News@UK the Newsletter of UKUUG, the UK’S Unix and Open Systems Users Group Published Electronically At
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UNIX and Computer Science Spreading UNIX Around the World: by Ronda Hauben an Interview with John Lions
Winter/Spring 1994 Celebrating 25 Years of UNIX Volume 6 No 1 "I believe all significant software movements start at the grassroots level. UNIX, after all, was not developed by the President of AT&T." Kouichi Kishida, UNIX Review, Feb., 1987 UNIX and Computer Science Spreading UNIX Around the World: by Ronda Hauben An Interview with John Lions [Editor's Note: This year, 1994, is the 25th anniversary of the [Editor's Note: Looking through some magazines in a local invention of UNIX in 1969 at Bell Labs. The following is university library, I came upon back issues of UNIX Review from a "Work In Progress" introduced at the USENIX from the mid 1980's. In these issues were articles by or inter- Summer 1993 Conference in Cincinnati, Ohio. This article is views with several of the pioneers who developed UNIX. As intended as a contribution to a discussion about the sig- part of my research for a paper about the history and devel- nificance of the UNIX breakthrough and the lessons to be opment of the early days of UNIX, I felt it would be helpful learned from it for making the next step forward.] to be able to ask some of these pioneers additional questions The Multics collaboration (1964-1968) had been created to based on the events and developments described in the UNIX "show that general-purpose, multiuser, timesharing systems Review Interviews. were viable." Based on the results of research gained at MIT Following is an interview conducted via E-mail with John using the MIT Compatible Time-Sharing System (CTSS), Lions, who wrote A Commentary on the UNIX Operating AT&T and GE agreed to work with MIT to build a "new System describing Version 6 UNIX to accompany the "UNIX hardware, a new operating system, a new file system, and a Operating System Source Code Level 6" for the students in new user interface." Though the project proceeded slowly his operating systems class at the University of New South and it took years to develop Multics, Doug Comer, a Profes- Wales in Australia. -
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Editorial Dru Lavigne, Thomas Kunz, François Lefebvre Open is the New Closed: How the Mobile Industry uses Open Source to Further Commercial Agendas Andreas Constantinou Establishing and Engaging an Active Open Source Ecosystem with the BeagleBoard Jason Kridner Low Cost Cellular Networks with OpenBTS David Burgess CRC Mobile Broadcasting F/LOSS Projects François Lefebvre Experiences From the OSSIE Open Source Software Defined Radio Project Carl B. Dietrich, Jeffrey H. Reed, Stephen H. Edwards, Frank E. Kragh The Open Source Mobile Cloud: Delivering Next-Gen Mobile Apps and Systems Hal Steger The State of Free Software in Mobile Devices Startups Bradley M. Kuhn Recent Reports Upcoming Events March Contribute 2010 March 2010 Editorial Dru Lavigne, Thomas Kunz, and François Lefebvre discuss the 3 editorial theme of Mobile. Open is the New Closed: How the Mobile Industry uses Open Source to Further Commercial Agendas Andreas Constantinou, Research Director at VisionMobile, PUBLISHER: examines the many forms that governance models can take and 5 The Open Source how they are used in the mobile industry to tightly control the Business Resource is a roadmap and application of open source projects. monthly publication of the Talent First Network. Establishing and Engaging an Active Open Source Ecosystem with Archives are available at the BeagleBoard the website: Jason Kridner, open platforms principal architect at Texas 9 http://www.osbr.ca Instruments Inc., introduces the BeagleBoard open source community. EDITOR: Low Cost Cellular Networks with OpenBTS Dru Lavigne David Burgess, Co-Founder of The OpenBTS Project, describes 14 [email protected] how an open source release may have saved the project. -
The Strange Birth and Long Life of Unix - IEEE Spectrum Page 1 of 6
