"Major Prime Brokers Losing Market Share", Hedge Fund Alert, May 8
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New Basis for the Hedge Fund / Prime Broker Relationship
Ag48 xel Pierron New Basis for the Hedge Fund / Prime Broker Relationship Implementing the Right IT Infrastructure June 2011 Content 3 Executive Summary 5 Introduction 7 Building a New Prime Brokerage Relationship 7 Adoption of the Multi-Prime Model 9 Implementation of Multi-Asset Trading and Multi-Market Strategy 11 Requirements for Greater Transparency and Reporting Capabilities 13 Leveraging IT Infrastructure to Answer New Market Demand 13 The Prime Brokerage Platforms in the Broker-Dealer IT Ecosys- tem 16 Implementing the Right Level of Segregation Between PB and Broker-Dealer Business 17 Multi-Asset Offering May Require Multiple Platforms 18 Reporting: Real Time Updating of Transaction Status 18 Consolidation of Data for Client Portfolio 21 Regional Connectivity: Multiple CCPs and CSDs 21 Buy Vs. Build 24 Conclusion 26 Leveraging Celent’s Expertise 26 Support for Financial Institutions 26 Support for Vendors 28 About Broadridge Executive Summary The financial crisis has changed the relationship between hedge funds and prime brokers for good. With the default and quasi-default of some of the leading providers in the space, funds have realized that they should diversify their prime broker relationships and require more transparency on the operational processes of their prime provid- ers. However, as the funds industry regains momentum, they are more than ever turning to their prime brokers to provide the services that will support business expansion. Hence, prime brokers need to adapt their offering and IT infrastructure to respond to the changing market environment by: Implementing true multi-asset and multi-market capabili- ties. In their quest to generate alpha, funds are expecting their prime brokers to provide an extended product and geo- graphic breadth through one platform. -
What Happened to the Quants in August 2007?∗
What Happened To The Quants In August 2007?∗ Amir E. Khandaniy and Andrew W. Loz First Draft: September 20, 2007 Latest Revision: September 20, 2007 Abstract During the week of August 6, 2007, a number of high-profile and highly successful quan- titative long/short equity hedge funds experienced unprecedented losses. Based on empir- ical results from TASS hedge-fund data as well as the simulated performance of a specific long/short equity strategy, we hypothesize that the losses were initiated by the rapid un- winding of one or more sizable quantitative equity market-neutral portfolios. Given the speed and price impact with which this occurred, it was likely the result of a sudden liqui- dation by a multi-strategy fund or proprietary-trading desk, possibly due to margin calls or a risk reduction. These initial losses then put pressure on a broader set of long/short and long-only equity portfolios, causing further losses on August 9th by triggering stop-loss and de-leveraging policies. A significant rebound of these strategies occurred on August 10th, which is also consistent with the sudden liquidation hypothesis. This hypothesis suggests that the quantitative nature of the losing strategies was incidental, and the main driver of the losses in August 2007 was the firesale liquidation of similar portfolios that happened to be quantitatively constructed. The fact that the source of dislocation in long/short equity portfolios seems to lie elsewhere|apparently in a completely unrelated set of markets and instruments|suggests that systemic risk in the hedge-fund industry may have increased in recent years. -
Statement of Michael A. Mendelson for Securities Lending and Short Sale
Written Statement of Michael A. Mendelson, AQR Capital Management LLC Before the Securities and Exchange Commission Securities Lending and Short Sale Roundtable September 30, 2009 Panel 1: Controls on "Naked" Short Selling: Pre-Borrow and Hard Locate Requirements Chairman Schapiro and Commissioners, my name is Michael Mendelson. I am a Principal and portfolio manager at AQR Capital Management LLC, and one of my responsibilities includes portfolio financing. AQR Capital Management is an investment management firm that manages hedge funds, separate accounts and mutual funds. Among others, our investors include pension funds, endowments, and foundations. In employing a disciplined multi-asset, research-driven process, we often take a market- neutral approach that includes the use of short selling. I appreciate the opportunity to appear before you to share my views on securities lending and proposals to further deter “naked” short selling (i.e. selling stock you do not own and for which you haven’t received an affirmative determination that the stock is available for delivery), in particular proposals to mandate pre-borrows or institute a hard locate requirement. Short selling is an essential activity in a market that allocates capital efficiently. Short selling improves market liquidity and lowers transaction costs. Equally important, it makes possible proper price discovery, reducing the likelihood and severity of destructive asset pricing bubbles. But, even as short selling provides helpful economic gains, “naked” short selling can deprive buyers of securities of their legitimate rights. While I believe that there is little basis for the argument that naked short selling played any role in the financial crisis of 2008 or in the failures of either Lehman Brothers Holdings or Bear Stearns Companies, I do believe that naked short selling, or at least naked short selling coupled with the subsequent inability to deliver shares to settle the transaction is a violation of the contractual obligations of the seller of a security or its clearing broker. -
