Filipino-English Vocabulary [Microform] : with Practical Example Of

Class ^9i2//

Presented by

H. H. BARTLETT COLLECTION / ON tHE PHILIPPINES NOl f"^^

FILIPINO-ENGLISH VOCABULARY WITH PRAUriCAL KX-\MPLESOF FILIPINO AND FNGI>I8H GRAMMAKS BY

EUSEBIO T. DaLUZ,

Graduate Teacher by the **Escaela Normal Superior de Maes- iros de Manila'/, Ex-Principal in .the Primary Public School? uii-der the Anu-ncan Sovereignty, Instructor in several Private Colleges, \Iember of the Association of the Tagalog Writers (SaMAHAN 'N.i MGA MAN ANAGALOG) and of the Uierary society 'ILAW

AT PANITIK". I{;x- President of the Committee for the Organization of th- Academy of the bMipino Language, and actual Secretary of this National Academy (aK^DKMYA NG WIKaNG PILIPINO) •

PART 1

Based on tlie Filipino Grain iiuir

FlKSr EDITION

MANILA, P. L 1915. COPYRIGHT

I.—"Ang akd^ng ito ay pag aaring tiinay ng kumathang si Wu sebio T. Daluz.

If. —Walftng sinoman'g makapagpapalinibao: ng walang kapa hintuliitan ng naturan'g kumathfi.

III.—Bawa't salin ay may tatak at tandftng lihim ng kumathA, at ipaUlagay na nakaw na dapat pag-usigin ang rngasalin'g dt nagtataglay ng nangasabing tatak at land&ng lihim.

IV.—Ang nagpalirnbag nitong Unang Bahagi ng Talatiniiigan ay si G Juan Martinez, at siya ang may-ari nR unang pagkalimbag.

^- yz/y' ^ ^^t1 CERTIFICATE OF APPROBATION

CBRTLPrCAMOS que este Vocabulario Pilipino-Ingles fue apro bado y adoptado oficialmente por la Academiade la Len^ua Filipiiia en sesioh ordiaaria celebrada el dia7 de Marzo de 1915. Y paraque coriste firniamos la presente en Manila, I. F., hoy veintidi s de Mayo del a no del Senor de mil novecientos quince.

SOFRONIO G. CALDERON. Presidente de la *'Akademya ng Wik^ng Filipino".

Rkfricndado:

PVUL L. STANGL, B. S , M. Ph ,

Secretario inter i no y Vice-Secre- tario de la ^Akademya ng Wik^nji; Filipino",

KATIBAYAN NG PAGS^G-AYON

PlNATOrOTOHANAN NAMIN na ang Taldtingigan'g iton^- Filipino- Inglea ay lubos na sinang-ayunan at itinadhanAng gamitin ng Akademya ng Wik^ng Pilipino nang magdaos ng karaniwijin^g pnlong noon^g ika 7 araw ng Marso ng 1915. At upang mapatibay ang katotohanan ay linagdfian namin ang kasulatan'g ltd sa Maynil^, K. Pilipinhan, ngay6n^g ika dalawang- pAH dalawa ng Mayo ng taon ng (d^nanakop, isdng libo siyam na gates at labinglima. t SOFRONIO G. CALDERON Pangulo ng Akademya ng Wikjing Pilipino.

PiNf AGTITIBAV : PAUL L. STANGL, B. S.. M. Ph., Kalihim SaIn^i^ntaIa at Pull- Kalihim ng Akademya ng Wik&ng Pilipino. PREFACE

rhis historic, constructional period, in which the national idea H seen to acquire definite form; when national boundaries are tending to become defined more and more along lines of ethnical cleavage and trntities group on race aliuity; when the consciousness of a world misr^ion becomes the logical fruit of widespread education, and e.ich racial unit lends to arrange itself upon its n?itural base, to develop more fully and take its proper place in the concert of world powers to bear its share of the burden and the heat of the day in bringing to a richer fruition the heritage of man; this is the time of creatir>g new factors of linguistic development. [n this epoch the natives of the Philippines, after being for over three centuries shut off by a worse than Chinese wall of exclusion of progrcs-*, tight bound by the swaddling clothes of religious and secular {prejudice, whereDy growth was hindered, have at last been freed of the trammels, and in less than two decades have taken enor- mous strides forward on the path of national greatness It is at such time^, when the trammels of dialects and other var- iants of speech are most strongly mnde manifest, and prove the test of true national fitness. A united Germany with its people speaking (iiverse dialects w is only solved by making one of them the standard and from the rest enriching it, making it the virile expression of national consciousness. The world has seen no strong nation adopt the language of another people; still lass that of a rnce alien in thought, feeling, speech and habit. Hence, however well meaning it may^ be to try to implant the English speech in these Islands as a common medium, it is so obviously a violation of all psychic and ethnic unities, that (*an never, in the opinion of the writer, be a lasting sucjcess. Hence a solution along those line-^ that centuries of experience has proven to be the only logical, because natural one, that of a de- veloped national lan«:nMj/e based on national stock audi material, en- riched iind perfected, but akin to the native spirit of rich and poor alike, is the only one thwt, in the end, will succeed. Whatever the place of English, no doubt important in the economic development of land and people, a national, mulasian language is bound to be the pr(>[)er vehicle of a united Filipino people Hence a book fi ie the present, which gives concrete form to this innate aspiration, and wliatever its presec^t impe^feccions, which detinitelv sliapes the raw mat(?rial along plausible, stable lines of development, is worth}' of af)plHUse, study and support. It can, only be recomendtd to the thoughtful stu

, This vocabulary is intended mostly to meet the demands of those who want to establish a common Filipino language, the aim and purpose of the **Ak.deniya ng Wik^ng Filipino ' (Academy of the Filipino Language). It contains words used in everyday life and is very practical. It is a mixture of the different Philippine dialects with the Tagalog as basis. Most of the words, of course, are Tagalog, but a large number also are taken from the Bisayan, ilokano, BiKol, Pampangan and other native dialects, all of which are Tagnlized. Most of the technical terms have been taken direct- ly from their primitive sources, Greek and Latin, the Filipinization of which and that of their derivatives have been made complete through the natural linguistic mechanism of Tagalog and Bisayan.

The work consists of two parts < Part 1, which is the present book, is an attempt to i^resent the essentials of Filipino Gran mar in such a form that without stating any grammatical definitions and rules it is practically a combina tion of vocabulary and grammar based upon the Tagalog language. As to this, all the p. nicies —suffixes, prefixes and interfixes—«re applied; and combined with the roots form a great number of noun-?

—abstract, collective and verbal— , various classes of adjectives, fre-^ quenmtives, verbs conjugated in the active and passive voices. Afier the alphabetical list of root-/erbs with their respective infinitive forms follow the adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions and interjec- tioas. In this work the copiousness and great impor ance of Lakan- Dulas tOhgue have been demonstrated in order that it may be the foundation of a national speech rich and vigorous. Part II also forms a separate book and is based on the English Grammar. It (*oniains a great deal of examples and excercises in which the grammatical rules of this language are practic^*lly involved. Both parts together arc dedicated to the students of the Filipino and English languages, and I firmly believe that in the making of this vocabulary, which was compiled during five years of philolo:;:ical studies of English at d the cultivated Philippine tongues, I have contributed somewhat to the national culture of my beloved native country. I desire to express my indebtedness to the ilustrious director of *'Ateneo Rizal^', the wise philologer and Filipinist Dr. Paul L.

Stanifl, B. S , M. Ph , for his valuable aid in the compilation of this book and for itnportant suggestions upon the suitable way of enriching th^ Filipino lexicon by adopting and Filipinizing the uni- ver-^al sciemific words takf^n from Greek. Likewise I express my cordial gratitude to the Academy of the FiUpino Language, wh ch has officially approved and adopted this brief v« cabiilary as the first work of its kind sanctioned by the authorily of tKat National Linguistic Association. THE AUTHOR. r^ A BRIEF VOCABUIiARY FILIPINO-ENGLISH

(?kl;iiklin.t>; TalaliiiA"i,U'nrii' Pilipiiio-Ingles.)

FIRST PART.—UNANG BAHAQI.

MQif bahfH/i ng Purts of the ha- Bisig. Arm. bisig. hiKKcdn v(/ man body. Mga Arms. tdO. Bituka. Gut, tripe, in- • testine. Apdo. Gall. Biyas ng bintl, Shinbone, arm. A lay. Liver. biyas ng bisig. bone. Baba. Cbin. Bitis, binti. Leg. Haga. Lung. Bubdng ng paa. Tarsus. Balat. Skin. Bukong-bukong Ankle. Balintataw. Kye-ball. Butit, kalam- Calf of the leg. Batok. Nape, cervix. nanng binti. Balikat. Shoulder. Buko ng daliri. Joint or knuckle Balakang. Hip. of the fingers. Mgabalakang. Hips. Bungo. Skull, cranium. Balagat. Clavicle, the Bumbunan. Top of the head. collar-bone. Buhok, balahibo .Hair. Baywang. Waist. Buto. Bone. Bagang. Grinder, molar Katawan. Body [of a man tooth. or animal.] Mjra bagang. Molars, or back Kalingkingan. Little finger. teeth. Kamao, galang- Wrist Bibig. Mouth. galangan. .

—2—

Kaniay. Ifand. mulan.

Mga kanuiy. Hands. r^iig. Neck Kilay. Eye-brow. Likod. Hack. Kilildli. Arinpit. Lit id. Tendon. Kisko. Nail. liulod. Shin, shinbone. Daliri. Finger. Mata. Eye. Mga daliri. Fingers. Mganiata. Eyes. Daliri ng-dato. Middle-finger. Muskulo. Muscle.

Dal i ring-sing- Ring-finger. Mukha. Face. si ngan. Noo. Fore-head. Daliri ng pa a. Toe. Paa. Foot. Mga daliri riji Toes. Mga paa. Feet. paa. Palad !ig kamay . Palm of the Dila. Tongne. hand. Dihdih, Breast, chest. 'Pantog. Bladder. Dngo. Blood. Pilikmata. Eye-lash. Gilagid. Gum. Pilipisan. Temple. Gulugod. Spine, ))aclc-' Pisngi. Cheek.

bone. Pitlungan, alak-- Ham. Gulunggulu- G^lsophagns, la- alakan. ngan. rynx, gullet. Pigi. Buttock; hip. Gutil, tilavv. Glottis, gorge. Puson, udyong. Abdomen. Ngalangala, Palate. Puso. Heart. Ngipiu. Tooth. Puwit, buldit. Backside. Mga ngipin. Teeth. Pusod. Navel. Hinlalaki. Thumb. Sakong. Heel. Hintuturo. F(rre-finger, in- Sikmura. Stomach. dex-finger. Singit. Groin. mtk. Thigh. Bihang, pan^a. Jaw-bone, man- Il(5ng. •Nose. dible. Labi. Lip. Siko. Elbow. Mga la hi. Lips. Snso. Teat. Laman. Flesh. Talampakan, Sole of the foot. Lam ad. Membrane. Takday. Fore-arm.

Lawas. Body [of man, Tadyang. Pvib. animal, or of Mga tadyang. Ribs. anything. | Tag] li ran. Side. Lalamunan, ak- Throat. TainRa. Ear......

-8—

Mga t'iinga. Ears. Katalubataan. Youth. Tiyim. B<'lly, abdoDien; Kilit. Pore. womb. Mga kilit. Pores. Tuhod. Kneo. Dalaga, Young lady; vir- Mga tuliod. Knees. gin. IIlo. Head. Diwa. Spirit. Ugat. Vein. Duna. Being. I Utak (sabuto.) Marrow. Dunang tao. Human being. I Gumi, balbas. Beard. I Utak [sa ulo. | Brain. Inunan. Placenta Iskeleto, kalan- Skeleton. .say. I.agyd. Person. ha- OtJier thhigs be- Mga ihdfiff Lalaki. Man. gay na ukol longing to Mga lalaki. Men. sa tao, man. Matanda, lakay, Old man, old

- person. rang. Individual. /* A Misay, bigote. Mustache, Babai Woman. Pangalan, nga- Name. Mga babai. Women. lan. Bata. Boy, girl. Pitilya. Whisker. Bating lalaki, Boy. Sanggol Baby. bira. Mga sanggol. Babies. Batang babai, Girl. Sinapupunan. Lap. ining. Tao. Man, .person. Bata, sanggol. Child. Takibata, ka Young. Mga bata, mga Chihh-en. sibulan. sanggol Ulila, Orphan. Bahay-batt\. Matrix, womb. Ulay, birgen. Virgin. Bato. Kidney. Utad, litid, Nerve. Bagongtao, bi- Young man. Walang asawa. Single, bachelor, nat&.. unmarried. Binabai. Hermaphrodite. Walang ban a. Singk, maid, Buy on, bah ay- Paimch. unmarried. kanin. Kabinataan, ka- Young men, Asawa. Wife.

bagongtaulian , youth. Bana. Husband. Kadalagahan. Young ladies. Mga asawa. Wives. Kiilulwa. Soul. May asawa. Married (man) . . . ..

— 1-

May bana. Married (wonmn) Badya. Verb.

Babaing balo. Widow. Biihirili, gara- (J ram mar. Lalaking balo. Widower. mahan. Balarilaaniii, Gr^jnimanarK manggaga- III. rama, gara- nianhiu. Mga bagai/'ba- School thing.:i, efr. liantas. Comma, gay sa iskii- ' Hilang. Number. welahdn , Buklatin, ak- Copy-book, ath. lat-saliiian. Akda, gawa. Work. Kuwadro, mar- Picture-frame, Aklat. Book. ko. Alisong, Preposition Kaha, kahon, Box, chest, Alagad, ina- Pupil, disciple. kaban.

aralan, ti- Kuwarto, silid. Room. nuturuan. Kaalaman, Knowledge. Ariso. InterjeGtion. alam.

Arithmisan. Arithmetic. Kapanutuhan , Education Arithmisnin. Arithmetician. pinagkatutu- Arithmison. Arithmetical. han, katutu- Antas. Grade; degree. han. AgrikuUor. Agriculturist. Kolegiyo. College. Agrikulturan, Agriculture, Kasanlingan. Morality. pagsasaka. farmi ng Klase. Class.

Bangko. Bench. . Kasalaysayan. Explanation. Banhay. Rough drawing. Katha. Composition. Bayhon. Page. Klasetig maba- Junior class. Banigngpapel, Sheet of paper. ba. banig napapel. Klaseng mataas. Senior class. Band»!^, wata- Flag. KudHt. Virgidilla (Sp,) wat. Kuwit. Apostrophe (0« Balanan. Basket. Karummgan, Science. Bakol. A square basket. dunong. h Bilao. A round basket. Kasiningan, si- Arts, art. Buslo. A small egg-bas- ning. ket. Kintang. Music.

Bigkas. Pronunciation Katinig. Consonan t ...... ;

Day las. Article. ligsahan. Diaipliiia. Discipline. Logikahan. Logic. Dibuho. Drawing. Liham. Letter.

Dalawang tul- Colon ( :). Logikanhin, Logician; logical-

dok. Lampibadya, Adverb. ' (ieometra. Geometer, geo- Lista, listahan. List, metrician. Malak. Idea. (recJm^trahan. Geometry. Mathesisan. Mathematics. Gambi, Quotation C' ''). Mathesisnin. Mathematician. Guhit. Stroke, dash, line. Matheaison. Mathematical. Gamlang I nd ustry Nama. Noun. GecSgrapo Geographe r Oras. Hour. Geograpuhan. Geography. Orasan, relos. Clock; watch. Guro, tagapag- Master; teacher. Paimlat. Pen. turo. Fânitikan. Literature. Hatak, pagha- Physical exercise. Panagano. Clause. hatak Pangungûsap. Sentence. Hipno. Translation. ^ Subject, topic; Halipnama l^rououn Payaui written exer. Historya. History. cise. Istituto, Institute. Panuto. Rule, ruler. Istitusyon. Institution. Pupitre, hapag. Desk. Isip, pag-iisip. Thought, mind. Pisara. Slate. Lapis. Pencil. Pisarang-dalig, Blackboard, Lamesa, mesa, Table. pisarang ma- dulang. lakf. Papel Latok. A low table. Paper Larawan, ku- Picture. Palatuntunan. Program. Paaralan, isku- SchooL wadro. ^ wêlahan Lisyon. Lesson. Pakikipagk^pwa Urbanity; Limbit, walang Blank. politeness. sulat. Pag-aaral. Study, studying. Latib. Hyphen (..,.). Pagsasaysay . Recitation Langilangi, Parenthesis ,....). Pag-aanduk&, Education, bangkulong. pagtuturd. Lakmay Paragraph Pagtuturd. Instruction Lubit, diin* Accent. teaching. Tâbanan, pa- Contest. Pangarunangan, University. . )

-G-

Pr^gbasa. Reading. Punto n.i>gilalas. Point of excla-

). Pagbasaiig la- CiirrcMit reading. mation ( ! lusan Paghuhuway, Re(*ess. Pagsiilat. Writing. huway, Pagsasanay. Exercise. Rhetoranan. Rhetori<^ Pagbabaybay, Spelling. Rhetoranin. Rhetorician. bay bay in. Rhetoranon. Rhetorical. Pilosopc), pbilo- Philosopher. Sunding. Stick. sopo. Sagot. Answer. Pilosopohan, Philosophy. Sal in,, nlid, t;opy. philosopohAn. Sal aysay. Statement.

Pilosophanin, Salitii. Word. philoBopha- Philosophic, phi- Sao. Dialect, nin, philo- losophieal. Sulti. \ Term. sophanon. SiClitaan. Conversation. Paglilimi. Discussion. Salapong. Conjunction. Pagtatalo. Debate. Sugno. Adjective. Pakpa. Object. Tinta, dinsol. Ink. Paaralan'g pa- Primary School. Tintahan, din- Inkstand. nguna. sulan. Paaralan'g pa- Secondary School. Tisa. Chalk. ngalawa. Tabla, dalig. Board. Small stick. Paaralan'g pa- Intermediate Tiklat. Question, inter- magitnii. School. Tanong. rogation. Paaral&n'g ma- High School. Turing, pagtu- Expression. taas. turing. Paaralan'g ba- Public School. Talaan. Register. yan. Tatangnan. Handle. Paaralan'g bu- Private School. Tagdan. Penholder. kod. J Talakay. Phrase. Pangtinig. Vowel. Talata. Line; versicle. Pan tig- Syllable. Taludtod. Ge^ometrical line* Parayon. Prose. Tuldok. Period (.). Panilos. Penknife. Tuldok at })an- Semicolon (; Punto. Point. tas. Punto ng ta- Point of interro- Tikmo. Subject, matter. nong, gation (?). Tildik. Dot (.). . .

Titik. Letter. Buwal, tilling- Clod. Talumpatl, pa- Speech. kal.

nanalita. Bakas ngyapak. Fo^)tst,ep, tr^ack. Tayiitay, tula. Verse. Bulalakaw. Kindled exhala- Tula, panunuhi Poetry. tion in sky. Tingig, salitA, Term, word, dic- Buwis ng hipa. Land tax. amano. tiou. Bola, Ball. Tiriig. Voice. Bigkis. Fagot. Tagsa. Stanza. Butas. Hole. Upftau, uupaii. Seat. Binditahan. Holy- water pot. Wika. Language. Biuik, litak. Crack, crevice, TalaamanAiin. Dictionary. chink. Talatingigari. Vocabulary. Bukal n;4 tubig. Spring. Barongbarong, Hut, cottage. dampa. IV. Bantayan. Watch-tower. Buhangin. Sand. Mga ibdvg 6a- Other th'mgs thai Baybay-dagat. Sea-shore, sea- gay na karani- are common in coast. wan sa pa g "1111- speakivg or con- Bilangguan. Prison. sap og sdlitaan. versation. Bangkay. Corpse.

Amag. Moss, mould. Bukid, bukiran . Field, farm. Asoge. Quicksilver. Bakuran. Pale. Apog. Ijime. Biyas ng kawa- Part of a cane Anipunan. Asylum. yan. from knot to Agtas. Path, route. knot; joint. Akdas. Practice. Kalawang. Riist. Agham Theory. Kiling (ng ha- Mane. BftkuL Iron. yop) Bakod. Fence. Kunot, kubot. Plait. Bal()n. Well. Katalahiban. Land overgrown

Buko. Node. . with high wild Buhol. Knot. grass; land Balahibo ng WooL full of reed- tupa. grass. Batong-tagisan Whetstone; Kotse ng tram- Tram-car. Batobalani. fjoadstone. biya. Bulo. Down, soft hair. Kabaong. Coffin...... —s-

Kalahati. Half. MiUil, Metal. Kawad Wir<^ Niyugan. Cocoanut grove. ^ -r-v * < < ijt'fiT% J Nasasakupan. Jurisdiction. Doongan, dau-T |Port. Panarato, pa- Principal, ngan. n|uluhin. Dakot. Handful. Pastulan, sab- Lawn; field; Dalundong. Tent, saban. meadow. Daan. Road, street. Parang. Meadow. Daan'g-bakal. Railroad, Parangpara- LaAvn. ngan. Dalan High-road. Pagkakakur<)s Cross-way, cro.^- Dalaiig. Rare; rarity. ng d.aan. road Garing. Ivory. Patalim. Steel. Gintd, Gold. Pilak. Silver, Gatla. Hack. Pamuti, pala- Decoration, or- Hardin, hala- (iarden. muti, ga3aK nament, manan. adorning. Detachment; Himpilan. Pinagkikilan. Filing, limature. station Putikan. Muddy place. Filament, or HimulmoL Panarok. Sounding. of cloth. .thread Panungkit. Hook, ng Stable, stalls for Hapunan Paglihis, pag- Deviation. hayop. animals. sinsay. Hukay ng libi- Grave. Panggatong. Firewood. ngan. Parang; lara- Country; field. Ilalim; ibabd. Bottom. ngan Ibabaw; itaas. Top. Puwang. Space. Latak. Scum, lee. Pangwisik. Water-sprinkler.

Liwasan. Plaza ^ square. Pilapil. Bank or mound Landigan. Wharf. of earth Libag, tibatib. Grime, dirth, Patak, tulo. Drop. tilth. Padaluyan, Channel, ditch. Lungg&,yungig. Cave, prot. bangbang. of river. Lamuymoy, hi - Fiber, filament. Pangpang. Bank a vinaymay. Riles. Rail, La'bang&n, Crib, manger. Sanyawa, asu- Sulphur, Lansangan. Street, road. pre. Lagwerta. Orchard, fruit- Sapot. Shroud. garden. Supot. Bag, sack, wal- Midalya. Medal. let. Mina. Mine. Sapal. (>)arse remains. I .

-{)—

a. R()nlir(\. Anggan. Bar. S ingay. Horn, Alon, daluyong. W|ave.

apin, panapfn, Lining. , Agos, mgaago.^. Current, cur- sus()n. rents. ^ilo. Trap, snare. AlipnjH). Fluid. il\'a [sa i)ag- Saddle, Alapaap. Cloud.

sakay. Ambon. Drizzle. . |Subyang, tinfk. Prickle. Apoy. Fire. Tambak, lahon. Terra<*e. Arsemil. Arsenal. Tali papa, ti- Market. Balangaw. Rainbow. yangui. Ban hi wag. Temperate. Tawas. Ahini. BuhaAvi. Hurricane. Tingga. Lead. Bagyo. Typhoon. Tan so. ('opper. Bnsilak. Snow,

Tinggapnti. , Tin. Barometro. Barometer. Tata g ruin. Hiding-place, Batis. Fountain. concealment. Bukal, balong. Spring Tahol, Barking. Bat(). Stone, rock. Tinik. Thorn. Baton g tunaw. Melted rock. Taeng-bakal. Dross, slags. Bangkutti. Reef. TuUy. Bridge. Bundok. Mountain. Trainbiya, ka- Car, el(M*tric car Burol, tugatog. Hill. rong dagital) Balkan Volcano. nin. Bay bay, dalam- Coast, shore. Tranibiya. Tramway. pasigan.

Tren. Train. Bahaging ti- Solid part. Illbo. Hog-sty. gambay. Urang» tnlos. Stake. Bahaging da- Liquid part. IJling. (Vml. nom.

Uling ngkahoy . CharcoaL Bantilan. Shipyard. Yelo. Ice; frost. Kalawakan'g- Continent. dalat. V. Kapukuin, Islands, archi- I , sangkapuluan pelago. iMga ><(ftifAi .sa Physicdl (Uogra- Kaparangan. MeadoAv. (re6gr

Kulog. Thunder. Hang, Desert; wilder-

Kahalumigmi- Humidity, / ness. gan, dimik. moisture. Ipoipo, uliuli. Whirl, whirl- Kahignawan, Serenity. wind. linaw, aliwa - Hat. Rill. las. Hog. River, stream. Kaugalian^g Middling wind. Lup.\, Pangli- Earth, yunto. butan. Karagatan. Ocean. Lawak, lagay- Extension. Kahuj^an. Grove. lay. Kapatagan. Plain. Lambak, libis Valley. Dagat. Sea. Liigdalat. Isthmus. Dalisdis. Slope, declivity. Li bis. Glen.

Dalampasigan. Beach, strand. Laki ang tubig . High-water, Dalat, dalatan Look. > Land. Bay. lupain. Lungos. Greek.

Dagatan. Gulf. ^ Lati. Swamp. Danaw, lawlt. Lnke. Lindol. Earthquake.

Delta. Delta. Lika? na along - Natural evapo- Di-organuhon, Inorganical. w^ag, tam- ration. Dagitab. Electricity. poog. Daginding ng Thunder-clap. Li way way. DaAvn. kulog. Lintik. Thunder-bolt. Gabon, lupk. Ground. Lusungin. Down-hill. Globe. Globe. Mina. Mine. Gulod. Mountain-chain. Minahan. Mineral deposit. Gubat. Forest. Malapulo. Peninsula.

Gasis. Gas. Matabdnglup^. Fertile soil. Grado, antas. Degree. Mineral. Mineral. Hamog. Dew. MC\'i njityoro. Meteors.

Hangin. Air. Main it. Hot, warm. Hidrogeno. Hydrogen. M/ia munson. Monsoons.

Hitiipapawid. Cloud of the sky. Mala mi g. Cool. Hul6. Source. Mayuming Soft wind. Impapayaw. Atmosphere. yunto. Init. Heat. Mahikas na Strong wind. Hog na pasukan. Inlet. yunto. Hog nalabasan. Outlet. Maraganas na Impetuous wind -11—

yiinto; mara- Temperatnra. Temperature.

-| ganas na sig- Tubig na ta- Fresh water. po; mabug- bling. I

-| song hanyin. Tubig na alat. Salt water. |Nitrogeno. Nitrogen. Taog, paglakrt Tide, surf. lOasis. Oasis {pL oases)» pagkati.

lOksigeno. Oxigen. Taog )ia palald, fOrgano. Organ. tubig na pa- Flood- tide. jOrganuhon. Organical. laki. fPatag. Level. Taog na pakati, Ebb-tide. Pul6. Island. tubig na pa- Puiitod. Sand -bank. kati. Pagkilos, pag- Movement. Talon ng tubig. Cascade, water- galaw. fall. iPaagusan, paa- Channel, drain. Termometro. Thermometer. nuran. Taluk tok, ta- Summit, -peak, Paraluman. Sea-compas3. gaytay. top. [briijula] Tugos. Electrical cur- fPenomeno, phe- Phenomenon. rent. nomeno. Usok, Smoke, steam |Mga pheno- Phenomenm, vapor. ineno. Ulap. Fog. iSalitre,. Saltpetre. Ulan. Rain. ISulip. Soil. Ulan ng bubog. Hail. Salog, lungaw, Pond, marsh, WawSt. Mouth of the sanaw. pool, fen. river. iSalungaliin, Up-hill. Yunto, sigpo. Wind. Sap2i. Salt marsh. Siiguran, sad- Harbor. saran, VL iSaluysoy. Brook. Simoy. Breeze. Mga salita sa Astronomical Sigwa. Storm. Gedgrapuhdn'g Geography terms,

|Tubig, Water. astronomhanin . JTaiigwa, Cape. Adlaw. Sun. fTangway, ta- Point. )._ ^^y- ' ngos. Araw. , I Senang ySilh, Phoebus (tw |Tagudtod ng Ridge of moun- Araw, poetry) . mga buudok. tains. {sa panunvla) . . .

-12-

Annlian. East. Kabilugan ng Full Uioon. Araw at gahi. Day and night. bulan. Agwat. Distance. Diyametro. Dianiet(^r. Arawastronom Astronomical Disko. Disk. hanin. day. Epakta. Epact. Araw lupgsnra- Civil day, Ekinoksiyo. Equinox. nin. Eklipsisan. Ecliptic. Araw na ham bo, Natural day Ekwador. Equator. araw na lika.^. lialagan Space. Apogeo. Apogee. Hilihid, hilihi- Sphere. Arko [ng bag- Arc. ran. way.l Ha ti hilihid og Hemisplh're. Alirong. ('ircumfcrence. hatihilihirun. Banawen. Era. Hating-gabi. ^'idnight. Bagw.iiy. Circle. Habagat. West. Bulan. Moon. Buwan. Month. Hilag^ og hi- North. Buwan, banilong Moon lagaan.

Hilagang-silu- Northeast. I [sa panimitla | . [in j^ocfry] Barikod, sum- Comet. iigan bol. Ilapon. Afternoon, eve' Balaklaot, og ning. hilagiing- Northwest. Hupiter. Jupiter. \ kanhiran. Ikapat sa pag- 1 Benns. Venus. laki, pala- C'rescent moon. I Bolumen. Volume. king bulan. Balabalaki ng Different pliascH Ikapat sa pag- any6 ng bu- of the moon. liit, paliit na Decrease of tlief lan. bulan. moon, decres Bagong bulan. New moon. cent moon. Buntala. Planet. Lupa. Earth. Kaki-lan^it. Horizon. - Langit. Sky, heaven. Kalunurun og Occident, west. Laho, pagla- Eclipse. kanluran. laho. Kinsi ng Lupk. The Axis of the |I Earth. Lahong ganap. Total (^clipse. Ij

Lahong pang- Partial eclipse, fc Kalendahan . Kalendar. kat. Karaniwan'g Civil year, com- I ta(5n. mon year. Liwanag. Light, clearness.!!^ .

— 1;>

tavviinag ng Sun-sliine, sangsinukob, The world,

\ adlaw. sangsinukuban. fiivvanag ng Moon sliino. Satelite. Satellite. biilan. Surgang-langit. Firmament. Vljirte. Mars. Sanghilihid, The whole sphere. Vlerkuryo. Merciuy. sanghilihiran. Maduling-araw Dawn. Silangan, sila- Ori(*nt, east. IVIaghapon. All the day. nganan. Magdaniag. All the night. Saba las, og hi- Northeast.

Misik, og titr Soutli-east. lag[\ng-sila- niog-silangaii ng'an.

Miridyaiio. Meridian. Salatan , og ti- Southwest Musi in, mga Season, seasons. mog-kanluran. musim. Silim, takipsi- Evening. Miiiuto. Arinnte. lim. prbitti, og ang Orbit, or the Sona,.mgasona. Zone, zones. daan ng isang path of a pla- Sonang niainit. I Torrid zone, hot t)Uiitala/ net. zone. Oras. Hour. Sonang mala- Frigid zone, eold Pagpihit ng Turning of the mig. zone. Lupil. E a rill. Sonang l)an- Temperate zone. Pagkilossa pag- Movement of In wag. pihit. rotation. Segundo. Second. Pagkilos sa pag- Movement of Saturno. Saturn.

translation. . Siklo. Cycle. Perigeo. Perigeum, peri- Sinag ng adlaw. The sun's rays; gee. sunbeam. Pagsikat ng Sun-rise. Soltisyo. Solstice.

1 adlaw. Signo ng sod- Sign of the i [Pagliib()g ng Sunset. yako. zodiac. adlaw. Takna. -Period, space of I fPolo, mga polo. Pole, the p des. time. JRadyo. Radius. Taon. Year. Panahon. Time; weather. Tuwig. Epoch or epocha Petsa. Date. Tag-ulan. Wet season. angdaii>dig, Universe. Tag-adlaw^ Dry season. sangdaigdigan. Tag lawag. Spring. ISanglibutan, Tagbisi. Summer, . . : .. .

14—

Tng-ulan. Autumn. Agosto (81 a- August.

Tiig-ginaw. Winter, * raw). THludtod, Line. Septiyembre (30 September. Taon'g lungsu- Civil year, aruw). • ranin. Oktubre (31 October. Taon'g bisyesto. Leap-year. araw) Tropiko. Tropic. Nobyembre (80 November. Tnnghali. Noon. araw). Timog og timu- South. Disyembre (31 December. gan. araw) Ta\h: lahat ng Heavenly body lawas na ma- luminous body luningning sa of the heavens, VII. langit, gaya such as the sun, Mga salitang Political and re- ng adlaw, bu- moon and stars. iikol sa panel' ligious terms j etc. lan at mgabi- lungsuran at pa- tuin. lasambahaUy atb.

Umaga. Morning. Asya. Asia. Sanglinggo, se- Week, Aprika. Africa. mana (7 araw). Amerikd. America. Linggo. Sunday. Asyanhin. Asian, Asiatic. Lunes. Monday. Aprikano, apri- African. Martes. Tuesday. kanhin. Miyerkoles. Wednesday, Ameri kano, American Huwebes. Thursday. amerikanhin. Biyernes. Friday. Arabya, Ara- Arabia. Sabado. Saturday. binhan. Arabe, arab- Arabian, Arabic, Enero (31 araw). January, yanh'n. Pebrero (28 og February. Alemunya, Ale- Germany. 29 na araw) manan. Marso (31 araw^. March, Aleman, ale- German. Abril (30 araw). April. manyanhin. Mayo (31 araw). May. Aristokrata, Aristocrat. Hunyo (30 a- June. mahadliki. raw) Aristokratahan. Aristocracy.

Ilulyo (31 araw) . July. Aristokratan- Aristocratical, .

—15—

1 hm, aristo- aristocratic. .Katipun?3n. Association.

1 kratahon. Kapisanan. Society, corp

1 AliYiirante. Admiral. ration.

1 Arsobispo. Archbishop. Kaulnungan. Society.

1 Angel, Angel. Kagimungan. Congregation.

1 Agtunil. Chief. KaLiguman. Solidarity. Aiiarkahan. Kalamaan. I Anarchy. Community. BathaU, Diyos. Kalipunan. Confederation, j God. Kadam Senate. 1 Bansa. Nation. Kadamnin. Senator. 1 Bnyan. People.

1 Bayan. Public. Komisyon. Commission.

Banwa. Country. Komisyunanin , Commissioner, Balen. Municipality. komisyunon. BnliDon. Municipal. Kauawad, gala - Member. LBansannin, ban- National. wad. snon, pana- Konseho, sang- Council. bansa. 'gunian. \

1 Bayanon. Popular. Kasang^uni, Councilor. Banwahnnin og Countryman. konsehunhin, konsehunon. 1 banwanhin.

Bihnsa, linur.g-• Civilized. Kalagayan'g Ecclesiastical sndnin. pari. state. Balawis. Barbarian. Kalagayan'g iNoble state. mahadlikd. Bangyan, ta- Savage, ' wild ong-gubat, ta- people. Kalagayah'g ti- Plebeian state. ong-damo. maw^, Banyaga, dayo, Foreigner, stran- Klaseng mag- Productive class dayuMn. ger; exotic, aani, iiring foreign. manggagama. BisayJi. Bisayan. Klaseng mang- Industrial class Balaod. Proclamation. gagamlang. Batas. Law. Klaseng manga- Commercial Batasan. Legislature. ngalakal, class. Ang kariinn- The science of uringmangba- ngan pa pa- government. baligyd- mahaUan. Klaseng magpa- Laboring class. Kaharidn. Kingdom. paupa, uring Kapulungan. Assembly. manggagaw^. -16—

Klaseng nan

Kalangharad- Sovereignty, or nisJi ])eople. \

yaan, og ka- 6uprem<^ au- Kapilijiinuhan. The Filipino nJij taastaasan'g ka- thorily. tion, the Fij pangyarihan. lipino i)eople| Kasarinl in, Iiidependenc<^ Katiigalugaii. The Tagalog | pagsasarilf. independency, people. I Kapnlungan'g Kainsikan, The Chinese na Bayan, og Popular Assem- tion. Dalam Baya- bly. Kamalayuhan. The Malay non. people. Kapidi*ngan()n, Kaindiyuhan^. The Indians, |

og galawad- Assemblyman. N I Hindoos, orl kapulungan. natives of In| Kinatawiin, ta- Delegate, re- dia. I gap mayo, ta- presentative. Kawal. Militar, miUtary| gapanindigan. Kataustaasan'g Supreme Chief. | Kandidato. Candidate. Puno......

—17-

Kabo.' Corporal. Diyakono. Deacon Komandante, Commander. Diyakonisa. Deaconess. komand/inhin. Demokrata. Democrat Koron^L Colonel. Demokratahan. Democracy. Klero, Clergy. Demokratanhin, Democratical, Kleruhanfn, Clergyman.. demokratahon. democratic. klerigo. Divvatk. Deity. Katidral. Cathedral. Diyusnin, bat- Godlike,; div- Kardenal. Cardinal. halkin.. ine. Kapamayanan. Citizenship. Diyosbini Goddess KapamansAan, Nationality. Emperador. Emperor.

kapanaban- K mpera bin! . Empress saan, kabans^- Europa. Europe.

unan. Eu ropanhi n . European Kolono. Colonist. Gusang. Tribe, KoJonoh^n Colony. General. General.

Kalagayan^g Economical si- Gobernador. Governor. agimad, ka~ tuatiori, eco- Gimong. Congress.

lagayan ng nomical con- Gi munga nin , Congressman pananalapt. dition. manggigi- Katutub6ng ya- Natural re- mong. man ng lup^. if?oiirces. Giryego. Greek. Kap itagaa'g da- Grassy plain. Gresya. Greece. muhin. Heswita, hesus- Jesuit. Kalap. Lumber. nin, Katad; balat. Leather; fur, Hari. King. Konsul. Consul. Haribini. Queen. Konsuhian. Consulate. Haring Tibobos. Absolute King. Danay. Region. Haring Kinata- Representative Dalam. House; chamber. wan. King. Dalaui ng ba- Chamber of Haring Itinatag. Constitutional ligya. commerce. King. Dalam na Ma- Upper House. Hiikuman, huk- Court. taas. manan, hu- Dalam na Ma* Lower House. kumnan, babk. Hukom balinon Municipal Judge. Dami ng nanga Population. Huk6m pama- Justice of the mamayan. yapJt. Peace. .

-18—

Hiikumaa'g ba- Municipal Court, Ispanya. Spain. linon. Italy a. Italy. Hukom Judge. Italy ano, ital- Italian. Hiikuman'g Court of the yanhin. Unang Lak First Instance. Italyahon. Italic. bang. lloko, ilokano. Ilokano. .

Himunsaan. ^ State. Insik. Chinese. Hukbo, huk- Army. Insiknan. The land of the bong-kati. Chinese peo- Hukbong-dagat. Navy, ple; China,

Hukbong-lakad. Foot-soldiers Lahing putf . White race. Hukbong-kaba- Horse-troops. Lahing mirilaw. Yellow race. yuhan "^ Lahing kayu- Brown race. Hukbong-ka.n- Artillery, manggi. yon, artilye- «.^ Lahing itim. Black race. ruhan. Lalawigan. Province. Hudyo, hudya. Jew, Jewish. Lalawiganon. Provincial. Hapon, Japan. Langharadyd. Sovereign. Hapon, hapu« Japanese. LupMn. Land. non, hapuna- Lungsod. City. nin. Lungsuron. Civic. Hapon'g babai, A Japanese wo- Lungsurunan. Civics. babaing ha- man. Lungsuranfn, CiviL pon. lungsudnin. Hapon'g binibi- A Japanese lady, Linungsudnin. Civilized. ni, binibining Lupon'g Lala- Provincial hapon. wigan, Hun. Board. Hi. Town. tang Lalawi- Ingatgameng. Treasurer. ganon, Sang- Inginyero. Engineer. gunian'g Lala- Inginyeruhan. Enginery; en- wigan. gineering. Lupon'g Bali- Municipal Imperyo. Empire. non, Sani^gu- Council, Imperyuhon. Imperial. niiin^g Baldn. Imperyunhin, Imperialist. Lupon^g III, Town-Hall, makaimperyo. Sangguniari'g Town-House Ingles. English. Hi. Inglisnaa. England. Lupon'g Lung- City-Hall. —19

sod, Siinggu- ^ulisan. Police. ' nian'g Lung- Politika. Policy; politics.

- sod. Panalungsod; Political ; poli-

Latin. Latin. panalungsuran. ) tics. Latino. Latin. Politikanhin, Politician. Mehiko. Mexico. mananalung- Mehikano. Mexican. sod. Malayo. Malay; mala- Purok. District. yan. Pook, lugal. Place, locality. Mamamayan. Citizen. Pookbayan, ill. Locality, town. Metropoli. Metropolis. Protestanhin. Protestant. Metropolinhin, Metropolitan. P res bite ryano. Presbyterian. metropolihon Papa. Pope. Monarka, hari. Monarcb, king. Papanhan. Popedom, Papa- Monarkah:in. Moiuirchy. cy. Papahon, pa- Papal. Monarkanhin, Monarchist. napapa. Marina, Navy, marine. Papanhin. Popish. Marinanhin, Mariner. Palakriston- Christianism, or marinahon. hinan, og Pa- Christian Re- Makind. Machine. lasambahan'g ligion. Makinanhin. Machinist, me Kristiyano. chanician. Palakatholni- Catholicism, or Makinahan. Machinery, nan, og Pala- Catholic Reli- Makinahon. Machinal. sambahan'g gion. Mikanihiin. Mechanics. Katholanin. Mikaninhin. Mechanician. Palasambaha- Religious, piouo. non. Mikanihon. Mechanical. Monghe. Monk. Pari. Priest. panapari. Belonging to Mongba. Nun. Parion, priests. Metodonhin. Methodist. Pastor. Pastor, a clergy- Nayon. Suburb, barrio man. (Sp.). Pasturon, pana- Pastoral. Oseanya. Oceania. pastor. Obispo. Bishop. Pastol. Shepherd. Obispuhon. Episcopal, Pastol na babai, Shepherdess. bishoply. pastora. Obispunhan. Bishopric. Presbitero. Presbyter. Palis. Policeman. Patriarka. Patriach. .

—20-

Prayle. Friar. ngulong-Pook- Priiisipe. Prince. bnyan. Prinsibini. Princess. Paiigulo. President. Piino. Chief, superior. Puli-Pani^ulo. Vice-President, inund. Officer. Puli-Kalihim. Vice-Secretary. ]Pinun6ng ba- Official. Panguluhan. Presidency. yan, basal. Pangasiw^an. Administration. Panalayi. Belonging to Purok-hiiku- Judicial district. freedom. man.

PauaaalayJi. The love of li- Pranses. French.

berty ; the en- Pransisna n, France,

joying of li- Pninsiya. berty. Portuges. Portuguese.

Painahalftan. Government. Portugisna n , Portugal PdmahalHan'g Philippine Go- Portugal. Pilipino. vernment. Taong nanana- Inhabitant. Pamahaia.an'g Popular Go- hanan. Bayiin, og Pa vernment. Pags.isaka, agri- Farming. mahaRan'g Ba- kidturan. yanon. Paghahalaman, Horticulture. Pamahal^an'g Free and in- hortikulturan. sarilinhia at dependent Paggagamlang. Industry. malayi. government. Pagbabaligyfi, Trade, com- Pilipinhan. The country of pangangalakal, merce. the Filipinos; pamamaligyA. the Philip^ Paghahanapbu- Trade, pines. h«y. pagga- Pilipinhin. Philippine. gamay, Pun6ng-Pang- Governor- Pangatungku- Civil Service, kalahatan, General. lan^g Lungsu- Agtural^Pana ranin, og Pa- lahdt. galingkuran'g iPunong-Lalawi- Provincial Go- Lungsuranin. gaiion, Agtu- vernor. PangungasiwJt Public Adminia- fal-Lalttwiga- sa Bayan, Pa- tration. non. ngasiwMn'g Pangulong Ba- Municipal Pre- Bay an, linon, Pa- sident, Pulangan. Fleet. . .

—21-

Pagpopook, ka- Location, Samahan (Company > pookan, society. Paglalabas ng Export, export- Simbahan, igles- Church. kalakal. ation. ya.

Pagpapasok ng Import, import- Simbahanon, « Belonging to kalakal. ation. Eklesyahon, church; ec- Pagdudurang, Mining. Eklesyanhin clesiastical, pagmimina. ecclesiastic. Pagkikimot. Manufacturing. Simbahan'g Catholic Pangangalap. Luujbering. Katholanin. Church. Paghahayupan. Herding. Simbahan'g Or Greek Orthodox Pangaugakad, Hunting. todoksoiig Church. pangangaso. Giryego. Pagkakalagoin, Consolidation. Simbahan'g Sis- Sqhismatic paglalagom. manhin^g Gir- Greek Church: Pagkakalagom- National Conso- yego. patiabansS.. lidation. Simbahan^gKat- Philippine Ca- Pagkakaisang National union. holanin sa Pi- tholic Church. bansdon. lipinhan. Religiyon. Religion. Simbahan^g Pili- Independent Fi- Religiyuuon. Religious. pinong Sari- lipino Church. Religiyon ni Christian Reli- liuhin; Simba- Kristo, Reli- gion. han'gTagalog. giyon^gKristo Simbahan'g Protestant

. Church hanfn. Protestanhin Sultan. Sultan. Religiyon 'g Ma- Mohammedan Sultangbinl, Sultana, sulta* hometanin. Religion. sultana. ness. Religiyon ^g Pa- Paganism. Sundalo. Soldier. gano, Palapa- Sergeant. ganuhan. Sargento. Tenycnte. Lieutenant. Republika. Republic. The chief of the Republikano, Republican. Tininti. barrio. Republikan- Native-country, hin, Tinubdan'g-lu- father-land. Radyfi., raha. Rajah, king. pk, inangba- Ruso, Rusyan- Russian. yan, tinubdan'g- bin. banwa, pinag-

Rusunban, Rus Russia. amahin . ya. Tinipon^g Hi- United States of —22—

mansSan ng America. mga hiyas^ jewels, etc. Amerika. atb. Tagalog. (Alin- The Indo-Mala Alampay. A shoulder ker- sunod sa yan people of chief. atin'g ala- the Philip- Agnos. Reliquary. mat, na pinag- pines, accord- Aspile Pin. tibay ng K. K. ing to Ta- Baro. Shirt, caviisa K., tayong galog tradi- (Sp.), clothes. lahing kayu- tion. It is be- Barong babai. Chemise. manggi sa Pi- lieved by the Barong tagalog. Native clothes, lipinhan ay Tagalgos that Filipino mga Tagalog all the Filipi- clothes. na lahat, ala- nos are Taga- Birang, pany6. Kerchief. aong ay ta- log. {Taga- BalabaL Cloak, mantle, QA-iLOG, tof/a- Hog, from the cover. haybayiriy ta- river, or liv- Bakulo, tung- Staff, gakapangpa- ing near the kod. ngan^ taga- river.) Bakya. Wooden shoes. alog^ taga4ba- Bitonis. Button. bd, taga-kapa- Bahag. A kind of tagan.) gaskins. Tagalog. The Tagalog lan- Baksa, pangliig A ueck-kerchief. guage, the Baluti. Breast-plate, basis of the plastron. Filipino lan- Kasak^. Coat, guage. Kamiseta. Undershirt. Tsina, Sung- China. Kayo, damit. Cloth, dress. Bong. Kami sola. Carnisola (Sp,), Tikm&, Business; affair; ruffled shirt. negociation. Kamison. Gamisdn (Sp.), Uman-uman, Confederacy, long and wide shirt. kalipunan. confedera- Kotso, kortso. Clogs. tion. Kurbata. Neck-tie, cravat. Kald. Hat. VIII. Kalmen. Scapulary. Kuwintas. Beads. Pananamit at Clothes and Kuldon; listen. String; ribbon. ; •

—23—

Kiiwako. Pipe, tobacco- for taking out pipe. nits. Kalsitin. Small stockings. Singsing. Ring, finger-

Damit, panana - Dress, clothes, ring. mit, kasootan. garment. Tungkod, bas- Walking stick, ton. cane. Gnlang, kalum - Bracelet. Tungkod ng Crosier of a bigas. obispo. bishop. Guwante. Glove. Tapis. A piece of cloth Hikaw. Ear-ring. which is worn Laso, buhol, tali, Knot. by Filipino Silo. women to Lam bong, ina- Head-cover for cover their wak. women, veil, skirts, as sign mantle. of honor and Midyas. Stockings. chastity. Nagwas. Inner shirt. Pany6, panyu- Handkerchief. lY9l

lito. .

