parameter and technical standard, representing a policy statement by the College, has undergone a thorough consensus process in which it has been subjected to extensive review and approval. The practice parameters and technical standards recognize that the safe and effective use of diagnostic and therapeutic radiology requires specific training, skills, and techniques, as described in each document. Reproduction or modification of the published practice parameter and technical standard by those entities not providing these services is not authorized. Revised 2018 (Resolution 7)* ACR–SCBT-MR–SPR–STR PRACTICE PARAMETER FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF THORACIC COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) PREAMBLE This document is an educational tool designed to assist practitioners in providing appropriate radiologic care for patients. Practice Parameters and Technical Standards are not inflexible rules or requirements of practice and are not intended, nor should they be used, to establish a legal standard of care1. -
Update in Anaesthesia
Update in Anaesthesia Pulmonary Function Tests and Assessment for Lung Resection David Portch*, Bruce McCormick *Correspondence Email: [email protected] INTRODUCTION Summary respectively. There are 2400 lobectomies and 500 The aim of this article is to describe the tests available This article describes the for the assessment of patients presenting for lung pneumonectomies performed in the UK each year, steps taken to evaluate resection. The individual tests are explained and we with in-hospital mortality 2-4% for lobectomy and patients’ fitness for lung 4 describe how patients may progress through a series of 6-8% for pneumonectomy. resection surgery. Examples tests to identify those amenable to lung resection. Lung resection is most frequently performed to treat are used to demonstrate interpretation of these tests. Pulmonary function testing is a vital part of the non-small cell lung cancer. This major surgery places It is vital to use these tests in assessment process for thoracic surgery. However, large metabolic demands on patients, increasing conjunction with a thorough for other types of surgery there is no evidence postoperative oxygen consumption by up to 50%. history and examination that spirometry is more effective than history and Patients presenting for lung resection are often high in order to achieve an examination in predicting postoperative pulmonary risk due to a combination of their age (median age accurate assessment of each complications in patients with known chronic lung is 70 years)5 and co-morbidities. Since non-surgical patient’s level of function. conditions. Furthermore specific spirometric values mortality approaches 100%, a thorough assessment of Much of this assessment (e.g. -
Nonintubated Thoracoscopic Surgery Using Regional Anesthesia and Vagal Block and Targeted Sedation
Original Article Nonintubated thoracoscopic surgery using regional anesthesia and vagal block and targeted sedation Ke-Cheng Chen1,2, Ya-Jung Cheng3, Ming-Hui Hung3, Yu-Ding Tseng1, Jin-Shing Chen1,2 1Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin County, Taiwan; 2Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; 3Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan Corresponding to: Dr. Jin-Shing Chen. Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan. Email: [email protected]. Objective: Thoracoscopic surgery without endotracheal intubation is a novel technique for diagnosis and treatment of thoracic diseases. This study reported the experience of nonintubated thoracoscopic surgery in a tertiary medical center in Taiwan. Methods: From August 2009 through August 2013, 446 consecutive patients with lung or pleural diseases were treated by nonintubated thoracoscopic surgery. Regional anesthesia was achieved by thoracic epidural anesthesia or internal intercostal blockade. Targeted sedation was performed with propofol infusion to achieve a bispectral index value between 40 and 60. The demographic data and clinical outcomes were evaluated by retrospective chart review. Results: Thoracic epidural anesthesia was used in 290 patients (65.0%) while internal intercostal blockade was used in 156 patients (35.0%). The final diagnosis were primary lung cancer in 263 patients (59.0%), metastatic lung cancer in 38 (8.5%), benign lung tumor in 140 (31.4%), and pneumothorax in 5 (1.1%). The median anesthetic induction time was 30 minutes by thoracic epidural anesthesia and was 10 minutes by internal intercostal blockade. -