The Strange Birth and Long Life of Unix - IEEE Spectrum Page 1 of 6 COMPUTING / SOFTWARE FEATURE The Strange Birth and Long Life of Unix The classic operating system turns 40, and its progeny abound By WARREN TOOMEY / DECEMBER 2011 They say that when one door closes on you, another opens. People generally offer this bit of wisdom just to lend some solace after a misfortune. But sometimes it's actually true. It certainly was for Ken Thompson and the late Dennis Ritchie, two of the greats of 20th-century information technology, when they created the Unix operating system, now considered one of the most inspiring and influential pieces of software ever written. A door had slammed shut for Thompson and Ritchie in March of 1969, when their employer, the American Telephone & Telegraph Co., withdrew from a collaborative project with the Photo: Alcatel-Lucent Massachusetts Institute of KEY FIGURES: Ken Thompson [seated] types as Dennis Ritchie looks on in 1972, shortly Technology and General Electric after they and their Bell Labs colleagues invented Unix. to create an interactive time- sharing system called Multics, which stood for "Multiplexed Information and Computing Service." Time-sharing, a technique that lets multiple people use a single computer simultaneously, had been invented only a decade earlier. Multics was to combine time-sharing with other technological advances of the era, allowing users to phone a computer from remote terminals and then read e -mail, edit documents, run calculations, and so forth. It was to be a great leap forward from the way computers were mostly being used, with people tediously preparing and submitting batch jobs on punch cards to be run one by one. -
The Strange Birth and Long Life of Unix - IEEE Spectrum
The Strange Birth and Long Life of Unix - IEEE Spectrum http://spectrum.ieee.org/computing/software/the-strange-birth-and-long-li... COMPUTING / SOFTWARE FEATURE The Strange Birth and Long Life of Unix The classic operating system turns 40, and its progeny abound By WARREN TOOMEY / DECEMBER 2011 They say that when one door closes on you, another opens. People generally offer this bit of wisdom just to lend some solace after a misfortune. But sometimes it's actually true. It certainly was for Ken Thompson and the late Dennis Ritchie, two of the greats of 20th-century information technology, when they created the Unix operating system, now considered one of the most inspiring and influential pieces of software ever written. A door had slammed shut for Thompson and Ritchie in March of 1969, when their employer, the American Telephone & Telegraph Co., withdrew from a collaborative project with the Photo: Alcatel-Lucent Massachusetts Institute of KEY FIGURES: Ken Thompson [seated] types as Dennis Ritchie looks on in 1972, shortly Technology and General Electric after they and their Bell Labs colleagues invented Unix. to create an interactive time-sharing system called Multics, which stood for "Multiplexed Information and Computing Service." Time-sharing, a technique that lets multiple people use a single computer simultaneously, had been invented only a decade earlier. Multics was to combine time-sharing with other technological advances of the era, allowing users to phone a computer from remote terminals and then read e-mail, edit documents, run calculations, and so forth. It was to be a great leap forward from the way computers were mostly being used, with people tediously preparing and submitting batch jobs on punch cards to be run one by one. -
Annual Report 2006
Annual Report 2006 Table of contents Foreword Letter from the Chairman, Dave Neary 4–5 A year in review 2006—a year in GNOME 8–10 Distributions in 2006 11 Events and community initiatives GUADEC—The GNOME Conference 12–13 GNOME hackers descend on MIT Media Center 14–15 GNOME User Groups 16 The www.gnome.org revamp 17 GNOME platform 17 GNOME Foundation Administrator 17 Foundation development The Women’s Summer Outreach Program 18–20 The GNOME Mobile and Embedded Initiative 21 The GNOME Advisory Board 22–23 PHOTO The GNOME Foundation Board and Advisory Board members by David Zeuthen (continued on the inside back cover) GNOME Foundation 3 Dear Friends, All traditions need a starting point, they say. What you now hold in your hands is the first annual report of the GNOME Foundation, at the end of what has been an eventful year for us. Each year brings its challenges and rewards for the members of this global project. This year, many of our biggest challenges are in the legal arena. European countries have been passing laws to conform with the European Union Copyright Directive, and some, including France, have brought into law provisions which we as software developers find it hard to understand, but which appear to make much of what we do illegal. We have found our- selves in the center of patent wars as bigger companies jockey for position with offerings based on our hard work. And we are scratching our heads trying to figure out how to deal with the constraints of DRM and patents in multimedia, while still offering our users access to their media files. -