Hinggil - Panyulon. A long square $a ikina About food. shawl. hiXpuhay, Panurok. Breast-pin. Adobo. Fried meat or Pamaypay. Fan. pork seasoned Payong. Umbrella. with vinegar Pamigkis. Girdle. and garlic Relos. Watch. Agahan, Breakfast. Salawdl. Pantaloons. almusal. Salawilis. Breeches, Asukal, asukar. Sugar. trousers. Alak. Wine.

Saya ; patad- Skirt. Asado. Roast meat. yong. Asm. Salt. Sintas. Ribbon. Bigas. Rice (the clean

Sinturon. Belt. rice . Sapatos, paruk^. Shoes. Biskotso, bisku- Biscuit. Sinelas, tsinelaB. Slippers. wit. Suklay. Comb. Baboy (karne Pork. Suyod. Lendrera (Sp.), ng baboy). a close comb Bungang-kahoy Fruit; fruits. . .

—24—

#msa bungahg- coanut mil?c kahoy. and sugar. Balungbalunan. Gizzard. Gamot, Medicine. Bagoong. Fish or small Galapong. Rice flour. shrimps in Harina. Flour. brine. Hamon. Ham Biptek, bistek, Beef -steak. Himagas. Dessert.

Kan ill, nasi. Cooked rice. Hapunan. Supper. Karne. Meat. Iskal)etfle. Pickled lish. Karneng ini- Roast meat. Itlog, mgaitlog. Egg, eggs. haw. Tsda. Fish. Karneng sinan- Fried meat. Istupadong Stewed meat.' day, karneng karne. pinirito. Ispesyas. Spice, spices. Karneng ini- Broiled meat. Lauya, putse- A kind of boiled haw sa p.iril- rong tagalog. beef, the broth

ya. of which is Karneng ginisa, Hashed meat. well seasoned karneng ti- with sweet po- n adtad. tatoes or ka- Karne ng baka. Beef. motes, beans, Karne ng tupa. Mutton. vegetables, Karne ng bnlo. Veal. poik and a Karne ng usa. Venison. little sugar. keso. Cheese. Linag^ng ma- Boiled hen or Karamelo, kar- Sugar-candy. n6k. chicken. melo. Litson. Roasted pig. Kompitis. Confit. Linugaw, aiole. The Philippine Kinilaw, dalok. Sahid. gruel, or the Kustilyas, tad- Pork-chop. liquid cooked yangngbaboy. rice. Dumalaga (ma- Pullet, chicken. Linagkng karne . Boiled meat. nok). Linugaw na Rice-milk. Gatas Milk. may gatas. Gub^yin. Vegetable, Manok (inahfn ) Hen. legume. Matamfs. Sweetmeat. Ginatsln. kind A of liquid Mirindal, pa> Lunch, food with CO- mahaw. luncheon. . -25—

Mnntikn. I.jird; butler. a little salt Mantikilya. Butter; a kind and tomatoes. of butter-cake Pos[)as. A kind of gruel Mumo. Scrap. with hen or Mif'as. Cruni. chicken. I^agkain. Eating; food. Paksiw, pinak- A kind of boiled Tueal. siw. fish or pork, Pag-inoin. Driidcing. the broth of Painulat. VegetaV>le.s, which is seasoned with vi- . leaves, or

fruits, tl)at negar and are eaten witb other spices. viands. Sabaw. Broth, Vinegar. i Patfs, kotsnp. A kind of l)rine. Suka.

FMspis. OfTals; S(^ra}). Sinigang. A kind of boiled Potiihe. Pottage. fish or meat, the l>roth of IMivdang, lukba , Hunf>-beef, is sea- t

lisb. some other Pritada. Fried pork, sour fruit. meat or fish onions, toma-

' , seasoned with toes, and a gerlics, to- little salt. Some times matoes and , onions. ginger and ve-

Pes?^, pitirsa. A kind of boiled getables are

(ihh, (*.lHek^n put.

t or hen, the Buwam. Fesa seasoned [ broth of wliicji with lard.

! t is seasoned Sinaing. The cooked j

1 with a bit rice. I of ginger and 8opa, sopas. Soup. some otlier Sukulate eg' si- Chocolate. spices. kuUite. ^riiiangat. Koiied fish with Tinapay. Bread. . .

—2(5-

Tiiiapny fisanf!; Loaf. Aklatan. Lil)rary. tinapay). Aranya. ('handelicM*. Mga tinapay. Loaves/ AlampOian. Templ(\ cluircb Tubig. Water. Apugan. liime-kih). iiKis- Saltpork^ bacon Tosino, A rare. Plow. naii'g baboy. Asarol, asada. Hoe, mattock, Tosinong mala- Fresh j)ork. spad< . mig. Bahay. House. Tadtarin. Mi need meat. Batabin. Phi t form. Tinola. P>oile(i ben or <*Jiieken with Batayan, sali- Groundwork. i(po dressed gan, with lard, g;ir- Baytang. Step, (of a stair- li(*, ginger af»d cas(0 f^ome other Baluin, sikang. Bcaui. spiee. Bubungan. Roof. Torta. A round cake mad(^ of va- Balisbisan. Eaves. rious ingred- Banig. Mat. ients. Balungan, al- Money-box. Tortilya. A little cake. kansiya. Tortilyang itlog. Omelet. Banga, redoma. Jar. Tanghalian. Dinner. Batya A kind of Ulam. Viand. trough. Bayong. Sack, l)ag. X. Base, bugalong. Glass, tumbler;

Mga g2fsah\ ka- Jh(ildin(f>^y fvr- vase.. hamangan, da- v/tturey n\ater- Basiha, tuytoy, Vase, vessel. rdl at iba pang iah and other pupong.

hagay-bagay thi710,s belong- Balanan. Basket, na %ikol sa ba- ing to a house, Bakol. Square- basket.

lmy, alb. etc. Bilao. Round-basket. Buslo. Egg-bask(^t. Ahnires, lu- Brass-mortar. sunglusu- Bareta, landok, Small ))ar. ngan. lingkal. Alilisan. Sugar-cane milb Bitbay, bistay. Sieve, (tribble. Alul6d. Spout. Kuwarto, silid. Room. Alhibe. Cistern. Kusinii, pagalu- Kitchen. Aluyan, inda- Cradle. tiian, pinagld- yunan. lutCian. . . . .

KakarnaiijiiJiii. Furniture. Dingding. Wall.

I sang kaiiiii- A pieces ot* fur- Duyan. Hammock. nUan. niture. Daral, kasang- Material, Koiuoda. A clothes-) )ress; kapan. bureau. DapcSg, kalan. Hearth. Katn\ Bedstead. Dulang. Table. Kiilsi, silya, ta- Chai r Dinulaiig. Dish. bu re te. Dambana, Altar. Kulamix). Pavilion; n^os- Daras. Adze. quito net. Didal og diral. Thimble. Kuniot. Blanket. Gunting. Scissors. Kuhong, kulu- Veil, nianth^ Gusali. Building. l)()Mg, Gusi. A china jar; a Kaliin. Stove. chamber-pot. Kasangkapan. Tool. Gatang. Chupa (Sp.?).

Kaban, bail I. Trunk. Gilingan. Mill, rice-mill. Kopa. Cup. Grado ng bahay Story. Kubyertos. Covers, ta)>l('- Gulong. Wheel. serviee. Haligi. Post; pillar; Kutsara. Spoon. column. Kutsilyo. Knife. Hagdanan. Staircase, Kahoy. Wood. stairs. KaV)yawaii Sugar-mill. Hagdan'gbuha- Ladder. Karo. Car. tin, ay ran. Karosa, kar- Carriage Hihigan. Bed. wahe, kotse. liulagwiiy. Portrait. Karomata. Garromata (Sp.) Hurno. Oven. Kariton; kari- Cart. Hilamusan. Basin. tela. llawla. Cage. Kawali. Frying-pan. Haw. Light. Kemedor, paga Dining-room, Istampa. Picture. kainaiK refectory. Istante. Shelf, book- Kandila. Candle. shelf. Karayoin. Needle. Ibabang bahay. Down stairs. Kataiij Plane. itaas ng bahay. *Up stairs. Kikil. File (a kind of tool). Ihawan Gridiron, Dungawan, biu- Window. broiler. taua, liiiib. Latok. Low table. . . , .

-28-

Picture, image, Pangjiti. Lure. effigy. Pingkian, bi- Steel for striking Lainpara, Lamp, nalon. fire with a ilavviin, flint. sumbuhan. Pangnan. A small fish- Lupad. (Iroiuid Hoor, basket. pavement. Pang-ahit. Razor, chsp- LangiB, Oil. knife. LuUng, Idsame. Ceiling. Parolang, Vehicle. Luhid. Rope. sasakyan'g may I>ingkavv; karit. Sickle. gulong. pait. Chisel. Lukob; Panabihan, pii- Water-closet, tinder. Lulog. Spunk, likuran. privy-house Saw. Lagari. Sahfg; lapagan. F'loor. kind of dii){H^r. Liinibo. A Sam paya n Pwc h Table-clolb. Mantel. Suhay, tidcod. Prop. Bowl. Mangkok Sinipanan» Cupboard. Pinggan. IMate, Saro. A small jar. Pasbol; pinto. Door; gate. Sand ok. A large spoon.

Pader;ding(liiig . Wall. Sipit. Tongs; pincers. Patangwa, Balcony. Suligi, tunod. Dart. balkon. Suklob. Potlid. PaUiByo. Pala(*e. Salop. Ganta (Sp.?). Palababahan. Balustrade. Saklob (ng isiing Covert, roof of Palayok, Pot! a house. palyok. bahay) Salas/ Parlor. Palaa^iiian. Salt-cellar. SakSn. Hall. Plato. Plate. Palakol. Axe, hatchet. Salon'gmarmol. Marble hall. Palihan. Anvil. Simpanan ng Bookcase, Panghikwat. Lever. aklat, Pangalawit. Hook. Salamin. Looking-glass. Pangbutas. Borer. Salamin-sa- Spectacles, eye- i^iata. glass. Plantsa,pirinsa. Iron. Panda ng unnn Pillow-case. Sepilyo. Brush. Pisi, leteng, Small rope, Sinulid. Thread. String. Sutla. Silk. Panambil, awning. Sasangan, tiri- Candlestick. tambil. kaa'g-kandihi. . ,

—29—

Soap. Auiik (na lalaki' Son. Susi, yawi. Key. Anak (na babai) Daughter*

Silong. . Groiiiid -floor; Apo. Patriach; lord. down stairg. Apo. (t rand son, Talaro, tirnSa- Balance, a pair grand- ngan. of sciiles; daughter. seale. Ap6-sa-tuhod. Great-grandson» Tangkalag, Block (for ropes great-grand- miiton. to run in) daugater. Toong, Bucket. Apo-sa-talam- Great-great- Tabo. A kind of tum- pakan. grandson, bler made of great-great- coco-shelL grand- Tagayan, Cup. daughter. siilyaw. Anak na pa- First-born, pri- TuVk). Tube. nganay. mogenial. Tiiiiawati. Mirador (Sp.) Anak na Only- begotten. I gallery. bugtong. j Tamali. Post of dingding. Anak sa katu- Lawfully begot-

I Tabing. Curtain; veil. wiran. «^ ten; legiti- I Tanikaia. Chain; fetters. mate son or

I Pail. daughter; le- ; Timba. Tapayati, Tinaja (Sp.), a gitimate child lar<;e jar. Anak sa kalis- Illegitimate son Tinidor. Fork. ydan. or daughter; Tart. Cock-knife, illegitimate Unan Pillow. child. Walls. Broom. Anak sa ligaw. Bastard, a son or daughter XI born out of wedlock. Kamag-anakan Kiiulred or Anak natanay. True son, true 0(/ kahirilugan. relationship. daughter. Ama. Father. Anak-na-panga- Step -son, step- AmbA, ingkong, Fond names man, daughter, step- anda, aming. for grand- child, father. Amang-panga- Step-father, Angkan. family; tril)e. man. -3(

Ali, (laga. Aunt. (^Idest Ate^ atens. Fond names brother. for eldest Kambal. Twin.

sister. Kapatid -sa- Foster-brotlier. Asawa. Wife. ga tas. Mga asawa. Wives. Kapatid-na- Half-brother. Bana. Husband. kal hati. Mga bana. Husbands. Kapatid sa Brother by the Bayaw, hipag. Brother-in-law. ama*t ina. sanu^ father liiyanan. Father-in-law, and mother. mother-in- Kapatid sa Brother by the law. ama, at hindi father, but Balai, baysaii. The fathers or sa ina. not by the mothers who mother. marry their Kapatid sa ina, Brother by the children at hindi sa mother, but together. auvd, not by the BilaB, Husband of the* father. sister-in-law; Kanunuan. Anctestry. wife of the Kainapuhan, Descetidants. brother-in- mga inapd.

law. Kal)alai. Ilelation })y af- Bun BO. Younger; the finity or by youngest son marriage. or daughter; Kal)alaihan. Affinity. the Httle Karugviun, .pag- Consanguinity. child. kakarugo. Kapatid (na Brother. Kamag-anak, Relation, rela- lalaki) hinlog. tive. Kapatid (na Sister. Diko. A fond name babai) for second brother. Kaka. A fond name for Ditse. fond elder uncle or A name for second sis- aunt. ter. Kaka. A fond name for Gusang. Tribe. eldest brother Hipag. Sister-in-law. or sister. Inda, impo, Fond names for Koya og kuya. A fond name for inang. grand-mother.

. ., . ,

32—

Haboy Hog, pig. B^mak. Skate. Biik. Little pig, young Bisugo. Seabrean). pig- Butse, tingka. Craw. Baboy-ramo. Wild hog. Kabayo. Hor.^e. Baka ('ow. Kalabaw. Carabao.

Bakang kapon, Ox. Kabayong-bai * Mare. buwey. Kabayong Pony. Mga buwey. Oxen. njunti. Bakang babaya--Bull. Kambing. Goat. gin, tore. Kambing-na- He-goat, buck. Banyas. Serpent. laki. BuwayM. Crocodile, alli- Kambing-na- She-goat. gator. bai, Balang. Locust. Kaiiiel3^o. Camel. B^ngaw. Gadfly, horsefly. Koneho. Rabbit. Bubuyog. Large-bee, hum- Kuting. Kittcui, kitling. ble-bee. Kala. Turtle-shell, Bufati. Wonn tortoise-sheil. Bulating-lupa. Kartbworn). Kala})an, kon- Sliell.

Mga bayawakiii . JgiiavidoH Sp. tsa. Bayagbag, Saurio (Sp.). Kabibi; tahong ShellHsh. Bangkalang, Lizard. Kandule. A kind of cat- timbabalak, fish, bubuli. Kabayas, ha8i\- Horse njackerel Bayawak. Iguaiui. has^. ButikI. Small lizard; Kulyawan. Loriot. newt. Kulasisi. Small-parrot. Bukbok. Wood-louse. Kasili. Cormorant. Bayakan. A kind of small Kalapati, pala- Pigeon, dove. but. pati. Banoy, agila. Eagle. Kalapati ng-laki. Cock -pigeon.

Batobato; pu- iVfountain-dove. Kalapati ng- ha i . Hen-pigeon na y; balod. dove. Burong. Bird, a general Kuwago. Owl. name for the Kalaw. A kind of bird.

feathered kind; Kuliglig. . Harvest-fly. fowl H a nd- worm Kagaw , ^

Baugos; subaJo . Shad. ring- worm. .

—33-

Kagaykay, kii- Grass-hopper. mga hayop li animals. Hglig-liip^. padnin. Kabagkab^ig. Small-bat. VI ga hayop na Reptile animals, Daga. Mouse, rat. gumagapang, crawlers. Dagang-laki. He-mouse. mga hayop Da;5dngrbai. She-moiise. hilahudnin. M X?i (laga. Mice. Humento, Ass. Gansa. »Gbose, gander. Humeiitong- Female ass.

Mga gansa. • ^Gee^se: ^ bai, humenta. Gaiudng-laki.^ Ibon. Bird. Gansdng-bai. Goose. Ibon'g mani- Bird of prey.

Ganid sa gubat. •Wild beast. ^^ himbad,

Guy^, bulo. Calf. • Ibon'g mang- Mga guya, m>i Calves. •' daragit. bulo. T Itik,^ bibi. Duck. Gadya. Elephant. Ipis; Cockroach. Gagamba. Spider. IkJln/ Fish: chiefly Hayop. Animal. applied to " Hipon. Shrimp. fresh- water Hayop-gubat, Wild animal. fish that have hay op gubat- 110 name. nin. Isda. Fish, pescado Hayop panaba- Domestic ani- (Sp.) hay, h^yop mal. Isdang-balibit, Shellfish. bahayanin. lamangdagat. Halimaw, leon. Lion. Langaw. Fly. Halimaw-na- Lioness. Lam ok. Mosquito, gnat. bai. Linta. Leech. Hunyango. Chamaleon. Langgam Ant, pismire. Mga hayop sa Terrestrial ani- Langaylanga- Swallow. lupc\, mga hi- mals, laud a- yan.

* yop dalatanfii . ni als. Laid. Male, male ani- M;|a hayop sa Aquatic animal. tubig, mga mals, water Loro. Parrot. hayop tul)ig- animals. Law in. Hawk, nin. Labuy6ng-laki. Wild-cock.

Mga hayop iia Volatile ani- Labuyong-bai. Wild-hen.

hi mi li pad, mals, flying Musang. Civet-cat. —34 I

Mulo. Mule. Tupa. Sheep. Mill a. She-mule. Tupa (isang A sheep. Maya. Sparrow. tupa). Manok-na-laki. Cock. Mga tupa. Sheep. Manok-ha- Hen. Tupang-laki. Sheep. inahin. Tupang-bai, Ewe, Tig(M% tigress. Mam all. A kind of Bait- Tigre. water fish, Tigreng-laki. Tiger.

which is very Tigre ug-bai. Tigress. common in Tagak. Heron. Kabite. Tipol. Crane. Oso. Bear. Tutube. Dragon-Hy.

Pusa. Cat. Talangka. ' Small cray(i^h. Pusaiig-laki. He-cat. Talaba. Oyster. Puskng-bai. She-cat. Tungaw. Tick. Pabo. Turkey. Tanga. Moth. Pugo. Quail. Tuko. Gecko. Pagala. Pelican. Unggoy, Monkey. Paroparo. ButterHy. matsing. Pukyutan, lig- Bee. Ugaw. Ape. wan. Unggoy -na Female Putakti. Wasp. bai, kulfiw. monkey. Palaka. Frog. U»a. Deer. Pawikan, Turtle, tortoivse. Usa (isangusfi) A deer. pagong. Mga usa. Deer. Palos. Eel. Ulupong. Viper. Pagi. Ray. Uod, Worm, maggot. Pating. Shark. Uwang. Black-beetle. Paniki. l/dvge-hai. Uwak. Crow, raven. Sala^ubang. Beetle. Ulang. Lobster, Sawa. Boa. Sisiw;inakay. Chicken; chick. XIIL Sugpo. Large- shrimp. Supot. Bug, bed-bug. Hinggil sa mga About plants. Suso. Twisted-ehell, kalaman.

snail. Ampalayfi, A kind of vine, Tuta. Little dog, small apalya. the fruits of dog. which are bit- -B5-

ter; but tliey Kahoy, punong-- Tree. are medicinal, kahoy. and good for Kahuykahuyan Shrub, bush. eating whew dutong, tubli cooked. Kabuyiiw. Wild-orange. Ampalayang Wild ampalaya, Kakaw. Cacao. ligaw. Kape. Coffee, Bitsuwelas, Bean. Kamatis. Tomato. Bavvang. Garlic. Mga kamatis. Tomatoes. Balatong, Mongo. Kalabasa. Squash, gourd

munggo. Kolis. Cabbage. *

But()(n];bunga) . Kernel; seed. Kamote. Sweet-potato, Binhi. Seed. kamote. Butil. Grain. Kulasiman. Purslain. Busil. Cob. Korola. Corolla. Biliwig. Bunch. Kalik., Calyx. Balat, iipak. Skin, peel, rind. Kastule. Mars-mallow. Banakal, bajat. Bark, Kdhute. Mushroom. Balanggot. A kind of cype- Kamot-kabfig, Bramble. rus, a sedge. sipit-ulfing, Biilaklak, Flower, sapinit. sampaga. blossom. Kalikitan, likit. Brake. Buko. Bud. kasukalaii. Biinga, bu- Fruit. Dayaini. Straw. ngang-kalioy, Dahon. Ijcaf. bimgang- Mga dahon. Leaves. lialamau. Dam<), l)arit. Herb, grass. iVIga bunga. Fruits. Dalandan. Orange, small Baging. Vine. orange. Bigas. Rice (clean and Dayap. Lemon. without Duhat, lumboy. A kind of husk). cherry. Bulio. Wild small thin Davva. Millet. Dihiw, kasubha bamboo. . Saffron. Bnkawo. Wild small Gulayin. Vegetable; thick bamboo. legume. K awayan, Bamboo. Gar])ansos* Chick-peas, Spa bam bo. nish-peas. . .

-36—

Gilinggilingan. Mallows, Punong-sampa- Tamarind-tre Halaman. Plant. lok. Halaman'g- Cotton-plant. Pun6ng-ba3^'l- Guava-tfee, bas. bulak. Punong-mansa- Apple-trbe; Halaman^K- Garden-stuflf, nas. panaani. pot-herbs. Pal ma. Palm. ' Hal y as, punhal, Trunk. Palay. Rice (in husk pun6 ng ka- Piminta. Pepper. hoy, puno ng Pa k wan. Water-melon. halaman. Pahd. Paho (Tag.) Ik mo, biiyo. Betel, bxiyo. Patola. Palola (Tag.) Istamli. Stamen. Pitalo. fetal.

Ipfi. Rice husk. T'fc* • 1 1 • 1 Mr Pipino, kati- Cucumber.)/~i Labong. Bamboo-shoot. mon. Pulp. Laman. Patani; pirlio- Kidney- be.» n. Labanos. Radish lis. Litsugas. Lettuce, lettice. Patatas. Potato. Linga. Sesame-seed, Mga patatas. Potatoes.

beneseed. Puso (ng ma is, Ear. Liiya. Ginger. atb.) Luyos, Betel-nut. Rim as. Rimas (Tag.l Lukban, snha. Large orange. a kind of tree Luyong. Ebony. its fruit. Mais. Corn, maize. Repolyo. White cabbage Mustasa, Mustard. Sanga. Branch. Mansanilya. Chain omile. Mga sanga. Branches. Milon Melon. Sepal. Sepal.

Mulawin, 3folave {Ph. Sp ) Saging, B.mana {a medici Mingli, gangaw . Twig. Samboii)/. Sage Niyog. Cocoanut. nal plant).

Olibo, aseytu- Olive, Sibuyas, las()m\ . Onion. nas; oliba. Sili. Capsicum, ca Puno. Tree; plant; yenne-pepper shrub; bush. Suloy. Shoot; stem. Pundng-niyog. Cocoanut- tree. Sitsar^. Pea, peas.

Punongrpapaya . Papaya-tree. Sarsaparilya. Sarsaparilla. Punong-mang- Mango- tree. Supling. Shoot. ga. Suwi. Sucker. .

—37—

Stem Bigwasan. Pishing-cane. rangkay. Stalk, Kanggabsa. Starboard. Tubo. Sugar-cane. Karang. Awning. Taycm. Indigo. Katig. Counterpoise, Tal6ng. Egg-pbnit. Damulas. A large ship.

Tall)()>s, sulci, Sprout, shoot Daong, sasak- Ship, vessel. ughos. yan, suma- Tinik, may. Thorn. Doohg, Bow. nga. 1\sa, tsaa. Tea. Dala. A kind of fish- Tabako. Tobacco. ing net. Ubas. Grape. Gaod; sagwan, Row; paddle. Ugat (ng hala- Root. Goleta. Schooner. man). Hull ng daong, Stern. Uhay. Spike, ear. mulin, White squash. Upo. Hapin, pi si, Cord, a thin Usbong, supang Sprout, chit. rope. Yantok, uway. Ratan, heJKCo Layag. Sail. (Sp.). Lulan. Cargo; burden, loading. Lam bat. Net. XIV. Liwagabsa. Larboard. hinggil sa pag- About sailing Lawig. Any of the cord lakiydg at and fishing, employed in a pawamxila- > ship; cable. kaya. Lubid. Rope. Sailor, seaman, Albor, palo, \^ast. Magdaragat, mariner. BangkA. Boat, banka marinanhin. (Tag.) Malo, malong, Ship, vessel. Battle-ship, Biray, bote. Boat. Malong-pang- ship of war. Bapor. Steam-boat, digma. Bapor-damulas. Steamer. Magdaraong. A ship-ow^ner. Pagdaragat, Seamanship, Bah u wan. Yard, marina. nautical art, Batfivv, lutang. Afloat; buo- marine. yant; light, Panaragat, og Maritime, or be- sailing well. nauukol sa longing to the Bngbag, lukSg Shipwreck. dagat. sea. Baklad. Fish-fence, Paglalayfig. Navigation, corral (Sp.) sailing. —38—

Paglalakbay- Voyage. Alipungfi, Chilblains. dagat. Apad. Coli(^ Pulyagan, Foremast, Angol, piste; Pest, pestilence tringkete. foresail. Aiigol-tabnkaw Bubonii» pest. Palakaya^ pa- Fishing. Bungang-init, Rash, a cuta ngingisda. gasdi. neoiis eruption Pukot. A kind of lish. Biki, bayki. Wen; mumps. ing-boat. Buni. Herps, tetter. Parsing. A kind of fish- Binat. Relapse. ing by fish- Balisawsaw. Strangury. hook. Balinguyngoy. HiMuorrhage, Pamnnsiiigan, A small boat hemorrhagy.

bangkAng- • for fishing by Bulutong. Small -pox. pfimansingan hook. Bulag. Blind. Pain, Batt. Bingi. Deaf. Pandong. Deck. Buswang. Tumor on the Patubiling, giri. Weather- co(*k. feet. Panghuli ng P'ish-trap, Bubas. Buboes, pustule. \&dk. Bikat. Tumor in the Panghiili ng Crab-trap. ne(*k. ayania, pang- Bulil)uli, og di- Indigestion. huli ng alima pagkatunaw

ngo, panghul]i ng kinain. ng alimasag. Bulrtk, kabu- Pus, corrupted Si ni pete, kawat. Anchor. lilkan. blood or hu- Sundong, A large stiok. mor. Tikin. A long stick to Bukol. Tumor.

govern the A 1 J Baga. Abscess or tu- l)oat. mor in the Tigib. Loaded; full. groin, Ugit, tinion. Rudder. in the Unda, pag- Towing; teat, or in the iinda;paghila. hauling. armpit Butlig. Pimple.

XV. Batag, hinlii- iiir; Germ. 1 ^j sakit. Jiinggil sa iiJilip Ahoni health and Mga baktirya. Bacterid., (if sa mga sakit. i/fness. Bundoy,l)untoy. Dropsy, Agihap. Blister. Knlani. A tumor or -

—39--

swelling in Hawa. Contagion. the groin. Hilab, ahito, Surfeit, indiges- Kati og p Lgkati Iteh or itching. bulibuli. tion. Kabag kalbag, Flatus. Hunhon, og Digestion. usog. pagkatunaw Kataro. Catarrh. ng kinain. Kangkai|). Cinder. Higis, higisan. Hygiene. kanser. Higisnin, higi- Hygienic. Kulugo. Wart. son. Kal)iilagaii, Blindness. Ilagin. DiarrhcFa. Kapilayan. Lameness. Lajinat. Fever. Kabingihan. Deafness, Lipfik. Callus, callosity. Kaululan, Madness, Lumpo. Cripple, crip- craziness. pled. Kayavv^., sakit Spleen illness. Luga. Corrupted mat* sa la pay. ter in the ears. Ketong, Leprosy. Latay, p:isa. Lividness, livi- Ketongin. Leprous; leper. dity.

» Mga ketongin, Lepers. Maysakit, ma- Sick, diseased, Kigiw, baktir- Microbe, bac- huyang, infirm. ya, mikrobyo terium. Manas, pama- Swelling, tume- Daragis, iti. Dysentery, manfis. faction. Galis. Itch, mange. May-sala. Crippled,

Garilavv. ('holera, cho- lit aimed. lerji-morbus. Mantal, pn ma- Slight s^velling. Galisin. Itchy, mangy. ma ntal. Garilawin. Choleric. Masakit. Sore. Garilawon. Bi4onging to the Mal&t, pama- Hoarseness. cholera. malfit. Garano. Furuncle. Masasaktin. Sickly, health N>iki, pangiki. Chill and fever. ness.

Ngalo, panga- Numbness, tor- Muta. Bleardness : a ngalo, nginiay, por. slimy humor i Hika. Asthma. running from Hikkiu. Asthmatic* the eyes. Hik^on. Belonging to the M'vitain. Blear-eyed. asthma. Manhid, pama- A kind of rheu- Ililo, liyo. Vertigo. manhid. matism. ; . .

-40—

Corrupted mat- Samad, sugat. Ulcer, oun dw. ter, pus. Samarin, su- lJl(*erous. Pagamutan, Infirmary, Hos- gatin. Hospital. pital . Sinat, Slight fever, Pipi. Dumb. Sipoii, (bid; catarrh. furuncle- Pig^a. Boil, Sigam, tuyo. Consumption. pain in Pangingilo. Tingling Sal^. Strain; dislo the teeth. cation. Pamamaga. Swelling, Tiknya, aliway Convalescence. Pulikat. Cramp. Tikayanhin, Convalescent, Pasnia. Spasm, convul- aliwayanin. sion. Tagulabay. Wheal. Pilfiy. Lame cripple. Tungd. Felon, fellon. Pi3'o, sakit na Gout. piyo. Tigdas. Measles. Rayiima. Rheumatism. Tigmata, sakit Eyesori Rayumahin. Rheumatic (the ng mata. patient) Ta6K A burning fevc Riiyumahon. Belonging to the that afflict rheumatism. the children

Sakit, dam- Illnees, sickness, Tagihawat. Pimple in tli huyang, disease, dam, face. karamdaman. Ubo, Cough, Sakit. Pain, ache. U161, baliw, Cra7.y, mad. Sakit sa ulo, Headache Uhog, Snot. sakit lig ulo. Uhugin. Snotty. Sakit sa ngi- Toothache. pin, sakit ng Umor, duga. Humor, hu- ngipin, saKit mour. sa bagang. Ulilip (gihhawa Health; Sakit sa bituka. Griping. at kagalingan sanitation, Sakit sa sik- Stomachache, ng katawan, mura. og bagay na * kala- Megrim, a pain Sakit sa natutungod sa hati ng ulo; affecting one kagalingan ng hakeka. side of tlie head katawan). SubJl. Convulsion. Walang-sakit, Healthful, Suka. Vomit. maulilip, healthy. Sinok. Hiccough, hic- Walfing-ulilip, Unheal thful, kup. mahuyang. unhealthty. . . ; .

—41-

XVI.

Talaiinglgan ng ildiVg palasak Vocabulary of some useful abstract nn namniig aiotl og pangka- nouns, collective nouns, verbal

Idmtangdu, pangkatipxi' nou7is, etc.. nan, badgaon, alb.

Awhy kiiawaan, Compassion, Abal. Occupation, habag. pity, com mi- business.

st^ rati on, Abal -abal, A little occupa- Awk 8a kapw&,- Liberality, gene- tion, a little tao; kfilam, rosity, bounty, work kakalaman. bountifulness. Abala, Impediment; Alindog, ula- Caress, endear- botheration; yaw. ments. occupation. Adhika. Diligence; de- Abuloy. Contribution

\i sire; solicitude. help. Alang-alang, Regard; consi- Abyuga; pana- Occasion, pitagan. deration; po- hon; dahilan, liteness. Agdon, ambay. Maintenance; Alingasngas, Noise, support,

. ingay, A to, pag-ato. Attempt, trial. Alingawngaw, Rumor, report. Asugyo; tutol; Claim, reclama-

sabisabi. paghabol tion ; demand Aliw, kaaliwan, Consolation; Araw-ng-kapa- Birthday, nati- gall. joy; comfort. nganakan. vity, Ab(5t, kakaya- Capacity, ability, Alaala; gunam- Memory; re- han, capability. gunam. membrance; Anino, Shadow. commemora- Aso, asok, Smoke, steam. tion. usok. Aral. Doctrine; ins- Akal&; isip. Thought, truction, Ayos, husay, Order; method. Ayo. Favor. kaayusan, Ambag, amba- Contribution, kjahusayan. gan. .

-42—

Agaiu-agaiih Scruple. pag-asam, Angkit, kapa- Interest, eon- ^ hangad. kanan. eernment, ad- Kaalipustaan, Contempt, de- vantage. pag-alipusta. spising. A lam at. Tradition. A sal. Custom P A Adwaiia* Custom-house. Akdd: pag-ak- Work, working; Pag-asa, pana- Hope. da; pag-aak- doing; labor. nalig. da. Pag-aalinla- Doubt, question. ngan. K -A Pag-aalaala. Remembrance. Pag-aaway. Quarrel, fight- Kaabalaban, Botheration, ing. abala. bother; occu- Pag-aanyaya. Invitation.

' pation . Pag-aaliw, pag- Amusement, di- Kaasalan, asal. Conduct, beha- iilibang. version. vior, deport- Pag-aaral. Studying. ment. Pag-alis, pag- Departure. Kaalatan, alat. Sal tn ess. yao.

Kaarawan, Day. Pag-aalis. Taking off. a raw. Pag-ayon. Conformation, Kaalitan, pag- Disagreement, conformity; kakaalit. discord. agreement. Kaamiian, Meekness, Pag-ayaw. Refusal; dislike. am 6. gentleness, Pag-aayaw- Proportion. mildness. ayaw. Kaamuan ng Tarn en ess. Pag-alimura, Outrage. hayop, ka- ab'mura. mansuhan. Pag-aari. Property. Kaalwanan, aj- Comfort, conve- Pinag-aralan Education, wan. nience, ac- Pinag-aaralan. Subject of study- commodation. ing. KaampuaiK Dependence, de- Pag-api, pag- Offence, griev pedency. imbiv anc^. Kaangkinan. Propriety ; pe- Pangamoy. Smell, smelling.

culiarity. PangangaraL Preaching, ser^^ Kaasamaii, Eagerness. mon. . ; .

—48—

(*>barge, (^om mission. B Biiligho; { kaba- Absurdity; non- Bahin. Sneeze. lagbagan. sense.

BalA. Threat. Bako, linlkhula ; <}uessing. Buntong-hini- Sigh, buko. nga. BaMbaki,

Baligya, panga - Commerce, lessness. ngalakal. trade Kabalisanhan. Trouble.

Bahidba; badb a. Datum; indica- Kabagayan. Circumstance. tion. Kabalikan. Back-part. Mga l)aIn(lbA. Data, KaV)ibasnan. Civilization, BahA. Flood. culture. Biro. Hoax, jest. Kabutihan. Goodness. Bigay-kava. Dower, dowery; Kababaw^an. Shallowness.

endowment. Kabuhungan. Crime ; offence. Bilin. Command Kabulaahan. Lie. K ;

—44^

Kuro, pagku- ('ritcM'ion. kuro. -B Karurukan, Seat of bono Pagbibigay. (Jiving. hulls whe Pagbiibuno, Struggle, c(»urts of ju the tunggalis, ta- wrestling. t ice hold lad. sittings. Pagbali, bati. Greeting, salu- Kinang, niiig- Glitter; shininp tation. ning. Pagbibigay-sa- Imputation Kagip. Essence, la, para tang. Kayani, hina- (-onviction, Pagkabalo. Widowhood. li;^. PHgbnbata, Suffering, pa- Kuwenta. Ac(*(»unt. pagtitifs. tience. Pagbalam. Detaining, de- K— tention. Narrowness, Pagkabalani. Delay. Kakiputan. Pagl)abakod. Fencing. closeness. Fault, detect; Pagbabawas. Subtra(*.tion. Kakulan^an. faultness; Pagbibahagi. Division. failing. Pagliabaual ba- Hypocris}'. Grove, plan- nal an, pagpa Kakahuyan, paimbabaw; kahuyan. tation of trees.

; density pagbabalat- Ka kapal an, Crowd kayo. thickntvss. Kakuparan, ka- Slowness. sagalan, ka- K bagalan. Kapal. Thickness. Kakayah^in. Capability, ca- Kawan, kaban. Flock, herd. pacity. Kasal, boda. Wedding. Kakaunticin. Fewness, little- Kalinga. Heed, care, at- ness. tention. Kurot, piral. Pinch. P— Kutab; sabak. Groove; hack. Kawayanan. Bamboo plan- Pagkilala. Pvecognition, re- tation. cognizance. Kalupkop. Enchasing. Pagkilala ng Acknowledg- , . , .

45—

utnng n I nient, grati- Daya, karaya- Dc(*eit, fraud. looh. tude. an. request. Pagkuha pag- Taking ; cap- Daing, karai- Petition, , gaingain. ture. nffan, hina- Pagkakuha 0(*ciipancy ing. I)agkagamgani. capture. Dahilan. Cause. Pagkak ndili. Protection. Dahidahilan. Excu5-e, pretex. Pagkakalinga. Solicitude, at- Dalit. Couplet; hymn. tention, heed. Dasal; panQad- Prayer; flivine Pagkakaila- Necessity, need, yi; panala- office nj>an. want. ngin.

Pagkabti nr>; Palpitation. Dulo, hangga- End; bounda

dibdil). (I nan. Pagkakasal; The act of mar-? Daing, hinana- Complaint. kasal. rying; mar- kit. riage. Dighay. Belch, eructa- Pagkukuhing. Failing. tion. Pagkukulang, Diminution. Diyang-paka- Way-laying, pag-unti. na, bakay. trick, i^trata-

1 i , fi ; 1 Pagk u k u n p 1 Co n rm 1 io n gem. pagpj.patihay., Daniw. Use. Pagkukunot, Plaiting: Dangal. Honor; honesty. pagkukubot. Dbnidarnin. Feeling, Pagkiling, hi- Inclination. lig. Pagkakapat id, Brotherhood, K- D kaigsnunau. fraternity. Motive, cau^e, Pagkukuwenta Accounting. Kailahibman, sanhi. reason. Pagkatog (sa Knock, knock pinto). ing. Kadustaiin, ka- Infamy, disho- nor. Pagkalkula, Calculation. rustaaii. Darkness. pagbalak. Kadiliman, Kadalamhatian Sorrow, afflic- tion; grief. D Kadalasan, ka- Frequency, runsulan, ka- Danal, paaa- Hurt. limitan. nakit. Kadallan. Quickness, Diri, siiklani. Nausea, loath- promptitude, someness. speed. D G M6—

I /1 Kadulasan. Slipperiness. (Jilalas, pan»- Admiration, Kadalan^an. Rarity. gigilalas. woncfer. Kadaliimatan. Toleration. Gantingpala, Reward, recom I Kadakil&an. Greatness; mag- hihis, ganti. pense, nificence. Gakla. Surprise, Gugma. Will. P— Ginaw. (bldness, cold.

Paji^datfng, pag- Coming, reacli- KG datnl. ing, arrival.

I Kagalitan, Anger, ire. Pagdalaw Visiting, visi- - j Kagaliniian, (ioodness; excel- tation. j PagkaduUis. Slip, slipping. gal ing. lence; virtue; I Pagdulog. Act of recurring. healthfulness. Panamd rn. Sensation, feel- KagaanSfin. Lightness. ing. Kagulangan. Oidage. Pakiramdam; Common s<^nse. Kaguhdnin. Turbuien

Panimdim. Thought, ima- Kaginoohan; (lentlemen ; no-

gination. kamahalan. • bility, noble- ness. Kagandahan, Beauty, hand- ganda, someness. Kagandahan 'g- Kindness. Garni t, kagami- Use. tan. loob, kaayu-

Gahing; pita- Reverence; re han. gan. spect; vener- Kaganapan. A(U5omplish- ation. nient. Ginsed, puhi- Group. Kagawara'n. Bureau, <>th<*e. tong, G among, kaya- Treasure. p— manan'g na- tatago. Pag -gu hi w, Movement. i^Jahom, ka- Poten(*.y, p<»\vf>r. j>agkilos, pangyarihan. Pa^-gawa, J)oing; work- Gutom. Hunger. ing; making; Gitla, sindak. Fright. labor- H _47—

Pa»)ygigigil. CiHinige; rago. Himawft, lait, Injury, insult. Pinanggali- Origin. dustd. ngan, simiila. Hinap, dungis. Stain, spot. Panggagahfs, Violatiiwi. Hirala. Disappoint- panggagaga ment; un- Giiyocl. Flock. deceiviiig. Hi raya, haraya, Illusion. Higop. Sipping, sip. NG Haba, kaha- Length. bj^an. Ngalan, panga- N^anie. Halinghing, Neighing. Ian. Huni, paghuni. Binl's singing; Ngiti. Smile. hissing; Ngitngit; k*- Anger; great chirping. ngitngitau. darkness. Halakhak. Loud- laughter, horse-laugh. H Hininga. Breath. K— Hikab. Yawn, yawning.

Hatol. Judgment; ad- Kalianagan. Dignity ; worthi-

vice; senten<*e. ness. ; Ilingal. Pant. Kahangalan. Foolishness,

Handog. Offert, gift. foolery, non- Habla, daloni. Complaint. sense. Hi mala. Miracle, Kahinkan. Weakness, Hiya. Shame. Kahunaan. Feebleness, flac- Himanliinuin, Alleviation, mi- cid ity, flac- himanman. tigation, cid ness. Halik. Kiss, Kahinhinan. Modesty. Habihan. Weaving- loom. Kahirapan. Hardship; pain- Halimbawa. Example. fulness; po- Hula. Prophecy. verty, misery.

Hinagpis. Anguish, afflic- Kabul ugan. Meaning. tion. Kahalagahan, Importance. Hakbarg. Step. kahalagahan Halaga. Price, cost; va- Kahungha- Malice, mali- lue; estima ngan. ciousness. tion; amount. Kahimtangan. Condition, ;

-48-

rCali ilayaii. Impurity, im- 1 p I modesty, Pag- i isip. l{(\ason, tlie ra- lewdness. tional faculty Kahilayan, Viciousness, thought. bisyo. .vice. Pag-ilng, pag- Shunning, avoid-

Kahigit:in, 1 ca- Advantage. ilas. ance. lamanian Pag-ibig, pag- Lo e. sinta.

P H Pag-iingat. Keeping; i)re

caution ; vigi- Paghaliawak Holding. lance. Paghahawak Continence. 'I? Pag-irog. Love, the act ]6ob. of fondling; Paghahabil, ha-- Ele(ition. caress, act of lalan. endearment. Pag- im bay, The act of swing- I imbay. ing the arms.

Haw. Light. L Isip. Thought, mind. Lalang. Invention ; in- Interest; Imbot. ambi- stitution. tion, covetous- Ligos. Elei gance. ness. Li him. Secret. I Fineness; de- nam. Lanya, kalan- Lib^rtinage, li- light. ydan. auice, liberti- Ij^i. Good, utility, nism; licen- benefit. tiousness. Init, kainitan. Heat; warm- Layaw, kala- Pleasure, de- ness, warmth. yawan. light. Lilim. Shade; shadow. Limbagan. Printing, print- K I ing-office. Kaisipan. Thought. Lfbingan. Cemetery; grave-

Kainaman. Fairness; pret- yard . tiness. Labis, higit. Overplus. Kaigihan. Goodness; fair- Labi, labis, Residue, rest,

ness; fair. tira. remainder. Knitiman. Blackness. Lunas. Remedy. —49— ;

Liwanag, ilaw. Light; clearness, Ealabuan. Muddins clarity. curity. Li nam nam, Relish, taste Kalabnawan. Liquidness. lasa. Kjilaputan, Thickness. Lapad. Width. Kalinawan ng Fair weather. Luwang. Broadness; panahon. largeness. Kalinangan. Culture. Lakiis, tibay. Strength. Kalimitan. Closeness. Lamfg. Cool; fresh air. Kalihuan, liho, Defect, fault. kakulnngan. KalagyAan, ka- Personality. K-L Ingy Annan.

Kalinisan. Purity, chastity; Kalungkutan Sorrow, sorrow- cleanness, kadalamha- fulness. cleanliness* tian. Kalihugan. Lewdness, con- Kalisdingan. Simpleness, cupiscence. KMlupitan, ka- Cruelty, inhu-

Kalooban, Will; interior. bangisan. manity. .

loob. Kaluwngan. - Looseness. Kalik^ihan, Celerity, swift- KalaVihan, ka- Largeness. tiilin. ness. lakhan, laki. Kalubayan ng Meekness, Kalinggitan, Smallness. Idob. gentleness, Hnggit. mildness. KalanghMn, Pride; dignity; Kali wan agan. Brightness; langhd. majesty. enlightening, enlighten- -L

ment. Paglilitis; pag- Trial, Kalamigan. Coldness, cool- taya. ness. Paolilingkod. Service. Kaligtasan. Salvation. Paglilihi. Conception» Kalabhasaan. Lavishness, pro- Paglangoy. Swimming. digality. Pagling(5. Murder, assas- Kaligaligan, Trouble. sination. i ligalig. Paglililo. Treason; dislo- Kala^ayan. State, condition. yalty. Kalaliman. Deepness. Paglil6. Falsification, Kalinawan. Clearness. forgery . M M :

-M) —

Paglinsap, Favor, protec- Kanuirahan. ( 'hcapnej^s. pag^ayo. tion. Kamurahan, Dishonor.