Crises and Hedge Fund Risk∗
Crises and Hedge Fund Risk∗ Monica Billio†, Mila Getmansky‡, and Loriana Pelizzon§ This Draft: September 7, 2009 Abstract We study the effects of financial crises on hedge fund risk and show that liquidity, credit, equity market, and volatility are common risk factors during crises for various hedge fund strategies. We also apply a novel methodology to identify the presence of a common latent (idiosyncratic) risk factor exposure across all hedge fund strategies. If the latent risk factor is omitted in risk modeling, the resulting effect of financial crises on hedge fund risk is greatly underestimated. The common latent factor exposure across the whole hedge fund industry was present during the Long-Term Capital Management (LTCM) crisis of 1998 and the 2008 Global financial crisis. Other crises including the subprime mortgage crisis of 2007 affected the whole hedge fund industry only through classical systematic risk factors. Keywords: Hedge Funds; Risk Management; Liquidity; Financial Crises; JEL Classification: G12, G29, C51 ∗We thank Tobias Adrian, Vikas Agarwal, Lieven Baele, Nicolas Bollen, Ben Branch, Stephen Brown, Darwin Choi, Darrell Duffie, Bruno Gerard, David Hsieh, Luca Fanelli, William Fung, Patrick Gagliar- dini, Will Goetzmann, Robin Greenwood, Philipp Hartmann, Ravi Jagannathan, Nikunj Kapadia, Hossein Kazemi, Martin Lettau, Bing Liang, Andrew Lo, Narayan Naik, Colm O’Cinneide, Geert Rouwenhorst, Stephen Schaefer, Tom Schneeweis, Matthew Spiegel, Heather Tookes, Marno Verbeek, Pietro Veronesi, and seminar participants at the NBER -
Introduction and Overview of 40 Act Liquid Alternative Funds
Introduction and Overview of 40 Act Liquid Alternative Funds July 2013 Citi Prime Finance Introduction and Overview of 40 Act Liquid Alternative Funds I. Introduction 5 II. Overview of Alternative Open-End Mutual Funds 6 Single-Manager Mutual Funds 6 Multi-Alternative Mutual Funds 8 Managed Futures Mutual Funds 9 III. Overview of Alternative Closed-End Funds 11 Alternative Exchange-Traded Funds 11 Continuously Offered Interval or Tender Offer Funds 12 Business Development Companies 13 Unit Investment Trusts 14 IV. Requirements for 40 Act Liquid Alternative Funds 15 Registration and Regulatory Filings 15 Key Service Providers 16 V. Marketing and Distributing 40 Act Liquid Alternative Funds 17 Mutual Fund Share Classes 17 Distribution Channels 19 Marketing Strategy 20 Conclusion 22 Introduction and Overview of 40 Act Liquid Alternative Funds | 3 Section I: Introduction and Overview of 40 Act Liquid Alternative Funds This document is an introduction to ’40 Act funds for hedge fund managers exploring the possibilities available within the publically offered funds market in the United States. The document is not a comprehensive manual for the public funds market; instead, it is a primer for the purpose of introducing the different fund products and some of their high-level requirements. This document does not seek to provide any legal advice. We do not intend to provide any opinion in this document that could be considered legal advice by our team. We would advise all firms looking at these products to engage with a qualified law firm or outside general counsel to review the detailed implications of moving into the public markets and engaging with United States regulators of those markets. -
Structured Finance
Financial Institutions U.S.A. Investcorp Bank B.S.C. Full Rating Report Ratings Key Rating Drivers Investcorp Bank B.S.C. Strong Gulf Franchise: The ratings of Investcorp B.S.C. (Investcorp, or the company) reflect Long-Term IDR BB Short-Term IDR B the company’s strong client franchise in the Gulf, established track record in private equity (PE) Viability Rating bb and commercial real estate investment, strong capital levels and solid funding profile. Rating constraints include sizable balance sheet co-investments and potential earnings volatility and Investcorp S.A. Investcorp Capital Ltd. placement risks presented by the business model, which could pressure interest coverage. Long-Term IDR BB Short-Term IDR B Gulf Institutional Owners Positive: The Positive Rating Outlook reflects franchise and Senior Unsecured Debt BB earnings benefits that may accrue to Investcorp from the 20% strategic equity stake sale to Support Rating Floor NF Mubadala Development Co. (Mubadala) in March 2017, a sovereign wealth fund of Abu Dhabi. This follows a 9.99% equity stake sale to another Gulf-based institution in 2015. Fitch Ratings Rating Outlook Positive views these transactions favorably, as the relationships may give Investcorp expanded access to potential new investors as well as a more stable equity base. 3i Business Diversifies AUM: The cash-funded acquisition of 3i Debt Management (3iDM) in March 2017 added $10.8 billion in AUM and is expected to be accretive for Investcorp, adding Financial Data stable management fee income. However, the acquired co-investment assets and ongoing risk Investcorp Bank B.S.C. retention requirements do increase Investcorp’s balance sheet risk exposure. -
