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Book HKT Smith.Indb CONTENTS Acknowledgments xiv Introduction xv Chronology of Authors and Texts xxiv Maps Latium in the Period of the Kings xxvi The City of Rome and the Forum xxvii The Roman World xxviii Italy xxx LITERARY TEXTS Appian, The Civil Wars 1 A. The Crisis of the Late Republic (1.1–6) 2 B. The Problem of Land and Tiberius Gracchus (1.7–16) 5 C. Spartacus and the Great Slave Revolt (1.116–120) 11 Augustus, The Accomplishments of the Deifi ed Augustus 14 Catullus, Selected Poems 23 1 24 5 24 7 24 8 25 10 25 11 26 13 27 16 27 22 28 28 28 29 29 34 30 48 30 49 31 50 31 51 32 72 32 75 32 83 32 85 33 v vi CONTENTS 93 33 101 33 Cicero, M. 34 In Defense of Archias 35 Letters 43 1. July 65 BC, On His Candidacy for the Consulship (Ad Atticum 1.1) 44 2. July 65 BC, On the Birth of His Son (Ad Atticum 1.2) 46 3. January 25, 61 BC, On the Bona Dea Scandal (Ad Atticum 1.13) 46 4. Early July 61 BC, On the Trial of Clodius (Ad Atticum 1.16) 48 5. July 59 BC, On the First Triumvirate (Ad Atticum 2.19) 53 6. April 3, 58 BC, On the Law Relating to His Exile (Ad Atticum 3.4) 54 7. April 6, 58 BC, On His Exile (Ad Atticum 3.5) 55 8. April 30, 58 BC, To His Wife from Exile (Ad Familiares 14.4) 55 9. November 23, 57 BC, On the Gangs and Chaos in Rome (Ad Atticum 4.3) 57 10. October 16, 50 BC, From Athens, On the Looming Confl ict between Pompeius and Caesar (Ad Atticum 7.1) 59 11. January 24, 49 BC, On Caesar’s March on Rome (Ad Familiares 14.18) 62 12. January 29, 49 BC, On Caesar’s March on Rome (Ad Familiares 16.12) 62 13. Around March 5, 49 BC, Julius Caesar to Cicero, Asking Cicero to Stay in Rome (Ad Atticum 9.6A) 64 14. March 20, 49 BC, Cicero’s Reply to Caesar, Stating His Obligation to Pompeius (Ad Atticum 9.11A) 64 15. November 27, 48 BC, On His Post- War Position and the Death of Pompeius (Ad Atticum 11.6) 65 16. Mid- April 45 BC, On Tullia’s Death (Ad Familiares 4.6) 67 17. December 45, On A Visit from Caesar (Ad Atticum 13.52) 68 18. April 44 BC, On Caesar’s Assassination and Its Aftermath (Ad Atticum 14.10) 69 19. September 44 BC, Urging Cassius to Return and Fight Antonius (Ad Familiares 12.2) 70 20. October 44 BC, On the Tyranny of Antonius (Ad Familiares 12.3) 71 21. April 23, 43 BC, On the Defeat of Antonius at Forum Gallorum (Ad Brutum 1.3) 72 22. April 43 BC, On the Defeat of Antonius at Mutina (Ad Brutum 1.3A) 72 23. July 43, On the Voting in the Senate of Honors to Octavian and Penalties for Antonius (Ad Brutum 1.15) 73 Cicero, Q., Running for Offi ce: A Handbook 77 Epictetus, A Handbook of Stoic Philosophy 92 Horace 106 Satires 1.5. A Journey to Brundisium 107 1.6. On Ambition and Noble Birth 110 1.9. The Pest 113 CONTENTS vii Odes 1.1. To Maecenas 116 1.2. To Augustus 117 1.3. To Vergil 119 1.4. To Sestius 120 1.8. To Lydia 120 1.9. To Thaliarchus 121 1.11. To Leuconoe 122 1.37. The Fall of Cleopatra 122 3.2. The Meaning of Virtus 123 3.6. A Plea to the Romans 124 3.30. Poetic Immortality 126 Juvenal, Satires 127 1. Why I Write 128 3. Umbricius Leaves Rome in Disgust 133 Livy, The History of Rome from Its Foundation 142 A. Preface 143 B. From Aeneas to the Foundation of Rome (1.1– 7) 144 C. The Reign of Romulus (1.8– 17) 150 D. The Reign of Numa (1.18– 21) 158 E. The Reign of Tarquinius Priscus (1.34– 40) 162 F. The Reign of Servius Tullius (1.41– 48) 167 G. The Reign of Tarquinius Superbus (1.49– 60) 174 Lucretius, On the Nature of Things 184 A. Epicureanism and the Concept of Atoms (1.1– 264) 185 B. Freedom from Pain and Worry (2.1– 124), The Swerve and Free Will (2.216– 93) 190 C. The Gods Are Far Removed from Our World (2.570– 660) 193 D. Mind and Body Are Inseparable; Death Is Not to Be Feared (3.784– 1094) 195 Martial 201 On the Spectacles 1. The Colosseum Outshines All the Wonders of the World (Spectacles, 1) 202 2. A Spectacular Execution (Spectacles, 9) 202 3. A Beast- Fighter (Spectacles, 17) 203 4. A Trained Elephant (Spectacles, 20) 203 5. A Tame Tigress Made Savage (Spectacles, 21) 203 6. A Sea- Battle in the Colosseum (Spectacles, 27) 203 7. Synchronized