Paglilibing, li- Burial, funeral. KaiinisnuKsan. Childhood. bing. fCama'balan. Honor, noble Pagkalimbag. Edition. ness. Taglinas, pag- Working and Kauiahalan. Dearnej^s. lilinas. improving, Kaniangnia- Ignorance. making profit ngan. of; exploi- Kamatayan, Death. tation. pagkamatay. Pagliliwaliw, Vacation. Kamalian, Krror, mir^take l^aglait, pang- Insult. mall. lalait. Paglusob. Invasion. Paglaban, pag- Rcsistaru^e. p— salangsang, pagsalkid. \aginaniasid. Observation Paglabiig. Infraction, vio- niasid. lation. Paniasid. licnnark. Pa,l?]agi, pana- Permanence, Pagnian:iala- Tattle, gossip, bioa. uatili. permanency, misreport Paglimot, pag- Forgetfulness. gossiping. kaliniot. Pagka-niay-an. Ownership. Paglutas. Resolution. Pagkakainatay. Multitude* of deaths caused M by epidemy, war, etc. Mitlang, siilira- Question, f)ro- nin. blem. Mana. Inherit a nc(\ N heirdom. Munimuni. Oousideralion ; Nilaynilay, M

Mungkahi. Motion ; 8U<^- Nasa, nais. Desire, wish. gestion. Nipis, ka!Hf)i- Hiinness, K— san. slend(»rness. Ningas. Flarn(\

Kamuraan. Tender/ ^e.^s. Ningning. (Jlitter. , ..

p Kapanaghi- p]nvy lian. I'alad, kapa- Fortune, fate, Kapayapflan, Peace laran. goodhu^k, katanimil

Piral ; kurot. Pineh; ni{). Kapatawanin. Pardon, forgive- PustaJian. B(*t, wager. ness. Pan<£awan. Stocks for pu- Kapanabunan. Time; oceassion. nishment. Kapangitan. Ugliness, defor- Pakinabang. Profit, benefit, mity.

utility. Kapaslangan. Hurt, abuse, ill- Pahintuk)t. Permission. treatment. Piging. Bi»nquet. Kapusukan. Heat of temper;

Panatili, pana- Perseverance. fieri ness. natili. Kaparangala- Vanity, ostenta- f^inambitan, Dirge, a (ioleful- nan. tion. {)ananambi-

Parusa. Punishment. ' Pagpapatotoo. Afiirming, as- Fakh, sagol. Reply. sertion. Pagpapaalam, Leave-taking; K P paalam. farewell. Pagpapataspa- Equality. Kapasiyahan, Resolution, de- tas, kapata- san; pagka- pasiya. termination, kaalas, pag- decision. kakatumbas. Kapalaluan. Haughtiness, Pagpiipugot. Beheading, de-

. pride. capitation. . . . . s

-52-

Pagpapasyal» Walk, pasyal. Salik, linam- Substance, es- Ptigpipisan. Addition. nam. sence. Pagkakapisan Meeting. Simbuyo. Passion. Pagpaparami. Multiplication. Saad. Inform atioiiY"^ Pamimintuh6. Veneration; ho- report. mage. Saknong. Task. Pagpuri; pag' Praise. SagasA, yurak. Trampling. pupuri Siiig, kasiligan. Transcendency. Sanggop. Treatise. K~R Sayaw, Dancing. Karangalan. Honor, dignity. Siste, bird. Joke. Karamutan Parsimcny, ava- Saksak ngsi^o; Blow with the rice. sikil. elbow. th< Karikitan, ka- Beauty. Suntok, dagok. Blow with riktan, ka- shut fist. gandahan. Suntok sa Blow in the face Karayagan Outside, right mukha. with the clinched side, face. fist. Karunsulau. Frequency. Snmahan. Association, KarinKalan, Beautifulness; company. dingal. magnificence. Siphay6. Reproach, insult, Karagdagan, Supplement; censure. pa, tunga- Curse. dagdag. addition ; in- Sum crease. yaw. Karapatan, Merit; right. Karampatan. Justice, right, K— equity.

Karilagan, xJk- Lustre, noble- Kasiyahan. Temperance. Ug- ness. Kasipagan, si- Diligence, acti Karuwagan. Cowardice. pag. vity. Earasikan. Rigorous justice. Kasayahan, ka- Merriment, re Karumihan. Dirtiness, nasti- ness. tuwaan. joici ng, glad Karukhdan. Poverty, indi- ness. gence. Kasinungali- Falsehood, lie. Karamihan. Multitude; ngan, ka- most. bulaandn. ; ; ; .

—53^

Kasusian, kasi- Solicitude, head. Pagsasalita, sa- Speaking, talk. nupan, smop; lita. ing, talk. Kasalatan. Scantiness, scar- Pagsasabi Saying, telling. city. Pagsundd, pag- Obedience.

Kaselangan, Delicateness, de- talima. |- , licacy. Pagsuway. Disobedience; Kasukalan ng Grief. default.

loob, suk:4.1 Pagsisiyasat. Investigation. ng loob. Pagsusuri. Inquiry, exami^ Kasagutan, Answer, reply- nation. sagot, Pagsusulit. Examination. Kasalanan Sin; guilt; fault. Pagsamba, pa- Worship. sala; kalin- nanamba. silan, Pagsasamahan. Society. Kaeisihan. Reprimand. Pagsa^amahan Companionship, Kasigasigan, Activity, fellowship. sigasig. Pagsusuwail, Rebellion; re- Kasigingan. Vigor, energy. belliousness; Kasaran.uan, Reason. kasuwailan, contumacy. katuwiran. Pananampala- Faith. Kasuuyan. Proportion. taya* Kasiyasipan. Judiciousnes; P'anunumpa. Oath. prudence; Pagsulong. Improvement, wisdom progress. judgment. Pagkakiisundo. Concord, har- Kasainahan. Communion mony, agreement. community. Pagkasira» pag- Destruction; un- Kasamaan» Badness, wicked- sir[\. doing. sama. ness, evil. Pasiya, hak^. Opinion. Kasakimaan, Calamity. Pasiya. Resolution. Kasawian, sa- Misfortune, dis- kuna. grace; adver- sity. KasundiiHn. Treaty, Fear, dread. Kasakiman. Ambition, Takot. covetousness. Taas. Height, Tanda. Sign, mark» P~S Tawa. Laugh. Taliwak^9,pag- Retractation, Pagsinta. Love. taliwakas. . — . . ; ;

Tnnorjg, pngta- Qu(\sti()n, inter- KatarunAan. Justice. Don^, rogation. Katuwiran. Right; reasoii

Talinghaga, M(Maphor; (Miig- justice. HaiTil)ingay. nia Katibayan. Document; cer- ; parable; allegory. tificate. 1'il)nn, tipaiian. Pact, con<*ert. Kativvasayan, Tranquility, agn^oment. katahimikan. quietude; re- Tangka., Purpose; pro- pose. mise». Katiwasayan Forbearance.

Tika; " Purp( se. nA loob. Taning. Term. Katalnuin. Fatness. Taf)()g, pnj^ta- Grumbling. Kataasan. Height, bog. Kataasan, ka- Pride. Taki)iihan. Running. taasar\'g Tagubilin, T(\stament. l()ob; kalang-

tipan. haan. ' Tdkso, Temptation. Katandcuin, ka- Oldage. Tub(\ pakina- (lain. lakayan. hang. Katotohanan. Truth, veracity. Tuyot, gutoin. Famine. Katunayan* Truth, sincerity. 1'ipoiv. Colh^ction, com- Katibayan ng Fortitude. pilcMiient. loob. Tungkulin, Obligation, Katapatan'g Faithfulness. kautangan.

Tayba, pata- Proof. dom . nay. KataJinuhan. Enlightenment. Katigagalan, Indolence. K -T pagkatigagal Katamaran. Laziness. Katakawan, (iluttony.

k^ihh. KatanuFan, ka- Equity, right, Kataksilan Treachery, trea- tuwiran. justice. (^horouaness. Katubusan. Redemption . . •55-

Kalalasan ng Talent, abilit'u^s, Paniniwala. Belief. isip, katari- Paninirahan, Residence. npiri. pananahanan. Katapangan, Valorousness, Pagtitiyaga. Constance. tapang. courage, va- PagtanAis, pa- Act of weeping; lor; bravery. nanangis. weeping. Katunj^kulan Em pi o}' merit, Pagtulak. Pushing; im- dignity, ofH(»e, pulse; pressing obligation; forward. post. Piitakbuhan, Race, racing. Katat^alar), Duration, last- tagal. ingness. u Katamisan, Sweetness. Upasala, pag- Ba(ik biting, tamiH. uupasala. slandering. P--T Upa, kaupahaii. Salary, wages, pa.y^

Report; in

unlaran; pag- vancement, P---W kak^unlad, Pag-wawarL Opinion; seem pagkakasu- ing. long. Pag-wawaldas. Embezzlement, Pag-uronsr, Retrocession, re- misappropria pagkakau- trogression tion. rong. Pagwawaldn 2: - Indifference Pangungusap* Speech; sen- bahal^. negligence. tence. Pagkavvili. Willingness; Pag-usig, Persecution/ inoliniition; Pag-uulok. Seduction; ins affection. ligation. Pagkawalang- Innocence, Pag-uukoL ukol. Proportion; ac sala, kawa- comodation. langmalayan. Pag-ualat. Inculcation; Pagwiwisik, Sprinkling, report. pagwiwilig, Pag-urali. Persuasion. dilig. Pag-upat, pang Inducement. uupat. Pag-uyam. Sarcasm. Pag-uroy,]pagli- Scoff, mocking. Yarl. Make; work; bak made. Yabang, kaya- Fanfaronade, w bangan. boast, brag. Yakap, Wakas. End. yapos. Hug, embrace. Wigwig, Delay, protrac- tion; subter- fuge. Kayarian, Form of a work, K- -W pagkagawd.

KawaUn. Lack. P --Y Kavvik^an, ka- Adage, proverb. Pangyayari; Case; event; fiabihan, sa- pagkapang- occurrence. lawikSiin. yayari. Kawastflan. Correctness. Pagyao. Going; de- Kawakasiin, Conclusion, end, parture. wakas. close. Pagyay^, Call, act of ia-^ Kdwanihan. ^ Oflfice. yakag. viting. . .

—57-

XVII. Pangaralfin. Pulpit. Palayfin. Rice- field. y[ga namang Frequentative Pliguan. Bathing-place. pangkaninsa- nouns^ fre- Pfimunuan. Office of the JaUy siignong quentative .ad- chief. pangkarunsit' jectives^ etc. P^'inatnugutan Director's office; Ian, ath. directory. MGA NAxMANG PANGKARUN- Pamilihan. Market. SULAN. = FREQUENTATIVE Patahian. Tailor's shop. NOUNS. Pintugan. Store ; store- house, ware- Afiinan, irasan. Salt-pit, ?alt- house. mine. Pusalifin. Quagmire; Bulhugan. Hole through muddy place. which letters Sagingan. Plantation of are thrown plane-trees, into the post- banana-plan-

office. tation. Sabsaban. Pasture-ground. Kakawan Plantation of Sabungan. Cock -pit. chocolate- Tindahan. Store, small trees. store. Kalabasahan. Ground planted with pump- Bibitayan. Place where cri- kins or minals are gourds. hanged; gal- Kamotihan. Plantation of lows. kamotes. Kakanfin. A feeding trough Kapihan. Plantation of for fowls and other animak. coflfee-trees. Hihigan. Bed, couch, a Kalihim n. Secretary's of- place of rC' fice. pose. Dimuhan. Land full of Lalagyan Place where grass. something is Plantation of Ikmuhan. put. ^ betels. Sisidlan. Vase, tumbler, [ngatgami- Treasury, or similar ngan, inga- thing, where tan'g-yaman. something is Maisan, Maize-field, In- put in. dian corn field. Pagupitan. Barber's shop. . . .

-58-

Kinatitisurat) F^lace where they iMagalitfn. Fretful. are accusto- Masfgawin. Vociferous. med to stum- Masagutin Giving answer? ble. constantly. Kiuahdhulu- Place where peo- iVTasintahin. Loving, affectio- gan, ple are accus- nate. tomed to fall. Matawanfn, Smiling. Mawilihin. Amateur; Pagabitayan. Place where cri- willing. minal are hanged. Malilimutin» Forgetful; Pagabinyagan * Place where the sacrament Malulugdin. Merry, joyful. of baptism is Malalagnatin. Propense to fe- administered. vers. Pagagimilan. Laboratory. Masasaktin. Sickly. Pagahinawan- A place where Matatakutin. Fearful, timo- they wash rous. their hands. Pagahuwayan. A place where Matutulugln. Sleepy person. they rest; a place of Mag-aasin. Salter. recess. Pagapatiayan. Slaughter- Magdaramo. Grass-seller. house. Magbabangka, Boatman, ferry Pagasayawan. Dancing-place. man. Magkakaha. Compositor (in M(5a SUGNONG PANGKA printing). RUNSULAN. ==^FREQUENTA Magkokotse. Coachman. TIVE ADJECTIVES, Magtatabako. Tobai^cconist. Magsaslakd. Farmer, lyakin. Crying with lit- Magpapalayok* Potter. tle cause. Panibughiiin. Jealous. mangdadaba. Piyuhin. Gouty. Maglalangis. Oil-man. Tiyanin. Big-bellied. Magmamana, Heir; heiress manahanin, (female) MaawMn. Compassionate, Mag-iikmo. Betel-seller. merciful. Magnanakaw* Robber, thief. Maibigfn, Anxious, long- Maf];h«ha]aga. Appraiser. ing; capri- cious. Maglalagarl og Sawer or sawyer- Mairugin. Affectionate. manglalagari. ; . . ; .

-59'

Mangangakad, Hunter, Mananagum- Triumphant mangangaso. pay, tagum- victorious, Manggagaw^. Laborer, work- payanin conquering man. magwawagi, Manggagapas. Reaper, harves- waginhin. ter. Mananahfr Taylor. Mangingisda, Fisher-man. Mananahing- Seamstress. mamamala- babai. kay4, Mananagalog. Tagalist. Mangbububo. Melter, founder, Mamimilipino, Philippinist. caster. mamimilipin- Mangdirigma. Warrior. hin. Manggigiba. Demolisher. Manunulta, Writer. Manggagamot. Physician. M^ninitik. A literary man. Literary men, li- Manggagaod . Rower. Mgamaninitik. Manggagam- Industrial, terati. lang. Manunula. Poet; poetess Mangliahabi, Weaver. (female). manglalala. Mamamahandi, Economist, fi-

Manglilimbag. Printer. bahandihanfn , nancier ManghuhuU. Prophet; sooth- Mamamald. Whipper. sayer. Mariinin^, ma- Dyer.

Manglalal i k . Turner. nanayom. Sower. Manglililok . Sculptor ; carver. Manananim. Mangdiribuho. Drawer. Manunukso. Tempter. Manghihibol, Painter. Manunurl; ta- Investigator, gapagsuri, ta- examiner. Manghuhuli. Catcher ; one who apprehends. gasuri. Mang-uukit. Engraver. Manunuligsa. Critic, censurer. Mangbabasa. Reader. Manananggol. Lawyer; advo- Manglalakd, Peddler. cate. maglalakd. Mapag-aksaya. Squanderer. Maniningil. Collector. Bountiful, libe- Mananakop, Savior. Mapagbiyay^. ral. Tagapagligtas. Manunubos. Redeemer. Mapagbal Jt . Threatener Imputer. Mananalo, Victor, van- Mapagbintang. quisher; win- Mapagmasid, Observer.

ner. Mapagkandili . Protector . . —60—

Mapagkupkop. Proteclor, hos- Tagapaglaba'. Laundorer,

pitaller. i washer; Mapagpalay^. Liberator. laundresi^ Mapagpanagi- Dreamer. (fejDole) # nip. Tagapagtang- Defender. Mapagpalayaw Fondler. gol. Mapagpatubo. Usurer. Tagapagsaysay. Declarer. Mapagsiinn- Denunciator. Tagapagsayod. Definer. bong. Tagapaglutd, Cook. Mapagsaway. Contravener, tagapangusi- transgressor. n^. MapagsiihoL Suborner. Tagapagsaing. Rice-cook. lagapagsiya- Inspector. Mapanghibo/ Flatterer, fawn- sat. er, soother. Tagapag-usis&. Supervisor; in- Mapaninta. Lover, quirer.

Mapanir^ng- Defame r, libel- Tagasulat. Amanuensis, a puri. ler. clerk.

Mapamintas. Blamer. Tagapaiiulat. News- writer, re-

"^*"'^'''*^ porter. "^ Tagaakay. Guide, leader. Tagapamili. Purchaser, Tugahatol. Sentencer. Tagapamahala ^'^erson assum- Tagaingat, ta- Keeper. ing the ma^

pag-ingat. nagement of a Tagabili. Buyer. thing. Tagatanod. vShepherd; Tagapamatnu- Director. guarder, got, tagapat- guardian. nugot. Tagapagbatas, Legislator. Tagapangasiwa . Manager, admi-

niangbabatag . nistrator.

Tagapagbili.c:7 A cj Seller, vender. Tagapagban- Watcher, guard Palaanito, Idolater- tay, bantay. Palabathala* Deist. Tagapag-am- Protector ; hos- Palariw^, pa- Spiritist, pon. pitaller. laispiritii. Tagapagkan- Protector. Palariwkon, Spiritualist dili. palaispiritu- Tagapagbayad. Payer, paymas- hon. ter. Palainom. Drinker. .

~61^

Palasinta. Lover, wooer. Bungangkan. A wide-mounth- Palasugal. Gambler. ed person; Palaiisap. Barrator, encou- gabbler, prat- rager of law- tler. suits. Labian. Large-lipped. Taingahfia. Long-eared, flap eared. MCiA IBANG URI NG MGA Uluhan. Large-headed. NAMA AT MGA SUGNO.=^ OTHER CLASSES OF NOUNS AND ADJECTIVES. Taga-Kawit, Native of Ka- kawitnin. wit. Buwanan. Monthly. Taga-Kabite, Native of Ka- Xingguhan, se- Weekly. kabitinhin. bite, kabite- manahan nian - PangarawaiK Daily n e w s Taga-Bakood, Native of Ba- paper, our- bakoodnin. Bakoor. nal. Taga-Kapis, Native of Ka^- Pfihayagfiiu Newspaper. kapisnin. pis. Kapisian MantalS'an. Review. Taga-Kalibo, Native of Kalibo, Sandatahan, Weaponed, kalibunhin. armed. Taga-Aklan, Native of Aklan. Balutian. A man armed aklanon. with a coat of Taga-Kagayan, Native of Kaga- mail. kagayanon. yan. Utusan. Mandatary. Taga-Bulakan, Bulakenian. bulakanmin, Agingayin. Sometirg resem- Taga-Palawan, Palawanian. bling the color palaw.anon. of agiflgay Taga-Minda- Inhabitant of read -grass. naw, minda- Mindanaw. Abuhfn. Ash -colored. nawanin Talisayin. A cock whose feathers re- Taga-Maynil&. Manilan. semble the maynil^anin, color of ta/ my maniRnin. tree and its Taga-Mindoro, Mindorenian. leaves. mindoroha- Mistisuhin. A person looking like mestho. nln. . . , .

—62-

Malabathal^, Godlike, Akademya. Academy. bathal^in. Akademyahon. Academic, aca- Malaangel, an- Angelical; an- demical.

gilon. gel-like. Akademyanhin . Academician, Malamandk. Galling ceans. academist. Malarayap. Lemon-like. Biy6grap6 Biographer, Malagatas. Milk-like. Biyograpnhan. Biography. Biyograpuha- Biographical. non.

Babainin. Damsel -like, ef- Botanihan. Botany. feminate Botanihon. Botanic, botani-

man. cal . Botaninhin, Botanist. Laiakinin . Virago, a mas- culine wo- mangbobota- man. nf. Kimyahan. Chemistry. Kiniyahon. Chemical. Magnit. Magnet, load- Kimyanhin, Chemist. stone. mangki- Palamagnitan. Magnetism. kimya. Palaulnungan. Socialism. Kriminon. Relating to cri- Palalamaan. Commonism. me; criminal, Palaanituhan. Idolatry, not civil. Kirurgo. Chirurgeon, sur- Palariw^an. Spiritism. geon. Palariwkurian. Spiritualism. Kirurguhan. Chirurgery, Palarogmahan. Dogmatism. sur- gery. Palarinamisan. Dynamics. Kirurguhon Chirurgic, chi- Palateknihan. TechniQg. 1 * 1 kirurguha- rurgical; non. surgical. Diploma. Diploma. Diplomnsya. Diplomacy. Alkimya, Alchemy. Diplomasya- Diplomatic. Alkimyanhin, Alchemist. hon. Algebra. Algebra. Diplomasyan- Diplomatist. Algebrahon. Algebraic, alge- hin. braical Etimologohan Etymology. Ebangelyo. Gospel. Anatomihan. Anatomy. Ebangelyuhon. Evangelical.

Anatomihanon . Anatomical, Ebangelyunhin . Evangelist; goe- Anatominhin Anotomist. peller. . .

-68-

Ensiklopedya. Encyclopedia, Optisnin. Optician. Encyclopedy. Parmasya. Pharmacy. Ensiklopedya- Encyclopodian. non. Parmasyahan. Pharmaceutics. Ensiklopedyau Encyclopedist. Parmasyahon. Pharmaceutic, hin. pharmaceuti- Geodesya. Geodaesia, geo- cal. desy. Parmasyanhin. Pharmacist. Geodesy ahon. GeodeticaL Parmakologo- Pharmacology. Hidr6grap(5. Hydrographer. han. Parmakolo- Pharmacologist. HidrcSgrapu- Hydrography. gonhin, han Parmakopea. Pharmacopoeia. Hidrograpuha- HydrographicaL Potograpo. Photographer. non. Potdgrapuhan. Photograph. Hidrometro. Hydrometer. Potograpuha- Photograpic. Hidrometru- Hydrometry. non, han. Pisisan. Physics. Higrometro. Hygrometer. Pisison, pisi- PhysicaL Higrometru- Hygrometry. sanin.

han. Pisisnin, Physician ; na- Huriskonsulto. Jurisconsult. mamimisis, turalist. Hurispantae. Jurisprudent. manghaham- Hurispanta- Jurisprudence. b6. san. Pildlogo. Philologer, phi- Hurisnia, lologist. Jurist. , manghuhu- Pilologohan. Philology. ris. Pisyologo, pis- Physiologer, Litograpo. Lithographer. yologonhin. physiologist. Litograpuhan, Lithography. Pisyloogohfin. Physiology. Litograpuha- Lithographic. Ponograpuhan. Phonography. non, lito- Soologo. Zoologist. graphanin» Soologohan. Zoology. Midisina. Medicine; phy- Sosyologohan. Sociology. sic. Sibil. Pertaining to a Midisinahon, Medical. citizen or so- panamidisina ciety. Midisinanhiu. Physician. Siglo. Century. Manp;inAirmi- An author who Tele^rapo. Telegraph. non, krimi- has written on Tipograpo, Printer, typo- nunmin. criminal mat- grapher. ters. Tipograpuhan, Typography. Magistrado. Magistrate. limbagan. Magistraduhan. Magistracy. Tipograpuha- Typographical. Optiean Optics. non. Optison. Optic, optical. Teleskopyo. Telescope. . . . .

—64—

Teologo, teolo- Theologist, Di-kabildnin. m partial. gonhin. theologian. Salanhin, sal a- Criminal, a Teologohan. Theology. rin. guilty person Teologohanon. Theological teologhanin. Pithuanfn, pa- Idealist. Telepono. Telephone. lapitho. Teknologohan. Technology.

Makabansa. Nationalist. Pagka-kabila- Partiality. Makapilipiiio. Filipinist, Phi- nin. lippiniBt. Makaameri- Americanist. Pagka-di- Impartiality. kano. kabil&nin. Makabanwa. Patriot, Makasalanan» Sinner. Makabayan. Patriot; patrio- Makatarungan. Just. tic; democrat. Makatuwiran . Rightful, reason- MakamahacUi- Aristocrat. ka. able,

Pagkamaka- Nationalism. XVill bansa, kama- kabans^an. Mga "^sugnong Descriptive adjec- Pagkamakapi- Filipinism, Phi- pangkabaga- tives^ verbal lipino, kama- lippinism. kapilipinii- ydUy badyaon adijectivesy and han. at pangtiyak. iMiting Pagkamaka- Americanism. adjectives. amerikano. kamakaame- rikanuhan. Pagkamaka- Patriotism banwa,kama- Alisaga, anya- Idle. kabanwahan y^.

Pagkamakaba- Patriotism ; de- Aksip. ; Equal; a pair, yan, kamaka- mocracy; love couple, bayanan. of democracy. Alas, kaalas. Equal. Pagka-maka- Love of aristo- mahadlika, cracy. ka-makama- B hadlikdan. Buhay. Living; alive. Bukod. Private, parti- Lintaw. Cruise. cular. Lintawanin. Corsair, cruiser. Bantog. Celebrated, fa- KabiUanin, Partial mous; remark- kabil&rin. able . . . .

-65-

Bunyl. Illustrious, cele- Kulot. Curly, curled.

brated . crisp, crispy. Bago, New; modern. Kasakitsakit. Sorrowful, pain Bigia. Sudden. fuL Bingaw. Notched. Kaunti. Few; little. Buhaghag. Spongy, porous. Kanan. Right. fungous. Kaliwa. Left.

Banayad, Mild, gentle. Kaliwete, kali-- Left-handed. Batu^an. Idle, idler, waon.

Babasagin. Brittle. , Kimaw. Handless. Banal. Saint, holy, sa- Kunwari, pa- Apparent, not cred, pious. kunwarl; real. just, virtuous. liindi tahas. Baguhan, Novel. Kapw^. Fellow-being. Basag. Broken; frac- Kamahalma- Sacred.

tion. halan, bandl . Bakog. Curved, a curve • line. D Bughaw. Blue. Bantulot. Irresolute. Dukhft, mahi- Poor, indigent Butihin. A beautiful per- rap.

son ; affec- Duwag, Coward tedly nice in Dakiia. Great; magnifi dress. cent. Bas&. Wet. Darating, Future, coming Buktot, Unjust. Dulingas, Precipitate, im Bulaan. Liar. prudent. Buhong. Criminal. Dungo. Timid.

Duk6, tunggak , Dull. Dalisay. Pure; sincere. Kayumanggi. Brown G Kaayaaya, ka- Delicious, pleas- lugodlugod. ing. Garil, utaL Stammering, delightful. stuterer. Kulang. Insufficient, de- Gising. Awake. ficient. Katapusan Final; conclu- Gibang, may Half-witted,

., sive. pagkauloL foolish. —()({-

(ransal, hiadi Odd, unev(Mi. aksip, liindi tnkoL Lubos, Complete, per- ^ fect. NG Lasing, langcS. Intoxicated, drunken.

Ngiwi. \Vry-!!K)u(he(l liaon, luma. Old, stale. Lagalag, lay as* Vagabond. H Lubha, labis. Excesive, superfluous. tlarnbd/ Natural. Lubhang-ma- Very large, very Flangal, ungas. Foolish; stupid; laki. big. injudicious. Lubha ng-da- Very great. Hamak, bulisik. Despicable, kiU. worthless, Lubhang-maliit. Very little, very vile, abject, small. (contemptible. Luntiyan, berde. Green (color) llumal. Snuffling. Lusaw. Liquid. Hilo. Blunderer, Lupakay&. Inutile. blunderhead. Lanta, looy. Wilted. Hingkod. Hipshot; lame. Lampawhambo. Supernatural. Halohalo. Mixed. Hilaw, hindi Crude, raw. M luto,

Hilaw% bubot. [Jnrij)e, green. Mahal. Dear, Hampaslup^. Vagrant, vaga- Maang, tanga. Stupid, simple, bond. silly. Hinog. Ripe. Mangmang. Ignorant, un* Halumigmig. Damp, humid. learned. Mura. Cheap.

I Mura. Green. Madia. Many; several; fga. Dry, evaporated. various. Iba, ibapa. Other; another. Mali, hidwa. Wron»'. Isapa. Another; one more, [lag, ilas. Shy; separated, distant. Iba, balaki, ba- Different, un- Pantay, patag. Ev(^n, level.

labalaki. like, distinct. ' Patas. Equal. . A —67—

Piint[i8. Wise; learned. Tunay. Evident, cer- Paliain. Very wise, very tain, true. learned. Tulig. Harebrained, Paiidak. Dwarfish, low. giddy. Palalo. Proud, haughty. Tuy6. Dry. Pisak ang isiing One-eyed. Tahas. Real; clear; a. mat ^ pure.

Pah i was. Oblique. Taal. Neat.. Payak. Simple. Tangi. Special. Pipi. Dumb; silent. Tiyak. Fixed. Pangit. Ugly. Tambaas. Frank,

Patay. Dead. Tahimik. Quiet; still. Pabaya, Careless, negli- Tamad. Lazy. gent. Tigagal Indolent. Payat. Lean, thin. Pino, tanak. Fine. Pangahas. Daring, auda- cious, bold. U161, baliw. Crazy, mad. Pitho; inithi. Ideal. Urong-sulong. Irresolute, un- Piino, pnspos. FulL decided. Piispos. Complete. Ulian. Doting. w

5alaul&. Indecent. Wagas. Pure. Salawahan. Voluble, incons- Walanghang- Eternal, endless, tant, fickle. gan. everlasting, 3an, santo, Saint, infinite. ganta. Waldnghiya. Shameless. 3akang. Bandy-legged. Walat. Destroyed. ?ungayan. Horned. Wasto, tumpak. Correct; right.

Jinungaliiig. False, liar.

Yasang, tuyo. Dry.

Tukol, aksip. Even. Totoo. True, real, M— sincere, veritable. Maalat. Salty. . B . - . . , ;

-68-

Maalam. Learned. Makinis. Smooth. Maantak- Painful, sore. Makunat. Ductile. Maamo. Meek, gentle, Makapal. Thick. mild. Makatas, maga - Juicy. Maasim. Sour. tas. Maaw^in. Compassionate, Makapangyari- Powerful merciful han. Maalab. Inflamed. Makamandag. Poisonous. Maayos. Methodical, with Makuyad, ma- Slow. order. bagal. Maaninag, Transparent, Makitid. Narrow. limpid. Makipot. Narrow {Speak- Maanta, Rancid. ing about holes.) M— Makislap, ma- Brilliant, lus- kinang. trous. Mabab^, Low. M - D Mabuti, Good. Mabangis, ma- Cruel; tyranni- Madalana Rare. bagsik. cal; tyrant. Madalas- Frequent; quick Mabaft. Prudent; vir- Madilim. Dark. tuous. Mad u las Slippery. Mabango. Odoriferous, Madilaw% ma- Yellow- Mabilog, Round. rilaw. Madali. Quick, prompt. Mabaho. Fetid, stinking. Magdaraya, m^i-• Deceitful; chea- Mabaraw. Brave. raya. ter; deceiver Mabato. Stony, rocky. Madirihin, ma- Nauseous. Mabalahibo Hairy, downy. siiklamin. Mabagal Slow. Maramdamin. Sentimental sensible; nen- Mabab^ng-loob, Humble, sensitive. pakumbaba. submissive. Mabigat. Heavy. M -Q Mapagbigay - Indulgent. loob. Magaang. Light; easy. Magaling. Excellent; good; vir- M K tuous. Magaslaw. Restless. Makisig. Genteel; gallant; Magalaw. Restless. elegant. Magaspang, Coarse . . ; .

-69-

Magalang. Respectful, reve- M rent. Mairog. Magalangin. Respectful Magulang. Old; parent. Mainit. Maginaw. Cold. Maigi. VJUUU. Maginawin. Chilly, very sen^ Mainam. ' Good; fine; de sible of cold. licious. Rough. Magalas, maga- Maitim Black. lasgas. Maiklt. Brief; short. Glad, rejoicing. Magal^k. Maigsi. Short. hand Maganda, mari- Beautiful, Mailap. Shy; wild. kit. some Mapang-iring. Scornful.

M -H M-- L

Mahab^, Long. Malabo. Vluddy. Mahayap. Tall or long and Malakas. Strong* well shaped Malabnaw. Liquid. (any part of Malangha. Proud. body). Malamang. Advantageous. Mahawna. Tall and well Malaman. Fleshy, carnous; shaped (the pulpous. body). Malaki. Large; big. Mahirap-gawin, Difficult, hard, Malagkit. Clingy, sticky,

mabigat, mal i- arduous. glutinous. wag. Malambot Soft. Mahirap, Hard, painful Malamig. Cool. poor. Malapad. Wide. Mahanghang, Piquant. Malapot. Thick, con- maanghang. densed. Mahink. Weak. Malapyd, ta- Flat. Mahinft, ang Weak-hearted. lapyd. loob. malanday. Mahinhin. Modest. Maliit. Small. Mahalaga. Valuable, pre Malibog. L^wd. cious. Malinifl. Clean; pure. MapanghingI, Graver. Mahgdong. Formal; cir palahingl. cumspect. . . . . —70—

Malukong. Concave, liollow. Marahas. Rigorous; brave. Malungkot. Sorrowful, sad. Maralitd. Poor, indigent. Malum buy. Sorry. Maramot. Avaricious. Main wag. Loose. Marikit, masan- Pretty.

Malinvang. Broid. ^ ting. Marunjl;is. Spott}^ speckled. M.-N Marumf, Dirty. Marunong. Learned; intelli-

Man i pis. Thin. gent. ManinUas. Ardent, fervent'. Maningning. Glittering. M--S Mapagnasfi. Desirous, , longing.

Ma say a. Merry, ji)yful, MP content. Mas amy o. Fragrant, odori Mapanglaw. Sad* ferous. Mapalad , mali- Happy Masarap. Savoury.

gaya. I Masan)&. Bad. Mapait. Bitter. Masai itfi. Talkative, Mapubi. Red. talking. Maputik, niaa- Muddy. Maeakft. Sore> labwah. Masalik. Nutritive, subs: Mapusyaw. Deadened color. tancial. Mapitagan Respectful Masanling. Moral. Mapitagan, ma- Polite, cour- Masidhaya. Eloquent. galang, maa- teous, Masidha, Perfect. lang-alang. Masigasig. Active, Mapamansag, Boastful Masipag. Diligent, labo- palangas. rious. Mapagparang- Vainglorious. Masikap. Diligent. ya. Masirib. Intelligent, Maputt. White. Masiyasip, mai- Judicious, pru- M-R sip. den>t. Masikip. Tight, close. Marangal. Honorable; ho- Masanghil. Strict, rigorous. nest. MasiSnurin. Obedient, sub- Marilag. Illustrious, ho- missive. norable. Masnwayin. Disobedient. . ; . .

-71 — M-T M -U

Mutaas. High, elevated Mauban. Hoary, gray- talk headed. Matayog, Tall. Maulfin. Rainy, showery. Mafcarik. Steep. Maustip. Inclined to law-

Mataring, niii- Bright, talented- suits, given to talimo. law-suits. Matalino. Enlightened. Mautang. Debtor of a great Matino. Judicious, pru- deal. dent^ wise. Maunti^ munti. Little. Matapaiig. Brav#, valiant. Mat aba. Fat; greasy. M~Y Matimtiman, Discreet. tiintiman. ^layahang. Boasting, vaunt' Matambok Bulky. ing. Matakaw. Ghitton, a great Mayuini» Soft, mild, eater. meek. Matalitn, mata- Sharp. MayunK Tender, delicate; las. mild. Matulis. Sharp- pointed. Mayanian. Rich. Matulin, mabi- Swift.

lie, Mali bay. Strong, solid. Baak, sip^k. Cloven. Matigfis. Hard. Bawal Forbidden. Matin ing na Serene. Bihis, maysuot. Clad. loob. BinigwasAn, hi- Shapen Matinis. Sonorous, har- nugisan. monioua. Binuntal, In- Stricken. nam pas, Matinip. Serious. Dl-binyagan. Infidel, pagan. Matarong. Just. Di-mabilang. Innumerable, Matuwid. Right; gtraighf. numberless. Matanua. Sweet. Di-madalita, Insufferable in- Matipfd. .Economic. dl-madalumat tolerable. Matundg. Sonorous. Di-marating, Inaccessible, Matiisin. Patient. dt-malapitan. MapanuyA. Flatterer.' Di-maraanan. Impassable. Mapiigtunga- Cursing. Di-masabi, di"" Inexpressible. yaw, palatu- maisaysay, ngayaw. dt-maituring. . . ; ; . • . .

-72—

Di-mabasa. Illegible. Namamagd. Swollen. Di-masalang. Intangible, not Nakakain, su- Comestible, eat- to be touched kat-makain. able. Di-matarok. Unfathomable. Naiinitan, naa- Warm. Di-matingkald, Incomprehen- alinsanga- sible. nan. Di-namumu- Unfruitful. Nagiginaw. Cold. nga. ' NahihiyA. Ashamed. Ginasaan, bi- Chidden. Natiituwfi, nali -Joyful, glad, nulas. ligaya. cheerful

Ginapas, gapas . Mown. NamiSmutiktik , Replete, Ng'usiian Long-snouted, Nag-iisa. Alone; single. blubber-lipp- Nagugutom, Hungry. ed. Nauuhaw. Thirsty. Hiniiigl, hinihi ^Bidden. Namamaos, na- Hoarse. ngl, nauutos. mamalat. Hindi patas; Unequal. Nayayamot, Weary d!-patas yamot. ,

hiiidl-alas, di - Nakatay6ng- StiflF. ' alas. matuwid, na-. Hindt-paris, dl- Unlike. ninigas. paris Nauukol. Belonging. Inahitan. Shaven. natutungod. Ipinanganak. Born. Patay. Dead. Linagari. Sawn Pinasubo, luto. Sodden. Makasd-samd, Noxious, hurt- Pinagkitan, Waxen. nakasasam^ ful, mischiev- maypagkit. makapa- ous. Sakay. Ridden. panganyayi, Sunog, silab. Burnt. nakapapa- Sunodsunod. Consecutive. nganyayk. Tinagd, tinad- Hewn. Maipagblbili, Saleable, tad. sukat bilhin. marketable. Maihahalal. Eligible. Nababasa, su- Legible. Ang. The. kat- mabasa. Ano? What? Nakikita, litaw. Visible. Alin? Which? Malililok, nauu- Graven. Alinman, ka- A.ny. kit, nakikin- hiH ano, ka- tal. hili alin. —73-

Ang tanan, ang The whole . • . Rnhnstnhan, Enough.

boong. . . . kaigihan, sa ang sang, ... pit.

BawJi't, bawa't Each. Ga5^()n.. Such.

isa.. Ga\ Oil din. Same. BawaH, lahat, Every. ibi. Other Ifiluit ng. Ihi1i, kaunti. Some. Bisan, balang- Either, neither. Ihin. A few. na, alinman. Fsa. A, nn. BiksA, bisan. Neither. Tsapa. Another. CapwS, diiha. Both. liahat, tanan. All. Kauntt. Few. Laldng inanimi More. [araixiihan, Most. Marami. Many; much ang lalong Wii]fi (wa- No.

ma rami. lang. . . . )

PAGLTLTNGAY NG MGA OAYLAS N(5 MGA NAMANG PANGKALAAFAAN^DECLENSIO.V OF THE ARTICLES OF COMMON NOUNS.

hminatunhin (.) {Nominative) Ana. The

^enituiihin. {Genitive) . . . . Ng, sji. . . . .Of the.

Oitfinhin. {Ditive)...... Sa, para sa. To the, for the.

ikasatftnhin. {Acicsative). . . Ng, sa. .... The

{1ioJcfftanhin^=^ Vocative) . 'Ablifunhiii ng dahildn at liigdK {G.iusal and Local Ablative). Sa For the, through tlie, from the, to the, at the, in the, into

' th^. khlatiinhw vg siilyavg {Instrv- Ng With the, by the.

mental Ablative) . . .

(.) Arg mira salitang ito ay galing sa latfn'g jiomwatvs^ nginjilanan^^ **binanggit"; gevitus, **inianak''; datus^ **ibinigay"; accusafm, **sinal)i'\ ^*inakusahan'\ *'binala''; vocatU8r*'ii' iiawag'^; at ablatns^ '*dinabi'^. ; —74— PACJLILINGAY NO MGA DAYLAS NO MGA NAMAN PANQSARILI. ^DECLENSION OF THE ARTICLES OF PROPE NOUNS.

Kasala)\ Singular,

John. Norn Si. . . John's; of John. Geriit ...... Ni, kay W pani kay. To John; for John. Dat . . . , , . Kay, \^ Aku,s Kay John Ablat ..... Kay To, for, from, witl John, (Bokat)

Kavifiaan, Pliirai

Fow Sina Pransinko. Francis and company Francis and family. Genit ..... Nina og kina Francis and company's; Pransisko. Francis and family '8. Daf Kina 0^ pani ki- To, or for Francis and com- na Prannisko. pany; etc*

Aku8 ..... Kina Pransisko. Francis and company ; etc.

Ablat . ... - Kina Pransisko. To, for, from, with Francis and company; ect.

Ang niga. The. Ang mga binibining pilfpinhin. The Philippine ladies. Ba mgn binibining amerikanhin. To the American ladies. Ang kahinhinan ng mga babaing The modesty of the Philippine pihpinhin. women. Kay Ginoong Ban tog. To Mr. Bantog Kay Ginang Kalinisan. To Mrs. Kalinisan. Kay Gining Liwayway. To Miss Li wayway.

Ang bahay nina kapitan'g Pel is. The house of Kdpitdn Pel is and family. —75— PANGHAMBTNG = COMPARATIVE.

Mabait para mo, og mabait na Prudent like you, para mo.

JIasfpagA'a?/a ko. Diligent like I. JIaputt parang kastilji, og mapu- Whit^ like Spaniard. ting parang kastil^.

Si Pedro ay kasing dunong ni Peter has learned a^ John. Huwan.

Ito'y kasing saya niyon. This is as merry as that.

Ito'y singhaba niyan. This is as long as tliat.

SiKatalina ay kasing ge^mhi ni Catharine is as beautiful as Ag- Ines. nee.

Ang akin'g lapis ay shi,i,'haba ng My pencil is as long as my pen, akin'g panulat.

Ang iyong dulang ay singlaki nf Your table is as large as my table. akin'g dulang. Singgagaling. (They are) equally excellent.

Singdidilag., . - equally illustrious,

fengbabango. . - equally odoriferous.

JIagkasinglakas. - - equally strong.

Magkasingdaniial, magkakasing- - - equally honorable, dangal. equally honest.

Mataae ka fcaj/ sa akin. Ikaw'y You are talle?r than I am. lalong mataas kay sa akin. Ma-

taas paikaw (0,9 mataas kapa) j sa akin.

*8i Luwis ay lal07i^ matalino sa Louis is more enlightened than kay Pransisko. Francis.

Si Gregoryo ay mapitagan pa sa Gregory is more polite than Je- kay Heronimo. rome.

\l(ilong malwrUiiin si Mariya .sa kay Mary is more modest than Joanna,

Huwana. < lalong maganda kay sa. Handsomer than, ta/o?i<7 malapad kay sa\ Wider than. Lalong malamfg kay sa. Cooler than. —76-

Lalong inayainan 8a kay. Richer than. Lalong kdi\hvi'ih\g sa kay. More a ni ible than. Lalong matin6 sa kay. More prudent (judicious than. Siya ay digaanong mapit^gan para He is not so polite as Paul. ni Pablo.

Ang atis ay dt gaanoa^ ma- Atis is not so savoury as u)ango. sartip para nS mangg», Di gaanoag hiasigasig para ni, Not so active as.

Di gaanong inapula para ng. Not t^o red as.

Di gaanong dukha gaya ni. Not so p )()r as. Di gaanong buhaghag gaya n?. Not so sponyious as. Kalang ng sigasi-g. Less active. Kulang ng puH. Less red. kiilang nghsLit. Less prudent.

PANGKATAASAN'G TIBOBOS. = ABSOLUTE SUPERLA- TIVE.

Liibhang maligaya, luhhang ma- Very happy. pal ad. Jubhang dakil^. Very great. Lubhang maganda, Very beautiful. Luhhflng malaki. Very large. Maganda kang lubhd. Maganda kang totoo.

Maganda kang di sapallt.

Maganda kang di hamak. You are very beautiful. IVfaganda kang dl pabik. You are very handsome. licaw ay napaka ganda. Ikaw^y la bis ng ganda. Labis ka ng ganda.

Malay6ng di palak. Far distant. Laid pang mabuti; mabuti pang Far better.

! di palak. —77—

/A great deal of - - - A good deal of - - - Lubhang marami, maramiiig ma- I \ Very much, rami, I A great many, ' A good many. Katamistamisan. Very sweet, or the very sweetness. Kalinislinisan. Very pure, or the very purity. Kalmtibutihan. Very good, or the very goodness. Kasamd^amAan, Very bad, or the very badness. Kabaiial banal an. Very holy, or the very holiness. Katarungtarangan. Very ju^t, or the very justice.

Kasantusantuhan. Very saint, o? the very sanctity. Kauii)haginlia\vahan. Most salubrious. Kabanalbanalan'g Atna, Most Holy Father. Mai nam na mainam, Very fine. Maayong maayo. Very kind. Magaang na magaang. Very light. Mabigat na mabigat, Very heavy. Maliksing maliksi. Very quick. Mahin^ng mabin^. Very weak. Sadyang bait, sakdal ng baft, Eminently virtuous. eakdal kabaitan.

PANGKATAASAN^G KATUG6n. = RELATIVE SUPERLA- TIVE.

Aug lalong masipag sa pag-aaral. The most studious. Aug lalong kawiliwili. The most agreeable. Aug lalong pino. The fin^s/. Ang lalong mapalad. The happiest. Aug lalong malaki. The largest. Ang lalong maliit. The smalUsi. Ang lalong matimtiraan. The discreete8<. .

—78— ,

Mabuti; lalong mabuti; ang la- GcxkI; better; he^t. long mabuti, ang kabutibuti- han. Masamil; lalong masamfi; ang Bad; worse; worst. lalong masamA, ang kasama- &am&an. Muntl; lalong munti; ang lalong Little; less; lea^^t. munti.

Marami; lalong marami; ang la- Much, man j'^; more; most. 16ng marami, ang karamihan. Hull; lalong hull; ang kahuli- Late; later; latest or last. hulihan. Una; lal6ng una, nauuna, dati- Fore; former; foremost or lirst. ban; ang kaunaunahan. iMatandA; laldng matanda; ang Old; elder; elde>^t. katanddtandA,an. Lum^; lal5ng lumA; ang kalu- Old; older; oldest. m^lumaan.

Xapitapitagan. Respectable. Kagalanggalang. Venerable; reverend. Kauli-ulilip. Healthful, salubrious, salutary Kaginhaginhawa, Salubrious, healthful. Kaayaaya, Delightful. Kaibig-ibig. Amiable. Katakottakot. Dreadful. Kakilakilabot. Horrible. Kahang&hangfi. Admirable.

Makamamatay Mortal; mortiferoOsT^ Maknldlugod. Agreeable, pleasing. MakatutuwA. Agreeable, pleading, pleasant. MakahlhiyA. Shameful. Makaliiluwalhati. Glorifier, glorifying. .

—70—

Masasabi Expressible. Mangyayari. Possible. MagagawA, ma4akdas. Feasible, practicable. Makikita. Visible. Makakain. Eatable, comestible. Maiinom, Potabie. Matfitanggap. Acceptable, Di-matiis, dt mabata. Insufferable, unendurable. Di-madalumat. Intolerable. Dt-mapatawad. Impardonable, irremissible l)t-magamit. Unserviceable, useless.