Dear Fellow Shareholders
Dear Fellow Shareholders: At Evercore, we aspire to be the most respected independent investment banking advi- sory firm globally. Our overarching objective is to help a growing base of clients achieve superior results through trusted independent and innovative advice, provided by excep- tional professionals who bring to our clients diverse perspectives and experiences. Our clients include multinational corporations, financial sponsors, institutional investors, sov- ereign wealth funds, and wealthy individuals and family offices. Achieving this objective requires that we steadily build our team by recruiting the best, from those beginning their professional careers to veterans with decades of experience. We are deliberate in selecting and developing the members of our team, seeking to attract individuals who share our Core Values: Client Focus, Integrity, Excellence, Respect, Investment in People and Partnership. Our values are the defining elements of our culture, telling our clients and current and future generations of partners and employees what they can expect from our firm. Realizing our aspiration also requires that we deliver attractive financial results over time. Strong financial results create the opportunity to invest and grow, enabling us to serve more clients and enhance the range of services we offer. The environment for our business was generally favorable in 2017, providing both good opportunities and a few challenges: • Advisory Services: Demand for strategic corporate and capital markets advisory services remains strong. The appeal of purely independent, unconflicted advice continues to grow and the opportunities and challenges facing our clients are broad, as economic conditions, globalization, technology and regulation drive strategic change. We believe that we are well positioned here. -
Prime Brokerage in FOCUS 2021
Prime Brokerage IN FOCUS 2021 INDUSTRY OUTLOOK BOUTIQUE PRIME BROKERS OUTSOURCED TRADING Buoyancy in hedge funds bodes Client relationships key to rise Extensive capabilities deliver in well for PB business of boutique PBs challenging times Featuring Cowen | IG Prime | Jefferies | Lazarus Capital Partners | Triad Securities World-class integrated prime brokerage solutions Dedicated client service & dealing capabilities Simplified prime structure Unrivalled market access Online reporting & portal Execution, custody & financing Multiple asset class coverage Full service global markets execution with dedicated dealer representative Industry leading rules-based margining across all asset classes Flexible account structures and reporting capabilities fully tailored to the specific needs of each client Institutional grade Prime Services for hedge funds, family offices and HNW private clients www.lazaruscapitalpartners.com Australia | Hong Kong Contact us for a confidential discussion [email protected] CONTENTS 06 INSIDE THIS ISSUE… 04 HIGHER SCRUTINY WELCOMED BY THE INDUSTRY By A. Paris 06 THE IMPORTANCE OF BEING VISIBLE Interview with Barsam Lakani & Leor Shapiro, Jefferies 09 STRONG CLIENT RELATIONSHIPS SUPPORT RISE OF BOUTIQUE PRIME BROKERS Interview with Dale Klynhout, Warren Goward & Nicholas Stotz, Lazarus Capital Partners 12 INDUSTRY SUPPORTIVE OF PRIME BUSINESS DESPITE 09 HURDLES Interview with Jack Seibald, Cowen Prime Services 14 KEEPING STRONG IN A STORM: EXTENSIVE TRADING CAPABILITIES DELIVER Interview with Larry Goldsmith & Michael Bird, Triad Securities 17 DIRECTORY 12 Published by: Hedgeweek, 8 St James’s Square, London SW1Y 4JU, UK www.hedgeweek.com ©Copyright 2021 Global Fund Media Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be repro- duced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. -
Sovereign Wealth Funds As Sustainability Instruments? Disclosure of Sustainability Criteria in Worldwide Comparison
sustainability Article Sovereign Wealth Funds as Sustainability Instruments? Disclosure of Sustainability Criteria in Worldwide Comparison Stefan Wurster * and Steffen Johannes Schlosser TUM School of Governance, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) are state-owned investment vehicles intended to pursue national objectives. Their nature as long-term investors combined with their political mandate could make SWFs an instrument suited to promote sustainability. As an essential precondition, it is important for SWFs to commit to sustainability criteria as part of an overarching strategy. In the article, we present the sustainability disclosure index (SDI), an original new dataset for a selection of over 50 SWFs to investigate whether SWFs disclose sustainability criteria covering environmental, social, economic, and governance aspects into their mandate. In addition to an empirical measurement of the disclosure rate, we conduct multiple regressions to analyze what factors help to explain the variance between SWFs. We see that a majority of SWFs disclose at least some of the sustainability criteria. However, until today, only a small minority address a broad selection as a possible basis for a comprehensive sustainability strategy. While a high-state capacity and a young population in a country as well as a commitment to the international Santiago Principles are positively associated with a higher disclosure rate, we find no evidence for strong effects of the economic development level, the resource abundance, and the degree of democratization of a country or of the specific size and structure of a fund. Identifying favorable conditions for a higher commitment of SWFs could Citation: Wurster, S.; Schlosser, S.J. -