Cannibal Code
KIll it with Fire © 2021 by Marianne Bellotti 2 CANNIBAL CODE f technology advances in cycles, you might assume the best legacy I modernization strategy is to wait a decade or two for paradigms to shift back and leapfrog over. If only! For all that mainframes and clouds might have in common in general, they have a number of significant dif- ferences in the implementation that block easy transitions. While the architectural philosophy of time-sharing has come back in vogue, other components of technology have been advancing at a different pace. You can divide any single product into an infinite number of elements: hard- ware, software, interfaces, protocols, and so on. Then you can add specific techniques within those categories. Not all cycles are in sync. The odds of a modern piece of technology perfectly reflecting an older piece of tech- nology are as likely as finding two days where every star in the sky had the exact same position. So, the takeaway from understanding that technology advances in cycles isn’t that upgrades are easier the longer you wait, it’s that you should avoid upgrading to new technology simply because it’s new. KIll it with Fire © 2021 by Marianne Bellotti Alignable Differences and User Interfaces Without alignable differences, consumers can’t determine the value of the technology in which they are being asked to invest. Completely innovative technology is not a viable solution, because it has no refer- ence point to help it find its market. We often think of technology as being streamlined and efficient with no unnecessary bits without a clear purpose, but in fact, many forms of technology you depend on have ves- tigial features either inherited from other older forms of technology or imported later to create the illusion of feature parity. -
Praise for the Official Ubuntu Book
Praise for The Official Ubuntu Book “The Official Ubuntu Book is a great way to get you started with Ubuntu, giving you enough information to be productive without overloading you.” —John Stevenson, DZone Book Reviewer “OUB is one of the best books I’ve seen for beginners.” —Bill Blinn, TechByter Worldwide “This book is the perfect companion for users new to Linux and Ubuntu. It covers the basics in a concise and well-organized manner. General use is covered separately from troubleshooting and error-handling, making the book well-suited both for the beginner as well as the user that needs extended help.” —Thomas Petrucha, Austria Ubuntu User Group “I have recommended this book to several users who I instruct regularly on the use of Ubuntu. All of them have been satisfied with their purchase and have even been able to use it to help them in their journey along the way.” —Chris Crisafulli, Ubuntu LoCo Council, Florida Local Community Team “This text demystifies a very powerful Linux operating system . in just a few weeks of having it, I’ve used it as a quick reference a half dozen times, which saved me the time I would have spent scouring the Ubuntu forums online.” —Darren Frey, Member, Houston Local User Group This page intentionally left blank The Official Ubuntu Book Sixth Edition This page intentionally left blank The Official Ubuntu Book Sixth Edition Benjamin Mako Hill Matthew Helmke Amber Graner Corey Burger With Jonathan Jesse, Kyle Rankin, and Jono Bacon Upper Saddle River, NJ • Boston • Indianapolis • San Francisco New York • Toronto • Montreal • London • Munich • Paris • Madrid Capetown • Sydney • Tokyo • Singapore • Mexico City Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. -
Event Information