Sukat magawA. It is possible to do. Sukatgawin. It is possible to do. Mangya3'aring niaamit. It is possible to use. Mangyayari ng garni tin. It is possible to use. Sukat niatiis. It is possible to suffer. Sukat tiisin. It is possible to bear. Mangyayaring matiis. It is possible to bear. Mangy ay aring tiisin. It is possible to suffer.

Madaling gawin. Easy to do. Maliwng sabihin. Difficult to say or to tell. Mihirap kanitan. Difficult to obtain. Kaparis, kapantay, kaalas. Equal. Kapara, kabalintulad, kahulilip, Similar. kahalimbawa, kahambini^, katulad. KaWangis, kawangkt. Reseml>Hng, similar.

XIX.

Mga sugvon pangnlnlavg, atb. Numeral (idjertrif^'ed:

M(5A PANAIULANG NA TIBOHOS. -ABSOLUTE .NUME- RALS. --

Bala og sero v 0. Niiughi or zero. —80-

Isa (sang) 1. One. Dalawa 2. Two. Tatlo 3. Three. Apit 4. Four. Lima 5. Five. Anim 6. Six.

Pito ...... 7. Seven. Walo 8. Bright. Siyam 9. Nine. PaA=3a ngpfi=;5angpul6 10. Ten.

* Labing-isa. . • • • • 11. Eleven. Labingdalaw 12. Twelve. Labingtatlo 13. Thirteen. Labing-apat ...... 14. Fourteen. Labinglima 15. Fifteen. Labing-anim 16. Sixteen.

Labingpito 17. Seven ''ieen.

Labingwalo . . 18. Eighteen, Labiiigsiyara 19. Nineteen. Dalawangpii 20. Twenty.

-DalawangpiiH igji . . . . . 21. Twenty-one. DalawangpiiH dalawa ... 22. Twenty-two. DalawangpAU lima .... 25. Twenty-five. TatlongpA 30. Thirty. Tatlongpii't issi ...... 31. Thirty.on4?

Tatlongpfi't tatlo^ . . . . 3J?. Thirty, thi-ee. Apat-na-pA 40. Forty.

Apat-na-pA't anim . ... 46. Forty-six.

Apat-na-pA't siyam . ... 49 Forty-nine.

LimangpA , £0. Fifty. LimangpOH apat. 54. Fifty.four. Anim-na-pA 60. Sixty. Anim- na-p(\'t walo 68. Sixty-eight. Pitongpft ...... 70. Seventy. PitongpftH pito 77. Seventy -seven. WalongpA 80. Eighty. WalongpAH walo. 88. Eighty-eight.

Siyam-na-pft . . . 90. Ninety. -81-

Siyam-na-pil't siyam . . . . 99. Ninety-nine.

Gat6s==.:4anKgat6s=-iaiiydaan . 100. Hundred, one hundred.

Sanggatos at labingtatlo . 113. One hundred thirteen. Dalaw'aiig gat6s= Jalawang daan. .200. Two hundred.

Dalawanggatos pitonirpu't isa . 271. Two hundred seventy-one. ,

Tatlong gat()s=taXlong daan . 300. Three hundred.

Tatloiig gates at lima . . . . 30e5. Three hundred

five.

Apatnagat—osapat na raan . 400, Four hundred.

Liinang gal()s=li!naiVg daan , 600. Five hundred,

Limang gates anim na . , . ) 664. Five hundred

pil*t apat, ) sixty -four. Anim na g it6s = anim na raan (500. Six hundred. Pitoag gat6s=pit6ng da'an 700. Seven hundred?

Walong gat6s=wal6ng daan . 800. Plight hundred. Siyam na gj\tds=siyam na raan 900. Nine hundred. Libo -sanglibo 1,000. One thousand. Sanglibo't anim ..... 1,006. One thousand, six.

Sanglibo anim na gatos . { 1,603. One thousand, six at tatlo hundred three. j Sang-libo't apat-na-pu. 1,040. One thousand forty. DabiWiing libo. ... 2,000. Two thousand.

Sangpung libo ~ sanglaksa . 10,060. Ten thousand.

Sang<]:at6s na libo=sangdjian'g I 100,000. One hundred

libo=sang-yuta. . . . . f thousand.

Anga\v=sang-angaw. . . . ) 1,000,000. Million. == sangpung ynth . . . . ) Dawinangaw Billion. Agyoangaw Trillion.

Mampatangaw. . . . . Quadrillion. Tundong-angaw Quintillion. Kalanngaw Sextillion.

Manapitangaw...... Sjeptillion. Sagaangaw. ... Octillion. Bulairangaw Nohillion.

Turuangaw : . Decillion. —82— MGA PANABILANG SA HANAY.=ORDTNAL NUMERAL8,

Ang una=ang nauna. The first. Ang ikalawa. The second. Ang ikatlo. The third. Ang ikapat=ang ikaapat. The fourth. Ang ikalimfi. The fifth. Ang ikanim -ang ikaanim. The sixth. Ang ikapit6. The seventh. Ang ikawal6. The eighth Ang ikasiyam. The ninth. Ang ikasanKpA=ang ikap(i The tenth. ang ikapuld* Ang ikalabing*isa. Th6 eleventh. Ang ikalabingdalawio The twelfth. Ang ikalabingtatlo. The thirteenth. Ang ikalabing-apat. The fourteenth. Ang ikalabinylim^, The fifteenth. Ang ikalabing-anim. The sixteenth. Ang ikalabingpito. The seventeenljh. Ang ikalabingwal6. The eighteenth. Ang ikalabingsiyam. The nineteenth. Ang ikadalawungpA. The twentieth.

Ang ikadalawongpAH is&o The twent\ -first. Ang ikatalongpO. The thirtieth. Ang ikatatlongpAt dalaw^. The thirty-second. Ang ikapat-na-pOi. The fortieth. Ang ikapat-na-ptl't lima. The forty-fifth. Ang ikalimangp{i« The fiftieth. Ang ikalimangpAH tatlo, The fifty-third. Ang jkanim-na-pA, The sixtieth. Ang ikapitongpOl« The seventieth. Ang ikawalongpil« The eightieth. Ang ikafli\ am-na-pA, The ninetieth. Ang ikasanggai68'=ang ikasH n gdaan = ang The hundredth. ikagatos» Ang ikasan^gatds at is^

==ang ikasandaa^t isd The hundred and first =ang ikagatoB at isa. < . -83—

Aug ikas^nggatos at dalawA ^ "ang ikasangdaaH Tha hundred and second. dalawa = ang ikagatog at dalawa. J Ang ikadalawanggatog The two hundredth. saa.ang ikadalavrangdaan. ikalimanggat6s:=ang Ang The five-hundredth. ikalimangdaan. \ Ang ikasanglibo=»angikalibo. The thousandth. Ang ikadalawanglibo. The two-thousandth. Ang ikasanglaksa «==ang ika- [• The ten-thousandth. laks&. Ang ika8anfiyut3i«=*ang ikayu- r The hundred-thousandth U. Ang ikasang-angaw=*ang ika- I The millionth. angaw«

MGA PANABILANG NA LAMPIBADYA0N=ADVBRB[AL NUMERALS.

Makfiilfta?, ilang alap? How many times? Minsan, isftng alap. Once, one time. Makalawa, dalaw&ng alap. Twice, two times. Makaitlo, mak&tatlo, tatloug Thrice, three times. alap. Mukaapat, mak^ipati apat na Four times. alap. Makalima, liming alap. Five times. Makdanim, anim na alap. Six times. Makapitd» pitong alap, Sevan times. Makawalo, waldng alap. Eight times* Makasiyam, siyam na alap. Nine times. Maka«angpil, satigpAng alap. Ten times. MLakalabing-anim, labing-anina Sixteen times. na alap. Makadalawangpii, dalawangp{lng Twenty times. alap. —84—

Malnsanggatos, n)al

MGa PANABILANG na PAMAHAGI.^PARTITIVE NUMERALS

Ihin ilan? How many bj' how many? Isa isa. One by one* Dahl-dalawa. Two by two. Tatlo tatlo, Three by ihree. Apat npat. Pour by four. SangpA sangpA. Ten by ten» Dala-dalawangpu. Twenty by twenty. Sangga-sanggatof^, sangda- One hundred by one hundred. sangdaan. Sangli-ganglibo. One thousand by one thouiand. Sangla-sanglaksa. Ten thousand by ten thousand.

Tig-isa. One to each one. Tigalawa, Two to each one. Tigatlo. Three to each one. Tig -apat. Four to each one. Tighlima. Five to each one. Tig-anim. Six to each one. Tigpipit<). Seven to each one. Tigwawalo. Eight to each one. Tigsisi^am, Nine to each one. Tigsasangpu. Ten to each one. Kalahatl. Half. Katlo. Third. Kapat. Fourth. -85—

Pipisiihin. Of one peso. Sasalapiin. Of one salapiy or fifty centavos. Peperahin, sesentimusin. Of one centavo. Aapatin, apatin. Piece of four. Lilimahin'g sentimos, lilimahin'g Five-centavo piece; five-cent pera, lilimahin'g kagatos. piece; of five centavos, of five cents, Isang sasangpuin'gpiso. A bill of ten pesos. Aklat na kakahatiin. Book of two reals, or of twenty-five centavos.

Kudernong sisikapatin, kuder- Copy-book of one real, or of 12 ^'2 nong sikapatin. centavos. Kalong sangsalapiin, Hat of four reals, or of 50 centavos. Tinapay na sesentimusin. A loaf of one centavo. Panyulitong sisikolohin. Handkerchief of one half real, or 6 2/8 centavos.

Tigatlong piseta. At three pesetas apiece; of 3 pesetas.

Tigalawang pi so. At two pesos apiece ; of 2 pesos. Tigsangpilng sikapat. At ten reals apiece; of ten reals. Tigdalawangpu't linifing piso. At twenty-five pesos apiece; of 25 pesos. Tigtatlongptlng piso. At thirty pesos apiece-; of 30

* pesos. ' TigwalongpiiH anim na sentimos. At eighty-six centavos apiece; of 86 centavos.

Manguslng. (Kusing) One half centavo to each one. Mamera. (Pera) One centavo to each one. Mangagatos. (KagatOK^) One cent to each one. Manentim6s. (Sentimos) One centavo or cent to ' each one. —86~

Manguwalta. (Kuwalta) One ouarto to each one. Maaaikapat, manikapat. (Saikapat) One real to each one. illatiaikolo, manikolo. (Saikolo) One half real to each one Mamiseta. (Piseta) One peseta to each one. Mangahati. (Kahati) Two reals to each one. Manalapt. (Salapt) Four reals to each one, (Piso) One peso to each one. Mam i so. MangdipA. (Dipa) One braza (fathom) to each one. MangdangkaL (Dangkal) One palmo (handbreadth) to each one. Mangab^n. (Kaban) One cavan to each one. Manal6p. (Salop) One ganta to each one. Manggatang. (Gatang) One chupa to each one. Magkano? Hon much? Ilagkakano ba ang mil6n? Tig For how much a melon? maiikano ang milon? Mamiseta. For one peseta. Tig sarigpdng seatimds. For ten centavos; for ten cents. Tig rnagkaao ang salop n| bigSs? For how much a ganta of rice? TigdalawangpA't limang senti- For twenty-five centavos. mcSs; mangahati. Tig tatlongpAng kagatds. For thirty cents.

fisA, ipft 1am ang. Only one.

th& \^&.. lisft lamang. Only one. Kaisfilsft, kaisaisahan, Single, unique. Dfidalawa^ dalawa lamang. Only two. Dadaladalawa, dadalaw^ lamang. Only two. TdtatlQ, tatlo lamang. Only three. Tatatlo-tatlo, tatatlo lamang, Only three. Ilan? How many? Ikailanka? Ikaildn kay6? What number of order are you? -87-

Ikp.ilan siya? What number of order it he? Akd'y ikalima, ako eng ikalima, I am the fifth. akri'y siyang ikalima. Ikaanim siya. He is the sixth. Ikailin^g araw ngay6n ng What day of the month is it? buwan'g ito?

Ikalabing-apat. It is the fourteenth. IWn^g taon na kayo? Gaano ang How old are you? inyonj5 «ulang? May ilan'gtaon ka na? Gaano ang gulang mo? Mayroon na akong; tatlongpAH I am thirty-nine years old. siyam na taon. TatlongpiiH siyam na taon na ang akin'g Kulang. Sanglibo ieangdaan at anim-na* A thouFand one hundred and p{!lng kabayo. sixty horses. Sangj^atoB na bahay. A hundred houses. Bilang na isang libo Banggatds at Nnmber one thousand one hun labingpit6. dred and seventeen. Bakood, Kabite, K. Pilipinhan, Bakoor. Kabite, P. I., August ikalabing-apat ng Agosto ng the fourteenth, one thousand isanglibo walorig gatos pitong- eifiht hundred and seventy- pft't lima. five.

Ur ang araw hf Disj embre, o The firiit day of December, or ika una ng Disyembre. December the first. Piyd ika Una. Pius the First. PiyA ika Lima. Pius the Fifth. Ledn ika Labingtatlo. Leo tht Thirteenth. Piyd ika Sangpft. Pius the Tenth. Benedikto ika LatHOglim^. Benedict the Fifteenth. Pilipc ika Law4. Philip the Second. Pilipe ika Tatlo. Philip the Third. Alponwo ika Labingtatlo. Alphonso the Thirteenth. Guilyermo ikn Tatlo 8a InglllBUkti. Wijliam the Third of England leabel ika LawA. fiJizabeth the^ Second. Kabanatang ikalaw^. Chi^pter the second. Pangkat ikalabingtatlo. Section the thirteenth. An6ng oras na? What o^lQck is it? -88-

[kawalo na sa orasan, ikawalong It is eight o'clock. eras, ikawalong oras na. Ika siyam na oras, ikasiyain It is nine o'clock. nang oras. Ika labingdalawang oras. It is twelve o'clock. Ika labingdalawang oras at la- It is a quarter past twelve. binglimang minuto; ika labing dalawang oras at isang kuwarto.

Ika isaug oras at kalahati. It it half past one.

Kulang ng isang kuwarto sa ika It is a quarter to two; it wants dalawang oras. a quarter to two.

Ikatlong oras at dalawangpilng It is twenty minutes past three. minuto.

Kulang n> dalawangpilg minuto It is twenty minutes to three;

sa ikatlong oras. it wants twenty minutes to three. Sa andng oras? An6ng oras? At what o'clock? Sa ika isang oras, ika isang oras. At one o'clock. Sa ika apat na oras, ika apat na At four o'clock. oras. Sa ika dalawang oras at labing- At a quarter past two. limang minuto. Sa ika dalawang oras kulang ng At a quarter to two. isang kuwarto. Minriinsan, lisang alap. Once only. Mamakalawa, dadalawang alap. Two times only. Mamakasangpu, sasangpung alap. Only ten times. Mamakasanggatos, sasanggatos Only one hundred times. na alap. Isang katl6, isang katlong ba- One third.

hagi, isang saikatlo. * Dalawang katl6, dalawang Two thirds. saikatlo*

Tatlong kapat-bahagi, tatlong Three fourths. saikapat.

Isang ikalima. One fifth.

Tatlong ikalima, tatlong Three fifths. saikalima. . —89^

Anim na ikasiyara. Six ninths. Limang saikagat(5s, limang ika- Five hundredths. gat6dy limang kagatos. Isdng saikalibo. One thousandth. Dalawang saikalibo, dalawdng Two thousandths. ikalibo, dalawang kalibo. Tatlong daan^g saikaangaw, Three hundred millionths. tatlongdaan^g ikaangaw, tat long gatos na kaan^aw, [Capat=ikapat=saikapat, Fourth. Kawal6=ikaw{il6==saikawal6. Eighth. SaikapA. Tenth. Kagat6s=ikagat6s=sa^kagat6s Hundredth,

Mga halipnama. Pronouns.

PAGULINGAY N(J MGA HALIPNAMANG LAGYUON.—DE- CLENSION OF THE PERSONAL PRONOUNS. PANa^VNANO LAaYO.-=FlRST PERSON.

Kasalay. Singular.

Nam. Ak6. I. Oenit. - - . - Akin, ko. My, mine, of me. By me. Dat. ----- Sa akin, pari sa akin. Me, to me, for me.

AkuB, - - - - Sa akin. Me. Ablat Sa akin. For me, to me, with me, of me, from me, etc.

Karingan^g tibobos. Absolute Plural

Norn. Tayo. We.

Oenit. - - - Atin, natin. Our, ours, of us. By us.

Dat. - - - - Sa atin, pari sa atin. Us, to us, for us.

Akus. - - Sa atin. Us. <

Ablat. - - - Sa atin. For us, to us, with us, of us, from us, etc. , -90—

Karinflgan^g Panghiwaldy Restrictive PhiraL Nam. Kami. We. Genit, Amin, iiMtnin, Our, ours, of us. By us.

Dai, - - Saamiij, para sa amin. Us, to us, for us.

Ahis. - - - Sa nmin. Us.

Abldt, - - - Sa amin. For us^ to us, with us, of us, from us, etc.

PANGALAWANG LAGYO.-- SECOND PERSON.

Kasalay, Singidnr,

Nam, Ikavv, ka. You. Thou. Genit. ' - - lyo, mo. Your, yours, of you. By you. Thy, thine, of thee, By thee.

Dat. - - - - Sa' iyo, p^ani sa iyo. You, to you, for you. Thee, to thee, for thee.

Ahxts. - - - Sa iyo. You. Thee. Bokat. Ikaw. You. Thou..

Ablat. ' - - Sa iyo. For you, to you, with you, of you, from you, etc. For thee, with thee, etc.

Kariflgan. Plural,

Norn. Kayo. You. Ye. Genit, - - - Inyo, ninyo. Your, yourp, of you. By you D(U. - - — Sa inyo, para sa inyo. You, to you, for you. - Sa inyo. You. Mokat, Kayo. You. Ablat. - - - Sa inyo. For you, to you, with you, of you, from you, etc.

Panadntva. DnaL

Norn, Kita ~ Kata. You and I {you of me). Thow

and I {thou) of me. -91-

Genii. - - - Kanita, ta. Ata, ta.

Dat. - - - - Sa kanita, para sa kanita. Sa ata, para sa ata.

Aku^. ' - - Sa kanita. Sa ata. •

Ablat. ^ - Sa kanita. Sa ata.

paMatlong LAGYO^THIRD PBRSOJ^.

{Sa lalaki.)

Kamlny. Singular,

Norn. Siya. He.

Genit. - - - Kaniya, niya, His, of him. By him. Dat. Sa kaniya, para sa Him, to him, for him. kaniya. ^ A^us. - - - 9a kaniya. Him,

Ablat. - - - Sa kaniva. For him, to him, with him, of him, from him, etc.

(Sa babai)

Nam. - - - - Siya. She. Genit. - - - Kaniya, niy a. Her, hers, .of her. By her. Dat. - - - - Sa kaniya, para sa Her, to her, for her. kaniya. Akus. - - - Sa kaniya. Her. Ablat. - - - Sa kaniya. For her, to her, with her, of her, from her, etc.

{Sa hindi lalaki, di rin babai.)

Nom. Siya. ^ It. Genit. Kaniya, niya. Its, of it. By it.

Dat. - - - - Sa kaniya, para sa To it, for it. ^* kaniya.

Ahiis. - - - Sa kaniya. It. Ablat. - - - Sa kaniyii. For it, to it, with it, of it, from itj etc. —92—

Kariflgan. Plural. They. Norn. ' — Slid. theirs, of them. By them Oenit. - - - KaniU, niUi- Their, to them, for them. DaL - - - - Sa kanila, pard 8a Thfem, kanild*

Aku8. - - - Sa kanila. Them. Ablat. Sa kanila. For them, to them, with them, of them, from them etc.

Ak6 rfn. I myself. Ikaw rin, kayo rin. You yourself. Siya rin ng^. He himself; she herself. Tayo rin ng&; kamf nangA. We ourselves. Kayo rin. You yourselves. Sila nang&. They themselves.

m[(5a halipnamang pang-ukol og pang arl =possesslve pronouns.

Nbm. Ang akin'g lupMn.=Ang lupMn ko. My land. !Ng akin^g lupMn.=^Ng ]upt\in ko. 1 [Oi my land. Sa akin'g lupMn.=Sa lup^in ko. J

f Sa akin'g lupMn.:^^=:^^Sa lupain ko. To my land, Dat. i [ Para sa akin'g lupain,=::==Para sa lupain ko. For my land-

fSa akin'g lupain.=Sa lupMn ko. | Aku8. y t My land. ko. tNg akin'g lupMn. = NglupMn ) Bokat. Akin'g lup^in.=LupSin ko. My land.

Ahlat, Sa akin'g lupMn. ~Sa lupain ko. , For my land, with my land, etc. Ang akin'g mga lupain. My lands. Ang mga lupMn ko. Ang iyong aklat; ang inyong Your book. aklat. Ang aklat mo; ang aklat ninyo. Your book. —93-

Ang inyotig mga aklat. Your books. Ang mga akiat ninyo. Ang kaniyang panulat. {sa lalaki) His pen. Ang panulat niya.

A.ng kaniyang mga aklat His books. Ang kaniyang pany6. isn. habiii) Her handkerchief. Ang panyd niya. Ang mga pany6 niya. Her handkerchiefs. Ang kaniyang kal6. His hat.

Ang kaniyang say a. Her skirt. Ang atin'g banwa. Our country. Ang banwa natin. Ang amin'g bans&. Our nation. Ang bansd namin. Ang atin^g mga bahay. Our houses. Ang mga bahay natin. Sa inyong mga halaman. Sa m^a halaman To your plants.

. ninyo. Ang bandiU ng kanilang

bansd. Ang watawat The jflag of their nation. ng bansA nila.

8a kanilang mffa magulang. To their parents. Sa mga magulang nila f

MGA HALIPNAMANG PAMATLIG.=DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS.

Nam, - -.Ito... . '=^Yari. This. Genit.- - - Nito, dito sa. Nirf, dini sa. Of this. - Dat, - - - Dito sa. Dini sa. To this, for this. Aku8. - - Dito sa, nito. Dini sa, niri. This.

Ablat - - - Dini sa, Dini sa. For this, to this, with V, this, of this, from this, etc. —94—

Nom. lyan. That. Genit. Niyan, diyan, sa. Of that. Dai. Diyan sa. To that, for that. Akus. Diyan sa, niyan. That. AblH.' - - Diyan sa, niyan. For that, to that, with thi it, of that, from that etc. Nom. Yaon. = Iyon. That. Oenit. NiyacSn, doon sa. Niyon. Of that. Dat. - - - Doon sa. To that, for that. Akus.' - - Doon sa, niyaon. Niyon. That. Ablat. Doon sa. For that, to that, with that, of that, from that, etc.

Itong mga saniTgol. These babies. lyan'g mga bata. Those children. Yaon'g mga binata. Those young men. Sa taong iyan. To that man. Sa taon'g ito. In this year. Itong binibining ito. This Lady. Niyan 'g ginoong iyan. Of that gentleman. Doon sa talubatang ivon. To that young person. Ang mga ito. Thesel Ng mga iyan. Of those. 8a mga yaon. To those.

MGA HALIPNAMANG PANGKATUGON AT MGA TALABING. = RELATIVE PRONOUNS AND LIGAMEMTS.

Ang \)Siiiing naglalaro. The boy wJw plays (oris playing Ang ining yia kumakanta. The girl 2/;Ao sings (or is singing)* Ang a^ong tumatahol. The dog which barks. Ang alagad na bumabasa, The pupil i/ia^ reads; the pupil icho reads. Ang iiiong siin'sinta. The person who is loved; the be loved person. Ang bahay na nasunog. The house that was burned. Sabihin ainyoaa kanija, na ako'y Tell him that I came. naparito. Hindi totoo, aa kayo'y naparoon It is not true that you went to sa Kawit. Kawit. Tunay ban^ nag-aral kay(5 ng wi- Is it true that you have studied kang pilipinhin? the Philippine language. Taon^ mabait. Prudent man. -95-

Mabait na tao. Virtuous man. Ang Uion^g kasalukuyan. The present year. Bayari'(7 Filipino. Filipino People. BaiiwaMr; Pilipinhin, og Ban- Philippine Country.

wan g' Pi li pin ban. Kapuluari'fy Pilipiuhan. (K. P.) The Pliilippines. (P. I.)'

MGA HALIPNAMANG PANGTANONG.: .INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS.

Kasalny. Singular.

Nom, - - - Sino. Who. Genit,- - - Kanino, nino. Whose Of whom, by whom. Dat, " - - - Sa kanino., para To whom, for whom. kanino.

Ahus, - - - Sa kanino. Whom. Ablat," - - Sa kanino. For whom, to whom, with whom, of whom, from whom, etc.

Karifigan, Plural.

Norn. - " - Sinosino. Who.

Genit. - - - Kanikanino. Wliose. Dat. . . - - Sa kanikanino, To whom, for whom. para kanikanino. Al'us. - - - Sa kanikanino. Whom. Ablat, ,^ - - Sa kanikanino. For whom, to whom, with wliom, of whom, from whom, etc

Kasa lay. Singular,

Nam, - - - An6.=Ang ano. What. Genu,- - - Ng ano, sa an(). Of what. Dat, - - - - Sa ano, para sa an(5 To what, for what. Aku$. - - - Ng ano, sa anO. What, Ablat, - - - Sa anO, ng an6. For what, to what, with what, of what, from what, etc.

KariTigan, Plural. Novi, x\n6-an6.--Ang mga ano. What, Genit, Ngano-ano, saano-ano. Of what. =^Ng mga ano, sa mga ano. Dat, Sa mga ano, etc. To what, for what. Akns, Ng mga ano, sa mga What. ano, etc. -96—

Ablat. Sa mga ano, ng mga For what, to what, with what ano, etc, etc.

Kasalay, Singular.

Nam. Alin. = Ang alin. Which. Which one. Qenit. Ng alin, sa alin, Of which. Of which one. VaL Sa alin, para sa alin. To which, for which. To whicl one, for which one. Akus. Ng alin, sa alin. Which. blat. Sa alin, ng alin. For which, to which, from which, etc.

Karingan. Plural.

A.lIn-alin.=Ang mga alin. Which. Which ones. Ng alin-lin. Of which. Of which ones.

3a alin-alin. To which. To which ones. ,

MGA HALIPNAMANil HINDI TIYAK. -INDEFINITE PRONOUNS.

Nom. l8a. = Ang isa. A, an, one. Genit. Ng isa, sa isa. Of a, an, one. Dat. Sa isa, para sa isa. To a, ail, one; for a, an, one. Akns. Ng isa, sa isa, A, an, one. AhlaL Sa isa, ng isa. For a, an, onje; of a, an, one; from a, an, one; etc.

Itong isa. This one. Diyan sa isa. To that one; to that other. Doon sa isa. To that one of yonder place. Iba. Other. Isdng tao, isang iagy6. A certain person. Balang araw. Some day. Ang balang tao. Any man. ' Sa balang isil. To each one. Man. Even. Sinomiln. Any one, anybody, some on

XXI.

Isdng maikling talatingigan ng A short vocabulary c^ mga badya. verbs.

Abang: umabang, mag-abang, To let, to hire, to rent. abangan, iabang.

Abang: umabang, mag-abang, To wait for asking something. abang&n.

Abal: umabal, abalin. To occupy. Abala: umabala, abalahin. To bother; to occupy. Abuloy: umabuloy, abuluyan, To contribute, to help. iabuloy,

Abot: umabot, abutan, abutin. To overtake, to be overtaken. Ab6t: umab6t. To reach.

Abot: abutin. To get, to be got or gotten.

Akalft,: inag-akalJt, akal^in. To think. Aboy: mag-aboy, iaboy. To drive.

Ako: umakd, akiiin, To bail. Ak6, pangakd: mangakd, ipa- To promise. ngakd, pangakuan.

Akad, pangakad: mangakad. To hunt, to chase Akay: umakay, mag-akay, To guide, to lead. akayin.

Akay: mag-akay. To breed. Akd&: umakdfi, akd&in. To make, to do, to form.

AkdS,: tnag-akdd. To work.

' Akda: mangakdd. To act.

Akdas: umakdas, mag-akda^^, To practise. akdasfn. . .

-98—

Akiaa; inag-aklas. To strike.

A kusa : u makusa, ak usahan To accuf^e.

Akyat: iimakyat. To go up, to ascend, to dinib.

Adya : inag-adya, iady a. To save, to free from dangfM*.

7\dy(): uinadyo. To go up. Adhika: mag-adluka* To desire, to aim. Admiti: umadmiti, a

A gap: umagap. To anticipate, to advaru^r. Agaw: Uinagaw, agawin. To snatch.

Aiigat: arigatiii To lift up.

Ahit: umahit, abitan, ahilin. To sbavfi.

Ahit: mag-abit. To shave one's self.

Abon: iimabon. To go up hill.

Alioii: innabon. To land, to go on shore. Alaala: inag-alaala, alalabanin. To remember.

Alag^: inag-alag^,, ahig^an. To can;.

Alaala : ipaalaala. To rennu I. Alaala: mag-alaahi. Tod(».'!>L Alang-alang: maalang-aluiig, ka- Ton-jMd. alang-alanganaii.

Alig: maalig, aligin. To V I y to alter. A lam: makaalani, maalainan, To bi , ire. malaman.

Alani: umalaiu. To hi' u :trned.

Alam: makaalam, I inaalarnati og To hj) V to be acquainted with. nialaman.

Alarn alamin, To be arqnainted with. Alam paaldm : luagpaaUn To Uikv. leave. Alam makialam, pakialaman. To iMl^ rrene; to meddle with. . . . —99—

Alas: umalas, laag-alas, pag- To equalize, to lo^vel ; to aiiaich

nlasin. Alagata: mag-alagata, uinala- To procure, to try.

gata, alagatfiin.

Alirigasrigas : mag-alingasngas. To make noi{?e. Alinlangan: mag-alinlangan, To doubt. pag-alinlanganan.

Alipust&r umalipusta, niag- To despise.

alipustS , al pustdfn i

^ • Alipin: utrialipin , alipinin. To entslave. Alimura: nrnalimura, alirnu- To outrage. '

rah in

All's: umalis. To depart, to go away.

All's: mag-alis, alisirx» 'J^o take off.

Aliw: umaliw, all win. To console, to (H)mfort. Almusal: rnag-almasal. To breakfast. Alpas: m:ig-alpas, ajpastln, pa- To release. walan.

Amis: uinamis, amisiii. To oppnvss.

Ainbag: umamba!;, niag-amba?. To (*.ontribut(\ Amoy: umanuiy, ainuyin. To smell Amoy, pangamoy: mangamoy To smell.

Anak: mag-anak; maging anjik. To beget; to bear, to be begotten,

Anak: anakfn« To be adopted.

Anak, panganak: muiganak. To bear, to bring forth. Anak, panganak: ipanganak. To be born.

Annmanft og alumaua: mag- To mind, to care for, to esteem.

anumana, anumanahin, alu- maniahin.

AndukS,: mag-anduka, uman- To breed, to educate, to be bred,

(Inks, andukaln. to be educated. —100—

xingka,: umangkd, angkAin. To artogate, to appropriate to

one's S€^f. Angkin: umangkin, angkinin. To appropriate. Angkop: mag-angkop, angkupin, To compound, to compose; to pag-angkupin. enchase. Anib: umanib. To adhere.

Antay: mag-antay, antayin. To wait, to await, to expect.

Antabay: mag-antabay, antaba- To wait for, to expect. yanan.

Antig: umanCig, mag-antig, an- To agitate.

tigin.

Antilo: umantilo, antiluhin, ma- 'I'o understand, to be understood,

kaantilo, maantiluhan, maan- to be acquainted with, to b<>

tilo. informed. .

Anyaya% mag;anyaya, anyaya- To invite, to be invited. hanr

Ap6y: mag-apoy. To make fire.

*Ap6y: apuyan. To set fire to.

Api: umapi, apihin, To wrong, to offend, to grieve.

Apela : umapela: To appeal.

Aral: umaral. To teach, to educate, to instruct

Aral: iaral, aralan. To be taught, to be educated. to be instructed.

Aral: mag-aral, pag-aralan. To study. Aral: pag-aralan. To be studied.

Aral: magpaaral. To make (others) study. Aral, pangaral: mangaral ipa- To preach, to be preached ngaral, pangaralan.

Art: ariin, ipalagay. To consider.

Ari: nriag-ari. To appropiate anything to one's

self.

Art: mag- ari. To possess, to own, to hold. . .

-lOl-

Arimuh^n: mag-arimiahan, ari- To save, to be saved; to econo muhahfn. mize.

Aroj;: mag-arog, umarog. To, adopt. Arog: anigfn. To be adopted. Araro: mag-araro, araruhin To plow, to be plowed. Asa: umasa, asahan. To hope.

Aso, pangaso: mangaso. To hunt with a dog or dogs.

Asln: mag-asin, asnan. To salt, to be salted.

Asisti: umasisti, asistihan, To attend, to assist, to be at- tended, to be assisted.

Asugyd: umasugyo, mag-asugyo. To claim, to demand. Ataki: umataki, atakihin, To attack, to be attacked. piyapisin.

Atas: mag-atas, atasan, iatas. To appoint, to order, to ordaian to be appointed, to be ordered, to be ordained.

Atas: mag-atas, atasia, pag To divide, to part, to be divided

atasfn. into parts, to make parts.

Atim: umatim, atirnin, To suffer; .to tolerate, to be

tolerated.

Atd: umatd, raag-ato. To attempt, to try.

Awk: maaw^, kaawkan; ma- To pity, to be compassionate. habag, kahabagan.

Away: umaway, away in. To fight (one to other, not mutually)

Away : mag^away To fight, to quarrel (mutually)

Awat: umawat, awatin, To separate, to hinder, to im.

pede. <

Awas: mag-awas. To discount, to deduct.

Avvit: umawit, ku/nantfl, awitiii, To sing, to be sung. kantahln. . . . ;

— 102—

'Ayah: umayab, ayabin. To convoke.

Ayaw: nniayavv, ayavvan. To dislik(^ to n^fusi Ay aw: iiing-ayaw-ayjiw, pag-ayaw- To proportion, ayavvin.

Ayo: uniayo, ayuan, ayuin. To favor.

Ayon: umnyon, ayunan. To agree. Ayos?: niag-ayos, ajMisin. To regulate, to eompound; to rorrect. to arrange to order.

Ayos: umayos, maayos. To eonforni to.

Ayok: mag-ayok, ayukin. To consent, •

Aywan og ewan (ko). I don't know.

Agpis: n)ag-agpis, agpisin. To press, to he pressed.

A has : \\ m abas , a basi n To disapprove, to he disap-

. < proved; to reprove, to b»^ re-

proved.

Ang.kap: rn ig-angkip, iangkap. To ap plicate, to be applicated, t(^ apply, to be applied.

Ambil: mag-ambil, anibilin. To coinnieht, to he commented.

A mboy : mag- am boy To adjudge.

Amboy: umamboy, ambuy in. To appropriate toone's self. AfVtas: magantas, antasin, To graduate, to be graduated.

' antasan.

Asog: mag-asog, umasog, asu- To ^sterilize, to be eslerilized.

Babad: magbabud, ibabad. To soak; to steej).

Babag : magba bag To quarrel {two or more ;>f«?w>?/.s, mutuallp). .

loy— '

{iibag: bimiiibaK, bjibahagin. To quarrel (one to other).

[titbala : inagbabala. 1V> notify.

iakbak: iriagbakbak. To disjoin.

Biikbak : inagl)akbak, bakbakin. To ytrip off tlie bark ol: trees, el<".

lak()(i: luagbakod, bakiiran. To fence; to inclose. .^

adlis: binnadlis, badlisjiii, bad^- To draw lines; li» draw, to be

li.sin. drawn

Bagay: njabagay, bumagay. To suit, to fit.

{ago: magbago. To vary, to change.

lago: bimia^o, baguliiiK To modify, to ehatige.

Bangoii : biunangon. To rise, to get up.

angoiv : magbaiigon, ibangon, To raise.

Baluigi : magbahagi , bahagilnii To divide, to part. og bahaginiii.

liabagi, painabagi : inairialiagi, To distribute, to dispart. ipainahagi.

Rabin: niagbaliii). To sneeze.

Dahal^;: magbahala, To care. s. ,

tabal^, paiuabala : manialialil, To govern, to be governed: pamahalaaiK

Jala: luagbahi, To speak, to say; to accuse..

Bahiod: nuigbahiod. To proclaim.

iUlayag : magl)alaya.g, biunabi- To question repeatedly. yag, balayagin.

Balan^: niaghahina. To renew, to renovate; to reform

Balam: bumaJani, babuuiii. To detain.

Balangkas : magbalangkas, ba- To form, to be formed. langkasin.

Balk: magbala, pagbalaan. To threaten, to threat.

Balasa: magbalasa, raanialasa, To shuffle the cards. balasahin. . . ,

—104

BalG^t : magbalot, bal u ti n To wrap up, to inwrap. Balidya: magbalidya, bjilidyahin, To contract, to be contracted.

Baliga : magbaliga. To tell a story.

BaligyA: magbaligya, mamaligya, To trade, to traffic.

Baluktot: magbaluktot, l)aluk> To bend.

tutin.

Balik: magbalik, bumalik. To come back, to return. Balikloob: magbalikloob. To convert.

Banat: magbanat, banatin. To stretch, to lengthen; to adjust to extend.

Bantay: magbantay, bumantay, To guard, to watch ; to be bantayfin. watched.

Banglaw, anglaw: inagbanglaw, To rinse cloth anglawan.

Baon : magbaon , ban n i n To take provision ; to provide ar tides for a journey.

Baon: magbadn, ibaon. To burry, to be biirried. Baro: bumaro, magbaro, baru- To modernize. hln.

Ba?»a: bumasa, basahin. To read, to be read. Basa: magbasa, To read much. Basd: bumasd, magbasA, basfiin. To wet.

Basag: bumasag, basagin. To break, to be broken; to fracture, to be fractured.

Basag: raag basag, pagbasagfn, To break much, to be breaking Basbas: magbasba», basbasan. To bless, to consecrate.

Batak: bumatak, batakin, To pull; to attract. Bat^: niagbata, bathin. To suffer; to undergo troubles. Batid : bumatid , makabatid To understand, to perceive. mabatid, batdin. . .

—105-

To become accustomed, to take Baton : mabatu nan. the habit of.

Batyaj;: mamatyag, burriatyag, To be attentive, to mind, batyagin, batyagan.

Bati: bumatl, batiin; magbigay To greet, to salute. ng maligayang batL

Bavvat: magbavval, ipagbawal, To forbid, to be forbidden, to pro, pagbawahin. hibit. Bawas: magbawas, bawasan, To diminish, to subtract. bawasin.

Bayad: miigbayad, pagbayaran, To pay, to be paid, bayaran, ibayad. pounded. Bayo: magbayo, bayuhin. To pound, to be Bay bay: magbaybay, baybayin. To spell, to be spelt. Bawi: bumawi, bawiin. To retrieve a loss. Bawl: mngbawl, bawiin, To withdraw, to take. to be pronounced. Bigkas: bumigkas,. bigkasiu. To pronovmce, Bighaal: bumighanl bighanlin. To oblige, to compel To be obliged, to be competed Bighani : mabighani be disappointed Bigo: mibigd* To be lost; to to fail

be given. Bigay: magbigjiy, ibigay, bigyan. To give, to Bihag: bumihag, bihagin, To captivate. To be captivating. Bihag: mam i hag. to dress. Bihis: migbihis, bihisan To clothe, To reward, to recompense. Bihis: bumihis, . bihisin. Bilang: bumilang, bilangin To count. to be bought. Bill: bumili, bilhin. To buy,

sell, to be sold. Bill: magbili. ipagbili To

buying or purchasing. . Bill: mamili. To be much. Bill: magbibili To buy 106—

Bilin: rnagbilin. ipagbilin, pag- To charge, to request, to re-

bilinan. commend; to command; to bespeak.

Binyag: magbinyag, binyagan. To baptize.

Binyag : maminyag. To be baptizing. Bintaw: magbintaw, bumintaw To suspend. bintawin.

Bingbing: magbingbing, buming- To retain. bing, bingbingin.

Bitay: bumitay, magbitay, bi- To hang. tayin.

Bitay: bitay in. To be hanged.

Bit^w, butaw: magbitaw. mag- To loosen; to free, to release butaw, bitawan, butawan.

Bitiw: magbitiw (ng tungkol). To quit, to resign.

Bitin: magbitin, ibitin. To hang up, to be hung up.

Biyahi: magbiyahi. To travel ; to voyage.

Bilanggd: magbilanggd, ibi- To imprison, to be put in prison langg6, bilanggftin.

Bir6: bumird, birCiin. To jest, to hoax, to joke; to

I'! mock.

Bithay, bistay, ag-ag: magbis- To sift. tay, bistayin, ag-agin.

Boto, botos: bumoto, bumotos, To vote, to be voted. iboto, ibotos, botohan, botosan.

Buka: bumuka. To open.

Bukag: magbukas, buksan. To open, to be opened.

Bugbog: bumugbog, bugbugin. To bruise, to beat, to be beaten.

Bulaan: magbulaan. To lie.

Bulas: bumulas, bulasin. To scold.

Bulas: bumulas. To grow. I . .

—107—

Bulay: magbulaybulay, bulaybu- To bethink.

lay in.

Bulda; magbulda. To embroider.

Buli: bumili, bulihin. To burnish, to be burnished. Bunot: bumunot, bunutiii. To pull out, to pull up, Bun6: magbund, makipagbund. To struggle.

Buntal: magbuntal, bumuntal, To strike, to be struck buntalfn.

Buntong-hinin^^a; magbuntong- To sigh. hiningH.

Buntong-hiriinga: ipagbuntong- To sigh for hinina, pagl)untuhan'g-hini-

ng^.

Bunton: mag^uinton, ibunton, To pile, to be piled.

Bu6, bulk: magbu6. To make entire or integral, to form

Bu6, buft: bumu6, buAin. To compose, to be composed; to form, to be formed.

Bu6, buii: mamu6, mamu

Bura: bumura, burahin. To erase. Bura: burahin'g guhitan. To dash. Butas: bumutas, butasin, butasan. To pierce, to bore. Butawin: magbutawin. To disburse, to expend. Bub6: magbubd. To found, to cast, to melt. Bub6: magbubd, ibubd. To spill, to shed. Buhay: mabuhay. To live. Buhay na mag-uli: mabuhay To resuscitate, to revive* na mag-ull.

Buhay: buhayin, To resuscitate, to be resuscitated. Buhos: magbuhos, ibuhos. To spill, to shed, to be spilt, to be shed. 108—

Bnhos: ibnhos, biisan. To pour. Buwis: bum u wis. To pay taxes Bunsod: niMghunsocl (ng /To liiuncb. bangka), ibunsocK

Kigjit: kuma

Kab.i: kum;ibt\ arig dibUb. To i)alpitate.

Kabit: u)a4:kabit/ kurnabit, ika- To fasten, to bc^ fastened; to at

bit, kabiuin. tach, to be attached.

K«big: kunialiig, kahiglu. To scratch, to scrape.

Kal i^; kumalag, magkalag, To untie, to loosen. kalagin.

Kali

sala dp' dusa, abisulbiban, pawalanV^

Kalakal, pangalakal: manga- To trade, to traflic. lakal.

KaWs :kuma]^s, magkalas, ka- To loosen, to untie; to unfoli.

lasia. to expand; to unweave, to

ravel ; to break the promise.

Ivalat: magkalat, kiimalat, ro spread. ikalat.

Kal^^a: luagkalga, kalgahfin. To load. Kalinga; kuinalingji, kaling^in. To heed.

Ivalkula: kuirialkulrt, To calculate; to reckon.

kallvulabii).

Kaloob; magkalc5ob, ipagkaloob, To grant, to concede.

Kain; kmniiiu, kuiniu og kanin. To eat, to be eaten; to dine.

Kain; rnngpakain, pikanin. To fi ed, to be fed.

Kalog; kumalog, kalugiii. To stir. ;

•109—

ICailangan; mangailangaii, To need, to want, to be wanted, kjiilanganhi. to be needed.

Kanloiig: kiuuanlong, To slielter one's self. inanganlong.

Kaalong: inagkaiilong. kanlu- To shelter, to cover. ngan, ikanlong.

Kamot; kutnamot, kamutia. To scratch, to claw.

ICabipf.arig; kumabig, kabigin To a tract.

uni:irig, arigiiv.

Kadlit; kiunadlit, kadlitan. To scarify. ICt!u)C);): la i^kiliij!c>p, kahip- Tv>eachi^e, kupaii.

Kandili: kiimandili, magkandili, To protect. kandilihiii.

ICaiHit: luagkamit, karvitam. To get, to acquire; to attain; to

succeed in; to be got or gotten

Kanti, avsrit: kiimanta magkan- To sing, to be sung. ta, kantabfn, uinawit, awitin.

Kaon: kiimaon, kaimin. To call, to invite.

ICapit: kuiiia[)it, To cling; to grasp; to hold. Ivnpon, bating: kumapon, bu- To geld, to castrate. mating, kapnnin, batingin.

Kasal: rnagkasil, kasalin, ikasaL To marry.

Kasll: pakasal; mag-asawa. To get married, tp marry.

ICaskas : k n rnaskas, kaskasin To 8C rape, to scrape out; to magkaskas. rub.

Katig: kumatig, kaligan. To favor, to protect, to second,

to patronize I

Katog: kumatog, katugfn. To knock.

ICayag: kuniayag, kayagin, ma- To summon» to call to a meet- n^ayag. ing (Sp., muflir). . ,

—110-

Kayam: kumayarn, kayHmin. To convince.

Kayarifi : inakayam To be convinced.

Katiwal^: magkatiwala, ipagka- To triKst in, to confide. tiwal^, pagkatiwalaan.

KibA: kumibd. To move; to mumble. Kib6: huwag kun)ib6. To be quiet.

Kikil: kumikil, magkikil, To file. kikilin.

Kilos: kumilos, kilusin. To move, to be moved.

Kiling; kumiling. To be inclined, to incline.

Kiling; ikiling. To incline, to be inclined.

KinAng; kuminang. a To glitter.

Kinain, panginain : manginain, To graxe, to pasture.

Kilala: kumilala, k.ilalanin. To recognize.

Kilala; makakilala, makilala, To know, to be known. Kilala: mangilala. To be recognizing.

Kilala: magkilala. To recognize each other.

Kilala: magkakilala. To be acquainted with one another.

Kilala: kumilala ng utarg Da To acknowledge. 16ob.

Kita: makakita, makita. To see, to be seen.

Kita: kumita, kitain. To look for.

Kongkista : kumongk ista To conquer. kongkietahin.

Kongkista: mangongkifita. To go conquering.

Kuderno: magkuderno, mag- To bind books. balat ng aklat.

Kulang: magkulang, To be short. iCulang: rnagkulang sa, sumala To fail. "111-

Kul6: kumul6, To boil. Kuld: magpakul6, pakulilin. To boil. turnpisal: magkumpisal. To confess tbe sins. Cumpisal: kumpisalin. To confess. Kumpuni: magkumpuiif, kum- To mend, to repair, to compose. punihin.

Cuba: kumuha, kuhania og To take, to be taken. kunin,

Cuba: manguba, pangunin. To be taking.