The Impact of Portfolio Financing on Alpha Generation by H…
The Impact of Portfolio Financing on Alpha Generation by Hedge Funds An S3 Asset Management Commentary by Robert Sloan, Managing Partner and Krishna Prasad, Partner S3 Asset Management 590 Madison Avenue, 32nd Floor New York, NY 10022 Telephone: 212-759-5222 www.S3asset.com September 2004 Building a successful hedge fund requires more than just the traditional three Ps of Pedigree, Performance and Philosophy. As hedge funds’ popularity increases, it is increasingly clear that Process needs to be considered the 4th P in alpha generation. Clearly, balance sheet management, also known as securities or portfolio financing, is a key element of “process” as it adds to alpha (the hedge fund manager’s excess rate of return as compared to a benchmark). Typically, hedge funds surrender their balance sheet to their prime broker and do not fully understand the financing alpha that they often leave on the table. The prime brokerage business is an oligopoly and the top three providers virtually control the pricing of securities financing. Hedge funds and their investors therefore need to pay close heed to the value provided by their prime broker as it has a direct impact on alpha and the on-going health of a fund. Abstract As investors seek absolute returns, hedge funds have grown exponentially over the past decade. In the quest for better performance, substantial premium is being placed on alpha generation skills. Now, more than ever before, there is a great degree of interest in deconstructing and better understanding the drivers of hedge fund alpha. Investors and hedge fund managers have focused on the relevance of asset allocation, stock selection, portfolio construction and trading costs on alpha. -
The Blow-Up Artist: Reporting & Essays: the New
Annals of Finance: The Blow-Up Artist: Reporting & Essays: The New ... http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2007/10/15/071015fa_fact_cassid... ANNALS OF FINANCE THE BLOW-UP ARTIST Can Victor Niederhoffer survive another market crisis? by John Cassidy OCTOBER 15, 2007 n a wall Niederhoffer’s approach is eclectic. His funds, a friend says, appeal “to people like him: self-made people who have a maverick streak.” O opposite Victor Niederhoffer’s desk is a large painting of the Essex, a Nantucket whaling ship that sank in the South Pacific in 1820, after being attacked by a giant sperm whale, and that later served as the inspiration for “Moby-Dick.” The Essex’s captain, George Pollard, Jr., survived, and persuaded his financial backers to give him another ship, but he sailed it for little more than a year before it foundered on a coral reef. Pollard was ruined, and he ended his days as a night watchman. The painting, which Niederhoffer, a sixty-three-year-old hedge-fund manager, acquired after losing all his clients’ money—and a good deal of his own—in the Thai stock market crash of 1997, serves as an admonition against the incaution to which he, a notorious risktaker, is prone, and as a reminder of the precariousness of his success. Niederhoffer has been a professional investor for nearly three decades, during which he has made and lost several fortunes—typically by relying on methods that other traders consider reckless or unorthodox or both. In the nineteen-seventies, he wrote one of the first software programs to identify profitable trades. -
Prime Brokerage Survey SURVEY | PRIME BROKERAGE
Prime Brokerage Survey SURVEY | PRIME BROKERAGE is completed with clients’ of the hedge funds concerned most likely unaware and certainly unaffected. However, it is clear that in the current climate, some providers at least have found it hard to maintain a cool exterior. The last twelve months have seen a growing number of rumours and stories of major prime brokers asking large numbers of clients to leave at relatively short notice. Similarly pricing and availability of credit, the willingness to accept deposits and sudden imposition of drastic increases in minimum revenue/fee levels are talked about by competitors and clients like. The facts of individual stories may be subject to interpretation and distortion by competitors. However, the number and consistency of information, as well as a body of anecdotal evidence, point clearly to the notion that something out of the ordinary is taking place. A reassessment of relationships within individual prime Back to basics brokers and a reshuffling of clients among them are underway. Whether what has happened to date represents the New rules and regulations are forcing hedge funds and bulk of any adjustment that is needed or prime brokers to re-evaluate who they work with and why. is merely the precursor of more drastic changes still to come remains to be seen. In any event from a client perspective 014 was a solid year for hedge brokerage, deciding at each stage how there is no room for complacency, funds continuing the steady much capital to allocate and how each however big the firm. 2recovery from the financial crisis.