Your Lung Operation Booklet
1 AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS DIVISION OF EDUCATION SURGICAL PATIENT EDUCATION Table of Contents Welcome ...................................................................................1 Your Lungs ...............................................................................2 Lung Cancer ...........................................................................3 SURGICAL Understanding Your Operation ........................................4 PATIENT Preoperative Tests ................................................................5 EDUCATION Home Preparation ................................................................8 The Day of Your Operation ...............................................13 After Your Operation ..........................................................14 Your Recovery and Discharge .........................................17 When to Call Your Doctor .................................................19 Welcome You and your family are important members of the surgical team. The American College of Surgeons (ACS) “Your Lung Operation: Education for a Better Recovery” program will help you prepare for your operation and recovery. You and your family will know what to expect. You will learn how to work with your surgical team to ensure that you have the best surgical outcomes. COMPLETE THE “YOUR LUNG OPERATION” EDUCATION PROGRAM: Watch the DVD Read the booklet Review the Medication List and Quit Smoking Resources (inside front cover) Complete the Activity Log (inside front cover) Send us your evaluation after -
The Method of Medical Thoracoscopy 2Nd Edition
® THE METHOD OF MEDICAL THORACOSCOPY 2nd Edition Ralf HEINE Jan Hendrik BARTELS Christian WEISS THE METHOD OF MEDICAL THORACOSCOPY 2nd Edition Ralf HEINE, MD Jan Hendrik BARTELS, MD Christian WEISS Medical Clinic III – Pneumonology, Hematology-Oncology and Palliative Medicine Hospital of St. Elisabeth and St. Barbara Halle (Saale), Germany 4 The Method of Medical Thoracoscopy Cover image: The Method of Medical Thoracoscopy Andreas Heine 2nd Edition Ralf Heine, MD Jan Hendrik Bartels, MD Christian Weiss Medical Clinic III – Pneumonology, Hematology-Oncology and Palliative Medicine, Hospital of St. Elisabeth and St. Barbara, Halle (Saale), Germany Correspondence address of the author: Dr. med. Ralf Heine Facharzt für Innere Medizin, Pneumologie Important notes: und Notfallmedizin Medical knowledge is ever changing. As new research and clinical Chefarzt der Medizinischen Klinik III – Pneumologie, experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treat ment and therapy Häma tologie-Onkologie und Palliativmedizin may be required. The authors and editors of the material herein Krankenhaus St. Elisabeth und St. Barbara, Halle/Saale have consulted sources believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide information that is complete and in accord with the Mauerstr. 5 standards accept ed at the time of publication. However, in view of 06110 Halle/Saale, Germany the possibili ty of human error by the authors, editors, or publisher, or changes in medical knowledge, neither the authors, editors, All rights reserved. publisher, nor any other party who has been involved in the prepara- nd | st tion of this booklet, warrants that the information contained herein is 2 edition 1 edition 2007 in every respect accurate or complete, and they are not responsible © 2015 GmbH for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from use of P.O. -
Core Curriculum for Surgical Technology Sixth Edition