LnhsLi makakuba, makuha- To able to take, can take. Cunot, kubot: magkunot, To plait. raagkubot.

Curibi: magkurihi, kumuribi. To correct.

Curibi: kuriban, kuribin. To be corrected. Cuwenta: magkuwenta, kumu- To account. wenta, kuwentabfn.

Cumpil: magkumpil, kumurnpil, To confirm, to be confirmed. kumpilan.

Kurot: kumurot, kurutfa. To pincb.

Ku&kos, kus6t: magkus^kos, kii- To perfricate. muskos, magkusot, kus- kusin.

Kuy6m, kuyunopis, kuluntoy: To shrink. manguydm, manguyumpis, munguluntoy

Dakilk; magpadakild, padaki- To aggrandize.

lain.

Dagan: magdagan, daganfin, To burden, to press. idag^n. .

—112-

Dagfs: dumagis, rnagdagfs, To outbid. idagis.

Dala: magdala room, dalhindoon, To take, to be taken ; to carry

Dala: dalhan. To be given, to be carried to»

Dala: magdala rito, dalhin dito. To bring, to be brougbt.

Dala: magdala. To fetch, to bear.

Dala: padala, magpadala. To send, to have anything sen or brought.

Dala: ipadala, padalhia. To be sent.

Dala: dumala, dalahin. To fibh with net data. Dala: mangdala. To go fishing with net dala. Dala: dalain. To correct severely, to be warnec by sad experience.

Dala: madalil. To be warned by sad experience

Dall: daliin, dalidaliin, To accelerate, to hasten, to forward.

Dali: magdumali, raagmadali To accelerate, to haste or hasten Dama: diimama damahin oq To couch with hands; to touch

damhin. or feel.

Dalaw: dumalaw, dalawin To visits

Damdarn : magdamdam, To feel. ^ dumamdam.

Daindam: magdamdarn, To regret; to resent. Dainbong: dumambong, darnbu- To rub. ngin, mangd.imbong.

Damdam : magdaindam To be moved, to l)e affected.

Daindam: magdamdarn» To be isorry. damdamin.

D.ilom: magdalora, idaldm To complain before a judge, t

dalumin* demand justice.

Dahrts: dumahds, dahasfn To take by force, to force.

Daig: magdaig, daigin. To fumigate, to steam. — 113 '

Dafg: dumaig, daigfn. To vanquish, to overcome; to surpass.

Dafg: manaig. To prevail. Danas: magdanas, damanas, To experience, to be danasan, danasin. experienced.

Danas: makaranas, maranasan. To experience, can experience. Daing: darnafng, maghinanaklt. To complaiu. Daan: damaan, magdaan. To pass» Daan: makaraan. Can pass, or be able to pass. Dakip: damakip, dakpin. To seize, to catch, to apprehend

Dait: damaft, idalt, magdalt. To join.

Daiti: dumaiti, idaiti, magdaiti. To join.

Dagilap: magdagilap, To reflect the rays of light.

duraagilap. -

Dalangin: damalangin, dala- To pray, to implore. nginin, lalangiiian.

Dalangin: idalangin. To pray for.

Dalangin, panalangin: manala- To pray; to make an orison, a ngin. prayer or supplication.

DalubasJl: magdalubaB^, daluba* To interpret, to be interpreted.

eiin, dalubasJtan.

Dasal: raagdasal, dasalin. To pray.

Daski: ipagdasal, To pray for.

Dasital: magdasital, dasitalin. To recite, to be recited. Dapat: m^rapat, To become worthiy; to deserve;

\ to be right.

Dapat. Shall, should; ought to. Dapat, kailangan. Must. Daos: magdaos, dauRin, iraos. To hold, to be held; to realize;

to take place.

Daw Oflf raw, diuman6, dikuno. It is said, they say. umano. -114—

DayJi: magday^, dumayJi, To deceive, to cheat. dnykin.

DayA: manp:dayA., To be deceiving, or be cheating-

Dikit: m.igdikit, dumikit, idikit, To stick, to join. diktan.

Dikit: magdikit ng apcSy. To kindle. Digma: diimigma, dignmin. To war, to fight, to combat. Digmi: raagdigma, magdig- To war, to fight, to combat, maan.

Dikdik: dumikdik, magdikdik, To pound, to grind. dikdikin.

Dikta: inagdikta, idikta* To dictate. Dilim: durnilim, magdilirn. To darken, to grow dark.

Diliin: padiliniin. To darken*

Dilig: magdilig, diligfn. To water, to irrigate. Dim lim, panimdim: manim- To think, to imagine. dim, panimdimiii.

Dito: parito, pumarito. To come, to come here Dito: duinito. To Htay here. Dibuho: inagdibuho. To draw.

Dispensa: magdispensa, dis- To excnso. pensahin.

Diwaiig: magdiwang, ipag- To celebrate, to hold a festivity, diwang to entertain.

Doon: paroon, piimaroon. To go, to go there.

Doon, kiroia: migkaroon. To h ive, to gt^t. Dooa: diimoon. To stay there.

Dulot: raagdulot, idulot, To g've, to serve; to be given,

dulutan. to brt served.

Durigia: duraungis, raagdungis, To stain. dungisan.

Dun^is: marungisan. To be stained. :

—115—

Duroe:: magdurog, dumurog, du- To crnmble; to break; to pound, rugin.

Ousa: magdusa* To PufTer pain because of guilt; to suffer punishment; to suffer pain.

Ousa, parusa: magparusa. To puniah. Dusa, parusa: paruaaban. To be punished. Dispatsa: magdispatsa, dispatsa- tTo dispatch, hin.

Embargo: nrnembqrgo, mig-em- To di?^train, to embargo, to seize. bargo, embarguhfn.

Emigril: umemigra. Ta emigrate.

Bmpaki: mag-empaki. T*> patch up in cheats; to wrap up in hide.^ or skins.

Enrkinto: umen?'cinto, engVan- To enchant, to fascinate, tuhfn.

Etigkanto: raaengkanto. To be enchanted, to be fasci- nated.

][Srgo: umergo, erguhfn. To argue.

Gakla: gumakla. To surpr'f^e. Gakia: magakla. To be surprised Ga^jM: gumagid, gagarfn. To imitate.

Giga, u;ahis: gumaga, gumahfs, To violate. gsigahin, gahisih.

GaUw: gumalafir, galawfn. To move. Galing: manggaling. To come frpm. Galing: gumaling. To recover from a disease or calamity; to improve, to grow better. 116^

Galing: magpagaling, pagalingfn. To improve; to heal, to cure. Galing: mapakagaling. To attain salvation. Galang: gumalang, igalang. To revere, to respect.

G-alit: magalit, kagalitao. To grow angry, to be angry. Galit: gumalit, galitin. To vex, to irritate, to make angry Gamlang: maggarnlang, raang- To be engaged in an industry. garnlang.

(lamjiy: maggam^y, guraamay. To work in an office, to be en- manggamay. gaged in a trade.

CxambalJt: gumanbal^, To hinder, to obstruct; to dift- gambalain. turb, to perturb. Gamd: maggama, gumama, To produce. Gamit: gumamit, gamitin, To use, to be used, to be applied. Gamot: gumamot. gumutin. To cure.

Gamot: maggamot. To cure one^s self.

Gamot: magpagamdt. To have - - - cured. Gana: gumaiia, ganahin. To gain, to earn. Ganap: guinan^p, ganapin. To execute; to tiischarge, to f>erform; to accomplish, to be accomplished.

Gan4p: magandp. To be accomplished. Ganti: gumanti, guraanting- To reward, ts recompense.

paid..

Garanti: gumaranti, garantihin. To guarantee. Gasta, gugol: gumasta, gumugol, To spend, to expend, to be spent. m>iggasta, mag-gugol; gasta- hin, gugulin. Gaod: gumaod, eumagwan. To row. Gasta, gugol: magkagasta, To have expenses; to pay the magkugugol. cost, to bear all charges. Gatas: gumatas, gatasan. To milk. GawS,: gumawA, gawfn. To make, to do, to work; to be made, to be done. -117—

(lawA: magpagawa, ipagawsL. To have - - - made.

Uaw4: pagawfn. To make - - - work. (lawa: maggawA,, Tnanggttw&. To work.

Gay a; gumaya, gayahan, To imitate. Qfnya: gayahin. To copy, to be copied.

(libA: gumibS, uibaln. To demolish, to destroy. Giba: maggiba. To demolish many things.

Gibsl: rnanggiba. To be demolishing. Giba: magibd. To be demolished- Giling: guwiikig, gilingin. To grind, to be ground.

Giliw: gamiliw, giliwia. To love; to sympathize, to remember lovingly.

Gilalas: manggilalas. To wonder.

Gigil: manggigil. To rage.

Gitla: gumitla, gitlahin. To frighten, to surprise.

Gitla: magitla. To be frightened^ to be surprised. Giging: gumising, gisingin. To wake. Gising: migising, gumising. To awake.

Gisi: gumisl, gislin, To rend, to be rent.

Gulat: gulatin. To startle.

Gulat: mdgulat. To be fetartled. Gulong: gumulong. To roll.

Gulong: pagulungin. To roll, to make it roll.

Gulo: gumulo, guluhln. To embroil, to confound, to in- volve in differences.

Gulo: magkagalo. To have trouble, to be in trouble. Gulo: manggulo. To disturb. Gulpi: gumnlpi, gulpihfn. To hit, to beat, to strike, to be hit, to be beaten, to be struck.

Guptt: gumupit, manggupft gu- To cut with I the scissors, to cut pitin. the hair.

Crupit: magpagupit. To have one^s hair cut. Gusto: gumusto, gustuhin. To like. .

"118—

G (NG)

Ngahas, pangahas: mangahjis. To dare. Ngalan: magngalan, ngalanan. To denominate, to give a name,

to bear such a name, to b( named.

Ngalay: mangalay. To be tired. N>alit: magngalit, To get very angry, making noisi with the teeth.

Ngalitagit: magngtlitngit, To creak Ngainba, paii^ambi: maiigaiiiba. To starle; to fear; to be in dangor N;anL^^: rigumaag^, To chew betel.

NgangSt: ugang^iii. Tt> chew the betel.

Ni^anib, paaganib; manganib. To Ue in danger, to risk, to peril, Ngata: ngurnata, ngatafn. To masticate, to be masticated.

Nginig: manginig. To tremble, :o quake, to shaki

with fear.

N^ilin,pangilin: maagilia. To ab4ain, to forbear.

N^atngat: ngumatngat» Tt> gnaw.

magiigatagat, iigatii(:atin. Ngiti: ugumitt. To smile.

Ngitt: ngitian. To smile at.

Ngitngit: magagitngit. To get angry; to darken. Ngiyaw: nguiniyaw, To mew.

Njii^aw: pangiyawin. To make it mew.

Nguy&: ngumuya, nguyftin. To chew, to masticate.

Habilin: maghabilin, ihabilin. To recommend; to deliver.

Hab^: humabk. To become long. '

-119-

Knhh: maghab^. To lengthen. Habi: numabi, habihia. To weave, to be woven.

Hibol: huuiabol, habiilin. To ru I after; to claim. Habla: raaghabla, ihabla. To complain before a judge; to accuse.

Habag: mahabag, kahahagan. To pity, to be compassionate. Hak^: inaghaka, hakain, To form an opinion; to think; to imagine.

Hakbang: humakbang, To Rtep. Higis: humagis, rnaghagis, To thrown, to be thrown. hagisin, ihagis.

H:igidhid: humagidhid, To absorb, to be absorbed. hagidhirfn,

Hagad: hamagad, hagarin. To run after the other to overtake him; to run after him. Hagod: humagod, hagnrin. To stroke gently. Han:>d: hiimango, raaghingd, To extract, to remove, to take, hanguiii. to be removed, to be taken.

Hang^: humanp;Sl, hangJlan. To acimirf^, to be admired. Halag^: inau;kahalaga. To cost. Halaga: iriaghalaga, hilagiihan. To appraise, to be apprased.

HaUl: maghalal, ihaMl. To elect, to nominate; to be elected.

Halang: maghalang, ihalang. To hiy something athwart a place; to cross, to be crossed.

Halat^: humalatft, halatAin. To conjeture by signs; to deduce, to infer.

Halat4: makahalatft, mahalati. Can conjeture, can deduce, can

infer; c^an notice, can be noticed.

Halinghing: huraalinghing. To neigh. -120—

Hald: maghald, ihald. To mix, to mingle.

Hald: humal6, halCiin. To stir. Hali-ka, half-kayo, Come.

Halili: humiilili, halinhan. To relieve, to succeed, to be sue. ceeded.

Halina: huraalina, halinahin. To attract (morally). Halilagyd: huixialilagyd, maha To resemble other person.

lilagy6.

Halik: humalik, halikiAn og To kiss» to be kissed. hagkan.

Hamak: humamak, haraakin. To contemn, to underrate, tour\ dervalue; to be contemned.

Flamat: maghamat, hamatia, To amend, to be amended. Hamok: maghamok. To fight a duel. Qamon: humamon, hamunin To dare. Hamon: maghamon, To be daring. Harait: magharait, hamitin. To reduce, to be reduced. Hambing: maghambing, To compare, to be compared ihambing.

Harnb6: maghambd, hambAin. To naturalize, to be naturalized.

Harida: mf^ghaiuid, ihanda. To get ready, to prepare ; to bit prepared.

Hands.; magpahand4. Order to prepare.

Handog, alay: maghandog, inag To offer, to be offered.

alay; ihandog, iaiay.

Handiilong: huraandulong, To advance, to attack. handulungin.

Hanap: humanap, hanapin To seek, to look for.

Hapis: humapis» hapisin. Te afflict, to be afflicted.

Hapis: mahapis. To lament, to languish, to grieve

to grow sad. .

— 121—

Hapay: maghapay, ihapay. To demolish, to ruin, to pull

down, to bring to the ground,

to fell.

Hapay: humapay. To descend, to Btoop.

Hapay: mahapay. To fall. Hapon: humapon, og kumain To sup, to take one's supper. ng hapunan.

Harang: humarang, harangin. To intercept; to detain, to be de- tained by highwaymen.

Harang: mangharang. To plunder, to assault. llarap: hiimarap. To present one's self, to appear

before, to report,

IlarSp: magharap, ihanip. Vo present, to be presented. ITari: majuhari. To reign, to predominate.

Hasil: maghasa, ihasa. To whet, to sharpen.

Hasik: maghasik, ihasik. To sow, to scatter. Hawak: maghawak, humawuk, To hold, to be held. hawakan.

Halak: maghatiik. To exercise physically. llatag: raaghatag, ihatag, ha^ To deliver, to be delivered. tagan.

Hatag: liumatag. To deliver one's self up into the hands of another; to give

one's self up.

Hatid: maghatid, ihatid. To conduct, to carry, to convoy;

to take ; to a.ccompany, to lead

Hati: iifiaghati, hatiin, paghatiin. To divide into two equal parts.

Hatol: humatol, hatulan, ihatol. To sentence; tp judge; to advise,

to be advised,

Hayuma: maghayuma, hayuma- To mend the net. bin. 122-

Hersigyo: maghersisyo. To exercise physically, to exercise in military training.

Hiiito: huinintd. To rest, to stop.

PTil>ik: hinnibik. To sob, to groan.

Hilcah: ma<^liikiib, hvunikab. To gape, to yawn.

Hig^: humigfi, inahigA. To lie down. Higop: hurnigop, higupin. To sip the broth.

Hihip: humihip, hipaii. To blow, to be blown. Hingal: huriiingal. To pant.

Higit: hiiniigit, hi^itfi». To pull, to draw. Higit: humigit. To be over and above. Hilik: humilik. To snore.

Higid: humigid, higirin. To attract, to be attracted. Hila: hiimila, hilahin. To pull; to tow.

Haging: humaging. To buzz, to hum.

Hiling: hnmiling, hilingin, To request, to be requested. hilingan.

Hiniawll: humimawS, himaw&.in. To injure, to be injured.

Himagsik: munghimagsik- To revolt.

Hiaod: humimod. To lick. Minali: maghinalli, paghina- To suspect, to be suspected. lian,

Hip6: humipo, hipiiin. To touch.

Higpit: maghigpit. To pi ess.

Hinanaklt; maghinanakit, pag- To complain of friendv^?. hinanaktan

Hinaing: manghinaing. To implore. Hinang: maghinang, hinangin, To solder, to be soldered. hinangan.

Hingl: humingi, hingin. To ask, to petition. Hinap: maghinap, hinapan. To stain. Himanhiman: maghimanhiman, To mitigate. himanhimanin. .

-123-

Ilinagpis: maghinagpis. To be anguished.

Hull; ipagpahiilf, ipahiili. To postpone; to be postponed

Hull: inahuli. To come late. Hipig: mahipig. To congeal, to concrete by cold. Hiram: humiram, hiramin. To borrow.

Hiram: niagpahir^im, pahiramin To lend, to be lent. ipahiraiu.

Hitit; humitit. To smoke.

\i\wk: hurniwa, maghiwa. To slice; to cut in slices; to hiw^in. wound, to be wounded.

HiyA: hurniya, hiyfiin. To shamo, to abash, to confound.

Iliya: mahiyA. To be ashamed.

Hiyavv: himiyaw. To cry out, to exclaim, to shout.

Hira.la: maghirala, hiralain To disappoint. Hiral^: mahiral^. To be disappointed. Hiwal^: huiniwala, maghiwala. To be absent.

H u bjid : mag h u bad To undress. Hubad: hubaran. To undress, to be undressed; to denude, to be denudt^d.

Ilubo: maghnbo. To undress.

Hulk: humula, bulaan To foretell

Huni: humuni. (Let the biixl) sing.

Hu!og: mahulog. To fall.

Hulog: maghulog, ihulo:^. To throw, to drop, to make it,

fall.

Hulog: maghulog sa ibang wika, To translate. ihulog.

Hukay: humukay, hukayiu. To dig, to excavate.

Hukay: manghukay. 1\> V)e digging.

Hull: humuli, hulihiu. To catch, to eeize; to be caught. Hull; manghuli. To go catching. Hintay: maghir^tay, hintaylru To await. 124—

Hipnd: maghipnd, humipno, To translate from one language

hipniiin, ihipn6, to another, to be tranajateii-

Hull: m^huli. To remain behind.

Hugpong: maghugpong, i hug- To joint. pong, hngpnngan.

Hulip: humulip, manghulip, hu- To repair, to be repaired. lipan.

Halo: humul6, huluin. To deduce,, to infer. Hukom: humukom, hukuman, To judge, to be judged. Hutok: humiitok, hutukin. To bend, to be bent. Husay: maghusay, husayin. To arrange, to order, to regul-

ate, to correct.

Ibig, loob, Will.

Ibig: umibig, ibigin, To like, to loved, to bo liked. rbig: mag-ibigan. To like each other., to love one another.

Tngli: makaingli, magbigay To affect.

balisa, makabakla.

Ingli: maingli, mabalisa, ma- To be affected. bakla.

Ihaw. To roast, to broil. [h): umihh To urine, to make water.

Hag: umilagt i lagan. To avoid; to shun.

Haw: umilaw, mag ilaw, ilawari. To light.

Hit: umilit, ilitin. To distrain, to seize, to be dis- trained.

Ingat: umingat, mag-ingat. To keep; to \;^e cautious.

Init: mag-init. To heat, to warm. h\6: umind, inuhin. To notice.

I nog: magpainog, painugin. To s])in. .

— 125-

Inis: uminfs, inisiru To choke, to drown, to be choked.

lasayo: mag-insayo, insayuhirr 'J'o train one's self, to assay, •

Inom: uminom, irmmfii. To drink, to be drunk.

Isda: mangisdA,. To fish, to catch iisli.

Isip: mag-isip, umisip, isipin. To think, to intend, to consider to mind.

IpOfi: mag-ipon, ipuriin. To gather, to collect. ftiin: magpaitfm, paitiiuir) To blacken.

Itirri: umitiin. To become black.

Irog: urriirog. To love, to fondle.

Twaru To leave; to forsake; to quit.

I wan: rnaiwan. To remain.

Laan: maglaan, ilaan, To get ready, to provide, to prepare.

Laan: lurnaan. To get ready, to be prepared. liaba: maglaba, labhati. To wash, to launder.

La has: lumabas, 1'o go out.

Labas: magi abas, ilabas. To extract, to remove, to take out.

Labas: magpalabaa, To show.

.abag:. lumabag, labagin. To violate, to infringe.

Laban: lumaban, labaaai), To resist; to fight; to contravene

Laban: maglaban. To fight, to contest.

Lakip: maglakip, paglakipin. To join, to unite.

Li kip: lumakip. To associate.

Lakip; ilakip. To enclose, to be enclosed Fjabra: maglabra, labrahin. To work the wood, to cut the wood.

Lakf; lumakf, To grow. Laki: magpalakf, lakhan To increase; to enlarge. LagJi: rnaglagSt, ilag^. To boil meat or roots. .

126-

Lagay: maglagay, ilagay. To put, to place, to set, to lai Lagas: malagas. To fall (s'peaking about (he lea

ves of ireefi.)

Lakad: lumakad. To walk, to go. Lakad: maglakad. To walk inuch. Lakad: lakaran. To walk where.

Lakad: lakarin. Fo j;() for, Ligak: maglagak, ilagak. Vo deposit; to repose. Lagadlad: raaglagadlad, lagad- To develop.

lariii, lumagadlad.

Laganap: maglagariap, ilaganap, To spread, to propagate. lumaganap,

Lagda, pilma; lumagda, pumil- To sign, to subs(5ribe ma, lagdAan, pilmahaii.

Laklak: lumaklak. To lap.

Lagos: maglagos, lumagofi. To pai-s. Lagari: maglagari, lumagari, To saw, to be sawed. lagariin.

Lagi: lumagi. To endure, to last.

Lanaw, sayat; rnaglanaw, mag- To explore, to be explored. nay at, lanawin, sayatfn.

Lagilang lumagilang, lagilangin To defeat, to be defeated; t( destroy health or fortune.

Lait: lumait, laitin. To insult, to be insulted.

Lamas: lumamas, lamasin. To handle, to touch, to U touched.

Lamas: maglamas* To touch much, to be t()U(*hing

Lamas: maglamas, To attack each other, to figlit.

Lapat: maglapat, ilapat. To adjust, to be adjusted

Lambal: maglamV^al, lambalin, To double, to be doubled. paglambaHn,

Lamig: magpalamfg, palamigin. To cooL to be cooled. .

127-

[jfimig: lumanilg. To cool, to become cool.

Ijahid; maglahid, lahiran, ilahid. To anoint, to be anointed.

Lamay: maglamay, To wake, to watch.

Laguplop: lumagiiplop, lagup- To roll up; to carry off; to def-

lupin. eat; to absorb, to be absorbed.

Lamon: lumamon, lamunin. To swallow, to be swallowed.

Lapit: luraapit. To approach, to come near.

Lapit: maglapit, ilapit. To put it near, to have it near. Lapit: rnaglapit. To approach each other.

F/arnbot: lumainbot. To become soft.

Lambot: rnagpalatnb )t, pilam- To soften, to mollify. butin

Langap, langhap: lumangap, la- To breathe in. ngapin.

Lalang; lurnalaiig, lalangdi. To invent; to institute, to be

instituted. Lanjioy: luniangoy. To swim.

Lariii: maglarin, larinin. To amend; to mend; to compound.

Lar6; niaglaro. To play, to sport, to game.

Lay^: magpalay^, palay^in. To free, to liberate.

fvaya: luma}^^. To be free.

Layag: hunayag, niaglayag. To sail, to navigate.

Layon: maglayon, layunin. To long, to aim. Ijibak; lumibak, libakin. To mock.

Fjibang: lumibang, libangin. To divert ; to amuse ; to entertain.

Li bang, limbang; maglibang, To amuse one'g self. niaglimbang.

Li ban: iliban, ilipat. To transfer. < Likd: malik6. To be curved.

Lik6: likMn. To make it crooked, to crook.

Libfng: maglibing, ilibing. To bury. 12

Likmo' maglikmf), ilikrno. To seat.

Likha: lumikhA., likh^in, ma^;- To (rreat.

likha.

Ligalig: lumigalig, lisaligin. To trouble.

Ligtas: magligtas, iligtas. To free, to save, to be saved. Lingap: lumingap, lingapin. To favor, to be favored.

Lihi: rnuglihi. To conceive.

Tiihi: ipaglilii. To be conceived. Lingkod: maglingkod. To serve. Lingkod: paglingknran. To be served.

Lilis: nmglilis, ililis, lilLsin. To tuck up, to tuck, to be tucked. Ligaw: lumigaw, ligawan. To court, to love. Ligaw: maligaw. To go astray. Ligo: maligo. To take a bath, to bathe.

Ligo: magpaligo, paligi'ian. To bathe, to be bathed.

Liittbag: magpalimbag, liniba- To print, to be printed; togtaiup,

gin, ilimbag. to be stamped.

Limi: magliini, Uimihiii. To discuss, to be discussed.

Lilo: maglilo. To do treason; to be uagrateful;

to betray.

Lil6: maglil6, Iiirinilo, lilOin. To falsify, to forge.

Linang: maglinarig, linangfn. To cultivate, to be cultivated.

Liiiis maglinis, lumiriis, linisin. To clean, to oleaiLse.

Lipj4d; lumipad. To fly.

Lining: maglining, iumining, To investigate, to be investigated. liningin.

Lirip: lumirip, liripin. To conceive; to cowiprehend, to understand.

Liyag: lumiyag, liyagin. To love, to be loved. Linas: luminaB, nriaglinaa, To exploit, to be exploited. linaein.

Lihis: lumihiH, To deviate. •129-

Linlaiig: luiruuhnig, linlangin. To divert from the right way. [jipad: lumipad. To fly. fjiinot: lumitnot, limutin, rna- To forget, to be forgotten, can kalimot, malimutan. be forgotten. Li wall w: tnagliwaliw. To take vacation. Lisan: lumisaii, maglisan, To oniit, to leave. lisanin. Lingo: luiningo, niagliiig<>, To mnrder, to aBi^aesinate. linguhin.

Lihain: luiniham. To write a letter. Liham: inaglihamaii. To correspond by letters. Lubos: lubuHin, To complete, to be completed. Lubag: inaglubag, lubagin, To lower the sails ilnbag. Lubog: lu mil bog. To sink.

Lubog: linnubog ( mg adlaw.) To Mt. Lubalob: maL-lubalob, To wallow. Iviiblob: !naglubl(>l), ilublob. To wallow. Luklok: hirnuklok. To sit on the chair or throne. L\iks(K lurnnkso. To jump; to hop.

Luh()(] : III nuhod. To kneel. Liiiiijgati; rnagliuii;g:Lti, To tnake eff rts

[iUg() i : ina'viliigod. To congratulate. r^iig6(l: rnalug6(i. To rejoice. Ijiigod: inakalugtuL To make merry, to gladden. Lugi'xl; paliiguran, prtinigan, To comply, to please. Lulon: inHgliilon, liilunin. To roll up. Liiglog: liirniigiog, lii^lugin. To shake. fiUH()k: liimunok, luruikin. To swallow, U) be swallowed. Liinsad: lunaunsad. To alight from Lunod: luaglunod, liitminod. To drown; to choke. r^unod: main nod. To be drowned. Lnrnay, Inbay: Inmnmay, In- To relent. miibay.

Liinis: lufnimMtt, lun.'ihiHu, mag- To remedy. lunas.

Liipig: Inmiipig, Inpigin, To rob, to ransack, to enslave. Lnra: InmnrA. To spit. —130-

Lusong: liimusong. To descend, to come down, to go

.. down.

Lilian: lumulan. To embark. Lulaa: maglulan, lulanan. To load. Liisaw: maglusaw, lusawin. To dissolv3. Lusob: lumusob, lusubin. To invade, to be invaded. Lutang: lumutang. To float. Lutas: lumutas, lutasin. To resolve, to be resolved. Lutas: lumutas, lutasin. To conclude. Luto: mai^lutd, lutilin. To cook, to dress victuals. Lupi: lumupi, luptin. To fold, to be folded. Luvvalhati: lumuwalhati. To enjoy glory or beatitude. Luwalhati: mauluwalhati. To rejoice. Luwalhati: magpaluwalhati. To glorify. M

Madall: magmadali. To hasten. Magd, paga: mamagA. To swell. Maging. To be, to become. Mahal: magmahal, mahalin. To esteeii., CO be esteemed. Mahal: rnagpamahal, pamahalin, To r^nse the price. mahalan. Mahal: mamahal. To become dear. Mali: magkamall. To be mistaken. Malas: magmalas, malasin. To ol)serve, to notice, to behold. Malasmas: magmalasmas, malas- To perceive, to be perceived. masin. Mana: magmana, manahin, To inherit, to heir.

Man s, ban<4s: mamanas. To be swollen, to be inflated. Manda: magmanda, mandahan. To command. (ang mga sundalo.)

Maneho, makaalam : magmaneho, To manage. magmakaalam. Mangha: mamangha, To be seized with admiration; to wonder at. MasamA: masam&in. To take amiss. -131— iMangyari, maari, maka. Can, may. Mangyari, To happen. MantalS.: manfcal&in, mantan^in, To review, to be reviewed. Marapatin. Please. Masakit, malasakit: magmala- To be interested in, to be con- sakit, pagmalasakitan, ipag- cerned; to protect. raalasakit.

Masid: magmasid, masdan. To observe, to notice. Matay: mamatay. To die. Matyag: makimatyag, pakimat- To listen, to hearken, to attend, yagan. to hear.

May, mayrooHt There is, there are, there was, there were; have, has, had; there will be; will or shall have.

Mirindal: magmirindal. To lunch, to take a luncheon. Miting: magmiting. To hold a meeting. Mithi: magmithi, mithiin, pag- To desire or pretend something mithian. vehemently; to long for. Muhi: mnhfin. To vex.

Muhi: mamuhl, To be vexed • Muld: magmuia, mulan. To begin, to commence. Munglay: magmunglay, mung- To crumble, to chip; to tear into layin. pieces. Munimuni; magmunimuni, mu- To consider, to think, to me- nimunihin, mulimulihin. ditate. Mumog: rnagmumog. To rinse. Mtingkah!: magmungkahi, To suggest. mag ayog. Mura: mamura. To become cheap. Mara: magpamura. To cheapen.

Mara; n)urahiii. To affront, to be affronted ; to insult to the f^ce.

Mayag: magnriuj^ag, muyagin. To destroy by little and little; to moulder. Mayag: mamuyag. To moulder . .

— 182-

NaknAT: mapjnakaw, nakawiii, To steal, to be stolen. rankle, to fester. Naknn k : iriagnaknak To increase the state of inflani Naknak : papagiuxknakiti. To niation in a wound.

Namnain: numairinarr), nnnr- To taste, to be tasted. namin. Nas^: mHRnasit, iia.^ain, png- To desire, to wish, to be desired nas^an.

Nasn.is: iiiHgnasiiHS, nasriHSin. To scrape, to grate; to erase.

Nisnis, nitiiit, nutiiot: Triagnis- To ravel.

nis, manisnivS, etc.

Nisnis: nisnisin. To perfricatft.

Naynay : rriagnaynay To plane, to make smooth, to polish.

Nilayiiilay: iiiagnilaynilay. To maditate. Nin^as: papagningasi!i, To flame. NingaR; rnagningas. To blaze.

Ningning: magfiingiiiiig. . To glitter. Nipis: magnipis, nipisan, To make thin or slender. panipisfn.

Nipis: nuniipis. To become slender. Nuynoy: magnuynoy, nuynuyin To specify. Nuynoy: numuynoy, nuynuyfn, To deliberate.

o (.

Obon: mag-obon, urnobon, To string, to link. obonin. Okas: mag-okas, umokas, To imtie, to undo; to cancel. okasin,

Okid: umokid, mag-okid, To* carve, to engrave. Okon: umokon, mag-okon To reunite, to congregrate. okunin.

Okop: mag-okop, okopin. To brood, to hatch. 138-

Oiifiaw : uiaougaw. To disappear, to be lost, to be extinguished. Ongik: uinongik. To grunt. Olaw: iiinolavy, olawiii To molest by impertinent ques- tions. Olaw: tnaolavr. To be sea sick. Olaw: inag-olaw. To turn arounci. (31a: umola, inag-ola. To petition, to beg, to solicit. Oruiw: uiaonaw. To lower, to grow less. Ofiaw: inag-onaw, onawin. To diminish, to abridge. OiKxl: uiHonod. To thrive, to prosper, to improve, to progress.

Opav : iDaopay, To slacken, to become cool.

Opit : uinopit, ixiag-opit, opitin. To compress, to constrain. Onlen: niag-order^ ordinan (n^ To order, to orduin, te be or- pagkapan.) (iered, to be ordained.

Pabaya; magpabaya, pabayaan. To abandon, to forsake; to give up; lo leave, to let; to neglect, to be abandoned, to be neglected. Paalam: m..gpaalani. To take leave. Pako: magpakd, ip.iko, pakuan. To uail, to fasten with nails. Pakli: pumakli. To reply. Pakimul>iiog: makinabang, paki* To benefit, to profit. nabanjiaa.

Padab\ : magpadal6, ipadala, pa- To send, to be sent. dalhan. Pagod: pumagod, pagurin. To tire. Pagod: mapagod. To be tireii. Pagod: magpagod. To procure, to work, to endeavor, to take pains. Pagal: magpagAl. To work, to endeavor, to take pain».

(.) Halos ang lahat ng mga badying ito na na^miimula sa O, ay galing sa wikJing ilokano. 134—

Pagal; mapagal. To be tire(l with the work. Pakita: magpakita, ipakita To show, to be shown. Pagpag: magpagpag, ipagpag, To jerk, to beat, to strike. pagpagin.

Pagkit: pftgkitan To wax, to fill with wax. Pangako: mangak6. To promise. Pan^ulo: maagulo, panguluhan. To preside, to be presided. Pangurong: mangurong. To shrink. Panganyayii: manganyayi. To damage, to harm. PangaMs: mangahfts. To dare, to venture. Pangalawfi: pumangalawa, pa- To second. ngalawahan. Pahid: pumahid, raagpahid, pa- To wipe. hirin. Ptthayag: magpahayag, ipa- To manifest, to declare. hayag» Pahayag: niagpahayag. To publish. Pahinga: magpahinga, magrpa- To rest. hingalay. Pahintulot: magpahintulot. To permit, to allow. Palagay: ipalagay, To suppose. Paluwal: magpaluwal, pagpa- To bail. luwalan. Palangas: magpalangas. To boast. Palayas: magpalayas, palayasin. To expel, to drive out. Palpal, pilpil, pipis: magpalpal, To crush, to be crushed. ipalpal, palpalin, pilpilin, pipisin, magpilpil, magpipis. Palit: pumalit, magpalft, ipallt. To ehange, to be changed. palitan* Palit: magpalit, magpalitan. To exchange. Pamyti, palamuti: magpamiiti, To decorate, to adorn, to magpalamuti, pamutihan, pa- beautify. lamutihan. Panaog: manaog, panaugan. To come down, to go down.

Panaog: ipanaog, To take it down.

Pariayam: magpanayjim. To hold a conference, to hold :^r interview. 135-

Panayam: maglugay ng To deliver a lecture, to lecture. pana3^am. Panimdim: nianimdim. To mind, to think. Paninton: niatnaQinton. To profess. Panihul^: manihalSi; magpani- To dispose. hal^, inagmanihaljl. Pauirahan, panahanan: manira- To reside, to dwell. han, manahanan* Panaghili: nianaghili. To envy. Panaginip, pangarap: mana- To dream. ginip, mangarap. Panatili: manatili. To persevere^ to persist. Panood: maaood. To look at, to behold a show or spectacle. Panigama: magpanigama, paiii- To reproduce, to be reproduced. gamahin. Panibago: magpanihago, pani- To renew, to be* renewed. baghuin.

Panalangin : manalangin. To pray. Panaw: pumanaw To go, to depart. panaw: niagpapanaw. To banish. Paris: pumaris, parisan, pama. To imitate, to be imitated.

risan.

Paris: pagparisin, i par is. To compare, to be compared. Parusa: rnagparusa, parusaban. To punish, to be punished. Parito: pumarito. To come. Paroon: pumaroon. To go. Parti: niagparti, partihin. To part, to divide. Pasok: pumaaok, To enter; tojro in, to come in. Parami: magparami, paramihin. To multiply, to be multiplied. Pasa: puraasa. To pass. Pasiya: magppsiya, ipasiya, pa- To resolve, to determine, to decide. siyahan, \ Pasyal: magpasyal. To walk for exercise or amuse ment; to take a walk.

Pashuig: pumaslang, paslangin, To hurt, to abuse, to maltreat. mamaslang. •136-

PatHs: iiiagpatas, pagpatasii). To equalize; to make equal; ap plied to tbe number of vote.^. Patibi! magpataU^, patab&an. To rnaiiure. Paf/iy: pumatAy, patayfn. To kill; to extinguish. Patf^y: mntrpakanriat iv, ina^bi^ti To suicide. F^atay: patayin ang ilaw. To put out tbe ligbt. Pata^: patkgin. To level. Patawr;i(i: mai|;pataw;i

Patid : purnatfd, patirin. To cut a string. Patid anu; bininRa: rnapatdlan'g- To expire. binin a.

Pat;ik : pumatak. To drQp, to fall drop by drop. Pallia:: inagpitlig, if)atlig. To demonstrate. Pa.toag: raagf) itoiig, ipatong. To put sometliirig upon anotber. Putoii:;: rnîKputong, putunân, To (»rovvn, to be crowned. rnagkorona, koronaban. Patotoo: magpatotoo, patoto- To affirm, to certify, to assure. banaii. Pauley: magpatuloy. To oontinue, to pursue. Pawis: r»iagpawris, pagpawiân, To sweat. Payag: pmnayag, payagan. To accede, to comply, to consent. Pawl: pumawl. pawiio. 7^0 cause to vanish, to blot or efT>ice. Pavfi: ma pawl. To vanish. Pawl, param: rnapawi, ma[);iram. To vanish. Payi: magpayi, pumayi. payibin. To blot or efface a writing. Petsa: petsahan. To date, to be dated. Pikit: pumikit, ipikit ang rrma To cloie one's eyes. nciata

PiktA op pigtA: uiapikta og mn- To be soaked. pigtS,. Piga; pumigA, magpiga, pig.iin. To squeeze. Pi^il: purnigil, pigilin. To detain. Pigil: magpigil. To contain, to keep one's temper, to refrain.

Piit: pumiit, piitfn. To arrest. Pihit; pumibit. To turn. -137-

*iho: pumiho, pihuhin, To fix.

'ilit: purnilit, pilitin, mamilit, To compel, to oblige; to foroe, to enforce. i^ilit: mapilitan. To be compelled. intuhd: pumintuhd, pintahuin To venerate. ilma; pumilma, pilmahin. To Bign. Piral: pumiral, piralin. To pinch. Pilipit: pumilipit. pilipitin. To twist. rinsa: pumirinsa, prinsahln. To iron. Prinsa: mamirinsa. To be ironing. Pill: pumiii, piliin. To choose, to select. Pirito, sanday: pirituhin, •an- To fry, to be fried. dayin. Pisk: pumisft, pis&in. To make burst, to break something like eggs or furuncle. Pitas: pumitas, pita«in. To gather or pick the leaves or fruits. Pisan: pumisan, magpiian, pisa- To add. to be added, nin, ipisan. Pisan: magpisan, magkapisan. To associate, to meet, to join. Pisang: magpisang, pisangin. To part, to divide into pieces. Pita: magpita, pitahm. To long for, to desire. Pisil: pumisil, pislin. To compress. Poot: mapoot, kapootdn. To hate, to be hated. Pitik: purnitik, pitikln. To fillip. Piyapis: piyapisin, To attack. Pukaw: pumukaw, pukawia, To arouse; to inspire, to awaken. ipuftuw. Puksd: pumuksix, puksiiin. To exterminate, to extinsuiih. Pukpok: pumukpok, pukpukin To drive, to be driven, to hammer. Pugot: punuigot, pugutin, pu- To behead.

gutan. ^ Pa gay: magpugay. To take one's,hat off aj a sign of reverence. Pula, pintas: pumintas, pumul^, To censure, to blame; to be pul&an, pintasan. blamed.

Pulot: makapulot, mapulot. To find, to be found. — 138-

Pulot: pulutin. To piok up^ to gather*. Pulot: mamulot* To gather, to go or be gather! hg. Punyagi: magpimyagf. To make efforts, to eadeavor. Punit; pumunit, pmiitin. To tear. Piinit: mnpunit. To be torn* Pugnaw: pumugnaw, pngn wfn. To biirn^ to consume. Puri: pumuri, purihin. To praise; to applaud. Pari; magpuri. To glorify, to praise. Pari: pApurihan. To honor^ to be honored. Pandar: magpundar, ipundar. To found, to be founded. Pusyon: magpusyon, pugyunin. To fuse. Pati: raagpaputt^ paputiin. To whiten. Patt: pumutl. To become white, to show whiteness/

Puti: pumuti, piitihin. To pick fruita. Pusta: pumusta, To bet. Pusta: pustahln. To cut the fish into parts. Putol: pumutol^ patulin^ putlin. To cut^ to be cut, Pulpol: pulpulin. To flatten.

PunA: pumunA^ magpund, To fill. punAin.

Puspog; pumuspos, puspusin. To fill. Putok: pu!nut6k. To burst, to shoot; to expIo(ie.

Put6k: magpaputok. To cause to shoot ; to have shoot. Puyat: mapiiyat, To keep on^'s self awake, to be watchful. Puyat: purauyat, puyatin. To keep awake. Puyok/tuk&: puyukin, tuk&in. To peck.

R f-)

Raas: magraas- To feign; to fancy.

Rabiw; rumabftw. To exalt one's «elf; to overcome.

Rabnfs: rUmabnis, rabnisin, To separate, to disjoin; to carry off precipitately.

Rakab: magrakab. To tie, to fabten. Rakud: rumakud, rakurin. To glean, to gather. ,

139—

Ruib: rumaib. To penetrate. Raiin: rumaini. To yield, to submit to another reverently

Raip: magraip iraip. To transplant. Ragtiy: riiiY)agay. To vibrate. Rago: magrago. To be merry, to rejoice. Ragpuyo: runiagpuyo To incline. Rtigup: magragdp. To join, to meet. Repaso: magrepaso, repasuhin. To review. Rayab: rumayab. To move from one side to another; to flutter.

Rai)gin: runiangin. To grow; to be inflamed. Ranggod: magranggod, rang- To obtain. guriii. Ranod: magranod. To communicate. Rapid: rumapid, rapirin. To cut by the trunk or root; to chop off.

Regale: raagregalo. To give a present. Retab: riimetab. To begin to vegetate or ger- minate. Renek: magrenek. To cause great pains or trouble. Rikna: magriknd. To feel, to perceive, to foresee, to prove; to taste-

Ringpas: magringpas. To terminate, to close, to finish Ripirip: magripirip. To infer. Risang: rumisang. To rend, to tear; to withdraw from.

Rising: rumising, To withdraw from. Rakib: rumukib, rukibin. To excavate. Rukob: rumukob. To subdue, to subject. lluwam: niaruwam To become acgustomed. Rupikal: magrupikal, rurtmpikal To chime, to ring the bells. rupikalin. Ruknoy: rumuknoy. To bow. Rukwas: magrukwas. To undertake. - 140—

Rugnay: rumugnay, rugnayin. To undo, to destroy; to efface. Rumbing: rumumbing. Ta sprout; to appear iigain. Rups6: marupso. To spoil.

Saad: inagsaad, isaad. To inform, to report. Sabi: magsabi, sabihin. To ^ay, to tell, to be said, to b told. Sabog: magsabog, isabog. To scatter. Sakay: magsak^y, surnakay. To embark. Sakjiy: surnakay, sakayan. To ride.

Saklolo: sumaklolo, saklolohan. To succour, to aid, to hel{), t supply. Baklaw: sumuklaw, saklawin, To comprise. Sakit: sumakit. To feel pain, to ache. Sakit: saktan- To hurt.

Sakft: mngkasakit. To fall ill or sick. Sakft: makapagkasakit, papag- To make sick. kasaktin,

Saka: magsaka, sakahin, To till the land, to cultivate thi soil, to farm. akdal; magsalrdal, isakdal. To claim protection; to complain, to lay petition in a cour of justice. Sagas^: surnagas^, makasagasJi, To trample, to be trampled. masagas^iaa. Sagabal, sagwil; makasagabal, To embarrass, to obstruct, to pu makasagwil. obstacle.

Sagot: sumagot, sagutin, isngot. To answer, to reply. Sala: sumaln. To fail, to miss. Sala: magkasala. To sin, to offend. Sala: salahin. To reject, to reprove. Sali: mngsala, sal^in. To filtor, to filtrate.

(•) Halos ang lahat ng mga badyang ito na nagmumul ea Ry ay galing sa ilokano. u-

Sala: inugkasjila, masald. To be out of joint, to sprain, to have sprain. Salang; saling: 8iitnalan<^, suma- To touch, to be touched, ling, salangin, salingin. Salita: magsalita, salitain, To talk, to speak. Salingit: magsalingit, isalingit. To intercaUite, to interpose. Sama: snmaina, satnahan. To go with, to come with; to ac- company. Sam a: isama. To add, to be added. Sama; magsarna. To join. Sama: raagsama. To make a partnership. Salubong: sumalubong, salu- To go, to meet. bungin. Sama: siimama. To become currupted or de- praved, to become bad. Samsam: snmamsam, samsamiii. To despoil. Sambit: 8umambit, sambitin. To call, to invoke. Sambitla-' sumambitla, sam- To in oke, to be invoked. bitlain. Sangga: sumangga, sanggahiii. To detain or stop the blow. Sanay: saiiayin, To train, to be trained. Sanay: magsanay. To exercise. Salin: sumalin, saliuiiu To copy, to be copied. Saliii: magsaliii, isalin, To pour, to be poured. Sanggop; sumanggop, magsang- To treat gop, sanggupin. Sam6: Bumamd, isamd, samuan. To beg, to implore, to request, to be requested. Sandat: sandatin, masandat. To stuff, to be staffed. adore, to be Samba : smnamba, sambahin. To worship, to adored. Sampalataya: sumampalataya, To believe, to be believed. sampalatayanan. Sara: magsard, sarhan, isara. To close, to' shut, to be shut, to be closed.

ang-ayon: sumang-ayon, sang- To approve: to comply with, to ayunan. yield. . y

—142-

SaclyA: magstvlya, sadydin. To prepare, tO/ intend, to design, to make special, to do something purposely. Sambot; sainbutin. To stretch out the hands for catching. Sam hot: makasambot. To retrieve Salarnat: magpasalamat, pagpa- To thank. salamatan, pasalamatan, Sanhi: magsanht, makasanhi, To cause. maging sanhi. Sanl^: magsanla, isaiilA. To pledge, to pawn. Salagsag: sumalagsag, salagsagin- To reprove, to be reproved. Salapid, tirintas: salapirin, To braid the huir. tirintasin. Salaiigsang: aumalangsang, sa- To oppose. langsangin Salakay: gumalakay, salakayin. To asgiiult, to be assaulted. Salund: masaluniian, matakwat. To surprise, to overtake. Sansala: sumansal^, sansalMn. To binder, to impede/ to forbid. Sangag: mugsangag, isangag. To toast, to be toasted. Sandal: magsandal, isandaL To approach, to make lean upon. Sandal; sumandal. To leufi upon. Sariw^: manariwa. To grow green again. Saya: mageaya, To rejoice. Sayaw: magsayaw. To dance. Sayang: sayangin. To waste. Sauli: nnagsauU, isauli. To return, to restore. Saway; sumaway, sawayin To correct, to reprehend, to im. pede, to forbid. Saysay: magsaysay, saysayin, To declare, to manifest, to nar- isaysay. rate, to recite, to tell, to relate. Salaysay: magsalaysay, salaysa- To explain. yin, isalaysay.