Swimming (Spectacles, 30) 203 8. Gladiators Fight to a Draw (Spectacles, 31) 204 Epigrams 9. To My Readers (Book 1, preface) 204 10. The Book Addresses Its Reader (Epigrams, 1.1) 205 11. A Sexual Exhibitionist (Epigrams, 1.34) 205 12. A Doctor (Epigrams, 1.47) 206 viii CONTENTS 13. A Neighbor Never Seen (Epigrams, 1.86) 206 14. Hard on the Outside, Soft on the Inside (Epigrams, 1.96) 206 15. Desperate for a Dinner Invitation (Epigrams, 2.11) 207 16. A Client’s Client (Epigrams, 2.18) 207 17. An Eager Supporter (Epigrams, 2.27) 207 18. The Outside Doesn’t Match the Inside (Epigrams, 2.36) 207 19. A Cruel Master (Epigrams, 2.82) 208 20. Dinner Replaces Handouts (Epigrams, 3.7) 208 21. A Corpse at Dinner (Epigrams, 3.12) 208 22. Hopes and Dreams of a Life in Rome (Epigrams, 3.38) 208 23. A Man to Be Avoided (Epigrams, 3.44) 209 24. Perfume (Epigrams, 3.55) 209 25. An Unequal Dinner Party (Epigrams, 3.60) 210 26. An Elegant Man (Epigrams, 3.63) 210 27. A Boy Lover Grows Up (Epigrams, 4.7) 210 28. A Day in Imperial Rome (Epigrams, 4.8) 211 29. A Rich Atheist (Epigrams, 4.21) 211 30. An Urban Villa (Epigrams, 4.64) 211 31. A Mystery in the Country (Epigrams, 4.66) 212 32. Roman Girls Never Say No (Epigrams, 4.71) 213 33. Epitaph for a Slave Girl (Epigrams, 5.34) 213 34. Escaping the Salutatio (Epigrams, 7.39) 213 35. Troubling Dreams (Epigrams, 7.54) 214 36. An Effeminate Husband (Epigrams, 7.58) 214 37. Clearing the Streets (Epigrams, 7.61) 214 38. Rich Wives in Charge (Epigrams, 8.12) 215 39. Punishing a Cook (Epigrams, 8.23) 215 40. Diminishing Gifts for Saturnalia (Epigrams, 8.71) 215 41. A Way to Stay Young (Epigrams, 8.79) 215 42. A Loud Schoolmaster (Epigrams, 9.68) 216 43. Gold- Digging (Epigrams, 10.8) 216 44. An Ungenerous Friend (Epigrams, 10.15) 216 45. The Good Life (Epigrams, 10.47) 216 46. A Poet Must Eat (Epigrams, 11.24) 217 47. A Paedagogus (Epigrams, 11.39) 217 48. An Impoverished Philosopher (Epigrams, 11.56) 218 49. A German War- Captive (Epigrams, 11.96) 218 50. A Prudish Wife and Her Adventurous Husband (Epigrams, 11.104) 218 Novatian, On the Spectacles 220 Ovid 227 The Art of Love, Book 1 228 Fasti, April 21 248 Tristia 4.10 252 Perpetua, The Passion of Perpetua and Felicitas 257 Petronius, Trimalchio’s Dinner Party 267 CONTENTS ix Pliny the Younger, Letters 299 1. False Activity and Authentic Leisure (1.9) 300 2. Long and Short Speeches (1.20) 300 3. Status- Grading at Dinner Parties (2.6) 303 4. A Solicitation of Electoral Support (2.9) 303 5. A Dramatic Trial in the Senate (2.11) 304 6. Legacy Hunting (2.20) 307 7. Choosing a Teacher (3.3) 309 8. The Writings and Amazing Energy of Pliny the Elder (3.5) 309 9. The Character of a Philosopher (3.11) 312 10. A Farm Estate and Its Tenant- Farmers (3.19) 313 11. Hiring a Teacher for Comum (4.13) 314 12. On His New Wife (4.19) 315 13. The Death of Fundanus’ Daughter (5.16) 315 14. A Freedman Comic Actor (5.19) 316 15. The Eruption of Mt. Vesuvius and the Death of Pliny the Elder (6.16) 317 16. The Eruption of Mt. Vesuvius as Seen from Misenum (6.20) 320 17. A Mysterious Disappearance (6.25) 321 18. A Roman Lady and Her Pantomime Troupe (7.24) 322 19. Worship of an Italian River God (8.8) 323 20. On His Wife’s Miscarriage (8.10) 324 21. Grief over Dying Slaves (8.16) 324 22. Advice to a Provincial Governor (9.5) 325 23. On Not Going to the Races (9.6) 325 24. Entertainments at Dinner (9.17) 326 25. Hopeless Debt among Tenant- Farmers (9.37) 326 26. Rebuilding a Rural Temple (9.39) 327 27. Financing a New Public Bath Building (10.23, Pliny to the Emperor Trajan) 327 28. Reply (Trajan to Pliny, 10.24) 328 29. On the Treatment of Convicts (10.31, Pliny to Trajan) 328 30. Reply (10.32, Trajan to Pliny) 328 31. On the Status of Exposed Children Raised in Slavery (10.65, Pliny to Trajan) 329 32. Reply (10.66, Trajan to Pliny) 329 33. How to Conduct Trials of Christians (10.96, Pliny to Trajan) 329 34. Reply (10.97, Trajan to Pliny) 331 Plutarch 332 The Life of Cato the Elder 333 The Life of Aemilius Paullus (chs.
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