Core Curriculum for Surgical Technology Sixth Edition Core Curriculum 6.indd 1 11/17/10 11:51 PM TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Healthcare sciences A. Anatomy and physiology 7 B. Pharmacology and anesthesia 37 C. Medical terminology 49 D. Microbiology 63 E. Pathophysiology 71 II. Technological sciences A. Electricity 85 B. Information technology 86 C. Robotics 88 III. Patient care concepts A. Biopsychosocial needs of the patient 91 B. Death and dying 92 IV. Surgical technology A. Preoperative 1. Non-sterile a. Attire 97 b. Preoperative physical preparation of the patient 98 c. tneitaP noitacifitnedi 99 d. Transportation 100 e. Review of the chart 101 f. Surgical consent 102 g. refsnarT 104 h. Positioning 105 i. Urinary catheterization 106 j. Skin preparation 108 k. Equipment 110 l. Instrumentation 112 2. Sterile a. Asepsis and sterile technique 113 b. Hand hygiene and surgical scrub 115 c. Gowning and gloving 116 d. Surgical counts 117 e. Draping 118 B. Intraoperative: Sterile 1. Specimen care 119 2. Abdominal incisions 121 3. Hemostasis 122 4. Exposure 123 5. Catheters and drains 124 6. Wound closure 128 7. Surgical dressings 137 8. Wound healing 140 1 c. Light regulation d. Photoreceptors e. Macula lutea f. Fovea centralis g. Optic disc h. Brain pathways C. Ear 1. Anatomy a. External ear (1) Auricle (pinna) (2) Tragus b. Middle ear (1) Ossicles (a) Malleus (b) Incus (c) Stapes (2) Oval window (3) Round window (4) Mastoid sinus (5) Eustachian tube c. Internal ear (1) Labyrinth (2) Cochlea 2. Physiology of hearing a. Sound wave reception b. Bone conduction c. -
Post-Pneumonectomy Bronchopleural Fistula
9 Review Article Page 1 of 9 Complications of thoracic surgery: post-pneumonectomy bronchopleural fistula Anuj Wali1, Andrea Billè1,2 1Thoracic Surgery Department, Guy’s Hospital, London, UK; 2Division of Cancer Studies, King’s College London Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine at Guy’s, Kings College and St. Thomas’ Hospitals, London, UK Contributions: (I) Conception and design: All authors; (II) Administrative support: A Billè; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: A Wali; (IV) Collection and assembly of data: A Wali; (V) Data analysis and interpretation: A Wali; (VI) Manuscript writing: All authors; (VII) Final approval of manuscript: All authors. Correspondence to: Andrea Billè. Thoracic Surgery Department, Guy’s Hospital, 6th Floor, Borough Wing, London SE1 9RT, UK. Email: [email protected]. Abstract: Bronchopleural fistula (BPF) describes an abnormal connection between a bronchus (main, lobar or segmental) and the pleural cavity. BPF is a recognized complication after pneumonectomy and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The risk of post-pneumonectomy BPF (PP-BPF) is greater in right sided operations, male patients, residual tumor, barotrauma, previous TB and active infection. If suspected, diagnosis of BPF should be made expeditiously with computed tomography scanning and bronchoscopy. The management depends on the timing of presentation, the size of the fistula and the clinical status of the patient. All patients require drainage of the infected pleural space and intravenous antibiotics. In early presentations, re-do thoracotomy followed by stump closure and reinforcement with a pedicled muscle flap is recommended. If the fistula is small (<5 mm) or the patient is not fit enough for major surgery, bronchoscopic repair using fibrin glue application, stents or closure devices can be attempted. -
Both Left Upper Lobectomy and Left Pneumonectomy Are Risk Factors For
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Both left upper lobectomy and left pneumonectomy are risk factors for postoperative stroke Received: 12 December 2018 Nanchang Xie1, Xianghe Meng1, Chuanjie Wu2, Yajun Lian1, Cui Wang3, Mengyan Yu1, Accepted: 8 July 2019 Yingjiao Li1 & Yali Wang1 Published: xx xx xxxx Retrospective studies have found that left upper lobectomy (LUL) may be a new risk factor for stroke, and the potential mechanism is pulmonary vein thrombosis, which more likely develops in the left superior pulmonary vein (LSPV) stump. The LSPV remaining after left pneumonectomy is similar to that remaining after LUL. However, the association between left pneumonectomy, LUL, and postoperative stroke remains unclear. Thus, we sought to analyze whether both LUL and left pneumonectomy are risk factors for postoperative stroke. We prospectively included consecutive patients who underwent resection between November 2016 and March 2018 at our institution with 6 months of follow-up. Baseline demographic and clinical data were taken. A logistic regression model was used to