Sibiik: magsibal^:, «ibakin. To split. Sikap: magsikap, sikapin. To labor; to procure. Singil: sumingil, singilin. To recover, to collect. Sigaro: sumiguro, fiiguruhin. To secure, to insure, to assure. •

-143-

Sigaw: sumigaw. To cry out, to shout.

Silab: sumilab, silabin, silabfirj, To set on fire, to burn. magsilab.

Sinta: sumlnta, «intahfn. To love, to bt loved. Sinta: magsintahan. To love each other or one another. j^inop: magsiiiop, sinupin. To keep; to heed Sigla: magpasigla, pasiglahlii^ To encourage, to be ericouraged. sumigla.

Silang: sumilangw To rise, to appear on thd horizon, to be born.

Sinungaling, bulauu: magsinu- To lie. . ngaling, magbulaan. Sipol: sumipol, sumuUot. To whistle. Sipol: sumipol, To pipe. Sipsip» supsop: sumipsip, sumup- To BUck, to sip. sop; sipsipin, supsupfn.

Silig; sumilig. To transcend, to go beyond. Sir^.: samir^, sir^in. To destroy, to undo. Simula: magsimula, To begin, to commence, to «tart»

vSirS, ng puri, sir^an ng puri. To defame, to dishonor. Siphayd: sumiphayd, siphayuin. To reproach, to censure. Si pot: sumipot. To appear. Sisi: magsisi. To repent.

Sisi : sumisi, aisihin, To reprimand, to accuse, to blame.

Sisid: sumisid. To plunge into the water, to dive Sindi: magsindi, i^indihiin, To kindle to light.

Siste: magsiste. To joke. '

Siya: magkasiya. To be contained, to fit. vSiyasat: magsiyasat, siyasatin. To search, to investigate. Sub^; manubk, sub^in. To deceive, to defruud. Subo: sumub6. To boil.

Subo: magpasubo, pasubuhin, To boil. * pakulAin.

Subok: suraubok, manubok, su- To waylay, to lie in ambush bukan^ -144-

Subok: surnubok, snbiikin, To try, to examine, to prove, to give evidence. Subok: surnubok, subukin. To compart one thing with an. other.

Subok: masubukan, marapatan, To surprise, to be surprised, to be caught in the act itself. Suka: sumuka, isuka, To vomit. Suklay: suinuklay, suklayin, To comb. Suko: sumuko. To surrender, to yield. Sugat; surnugit, sugatan, ma- To wound, kasugat.

Subci* sumubd, isubd. To put a morsel or food in one\^ mouth. Sukat: sumukat, sukatin. To measure. Sug^l: njagsugal. To gamble. ugo: magsugd, suguin. To send an ambassador or deputy. Sukli: magsukll, sukllan. To change money. Sungkad: euraungkad, sung- To measure; to compare one karin» measure with another.

Sulit: siiniulit, sulitin. To examine, to be examined. Sulit: magsulit. To give account, to take examination.

Sulat: sumulat, sulatiu. To write, to be written. Sulat: magsulat, To write much. Sulam: magsulam. To embroider. Sumbong: magsumboiig, isum- To accuse, to denounce. bong.

Sumpong: makasumgong, m^- To meet, to be met. sumpung^n, Sumpong: sumuinpong, sumpu- To assault, to tempt, to be as- ngin. saulted, to be tempted. Sumakit: niagsumakit, pagsu- To take pains. makitan.

Sumang; sumumang, sumangfn, To resist, to oppose, to contradict

Sundd: sumundd, sundAin. To call, to go for.

Sundo: masundilan. To find, to be found. . .

•Mo-

J^undd: jnagkasundo. To settle dilTereniteB on friendly tennH/ to have ngreemenl, lo have eoiu»ord. Siinog: fluaiuaog, niisiinog, To hurn, to be burnt. sunugin, Sunsid; suiuunsid, iviagsuiisid, To reduce, lo abridge. sunsirin. Supil: siiimipil, supilin. To overcome. Suiiod, talima: siununod, tuuia- To obey. lima, suridin, talimahiiK Sunod: sumunod, 1\) follow. Suloiig: sumulong. To improve, to progress. Sulong: isulong, To push Sulong: niagpasulong. To «timulate. Sulong: sumulong. To go forward, to advance. Sulong: sulungaiK To attack; to give, to pay. Sulsi: magsulsi, fulsihan, 'lo darn, to patch up in haste. 8'ulid: magsulid, sulirin, To spin, to be spun: SumpA, tungayaw: sumumpa, To curse, to be cursed. tumungayaw, sumpain, tunga- yawin. Sumpa; manumpd, sumpaan, To swear, to make oath, to be paiiumpaan. sworn. Suri: sumuri, magsuri, Buriin. To inquire, to examine. Suway: sumuway, suwayin. To disobey, to contravene.

Suwail : magsuwail To rebel. Suso, ut-ut: sumuso, susuhin, To suck. umut-ut, ut-utfn. Suso: mageuso, susuhan. To set (ire to. Suuy: magsuuy, pagsuuyfn. To proportion. Suya: masuy^, To have distaste. Sunok: musunok. To feel disgust, to loathe.

Taas: mngtaas, itaas, To raise, to lift up. Taas: uiigtnas, itaas. To elevate. Taas: tumaas. To become high, to be eleVated; to ascend/ to be promoted. 146-

Taba: turn a ha. To grow fat. TabiV inagpataba,. patabain; To fatten. turn aba. Tabog: tumabog. To grurnl>le. Tabil: tiimabil, nihgtabil. To pratUe, to talk much. Tabas: turnabas, tal>i»sau. 'I'o cut the cloth as a tailor; to shape. Tabas: tumabis, inajitabas, tabju To cut olMhe branches of the sin, paglabasiu. trees. Taban: tumaban, tabanau. To sustain, to hold. something with earth. Tabon : magtabon, tabu nan. To cover Tabon: magtal)on. To make a terrace. Taboy; magtaboy, ituboy, ipag* To (liive, to be driven. tabuyan. Takal; tumiikal, magtakal, taka- To measure grains or liquor.

lin. ^ , Takbo; tumakbo. To run. Takot: matakot, katakutan. To fear, to dread, to be afraid. Takot: tumakot, takutin. To frighten, to discourage; to ir»timidate; to terrify.

Takas: tumakas. To Hee, to escape. Taka: ma^taka pagtalchan. To wonder. Takda: magtakdS,, itaktla, tak- To determine, to lix da^n.

Takip: tumakip, magtaklp, tak- To cover, pan.

Takwil: turnakwil, inagtakvvil. To reject, to refuse. Tagai: turnagal, magtagal. TTo last. T^gal: magtngal. To remain or continue long in a place; to delay. Tago: magtago, itago. To hide, to keep. Tago: magtagd, tumago. To hide.

Tuksil : magtttksil. To betray; to do foolishness. Tadhank; magtadhan^. To advise. Tangi, tingi: magtangi, magti- To distinguish, to be distinguish, ngi, tumangi, turning), tangiin, ed. tingi in. — 147-

Tanggol, sanggalang; magtaiiggol, fo ailvocate, to defend, inagsanggahing, ipagtanggol, ip gfsanggalang.

Tangkakal: magtuiigkakal, tii- To

Tninfea, pat^ainga: nianainga, })n- To listen, to be attentive. naingahaii. Tagubilin: magtagubilin, itagu))i- To recommend, to be recom- lin, ipagtagnbilin mende(]. Tanghal: magtanghaK itanghal. To exhibit, to expose. Tagay: tnmagay, tagayan. /Po drink to soniebody's health.

T<;guyod : magtagiiyod, tuma- To lead: gnyod. I'^'^g^y- magtaglay. To bring, to carry, to bear. Tadtad: tumadtad, tadtarin, njag- To chop. tad tad. Tagpo: !nikatagpo, magtagptian. To m^et. to find. Tagpi: magtagpt, tagpian. To mend clothes, to patch. Tanggap: tnmanggap, tanggapin. To receive, to be received.

Tanglavv: tumanglaw, tangiawan, To light the thing which is far magtanglaw. off. Tanggal: tnmanggal, mngtanggal, To draw out nails; to disjoin. tanggalin. TanQJ»: tuman|;i«. To weep, Tanyag-,. magtanyag, itanyag. To manifest, to show, to exhibit. Talindaw, kintang: magtalindaw, To play mnsic. magkintang, mangintang, ku- mintang, Fala: magtala, itala. To register; to seal, to stamp; to inecribe.

Pall: magtali, tumali, itah, talian. To tie, to bind, to be tied, to be

bound. * Tahi: tumahi, manahl, tahiin. To sew. Pahimik: tumahimik. To keep silence, to be silent or quite. ,

•MS—

Tala?, tall in: patalasiii, patalii^Jin. To sharpen)

Tttlay: magtalaj', italay. fo arrange, to put in (Un^ plnc:( or order Talad: tumalad, makitakid. To tiglit/ to contend. Talo: magtalo. To' dispute.

Tampulasun: tumampalasan, To treat ill, to maltn^nt.

tampalasanin ; manampalasan Tanak: magtanak, tanakin. To refine.

Tanan: magtanan. To escape, to make one s <'8(*ape. Tanda: tuinaada. To grow old.

Tatida: magtanda, tandaan. ' To mark»' to note; to mind. Tangka: ma^tangka, tangkafn. To purpoi^e. Tarn fa: tumamis. To become sweet. Tamis: patamisin. To sweeten, to dulcify Tangkilik: tumangkilUs ma*>lang- 1'o po8se

Tulo mat.ilo, talunin. I'o be vanquished, to lose.

'falop: magtalop, tuluj)an. To peel, to strip oif. Tahol; tumaliol To bark.

Tahan: tumahan, manahan. To inhabit, to live. •

— 1(9-

Tahan: tuinaha'n. To stop, to be quiet. Taiidis: tuniandis, magtandis. To certify, to assure, toatfinn. 'I'anong: tumanong, nnigtanoiig, To question, to ask a question, tanungin, itanong. to interrogate

Tatftg: magtatiig, itats^'g. To establish. Tatag: ifiagtatag, itatag. To found. Tapos: turnapos, tapusin. To finish. Tapes: uiatapos. To be finished.

Tapes: rnagtapas. To end, to be ending. . Trahaho: magtivtbaljo, tuniara* To work.

l)..h(). Tasa: inagtaj?a, tasahan. To sharpen tlie pencil.

Trttwa: tuinatwA, itatwii, t;it To den3\ waan, Tawa: tumawa, tiwanan. To hiugh at.

Tanlrn: mngtanim, itanini. To plant ; to sow. Taiilag: magtanlag, itanlag, To transplant. Tap(>: magtapo, tuiinapo, ta- To effect. puin.

Tawid : tUTiiawul. '^I'o ford, to wade. Tapang: tuninpang. To become brave, to bo encou"

raged. *

TapaT>g, hinapang: inanghina- To encourage oneV self. pang.

Tasta.s: tiimnstas, tastasfn. To rip, to unseam. Tawag: tumawa^. tawagin. To call, to be called. Tawag magtawag, ipagtavva^. To proclaim, to be proclain.ed. Taya: tumayA, itaya. To put sonrie money in the game or gambling; to wager.

Tay6: magtayo ng gu.salt, ila.vo. To buiUl, to be built. Tay6: tuinayd. To stand. Tayba: tumayba, tay)>ahan To prove. Tibay: tumibay. To beceme

Tibay: rnagpatibay, papagtiba- To contirm, to corn dx) rate. yin. — lAO-

Tibay: munibay. To prop up, to be supported. little and little. TibAg: tiimibiig, nn:».(iibag. To destroy by ribag: matibag. To moulder, to fall. Tikayi: aliw^iy, ma^tikaya, mag- To recover from sickness aliway. Tdca: mugtika, pagtik.dmn To purpose. TikmA: magtikmA. To go on some business. Tikmd: manikmA. To goon business. Tikmfl.: magtikmA. To negotiate. Tikom itikom ang bibig. To close one's mouth. Tikim: :lumikim, tikman. To taste. to grow hard. Tigas: tumiga^. To become hard, Tigas: manigas* To turn stiff. to harden. Tigas: m igpatigas, patigasin To make hard, Tigambny: magtigambay, tigam- To consolidate, to compact, to bayia. harden. Tigambay: tumigambay. To consolidate, to grow lirm. Tigil: tumigil, itigil. To stop. troubles. Tiis: magtiis ng hi rap. To undergo

Tiis: magtiis, tiisin. To suffer. TiU: tumila. To cease raining.

Tilas: tumilas, tilasin. To tear, to rend, to ln(»^ratr. Tingid: tumingid, magtingid, ti- To distinguish ngirin. Tiim: tumiim. To infiltrate. Tingln: tumingin, tingnan. To look, to look at, to behold, to be beheld.

Tingalft: tumingala, tinUalAln, To look up. og tingalin. Tingkjib 0^ tingkag: tumingkab, To take off the lock, to disjoint tumingkag, tingkabiii. with violence. Timbang: tumimbang, timba- To weigh. ngin. Tinggal: magtinggal, itirjggal. To store.

TilAd: magtilAd, tilarin. To cut something into small parts. "1.51.

Tina: magtiti^, tumijn&, tin^in, To dye, to be dyed. tinanii.

Tinag: turviinaR, tinagin To move. Tiiuli: magtindi, tindihan. To press, to burden. Tindi: tumindi. To become beavj or strong. Tindig: matindig, tumindig. To stand up, to rise. Tindig: mngtindig, itindig, To raise.

Tining : turnining. To subside, as liquors. rigmak: mitigtnak. .To be soaked. Tipoa: magtipon, tipuaiii. To collect, to gather. Tipon: magkatipon, To join, to meet, to assemble. Tipid: magtipf(l, tipirin. To econoirnze, to save. Tira: tiimira, tirahin. To shoot, to throw. Tira: tumira. To live, to reside. Tira: matir^. To remain. Tira: rnagtira, tirlian. To keep the part of a thing for some person. Tilainhos: tumilatnbort. To crack, to break out into fury or rage.

Tiyak** tiiniiyak, tiyakin. To fix, to determine. Tisod: rn^^tisod. To stumble. Tiwal^: niftgtiwala, magkati- To trust in, to confide. ^ wali\.

Tiwalk, paniwalk: maniwala, To believe, to be believed. paniwaUan.

Tiwalag: magtiwalag, itimtlag. To separate; to excomunicate. Tiwalag: tumiwalag. To part; to withdraw. TiwasAy, tahimik: tumiwaHfiy, To be calm, to be tranquilized. tuinahimik.

Tub6: tiimubd. To grow; to be born; to shoot. TubA: magpatubo. To practise usury. Tubo: magtub6. To gain, , Tubo: tumubos, tubusiu. To redeem, to rescue. Tukd: tumuk&, tuk&in og tukin. To pick, to peck. TudIA; tumndlA, tudldin. To shoot, to be shot. Tukso: tiimukso, tuksuhin. To tempt.

Tukoy: tumiikoy, tukuyin. To name, to fix, to reffer to. 52

T\»kl J^r iumuklas, tuklusin; \ni\- To jiiid; to dise<)V(*r; to he found.

katukl IS, matuklas, niatu- klasan. TuKoy: magtugoy, tuguyiii. To amend. TiigcSn: tumugiSn. To correspond; to answer.

Tugtog; tunriugtog. To play on ft nuisicnl instrnnKMit'' to ring a hell. Tudloy: tumiulloy, tudluyin. To addres. Tug pa: tumugpa. To set sail; to stirt; to go tollie river or harhor; to embark; to take to tlie harhor. Tungo: tumungo, tunguliiii. To aim. Tango: tumungo. To go to. Tuiigo; tunghaii. To look down. Tungo: makitungo, pakitu- To deal with. nguhau.

Tunghay: tuiuunghay, tung- To look, t<> •'^^?^. hayan. Tulo: tumulo. To drop. Tuhid: tuuiulad, tularan. To imitate. Tulad; magtulad, itulad. To compare. Tuliog: magtuhog, tumuhog, To link. tuhugiiK

Tunggali: turnungguli, tungga- To contend, to. struggle, to lun, tnagtunggali, makitung- strive; to debate. gall. Tulog: njatulog. To Hleep

Tunaw: in.gtunaw, tumunaw. To melt, to liquefy, to disst)lve. tunawin. Tunaw: mi»tunavv. To he melted, to he dissolved. Tulong: tumulong, lulungan, To helj), to ai

153-

T^rd: raagturo, turuan, itnrd. To teach, to be taught; to sho\v the way. Tunog: tumiinog. To sound. Tulis: magtvilis, tulisan; patu To sharpen. lisin.

Taloy; tumuloy. To hoi-t, to lodge. Tuloy: magpatuloy, ipatuloy, To pursue, to continue. Tuloy: tumuloy. To come in, to go in. Tuloy: magpatuloy, patuluyin. To admit one into our house: Tuloy: ituioy To continue, to be continued. Tunton: tumunton, tuntunin. To follow the way. Tuus: tumuus, magtuus, tuusln. To clear accounts, to liquidate debts. Tuto: raatuto, matutuhan. To learn. Totoo: tumotoo, magtotoo, toto- To do something in truth. hanin. Totoo: magpatotoo, patotohanan. To certify. Tutol: tumutol. tutulan. To protest. Tuwid: tumuwid. To erect, to rise upright.

Tuwid: manuwid. To grow upright, to grow stiff. Tuwid: magtuwid,< tunirfn. To f^rect, to make straight, to rectify. Tuway: magtuway. To exchange, to permute. Tuya; tumuya, tuyafn. To flatter ironically. Tuyag: magtuya^?, tumuyag. tu To make straight. yagin, Tuy6: matuyd. To dry. Tuyo: magpatuy6, patuyftin To dry, to dry up. u

Ubo: umub6, ubuhin.. To cough. Ubo: mag-ubo. To cough strongly Ub6: magub6. To transplant. Ubay^: magpaubay^, ipaubayiL, To trust or respect a person by allowing him to do our work. [Jbos: umubos, ubusin. To finish, to consume. Ubos: maubos. To be finished. ^

— !r,4-

(Tkol: mag-ukol, iiikol. To apply, to be applied; to ad just; to proportion.

to concern, to per (Jkol : mamkol To belong, tain; to accomodate, to (it to suit.

fJga iimugft, ugaiii. To stirabout, to move, to shake Ugoy: mag-ugoy, iiguyin. To move, to shake. [Jgoy: urn ugoy. To stagger, to shake. Udyok: mag lulyok, umudyok, To incite, to be incited; to udyukan, udyukin. seduce.

Uiiali: iDag-ugall, To l>ehave. Ugali: magkaugali, pagkaugaljan. To use, to be arcustomed. IJnga: umiingd. To roar, to groan: applied tc young carabaos.

Ungal: uoiUDga]. To howl, to yell, to cry. Ungol: uniungol. To grumble, to murmur. Uhaw: mauhaw. To be thirsty. Ulik: mag-ulka, umulak, nlakin, To reel. Ulan: uriiulan. To rain

Ulat: mag-ulat, iiilat. To report; to inculcate. Ulit: umulit, ulitin, To repeat, to reiterate. (Hit: mag-ulit. To persiet, to wrangh*; to reply.

I'll: iimuli. To do again. IHo, pangulo: mangulo, pangu- To preside, to be presided. luhan.

fJlok: mag-ulok, iinuilok, ulukan. To instigate.

Urait: iimurnlt, magumit, urriitin. To steal, to filch; to bt; stolen. Umpiea: rnag-umpisa, nmpi- To begin, to commence. sahan. Una: mauna, timuna. To go forwards.

Una: maniiuna, uinuna. To take the lead. Una: manguna, To precede.

Una: magpauna, ipagpaun?i, To anticipate; to advance. Unat: unuinal, iunat. To stretch.

Unawa: umunawA, unavvitin. To observe, to (consider, to mind, to notice. —155

Jnumi: magpaiumwHi, ipapag- To advice, to beadviced; to give unaw^, ipaunawa, pagpauna- notict, to warn. wian. UnlaJ: umurilad. To progress. IJnlak, paunlak: mugpaunlak. To honor; to give prestige. Unsi: mag-unsi, unsihan. To yoke. Unti: umunti. To decrease. linti: mag-unti, unlian. To diminish, to lessen. [Jnti: mag-unti-unti. To be scanty in eating. pa: umupa, upahan, iupa. To pay for wages or hire; to give salary. [Jpasali: mag-upasala. To backbite, to slander. Upat: mag-upat, umupat, upa- To induce. tau.

Upat: mang-upat. To deceive, to impose upon, to incite. lJp6: umup6, lumikmo. To sit, to sit down. Qp6; iupo, ilikmd. To seat. [Jpds; umupos, maupos. To sink entirely. tlp-op: umiip-op, up-upin. To suck in, as the smoking of cigar* Jrong; umurong. To retrocede, to retrograde, to come backward, to withdraw, to retire. ^rong: mag-urong, iurong. To retire, to withdraw. roy.' unauroy, uruyia. To scoff. W: mag-uri, umuri, uriin, To classify, to class; to examine closely; Jrali: mag-urali, umurali, ura- To persuade; to dissuade. lian, iurali. Jaap, pangusap: mangusap. To speak. [Jsap: mag-usap. To converse, to discourse fami- liarly, to talk together.

[Jsap: mag-usap. To litigate. LJsap: pag-usapan. To speak about, to be spoken of. Jsap: magkausap. To hold a conversation or conference.

Jsap: makipag-uBap, To talk with, to speak. 1.^6-

Usap: makiusap, pakiusapan. To talk to a person, solicitii g something from him.

TJsig; umusig, rnag-usig, usigin. To persecute; to pursue. Utot: umutot. To break wind. Utang: nmutang, ntangin To borrow; to ask lending mo ney on condition of its beini

repaid. , (Jtang: magkautang» To be indebted, to owe. tJtang.' magpaiitang. To credit.

Otas: vimutas, utasfn. To finish; to kill.

Utas; iiiautds. To be finished ; to die. Utos: mag utos, utUv^an, iutos To command, to order. Uwang: umuwang. To Tociferate, to clamor, to cry Uwt: utniiwi. To go home, to retire. Uwi: umuwl. To come back. Uwt: mag-uwi, iuwi, uwiah. To bring something in comin back. IJwt: mauwi» To be reduced. (Jyaim: iimuyam, mag-ujaiTK To mock. uyamin. Uyan: umuyan, mag-uyafi, To indemnify.

uyanan. 4

Uyon: inag-uyon, uyunin To regulate; to compound; t a^just; to arrange. Qycin: magkauyon. To join, to unite. w

Wakas: wakas&n. To finish, to conclude, to cloa Waia. To lack; have not, has no there is n6, there are no WalA: mawaU. To be lost. Wald: magwaia, iwala, mawalan. To lose. WalA. To be absent. Wal&: maVawaU. To escape. WaU: magpawalA, paw a] an. To release.

WaMng bahal^: magwaling ba-^ To neglect, to be indifferent. haia. —157-

WaUn^giaala: pawalaii'gsala, To be absolved, to be acquited. VValdas: magwaldas, iwaldas. To embezzle, to misappropiMate. Walat; magwalat, walatin. To destroy, to undo. Wagas: magwagas, wagasin. To purify, to be purified. Wagaywuy: magwagayway, iwa- To wave. gayway.

Wagwag: magwagwag, iwagwag, To sbake, to jerk. Wangis: mawangis. To resemble. Walay; magwalay, i\yalay. To separate, to withdraw.

Waglit: magwaglit, i wag lit, To miss, to lose. Waglit: rmawaglit. To be lost, to miss. Wahi: magwahi, wahiin. To divide or part with the hand Wahil: magwahll, wahilin To distribute, to dispart. Waifs: magwalis, walisln. To sweep, to be swept. Walls: walisan. To sweep the place. Wall: mag-wariwari. To suspect,-trri5onJecture. Wari: raagwari, warlin, To form an opinion, to opine. Watas: ma'kawatas, mawatasan. To understand, to comprehends Wasivvas: magwasiwaSj iwasiwa^. To jerk or shake from left to right; to fence.

Wastd: magwastd, iwast6, was- To correct, to be corrected. tiiin. Will: mawili. To be willing, to incline. Wisik: magwisik, wisikan, To sprinkle, as with the water sprinkler. Wilig: magwilig, wiligan. To sprinkle with water or som liqour.

Wiklas: wiklasin» To undo; to cancel. Windang: magwindang, winda To tear, to fracture, to be torn» acfri to be fractured.

Yabo: yumabo. To grow fertile. Yabo: magpayabo. To fertilize. Yakap: yumakap, yakapin» To hug, to embrace. Yakag: yumakag, yakagln. To 0^11, to invite.

Yakag: magyak^, pagyakagiii To go calling, to go inviting. -158-

Yalis: mag-yalis, yumalis, ya- Tc alter. Wsin. Yagyag: yumagyaer. To trot. Vagyag: payagyagin. To make a horse trot. Yaman: yumatnan. To grow or become rich. Yaman: magyaman, pagyama- To arrange. nin. Yaman: magpayaman, payama- To enrich. nin. Yamb&: yumamba, yambAin. To threaten, to manifest a desire. Yangyang: magj^angyang, iyang- To expand the cloth in the air. yanc Yao: yumao. To go, to depart. Yapos: yumapos, yapusin. To hug by the waist. Yapak: yumapak, yapakan, To tread, to trample. Yari: mangyari. To happen, to occur; can. Yari: yumari, yariin. To make, to finish the work. Yasak: yumasak, magyasak, ya- To trample the corn-field or sakln. rice-field.

Yayk: yumay^, yay^in. To call, to invite. YayJl: magyayi, pagyay&in. To call or invite very much. Yayat: mangyayat, To become thin and lean. Yuko: yumuko. To bow. Yupi, hupil, liipdk: yumup!, mag- To bruise. yupi, yupiin.

Yupyop: yumupyop, magyup- To protect or shtlter the chicks; yop, yupyupan applied to hens. Yurak: yumurak, yurakan. To trample by scratching with the feet.

Yuwls: yumuwls, magyuwis, yu- To confound, to confuse. wisin. ir)9-

XXII naito, sa araw na ito. Mga lampibadi/d. Adverbs, Ngayon na. By this time. MGA LAMPIUADYA SA PA^ Hanggang kai- Till when? NAHON-ADVEPvBSOFTIME. Ian? Hangga ngayon. Till now. Bftnlang a raw, Other day. Hull. tate balang araw, Ilan'g panahon? How long? saibangaraw. gaan6ngpa- BihirJt, mada- Seldom. nahon? lang. Maaga. Early; soon. Bukas. To-morrow. Malimit, mara- Frequently: Kangina, mii- Before. las, marun- often. na, bago. sol. Kangikangina A while ago. Madalas, mali- Many a time. lainaiig. mit, di mama- Kanginang This morning. kailan. umaga. Misanduwa. Few a time. Kagabi. Last night. Mamayd. Afterward^ by Kahapon. Yesterday. and by, after. Kamakalawji. The day before Maraayamaya. A while after. yesterday. Madaili og ma- Soon. Kailan? When? rali, Kamakailin. Some days a^o. Manakanaka, From time to Kailan pa? How long? maminsan- time. h a II g g a n g minsan, kailan?. Minsan Once; ever. Kailan pa? Since when? Minsan pa. Once more; Kaalam-alam, Suddenly. again. kaginaaginsH, Magparating Eternally, ever- karakaraka. man saan. lastingly, for K apag, ka- As soon as. ever and pagka. ever. Ktt rani wan. Usually. MulA noon, mag- Ever since, Kailan paman, Never. mula noon, kailan ma*y buhat noon, hindi. m agbuh a t Kung. When. noon, sapill

Kung minsan Sometimes; noon. < now and. Na. Already. then, ever Noon, niyon; Then, at that

now a n (I nang pana- time. then. hon ^g yaon, Dan Then. nang pana- Ngayon. Now, at present. hon^g iyon. Ngayon'g a raw To-day, Pa. Still: yet; else. .

—160^

Always; ever, Sa magkabika- In all sides. for ever. bila. Pa^katapos. After; after- Sa dakong itaas. Upward. wards, next, Sadakongibaba* Downwi»rd. then. Sa gitna In the middle, Pag, kapjig When; as soon in the midst. as. Sa harap ng, sa Before, in the Sa kasalukuyan At present. harap ni. presence of. Sa nakaraan, In the past. Sa hull. Backward. Sa hinahanip. Fur the imrue- Sa itaas. Up, above. diate future. Sa ibaba. Down; below. Sa haharapin. For the remote Sa laba.-i. Away; out; off. future; in the Sa loob. Within. future. Sa luwal, sa Without. 8a mnla inula. From the be- labas. ginning. Sa likod. Behind. Sa una, sa dati Formerly; an- Sa ibabaw. Upon; over; og Sa rati, ciently; here- above; on the nang una, tofore. top of; at the noon'g una top. Sa makalawa. Day after to- Sa ilalim. Under, under- morrow neath . Sarnantala- While; when Sa pagitan. Between as. Sa palibot. Around. Sa piling, sa si- By the side of; vSa wakas, sa Finally ping, sa tabi. katapusan. Sa tttpat. In front of, op Sa tuwing Whenever. poriite to. Tuwit.a, pa rati, Always Sa unahan. Forward. sa tuwl-tuwl. Uli, ulit. ARain. MGA LAMPIBADYA SA PA R A AN «ADVERBS OF MAN MGA LAVtPIBADYA SA LU- NER GAL= ADVERBS OF PLACE. Agbdy» alakbay. Together. Here. Dito, dini, agapay, sabay. Diyan. There. Alinsunod sa, According to. Doon Yonder; there. alin8uno

hnlong, mara- noiselessly. Pana'y, palagi, Continually {»ar«ii, ina- Buhnfiya, bulin-^ Scarcely. nindMn. Payday a, ka- Instantly. Bighi. Sudngay. Jn«at as. kapagkuwan. Baliktad, tu- By the back Paano? How? In wh**i wMrfk. pjut. niarmer? Bukod sa, ba- Beside>«, nDore- SandopikA. Speedily, swift ko.l. ovor, fnrtlier, ly, hastly. 8h'»rt of this. Tikfs, sadyA. Purposely. Bnko(i, tangi. Sinjiul riy. Tunay. Truly, Sp»ntHn^otisly, vohiMtarily. MGV LAMPIBADYA SA Ka fCagyflt. Triinediately. G\Nl HaN. :=^ adverbs OF Ganoon, gayon. So, tblH. QUANTl'rY. Ganiio. In this manner. Gay a, g^ para. Like; hh; in a Kaunti, Somewhat. sertse of eom- K amti, muntl. Little p tri^on, in Kasiyahaij, ka- Enough, snch a man- igihan.

ner. Kasapatan ; ka- Sufficiently. Hal OS. Almost, nearly t^iyahan. Inot inot, da- By little Mnd Kulanrr. Less. han-d^,han, little; slowly. Kar-Hinihan, ka- Mostly. marahanda- raniwan.

l)an. Gaah6((>ygano ) H(^w much?, Li bin, tangi, Exee^pt that, how many? t'\\n sa. excepting. Ncalingali, ma Nearly. Malnkas (ang Aloud, loud. ngalinsali. flalos. Almopt. Mnrhan, hi- Slowly. liuruigft ku- A little mor^ nayhinay, ba- mu'ang ng or lt-S8. it ay ban ay. kaunti. Mabiiti, maigi. Well, right. Ilan? How many? Badly, iU. Labis. Too, too much Mat; ,afig. ma- Easily. LhIo, higlt, ma- More. dali, vvalang hi^n^t. . V livvag. Lalo sa lahiit. Most. Maliwa^, mahi- Hardly, diffi^ Lalonglalona.. Mostly. rap, n;iabigat. cultly. LuboH Fidly. Maliwanag, Clearly, Luboa, mistulk Entirely. Mnsanofhil, ma- Strictly. LubhA, disapalll. Very. higpit. MagkanoT How much? •162-

Marami, laldng More, to a Laid pa lahrft, The most. marami. greater higit sa lahat, degree. mahigft sa Kiarami. Much, in a great lahat. degree. Laldng mabuti, Better. Masaganit. Abundantly, Lalong masamft. Worse. Masakit, mai- In a great mea- Ang kasam^sa- Worst. nam. sure. sampan. Man lamang. At least. Sing, kasing. As—-as. Munii nang, ka- Nearly. (Hindi) sing, So— as. unii nang, (hindl) kamuntik na, sing. kamuntik na, mangalingalL MGa LAMPIBADYInG PANG PATOTOO. = AFFIRMATIVE Siya, siikat, su- Enough ; sDop. sakat na, 81- ADVERBS. yana. KapaU pa. Of course; Wala. Nothing. clearly, ini- Neither more Walang Kasi. r thinK so. wan, siyang- nor less. Ngani. Surely, there siya. fore, then. Wala na. No more. Ng bodnglugod. Willingly. MGA LAMPIBaDYA SA HA- Namiln, din, Also, too; like rin, din na- wise. N AY. = ADVERBS OF ORDER. man» rin na- Sunod-sunod. SuccessiTely. man. Sakat;>pusan. su Lastly, finally. Oo, wa; wen. Yes, yea; in kawakasan, sa deed. wakas. O'pd. Yes, sir; yes» Unauna, Firstly. madam. Oo nuA, oo na- Yes truly. MG A LAMPIBADYA S\ PAG- nga. HAH AMB ING. =- ADVERBS OF Sa katotohanan, Verily; indeed COMPARISON. sakatunayan Siguro. Assuredly, se Katulad, fcawa- Alike. curely. ngis. SiyangA.. Thus it IP. in Kulahg. Less. fact, in truth Kulang i=a lahdt. The least- {Caramihan Most. SiyanawA So be it. Kauiittan. Least. Totoo. Certainly, as-^ Halos. Almost. surtdly. Lai 6, higit, ma- More. Tunay- Truly, assured higit. ly. ;

163-

Toteo ngft, totoo Really. Kung satali; If by chance ngani, tunay sakali. in case that. ngA. Maaari, mang- May be. WalAng kila, Houtbleps y«yari. wal&ng p8g- Mahan^ay. It should be sal a. better. Marahil. Perhaps; per mGala^mpibadyang pang- chance. TANGOr. = NEGATIVE AD- Sukatmangyari. Possibly. VERBS. XXIII. Hindi, di,dill. Not, no. Hindi p6 No, sir; no, Mga Alisong at Prepositionu madam. mga salapong. and conjunc Di isamiJn. In no wise. DL... (ntKris^ Non... {Non- tions. fob an in.) Christian.) MGA ALISONG=PREPOSL Hindi. Nay. TIONS. Huvvag (prohi- Do not; no. bitory.) Ayon sa, ayon According to. Hiiwag na; No more. kay. hindt na. Aang-ahmg sa, Considering, on Hindi rin. Neither. alang-alang account of, Hindt rin nk6. Nor I either. Ikay, pakun- through. Hindi rin kayd. Nor you either. donpnn sa, pa- Hindt pa. Not yet. kundangan Hinding hindl* Not flt all. kay; Siyn ma'y Nor he. Kay. To, in, at, on, hindl. for, with, MGA LAMPIBADYA SA PAG- from. AaLINLANGaN. ^ ADVERBS Dako, dapit. Towards, in a OF DOUBT. direction to, near to. Apnn, disin, Peraventure. Dahil sa, dahi- On account of diw&. lAn sm; dahil BaH. Lest. kay, dahilan Kahirnvnawari; Would to God; kay. looKin nawA God grant. Hanggan, hang- Until, till ; as ng Poon: hari- gan sa. far as; up to» n*?A. hrrtina- i down to. Hinggil sa, hing- About, relating KHi\(^n, pagka- By chance gil kay; bagay to. kataon. kay, tungkol Kune: dangftn, But for. 8a« tungkol kung hindt. kay. —164—

Laban sa, laban Against, in op- Kayo ni Boni- You and Boni kay. pnsi ion to, pnsyo. face oppofc^iie to. Kami ni Emil- jEmilius and I May. With. yo.

^ Huli. Sincf', from. Sila n^ pari. He and the Ng^ Ot\ by, with. priest Ni. Of, by. Naman, (iin, Also, likewise, Para sa, pard. For. diu naman. as well, kay. moreover. Sa. To. in, at, on, for, from, MGA SVLAPONG NA PANG- * with. PASIVVALI = DISJUNCnVE Sa hanip, sa ha- Before. CONJU.NCnON. rfip ng, sa harap fii. Og, wino. Or, Sa iialim. Under, under- Ayaong. Whether, neath. either. 3a ibabaw. Upon; over; Kung. - Whether. ab»»ve. Man. Or, either. 3a ibaha. Below; down. Mai;ing. Eiiher, whe- Sa iiaas. Above; up. > ther. Sa gitnd, sa git- A mong, n4 ng. amongst. AlGv SALAPONG N\ PANG^ Sa may. Near, at hand, KALVBAN == ADVEIiSv- not far oflE. TIVE COXJUNCriONS. Sa pagitan. Between. Sa pamamagitan Through, by. Ngnnl, nguni't. But. np, sa pawia- Kurxli. Hut. mamigitan ni. Datapwa. datap- But, except. Wal4 Iwaldng). Without. wa^t dMpvva, yet. dHpvv'i\t. MGA SALAPONQ. ^ COXJUNC^ Subali, Kibairt; Unless. TIONS. m^.liban «a, 11 ban sa; mQPl SILAPONG NA PANG. hlintana. DATIG. =COPUL\TIVa Bag' us. Raiher. CONjnNCriONS. Bagaman, baga- Tho'igh, not- ma't, mataj- with^taTid- M, sakA. And. man. ir)g, ahhoiigh. P:itf, sampun. Even, also, Sukd.n. Whichsoever. jointly, toge- Kahit, kahi- Ktiverihelep, ther. m-^n. Bis«n, bik«&. Neither, nor, Gj yoiiinan. Still. even G«yonman, ga- In spite of, not- \l:in, hindl rin. Neither, nor. noon man; v^ithstand- Mi, ne And. man. iiig. -165

Kaya, kaya npA, Therefore. MGA SALAPONG NA PANG- kayA ngayat^. PaLI\V\NAG. = KXPLaNA- Diihil doon. On whi<*h ac- TORY CONJUNCTIONS, count. D.ifiil dito, san- Wherefore. Sa rnakatuwid. That is to say; hi rito, sa da- a'alaong. viz. hilaii'^ ito. Pag halimbawJl, Fur inânce Sa bMgay na it6. Whereby. Sa lalong properly ma More Sa bajiay na. ito, Consequently, tuvvid na pag- speaking. sanhi rito. by c o n s Or 8a!-abi ; â Ja- quence, 16 ng inabuiing wherefore. pagsasalitd. Saan di gayon. And whv riot. SaLAPOMG NA PAVG- Sa gay Oil nga. Accordingly. MGA Dan, kung Then. =Co^JÎ. KU1IML\GAYaN gayon. TION AL CONJUNCTIONS. M(1a SALAPONG N\ PANG- Knng. If. LarUctng. Provided that. TUL0Y.=C0NT1NUAT1VE Pat^. CONJUNCnONS. Tuwing, sa Whenever» ngS.. So that, there* tuvving. whensoever. Kay& fore. MGA SALAPONG NA PANG- Bukod dito. Betîdes, moreover, short o! i BAMHI OQ PANGDAHII.AN. tins. i -=CAUSAL CONJUNCTIONS.

Sapa8:k

-166—

Hindi lamang Not only—but. 1 Ay sa abfl. mo! Woe is you!, kundi. Woe is thee Sa ganfing, sa As for, as to. lAya! Oh! ganaijg ea, sa I Ayaa! What! gaiinng kay. Aba tayo! Well then I Lei ftung para sa, As for, on my us go! kung para part. Alang-alang sa kay. For God's sake Diyos! Parang As though . Kahit paano. At any rate, Ampunfn ak6! Goodness mel any how. Ayto!, eto!, Here it is! Get Pa. Else. heto! it!

Ibap^, Elfe. i Bapa! What!

Kay pa; sa kay. Than I Rapaa! What!

Na. That. i Bapa ayaa! What!, how! Ano pa, ano- Finally, lastly. iBnti nirS,! Well!

pa't. i Baraw!, Ibiye! Bravo!

Kung pnano, As. I K'ihimanawa- Would to Godi para ng. rll, inawdl, Gayondin, ga- So. imaand! yondin na- 1 KahangaMnf Nonsense man. i Kay-hangdll How foi'lish! Kung Sana sa. Aft though. i KuvvidAw! Lookout! Sapagka mara- As an honest. Dali! Be npal na tao. man- quick ! , hurry Gayon pala. So then. up! Sa halip ng, sa Instead of, in E! (Emphasis, a lugal n^; sa- place of. tone in ' halio ni, sa

speaking.) i lugal ni. ir IRy' (An terjec- j tion of cares.] XXIV. Ha' Ha! HHla! Go on Mga arisd. Interjections, H ne! Hear! Ah! Hall ka! Come!

Aba! {nvel)f Hail ! God bless Hlf kayd! abapd! you. Hiya! (A voice for in Aba! Ah! citing the dog I Aba!, loyal. HhIIo! ) lAray! What a pain! Hindi kaya- Never mind!

lAruyl What an in- t i?an!, hindl tense pain hale!, walfing iAbi^ ko! Alaja, poor me! kailangan!

lAy! [ Alas! I Ifc^sns! Gracious!

1 Ay sa abA ko! Woe U me! Hiijo! Begone ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !

—167-

Ho! Stop! (An in- Pagka gandal, How beautiful! terjection for kay-ghnda!, control ing anong ganda ! the horse.) IPoon'g ko! Oh, my! llndko! My mother! I^^alamiit! Thanks! llya! Ch^erupl Well Salamat sa pag* Welcome I then ! Let us dating! see i Say ang! Ikaw ang baha- Beware! What a pity ISawing-'pulad! 1^1, kayo ang Woe! bAhalJi! SumpSin ka! Curse you! Labas Away! Get out! {5u!, su,su!. (An interjec'

Layas Get out! Away! tion for driv . Lakad! Begone ing away thf Loo bin naw& ng Would to God hens and Poon! chickens.) IMabuhay!, Hurrah! Sulong Go on , Go Imabuhi! ! ahead. Manaa!, yari Behold !Look Tab!!, tabi!. Give way!, manaa! here! ilag! Clear the iMayapI, inaa- Weli! way. buti! Tahimikl Maligayang Hail!, greeting! Hush! Tahan , batil, lulilip! ! waUng Silence!, not a imfk! t iNanay ko! My nllimma word Tingni! Look , look 101 Oh! ! here! 01 Here it is ! Get it! ITotoo! Indeed! 10, Kalangitan! Good heavens! Urong! Get back!

Oyl, hoy! Listen ! , say lUy! (An iiiterjeC' (A voice for tion of won calling the der.) attention of a fellow.) Pagpalkin ka Bless your soul XXV naw&! Piigpa- l^m nawi Mga ihdng pag- Other gramati-

kayo I aangkopnaba^ cal composi- PagkA. rami! What a crowd laiilaon. tions. Karami!, Ida- How plenty mi ayaal, it is. Ans? kaganda- The beauty of lanorig dnmil, han nglangit. the sky. !kayrami!. Ang sa langit 'iPalfl! There, well! na kaganda- /Pshi! Pshaw han. . ' .

— 1B8-

Ang kapahaTna-n The wisdom of Mag-asawa. Husband and wife. in Sail Apt»B- Saint Au^us- Mag-kapatid. The two bro^ tiii. Ang kny tin. Saint thers, two Sa!i Agu^tin An^n^^lin'a histers; \>\^0 n I kapaha- -wisdom ther and bu^ ham an. Ang katnpanpf^n The brHV^^ry of ter ng niga kawal the Filipii'O Mafjfkakapatid. B]<»thena; sis- ' ters; hrohera na pilipino. soldier- 1'he hod sisiers. Anji 8a mga conrnt'e of I hr knvval na pill- Philippine (More than pinong katn- sohlierr^ two) pnngan. Magkasama. The two cona- Ang bnhay ni The honse of panions. Magkakasama. Companions Mnteo. Ang I\l u 1 1 hew. kay viateong ]\l>itlhew's {more than bah ay hons*-. two.) Ang tnga Inpain The lands of San»: iAh.yniU\. All the people of .Nbinila, ninaG Bu- Mr BuIh . lan. Ang ki- Mr. Kuhm's Sang UinRsairan. All the city. naG Bulan'g lands. San^ bayanan. All tlie people. mga lupain; SaOi: ill ha n. All the town. ang kana G. Hafig ka-ihutan, All the wor d. Bulan'g mga San-g dai^dijian. All the uni- lupMn. verse. Sang kapilipi- All the Filipi- nnhan. nos. Mag-ama. Father and non (tnroarnrnan. A little master. or

Maligalignya, Somewliat hap- Kababayan. Countryman, py. of the Same Malay61ay6. A little distant people. ) Malapitlapit. A little near. Klamamamayai I. Fellow-citizen.

Kababanwa, ka - Of the same Pag alls ko. After I have banwanhin. country. gone. Kab.insfmnin. Of the same Pag lakad mo. As soon as you nation. walk. Pag pan hi k ng As soon aF> your Katao=i8a ka- A single man. tatiiy mo. papa comes or tao goes up Kaputol, kapi- A single piece. Pagka misa. After the mass raso, kapi- is over. sang, kapi- F^agka in6m. After drinking. ngas, kapilas PaB;ka kain. After eating. Anim katao. Six persons or.ly. Aug pagbasag. The act of bre.iking. Kakakain ko pa. I have just Ang pagk aba- The effect of eaten. sag. b©ih^ broken. Kaiinom pa He has just Aug paghagis. The act of niya drunk. throwing. Kasasalitfl pa He has just niya. spoken Ang pagkahagi» The eflEect of having Kafingat ka. Be very careful. thrown. Katatapang Be courageous. kayo. Atig Pag ka- Divinity, daity. diyos. Binalingbing. Formed like an Ang pagkatao Humanity. octagon, AMg pagkaga- .Goodness. which is the ling. form of a fruit Angpagka«am?i. Badness. called boMig- bwg. fCasaraa. Companion Tinalahib. A rice plant re- mate, col- sembling, the league. talahib grass. Kaeapi. Partner, asso- Tinabasan. pi- Remaining pie ciate. nag ta has n. ces, cuttings. Ka-klase. Claf^smate. Inahitan, pinag- Stubbles. Kaiar6. Playmate. ahitan. • Kaiskuvrela; ka- Fellow-scholar. Kinayasan, pi- Ra pings. if^kolMnhin. nagkayasan.

Kas ima sa p ig- Fellow travel- Pinulutan. Thing made of lalakbay. er. honey or food

Kasalo. Commensal. 1 wiih honey. •170-

Sinabatan. A mat woven Panilos. Penknife. with designs. Panitik. Pen. Sinulaman. An embroi- Pamahid. Cloth for cleaii- dered mat or ing. cloth. Pang-ahit. Razor. Pangbatas, pa- Puncher, borer. Panguskos. A brush for mutas. cleaning. Pahali, A cord or rope for tying. Pamukpok. A hammer.