SPEAKERS AND TALKS Mats Petersson – AMD How Hardware Supported Virtualization in Xen works th Michael Meeks – Novell OpenOffice.org beyond 2.0... For Thursday 29 June we are pleased to be able to offer three tutorials. Descriptions and tutor Neil McGovern – Fotopic.net 30 million and counting: An insight into a enterprise biographies are on the web site. level open source systems Tutorial T1. - Thursday 29th June full day tutorial 'Building and Maintaining RPM Packages' Paul Sladen TBC Jos Vos, X/OS Experts in Open Systems BV Phil Hands TBC Ruediger Berlich – Karlsruhe ROOT and PROOF Overview: Attendees will learn how to create, modify and use RPM packages. The RPM Package Steve Coast – OpenStreetMap OpenStreetMap: The First Year Management system (RPM) is used for package management on most Linux distributions. It can also be Stuart Yeates - OSS Watch The State of OS in Higher and Further Education used for package management on other UNIX systems and for packaging non-free (binary) software. The What are all these distributions and how should I tutorial will focus on creating RPM packages for Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux systems, but the theory will also apply to package software for other distributions. choose one? TBC Securing Linux Tutorial T2. - Thursday 29th June half day tutorial (a.m.) 'Optimising MySQL' Getting started with MySQL (TBC) Mark Leith MySQL Roadmap Mark Leith, MySQL Ted Haeger – Novell SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop: Under the Hood Overview: This tutorial examines the many aspects involved when optimising a MySQL application, the Desktop Linux Innovation at Novell MySQL server, and its environment. -
Curriculum Vitae ( PDF )
Simon Pascal Klein Last updated: Tuesday, 6 May 2014 ! http://klepas.org Nationality: German (Australian permanent resident) " [email protected] Current residence: Canberra, Australia # +61 420 9797 38 ABN: 94 483 395 962 I’m Pascal — a front-end designer & writer, with a penchant for accessibility and typography. tl;dr? Both in form & content, I build beautiful and usable interfaces. Skils overview writing, research, Rooted in the open source & web community. policy advice accessibility, documentation, teaching, open source, gender, … front-end web Semantic, standards-based, accessible, and responsive web development. development & HTML, css, SVG; WCAG2; Drupal, Jekyll, WordPress, …; terminal, git, … accessibility design & media Content & media curation; design direction; podcasting, pedantic copy editing. curation the , Photoshop; Inkscape, Illustrator; audio editing, Markdown, … ! gimp ! Experience 2013 Senior Policy Advisor & web specialist — act Government Reporting to the cto, I worked for the Chief Minister and Treasury Directorate in a policy and research role as a web technologies and accessibility specialist. Work also included web development on internal prototyping projects that un- derpinned Open Government and Open Data mandates. I also launched the frst Australian government GitHub account, for the act. 2011 Managing Editor, podcast host & producer — SitePoint Lead editor & manager for SitePoint’s then new DesignFestival.com. I launched the site’s podcast, producing 15 episodes (hiting 30,000 downloads before leav- ing this position). Additionaly I authored original articles for SitePoint. I also freelanced during this time. !1 2007–09 Concept Designer — Looking Glass Solutions Graphic & interface designer, embedded within the development team. lgs was a former web development studio that serviced primarily the Australian Government and Engineers Australia. -
The Official Ubuntu Book
Praise for Previous Editions of The Official Ubuntu Book “The Official Ubuntu Book is a great way to get you started with Ubuntu, giving you enough information to be productive without overloading you.” —John Stevenson, DZone book reviewer “OUB is one of the best books I’ve seen for beginners.” —Bill Blinn, TechByter Worldwide “This book is the perfect companion for users new to Linux and Ubuntu. It covers the basics in a concise and well-organized manner. General use is covered separately from troubleshooting and error-handling, making the book well-suited both for the beginner as well as the user that needs extended help.” —Thomas Petrucha, Austria Ubuntu User Group “I have recommended this book to several users who I instruct regularly on the use of Ubuntu. All of them have been satisfied with their purchase and have even been able to use it to help them in their journey along the