determine independent predictors of postoperative stroke. In our study, 756 patients who underwent an isolated pulmonary lobectomy procedure were screened; of these, 637 patients who completed the 6-month follow-up were included in the analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for common risk factors showed that the LUL and left pneumonectomy were independent predictors of stroke (odds ratio, 18.12; 95% confdence interval, 2.12–155.24; P = 0.008). Moreover, diabetes mellitus also was a predictor of postoperative stroke. In conclusion, both LUL and left pneumonectomy are signifcant risk factors for postoperative stroke. Stroke is one of the most feared complications of surgery, which occurs in 0.08–0.7% and 0.6% of general and thoracic surgery patients, respectively1–3. -
Treatment of Post Pneumonectomy Pleural Empyema by Open Window Thoracostomy
Eur Respir J 1989, 2, 853-855 Treatment of post pneumonectomy pleural empyema by open window thoracostomy P.E. Postmus*, J.M. Kerstjens,* W.J. de Boer*, J.N. Homan van der Heide*, G.H. KoE:Her* Treatmenl of post pneumonectomy pleural empyema by open window thora Dcpts of Pulmonary Diseases' , and Thoracic costomy. P.E. Postmus, J.M. Kerstjens, W.J. de Boer, JN. Homan van der Surgery "· University Hospital, Groningen, The Heide, GH. Koiiter. Netherlands. ABSTRACT: In 13 patients an open window thoracostomy (OWT) was Correspondence: P.E. Postmus, Dept of Pulmonol· performed for post pneumonectomy pleural empyema. The operation, and ogy, University Hospital, 59 Oostersingel, 9713 EZ life with an OWT cavity, were tolerated well. Early closure of an OWT Groningen, The Netherlands. is not advisable because of a high chance of recurrence of the infection and, In lung cancer patients also the risk of tumour relapse within two Keywords: Emphyema: pneumonectomy; window years after tumour surgery. thoracostomy. Eur Respir J., 1989, 2, 853-855 Received: November 14, 1988; accepted after revi sion February 2, 1989. Post pneumonectomy empyema with or without a Subsequenlly the cavity is thoroughly cleaned from bronchopleural fistula represents a rare but, without debris and necrotic tissue, whereupon the edges of the doubt, serious complication of thoracic surgery. skin are sutured onto Ll1e edges of the parietal pleura. In the majority of patients the infection will resolve After a check for bronchopleural fistulae and filling of after systemic antibiotics, adequate tube drainage and ir the cavity with moist gauze pads, the patient is extu rigation with or without lavage [I) and/or local instil bated. -
Answer Key Chapter 1
Instructor's Guide AC210610: Basic CPT/HCPCS Exercises Page 1 of 101 Answer Key Chapter 1 Introduction to Clinical Coding 1.1: Self-Assessment Exercise 1. The patient is seen as an outpatient for a bilateral mammogram. CPT Code: 77055-50 Note that the description for code 77055 is for a unilateral (one side) mammogram. 77056 is the correct code for a bilateral mammogram. Use of modifier -50 for bilateral is not appropriate when CPT code descriptions differentiate between unilateral and bilateral. 2. Physician performs a closed manipulation of a medial malleolus fracture—left ankle. CPT Code: 27766-LT The code represents an open treatment of the fracture, but the physician performed a closed manipulation. Correct code: 27762-LT 3. Surgeon performs a cystourethroscopy with dilation of a urethral stricture. CPT Code: 52341 The documentation states that it was a urethral stricture, but the CPT code identifies treatment of ureteral stricture. Correct code: 52281 4. The operative report states that the physician performed Strabismus surgery, requiring resection of the medial rectus muscle. CPT Code: 67314 The CPT code selection is for resection of one vertical muscle, but the medial rectus muscle is horizontal. Correct code: 67311 5. The chiropractor documents that he performed osteopathic manipulation on the neck and back (lumbar/thoracic). CPT Code: 98925 Note in the paragraph before code 98925, the body regions are identified. The neck would be the cervical region; the thoracic and lumbar regions are identified separately. Therefore, three body regions are identified. Correct code: 98926 Instructor's Guide AC210610: Basic CPT/HCPCS Exercises Page 2 of 101 6.