—«^N^vsAAAAAAAA/vvv^*"^

XXVI.

verb ay, and Ang taliihifiQ t badyang ay, at The ligament and ang mg^ badyang may-'may'' the verbs may^mayroon, wala, roon, walSf na^nasa at wala na-nasa and wala sa. sa.

MGA HALJMBAWi SA PAGKA TALABISQ NG AY. EXAMPLES OF AY USED AS LIGAMENT.

Si Gnag Pransiska ay nagsa- Mrs. Francis speaks (or ie salitA. speaking). Si Gnig Huwanita ay sumiisualt. Miss Jenny writes (or is writing) Si G. Pablo ay gum^gawa (og Mr. Paul works (or is working) nag^agawA). Ako'j/ kumakain. T eat. I am eating. IkAw^y umiinom. You drink. You are drinking. Siya'i/ lumalakad. He walks. He is walking. Tayo^i/ nag-aaral. We study. We are studying Kayo'i/ nagtuturd. You teach You are teaching. SilaV nakikinyig, They hear. They are hearing. They listen They are listening Kami'?/ naumamasid. We observe. We are obaerving. Ang umiibig sa kapw&--tao ay He who lovea his fellow-being umibiig sa Diyos. loves God. Ang m2:a nangangailansan ng Those who want books may come mga aklat ^y makaparirito at to get th^se books. kunin it6ng mga aklat. — 171—

Kung tunay na ibig mong dumu- If it is true that you wish to be a nofig, ay mag-aaral kang ma- learned man, you will study buti. well. MGA HALIMBAWA SA PAGKA BADYA NO AY= EXAMPLES OF AY USED AS VERB.

Ak6 ay pilipino (ako'y pilipino.) I am a Filipiio. Filipino ako. Tayo'y mga lalakirg pilipinhin. We are Philippine men. Mga lalaking pilipinhin tayo. Kayo'i/ mga babaing pilipinhin You a7'e Philippine women Mga babaing pilipinhin kayo. SiWy niararaiigal. Mararangal They are honest. >Ha. Kayo p6 ay maalam. Maalam Yon are wise, sir. p6 kayo. Ang ibon'g tengkeng ny maganda. The bird tengkeng is pretty. Maganda ang ibon'g tengkeng. Ang paham ay si G. Langharadyd. The learned man is Mr. Lang- haradyS. Ang marangal ay si G. Malinis. The honest man is Mr. Malinis. Noon'g araw kayo at/ akin'g ka- Formerly you were my enemy; galit; ngajOH tayo'j/ mMgkai- now w^e are friends. bigan. Kahapon siya ay maysakit; bu- Yesterday he tons sick; tomorrow kas ay magaling na. he m// be well. MGA HALIMBAWA SA MAV-MAVROON AT WALA EXAMPLES OF MAY-MAYROON AND WALA.

Ako'y mayrooii^ p^nulnt. ' Ako'y may panulat. }\ have a pen. Mayroon^g panuLit ako. Mayroon akong panulat. Kayo'y mayroon^g salapt. Kayo'y m^iy salapl. Mayroon^ g ealapt kayo. You have money. May salapl kayo. Mayroon kayong salapt. J SilA'y mayroon^g mga kald. Sila'y may mga kald. Myaroon^g mga kald sila. They have hats. May mga kald sila. Mayroon silang mga kald J — 172—

Ako'y ivalang panilos. > I have no penknife, W'Ua akong paniloe. Ikaw'y tvdlan^ aklat. Yc»u have no book. Yon have not a book. IVala kang damit. c You have no clothes. Walang damit ikaw. Sila'y walang sapatos. Walling sapatos si la. They have no shoes. Wain silang sapatoa, Mdyroon ba kayong ainelas? Have you glipper»? Mayroon ba siyang bagong kalo? Has he a new hat? Mayroon baga kayong rnga have you carobaos? kalabaw. M'lyroon baga silflng mga pa- Have they shoes? rukfi? May parukfi. baga sila? Have they shoes.

May parukA ba siya? Has ho shoes? » May kabayo ba kayo? Have you a horse? May lapis ba ika>Y. Have you a pencil? >/aj/ lapis ka ba? Have you a pencil? May kuderno ba ikaw? Have you a copy-book? May kuderno ka ba? Have you a bopy-book? May aklat ba ang iy(tKg kaibi- Has your friend a book? gan? Mayroon bang mga aklat ang Have your friends books. mga kaibigan mo. Wala ka ba^^ang babay? Have yon ro houFe? Wala ka bang b:ir6? Have jou no shirt? Wida. bagfi kayong lamesa? Have you not a table? Wala ba silang bukid? Have they no farm? fCay6 ba'y may kayamanan? Hnve you riches? Sila bag>i'y ivaJang mgapag aar)? Have they no property? Tayo hei^yioalang sariling banwa? Have we not a native-countr\ ? Ako^ mayroon ngay6n. 1 have novr.

Ak6'y mayroon kabapon. f //ad yesterday, Ako'y mayroon bukas. I sfuill have to-morrow. Ako'y nagkai^oon noon'g isang I had last wt^ek. linggo,

Ako'y ruaîajkaroonsam .kaliiwa I sh 11 have the day after tomorrow. Ibip: Vongmagâroon kanpsalapl^ T want you to have money. Kayrt pA ny amin'p: Pangnlo. You are our President K;iy6 pd ay naging Pangnlo ng You were w, municipal president. Vâlen. You became a municidal pre^ dent. —173-

N'i{;in(j guro siyn. He W(t^ for became) a teacher. Ma^iuing pari ang kapatid mo. Your brother u4ll be a priest. Saving gtuieral «i G. Noryel. Mr. Nor^ el ivas a general. Mag tag m. tap.it ka. \ Be l()3al. U'lg rnatMpat ka iHayroon^g in;>a Buridang. There are knives. .Ifiy tab 4, my^ooti'^y tiibig. There is water Walang tinapay. There is no bread. Walang mga pinggau. /There are no plates. Hindi miokakaroon ng mabuting Inhere wUl be no good crop next ani sa taori'^ daratiiig. year.

!dGA B i DYANOSAy NA 00 THE VERBS SJ\, NA 00 NA NASA, ^7 WALASA SA, /izVD WALASA.

*t inyo. Wilh you. Suma inyo. Wns or were loiih you. Surndsa inyo, Am, arcj or is, tvith you. AS'asa inyo. Shall be, or ivill he. with you. Suma inyo. Be with you. ^a sa iyo ba ang akin'g rels? Have you my watch? iVa sa akin ang relos mo. I liave your watch Wala sa akin txug kuderno mo. I do not have your copy-book. Na k«y Hose. Joseph has it. iVd kiiia Lasaro. Na»a kiua La- Lazarus and company have it. saro. Na sa kanila ba ang mga mid- Do they have my brother's stock" yas ng akin'g kapatid na la- incTs? Have they my brother's laki? stockings? liya; Yesterday you had the bible; ngayon ay nasa akin, at bukas now I have it; and to-morrov namin ay na sa kaniya. he will have it. 174—

A^asaan ang mga hiyas? Saan na- Where ^^^ the jewels? roon ang mga hiyas. A^a sa mangangalakal. The merchant has them. Sumdsa La» git ka. Thou art in Heaven. Mapa sa amin ang kabarian mo; Thy kingdom come. parito ang kaharian rao. Narini; nayari; nandini Here it is. Here--is; here---are. Narito; naito; nandito. Here it is, Here--is; here -are. Nariyau; naiyan; nandiyan. There it is. There --it-; there-are. Nraoon; nayaon; nandoon. There it is. There-ij^; there-are.

XXVII.

Pagkokonghagd s% pamam igitan ng Conjugation by the verbal par- mga tipik badyaon^g urn, mag, tides urn, mag, ma, mang ma, mang at maka, sa tinig and maka, in the active and aktunhin at pasunhin. passive voice. ACTIVE UN.

Ugat (Root)--^-— Kaiu.=, -^Kat.

o Nakaraan (Past) Kumain. Ate; haveor hase^len. t r^ Kasalukuyan {Present) Kumakain, Eat, eats. S| Darating {Future) Kakain. Shall eat, will eat. ** ^ Panghardp (Imperative and «"^ Infinitive Kumain. Eat; to eat. ^ Badyaon (Verbal) Pagkaiii. The act of eating.

PASSIVE IN.

Ugat (Root) Kain.^ Eat.

° Nakaraan (Past) • Kinain. Was or were eaten. ^ Ate. a Kasalukuyan (Present) — Kinakain. Is or are eaten. Eat,

i Darating (Future)^ --Kakaininog Shall or will be eat- «^ kakanin. en. Shall or will ^ eat. Panghardp Imperative and Infinitive) — Kaininog Let it be eaten; to be kanin. eaten. Eat it.

Ako'y kumakain ng tinap»y. I eat bread, I am eating bread. Kumdkain ako ng tinapay. , . -175-

Akiii'g kinakain ang tinapay. I eat the bread, The bread is Kiniikain ko ang tinapay. Ang eaten by me. tinapay ay akin'g kinakiiin. Ang tinapay ay kinakain ko.

Kinain ko arig isda. i ate the fish. The fish was eaten by me Kumain ako ng pipino kahapon. I ate cucumber yesterday. ICinain nmo ang pipino, Yuu ate the cucumber. You have eaten the cucumber. Ikaw'y kuniAkain. Kumakain You eat. You are eating. ikaw. Kumakain ka. Siya'y kumakain. Kumakain He {or she) eats, He (or she) is siya. eating. It eats It is eating. Kumain ng saging. To eat banana». Kainin an(7 saging. To eat the banana. Kainin cwg mga Baging. To eat the bananas. Kanin ang mais. Eat the corn. Akin'g kakanin, kakanin ko. I sahll eat it. It will be eaten by me. lyong kakanin. Kakanin mo. You will eat it It will be eaten by you. Kniyang kakanin. Kakanin niya. He (or she) will eat it. It will be eaten by him {or her). Atin'g kakanin. Kakanin natin. We shall eat it. It will be eaten. by us. Inyong kinain. Kinain ninyo You have eaten it. It has been (7\(l(iy6n) eaten by you {noiv) Kanilang kinain. Kinain nila. They ate it. It w^s eaten by them. Kakakain ko pa. I have just eaten. Kak^kain mo pa. You have just eaten Kakakain pa niya. He has just eaten. Kakakain pa ninyo. You have just eaten Kakakain pa namin {og natin) We have just eeten. Kakdkain pa nila. They have just eaten. ACTIVE UM * Ug(H (Hoot) In6m. = Drink. a Nakaraan (Past) Umir.om. Drank; have or has drunk. {Present) I I Knsaluknyan — Umiindm. Drink, drinks. ® Darating {Future) linom. Shall drink, will drink. ^ Pungharap {Imperative and Infinitive) Uminom. Drink; to drink. Badydon (T erbx/) Pag-inom. The act of drinking . .

— 176-

PASSIVE IN

U^dt (Root) Inoin. " -Drink. drunk. Drank. ^ Nakaraan {Past) Iniriom. Was ^ ^ Kasalnfcuyan {Present) —Iniinom. Js drunk. Drink, I S" ^ drinks, '^ i finurnln. Will be drunk. SHmII ^ DfiratiM {Future) oa or will drink. ^ Pang}uirdi){Imp.andlvf)'l\\\xn\n\. Let it be drunk; to l>e drunk. Drink it.

I drinking Ako'y umiinom ng tubig. Umi- 1 drink water. am inom ako n| tubig. water. Akin'g iniinom ang alak. Ini- I drink the wine. The wtne is inom ko ang aUk. Ang alak drunk by me. ay ftkin'g inlinom. Ang alak ay inlinom ko,

[nincSm ko ang kape. I drank the coffee. Uminom ako ngserbesakahapon. I drank beer yestenlay. Ininom uio ang gatas You drank the milk. Ikaw'y umfinoni. Umiinom You drink. You are driiiking. ikaw. Umiinom ka. Umin6m 71^ tub&. To drink tubft. [numfn avg tubil. To drink the tubn. Inumln ang hinebra. Drink the gin. Akin'g iinumin linumin ko. I will drink it. I shall drink it. fyong finumin. linumin nio. You shall drink it. You will drifik it It will be drunk by you. f^laniyang iinumin. linumin He {or she) sh^ll drink it. niya. He {or she) will drink it. It will be drunk by hirn (or her)

Atin'g finumin, Iinumin nntin. We will drink it* We shall drink it. Amin'g linumin. Iinumin na- We will krink it. We shall min. ^ drink it. It will be drflnk by us. Inyong ininom. Ininom ninyo You h ve drunk it. It has been

{uQaydn) drunk by you {now . KanilAng ininom. Inindm nila. They drank it. It was drunk by them. Kaiindm ko pa I have just drunk. Kalindm lamanf? niya. He has just drunk. Kalinom mo pa. You have jupt drunk K^Jinom pa ng i\ ong kasama. Your companion has just druidt. . . .

-177—

Kaiinom pa ng iyong mga Your playmates liav»- just kalaro. drunk. Kaiinom pn ng kftnilflng mga Their schoolmates have just kaiskuwela. drunk. ACTIVE UM

U?(H (Root)- - SulHt. = -«--Letter; writing. §_ NaA;ar

- 7J written. writes. 2 E Kasalukuynn { Present) -'"^\\mx\^\\\?(\ Write, " Shall write, will write. % Daratini: ( Fatnre) -Susulat.

IJgdt (Root)'' - ...Sulat = Letter; writing. Wrote. ^ Nakaraan (Past )-.--. Sinulat. Was written. _ Kasnlukaytin {/^resent)- - Siniisulat. Is written. Write, "^^ (I- writes. TJ} % S Davating (Future) Siisulatin. Will be written. Shall or will write.

; to S / 'angharup ( Imp. and fnf ) -Sulati n Let it be written be written. Write it

PvsaiVK I

ITgat {Root) . Sulat. = - - - Letter; writing.

Past.) - - - - - Wrote with (the ins- ^ Nakaraan ( Isinulat. • trument of writing )

^x Kasalukuyan ( Prssent) - - Isinusulat, Write or writes with. S i Davating [Future) Isiisulat. Shall or will write with.

?c Fani^harap [Imp. and Inf.) [sulat. Writ*^ with [the ins- trument of wriling] PASSIVE AN

Ugdt {Root) Sulat. = Letter; writing. Nakaraan {Past) .... - Sinulatan. Wrote in or on. Kasalukuyan {Present) ^ ^ SiniisulatvU Write [or writes] in

OS ^ or on (Future) Shall Vor will! write 1 I Darating Siisulatan. ^ ^ in or on. on. To I* Pansharapifmp.and /nf.).^xx\2iitin. Write in or write in or on. —178—

Ak6'y sumiisulat iig is^ng liham I write a letter to my father. sa akin'g ama Suiuusulat ak6 Dg isang liham sa akin'g ama Siniisulat ko ^ng liham. Akin'g I write the letter. smusulat ^ng liham Ak6'y siisulat da papeL I am going to write on the paper, Siisulatau ko ang pap^l I shall ( or will) write on the paper And ba ang Biniisulat ni Pedro? What does Peter write? VVha is Peter writing? And ba ang isindsulat ni Pedro? With what does Peter write? With what is Peter writing? Lapis ang isiniisulat ni Pedro. Peter writes with a pencil. Peter is writing with a pencil.

Sumulat ka ) (Thou) Write 1

Sumulat siya I Let hi in or her 8umukt tayo Oji write proBe com ng parayon. kami ) Let us write position

I Sumulat ka}'6 » (You) Write Sumulat fiita Let them write

Sujatin mo 1 (Thou) Write

Sulatin niyo i Let him or her I <^$ Sualtin natin \ , ,^ write ^^^*- the poem. namia ^^^ Leo us write }

Sulatin ninyo { (You) Write I Sulatin nila . J Let them write J faulat mo 1 (Thou) Write Isulat niya Let him {or j ^1" Isulat natin : her) write >angpamtik. with the pen. namin Let us write fsulat ninyo ! [You] Write Isulat nila j Let them write Sulatan mo [Thou] write ] Sulatan niya Let him or her | Sulatan natin og • ang pisarang- write on the black

namin { daJig. Let us write board.

Sulatan ninyo ! [You] Write Sulatan nila J Let them write

PIGKOKONGHUGA NCi BADYANG ''LUMAKAD'\=^COBiV GATION OF THE VERB "LUMAKAD*'. AKTUNHIN ()

- Nakar. [Past] Lamakad. Walked ; have or has walked « 179-

Kasal» [Pres] Lum^lakad. Walk, walksr.

Dar. [Fut ] - Lalakad. Shall or will vvalk^ Pghar, [[mn. and Inf.]-Lurnakad, Walk; to walk.

Bady&on [Verbal - - - Paglakad. Walking.

PASUNHIN. (*)

AN IN I

Makar -Linakaran o? Linakad a^; nilakad. Ilinakad og ini- nilakar^n. lakad.

ICadal. -Linilakaran og Lin^lakad oip^ nihilakad. Ilinalakad a^f ini* nilalakaran. lalakad Dar. - -Lalakaran. Ldlakarin. Ilalakad. Pghar. • Lakaran. Lakarin. Ilakadv

pagcokonghugA n(3 b\dyang ''UMAbOT' =oonjv^ GATION OP THE VERB ''UMaBOT,'' Ugdt: Abot. Uinab6t.=To reach, to get. AKWNHIN

NTakar. [Past] Umab6t. Retched; got. Have or h^a reached; have or haa gotten. (Canal [Pres.] - - • - Umaabdt. Reach, reaches; get, geta Dar. [Fut] Anbot. Shall or will reach; shall or will get. P^har. (Imp. and Inf.)-Uniab6t. Reach; get. BadySon [Verbal] - Pag-abot. Reaching; getting. PASUNHIN

IN I AN Nakar. Tnabot. Iniabot. Inabutan. Was reached or gotten. Kasal. hiaabot Iniaabdt. Inaabutan Is reached or gotten. Dar. Aabutin. laabdt. Aabutan. Will be reached or gotten. P^har. Abutin. I;ib6t. Abut^n« Be reached or gotten.

[*] Ang salitang ^'aktunhin'^ ay galing sa latin'g actus na buhat sa badyang f^i^o na ang kahulugdn sa tagalog ay **gumawa'\ **magtagnyod*\ Ang salitang ''pasunhin^' ay galing sa latin*g pas$U9 na buhat Fa badydng patior na ang kahulugfin ay '*magtiia^\ **magbati.'' •180— PAGKOKONGHIJGA NO BADYANG TION OF THE VEtiB Ugnt: Yari, Yumari.^ro finish the work aKTUNHIN.

Nakkr. [Past.] Yurnari. Finished; have or has finished»

- - Kasal. [Pres j - Yuinayari. Finish, finishes. Dar. [Fut.J Y^ayari. Shall or will finish. Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.] -Yurnari. Finish; to finish. Badyaon [Verbal] - - Pagyari. Finishing. PA SUNHIN.

IN I Nakar, Niyari. Iniyari. Kasal Ni\ ayari. Iniyayari. Dar. - Yayariin. lyayari. lyari. Pghar.- - Yariin ACTIVE MAO.

- - - Uxdt (Root) — Aral . — Doctrine, instruction,

- • - § Nakaraiiu (Past) Nag-aral. r^tudied ; have or hius studied. I S Kasahikuyan (Present) - Nag-aral. Study, studies. Daratin^ (Future) - - Mag iaral. Shall or will study. Panghanip (Imperative

7^ and Infinitive) - - . . \[ug-aral. Study; to study.

Badyaon (Verbal) . - - Pjig-aaral. The act of studying. PASSIVE PAG-AN.

IJgdL (Root) . - . . ^ral.= - - - Doctrine, instruction, Nakaraan (Past) Pinag-arahin Wjis studied. Kasalukuyan (Present) PinAg-aaralan. Is studied £ I Daraiinfn (Future) Pag aaralan, Shall or will be studied. Pan^kiirdp Imperative Pag-aralan. Let it be studied; to

and Jnfmittve. be studied. Study it,

PASSIVE PAG— I

Uf^dt (Root) . . Aral.= Doctrine, instruction g Nakaraan (Past) I pi nag-aral. The reason, means oi I I fCasahiktiyan (Present) ^ . Ipinag anral. tinje on which, by oi £ g Daratin^ (Future) ..... Ipag-aaral. for which, a person ^ H /^an^hardp (Imp and studied. Etc., etc. ^:^ ' ^«/J Ipau-aral.

Nag-aaralako ng wik^ng pilipinhin. I study the Philippine language — 181 -

Pinag-aaralan ko ang balarilkng I study the Philippine grammar. pilipinhin. Nag-aaral ka ba sa iskuwelahan? Do you study in sohool (or at school)? Nag-aaral ba si Huwan ng batas? Does John study law? Nag-aaral siya ng midisina. He studies medicine. Piaag-aralan mo baaag iyoiig lis- Did you study your lesson? yon.^ Nag-aral tuyo- We have studied.

PAGKOKONGHUGA. NS BADYANG 'Mf 4(7 /5ZP". -CONJUGA- TION OF THE VERB ''MAG 1SIP'\

U^at: Isip. Magisip. -tT^ think. ARTUNHIN.

Nakar. [Past^ - - Nag-isip. Thought; have or has thought. Ka«aL [Pr^s ] Nag-iisip. Think, thinks. Dar. [Fut.] - - - Mag iisip* Shall or will think.

Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.] - Mag-isip, Think; to thmk, Badyion (Verbal) - - - - Pag-iisip. Thinking. PASUNHIN. PAG-IN PAG-AN PAG-I Nakar. Pinag-isip. Pinag-isipan. Ipinag-isip. Kasal. - Pinag-iisip. Pinag lisipan. Ipinag-iisip. Dar. - - Pag iisipin. Pag-Iisipan. Ipag-fisip. Pghar. ..---- Pag-ii^ipin. Pa^-isipan. Ipag-isip. Ano ang pinag-iisip mo? What are you thinking about? Pinag-iisip ko ang akin'g nangu- I am thinking about my lonely ngulilang kabuhayan. life. Huwag mo akong pag-isipan ng Do not think bad things of me. masam&. Ano ang ipinag-iisip mo ng gani- What is the cause of your think- yan'g karaming bagay-baga} ? ing about so many things?

I pag-iisip ko n^ mga ibang pa- I will think of other means to raan ang bagay na ito upang settle the matter. malutas. PAGKOKONQHUGA NG BADYANG ''MAGTAP0N'\=C01^ JQGATION OF THE VERB ''MAQTAPON'\

Ugcit: Tapon. Magtapon.=To throw. -182- aKTUNHIN.

Nakar. [Past] Nagtapon. Threw; have orha» thrown. Kasal. [Pres.] .-....- Nagtatapon. Throw, throws. Dar [Put.] Magtatapon. Shall or will thr(»w. P|har. [Imp. and Inf.] -- Magtapoiu Throw; to throw. Bady&on [Verbal] Pagtatapon. Throwing, PASUNHIN.

I. AN. Nakar. Itinapon. Tinapunan* Kasal. ....-.- Itinatapon Tinatapunan. Dar. Itatapon. Tatapunan. Pghar. - - Itapon. Tapunan. Huwag mong itapon ang papel sa Do not throw the paper on tho

flahig. I floor. Huwag kang magtapon ng papel, Don^t throw paper. Itapon ninyo. Throw it. Bakit kayo nagtatapon ng mga Why do you throw books? Hklat? Bakit itinatapon ninyo, og bakit Why do you throw the books? ninyo itinatapon, ang rnga aklat? Hindi namin itinatapon. We do not throw them. Itinapon ba niya ang bulaklak? Did she throw the flower? AUn ang knniyang tinapunau ng Where did she throw it? bulaklak? Ang daanangkaniyangtinapunan. She throw it in the road.

PAGKOKONGHUGA ng BADYANG •'J/4(7/?IOiF \—CONJU GATION ON THE VERB ''MAGBIGAY'\

Ugdt: BigSy. Magbigay. To give, AKTUNHIN

Nakar. [Past.] Nagbigay. Gave; have or has given. Kasal [Prest] Nagbibigay. Give, gives. Dar. [Fut.] Magbibicijrty. Shall or will give

Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.] - - Mi^gbigay. Give; to give, Badydon [Verbal] - - - • - Pa^bibigay. Giving. PASUNHIN. L AN.

Nakar. - - - Ibinigay. Binigyan. Was given. i -183-

Kasal. - - . - Ibinlbig^y. Binibigyan. Is given. Dar. Ibibig^y* Bibigyan. Shall or will be given. Pghar. - . . . Ibifefiy. Bigyan. Be given. Kagbibigay ak<5 ng salapl sa iyo. I will give you fcome money. Bibigyan kita ng ealapi. will give money to you. Ibibigay ko sa iyo (^ng galapl. I will give you the money. Kanino mo ibibigiy ang talaa- To whom will you give the die- mani!kan? tionary? Sine ang bibigyan niya ng arit- To w^hom will he give an aritb- misan? metic? Si Karyo ung bibigyan niya ng He will give Karyo an artitb aritmisan. metic, Bibigyna eila ng Uakanin. They will be given food. PAGIKOKONGHUGA NG BADYANG ''MAGWALiS''—COnTO GATION OF THE VERB ''JUAGWALfS'\

Ugnt: Walls. Magwalis. = To sweep. AKTUNHIN.

Nakar. [Past.] -..-•-- Nag walls. Swept; have or has swept -* Kasal. [Pres.] .*-..• Ntigwawalfs. Sweep, sweeps. Dar. [Fut.] . . ^ . . . . Magwawalis. Shnll or will sweep.

Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.] - Magwalis. Sweep; to sweep. Bady&on [Verbal] Pagwawalis. Sweeping. PASUNHiy. IN. AN. L

Nakar. [Past ] • Niwalis Niwalisan. [niwalfa. Kasal. [Pres] Niwawalis. Niwawalisan. Iniw^wali» Dar. [Fut.] - ^ Wawalisin. Wawalisan. Iw&walis Pghar. [Imp. and Inf ] - - Walisin. Walisan. Iwalis.

PAGKOKONGHUGA ng MGa BADYANG ''LUMABAN'' at ''.\/AGLABAN^\

Lumaban.=To reiist, to contradict, to fight. Maglaban.=To resist, one another; to wrestle, to fight each other. AKTUiXHIN. UM. MAG.

Nakar - - Lumaban. Naglaban. Fought; have fought. -181—

Kasal. Lumalaban! Naglalaban. Fight. Dar - - - - Lalaban. Maglalabao Will tight. Pghar. Lumaban. Muglaban. Fight; to fight. Badyfton Paglabna. Paglalaban. Fighting.

• . PASUNHIiV,

AN. PAG-AN, Nakar.— Linabanari og nilabanan Pinaglabanan. Kasal.— Linalabanan og iiilala- Piaaglalabanan. banan. Dar. --- Lalabanan. Paglnlabanan. Pghar™ La banan. Paglabanan.

I. PAG-IN PAG-I. Uinaban og inilaban. Pinaglaban. Ipinaglaban. Ilinalaban og inilalaban. Pinaglalabaii. Ipinaglalaban. Ilalab.in. Paglal^banin. Ipaglalaban. Ilaban. Paglabanin Ipa^laban, Magpulong =To hold a meeting.

Nakar. (Past-) Nagpulong. Held a meeting. Knsal. (Pres ) Nagpiipulong. Hold a meeiirig-

Dar (Fut.) . Ma^piipulong. Will hold a meeting

Pghar. (Imp. and Inf.) . . Magpulong. Hold a meeting; to hold a meeting. Bady^on (Verbal) ...... Pagpupulong. Holding a meeting. Maghiwalay.^To separate from each other.

Nakar. [Past.l - Naghiwalay. Separated from each other. Naghihiwalay. Separate from each , Kasttl. [Pres.] other. Dar. [Fut.] Maghihiwalay. Will separate from each other. Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.] - - Maghiwalay. Separate from each other. Badyaon [Verbal] ----- Paghihivralay. Separating fn>m each other.

Mag8int||,han.»=To loye eaoh other.

Nakar. [Past.] - - Nagsintahan. Loved each other. Kasbl, [Pres.] ------Nagsisintahan. Love each other. Dar. [Fut.] Magsisintahan, Shall or will love each oth^r. .

—185—

to Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.] - - Magsiatahan. Love each other; love eftch other. Badyiion [Verbal] Pagsisintahan. Loving each other. Magkagalitan.-To get angry with each other [oi' id one another]

Nakar. [Past] Nagkftgalitan. Got angry with one another. Kasal. [Pree.] Nagkakagalitan. Get angry with one another. Dar. [Fut.] Magkakagalitan. Will get angry with one another. with on» Pi>har. [Imp. ani Inf.] .. Magkagalitan. Get angry another ; to get angry with one another. with Bady4on [Verbal] Pagkakagalitan. Getting angry one another. Magtin.i>in-tinginan.-=To look at each other very much. .Vlagsakit-Bakitan.=To feign, to be sick. Magbahay.=To make a house, Magbigas.--=To sell rice. Vlag-ikino. ^To sell huyo. Mag-ikmuhan.^To work in the bnyo Held. Magbangk&. = To go in a boat, to ride in a boat Magkabanalan.=To exercise in virtue. Maginarunong, maginaalam. = To boast, to be wi^e., ACTIVE MA. dread. . Fear, Uj^dt (hoot) ...... Takot. = . . or were afraid. I yakaraan (Past.) ...... Natakot. Was are wis afraid. I?- k'asMlukuyan (Present) . . . Nakatakot. Am, afraid. i^ I Daratinn (Futuye) ..... Matatakot. Shall or will be

Jit, Panghavap ( /mperativ* fear; to fenr. ^ and /nfinttive) Matakot. Be afraid ; afraid; Hadyaon ( Verbal)...... Pagkatakot. Fear; being fearing PASSIVE KR—AN

Ugdt {Root) Takot.= - - - Fear, dread. 5 Nakaraan (Past) - - - Kinatakutan. It whs feared; etc. 1^ k'asalukuyan {Present). - Kinatatakutan. It is feared; etc. {Future) - - - It will be feared; etc. (2 I Darating Katatakutan. feared. tL Pangharap{hnp, and /nf.).K-dLi&\iViiSLn. . Let it be T« I be feared. ;

•186-

I Natatakot ako sa kulog. Ako'y 1 am afraid of the thunder. natatakot sa kulog. fear the thunder. Kinatatakutan ko ang kidlat. I am afraid of the lightning Akin'g kinatatakutan ang The lightning is feared bj me kidlat. I fear the lightning. ACTIVE MR

Ugdt {Root) ...... Galit.- - - - Anger, ire.

(Past) - - - Got angry. I Nakayatn Nagalit, '^ angry. g Kasalulcuyan \ Present) - Nagagalit. Get angry, gets i g Damting {Future). - . Magagalit, Shall or will get angry. l1 Pangharap {Imp, and

I M.) - - Magalit. Get angry. Badyaoi {Verbal) « . Pagkagalit, The act of getting angry.

PASSIVE KA—AN

ire Ugdt {Root) . . . -^ Galit.= - - - Anger,

- - - 1 NaJcaraan ( Hast) Kinagalitan.

K^saluhnyan Present) -^ Kin^gagHlitan. t^ \ 2 Darnting - - I {Future) Kagagalitan. &1 Pangharap {Imp and I /nf,) . . Kagalitan. PASSIVE MAKA—AN

Ugdt {Root) - . . Galit.- - - - Anger, ire, o ^Nakaradn {Pasat) Nakagalitan. &salukuyan {Present) Nakakagalitan. S g Darating { future) - Makakagalitan.

Eii Pangharap {Imp. and

- - Makagalitan.

Nagagalit ka ba sa akin? Are you angry at me? Are you angry with me? Hindi ako nagagalit i^ iyo. I am not angry at you. I am not angry with you. I do not g#t angry with you. Nagagalit ba siya kay Pedro? Does she get angry with Peter? Ib she angry with F^eter?

Hindi siya magagalit sa kaniya. :;jShe will not be angry with him. Kinagagalitan mo ba ako? Are you angry with me. Hindi kita kinagagalitan. I am not angry with you. Kagagalitan ba niya si Pedro? Will she be angry with Peter? Hindi niya kagagalitan siya. She will not be angry with him. . —187—

Kagagalitan ko ang anoman'g I shall get angry at any bad gawang mftsamA. action, Nakagalitan ako ng akin'g ama My father got angry with me dahil sa iyo. because of you. Nakagalitan ko siya, I get angry with him. Nakakagalitan mo sila. You get angry with them.

PAGKOKOKONGHUGA NG BADYANG '' MAMATAY.'' =

' * CONJUGATIGN OF THE VERB MAMATA F ' Lgat: Matay. Mamat^y. -To die. AKTIJNHIN.

Nakar (Past) Namatdy. Died. Kasal. (Pres.) ----- Namamatay. Die, dies Dar. (Fut.) ------Mamamatay. Shall or will die.

Pghar. (Imp. and inf.) - Mamatay. Die.

Badydon (Verbal) . ^ - - Pagkamatay, Dying. PASUNHIN

KA—AN. MAKA—AN. I (IKA). Nakar. Kinamatayan. Nakamatayan. Ikinamatay. Kasttl. Kinamamatayan. Nakakamatayan. Ikihamamatay. Dar, Kamamatayan. Makakamatayan. Ikamamatay. Pghar. Kamatayan. IMakamatayan. Ikamatay.

Ang matapang na sundalo ay na- The brave soldier is ready to hahandang mamatay dahil sa die for the country (for the bayau. people) Lason ang ikinamatay niya. Na- He died because of poison. He matay sa lason. died of poison. Ang atin'g Mananakop (Atin'g Our Lord died for the salvation Mahal na Panginoon) ay of mankind. namatay dahil sa kaligttisan ng sangkatauhun. Ang kalig, tasan n^ sangkatauhan ang ikinamatdy ng Atin'g Mahil na Panginoon. Ang tinubilanglupa ang ikina- The intrepid patriots die for the mamatay ng mga magiting. fatherland. Namamatay ang mga magiting sanhl sa tinubtianglupd. Ito ang bahay na kinamatayan This is the house where my ng kapatid kong lalaki. brother died. Ang ili na kamamatayan ko, ay The town in whieh I shall die ang akin'g ili. is my town. )

"188-

Kamatayan ko ang sariling Let me die at home. tahanaiK Maniatay ako sa sariling tahaaaa. Matulog. =T() sleep.

Nakar. (Past) Natulog. Ir^lept. lv*sal. (Pres.) Natdtulog. :3ieep, sleep^^. Dan (Fat.) --.-.- Matdtulog. Shall or will sleep, Pghar. (Imp. and Inf.) - Matulog Sleep.

BudyAon (Verbal) - - - - Pagkatulog, pag- Sleeping. tuiog. ACTIVE MANG (MAN, MAM.)

rgai (Hoot) - - - - Laga8.== - - - Thti fall of mai.y leave» and fruits. Nafcaraaii ( I'ast) - - - Nanglagas. They were falling. xMany fell.

3 I Kasaiiiknyan {hes.) - Nanglalagas, They are falling. "^ -1 DaratiNg (Fut,) - - - Mangl^^lagas. They will be falling. '^^^ Faoj^hanrp {imp. and

Inf.) ' - Manglagas. Be falling

Bddyaon ( I'n'hal) - - Panglalai^as. The act of falling.

rr-dt (Root) .-.--. . DigmA.= - - War.

« - ' Nakaraan {Past) Nangdigma. Warred; were warring. ^ * KamlnJcuyaJi {Pres.) - NangdirigmA. Are warring. * ^ Darating {Fat ) - - - Mangdirigma. Shall o>' will war. Shall or will be war-

'' Pangfiarap {Imp. and Inf.) - - - Mangdigma. War; to war, to be warring.

Badyaon ( V^erbal PangdiriginA, The act of warring PASSlVa PANG-lN.

- - PinangdigmA I Nakanvm {Pad) S J Kasalukayan (Pref< ) - HinangdirigmA. 2 S Darating (Fat,) - — - Pangdingmain.

^ tl Pangharap {Imp. and ^' In),) ~ - ' Pangdigmoin. PASSIVE PANG—AN.

I Nakaraan {Pad) - - Pinangdigmdan. (Pres ) - PinangdirigmSan, c I luiHaliikuyan * S Darating {Fut,) - — - Pangdirigmaan. ^ Pangharap {hnp. and

- - - i* Inf.) Pangdigmlan. —189—

PASSIVE PANG— I.

Vg(H {Root) - - DigmA.-- W^r.

c Nakaraan {Fafit) - - - - Ipinangdigrna.

{ - ipinangdirigma. I I KasaUtkuVan Fres,) Darating {FtU,) - - - - Ipaiigdiriguia, I I 3s^c Paugharap {Imp. and ^ li}f ) - - - Ipangdigind.

PAdKOIvONGHLJUA NG BADYANG '' .^fANULAT'\ ^ uONjauAnoN of the verb ''^ianulat:^

Ug(H\ Sulat. Maniilat. — To write professionally. To be writiri, AKTUNUIK

Nakar. [Past.] - - - - Nanulat. Wrote.

ivasai. [Pres J Nauiinulat» Wiite, writes. l>ar. [b'ut.J/- . - . - - Mandnulat. Shnll or will write. Pghar, [laip. and luf.J - Maiiulat. Write,

- liaiyaoa. [ Verbal] - - Panuuulat, Writing, PASUNH/N

PAN—IN. PAN— I. PAN—AN.

Nakar. - • ^^iiiaimlat. Ipinaiiulat. Piuanulat.in.

Knsal. - . Piaiauiiulat. Ipinatuinulat. Piiianiiaulaian.

l)ar. - • - Pauuimlatiii. [paiuiaulat. Puiiuaulatan.

Pghar. - - Paaulaiia. Ipaaulat. Pauulataa.

PAGKOlvONGHUGA NO BXDYiNG ''MAMAIIALA>\=^ CONJUGATION OF THE VISRB ''MA^V/AHALA^^

llgdt: Bahal^. Mamahala.—To govern- AKTUNHIN

Nakar. [Past] - - * - ^ Namahal^. Governed. Kasal LProB'] - - - . N.imamahala. Govern, f^overas. Dar, [Fut ] .-....- Maaiamahal^. Shall or will govern

Pghar. [Imp nnd Inf.] - Mamahalii. Govern, Badyaoa [Verbal] - - - Pamarnahal^. Governing. rASUNHlN

PAM—AN. PAM—I. Nakar ...... Pinamahalkan. Ipinamahalli. Kasal. - . . . u . . • Pinamamahalkau. Ipinamamahal^. —190

Dar. Pamamahalaan. Ipamamahala. Pghar. - .-...-. Pamahal^aii. Iparnahala. PAGEOKONGHUGA NG BADYANG ''MANGUHa^\^ CONJUGATION OF THE VERB ''MANGUHA.^^

UgM: Kuha. Manguha.==To gather; to take, to be taking. AKTUNHIN

Nakar. [Past] - Nanjiuha. Took; gathered. Kasal. [Pres] - Nangiinguha. Take, takes: gather, gathers. Dar. [Fut.] .:.... Mangunguha. Shall or mil take; Shall or will gather. Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.] - Manguha* Take; gather. Badyaon [Verbal] - - - Paugunguna. Taking; gathering. PASUNHIN PANG—IN. PANG—AN, Nakar. - - Pinangha. Pinanguhanpn, og pinangunan. Kas^L - " Pingungiiha. Pinangiinguhanan, Of/ pinangii- ngunan. Dar - - - Pangunguhanin, og Paniiunguhanan, og pangii- paugungunin. ngunan.-' Pghar. - - Panguhanin, og pa- Panguharjan, og pangunan. ngunin.

PANG—I. Ipinanguha. Ipinangurjguha. Ipangiinguha Ipanguha.

PAGKOKONGHUGA NG BADYANG *'MANG/lJVLONG^^ = CONJUGATION OF THE VERB ''MANGANLONG.'^

UgoX: Khnlong. Ma«ganlong.=Tc shelter. AKTUNHIN Nakar. (Past) NanSanlong. Sheltered. Kasal (Pres) Nanganganlong. Shelter, shelters. Uar. U^utJ . . . Manganganlong. Shall or will shelter. Pghar. (Imp. and Inf.) . Manganlong. Shelter. Bdyaon (Verbal) .... Pan^-anganlong. Sheltering. —191— FASUNH/N PANG—AN, PANG-L

Nakar, , . Pinanganlungan. Ipinanganlong.

Kasal. . . Pinanganganlungan! Ipinanganganlong.

Dar. . . . Panganganlungaii. Ipanganganloug.

Pgimr, . . Panganluagan. Ipanganlong. AN. Kinanlungan. Ikinaiilong Kinakanlungan. Ikinakanlon^. Kakanlungan. Ikakanlong. Kanlungan. Ikanlong.

PAGKOKONGHUGA Ng MGA BADYANG ''MANG/I A^AD>' AT '' MAJVGISDA.''

Ugat: Akad. Mangakad.=To go hunting, to hunt.

Nakar. [Past] , . , . . Nangakad. Hunted. Kasal. [PreB.J Nangan^'akud. Hunt, hunts. Dar. [Fut] Mangingakad. Shall or will hunt.

Pgh.ir. [Imp. and Inf.] . Mangakad. Hunt.

Badyaon [Verbal] , . . Panganiiakad. Hunting.

Ugat: Isda. Mangisd^.==To go fishing; to catch fishes.

Nakar. [Past] .... . NanJiisda. Fished. Kasal. [Pres.] Nangingisda, Fish, fishes. Dar. [Fut] Mangingisda. Shall or will fish.

Pghar. [Imp, and Inf ] . Mangisda, Fish.

Badydon [Verbal] . . . PangingisdA, Fishing.

ACTIVE liAKA (potentiality.)

Ugat {Root) .... Sulat.=Writing, letter.

Pangharap sa um: Sumulat, = To write.

^ Nakaraan (Past) . . . Nakasulat Could oi' might write.

5 kasahikuyan {J^res ) . Nnkasusulat. Can or in^j write. t ^ Darating (Fut.) . . . Makasiisulat. Shall or will be able ^ w, to write. Can or ^ t may write.

« ^ Pangharap {Imp. and

^ Inf.) . Makasulat. Be able to write. May or can write.

Badyaon {Verbal) . . Pagkasulat. Being able to write. —192— PASSIVE MA,

Pangharap sa in: Sulatin, -Write it; to be written.

Ntikaroon (Past) . . . Nasulat. It could be writt-n. « 1 Kas'ilukikyan ( Pr( sent) . Nasusulat. It can be written. ^ O'f i rating (Future) . . Masusulat. It can be written. ^ ^. Pangharap (Inifj. and Masulat. That it ina\ ))e written.

Pangharap sa /; l.siilat. = To write with; to be written with.

Ndkaraan (Past) Naisnlat. It could be written with

I I Kamlukvyan (Present) . Naisiisiilat, It can be written with.

^P Darating {Future) . . M;.isiisulat. It can be written with. S)^ Panharap (Imp. and Maisulat. That it nifty be written with

Pangharap sa an: Sulatan =To write on or \n.

J Nakaraan ( Pa^t) . . Nasulatan. g g Kasalukuyan ( Pret^ent) NaJ^ii sulatan.

-a Darating (Future) . Masusulaian. ^ w Pangharap (Imp. and

U Inf ) . . Masulatan.

Mrtisiisulat mo ba ang lapis na Can you write with this pencil. ito? Naistisulat ko ang lapis na ito. T can write with this pencil, Nasulatan ba ninyo ang papel na (buld you write on that paper? iyan? Nasulat ko na ang liham nang I had written the letter when you dumating ka. came. Nakasulat na ako ng liham I had written a letter when you noon'^ kayo'y dumating. came. Naaulat narnin ang amin'« mga We could write our (composi- kathar tions. Nanfniwla akong pagbalik mo I believe thai when you come nsayon'g hapon-ary-m^ilat ko back this afternoon I shall na ang akin'g liham. have written my letter already. Sinulatan ba nU atin'g kaibigan Did our friend write in his copy- ang kuderno niya? book? Hindi niya Binulatan. He did not write on it.

PAGKOKONGHUGA N(5 BADYANG '' MAKaGAWA'\ CONJUGATION OF THE VERB ''MAKAGAWA'' Ugdt: Gaw^. . . «

—193-

Panghardp sa urn: Gumaw&.==To make, to do, to work.

Makagawl. = Can or may work; may or can mi»ke: may or can do. AKTUSUIN

Nakar. [Past] NakagawA, Kaea}. [Pres,] NakagdgnwA 0(7 nakAkagawA.

Dar. [Put ] Mak^gAgawA og rnakiikagawA.

Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.] . MakagawA

BadyAon [Verbal] , . . PagkagawA. FASUNHIN

IN. I. AN, Nakar. NagawA. Naigrtwd, Nagawan (nagawAdn.) Kasal. NagagawA Naig^gawA. Nagagawan,

Dar. . Magi^gawA. MaigagawA. Magdgwan. Pffhar. MagawA. Magawan.

PAGKOKONGHUGA N(5 BADYANG ''MAKAPAGAW a:'

CONJUGATION OF THE VERB "' MAKAPAGOAWA,''

Pangharap sa mag: MaggawA =Td work MakapaggawA. =Can or may work. AKTUNHIN

Nakar. (Past) NakapaggawA Could work. [nakapagtrabaho]

Kagal. (Pres.) ... NakapaggagawA, o^i^ Can work. nakakapaggawa. Dar. (Fat.) MakapaggagawA, og Shall or will be makakapaggawA able to work. Pghar. (Imp. and Inf.) Makapaggawa [ma- Can work, beabk kapngtrabaho] to work

BadyAon (Verbal . . PagkapaggawA. PASUNH/N IN. L AN.

Nakar. . . NapaggawA. NaipaggawA. NapaggawAan (napag- gawin).

KasaK • . NapaggdgawA. NaipaggdgawA. NapaggilgawAan -1P4- MapaggagawS^n. Oar. . . . Xfapaggrfgawd MaipaggagawA M«paprgawaan (mapag- Pghar. . . MapaggavvA. Maipaggawd. gawan).

PAGKOKO^^GHUaA NG RVDYAnG 'UrAKAPANGARAU>. '' - CONJUGATION OF THE VERB ''MAKAPANOARAL

Vgai: Aral, pangaral.

Pinghardp sa mang: ^^angaral=.To preach. MaHpangaraK=Can or may preach. AKTUNHIN

Nakar. [Paat] ..... N:ikapan5ara1.

Ka?al. [Prps.] , , • • . Nakapan&*»ngara1, og nftklWapangara!* Oar. [Put.] \fHkapan5fin aral, og mak^kapnngaraJ. Pghar [tmn. ani fnf.]- Nfakaoangnral. Badydon [Verhal] Pagkiipang:arfil, PASUNHIN

Nfakar. Nai pangaral. NapanUaralan. KaaaK Naipanga- Napangangaralan. ngaral.

Dar. • Ma I pan ga- Mapangangar^Ian. nlaral, PJhar. Maipangaral. Vfapangaralan

ACTIVE MAKA [causality].

(Jgat(Root) Ginhawa.= . . Alleviation, comfort

Nalaraan (Past.) . . N^k^ginhawft. It cnuFed comfort. \ Kasalvknyan fPres.)' Nakajfiginhawa. It cauj^es comfort or 3 8 allevi.tion.

