CPR Facts and Statistics

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CPR Facts and Statistics • About 75 percent to 80 percent of all out-of-hospital cardiac arrests happen at home, so being trained to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can mean the difference between life and death for a loved one. • Effective bystander CPR, provided immediately after cardiac arrest, can double a victim’s chance of survival. • CPR helps maintain vital blood flow to the heart and brain and increases the amount of time that an electric shock from a defibrillator can be effective. • Approximately 95 percent of sudden cardiac arrest victims die before reaching the hospital. • Death from sudden cardiac arrest is not inevitable. If more people knew CPR, more lives could be saved. • Brain death starts to occur four to six minutes after someone experiences cardiac arrest if no CPR and defibrillation occurs during that time. • If bystander CPR is not provided, a sudden cardiac arrest victim’s chances of survival fall 7 percent to 10 percent for every minute of delay until defibrillation. Few attempts at resuscitation are successful if CPR and defibrillation are not provided within minutes of collapse. • Coronary heart disease accounts for about 550,000 of the 927,000 adults who die as a result of cardiovascular disease. • Approximately 335,000 of all annual adult coronary heart disease deaths in the U.S. are due to sudden cardiac arrest, suffered outside the hospital setting and in hospital emergency departments. About 900 Americans die every day due to sudden cardiac arrest. • Sudden cardiac arrest is most often caused by an abnormal heart rhythm called ventricular fibrillation (VF). Cardiac arrest can also occur after the onset of a heart attack or as a result of electrocution or near-drowning. • When sudden cardiac arrest occurs, the victim collapses, becomes unresponsive to gentle shaking, stops normal breathing and after two rescue breaths, still isn’t breathing normally, coughing or moving. ### Media contact: Tagni McRae, 214-706-1383 or [email protected]. .

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Cardiac Arrest: an Important Public Health Issue
Cardiac Arrest: An Important Public Health Issue Cardiac arrest is a public health issue with widespread incidence and severe impact on human health and well-being. There are several recommended strategies for prevention and control. Incidence Impact In 2015, approximately Mortality: 357,000 people experienced 70%–90% out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in the United Approximately 70%–90% of individuals with OHCA die States. before reaching the hospital. Approximately 209,000 Morbidity: Those who survive cardiac arrest are people are treated for in- likely to suffer from injury to the brain and hospital cardiac arrest nervous system and other physical ailments. (IHCA) each year. Additionally, nearly half of OHCA survivors suffer psychological distress such as anxiety, post traumatic stress disorder, and depression. Economic Impact Societal Cost: The estimated burden to society of death from cardiac arrest is 2 million years of life lost for men and 1.3 million years for women, greater than estimates for all individual $ cancers and most leading causes of death. Prevention Early intervention by CPR and defibrillation:Early, high-quality CPR, including compression only CPR, and use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) immediately following cardiac arrest can reduce morbidity and save lives. Clinical prevention: For Other early interventions: Depending on the patients at high risk, cause of the cardiac arrest, other interventions implantable cardioverter such as cold therapy and administering antidote defibrillators and to toxin-related cardiac arrest can reduce pharmacologic therapies mortality and long-term side effects. can prevent cardiac arrest. What Is Public Health’s Role in Cardiac Arrest? The public health community can implement strategies to prevent and control cardiac arrest.
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Update on the Diagnosis and Management of Familial Long QT Syndrome
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Sudden Cardiac Arrest Facts
UPDATED MARCH 2009 SUDDEN CARDIAC ARREST FACTS What is sudden cardiac arrest? Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is a leading cause of death in the U.S., killing nearly 300,000 people each year. That’s more than the total death rate for breast cancer, lung cancer, and HIV/AIDS combined. During SCA, heart function ceases abruptly and without warning. When this occurs, the heart is no longer able to pump blood to the rest of the body, and in over 90% of victims, death occurs. This is usually caused when the electrical impulses in the affected heart become rapid (ventricular tachycardia, or “VT”) or chaotic (ventricular fibrillation, or “VF”), or both. These irregular heart rhythms are arrhythmias. The general public and media often mistakenly refer to SCA as a “massive heart attack.” SCA is an electrical problem, whereby the arrhythmia prevents the heart from pumping blood to the brain and vital organs. There is an immediate cessation of the heart. In most cases, there are no warning signs or symptoms. A heart attack is a “plumbing” problem caused by one or more blockages in the heart’s blood vessels, preventing proper flow, and the heart muscle dies. Symptoms include chest pain, radiating pain in left arm, between shoulder blades, and/or jaw, difficulty breathing, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, and sweating. In some cases, a heart attack may lead to a sudden cardiac arrest event. Resuscitation from SCA When someone collapses from SCA, immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and use of an automated external defibrillator (AED) are essential for any chance of recovery.
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Sudden Cardiac Arrest Awareness Form
What is Sudden Cardiac Arrest? Catecholaminergic Polymorphic What are the Ø Occurs suddenly and often without Ventricular Tachycardia and symptoms/warning signs of Brugada Syndrome – other types of warning. Sudden Cardiac Arrest? Ø An electrical malfunction (short- electrical abnormalities that are rare but run in families. Ø Fainting/blackouts (especially circuit) causes the bottom chambers during exercise) of the heart (ventricles) to beat NonInherited (not passed on from the Ø Dizziness SUDDEN dangerously fast (ventricular family, but still present at birth) Ø Unusual fatigue/weakness tachycardia or fibrillation) and conditions: Ø Chest pain CARDIAC disrupts the pumping ability of the Coronary Artery Abnormalities – Ø Shortness of breath heart. abnormality of the blood vessels that Ø Nausea/vomiting Ø The heart cannot pump blood to the supply blood to the heart muscle. This Ø Palpitations (heart is beating ARREST (SCA) brain, lungs and other organs of the is the second most common cause of unusually fast or skipping beats) body. sudden cardiac arrest in athletes in Ø Family history of sudden cardiac Ø The person loses consciousness the U.S. arrest at age < 50 AWARENESS (passes out) and has no pulse. Ø Death occurs within minutes if not Aortic valve abnormalities – failure ANY of these symptoms and warning FORM treated immediately. of the aortic valve (the valve between signs that occur while exercising may the heart and the aorta) to develop necessitate further evaluation from What causes Sudden Cardiac properly; usually causes a loud heart your physician before returning to The Basic Facts on Arrest? murmur. practice or a game. Inherited (passed on from family) Non-compaction Cardiomyopathy – Sudden Cardiac Arrest conditions present at birth of the What is the treatment for a condition where the heart muscle heart muscle: Sudden Cardiac Arrest? does not develop normally.
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