way.” —Chris Crisafulli, Ubuntu LoCo Council, Florida Local Community Team “This text demystifies a very powerful Linux operating system . In just a few weeks of having it, I’ve used it as a quick reference a half-dozen times, which saved me the time I would have spent scouring the Ubuntu forums online.” —Darren Frey, Member, Houston Local User Group This page intentionally left blank The Official Ubuntu Book Seventh Edition This page intentionally left blank The Official Ubuntu Book Seventh Edition Matthew Helmke Amber Graner With Kyle Rankin, Benjamin Mako Hill, and Jono Bacon Upper Saddle River, NJ • Boston • Indianapolis • San Francisco New York • Toronto • Montreal • London • Munich • Paris • Madrid Capetown • Sydney • Tokyo • Singapore • Mexico City Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. -
The Open Pitt What's Cooking in Linux and Open Source in Western Pennsylvania Issue 12 May 2005
The Open Pitt What's cooking in Linux and Open Source in Western Pennsylvania Issue 12 May 2005 www.wplug.org Book Review: Linux Desktop Garage by Bobbie Lynn Eicher Author: Susan Matteson the author deserves praise is that she comes much less valuable. The au- Publisher: Prentice Hall PTR put the extra effort in to provide ex- thor, Susan Matteson, may consider ISBN: 0131494198 planations that can be used by both herself to be an avid Linux user, but $29.99, 384 pages, 2005 Windows users and those who have professionally she's a web developer experience with Macs. and writer and that bias shows in a The goal of Prentice Hall's new Gar- Most valuable with this book is its way that many in the Linux com- age Series of books is to provide read- structure. Once Linux has been intro- munity won't appreciate. Experienced ers with a practical and entertaining duced, each chapter that follows is de- users are likely to be startled, to say guide to technical topics that are often voted to a type of task that users the least, by statements like the fol- intimidating to an ordinary reader. As might want such as word processing, lowing from the preface: “There are one of the latest releases offered under messaging, and games. For someone command-line programs to do those this banner, the Linux Desktop Gar- who's already used to computers but things, but why be so limited?” The age does this much well. It's not re- doesn't know anything about Linux more zealous followers of Richard commended, however, for users who equivalents for their usual software, Stallman are likely to be irritated by are looking for a guide to more ad- that makes Linux Desktop Garage an her quick dismissal of the claim that vanced topics and aren't content with excellent tool to get straight to the in- the entire operating system shouldn't just the basic user software available formation they need without getting be called Linux, though perhaps in the open source world. -
A Short UNIX History How Our Culture Created Linux
A Short UNIX History or How Our Culture Created Linux Clement T. Cole Witch Doctor Compaq [email protected] A UNIX Family History RIG CMU CMU CMU CMU OSF1 Tru64 Linux Accent Mach Mach Mach Linux . 1.X Other Players 2.5 3.0 99 Minix Multics Idris BBN GNU C 386/BSD FreeBSD Generic TCP/IP Net 2.0 Net 1.0 4BSD 4.1A UCB BSD 2BSD 3BSD 4.1BSD 4.2BSD 4.3BSD 4.3Tahoe 4.3Reno 4.4BSD Research X Windows X 10 X 11 32V 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th Ed Ed Ed Ed Ed Ed Ed Ed Ed Ed NT/OS2 NT/Win PWB PWB/UNIX PWB 1.0 PWB 2.0 Sys III Sys V Sys V. SVR3 SVR4 SVR4/ 2 ESMP µSoft/SCO µSoft/Xenix SCO/Xenix SCO/UNIX UNIXWARE ‘72 ‘73 ‘74 ‘75 ‘76 ‘77 ‘78 ‘79 ‘80 ‘81 ‘82 ‘83 ‘84 ‘85 ‘86 ‘87 ‘88 ‘89 ‘90 ‘91 ‘92 ‘93 Clem Cole Themes ◆ Something new is really something old. ◆ The Open Source Culture predates UNIX and Linux. ◆ Evolution is good. ◆ Fighting is not always bad, but learn when it’s good enough and stop fighting. Clem Cole Agenda ◆ Technical History ◆ Legal History ◆ What it all means Clem Cole A Word on Engineers “Good programmers write good programs. Great programmers start and build upon other great programmer’s work.” Unknown origin, often attributed to Fred Brooks. Clem Cole Multics ◆ MULTiplexed Information and Computing Service ❖ or “Many Unbelievably Large Tables In Core Simultaneously.” ❖ Actually very cool system, see: The Multics system; an Examination of its Structure, Elliott I.