£i I Daratlng (Future) . Makasiginlinwu. It will cause allevit\t ion. « Pangharap (Imp, and

Fnf.) . . MMkagrinhnwa. To canpse alleviation.

' Badyaon (Verbal) . Pagkaginhawa. The act of causing comfort. PASSIVE IKA.

- Ugat (Root). . . . Ginhnvva. - - Alleviation, comfort. —195-

Nakaraan (Pant) . • Ikinagiiihawa. It was the cause of the alleviation oi comfort.

Kasalukuyan (Pre^.) . Ikinglginhawa, It is the cause of the alleriation or comfort.

2 Darating (Put.) . . Ikaglginhawa. It will be the cause ol c the alleviation oi comfort. Pangharap (Imp and ar the la/J • • . Ikaginhawa. Be the cause of oUeviation or comfort.

Alio kayd ang makietgfgiLhawa sa What will alleviate my pain? akin^g sakii? Ang Banal na Palasambahan The Holy Religion will alleviate ang makagiginhawa sa iyong your pain. fiakit. Ano ang nakaginhawa sa may. What relieved the eick person? sakit? Ang gam6t na iyong ibinig^y 8a The medicine you gave him re- kaniya ay siyang ta kaniyu'y lieved his sickness. nakaginhawa. Ano ang ikinarnatay ni Horhe? What was the cause of George''» death. Lagnat ang ikinamatdy niya. Fever was the cause of his death. Namit&y siya au lagnat. Fever caused his death. H« died of fever.

PAGKOKONGHUGA NG badyAng PASUNHIN^G ''IKA PAGKASUND0'\=C0^3UGATl01f OP THE PASSIVE VERB IKAPAGKASVSDO.''

l)aai\ Sundd,

Pangharap sa tnagka: Magkusundd. -^To reconcile each other; to settle dil- ferences on friendly terms.

IkapagkasundA. ^To be the motive of the reconciliation. Ikinapagkasundd. Nakar. [Past] . o . . . Kasal. iPres.] Ikinapagkakasundd. I)ar. [Fut] Ikapagkakasundd.

Pghar. Ll»np. and Inf.] . Ikapagkdeundd .

— 196-

AOTIVK MAKA [completeness.]

Ugat {Root) . . • . Yari.=Pini3hed work.

Paiighanip ^i\ urn: YumarL=To fiinish the work; to conclude. Nakaraan Nakayari na. Had finished the work. Shall or will have finished the work

Fiiyxghardp Makayarl na. After . . . hhve or has finished the work. PASSIVE liA,

Sakaraan Nayari na. Panghar^p Mayari na.

PAGKOKONGHUGA SA U<^k BADYANG ''SUMULAT\ ''MAG ARAV\ '\MATULOG'' AT ''MANOANLO/VO'\ SA KAHULUGANTx KAGANAPAN. ~ CONJUGATION OP THE VERBS '\SUMULAr\ ''MAOARAL'\ ''MA^ rilLOG'' AND ''MASGANL0NG'\ IN THK MEANING OP COMPLETENESS. a Nakaraan ..... Nakasiilat na. Had written. Shall or will have written.

I Pangharap Makasulat na After . . . have or < has written. I Nakaraan Nasulat na. It had been written. I Panghardp .... Masulat na. After it has been m written. a Nakaraan ...... Nakapag-aral na. Had studied. Shall or will have studied. 3 PangharAp Makapag-aral na After have-.- or has

• ^ • studied. a Nakaraan Napag-aralan na It had been studied- ^ It will have been

fl studied. * Pangharap . . Mapag-araUn na. After it has been ^ studied.

^ Nak^^raan , Natulog na. Had slept. Shall or % will have slept. I Pangharap Matulog na. After- -- have or has ^ slept. —197—

^ Nakaraan ,.,... Nakatulugan na. Had alept. Shall c>r I will have alept. Pangharap Makatulugan na. After-— have or haa I ..... slept. a Nakaraan Nakapanganlong I had sheltered. I I na ako. shall have sheltered. 3 Panghariip ..... Makapanganlong After I have sheltered, "^ na ak6.

^ Nakaraan Napanganlungan ko na. • Pangharap .... Mapanganlungin mo na.

Nakaraan Napanganlungdn na niya. Pangharap Mapanganlungdn na natin.

XXVlil

Prigkokonghvga sa pavmmagitan Conjugation by the verbal parti- ng ti/pik badyaon^g magpa, cles magpa^ maki, pa, magka, maki, pa, magka, waging, maging, magsl, and magsa, magsl, at magsa, sa tinig akin the active and passive voices, tunhin at pasunhin. ACTIVE MAGPA.

Ugat (Root) . . . . 8ulat.=Writing, letter. Sumulat =To write. MHgpasulat,=Order to write, make write. o Nakaraan {Past) Nagpasulnt. Ordered to write, ^ ^ KasalukuYan (Pres.) - • Nagpapasulat. Order or orders to

31 write. I 1 1 Darattng (Fat.) - - - • - Magpipasulat. Shall or will order to " « Pangharap (Imp. and write. J In/ ) - - - Magpasulat. Order to write. Badyaon {Verbal) - - • ^ Pagpapafiulat. Ordering to write.

PASSIVE PA—IN.

§ Nakaraan {Pa^) ...... Pinasulat. I 2 Kasalukuyan (Present) ... Pinasusulat. £ g Darattng {Future) Pasiisulatin. - ^ Pangharap (Imperative 9 at%d Infinitive) Paaulatin. ~I98~ PiSSIVE PA~I, Nakaraan (Past) I ,.,.., Ipinaeulat. Kasalukuyan {Presat) g f • . . , IpinaMisulat. £% Daratitjg (Future) ..... IpaBiilat. & /^anghardp {/mp and * ^'/0 Ipasulat. PASSIVE PA-AN.

^akaraan iPast) Pinasulatmn. I ^ ^ Kasalukuyan (Present) Pinasusulatan. - g fMrating (Future) Pasusulatan. -^ Panghdrp (Imp and n Inf.) Pasulatan. Magpasulat ka sa kani} a ng Make him write your name. iyong pangnlan. Ipasulat mo sa kaniya ang Make him write the mane Je9U$ pan^alan'g Hesiia. Pasulatiii mo ang ijong mga Order your pupils to write on alagad sa kanilang mga their slates. pisara. Suwag mong pasusulatan Do not let them write on th« sa kanila ang mga aklat. book. Nakasulat na siya ng liham lie had written a letter when noon'g siya'y pasulatin mo. you ordered him to write.

PAGKOKONGHUGA NG BADYANG ''JUAGPAGUPir\^ COSrJUGATION OF THE VERB ''MAGPAGVPIT'

Magpiigupft.=sTo have one^s hair cut. AA^TUMIiy

Nakar. [Past] NagpagupH ako. I had my hair cut. Kasal. [Pres.J • . • • • Nagpapagupit ka. You have your hair cut.

Dar. [Fut.] - Mag papagupit siya, He will have his hair cut. Pghar, [Imp.and lQf.]-Magpagupit tayo. Ltt ns hftve our hai? cut.

BadyAon [Verbal] . Pagpapagupit niW. Having their haircut PASUNBIN

I. AN^

Nakan • Ipinagnpft. Pinagupit^n.

Knsal. . , - . . Ipinagugupft Pinagiigupitdn, 199—

DrtT. Ipagiignpft. PagugupiUn. Pghar. - Ipaguptt Pagupitan.

Saan mo ibig ipagawA ang iyong Where do you wish to hav« your damit? Saan tno ninanHismag clothes made? pagaw^ ng iyong djimft? [big kong magpataht i>g aking I wish to have my clothes sewed dam it sa bahay ni Duwaldu. hi Ned's house. Papag-aralin mo ang iyong mga Make your children study [or anak. learn.] Papag-aralan mo sa kanila ang Make the^n Uarn the catechism. icatesfs. NEUTER MAPA.

[•\Mapa'\ NutlA ] Ugdi (Root) Kalunuran. Occident, west M[apakalunuran,==Tc go towards the vest.

Niikaraan (Past) - - - Napakalunu- He went, or has gone. ran siya, towards the went.

;; Kasolukiiyan (Present) Napapa kalu- You go towards the m nuran kayo. west*

a Darating (Future) « • Mapapakalu- We shall go toward» nuran tayo, the west. ^ Panghardp (Imperative Mapakalu- Let them go toward»

and Infinitive) - • • . nuran sil^. the west.

Badydon (Verbal) - - • Pagkapaku- Going towards the lunuran. west. ACTIVE MAKI.

f7;^'l (Root) Bill— buy; sell, Makibili.= To meddle with others in buying. Makipagbili= To meddle with others in selling* VIakipamili= To meddle with others in purchasing.

d KaJcarnan (Past) . • - - Nakihih'. ^ ^ Kamhikuyan {Present)- - Nakikibili. - 2 g PanitCng (Future) Makikibilf. au H PangJuirap (Imp and Makibili. u Badyaon {Verbal) - Pakikibili, .

—200—

Nakipagbill, Nakfkipamili. Nakikipagbill. NakfkipamiU. Makikipagbilf. MakfkipamiH. MakipagbilL Makipamili. Pakikipagbili. Pakikipamili. PASSIVE PAKI

IN.

8 ^ Nakaraan {Past) - - - Pinakibili. 2 8 Kasalukuyan {Present)- PinakikibiK. 2 I Darating {Future) - - - Pakikibilhin. t Pangharap (Imp, and & /n/J .; Pakibilhin.

I. AN. Ipinakibili. Pinakibilhan, Ipinakfkibili. Pinakikibilhan. Ipakfkibilf. Paklkibilhan. Ipakibili, Pakibilhan. AN. IpinakipagbilL Pinakipagbilhan. Ipinakikipagbill, Pinakf kipagbilhan [pakikipagbili. Paklkipagbilhan. Ipakipagbilf. PakipBgbilhan. PAGKOKONGHUGA NG BM)YA^^Q/'MAKILUGOIX' «CONJUGATION OF THE VERB ''MAKILUGOD.' Makilugod, makigaldk= To congratulate. AKTUNHIN.

Nakar, [Past] - Nakilug6d. Congratulated •

Kasal. [Pres] - - Naklkilug6d. Congratulbte. Dar. [Fut.] Makikilug6d, Shall or will congra tulate. Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.] Makilugod. Congratulate. Badydon [Verbal] ^ Pakikilug6d. Congralulating. PASUNH/N. AN.

Nakar. ... - Pinakilugur^n. Ipinakilugod.

Kasal. - - . ^ - Pitiaklkilugaran. Ipinaklkilugod. Dar. ------Paklkiluguran. Ipakfkilug6d.

Pghar. - -^ • - - Pakilugurin. Ipakilugod. —201—

M:ikipag.il)it2;aii. To love each otlier. Maki[)agtaninian. To hate each other. Makipagsalitann. To speak with each other. Makibigfis. To ask for a little amount of rice. Makiasin, To ask for a little salt Makiinsik. To act or behave like the Chinese. Makikastila. To behave or act like the Spanish. Mikitao, To resemble a person. Makihayop. To resemble a beast, ACTIVE PA.

Uij^it (Root) Ampon. = Protection.

Paamp()n. = To ask for protection. r Nakafaan (Rfst) Napaampon. Asked for protection. t ^ Kasahihnjafi {Prts,) - - Napaaampon. Ask or asks for pro- ^ 1 tec t ion p^ o Daratiiig (Fat.) - - - - Paaampon. ^ Shall or will ask for X protection jf Pangharap {hnp, and Inf,) - - - Paampon. Ask for protection. liidyaon (Verbal) - - - Pagpaampon. Asking for protection PASSIVE PA.

IN. I Nahiraan (Past) - - Pinaampon. If Kasolukiiyaa (Present) Pinaaampon. ^i Darating (Future) - - Paaampunin. ^ ^ Panghardp (Imp, and U Inf.) - Paampunin.

I. AN. Ipinaampon, Pinaax^punan. [pinaaampon. Pinaaampunan. Ipaaampon. Paaanipuniin, 1 paampon. Paampunan.

PAGKOKONHUGA NG MGA BADYAN^G ''PArfW at "P4- iJOO.V^'. = CONJUGATION OF THE VRRBS **/\4i2/TO". AND ''PAROON'\

Parito.=To come here. Paroon. = To go there. , . . .

—202- AKTUNHIN

Nakar. [Past] . - . - Naparito. Came here.

. - - - Kasal. [Pres.J Naparirito, og na^ Come or oomes here. paparito.

Dar. [Fut ] - - Paririto, og papa- S^hall or will come rito. here. Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.] -Pari to. Come.

Badyaon [Verbal] - : Pagparito Coming, ,

* PASUNHIN

AN {place, iikt^ place, person) IKA (caiiMve, motive,)

t Nakar. - . . . . . Pinarituhan. Ikinapnrito,

Kasal. Pitjarirituhan. I kina paririto. Dar Parfrituban Ikaparirito. Pghar...... Parituhan. Ikaparito. AKTUNHIN

Nakar. [Past] - - - - N^paroon. Went; have or ban gone. Kasal. [Pres] - - - - Napar6roon, og Go or goes. i^apaparoon.

-' Dar. [Fut.] -^ . - - Pardroon, og pa- Shall or will go. paroon Pghar. [Imp. and' Inf Paroon | Go. BadyAon [Verbal' - - Pagparoon. Going. PASUNHIN

AN {place, like place, person). IKA {canse, rnofiVf} Nakar. .-..-- Pinaroonan. Ikinaparoon.

" - . - - Karal. . - Pinaroroonrfn. I dnaparoroon. Dar. Paroroonan I!. par6roon.

Pghar. ...--. Paroonan, 1 aparoon.

PAGKOKONGHUGA NG M(5a BADYAN'I PASUNIJINn^y

''PAPARITUHIN^^ '' AT PAPAMOONfN^ . =;COiiJVGA^ Tl )N OF THE PAS^^IVE VERBS PAPAPL TUIIW AND '\PAPAIiOO: !N'\

P^P^rituhin mo siya. ^ Sa 1 — Order him to mie here; t(^ll him to conje li fe. Magpa y ! Paparoonin. t( Order him ; o there; tell him t(^ J go there. -203-

- NaVar. [ Past 1 - » Piiiaparito. Pinaparoon.

~ - . - JCasal. I Pres ] Pinaparfrito. Pinaparoroon.

Dar. [Fut ] - PaparirituhiiK og Paparoroonin, o^ pa- PH])aparituhin. pjiparoonfn.

Pghar. [T'lip. and Inf ] - PAparituhin.^ Paparoonln, og papa- runin.

Pahalik - - ' To allow one's self to be kissed.

- " Pad'^ya, og pa ray a - To nllow oae'fl self to be deceived. Pa

IJgaf (Hoof) ----- Salapi. = Money, some money

\Iagkasalapi,== To get money, to have money,

I iVit/caraan {f\ist) - - - Nagk sulapl. Got money. 3 '^ K^imlak^t)/an (Present) Nagkakasalapi. Get or gets money. ^ I D'lratinq (Future) - - M gkakasalapi. Shall or Avill get

^ ^ Paaghardp (imp. and money. I Tnf.)- - "^'agkasalapi. Get m

B'ldyaoti (Vrrh hi) - - - - Pagkakasalapi. Getting money. PASSIVE PAGKA

i. AN. o Nakaraan (Past) • - - [pinagkasalapi. Pinagkasalapian. ^ ^ K'lsaluhiyan (Present) Ipinagkakasa Pinagkakasalaplan, lapi.

- - 1 Pagkdkasalaplan. 1. £ Darating ( luUv/re) pagkakasalapi. ^ "^ Pangharap (Imp, and Ipagkaealapi. Pagkasalaplan. '

—'^fM-

PAGKOKONGHLTCiA NG BADYANG '' MAG KAROO V NO MABUT/NCr /^^//.^0". = CONJUGATION OF THE VKRB '*A/AGKAROO.V NG MA/yU'I /NG rALAI),''

Magkaroon ng mabuting palarl.=To have or get good luck; to have succors. AKTUNHIN

Nakar. [PastJ - - - - Nagkaroon ng mabuting palad.

Kasal. LPres.J - - - - Nag-kakaroon ng mabuting palad.

Dar. [Fut.] - - - . . Magkakuroon ng mabuting palad. Pgahar. [Imp. andInf.]-Magkuroon n| mabuting palnd. Badyfton [Verbal] - - Pagkakaroon ng mabuting palad. PASUNHIN

I (oause, niotiv). AN (place). Nakar.-- Ipinagkaroon nij ma- Pinagkaroonan ng mabuting buting palad. palad. Kasal. - - Ipinagkakaroon ng Pinagkakaroonjin ng mabuting mabuting palad. palad. Dar. - - - fpagka'karoon ng ma- Pagkakaroonan ng mabuting buting palad. palad. Pghar. - - Ipagkaroon ng mabu- Pagkaroonan ng mabuting ting palad. palad.

PAGKOKONGHUGA NG BADYANG ''MAGKASAKIT^-^ CON.JUG A TION OP THE VERB' 'MA GKASA KIT '

Magkasakit. =To fall ill; to get.siok, to get sickness.

Nikar. [Past] - - - - Nagkasukit. Fell ill.

Kasal. [PresJ - - - - Nagkakasaldt. Fall or fal In ill. Dar. [Fut.] ----- Magkakasakit. Shall or will get si(;k P^har. [Imp. and Inf ]-Magkaaakit Get sick. Badydon [Verbal] - - Pagkakasaklt. Getting sick. PASUNHIN

I (cause, moti'm). AN (place, person).

Nakar. - Ipinagkasakit. Pinagkasaktan, og pinagka.sakit4n. Kasal. -- Ipinagkakasakit. Pinagkdkasaktan Oflrpinagkakasakitan. Dar. - - - Ipagkakasakit. Pagkakasaktan, og pagkakasakitan. Pghar. - - Ipagka.«akit. Pagkasaktan, o,i^ pagkasakitan. PAGKOKONGHUGA NG BADYANG ''MAGKA 7 IPO N^\ = :' CONJUGATION OP THE VERB '' MAGKATIPON

Magkatipon.=To meet, to assemble. AKTUNIHN

Nakai\ [Past] .... Nagkatipon. Assembled.

Kasal. LPres.J . - - . Nagkakatipon. Assemble Dar. [Fut.l - - - - - Magkakatipon. Shall or will assemble. Pghar, [Imp. and Inf J-Magkatipoii. Assemble. Radyaon [Verbal] - - Pagkakatipon. Assembling. ASUNHIN

1 {cause). AN {place J like place),

Nakar. - - Ipi nagkatipon. Pinagkatipunan.

Kasal. - - Ipinagkakaiipon. Pinagkakatipunan, Dar. [pagkakatipon. Pagkakatipunan.

Pghar - - Ipagkatipon. Pagkatipunan. Nangagkatipon ang mga akadem- The academicians assembled in # vanhin sa **Ibtituto ng May- the ** Manila Institute.'' nilk." Pinagkatipunan nihi ang Bahay- They assembled in the School- PaaraUn. Houge. Ano ang kanilang ipinagkatipon? What is the reason of their hav- Bakit sila nangagkatipon? ing assembled? Why did they assernbled? Ipinagkatipon nila ang paghaha- They assembled for the election

lal sa mga galawad na biibuo of the members who will form ng Sangganuin'g Tagapatnugot. the Board of Directors. Nagkagutom ang ill. There was famine in the town. Magkakagutom sa Inngsod, There will be famine in the city. Nagkagul6 sa balen. There was tumult (or distur- bance) in the municipality. Magkalansaglansag. To be broken into small pieces. Magkawalatwalat. To be destroyed entirely. Magkahalohalo. To mix. ACTIVE liAGING

(Jgat {Root) .-.--.. Halaman.^ Plant, vegetable. Maging halaman. = To be changed into a plant. .

—20H—

5 Nakaraan ( Past) . Nagfng halarnan. Kasiilukuyan {Pvesent) I ¥ . Nagiging halanian, CI. g Davating {Future) Vlagiging !)aljiman. &-- /^anghardp {/mp and Magiiig halamaiK

Hadya

Nakaraan ( Puit) . . Ipinaging halaniarr

Kas' till /cityan • ( Present) [pi nagiging halarnan.

/ai/. ) . . , Ipaging halanian r IK A ic(fuse).

-^ Ikinapaginjj; halarnan. Ikinapagiginf4 halanian. Fkapagiging halanian. Ikapaging hahinian # PAGKOKO^iGHUGA NG BADYANli 'MAGINGMAYAMiN'' ^CONJUGATION OF THE VERB ''MAGI ^G MAYA^fAN,'

Maying mayanian.=lo becornf^ rich. Af-^TUNHIN

Nakar. [Pastl - - - NTaging niayaman. Became rich

• - - - berome- Kasal [ Pres | Nagiging rnayaman. Hecomc or rich.

Dar, f^^U 1 Magiging^inayaman. Shall or will bHconic^ rich. Pihar. (Imp. and Inf J-VIaging rnayaman. Become rich.

- Badyaon ( Verhal | Pagiging rnayaman. Becoming rich

P SUNII IN

I {ciliise) IK A (cai/sp). Nakar Ipinaging mayaman. Iki na pagi ng mayaman Kai-al. Ipina^igiru mayaman. Ikinapagiging mayaman. Dar. Ipagiiiing mayaman. Ikapagiging mayaman Pihar [paging mayaman. Ikapaging mayanjan. 207—

PAGKOKONGHlIGx\ NG MGA BADYANG PASDNHIN^G 'V ^^ /'AG/KG DAP/ir/N]' AT ""I'^PAGING PARIIN'\^ (OiNMUGATlON OF THE PASSIVE VERBS ''PAPA GISO DAPATIN'' AND ''PApAQiAf; PANllN'\

Sa \ Papaging d^patin ^iya sa pagrnamahal.^^ him Worthy of steenj. ^ I' Make J Papagiiig pariin, = To be ordained priest; ma^ehim priest

Nakai" [Past] . - ~ - Pinapa^ing dapat. Pinapagiug pari.

Kasal. [Prt\s.] ^ - - - Pinapagiging dapat, Pinapagigin^ pari.

Dar. fKut 1 Papagiging dapalin, Pap^giging pariiii.

P^har. f Imp. and Inf. ] Papagfng dapatin. Papaging pariin.

Naging pangido ang iyong kai- Your friend ha-^^ been a presi ibigan. dent. Your friend was a president Aug aliln nio ay naging tamad. Your servant has turned out a lazy fellow. Nang inaging dalawang buwan. After two months. ACTIVE MAG^I.

Vii(^{ (Root) - " Dating, Anival.

Dumating ==To e-ome, to arrive, Magsirating ==Let many people come or arrive.

r Sakaraan (Past) - - - Nagsirating. I g Kasalukuyan {Preeent)' Nagsisirating. £ I Daraiing {Future) - - - - tMagsis-irating.

^ ^ ^ Pangharap {Imp. and ^ Inf.) - - Magsirating. liadyaov {Verbal) Pagsisiratfng. PASSIVE PAGSI.

1 {canse). AN {local).

Naknraa.n (Past) - -v. Ipinagsirati'ng. Pinagsiratingan, og

': pinagsiratnan.. ^ 1 Kasaluhuyan (Present)' - Ipinagsisira- Pinagsisiratingan. og g ^ ting. pagsisiratnan.

^ p Daraiing (Future) - * - Ipagsisirating, Pagsiriratingan, Oif ** ^ pagsisiratnan. Z ^ Panghardp (Imp. and s h}f,) - - " Ipagsiruting. Pagsiratinfan, o/>i pagsiratnan. —208—

PAGKOKONGHUGA NG BADYANfr* M AGS I PAGLA K HAY^\ -CONJUGATION OF THE VERB '' MAGSIPAGLAKBAY^'

Araglakbay.^To travel; lo make a journey or trip, Magsipaglakbay. - r^t many people travel. AKTUNHIS

Nakar. [Past] - - - - Nagsipaglakbay. Kasal. [Pres.] - - - - Nagsisipaglakbay.

Dar. [Fut.] - - - - - Magsisipaglakbay. Fghar. [Imp. and Inf ]-Magsipa^lakbay.

IN (dUenninate object) AN (place).

Nakar. - - Pinagsif>aglakba;y. Pinagsipaglakbayan. KasaL - - Pinagsisipaglakbay. PinagBiBipaglakbayan. I)ar. --- Pagsisipaglakbayin. Pagsisipaglakbay an.

Pghar. - • Pageipaglakbayin. Pagsipaglakbayan.

PAGKOKONGHUGA N(5 BADYANQ '' M AGSIPANALANGIN''' -CONJUGATION OF THE VERB ''MAGSIPANALANGIN,''

Manalangin. ==^To pray. Magsipanalangin. — Let the multitude pray. AKFUNIHN

Nakar. (Past) - - - • Nagsipanalangin. Kasal. (Pres.) - - - - Nagsisipanalangin.

Dar. (Fut.) - • - - - M tgsfsipanalangin. / Pghar. (Imp. and Inf.)- Magsipanalangin. Badyaon (Verbal) - - - Pagsisipanalangin. PASUNH/N

I (cause or motive). AN (local or place).

Nakar. - - Ipinagsipanalangin. Pinagsipanalanginan.

Kasal. - - IpinagsisipanaJangin. Pinagrisipanalanginan.

Dar. - - - IpagslsipO'Ualaiigin. PagsisipHnalanginan. Pghar. - - Ipagsipanalangin. Pagsipanalanginan. PAKOKONGIIUGA NG BADYANG ''MAGSIPAGGALAK'\-^

(.^O^^.IUGVTrONf OF THE VERB '' MAGSIPAOG ALAK^'

Maggalak, magsaya. -To rejoice, to congratulate. Magsipaggalak, magsipagsaya.=Let many people rejoice or congratulate. . .

—209— AKI IINH/N

Nakar. (Past) - ^ - - NagsipaggaUk. Nagsipagsaya.

Kisal. (Pres.) - - - - Nagsiaipaggalak. Nagsisipagsaya

Dir. (Fut.) - - - - - Magsisipaggalak Masisipaggaya. PghaY. (Imp. and Inf )- Magsipaggalak. Magsipagsaya.

Badyaon (Verbal) - - - Pagsisipaggalak PagsiaipHg.^aya PASUNHiN

I (cftwse).

Nakar. - - Ipinagpipaggalak. Ipi naggipagsaya.

Kasal, - . Ipinagsfsipaggalak. Ipi nagsfsipagsaya.

Dar, - - • Ipagsisipaggalak. Ipagsisipagsaya.

Pghar. . . Ipagsipaggalak. Ipagsipagsaya.

AN {place), Pinagsipaggalakan Pinagsipagsay ahan

Pinagsisipaggalakaii. Pinagsisipagsuyahan. „ Pagsisipaggalakan. Pagsisipagsayahaa. Pagsipajjgalakan. Pagsipagsayahan ACTIVE MAGSA.

Ugdt {Root) - . - - - Amerikaiio, amerikanhin.== American.

Magsaamerikano, niagsaamerikanhin. - To behave like

an Anierican; to conduct one\s self like an American

Ugdt (Root) - - Hapon, hApunmin,=Japanese.

Magsahapon, magsahapunmin =To act like Japanese.

I Nakaraan {Past) .... Nagsaamerikano. J ^ Kdsaliikuyan {Present) . . Nagsasaamerikano. t I Darating {/^nttive) ... - Magsasaamerikano. "Z Pcinghamp{/mp. and

7^- /^^/.) - ^ - Magsaamerikano. Badyaon (Verbal) Pagsasaamerikano

Nagsahapori. Nagaasahapon. Magsasahapdn. Maggahapdn. .

—210 — PASSIVE PAGSA.

IN (deJerminate object).

Nakavaan Past) - - - - Pinagsaameri- Pinagsahapon.

c ^ kano. -^ Kasalukuyan {Pvesent) . . FMiingsasa- Pinagsasahapon. - J amerikano. Davating {Future) . - . Z I Pagsasaanie- Pagsasahapunin. t likanuhin.

^^ Fanghayap {Imp and

^ ^^^f^) - - Pagsaimeri- Pagsahapunfn. kanuhin,

I (cause). Ipinagsaainerikano, Ipinagsaliapon. Ipinagsaaaanierikano. Ipinagsasahapon. Ipagsasaanierikano. Ipagsasahapon. Ipagsaamerikano. Ipagsahapon.

AN (place). Pinagsaamerikanuhan. Pinagsahapunaii- Pinagsasaamerikanuhan Pinagsasahapunan. Pagsasaamerikanuhan. Pagsasahapunan. Pagsaamerikanuhan. Pagsahapunan.

PAGKOKONGHUGA NG BADYANG ''MAGSAP1LIPIN0'\ CONJUGATION OF THE VERB ^WlAGSAPILIPINO:'

Magsapi]ipino. = To conduct one's self, or to behave, like a Filipino. A KTUNllIN

Nakar. [Past.] - - - - Nagsapiiipino.

Kasal. [Pres.l - - . - Nagsasapilipino.

Dar. [Fut*] - ~ - - - Magsasapilipino. Pghar. [Imp and InfJ-Magsapilipino. Bady^on [V^erbal] - - Pagsasapilipino. PASUNUIN

IN {detennmaie chject) I (cause).

Nakar. - - Pioagsapilipino. Ipinagsapilipino,

Kasal. - - Pinagsasapilipino.. Ipinagsasapilipino.

Dar. - - - Fagsasapilipinuhin. Ipagsasapilipino.

Pghar. - - Pagsapilipinuhiii. Ipagsapilipino —211 —

AN (place). Pinagsapilipinuh'iii. Pin^gsasapilipinuhan. Pagsasapilipinuhan. Pagsapilipinuhan. Sumapilipino, sapilipinuhin; To Filipinize; to make Philip- mag?»apilipino. pine, to be Philippinized. Maj!8Rpilipino. To adopt the customs and man- ners of the Filipinos. Sumatagalog, magj^atng;ilog. To Tagalize. Mga salitang kastila na sinata- Spanish words which are Thga- galog. lized. Mga salitfmg giryego na sinapili- Greek words which are Fili- pino, pinized. XXIX

Fngk()koaghug('^ sa parnamagitan CovjuSatwn by the verbal parti' ng mga tipUc badyaon^g mang^ cles manghly magpaka, mag'^ hi, magpaka, tnagpaH, magpati, magkang, and magka-

kang at magkapa, sa mga tmig pa, in the active and passive aktunhin at pasunJtin, voices. ACTIVE MANGHI.

Ui^at (Root) . - . - Kuko. -Nail, nails.

Maniihinguk6=To cut or clean one's nails.

Ugat (Hoot) - - - - Tutuli. = Wax of the ear.^ Manghinuli. = To clean one's ears hy removing the wax.

Nakaraan (Past) - - - - Nangliinguko. Nanghinuli. I %j A^asalukuyan (Pres,) . - Nanghihingukd. Nanghihinuli.

Daraiing {Fut ) - - . . ManghihingukcS. Manghfhinuli. I I ^^Panghardp {Imp and ^ ^^f.) ' ' - Manghinguko. Manghinuli. Badyaon {Verbal)- . - . . Panghihinguko. Panghihinuh\ PASSIVE PAGNHI

g Nakaraan {Past) - - - - Ipinanghinguko. 1 « KaBalukuVan (Pres.) - - Ipinanghihinguko. 2 g Dafating {Fat.) - . - - Ipanghihinguko.

ifi^ ferjQ Panghardp (imp, and « Inf) - - - Ipanghinguko. . . -212—

AN. Pinanghingukuhan. Pinaghihingukuhan. Panghihingukuhiln Panghingukuhan.

I. AN.

Ipinarighinuli. Pinangliinulihan. Ipinanghihinuli. Pinanghihinulihan. Ipauffhihinulf. Panghihiniilihan. IpanghiniiH. Pinanjhinulihan.

FaGKOKONHUGA NG BADYANG '\MANaHItfALAy'\=CO^^ JUGATION OF THK VERB ''MAN6HIMALA Y\

Manghimalay. ~- To glean pal ay AKTUiVH/N

Nakar, [Past] - . - . Nanghirnalay.

Kasal. iPrea.] - - - - Nanghihinialay,

Dar. [Fut ] - * - - - Manghihimalay. Pghar. [Imp. and Inf.]- Manghimalay.

Bady&on. fVerbal] - - Panghihimalay. J'ASUNHIN

L AN. IN. Nakar.-' Ipinanghimalay. Pinanghimalayftn, Pinangliitnalay Kasal.- -IpinanghfhioiaJay. Pinanghihimalayan. Pinanghihimalay Dar. Ipanghibimftlay. Pang:hihimalayan. Panghlhimalayin. Pghar,- -Ipanghimalay. Pan^himalayan. Panghinaalayih.

Nanghihinabas si Pedro. Peter gathers remaining pieces. Nangfiihinayang akd kay Silbestre. I pity Silvestre-

Pinanghihinayangan ninyo siya. * You pity him. Manghimuti ka. Glean fruits. Manghiaupang kayo. Encourage yourselves. Maghinapang kayo Animate or encourage yourself. Manghilamos siya, Let him wash hip face. Humilamos ka sa kaniya. Wash his face. Hilamusan mo siya. Wa?h his face. Makihinakj^y ka. Embark. ACTIVE MAGPAKA

Ugat {Root) Pilit. -Force, . • —213—

Magp.ikapilit. =To make efforts; to exert one's self.

c Nakaraan (Past) - - - - Nagpakapilit. 1 8 Kasalukuyan (Present)' - Nagpapakapilit. S g Darating {Future) - - - Magpapakapilit, ^ t Panghikrap {Imp. and I Inf.) - - - Magpakapilit. Badyaon {V$rbal) Pagpapakapilit. PASSIVE PAGPAKA. IN. AN.

Nakaram (Past) - - - Pinagpakapilil. Pinagpakapilitan. Kasalukityan [Present - PinagpapakA Piuagpapakapilitan. pilit. S DaratinfT (Futuye) . - - Pagpapakapi- Pagpapakapilitai). litin. Panghiirap {Imp and J

Inj ) . - Pagpakapilitin Pagpakapilitan.

Ipinagpakapilit. Ipinagpapakapilit Ipagpapakapilit/ Ipagyakapilit. PASSIVE PAKA.

IN. AN. Pinakapilitan. Nakaraan {rust) . . . Pinakapilit. Pinakapfpilitan. ^ kamlukuyan {Pres ) Pinakapipilit. Pakapipilitin. Pakaplpilitan. Darating {IM.) . . . I ^ Pangharap {Imp. and Pakapilitan. Inf.) . Pakapilitin.

Ipinakapilit. Ipinakapipilit. Ipakapf pilit. Ipakapilit. PAGKOKONGHIJGA NG BADYANG '' MaQPAKABAIT\^ CONJUGATION OP THE VERB ''MAQPARAB AIT.'' MagpakabaU' = To behav« very judiciously ARTUNHIN

Nakar. [Past] - Nagpakabait. KaBal. [Pres.] - Nagpapakabait. . . —214—

Dar, [Put ] Magpapakabaft Pghar. [Imp and InfJ-Magbakabnit.

Badyaon [Verbal] - - Pagp pakctbait PASUNH/N

I {cause), AN (place^ like place, person.)

Nakar. - - Ipinagpakab.iifc. Pinagpakabait^ill. ^

Kaeal. - - [pinagpapakabaft. Pinagpapakfii)aitan,

Dar. - - - Ipagpapakabait Pagpapakabaitan. P^har. - - Ipagpakabait. Pa^pakabaitan,

PAGKOKONQHU&A NG M^A UADYANG '' MAQPAKAA UAV ''MAQPAKiPAO'AUAU' AT '' MaGPAKAPANG ARAi:\ -CONJlTGAriON-OF PHK VP]RB ''MiGPAfCAARA//' \[IAGPl!{iPiGAftir/\ KSD ''MiGPA^ KAPANGARAV\

Urnaral ='ro t«acb, to instruct. i\[agpakaara1. = To teach very much, Mag-ar^l. = T() study. ^ Magpakapag aral. ^-To vStudy very much, to j^tudy vory w(4i. MangarAK= To preach MaLTpakapangaral. ~To preach v^ry much. AK7VNH/N

Nakar [Past] .... >fagpakairal. Nagpakapag-aral.

Kami, [ Pres 1 .... Nagpapakaaral. >Jagpiipakapag-aral.

Dar. [Fut.] . . . . . iMagpapakaaral IMagpapakapag-aral. Pghar [Imp. and Inf.J-Magpakaara.!, M^^^pakapag aral.

Badyaon [Verbal] . . . Pagpapakaaral, Pagpapak'tpng-aral.

Na gpakapanga ral Nagpapakapangnral. Magpapakapan aral. Mngpakapanga ml. Pa gpapakapangaral rASUNHIN

AN {person). AN {the thing to be studied), Nakar.-- Pinakaaralan. Pinakapag-aralan. Kasal. - - Pinakaaaralan. Pinakapag-aaralan. Dar. - . - Pakaaaralau Pakapag aaralan. - Pghar. - Pakaaralan. Pakapag a ralan. . . . )

—215-

J ( he tiling to he taught). 1 (cause). Ipinakaaral. Ipinakapag-araL Iplnakaaaral. Ipinakapag-aaral. Ipakaaaral. Ipakapbg-aaral. Ipakaaral. Ipakapag-aral.

AN (person to ichom). I (the thing to be preach e(

Pi nakapangaralan Ipinakapahgaral. Pinakapangangaralan. IpinakapangangaraL Pakapanga ngaralan. Ipakapangangaral

Pakapangaralan ' Ipakapangaral.

Mrtgpakatiis kayo. Suffer voluntaiily. Fagpakasipagan nio ang iyong ha Be very diligent in your busi- napbuhay. ness.

Pakaisip-isipin mo ang akin'g si- Meditate wliat I say (or tell) to

nasabi j^a iyo. you. Huwat? kang inagpakamatay. Do not kill yourself. Magpakarahan kayo. Go very slowly. Ang mga makatarungan ay ma- The just will attain salvation. papakagaling- Ang mga inakasalanan'g hindi The sinners who have not truly nangagsising totoo, ay mapa- repented will be condemned. pakasaniA, Pinakasisinta ko ang akin'g tinu- I love my native-country very buanglup^l. much, Pinakamamah^l ko ang akin'g I esteem my friends very much. mga kaibigan. Pakagunamgunamin mo ang ma- Meditate upon the holy pasion hal na pa:?yon ng Mananakop. of the Redeemer. ACTIVE MAGPATI.

Ugdl (Root) .... Luh6d.= Kneel.

Magpatiluh6d. = To kneel speedily or {ill at once; to kneel suddenly.

g^ Sakaraan (Past) . . Nagpatiluhod

I i Kasaluhuyan [Pres,) . Nagpapatiluhod.

cS 1 Darating (Fat ) . , . Magpapatiluhod.

c! ":. Panghardp (Imp, and

Inf.)., , . . Magpatiluhod. Badyaoa (Verbal) Pagpapatiluhod. —216—

PASSIVP] PAGPATI. IKA.

§ Nakaraan (Past) ... Ikinapagpatiluhod.

tiKasalxikuyan(Prrs.) . . Ikinapagpapatiluhod.

t,i Darafing (Fut,) . . . , Ikapagpapatiluhod. I j^£ Panghar^'P {Imp. and ^" lnf\) .... Ikapagpatiluhoci. AN.

* Pinagpatiluliuran. Pinagpapatiluhuran. Pagpapatiluhnifin. Pagpatiluhuran.

'' PAGKOKONGHUGA N(l BADYANG MAgPATIUPO'\-==0O^^

.JUQATION OF THE VERB '' MAQPATIUPO.''

Magpatiupo. -To sit down speedily or suddenly, AKTIJNHIN

Nakar. (Past) .... Nagpatiupd

Kasal. (Pres.) . . . . Nagpdpatiupd. Dar. (Fut.) Magp^patiupd. Pghar. (Imp. and Inf.) Magpatiupo.

BadyAon (Verbal . . . Pagpapatiupd.

PASUiVHIN .

IKA. AN.

Nakar. , . Ikinftpagpatiup6. PiuagpatiupAan.

Kaflial. . . Ikinapagpapatiupo. Pinagpapatiupiian.

DiAr. . . . Ikapagpapatiup6. PagpapatiupAan

Piihar. . . Ikapagpatiupo. Pagpatiupiian.

Nagpatihulog siya sa billon. He tlirevf himself with impt^ tuosity into ttio well. Mapatihigd, mapahigA. To lie down iiivoluntarily. Mapatihulog. To fall involuntarily. Sila'y riapatirapi, naparapA sila. They prostrated themselves involuntarily. .

-217— ACriVE MAGKANO.

IJgat {Root) .... Iyak.=Wcep, cry. .Magkan{5;-iiyak.=To cry involuntarily; to W(vp involuntarily.

(Past) . . . Nagkaug-iiyak. I Nakaraan 1 g A««'t^t/.4:wi/an (Pre*t.) . . Nagkakang-iiyak. 2 I Diratinff (Fat ) . . . . Magkakang-iiyak. « fcl Fiinyhar'ip {Imp "ikI

^' III/.) . . . Mangkang iiyak.

Badi/aon, { Verbal,) Pagkakang-iiyak. PASSIVE PAQKANG.

(Piisl) Ipinagkang- iiyak. I Na^araan ....

tlK-ifiilukuyan (Pies ) . . Ipinagkakang iiyak. i I Daraling {Fat.) .... Ipagkakang-iiyak. f,'Z Pangharap {Imp. and

^- - . . . Ipagkang-iiyak. , Inf.) AN. Pinagkangiiyakan. Pinagkakang iiyakan. Pagkakangriiyakan. Pagkang-iiyakan PAGKOKNGHUiiA NG BADYaNG " .tlAGKANGPAPAWlS'\= Conjugation of the verb "magkanopapawis.'' • Magkangpapawis=To perspire because of fright or shame, etc. A KTUNHIN

Nakar. (Past) . . ... Nagkangpapawis,

Kasal. U'res. ) .... Nagkakangpapawis.

Uar. rFut. ) MagkakangpapawLs. Pghar. (Imp. and Inf.)-Mangkangpapawis.

BadyAon (Verbal) . . Pagkakangpapawis. PA SUM!IN

I. AN. Pinagkangpapawisan. Nakar. . . Ipinagkangpapawis. Pinagkakangpapawisan. KawHl. . . Ipinagkfikangpapawis. Pagkakangpapawisan. Dar. . . . Ipagkakangpapawis. Pagkangpapawisan. Pghar. . . Ipagkangpapawis. —218 — ACriVR MAOKAOA.

IJgat {Root) .... N^isi.^F.aiuh.

Mai^kapari'ViJ^i =To re;niin iaogliiti^, showing the teeth.

f Nakarmm (Pdst) NapkaranAiBi.

I * Kasalukuyarf. (Prv^s^) . ^ Na^kapapangisi.

Ig f)arafmp (Ffit.) . . MaL^^kapapangisi.

rj ^ /^avgh(n'(if> {frnp. ny)d ^ Inf,) . • • M^gkapangisi.

B(fdf/aon (Verhnl) . . . , . PagkapapanAisi. PASSIVE PAGKAPA.

I. AN.

Nakar. . . Ipinagkapangisi. IMnagkapangisihan.

iy^ Kasal. . . rpin^gkapapangifti. PinagkapapancisihHn.

Dar. . . . Ipagkap ipangisi, Pagkapapan^i.^ihan.

Pghar, . . Ipagkapan^isi. Pagkaparigisjhaii. J^

^. PAGKOKONGHUGA NG FlADYANli '\hAGKAPANOANGA,''f- CONJUGATION OF THE VERB '\M AGKAPANAGNG A'' '

Magkapanganga.=T<> r^inain with one's moutli open. AKTUNHIN

'- Nakar. (Past) .... Nagkapanganga. Kasal (Pres.) Nagkapapanganga.

Dar. (Fut ) VfH^k^jpapanganga. Piihar. ([mp. and [nf.)-Magkapanganga..

BadyAon (Verhal.) . . PagkapapanOanga'. PASUNHIM

I. AN.

Nakar, . . rpinagkapang-uiga. PinagknpangangahaM.

Kasal. . . Ipinagkapapangani/a. Pinagkapapangangahan.

Dar. . . . IpagkapapanginUa Pagkapapan^angahan.

P&har. . . IpagkapangrmSa. Pagkapan^angahan. 1 . ;

MGA KAMALIAN *» ERRATA (')

'h yV*.'*** Bri.vhon Talutil Nasusufat Daf^\t Sulatin liiiKi WltlTTKN It Should Be Wkittkn

:i:*> Hyphen ( ). Hyphen ( ). o u Parenthesis ). Parenthesis ( ) 7 4-5 Kindled exhalation in Shooting star. Bky. 8 29 dirih, dirt,

U) 1 Candidateship Cindidacy 1« 12 Horse- troops. Cavalry 2:^ 16 Inner shirt. Inner skirt. 80 ;n heallhness. healthless.

to t Strain; Sprain 45 9 Hivine divine ol 4 kaia-fumikan katahimikan ^^, 5H 1 head heed

59 1 :\ . Mjnuinulta, ,. M^nunulat, ^N,' , H 60 8 Detin»- Definer. \,;A V 70 l.s TaUing. Talker. ':, ) 71) 29 i^unnon vangobilang, sugnong panabilang, '•.,, ^2 24 ikatalongpil. ikatatlongpA,

'; \- ' ..^HH 9 It it hall* past one. It is half past one. 9a 33 rl/>^rl^.-l.Dini sa, Ablat Dito sa. 94 26 LIGAMEMTS. LIGAMENTS, 10 14 ordaian ordain 10.S 18 absove, 1 \ absolve, } • 111 10 To able To be able 119 10 To thrown, To throw, in» 26 To conjeture To conjecture 126 1 to lav to lay 127 10 be come become 145 6 reduce, reduce, 147 19 niagtagpilan TwatagpAdn 147 .•;8 quite quiet 151 37 reffer refer 1 55 I ipapag-unawa,, ipagpaunavA 155 82 mag-usap mag-usap 157 18 comprehende comprehend 157 26 som. some

i"^) Yaon lamang malalaklng malt ng limbagan. Only the serious mistakes in printing. MGA KAMALIAN

161 16 Inmediat«^ly. Immediately. 164 2 opposicion opposition 166 80 cares. caress 170 20 sijmuBualt. Bumusulat. 170 32 umibfig umiibig 172 32 bopy-book? copy-book? 172 32 properly? properties? 173 12 {En- OG OR iflish sec-

tion) . 180 19 iiag-aral Nag aaral 182 27 fcihe throw it She threw it 184 4 Paglabna Paglaban 185 19 To feign, to be sick. To feign to be sick. 185 26 To boast, to be wi^^e. To boast to be wise. 190 16 Pmangha, Pinanguha -idcr~ - 17 Pingiinguha. Pinangiinguha 190 13 Pangunguna Pangnnguha 191 12 •'MANGARAD" •'MAKGAKAD" 192 32 Naniniwla NanfniwaR 192 37 write on it. write in it. 193 14 Magagwan. Magrtgawan. 198 16 *\viakakagawa.'' ^•MAbCAPAGGAWA.'' ' 196 25 It has been writtiui. It had been written. 198 14 mane name 198 12 Pasulatan. Pasulatan. 199 17 Towards the went. towards the west. 199 24-25 Pagkapakulunuran. Pagkapakalunviran. 200 1 Naklkipamill. Nakipamili. 205 !23 assembled? assemble? 207 84 pagsisiratnan. pinagsisiratnan. 207 35 F^agsiriratingan, Pagsfsiratingan 211 32 PA(iNHI. PANG HI.